内容正文:
人教版2024八年级下册Unit 2 Stay Healthy预习学案
一、核心短语积累
A部分(基础核心短语)
(1) 保持均衡饮食(侧重饮食健康)
(2) 养成规律作息习惯(2种表达)
(3) 坚持每日运动(30分钟以上)
(4) 预防常见疾病
(5) 保持良好心态
(6) 保证充足睡眠
(7) 远离垃圾食品
(8) 学会缓解压力(2种表达)
(9) 注意个人卫生
(10) 多喝水补充水分
(11) 避免过度用眼
(12) 生病时及时就医
(13) 合理安排学习与休息时间
(14) 积极参加体育锻炼
(15) 拒绝熬夜追剧/打游戏
(16) 向医生咨询健康建议
(17) 保持适当体重
(18) 饭后散步促进消化
(19) 勤洗手预防感染
(20) 培养健康的生活方式
(21) 避免久坐不动
(22) 分享健康小常识
B部分(拓展进阶短语)
(1) 因健康生活而精力充沛/因不良习惯而体弱多病
(2) 用心规划每日健康作息/因贪图安逸而忽视运动
(3) 因坚持健康饮食而体质提升/因暴饮暴食而影响健康
(4) 倡导健康生活理念/传递科学养生知识(2种表达)
(5) 敢于纠正不良生活习惯,拥抱健康人生
(6) 不让忙碌成为忽视健康的借口
(7) 对健康饮食严格把控,拒绝有害食品
(8) 像健康达人一样传递“健康第一”的生活态度
(9) 纠正“偶尔放纵不影响健康”的错误认知
(10) 做关于健康生活的主题分享(2种表达);决定加入校园健身社团(2种表达)
(11) 因坚持健康作息而效率提升/因透支身体而影响学习
(12) 主动学习科学养生知识,相信能拥有强健体魄
(13) 以自己健康的生活状态和良好体质为骄傲(2种表达)
(14) 也愿意带动身边人养成健康习惯,共建健康校园(2种进阶表达)
(15) 比之前更懂得健康的重要性/在体质与心态上均有改善
(16) 和同学一起开展健康生活打卡活动,互相监督鼓励
二、重点语法预习(单元核心语法)
1.情态动词should/shouldn’t/had better表健康建议(核心语法)
a. 基础例句:我们应该每天喝八杯水,保持身体水分充足。
b. 进阶例句:你不应该熬夜,最好在晚上十一点前入睡。
c. 易错点:should/shouldn’t语气较委婉,had better语气更强,表“最好(做/不做)”,否定式为had better not do;三者后均接动词原形,不可接不定式或动名词。
2.if引导条件状语从句(表健康条件与结果,主将从现)
a. 基础例句:如果你坚持每天运动,你的体质会慢慢提升。
b. 拓展例句:如果我们经常吃垃圾食品,我们的身体会受到伤害。
c. 易错点:遵循“主将从现”原则,主句用一般将来时/情态动词,从句用一
3.现在时;不可混淆时态,如从句不可用will引导。
一般现在时表客观健康规律、日常习惯(描述健康常识)
a. 基础例句:充足的睡眠能让大脑得到充分休息。
b. 进阶例句:饭后适当运动有助于促进肠胃消化,维持身体健康。
c. 易错点:描述普遍适用的健康规律时,动词用原形(三单主语变形);不可用现在进行时表固定健康习惯,如不说“I am exercising every day”。
4.动名词作主语(表健康相关动作,强调行为本身)
a. 基础例句:每天晨跑对我们的心肺功能有益。
b. 拓展例句:少吃甜食、多吃蔬菜能有效预防蛀牙和肥胖。
c. 易错点:动名词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数;多个动名词并列作主语时,谓语动词根据意义一致原则确定单复数(通常用单数)。
三、词语变形积累(附构词法)
(1) health n.(健康)- adj.________(健康的);adj.________(不健康的);adv.________(健康地)
(2) exercise v./n.(锻炼;运动)- n.________(锻炼者);adj.________(需要锻炼的)
(3) strong adj.(强壮的)- n.________(力量);adv.________(强劲地);比较级________(更强壮的)
(4) ill adj.(生病的)- n.________(疾病);
(5) adj.________(有害的)
(6) sleep v./n.(睡觉)- adj.________(困倦的);adj.________(睡眠充足的)
(7) eat v.(吃)- n.________(饮食);adj.________(可食用的)
(8) relax v.(放松)- 过去式______- 过去分词________- n.________(放松)
(9) prevent v.(预防)- 过去式______- 过去分词________- adj.________(预防性的)
(10) feel v.(感觉)- 过去式______- 过去分词________- adj.________(舒适的)
(11) happy adj.(快乐的,心情好的)- adv.________(愉快地);n.________(幸福);adj.________(不开心的)
(12) danger n.(危险)- adj.________(危险的);adj.________(安全的,反义词);搭配in ________(处于危险中)
(13) healthily adv.(健康地)- 比较级________(更健康地);最高级________(最健康地)
(14) develop v.(培养;发展)- n.________(养成;发展);adj.________(有益健康的);搭配________ a healthy habit(培养健康习惯)
4、 预习小练习
(一)根据句意及汉语提示完成短语(每空1分,共5分)
(1) We should ________ ________ ________(保持均衡饮食)to keep our bodies healthy.
(2) It’s necessary to ________ ________ ________(保证充足睡眠)for eight hours every day.
(3) She often ________ ________ ________(饭后散步)with her family to help digestion.
(4) We had better ________ ________ ________(避免过度用眼)when studying online.
(5) He plans to ________ ________ ________(参加体育锻炼)every morning to build up his body.
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空(每空1分,共5分)
(1) Eating more vegetables and fruits is good for our ________(health).
(2) We ________(should)stay up late. It’s bad for our sleep quality.
(3) ________(exercise)every day helps us improve our physical fitness.
(4) If you eat too much junk food, you ________(become)fat easily.
(5) After a long walk, she felt ________(relax)and fell asleep quickly.
(三)句型转换(每空1分,共5分)
(1) We should drink more water every day.(改为否定句)We ________ ________ more water every day.
(2) Running in the morning is good for our health.(对划线部分提问)________ ________ good for our health?
(3) If you keep exercising, you will be stronger.(改为同义句)________ exercising, and you will be stronger.
(4) She usually goes to bed at 10:30 p.m.(改为一般疑问句)________ she usually ________ to bed at 10:30 p.m.?
(5) You had better see a doctor when you are ill.(改为同义句)You had better ________ a doctor when you are ill.
五、参考答案与解析
(一)核心短语答案
A部分
(1) keep a balanced diet
(2) develop a regular daily routine;form a regular daily schedule
(3) insist on exercising for more than 30 minutes every day
(4) prevent common diseases
(5) keep a good attitude
(6) ensure adequate sleep
(7) stay away from junk food
(8) learn to relieve stress;learn to reduce pressure
(9) pay attention to personal hygiene
(10) drink more water to replenish moisture
(11) avoid overusing eyes
(12) see a doctor in time when getting ill
(13) arrange study and rest time reasonably
(14) take an active part in physical exercise
(15) refuse to stay up late watching dramas or playing games
(16) ask doctors for health advice
(17) keep a proper weight
(18) take a walk after meals to promote digestion
(19) wash hands frequently to prevent infection
(20) develop a healthy lifestyle
(21) avoid sitting for a long time without moving
(22) share small health tips
B部分
(1) be energetic due to a healthy life;be in poor health because of bad habits
(2) carefully plan daily healthy routines;ignore exercise because of seeking comfort
(3) improve physical fitness by sticking to a healthy diet;affect health by overeating
(4) advocate a healthy lifestyle;convey scientific health preservation knowledge
(5) dare to correct bad living habits and embrace a healthy life
(6) not let busyness become an excuse for ignoring health
(7) strictly control healthy diet and refuse harmful food
(8) convey the "health first" attitude towards life like a health expert
(9) correct the wrong perception that "occasional indulgence doesn’t affect health"
(10) give a theme sharing on healthy life;make a theme sharing on healthy life(做分享);decide to join the school fitness club;make a decision to join the school fitness club(决定做)
(11) improve efficiency by sticking to a healthy routine;affect study by overtaxing the body
(12) take the initiative to learn scientific health knowledge and believe in having a strong body
(13) be proud of one’s healthy living state and good physical fitness;take pride in one’s healthy living state and good physical fitness
(14) also be willing to drive people around to develop healthy habits and build a healthy campus together;as well as be willing to drive people around to develop healthy habits and build a healthy campus together
(15) understand the importance of health better than before;improve both physically and mentally
(16) carry out a healthy life check-in activity with classmates and supervise and encourage each other
(二)词语变形答案与解析
(1) healthy(修饰名词,如healthy diet);unhealthy(否定形容词,如unhealthy food);healthily(副词,修饰动词,如eat healthily)。构词法:health变形容词加-y,变否定加前缀un-,变副词去y加-ily。
(2) exerciser(名词,如a regular exerciser);exercise-dependent(形容词,表“需要锻炼的”)。构词法:exercise变锻炼者加-er,需锻炼的为复合形容词,由exercise+dependent构成。
(3) strength(名词,如physical strength);strongly(副词,如feel strongly about health);stronger(比较级,单音节词加-er)。构词法:strong变名词加-th,变副词加-ly,比较级直接加-er。
(4) illness(名词,如common illness);
(5) harmful(形容词,如harmful food);
(6) sleepy(形容词,修饰人,如feel sleepy);well-slept(形容词,表“睡眠充足的”);
(7) diet(名词,如balanced diet);edible(形容词,如edible fruits)。
(8) relaxed;relaxed;relaxation(名词,如physical relaxation);
(9) prevented;prevented;preventive(形容词,如preventive measures);
(10) felt;felt;comfortable(形容词,如feel comfortable)。提示:relax的过去式/过去分词为规则变化,feel为不规则变化;preventive常见搭配preventive medicine(预防医学)。
(11) happily(副词,如live happily);happiness(名词,如happiness from health);unhappy(否定形容词,如unhappy mood)。构词法:happy变副词变y为i加-ly,变名词去y加-iness,变否定加前缀un-。
(12) dangerous(形容词,如dangerous habits);safe(反义词,如safe food);danger。搭配:in danger(处于危险中),反义词组为out of danger,danger为不可数名词。
(13) more healthily;most healthily。提示:多音节副词比较级/最高级前加more/most,healthily为双音节副词,需用此规则。
(14) development(名词,如the development of a habit);health-beneficial(形容词,表“有益健康的”);develop。搭配:develop a healthy habit(培养健康习惯),develop为及物动词,常见搭配还有develop physical fitness(增强体质)。
(三)预习小练习答案与解析
根据句意及汉语提示完成短语
(1) keep a balanced diet。解析:固定短语,balanced为形容词修饰diet,表“均衡的”,diet为可数名词,此处用单数表泛指。
(2) ensure adequate sleep。解析:ensure表“保证、确保”,adequate为形容词修饰sleep,sleep为不可数名词,表“睡眠”。
(3) takes a walk after meals。解析:take a walk表“散步”,主语为she,一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数takes;after meals表“饭后”,为固定搭配。
(4) avoid overusing eyes。解析:avoid doing sth.为固定用法,overuse为动词,表“过度使用”,-ing形式为overusing。
(5) take part in physical exercise。解析:take part in表“参与”,physical exercise为“体育锻炼”,exercise此处为不可数名词。
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1) health。解析:形容词性物主代词our后接名词,health为不可数名词,表“健康”,无复数形式。
(2) shouldn’t。解析:根据后句“对睡眠质量有害”,可知此处为否定建议,should的否定式为shouldn’t,后接动词原形stay。
(3) Exercising。解析:动名词作主语,exercise的-ing形式为exercising,谓语动词helps用第三人称单数,符合语法规则。
(4) will become。解析:if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
(5) relaxed。解析:主语为she,修饰人用relax的-ed形式形容词relaxed,表“感到放松的”,区别于relaxing(修饰事物)。
句型转换
(1) shouldn’t drink。解析:should的否定式为shouldn’t,后接动词原形drink,保持原句语义不变。
(2) What is。解析:对动名词短语“Running in the morning”提问,用疑问词what,谓语动词用第三人称单数is。
(3) Keep。解析:将if条件句改为祈使句,直接用动词原形开头,表“坚持锻炼”,符合同义句逻辑。
(4) Does;go。解析:一般现在时的一般疑问句,主语为she,助动词用does,后接动词原形go。
(5) consult。解析:see a doctor可替换为consult a doctor,均表“看医生、咨询医生”,consult为及物动词,符合同义句要求。
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