Unit 1 Career talks 单元语法（一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（新教材外研版）

Unit 1 Career talks 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态 被动语态是由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 be 动词本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。 用法 1. 强调动作的承受者时 Mr. Green is respected by all of us. 2. 不必指出或不知动作的执行者时 Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 3. 动作的执行者是无生命的事物时 I was deeply impressed by the Great Wall. 结构（以动词 do 为例，过去分词为 done） 一般现在时的被动语态 am/ is/ are + done Chinese is spoken by many people. 一般将来时的被动语态 will be done A new library will be built next year. am/ is/ are going to be + done 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．A lot of trees ________ in our city every year. A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年我们城市都种植很多树。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。plant种植，动词原形；planted种植，过去式；are planted被种植，一般现在时的被动语态；were planted被种植，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知，句子用一般现在时，且主语“A lot of trees”与动词“plant”之间是被动关系，表示树被种植，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 2．Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ every year and attracts millions of visitors. A．holds B．is held C．held D．was held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哈尔滨国际冰雪节每年举办并吸引数百万游客。 考查动词的时态和语态。holds举办，一般现在时；is held被举办，一般现在时的被动语态；held举办，一般过去时/过去分词；was held被举办，一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意，主语“哈尔滨国际冰雪节”是被举办的对象，且“every year”表示每年发生的习惯性动作，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 3．—Are you going to Sam’s birthday party the day after tomorrow? —I’m not sure. I will go with you if I ________. A．invite B．will be invited C．am invited D．invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你后天要去参加Sam的生日派对吗？——我不确定。如果我被邀请的话，我会和你一起去。 考查if引导的条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则和动词的被动语态。invite邀请，一般现在时的主动语态；will be invited将被邀请，一般将来时的被动语态；am invited被邀请，一般现在时的被动语态；invited邀请，一般过去时的主动语态。在if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句为一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时表示将来。根据“I will go with you”可知，从句需用一般现在时，且此处“被邀请”需用被动语态。因此从句需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 4．—I heard that smoking ________ many diseases. —Yes, it’s really bad for our health. We should stay away from it. A．is connected with B．has been connected to C．connects with D．connects to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我听说吸烟与许多疾病有关。——是的，它对我们的健康真的很有害。我们应该远离它。 考查动词的时态和语态辨析。is connected with与……有关联，一般现在时态被动语态；has been connected to已被连接到，现在完成时态被动语态；connects with与……产生联系，一般现在时态主动语态；connects to连接到，一般现在时态主动语态。根据“I heard that smoking...many diseases.”可知，吸烟与疾病的关系是客观被动关联，即“被科学证明有关联”，因此需用被动语态，排除CD选项；且本句为客观事实，应用一般现在时态。故选A。 5．Mobile payment ________ widely in China, and more and more people use it. A．use B．uses C．is used D．was used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：移动支付在中国被广泛使用，而且越来越多的人使用它。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“and more and more people use it.”可知，移动支付被广泛使用是现在的一种情况，且主语“Mobile payment”和谓语“use”之间是被动关系，即移动支付被使用，所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态is used。故选C。 6．Hurry up. Once the concert starts, nobody________ to enter the concert hall. A．allows B．is allowed C．allowed D．is allowing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：快点。一旦音乐会开始，就不允许任何人进入音乐厅了。 考查被动语态。根据题干可知，主语“nobody”与动词“allow”是被动关系，所以应用被动语态结构：be done。故选B。 7．—Mr. Wu, when can we start the science experiment (实验)? —Only after the safety rules ________ clearly. A．are explained B．will be explained C．were explained D．have explained 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——吴老师，我们什么时候可以开始科学实验？——只有在安全规则被明确解释之后。 考查被动语态和时态。根据“Only after the safety rules...clearly”可知，规则应该是被解释清楚，且此处after引导时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，故从句需用一般现在时，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，即am/is/are done的结构。故选A。 8．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better. A．separate B．were separated C．have separated D．are separated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：工人们每天都会仔细分拣塑料瓶和废纸，让环境变得更好。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“Plastic bottles and waste paper”与“separate”之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，其结构是“be + done”，根据“every day”可知，此处用一般现在时态，所以用“are separated”。故选D。 9．—What language ________ in Canada, Jenny? —English and French. A．speak B．will speak C．is spoken D．will be spoken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——珍妮，加拿大说什么语言？——英语和法语。 考查动词时态。根据“What language…in Canada”可知此处在询问事实，需用一般现在时，排除B/D；主语是“language”与“speak”之间存在被动关系，需用结构be done。故选C。 10．—Good news! Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6 ________ to be put into use soon. —That’s great! It will be easier to get to Suzhou Museum. A．expects B．is expected C．is expecting D．will expect 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——好消息！苏州轨道交通6号线预计不久将投入使用。——太好了！去苏州博物馆将更容易了。 考查时态和语态。本句主语“Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6”与谓语动词有逻辑上的动宾关系，结合expect“期望”本身暗含将来，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态“is/ am/are done”表达，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选B。 11．The project ________ by the end of next month. A．will complete B．will be completed C．is completing D．has been completed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个项目将在下个月底前完成。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“The project ... by the end of next month.”可知，句子的主语The project是动作的承受者，时间状语by the end of next month表将来，此处要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。 12．—How is the case going on? —I’m not sure, but it ________ at this evening’s meeting. A．will discuss B．will be discussed C．discussed D．is discussed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个案子进展得怎么样了？——我不确定，但它将在今晚的会议上被讨论。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“at this evening’s meeting”可知，事情还未发生，要用一般将来时，“it”指代“the case”，案子是被讨论，要用被动语态，所以是一般将来时的被动语态，谓语动词构成是will be done。故选B。 13．If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police. A．fine B．fined C．are fined D．will be fined 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，我们将被警察罚款。 考查条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句，采用“主将从现”，故选D。 14．Water ________ ice if the weather is below zero. A．will be turned off B．will be turned to C．will be turned into D． will be turned up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果天气低于零度，水就会变成冰。 考查一般将来时的被动语态和动词短语。will be turned off将被关掉；will be turned to将被求助；will be turned into将被变成；will be turned up将出现。根据“Water...ice if the weather is below zero.”可知，此处表示水就会变成冰，故选C。 15．A lecture on the development in science and technology ________ in the hall next Monday. A．was given B．will be given C．is given D．will give 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下周一大厅将举办一场关于科学技术发展的讲座。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“next Monday”可知，此句用一般将来时；主语“A lecture”和谓语动词give是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done/be going to be done。故选B。 16．Many old houses around our school ________ next year and a large green area will appear. A．pull down B．will be pulled down C．will pull down D．are pulled down 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校周围的许多老房子明年将被拆除，一大片绿地将出现。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。pull down“拆毁”，主语many old houses与谓语动词pull down之间是被动语态，即be动词+过去分词；由“next year”可知，时态是一般将来时，所以be动词用一般将来时will be，pull的过去分词是pulled。故选B。 17．—I’m a bit forgetful and I’m afraid I will forget the meeting time. —Don’t be worried. You _________ of the time before it. A．will remind B．are reminded C．were reminded D．will be reminded 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我有点健忘，我担心我会忘记会面的时间。——别担心。在那之前有人会提醒你时间的。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据上一句中的“I will forget the meeting time.”可知句子应用一般将来时。remind sb. of sth.表示“提醒某人某事”，主语是You，说明句子应用被动语态，表示“某人被提醒某事”，因此其谓语结构为：will be reminded。故选D。 18．A great deal of energy ________ if we can follow the rules of 3R in our daily life. A．will save B．has saved C．are saved D．will be saved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们在日常生活中能够遵循 3R 规则，将会节省大量能源。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，主语“energy”和“save”之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 19．It’s reported that the ticket prices for key tourist sites in our country ________ soon. A．will reduce B．were reduced C．would be reduced D．will be reduced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，我国重点旅游景点的门票价格将很快下调。 考查动词时态和语态。从句的主语the ticket prices和 reduce之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；由soon可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done；故选D。 20．Hundreds of jobs _________ if the factory closes. A．lose B．will be lost C．are lost D．will lose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果这个工厂关门成百上千的工作将会失去。 根据if the factory closes.可知主句用一般将来时态，主语Hundreds of jobs和lose之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；lose一般现在时态的结构（主动语态），will be lost一般将来时态的被动语态，are lost一般现在时态的被动语态，will lose一般将来时态的结构（主动语态）；故选B。 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．Zhang Guimei is (admire) by many for setting up a school. 【答案】admired 【详解】句意：张桂梅因创办学校而受到许多人的钦佩。根据“Zhang Guimei is…”可知，主语Zhang Guimei与动词admire之间是被动关系，表示张桂梅被钦佩。且空前已有be动词is，此处应构成一般现在时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are+done，故动词需用过去分词形式。admire的过去分词是admired。故填admired。 22．This tool is (use) to fix bicycles. 【答案】used 【详解】句意：这个工具是用来修自行车的。根据句意可知，此句为被动语态，结构为“be+动词过去分词”，提示词“use”的过去分词为“used”。故填used。 23．In Chinese culture, the tiger is often (regard) as a symbol of power. 【答案】regarded 【详解】句意：在中国文化中，老虎通常被视为权力的象征。主语tiger与动词regard之间是被动关系，故此空应填过去分词，be regarded as“被视为……”。故填regarded。 24．In China, many lanterns （hang）everywhere during the Spring Festival. 【答案】are hung 【详解】句意：在中国，春节期间到处都挂灯笼。hang“悬挂”，动词。分析题干可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，且“春节期间到处都挂灯笼”是一般性情况，所以句子应用一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are done。主语是复数，be动词用are，过去分词为hung，故填are hung。 25．Thousands of bikes (make) in the factory every year. 【答案】are made 【详解】句意：这家工厂每年生产成千上万辆自行车。根据“Thousands of bikes”和英文提示词可知，该句为被动语态，根据“every year”可知，该句为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语结构是：be+动词的过去分词，主语“Thousands of bikes”是复数，be动词用“are”，“make”的过去分词是“made”。故填are made。 26．It’s reported that the high-speed railway station (complete) next year. 【答案】will be completed 【详解】句意：据报道，这座高铁站将于明年完工。根据“next year”可知，此句时态为一般将来时。complete“完成”，动词，与主语“the high-speed railway station”是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般将来时态的被动语态，结构为“will be done”。complete的过去分词为completed。故填will be completed。 27．You if you throw your rubbish everywhere in Jinshan Park. (punish） 【答案】will be punished 【详解】句意：如果你在金山公园到处扔垃圾，你将会被惩罚。根据“if you throw your rubbish everywhere in Jinshan Park.”可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句用了一般现在时，主句常用一般将来时，主句主语You与punish之间为被动关系，需一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done。故填will be punished。 28．A book (write) in order to let us remember that great artist soon. 【答案】will be written 【详解】为了让我们记住那位伟大的艺术家，很快我们将写一本书。根据时间状语“soon”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；分析句子可知，句子主语A book与谓语动词write之间是动宾关系，应使用被动语态，即一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为：will be+动词的过去分词；write的过去分词是written。故填will be written。 29．A new library (build) in two years. 【答案】will be built 【详解】句意：新图书馆将在两年内建成。主语“The new library”与动词build之间是动宾关系，结合“in two years”可知用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，build的过去分词是built。故填will be built。 30．Some people think they (cut) off from the outside world if they move to the countryside. 【答案】will be cut 【详解】句意：一些人认为，如果他们搬到农村，他们将与外面的世界隔绝。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，所以主句是将来时，由于主语they与谓语动词cut off是动宾关系，所以是将来时态的被动，其结构为will be done。故填will be cut。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．全球变暖是由过多的二氧化碳造成的。 Global warming too much carbon dioxide. 【答案】 is caused by 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表达“由……造成”，用短语“be caused by” 。句子描述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“Global warming（全球变暖）”是第三人称单数，所以“be”动词用“is” 。故填is；caused；by。 32．这个房间充满了阳光。 This room with sunshine. 【答案】 is filled 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“充满”。主语“This room”和“充满”之间是被动关系，需使用被动语态，其结构为“be+动词的过去分词”，结合本句，应使用be filled；本句时态为一般现在时，且主语This room是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故填is；filled。 33．这些书被纸覆盖着。 These books with paper. 【答案】 are covered 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“被……覆盖”。be covered with“被……覆盖”，句子为一般现在时态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are；covered。 34．青藏高原被称为“世界屋脊”。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau the “Roof of the World”. 【答案】 is known as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“被称为”。“被称为”在英文中常用“be known as”表达，主语The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau是单数专有名词，表示单数概念，因此be动词用is。故填is；known；as。 35．厚厚的白雪覆盖了一切。连湖泊与河流也都冻住了。 Everything in white snow. Even the lakes and rivers are frozen. 【答案】 is covered deep 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“覆盖”和“厚厚的”。“Everything”作主语，可知本句为被动语态（be+过去分词），该句可理解为“一切被厚厚的白雪覆盖”，由“Even the lakes and rivers are frozen.”可知本句为一般现在时，所以“被覆盖”对应的英文是“is covered”，主语是第三人称单数，“be”动词用“is”；而“厚厚的”对应形容词“deep”修饰“white snow”。故填is；covered；deep。 36．那天将会进行很多有意义的活动。 Many meaningful activities that day. 【答案】 will be held 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“将会进行”，句子为一般将来时。hold“举行，进行”，动词；主语“Many meaningful activities”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，所以此处需用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be done；hold的过去分词为held。故填will；be；held。 37．她将带上她的摄像机去记录下整个过程。 A video camera by her to record the whole process. 【答案】 will be taken 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“将带上”。主语为A video camera，所以此处指的是“摄像机将被带上”，应使用一般将来时被动语态，其结构为：will be done；take“拿”的过去分词为taken，故填will；be；taken。 38．他们将在下周上演一出新戏剧。 A new play next week. 【答案】 will be put on 【详解】“上演”put on，句子主语是“A new play”，和动词“上演”之间存在被动关系，且由“next week”可知，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will；be；put；on。 39．如果人们继续污染环境，更多的生物将会被杀死。 If people keep polluting the environment, are going to . 【答案】 more living things be killed 【详解】分析句子结构可知，if引导的条件状语从句已给出，第一个空格处为主句的主语“更多的生物”，应填more living things；又因“生物”与“杀死”之间为被动关系，要用被动语态，且are going to已给出，所以第二个空格处应填be killed。故填more living things；be killed。 40．不久之后，我们学校将会建立一个滑冰俱乐部。 A skating club will be in our school soon. 【答案】 set up 【详解】“建立”是动词短语set up，主语A skating club与动词短语set up存在逻辑上的被动关系，根据“will be”可知句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为：will be+过去分词。动词set的过去分词为set。故填set；up。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Career talks 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态 被动语态是由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 be 动词本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。 用法 1. 强调动作的承受者时 Mr. Green is respected by all of us. 2. 不必指出或不知动作的执行者时 Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 3. 动作的执行者是无生命的事物时 I was deeply impressed by the Great Wall. 结构（以动词 do 为例，过去分词为 done） 一般现在时的被动语态 am/ is/ are + done Chinese is spoken by many people. 一般将来时的被动语态 will be done A new library will be built next year. am/ is/ are going to be + done 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．A lot of trees ________ in our city every year. A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted 2．Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ every year and attracts millions of visitors. A．holds B．is held C．held D．was held 3．—Are you going to Sam’s birthday party the day after tomorrow? —I’m not sure. I will go with you if I ________. A．invite B．will be invited C．am invited D．invited 4．—I heard that smoking ________ many diseases. —Yes, it’s really bad for our health. We should stay away from it. A．is connected with B．has been connected to C．connects with D．connects to 5．Mobile payment ________ widely in China, and more and more people use it. A．use B．uses C．is used D．was used 6．Hurry up. Once the concert starts, nobody________ to enter the concert hall. A．allows B．is allowed C．allowed D．is allowing 7．—Mr. Wu, when can we start the science experiment (实验)? —Only after the safety rules ________ clearly. A．are explained B．will be explained C．were explained D．have explained 8．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better. A．separate B．were separated C．have separated D．are separated 9．—What language ________ in Canada, Jenny? —English and French. A．speak B．will speak C．is spoken D．will be spoken 10．—Good news! Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6 ________ to be put into use soon. —That’s great! It will be easier to get to Suzhou Museum. A．expects B．is expected C．is expecting D．will expect 11．The project ________ by the end of next month. A．will complete B．will be completed C．is completing D．has been completed 12．—How is the case going on? —I’m not sure, but it ________ at this evening’s meeting. A．will discuss B．will be discussed C．discussed D．is discussed 13．If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police. A．fine B．fined C．are fined D．will be fined 14．Water ________ ice if the weather is below zero. A．will be turned off B．will be turned to C．will be turned into D． will be turned up 15．A lecture on the development in science and technology ________ in the hall next Monday. A．was given B．will be given C．is given D．will give 16．Many old houses around our school ________ next year and a large green area will appear. A．pull down B．will be pulled down C．will pull down D．are pulled down 17．—I’m a bit forgetful and I’m afraid I will forget the meeting time. —Don’t be worried. You _________ of the time before it. A．will remind B．are reminded C．were reminded D．will be reminded 18．A great deal of energy ________ if we can follow the rules of 3R in our daily life. A．will save B．has saved C．are saved D．will be saved 19．It’s reported that the ticket prices for key tourist sites in our country ________ soon. A．will reduce B．were reduced C．would be reduced D．will be reduced 20．Hundreds of jobs _________ if the factory closes. A．lose B．will be lost C．are lost D．will lose 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．Zhang Guimei is (admire) by many for setting up a school. 22．This tool is (use) to fix bicycles. 23．In Chinese culture, the tiger is often (regard) as a symbol of power. 24．In China, many lanterns （hang）everywhere during the Spring Festival. 25．Thousands of bikes (make) in the factory every year. 26．It’s reported that the high-speed railway station (complete) next year. 27．You if you throw your rubbish everywhere in Jinshan Park. (punish） 28．A book (write) in order to let us remember that great artist soon. 29．A new library (build) in two years. 30．Some people think they (cut) off from the outside world if they move to the countryside. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．全球变暖是由过多的二氧化碳造成的。 Global warming too much carbon dioxide. 32．这个房间充满了阳光。 This room with sunshine. 33．这些书被纸覆盖着。 These books with paper. 34．青藏高原被称为“世界屋脊”。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau the “Roof of the World”. 35．厚厚的白雪覆盖了一切。连湖泊与河流也都冻住了。 Everything in white snow. Even the lakes and rivers are frozen. 36．那天将会进行很多有意义的活动。 Many meaningful activities that day. 37．她将带上她的摄像机去记录下整个过程。 A video camera by her to record the whole process. 38．他们将在下周上演一出新戏剧。 A new play next week. 39．如果人们继续污染环境，更多的生物将会被杀死。 If people keep polluting the environment, are going to . 40．不久之后，我们学校将会建立一个滑冰俱乐部。 A skating club will be in our school soon. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $