Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 单元语法（一般过去时的被动语态）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（新教材外研版）

Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．Paper ________ by Cai Lun in the Han Dynasty, and it’s one of the greatest inventions in China. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．will be invented 2．The Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing in 2022. It was a great success. A．hold B．held C．were held D．are held 3．—It’s reported that some robots ________ to work with traffic policemen in some cities. —That’s amazing! A．have send B．were sending C．will send D．were sent 4．The invention __________ by a team of scientists last month. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 5．All the tables ________ with red cloth for the party yesterday. A．cover B．covered C．are covered D．were covered 6．It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．was used D．has used 7．I ________ ten minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A．gave B．was given C．was giving D．had given 8．The children ______ well by the nurse. A．were looked B．taken care of C．were looked after D．taken care 9．—A lot of money ________ for the old man’s operation online. —Yes, but the medicine cost ________ a lot, so we still need to get more for him. A．raised; rose B．was raised; has risen C．was risen; has raised D．was raised; rose 10．The soldiers ________ by the enemy at dawn. A．attacked B．was attacked C．were attacked D．have attacked 11．The singing club that my sister has been in ________ two years ago. A．set up B．was set up C．put up D．was put up 12．Great changes ________ in China since the People’s Republic of China ________ in 1949. A．have taken place; was founded B．has taken place; was founded C．have been taken place; founded D．took place; founded 13．The park ________ by some terrible behavior of poor visitors last year. A．is damaged B．damaged C．was damaged D．will be damaged 14．The books ________ to the library the other day. A．were returned B．returned C．will return D．will be returned 15．The scientist as well as his assistants ________ the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1945. A．are awarded B．is awarded C．were awarded D．was awarded 16．—Your dress is so nice. —Thanks! It________by my uncle as a birthday present. A．bought B．was bought C．has bought D．will buy 17．A woman who fell 10meters from High Peak _______ to safety by a helicopter． A．lifted B．is lfted C．was lifting D．was lifted 18．The classes 5 groups when we went on our outing. A．was made into B．was divided by C．was separated from D．was divided into 19．—Do you know how much money at the show yesterday? —Yes. More than 100 thousand yuan. The money to a Hope Primary School next week. A．was raised; will donate B．was raised; will be donated C．raised; will donate D．has raised; will be donated 20．— The fish tastes so nice. — Thanks. Do you know it by me? A．cooks B．was cooking C．cook D．was cooked 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．Over 4,000 people were (help) by the Hope Health Van in its first year. 22．Paper-cutting (invent) in China more than 1,500 years ago. 23．Twenty-two brave soldiers were (choose) to risk their lives. 24．The museum (found) in 1872 and is now a popular tourist attraction. 25．As soon as we arrived at school this morning, we (ask) to take an English test. How terrible! 26．Li Jianrou was (interview) shortly after she won the first gold medal for China in the 22nd Winter Olympic Games. 27．The old car (produce) in Germany in the 1960s. 28．The flight （ cancel） because of the bad weather last week． 29．The miners alive when the tunnel collapsed. (bury) 30．Robin was for playing computer games all day long yesterday. (punish) 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．My father made me write. （改为被动语态） I was by my father. 32．Boateng的故事被许多报纸报道过。 Boateng’s story in many newspapers. 33．我四岁的时候，外公就教我画连环画了。 I comic strips by my grandfather when I was 4. 34．这个学校是什么时候设立的？ When ? 35．这本书在2009年出版。 This book in 2009. 36．很多老师和同学们受邀来参加这场活动。 Many teachers and students to take part in the activity. 37．老师要求我们用摄像机记录下捕鱼的过程。 We the process of catching fish with a video camera by the teacher. 38．上周，Mike做了一个很棒的筹款计划。 Last week, a great plan money by Mike. 39．Jolin认为自己太胖了，害怕别人嘲笑她。 Jolin thought she was too fat and was afraid of by others. 40．她的这些艺术作品吸引了越来越多的人。 More and more people her works of arts. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．Paper ________ by Cai Lun in the Han Dynasty, and it’s one of the greatest inventions in China. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．will be invented 【答案】C 【详解】句意：纸是在汉代被蔡伦发明的，它是中国最伟大的发明之一。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。invented发明，过去式；is invented被发明，一般现在时的被动语态；was invented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态；will be invented将被发明，一般将来时的被动语态。根据“Paper…by Cai Lun in the Han Dynasty”可知，纸被发明是过去发生的事情，且纸与发明之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 2．The Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing in 2022. It was a great success. A．hold B．held C．were held D．are held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2022年冬奥会在北京举行，取得了巨大成功。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。hold举行；held举行，过去式；were held被举行，一般过去时的被动语态；are held被举行，一般现在时的被动语态。根据“in 2022”可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语“The Winter Olympic Games”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，因此这里用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 3．—It’s reported that some robots ________ to work with traffic policemen in some cities. —That’s amazing! A．have send B．were sending C．will send D．were sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—据报道，在一些城市，一些机器人被派去和交警一起工作。—太神奇了！ 考查被动语态。主语“some robots”是动作的承受者，即机器人被派去工作，因此需用被动语态be done。故选D。 4．The invention __________ by a team of scientists last month. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这项发明是上个月由一组科学家研发出来的。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的时间状语“last month”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时；又因为主语“The invention”与动词“develop”之间是被动关系，即发明是被研发出来的，所以应使用被动语态。因此，句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态，即was developed。故选B。 5．All the tables ________ with red cloth for the party yesterday. A．cover B．covered C．are covered D．were covered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天所有的桌子都铺上了红布用于聚会。 考查被动语态和时态。根据“All the tables...with red cloth for the party yesterday”可知句子主语“tables”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态“be covered”；时间状语“yesterday”表明动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态“were covered”。故选D。 6．It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．was used D．has used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说芜湖龙湾长江隧道于2025年7月投入使用。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in July，2025”可知，句子应该用一般过去时，排除选项A、B和D；又因为主语“Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel”和谓语动词“use”之间是被动关系，表示隧道被使用，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+动词的过去分词”。故选C。 7．I ________ ten minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A．gave B．was given C．was giving D．had given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我有十分钟的时间来决定要不要去。 考查被动语态。give sb sth“给某人某物”，当宾语sb成为主语时，需用被动语态be done。故选B。 8．The children ______ well by the nurse. A．were looked B．taken care of C．were looked after D．taken care 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们被保姆照顾得很好。 考查动词短语及语态。look看；take care of照顾；look after照顾；take care当心。根据“The children ... well by the nurse.”可知，此处是指孩子们被保姆照顾得好，空处用被动语态be done，且短语中的介词在变成被动语态时不能省略。故选C。 9．—A lot of money ________ for the old man’s operation online. —Yes, but the medicine cost ________ a lot, so we still need to get more for him. A．raised; rose B．was raised; has risen C．was risen; has raised D．was raised; rose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——网上为老人的手术筹集了很多钱。——是的，但是药费涨了很多，所以我们还需要再给他筹集一些。 考查动词辨析，时态和语态。raise筹集；rise上升。根据“A lot of money”可知，表示“筹钱”，排除C；与动词raise之间是动宾关系，第一空用被动语态，排除A。再由“but the medicine cost...a lot, so we still need to get more for him”可知，过去医药费上涨，应用动词rise，并对现在造成了影响“需要再筹集一些钱”，所以第二空用现在完成时。故选B。 10．The soldiers ________ by the enemy at dawn. A．attacked B．was attacked C．were attacked D．have attacked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：士兵们在黎明时遭到敌人的袭击。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语The soldiers和谓语attack之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据at dawn可知时态为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为：主语+ was\were+动词的过去分词。主语The soldiers是复数，所以be动词用were。故选C。 11．The singing club that my sister has been in ________ two years ago. A．set up B．was set up C．put up D．was put up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姐姐参加的歌唱俱乐部是两年前成立的。 考查被动语态和短语辨析。set up“建立”；put up“张贴”。根据“The singing club”可知成立一个俱乐部应用set up。主语和动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选B。 12．Great changes ________ in China since the People’s Republic of China ________ in 1949. A．have taken place; was founded B．has taken place; was founded C．have been taken place; founded D．took place; founded 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时的被动语态。take place发生，没有被动语态；found建立，根据“since the People’s Republic of China”可知，第一个空用现在完成时，主语“Great changes”是复数，所以用have，主语“the People’s Republic of China”和动词“found”是被动关系且时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。 13．The park ________ by some terrible behavior of poor visitors last year. A．is damaged B．damaged C．was damaged D．will be damaged 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年，一些不文明游客的糟糕行为破坏了公园。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“The park”和谓语“damage”是被动关系，用被动语态，且根据“last year”可知句子使用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。 14．The books ________ to the library the other day. A．were returned B．returned C．will return D．will be returned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些书是前几天归还给图书馆的。 考查一般过去时被动语态。根据“the other day”可知，此句用一般过去时，且主语books与动词return之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般过去时被动语态，故选A。 15．The scientist as well as his assistants ________ the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1945. A．are awarded B．is awarded C．were awarded D．was awarded 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位科学家和他的助手在1945年被授予了诺贝尔医学奖。 考查被动语态和as well as 的用法。根据句意可知，他们是被授予奖项，故用被动语态，时间是1945，所以用一般过去时的被动语态；又因as well as是就远原则，故The scientist作主语，be动词用was，结合选项，故选D。 【点睛】as well as是就远原则。当as well as连接并列主语时（多数可理解为插入语，有无逗号均可），句中谓语动词的数应该和真正的主语，也就是as well as前面的主语，保持一致，即就远原则。 16．—Your dress is so nice. —Thanks! It________by my uncle as a birthday present. A．bought B．was bought C．has bought D．will buy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的裙子真漂亮。——谢谢!它是我叔叔给我买的生日礼物。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。bought过去式；was bought一般过去时的被动语态；has bought现在完成时；will buy一般将来时。首先根据语境可知“购买生日礼物”这件事发生在过去，判断句子时态用一般过去时，且主语It（the dress）是动作buy的承受者，所以用被动语态；一般过去时被动语态的构成是：主语+was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，buy的过去分词是bought，故答案选B。 17．A woman who fell 10meters from High Peak _______ to safety by a helicopter． A．lifted B．is lfted C．was lifting D．was lifted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一名女子从高达10米处被直升机抬到了安全的地方。 句子主语是A woman who fell 10meters from High Peak，发不出lift的动作，是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done，主语是第三人称单数，故答案选D。 18．The classes 5 groups when we went on our outing. A．was made into B．was divided by C．was separated from D．was divided into 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我们出去远足时，那个班被分成5个组。 本题考查动词短语。was made into被制成，was divided by被……分开，was separated from被隔开， was divided into被分成。结合句意，此处表示那个班被分成5个组，故选D。 19．—Do you know how much money at the show yesterday? —Yes. More than 100 thousand yuan. The money to a Hope Primary School next week. A．was raised; will donate B．was raised; will be donated C．raised; will donate D．has raised; will be donated 【答案】B 【详解】句意：-你知道昨天的展览上筹集了多少钱吗？-是的，有10万多元，这些钱将在下周被捐给希望工程。was raised被筹集，一般过去时被动语态；raised是过去式或者过去分词形式；has raised现在完成时；will donate将捐赠，一般将来时；will be donated将被捐赠，一般将来时被动语态。根据句意可知，两句话的主语都和动词构成被动关系，都应使用被动语态，第一句话说的是yesterday，是过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态；第二句话是next week将来的时间，用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。 20．— The fish tastes so nice. — Thanks. Do you know it by me? A．cooks B．was cooking C．cook D．was cooked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这鱼味道真好。——谢谢。你知道它是我做的吗?考查动词语态辨析。本句是宾语从句，从句主语it是单数第三人称，是指上文的fish，是动词cook的受动者，需用被动语态；根据句意语境，可知cook是发生在过去的动作，时态需用一般过去时，故选D。 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．Over 4,000 people were (help) by the Hope Health Van in its first year. 【答案】helped 【详解】句意：超过4000人在第一年得到了希望健康车的帮助。根据空前“were”及“by the Hope Health Van”可知，此处应用被动语态，其结构为：be+动词过去分词。help的过去分词为helped。故填helped。 22．Paper-cutting (invent) in China more than 1,500 years ago. 【答案】was invented 【详解】句意：剪纸是1500多年前在中国被发明的。由时间状语more than 1,500 years ago可知，需用一般过去时；主语Paper-cutting和动词invent之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词。主语是单数，be动词用was，invent的过去分词是invented。故填was invented。 23．Twenty-two brave soldiers were (choose) to risk their lives. 【答案】chosen 【详解】句意：22名勇敢的士兵被选中去冒生命危险。choose“选择”，动词原形，根据“Twenty-two brave soldiers were...to risk their lives.”可知，主语士兵与动词“choose”的关系是被动，句子为一般过去时态，一般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词，choose的过去分词为chosen。故填chosen。 24．The museum (found) in 1872 and is now a popular tourist attraction. 【答案】was founded 【详解】句意：这座博物馆建于1872年，现在是热门旅游景点。句子主语“The museum”和“found（建立）”是被动关系（博物馆被建立），且时间“in 1872”是过去时，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态“was founded”。故填was founded。 25．As soon as we arrived at school this morning, we (ask) to take an English test. How terrible! 【答案】were asked 【详解】句意：今天早上我们一到学校，就被要求参加英语考试。太可怕了！ask“要求”，动词。根据“As soon as we arrived at school this morning,”可知，此句是表示紧接着发生的两个动作，主从句都用一般过去时。且主语“we”和动词“ask”构成被动关系，故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。主语是“we”，be动词用were；ask的过去分词为asked。故填were asked。 26．Li Jianrou was (interview) shortly after she won the first gold medal for China in the 22nd Winter Olympic Games. 【答案】interviewed 【详解】句意：李坚柔在为中国赢得第22届冬奥会首枚金牌后不久接受了采访。interview“采访，面试”，是一个动词。该句主语“Li Jianrou”和动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为：be+过去分词，故填interviewed。 27．The old car (produce) in Germany in the 1960s. 【答案】was produced 【详解】句意：这辆旧汽车是20世纪60年代在德国生产的。本题主语“The old car”与谓语动词“produce”是逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据“in the 1960s”可知，本题是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是“be done”；主语“The old car”是单数，因此be动词用was，produce的过去分词是produced。故填was produced。 28．The flight （ cancel） because of the bad weather last week． 【答案】was canceled 【详解】句意：由于上周天气不好，航班取消了。根据last week判断句子使用一般过去时，主语是动作的承受者，句子使用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用“were/was+动词的过去分词”，主语是单数名词，此处用was canceled。故填was canceled。 29．The miners alive when the tunnel collapsed. (bury) 【答案】were buried 【详解】句意：隧道倒塌时，矿工们被活埋了。根据“collapsed”可知，句子是一般过去时，主语与动词bury之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语是复数形式，故填were buried。 30．Robin was for playing computer games all day long yesterday. (punish) 【答案】punished 【详解】句意：罗宾昨天因为玩了一整天的电脑游戏而受到惩罚。根据“playing computer games all day long yesterday”可知是被惩罚了，Robin与punish之间是动宾关系，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，was后用punish的过去分词形式punished。故填punished。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．My father made me write. （改为被动语态） I was by my father. 【答案】 made to write 【详解】句意：我被父亲强迫写（东西）。根据要求可知，要改为被动语态，made的被动语态形式是be made to do sth.“被迫做某事”，此处放于谓语动词was之后，故填made；to；write。 32．Boateng的故事被许多报纸报道过。 Boateng’s story in many newspapers. 【答案】 was reported 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“被报道”的英文表达。report“报道”，动词，主语“Boateng’s story”与report之间为被动关系，需用动词的被动语态，结合汉语提示“被报道过”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语“Boateng’s story”为第三人称单数，因此be动词用was，report的过去分词为reported。故填was；reported。 33．我四岁的时候，外公就教我画连环画了。 I comic strips by my grandfather when I was 4. 【答案】 was taught to draw 【详解】根据中英文对照，需表达“被教画（连环画）”。句子是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语“I”是第一人称单数，be动词用was，“教某人做某事”主动结构是“teach sb. to do sth.”，被动结构是“sb. be taught to do sth.”，teach的过去分词是taught，“画”是draw，故填was；taught；to；draw。 34．这个学校是什么时候设立的？ When ? 【答案】was the school set up 【详解】对照中英文，该句是一般过去时，且是特殊疑问句。the school“学校”，set up“建立”，学校是被建立，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词填was。故填was the school set up。 35．这本书在2009年出版。 This book in 2009. 【答案】 was published 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“出版”，用动词publish。根据“in 2009”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，且主语“This book”和动词publish是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was/were don。主语为单数的“This book”，be动词用was；publish的过去分词为published。故填was；published。 36．很多老师和同学们受邀来参加这场活动。 Many teachers and students to take part in the activity. 【答案】 were invited 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“被邀请”的表达，句子主语“Many teachers and students”与“邀请”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态“be+过去分词”结构；invite“邀请”，其过去分词为invited，主语为复数，结合语境可知动作发生在过去，所以be动词用过去式were。故填were；invited。 37．老师要求我们用摄像机记录下捕鱼的过程。 We the process of catching fish with a video camera by the teacher. 【答案】 were asked to record 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“被要求”和“记录”的表达。主语是We，结合句意可知应用被动语态，表示“我们被老师要求”。“被要求做某事”常用被动结构“be asked to do sth.”；句子时态为一般过去时，be动词应用were，后接ask的过去分词asked；record“记录”，放在动词不定式之后用动词原形，故填were；asked；to；record。 38．上周，Mike做了一个很棒的筹款计划。 Last week, a great plan money by Mike. 【答案】 for raising was made 【详解】plan for raising money“筹措资金的计划”，介词for表目的，介词后用动名词形式raising。根据“Last week, a great plan...money...by Mike.”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，make“制定”，变为一般过去时的被动语态was made。故填for；raising；was；made。 39．Jolin认为自己太胖了，害怕别人嘲笑她。 Jolin thought she was too fat and was afraid of by others. 【答案】 being laughed at 【详解】根据题意可知，缺少“嘲笑”，英文表达为laugh at，而“害怕被别人嘲笑”应用被动语态，所以，应是be laughed at，介词of后接动名词形式，即being。故填being；laughed；at。 40．她的这些艺术作品吸引了越来越多的人。 More and more people her works of arts. 【答案】 are/were attracted by 【详解】根据中英文对照和“More and more people...her works of arts.”可知，空格处为“被……吸引”be attracted by，此处为被动语态，结合语境可知，句子为一般现在时或一般过去时，主语More and more people为复数，故此处be动词应用are/were。故填are/were；attracted；by。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $