Unit 6 过去进行时语法 讲义 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

过去进行时 一、语法定义 过去进行时用于表示过去某个具体时间点/时间段内正在进行的动作，或过去某一阶段持续发生的动作。其核心结构为助动词was/were + 动词现在分词（v.-ing），助动词的选择由主语人称和数决定： · 第一人称单数（I）、第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）→ was · 第二人称（you）、复数主语（we/they/复数名词）→ were 标志词： 1　 （过去具体的时间点）：at 8 o'clock last night、this time yesterday、at that time、 2　 （过去的时间段）the whole morning、all day yesterday、from...to...yesterday 3　 （过去时的时间状语从句） 由while、when等引导。 动词现在分词(v-ing形式)的变化规律： 类别 规则 例句 一般情况下 直接 + ing play --playing 以不发音的字母 e 结尾 去e + ing dance -- dancing 以 辅元辅 结尾 双写尾字母 + ing run -- running 少数以 ie 结尾的动词 变ie为y + ing lie/die/tie --lying/dying/tying 二、核心用法（附典型例句） 用法1：表过去具体时间点正在进行的动作 常搭配at 7 p.m. yesterday、this time last night、when the phone rang等具体时间状语，聚焦动作在过去某一刻的进行状态。 · 例句：She was writing a letter at 8 o’clock yesterday evening.（昨晚八点她正在写信） · 例句：What were you doing when the earthquake happened?（地震发生时你正在做什么？） 用法2：表过去时间段内持续进行的动作 常搭配from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon、all day last Sunday、the whole morning等时间段状语，强调动作在过去某段时间的延续性。 · 例句：They were planting trees from morning to afternoon yesterday.（昨天他们从早到晚都在种树） · 例句：I was studying English the whole night last night.（昨晚我一整晚都在学英语） 用法3：表过去两个动作同时进行 用while连接，可接两个过去进行时（表动作同步持续），也可接一个过去进行时、一个一般过去时（表短暂动作打断持续动作）。 · 同步持续：While my mom was cooking, my dad was reading a newspaper.（妈妈做饭时，爸爸在看报纸） · 动作打断：While I was walking to school, I met my old friend.（我步行去学校时，遇到了老朋友） 用法4：表过去计划好的即将发生的动作 go、come、leave、arrive、start等移动性动词的过去进行时，可表示过去计划中即将发生的动作。 · 例句：He was leaving for New York the next day.（他第二天就要动身去纽约了） · 例句：They were coming to our party last Saturday.（上周六他们本打算来参加我们的派对） 三、易混点深度辨析 1. 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时 ①区别一：过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。 ② 区别二：有些动词可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时: 1. 表示心理状态、情感/精神活动的动词，如love、hate、like、know、agree、believe等。 2. 部分连系动词，如seem、appear等。 3. 感官动词，如see、hear、smell、sound、taste等。 4. 短暂性动词，如decide、stop等。 5. 表拥有的belong、owe（欠（某物））、own等。 例句： 错误：I was knowing him. (我当时正在认识他。) 正确：I knew him. (我认识他。) ③区别三：一般过去时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”；而过去进行时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示动作的重复，常常有感情色彩。 例句： She always got up at 6 o'clock when she was in middle school.（一般过去时） He was always losing his keys when he was a teenager, which made his mother angry.（过去进行时） ④区别四：有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时，但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的；而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。 一般过去时（表深思熟虑）：We chose this hotel because of its good service.（我们因为这家酒店服务好才选了它。） 过去进行时（表随意）：She was deciding to study abroad just then.（她那会儿随口想着要出国留学。） 2. 过去进行时中when、while和as（“当…的时候”）的用法： 引导词 用法 when/as 既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间，其引导的从句中的谓语动词 表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的，也可以是延续性的； while 指一段时间，其引导的从句中的动作是延续性 如：There were already many people in the meeting room when he arrived. 他到场时会议室已有很多人。 While Millie was watching TV, her mum was sleeping. 米莉在看电视时她妈妈在睡觉。 I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning. 今天早晨我骑车上学时看见一起交通事故。 · 【易错点提示】: 1. 谓语动词必须是延续性的。指一段时间时，when、while和as都可用； 指某一点时间时，只能用when或as，不能用while。 如：When/As he woke up, it was eight o'clock. (√) While he woke up, it was eight o'clock. (×) 2. 当某个动作正在进行时，又发生了另一动作，常用“一般过去时 + when/while/as + 过去进行时”结构，过去进行时动作成为一般过去时动作发生的“背景”。 如：It began to rain heavily when/while/as we were having dinner. 3. 谈论两个同时进行的长动作，常用“过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时”结构。 如：They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill. 4. 强调某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生，常用“过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时”结构 。 如：I was walking in the street when he called me. 其他意思： ①when：就在这时，突然。 I was walking in the street when he called me.我正在街上走时，他突然喊我。 ②while：然而（表对比） ③as：因为/作为/有一种特殊用法，用于两个平行结构。表示一个主语同时进行两个动作；一种状态随另一种状态的变化而变化.（意为：一边做…一边做…/随着…） As he grew older，he became more confident. 随着年龄的增长他变得更加自信。 3.过去进行时的特殊用法 ①表示临时性 这种用法侧重动作并非长期的习惯性行为，只是过去某一阶段临时发生的，常和“for a time”“during...”等时间状语搭配。 例句1：He was working as a waiter in a restaurant during his summer vacation.（暑假期间，他在一家餐馆临时当服务员。） 例句2：My sister was living in Beijing for a month last year.（去年我姐姐在北京临时住了一个月。） ② 表示计划 用来表达过去已经计划好要做，但最终因为某些原因没能完成的动作，常和“be going to”结构呼应，也可搭配“the next day”这类表将来的时间状语。 例句1：We were going to climb the mountain, but it started to rain heavily.（我们本计划去爬山，却下起了大雨。） 例句2：She was meeting her friend at the station the next morning, but she missed the bus.（她本打算第二天早上去车站接朋友，却错过了公交车。） ③ 表示委婉语气 用过去进行时（如was/were wondering/asking）提出请求、询问或表达想法，比一般过去时、一般现在时的语气更委婉，能减少表达的生硬感。 例句1：I was wondering if you could lend me your English textbook.（我想知道你能否借我你的英语课本。） 例句2：She was asking whether we would join the party this weekend.（她想问我们这个周末是否参加派对。） ④ 表示重复 和always、constantly、forever等频度副词连用，强调动作在过去反复发生，且往往带有抱怨、厌烦、赞扬、无奈等感情色彩。 例句1：He was always interrupting the teacher in class last term, which made everyone annoyed.（上学期他总在课堂上打断老师，让大家都很恼火。）（抱怨） 例句2：My grandma was forever telling us stories about her childhood when we stayed with her.（我们和奶奶住在一起时，她总给我们讲她的童年故事。）（温馨/怀念） 语法习题 一．用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.While we ______ (mop) the floor, the telephone suddenly rang. 2.We ______ (leave) for Beijing the next day, so we bought a lot of snacks. 3. It was she that stole the box. Look, she was ______ (lie) to everyone! 4. The children ______ (swim) when they ______ (hear) a big noise outside. Later they knew a huge tree ______ (fall) down because of the strong wind at that time. 5.You should say “thanks” when (accept) a gift. 二．单选题。 1. I was observing and copying the behaviors of my cat ______ my mom came in ______ with shock. A. when; freezing B. while; frozen C. when; frozen D. while; freezing 2. We were all surprised when we made ______ clear that he ______ the company sooner or later. A. that; would leave B. it; was leaving C. that; left D. it; will leave 3. During the earthquake last year, many people ______ in their houses and ______ for help. A. were trapped; cried B. trapped; were crying C. were trapped; were crying D. trapped; cried 4.While the singer ______ on the stage, the fans ______ loudly and waved their light sticks. A. sang; cheered B. was singing; were cheering C. sang; were cheering D. was singing; cheered 5.During the heavy snowstorm, the workers ______ the roads all night so that people could travel safely the next day. A. cleared B. were clearing C. clear D. are clearing 6．________ days went by, Jack grew into a tall young man. A．As B．When C．While D．Since 7.—Alex, why didn’t you answer my call at nine last night? —Sorry. I my mobile phone at home. I basketball in the park with my friends. A. forgot; played B. forgot; was playing C. left; played D. left; was playing 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $