词汇专题04 五年中考+三年模拟完形填空高频词串讲及链接（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题04 五年中考+三年模拟完形填空高频词串讲及链接 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★考点一 动词类 3 ★考点二 名词类 6 ★考点三 形容词类 8 ★考点四 副词类 9 04 优题精选·练能提分 11 考点 课标要求 复习目标 情感类词汇辨析 · 考查学生在阅读理解基础上对词汇、固定搭配、语境理解及逻辑推理的综合能力。 · 需通过上下文推断答案，确保语义连贯和语法正确。 · 强调 “完形服从完义”“局部服从全局” 原则，即选项需符合整体篇章逻辑和主题一致性。 · 准确匹配词义、词性转换（如形容词转名词、动词转名词）、同义词的语体差异，以及固定搭配（如短语动词）。 · 需掌握篇章功能（如因果、转折、并列关系）和衔接手段（如连词、代词指代），通过上下文线索（如时间状语、情感词）推断答案。 1.系统复习并掌握高频名、动、形、副四类词汇，强化在复杂语境中的辨别能力； 2. 熟练运用高频词汇及固定搭配； 3. 掌握“语境分析+逻辑推理+词汇辨析”解题逻辑。 动作类词汇运用‌ 名词/形容词/副词语境匹配‌ 固定搭配 命题预测 1.语篇选材更贴近学生生活（如校园经历、家庭温情、成长感悟），高频词重复考查率高（如confidence、challenge、kindness等词在近5年真题中出现≥3次）。 2.核心素养导向明显：情感类词汇考查侧重“共情能力”（如理解人物情绪变化选择对应词汇），逻辑关系考查侧重“思维严谨性”（如根据转折/因果等关系做出正确选择）。 3.减少孤立词汇考查，更注重“词汇在语境中的灵活运用”，如同一词汇（如work）在不同语境中表示“工作”“起作用”等不同含义。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：根据 “完义优先” 原则 先通读全文，把握篇章主旨与情感基调，牢记 “局部服从全局”，不纠结单个空，确保选项符合整体逻辑。 锦囊 2：锁定 “情感线索” 关注文中情感类词汇（如 happy, upset, confident），结合上下文情绪变化，选择匹配的情感词汇，体现 “共情能力”。 锦囊 3：抓住 “逻辑信号词” 识别连词（but, so, because）、代词（it, they）等衔接手段，判断因果、转折、并列等逻辑关系，据此推导答案。 锦囊 4：运用 “固定搭配” 积累高频短语动词（如 take up, give up），遇到熟悉搭配直接锁定选项，提高解题速度；遇到陌生短语，从介词或者副词入手，大胆猜测。 锦囊 5：辨析 “词汇差异” 区分同义词的语体、词性转换（如 kind→kindness）及一词多义（如 work 表 “工作 / 起作用”），结合语境精准选择。 锦囊 6：验证 “语义连贯” 填完选项后复读全文，检查语法是否正确、语义是否连贯，确保每个空都符合上下文逻辑。 考点一 动词类（动作逻辑与语境匹配） 1. 根据动作先后正确选择 该维度侧重考查动词时态与动作发生顺序的对应，是完形填空动词考点的高频方向。近五年中考完形填空中共出现7次，模考题中常以“连续动作场景”命题，如日常活动、突发事件、故事叙述等，核心是通过语境判断动作的先后层级。 核心解题原则 1）有明确时间标志词：优先根据标志词判断时态，确定动作先后 表“先于……发生”：by the time, before, when（引导的从句动作先发生） 表“后于……发生”：after, then, later 2）无明确标志词（隐含先后）：通过故事发展的逻辑顺序判断，选择符合“先做A，再做B”的动词形式。 解题锦囊 通读整段，梳理动作链（谁做了什么，按什么顺序做）。 2. 根据情感色彩匹配语境 维度考查动词词义与语境情感基调的一致性，近五年中考完形填空中出现6次，模考题常以“人物心理变化、事件情感走向”为命题背景，如感动、遗憾、惊喜、焦虑等场景。 选项特征：动词词义相近，但情感色彩不同（褒义/贬义/中性）。 核心解题原则 1）判断语境情感基调：通读上下文，确定段落是“褒义（积极、正面）”“贬义（消极、负面）”还是“中性（客观叙述）”。 2）匹配动词的情感色彩： 褒义语境：优先选表示积极动作的词（如 help, praise, encourage, support）。 贬义语境：优先选表示消极动作的词（如 refuse, disappoint, complain, ruin）。 中性语境：选客观描述动作的词（如 say, stand, take, see）。 解题锦囊 关注上下文的情感线索词（如 happy, sad, angry, proud, disappointed）。 排除与语境情感色彩相反的动词选项，缩小选择范围。 3. 根据逻辑关系合理推断 该维度考查动词词义与上下文逻辑关系的契合度，是完形填空动词考点的难点，近五年中考完形填空中出现8次，模考题常涉及因果、转折、条件、递进四种逻辑关系。 选项特征：动词词义差异较大，需通过逻辑关系锁定答案。 核心解题原则 1)识别逻辑关系标志词： 逻辑关系 常见标志词 动词选择方向 because, so, therefore, as a result 选体现“原因→结果”的动词（如 cause, lead to, solve） but, however, while, instead 选与前文动作“相反”的动词（如 stop vs continue, accept vs refuse） if, unless, as long as 选符合“条件成立→动作发生”的动词 besides, what’s more, even 选比前文动作“程度更深”的动词（如 like vs love, know vs understand） 2)无标志词时，通过“语义呼应”推断：后文动作是对前文动作的延伸、转折或补充。 1．（2025·北京） And I thought that this was the perfect chance to get the recipe (制作方法), and that I could actually have a time to with him. ... I was shocked. I knew that he was beginning to forget things, but I didn’t think he would forget this. It was our .... It was our time of bonding (联络感情). My heart ached. “We’re making the apple cake. You know, we always make a cake on New Year’s Day.” A．compare B．connect C．study D．perform 2.（2024·北京） Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favorite horse Piper finished second in the obstacle course (障碍赛赛道) race. “I’m scared of Harley, and he’s too hard to ,” Serena told Rose. “Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” A．refuse B．raise C．cheat D．control 考点二 名词类（语境语义匹配） 1. 复现 复现是完形填空最直接的解题线索，指的是同一个词、同义词、近义词或同根词在上下文里重复出现，帮助你锁定答案。北京中考和模考题非常喜欢用这种“前后呼应”的逻辑来设置考点。 常见类型 原词复现：比如前文提到 problem，后文空格处再次出现 problem。 同义/近义复现：前文用 difficulty，后文用 trouble 表达相同含义。 同根词复现：前文用 important，后文用 importance。 2. 逻辑关系 名词的选择必须符合上下文的逻辑关系，比如因果、转折、并列、递进等。近几年考题常通过逻辑连接词（如 because, but, and, so）来提示这种关系。 常见逻辑与对应思路 因果关系：because, so → 原因和结果对应的名词要匹配。 转折关系：but, however → 前后名词的语义要相反。 并列关系：and, or → 前后名词的性质、范畴要一致。 3. 情感色彩 名词本身带有积极、消极或中性的情感色彩，解题时要确保所选名词的情感色彩与上下文的整体基调一致。 色彩分类 积极：success, joy, pride, hope 消极：failure, sadness, danger, trouble 中性：fact, information, result Eg. When I saw the look of ______ on my mother’s face, I knew I had made her happy. A. pleasure B. worry C. pain D. fear 解析：后文 happy 是积极情绪，所以前面的名词也需要是积极色彩，pleasure（愉悦）符合语境。 答案：A 易错点提醒 避免主观臆断：不要仅凭单词含义选择，必须结合上下文的具体情节。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·北京）At the hospital, everyone was surrounding (围绕) him, creating some . Grandpa looked down at the cake, and then looked back up at me and smiled. And I felt memories of our shared moments flooding back to him. A．space B．wealth C．magic D．warmth 2.（2025·北京）“Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” Serena decided that it was time for a fresh . “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley .... A．answer B．memory C．start D．topic 考点三 形容词类（情感/特征描述匹配） 形容词考点高频聚焦情感类形容词和特征类形容词，要求考生根据上下文语境、人物行为或事件发展，匹配最贴合的形容词。 情感类形容词：如 happy, upset, surprised, disappointed, proud 等，侧重体现人物的情绪变化。 特征类形容词：如 brave, patient, careful, generous, reliable 等，侧重描述人/物的性格、品质或属性。 副词考点主要考查方式副词、程度副词、时间副词，核心功能是修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，体现动作的方式、状态的程度或事件的时间顺序。 1.语境逻辑匹配 1)定位形容词修饰的对象（人/物/事件） 2)查找上下文的情感线索（如人物的动作、语言、结果） 2.匹配与线索一致的形容词 Eg. She felt ______ when she found her lost notebook with the help of her classmate. 选项：A. worried B. relaxed C. terrified D. lonely 解析：线索“found her lost notebook”→ 情绪应为“放松的”，选B 3.情感色彩一致 (1)判断语境的褒贬性（积极/消极/中性） (2)排除与语境色彩相反的选项 Eg. It was a ______ experience for him to climb the mountain in the heavy rain. He almost fell down several times. A. pleasant B. dangerous C. exciting D. comfortable 【答案】B 【解析】线索“almost fell down”→ 消极语境，选B。 4.固定搭配验证 部分形容词与特定名词/动词有固定搭配，需积累常见搭配：如 be grateful to sb. 感激某人； be strict with sb. 对某人严格；be pleased with ...对...满意。 1. （2025·北京）The New Year party was usually held at my aunt’s house and my favorite part was the apple cake. At the age of 11, when I first found out that my grandfather, who was never in the kitchen, was the master behind it, I was greatly . A．surprised B．worried C．scared D．satisfied 2.（2024·北京）Serena felt and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley, the tallest horse, but she stayed hopeful. As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off. She landed on the hard ground, her eyes filled with tears. A．stupid B．disappointed C．comfortable D．lucky 考点四 副词类（动作/状态修饰匹配） 1.常考副词分类： 方式副词：如 quickly, carefully, silently, bravely 等，修饰动作的执行方式。 程度副词：如 nearly, almost, quite, hardly 等，修饰形容词/副词的程度。 时间/逻辑副词：如 suddenly, finally, however, therefore 等，体现语境的逻辑关系。 2.修饰对象匹配： 1)确定副词修饰的核心成分（动词/形容词/句子） 2)选择能准确描述该成分特征的副词 Eg. The little girl ______ opened the gift box, afraid of breaking the beautiful package. A. angrily B. carelessly C. carefully D. excitedly 【答案】C 【解析】修饰动词opened，线索“afraid of breaking”→ 动作方式为“小心地”，选C。 3.逻辑关系一致 (1)分析上下文的逻辑（转折/因果/递进/时间顺序） (2)选择符合逻辑的连接性副词 Eg. He tried many times to solve the problem. ______, he succeeded with the teacher’s help. A. Firstly B. Secondly C. Finally D. Suddenly 【答案】C 【解析】前文“tried many times”→ 后文“succeeded”为最终结果，选C。 4.语义程度契合 程度副词需与语境中的程度描述匹配，注意区分强弱程度 常见程度副词强弱排序： totally/completely > quite/very > nearly/almost > hardly/seldom。近几年试题中考查nearly较多。 1．（2025·北京） Since then, I would go to my aunt’s early on the morning of New Year’s Day, and we’d make the cake together happily. I was amazed that Grandpa could peel an apple in one rind. And we’d mix everything and put it into the oven. Once the cake was done, the house would immediately smell like apples. But as I got older, so did Grandpa. One New Year’s Day, as I was taking out the apples from the shopping bag as usual, he looked at me and said, “Sophia, what are you doing?” A．cheerfully B．proudly C．nervously D．curiously 2.（2024·北京） “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley . After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer. She then led Harley for a walk around the ring so that he could get used to being with her and following her directions. A．angrily B．softly C．curiously D．sadly Passage 1 （2023·北京·中考真题） Be What’s Missing Where was that cashier (收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch. I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work. I looked around the nearly empty 1 , but the cashier was nowhere in sight. A woman stood wiping (擦) the far end of the counter. She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes. I 2 , getting angry. I’d been standing there for at least three minutes! Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom’s words. “Whenever you find yourself in an unpleasant situation, just think about what is missing. If someone is unkind, then kindness is missing. If someone is hateful, then 3 is missing. If we will be what’s missing, then we’ll provide whatever the situation needs.” And here I was in an unpleasant situation. How should I “be what’s missing”? What was missing was 4 . Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. Just then the woman walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked, still 5 . She looked so tired. No doubt, she was overworked. I took a deep breath. With Mom’s words ringing in my head, I gave the woman my order ... and smiled. “How are you today?” My question seemed to 6 her. She eyed me for a second before answering. “Not too good.” “I’m sorry.” I said. “I hope it gets better starting right now.” She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope you’re right.” I thought to myself as I ate my sandwich. We’re all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt. We need to be 7 to each other. After eating, I wiped the table cleaner than usual, and put the tray (托盘) back nicely on the stand. The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face. “Be what’s missing.” It 8 . 1．A．restaurant B．street C．school D．office 2．A．agreed B．finished C．waited D．left 3．A．trust B．love C．patience D．confidence 4．A．hope B．advice C．money D．service 5．A．nervously B．carefully C．coldly D．kindly 6．A．disappoint B．hurt C．trouble D．surprise 7．A．nicer B．cooler C．closer D．fairer 8．A．said B．worked C．read D．ended Passage 2 （2022·北京·中考真题） Our Christmas Goose On a cold morning that December, my brother Rick and I were sent to Uncle Tommie’s on the other side of Little Mountain to get a goose for Christmas dinner. This long journey over the mountain was hard but worth it. That morning, dark clouds were coming together overhead. I knew it was going to snow on the 1 . When we arrived, Uncle Tommie was already waiting for us. “Boys, I’m not 2 you off,” he said, “but the wind is picking up. You’d better get the goose and head for home soon.” After a quick thank-you and goodbye I took the goose and we left. Halfway up the mountain, it began to snow heavily. I held the goose 3 to me. By the time we reached the top of the mountain. it snowed more heavily. And the wind seemed to blow straight through my coat. I stepped in front of Rick. “You must be cold. Open your coat!” “Are you crazy?” Rick asked. “I’ll lose what little warmth I have!” When he saw I was 4 , he slowly opened his coat. I placed the warm goose inside his coat. Rick sighed happily (舒了口气). My plan was 5 . On the way down, I started to shiver (发抖). Rick said. “Dave. it's your turn now.” He passed me the goose. For a long moment, I just stood and 6 my freezing(冰冷的) hands on his body. We passed the goose back and forth (来回地) between us all the way. Finally, We got home. Sitting at the table, we explained how the goose kept us from freezing. “We can’t have him for dinner! This goose helped 7 our lives,” I said. Later, we named the goose Charley and he lived out his life in the yard, bossing around the chickens and another goose we bought to keep him company. A life as the most important bird was fitting for our 8 . 1．A．mountain B．island C．lake D．beach 2．A．paying B．rushing C．showing D．calling 3．A．lightly B．secretly C．high D．close 4．A．frightened B．regretful C．serious D．surprised 5．A．working B．continuing C．improving D．changing 6．A．raised B．dried C．warmed D．examined 7．A．spare B．save C．treasure D．give 8．A．leader B．boss C．guide D．hero Passage 3 （2025·北京海淀·二模） On a stormy evening, Thomas was walking home from school alone as usual. The strong wind was blowing. His heart seemed especially 1 with his backpack full of unshared jokes and uneaten cookie halves. Suddenly, he heard a weak meow from the overflowing trash cans outside Mrs. Rosen’s house. Kneeling down beside the trash cans, he saw a small gray cat whose foot was bleeding. Thomas took the cookies from his bag. His hands, usually clumsy (笨拙的) during games, moved 2 towards the shaking cat. Sensing no danger, the cat ate the cookies quickly and meowed again. Unable to find any help in the storm, Thomas held the cat, 3 it under his raincoat and took it home. That night, Thomas faced his first challenge—the cat needed more than Band-Aids and milk. At 10:17 p. m., he typed “cat emergency” on the phone and 4 John, a classmate whose animal rescue (救助) project he secretly admired. To his surprise, John quickly replied, “On my way! Bring cat food!” Those six words lit up Thomas’s dark bedroom like the bright sunshine. The next seven days totally changed Thomas's lonely routine. Mr. Miller, the owner of the pet store, taught him to prepare cat food. John became a daily visitor. His talk filled Thomas’s once-silent afternoons as they 5 names for the cat, who was finally named Whiskers. Even Mr. Evans, who lived next door and always answered coldly to Thomas’s greeting, started sharing fish cans and stories of his old cat. Thanks to Thomas’s nursing, Whiskers got well completely. On a sunny morning when Thomas was playing with Whiskers happily on the floor, three unexpected guests came with 6 —John with flea medicine, Lily with a handmade cat bed and Sarah with a ball. They talked and joked, enjoying a pleasant morning. Their 7 mixed with Whiskers’s purrs. Thomas found that being around people didn’t scare him as much anymore. The playground still buzzed too loud, and group projects still made him nervous, but now when Thomas walked home, John was often with him to check on Whiskers. In learning to speak a cat’s language, Thomas had accidentally 8 his heart to translate other human voices too—not as fears, but as possibilities waiting to be answered. 1．A．heavy B．cool C．quiet D．strange 2．A．proudly B．carefully C．politely D．seriously 3．A．trained B．cleaned C．hid D．threw 4．A．greeted B．followed C．thanked D．messaged 5．A．discussed B．borrowed C．brought D．kept 6．A．games B．ideas C．gifts D．rules 7．A．progress B．laughter C．stress D．fear 8．A．broke B．saved C．closed D．taught 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 五年中考+三年模拟完形填空高频词串讲及链接 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★考点一 动词类 3 ★考点二 名词类 6 ★考点三 形容词类 8 ★考点四 副词类 10 04 优题精选·练能提分 12 考点 课标要求 复习目标 情感类词汇辨析 · 考查学生在阅读理解基础上对词汇、固定搭配、语境理解及逻辑推理的综合能力。 · 需通过上下文推断答案，确保语义连贯和语法正确。 · 强调 “完形服从完义”“局部服从全局” 原则，即选项需符合整体篇章逻辑和主题一致性。 · 准确匹配词义、词性转换（如形容词转名词、动词转名词）、同义词的语体差异，以及固定搭配（如短语动词）。 · 需掌握篇章功能（如因果、转折、并列关系）和衔接手段（如连词、代词指代），通过上下文线索（如时间状语、情感词）推断答案。 1.系统复习并掌握高频名、动、形、副四类词汇，强化在复杂语境中的辨别能力； 2. 熟练运用高频词汇及固定搭配； 3. 掌握“语境分析+逻辑推理+词汇辨析”解题逻辑。 动作类词汇运用‌ 名词/形容词/副词语境匹配‌ 固定搭配 命题预测 1.语篇选材更贴近学生生活（如校园经历、家庭温情、成长感悟），高频词重复考查率高（如confidence、challenge、kindness等词在近5年真题中出现≥3次）。 2.核心素养导向明显：情感类词汇考查侧重“共情能力”（如理解人物情绪变化选择对应词汇），逻辑关系考查侧重“思维严谨性”（如根据转折/因果等关系做出正确选择）。 3.减少孤立词汇考查，更注重“词汇在语境中的灵活运用”，如同一词汇（如work）在不同语境中表示“工作”“起作用”等不同含义。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：根据 “完义优先” 原则 先通读全文，把握篇章主旨与情感基调，牢记 “局部服从全局”，不纠结单个空，确保选项符合整体逻辑。 锦囊 2：锁定 “情感线索” 关注文中情感类词汇（如 happy, upset, confident），结合上下文情绪变化，选择匹配的情感词汇，体现 “共情能力”。 锦囊 3：抓住 “逻辑信号词” 识别连词（but, so, because）、代词（it, they）等衔接手段，判断因果、转折、并列等逻辑关系，据此推导答案。 锦囊 4：运用 “固定搭配” 积累高频短语动词（如 take up, give up），遇到熟悉搭配直接锁定选项，提高解题速度；遇到陌生短语，从介词或者副词入手，大胆猜测。 锦囊 5：辨析 “词汇差异” 区分同义词的语体、词性转换（如 kind→kindness）及一词多义（如 work 表 “工作 / 起作用”），结合语境精准选择。 锦囊 6：验证 “语义连贯” 填完选项后复读全文，检查语法是否正确、语义是否连贯，确保每个空都符合上下文逻辑。 考点一 动词类（动作逻辑与语境匹配） 1. 根据动作先后正确选择 该维度侧重考查动词时态与动作发生顺序的对应，是完形填空动词考点的高频方向。近五年中考完形填空中共出现7次，模考题中常以“连续动作场景”命题，如日常活动、突发事件、故事叙述等，核心是通过语境判断动作的先后层级。 核心解题原则 1）有明确时间标志词：优先根据标志词判断时态，确定动作先后 表“先于……发生”：by the time, before, when（引导的从句动作先发生） 表“后于……发生”：after, then, later 2）无明确标志词（隐含先后）：通过故事发展的逻辑顺序判断，选择符合“先做A，再做B”的动词形式。 解题锦囊 通读整段，梳理动作链（谁做了什么，按什么顺序做）。 2. 根据情感色彩匹配语境 维度考查动词词义与语境情感基调的一致性，近五年中考完形填空中出现6次，模考题常以“人物心理变化、事件情感走向”为命题背景，如感动、遗憾、惊喜、焦虑等场景。 选项特征：动词词义相近，但情感色彩不同（褒义/贬义/中性）。 核心解题原则 1）判断语境情感基调：通读上下文，确定段落是“褒义（积极、正面）”“贬义（消极、负面）”还是“中性（客观叙述）”。 2）匹配动词的情感色彩： 褒义语境：优先选表示积极动作的词（如 help, praise, encourage, support）。 贬义语境：优先选表示消极动作的词（如 refuse, disappoint, complain, ruin）。 中性语境：选客观描述动作的词（如 say, stand, take, see）。 解题锦囊 关注上下文的情感线索词（如 happy, sad, angry, proud, disappointed）。 排除与语境情感色彩相反的动词选项，缩小选择范围。 3. 根据逻辑关系合理推断 该维度考查动词词义与上下文逻辑关系的契合度，是完形填空动词考点的难点，近五年中考完形填空中出现8次，模考题常涉及因果、转折、条件、递进四种逻辑关系。 选项特征：动词词义差异较大，需通过逻辑关系锁定答案。 核心解题原则 1)识别逻辑关系标志词： 逻辑关系 常见标志词 动词选择方向 因果关系 because, so, therefore, as a result 选体现“原因→结果”的动词（如 cause, lead to, solve） 转折关系 but, however, while, instead 选与前文动作“相反”的动词（如 stop vs continue, accept vs refuse） 条件关系 if, unless, as long as 选符合“条件成立→动作发生”的动词 递进关系 besides, what’s more, even 选比前文动作“程度更深”的动词（如 like vs love, know vs understand） 2)无标志词时，通过“语义呼应”推断：后文动作是对前文动作的延伸、转折或补充。 1．（2025·北京） And I thought that this was the perfect chance to get the recipe (制作方法), and that I could actually have a time to with him. ... I was shocked. I knew that he was beginning to forget things, but I didn’t think he would forget this. It was our .... It was our time of bonding (联络感情). My heart ached. “We’re making the apple cake. You know, we always make a cake on New Year’s Day.” A．compare B．connect C．study D．perform 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我认为这是获得食谱的绝佳机会，我实际上可以有时间和他联系。 compare比较；connect连接；study学习；perform表演。根据“ and that I could actually have a time to…with him.”及后文提到的“bonding”可知，此处指有时间可以和祖父联系。故选B。 2.（2024·北京） Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favorite horse Piper finished second in the obstacle course (障碍赛赛道) race. “I’m scared of Harley, and he’s too hard to ,” Serena told Rose. “Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” A．refuse B．raise C．cheat D．control 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“我害怕Harley，他太难控制了，”Serena告诉Rose。 refuse拒绝；raise升起；cheat作弊；control控制。根据上文“As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off.”及语境可知，当Serena试图骑到Harley的背上时，Harley用后腿直立了起来，把Serena甩了下去，因此Serena觉得Harley很难控制。control“控制”符合语境。故选D。 考点二 名词类（语境语义匹配） 1. 复现 复现是完形填空最直接的解题线索，指的是同一个词、同义词、近义词或同根词在上下文里重复出现，帮助你锁定答案。北京中考和模考题非常喜欢用这种“前后呼应”的逻辑来设置考点。 常见类型 原词复现：比如前文提到 problem，后文空格处再次出现 problem。 同义/近义复现：前文用 difficulty，后文用 trouble 表达相同含义。 同根词复现：前文用 important，后文用 importance。 2. 逻辑关系 名词的选择必须符合上下文的逻辑关系，比如因果、转折、并列、递进等。近几年考题常通过逻辑连接词（如 because, but, and, so）来提示这种关系。 常见逻辑与对应思路 因果关系：because, so → 原因和结果对应的名词要匹配。 转折关系：but, however → 前后名词的语义要相反。 并列关系：and, or → 前后名词的性质、范畴要一致。 3. 情感色彩 名词本身带有积极、消极或中性的情感色彩，解题时要确保所选名词的情感色彩与上下文的整体基调一致。 色彩分类 积极：success, joy, pride, hope 消极：failure, sadness, danger, trouble 中性：fact, information, result Eg. When I saw the look of ______ on my mother’s face, I knew I had made her happy. A. pleasure B. worry C. pain D. fear 解析：后文 happy 是积极情绪，所以前面的名词也需要是积极色彩，pleasure（愉悦）符合语境。 答案：A 易错点提醒 避免主观臆断：不要仅凭单词含义选择，必须结合上下文的具体情节。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·北京）At the hospital, everyone was surrounding (围绕) him, creating some . Grandpa looked down at the cake, and then looked back up at me and smiled. And I felt memories of our shared moments flooding back to him. A．space B．wealth C．magic D．warmth 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在医院里，每个人都围着他，制造了一些温暖。 space空间；wealth财富；magic魔法；warmth温暖。根据“At the hospital, everyone was surrounding (围绕) him, creating some…and smiled.”可知，每个人都围绕着祖父，营造了一些温暖，所以祖父笑了。故选D。 2.（2025·北京）“Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” Serena decided that it was time for a fresh . “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley .... A．answer B．memory C．start D．topic 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Serena决定是时候重新开始了。 answer回答；memory记忆；start开始；topic话题。根据下文中的“I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends”及语境可知，Serena决定重新开始。start“开始”符合语境。故选C。 考点三 形容词类（情感/特征描述匹配） 形容词考点高频聚焦情感类形容词和特征类形容词，要求考生根据上下文语境、人物行为或事件发展，匹配最贴合的形容词。 情感类形容词：如 happy, upset, surprised, disappointed, proud 等，侧重体现人物的情绪变化。 特征类形容词：如 brave, patient, careful, generous, reliable 等，侧重描述人/物的性格、品质或属性。 副词考点主要考查方式副词、程度副词、时间副词，核心功能是修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，体现动作的方式、状态的程度或事件的时间顺序。 1.语境逻辑匹配 1)定位形容词修饰的对象（人/物/事件） 2)查找上下文的情感线索（如人物的动作、语言、结果） 2.匹配与线索一致的形容词 Eg. She felt ______ when she found her lost notebook with the help of her classmate. 选项：A. worried B. relaxed C. terrified D. lonely 解析：线索“found her lost notebook”→ 情绪应为“放松的”，选B 3.情感色彩一致 (1)判断语境的褒贬性（积极/消极/中性） (2)排除与语境色彩相反的选项 Eg. It was a ______ experience for him to climb the mountain in the heavy rain. He almost fell down several times. A. pleasant B. dangerous C. exciting D. comfortable 【答案】B 【解析】线索“almost fell down”→ 消极语境，选B。 4.固定搭配验证 部分形容词与特定名词/动词有固定搭配，需积累常见搭配：如 be grateful to sb. 感激某人； be strict with sb. 对某人严格；be pleased with ...对...满意。 1. （2025·北京）The New Year party was usually held at my aunt’s house and my favorite part was the apple cake. At the age of 11, when I first found out that my grandfather, who was never in the kitchen, was the master behind it, I was greatly . A．surprised B．worried C．scared D．satisfied 【答案】A 【解析】句意：11岁时，当我第一次发现我的祖父是厨房的主人时，我非常惊讶。 surprised惊讶的；worried担心的；scared害怕的；satisfied满意的。根据“who was never in the kitchen”与“master behind it”的对比，可知此处指非常惊讶。故选A。 2.（2024·北京）Serena felt and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley, the tallest horse, but she stayed hopeful. As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off. She landed on the hard ground, her eyes filled with tears. A．stupid B．disappointed C．comfortable D．lucky 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Serena一看到那匹最高的马Harley，就感到失望和有点害怕，但她仍然抱有希望。 stupid愚蠢的；disappointed失望的；comfortable 舒服的；lucky幸运的。根据上文中的“I can’t wait to ride Piper”、下文中的“was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley”及语境可知，Serena不能骑她想骑的马，因此感到失望。故选B。 考点四 副词类（动作/状态修饰匹配） 1.常考副词分类： 方式副词：如 quickly, carefully, silently, bravely 等，修饰动作的执行方式。 程度副词：如 nearly, almost, quite, hardly 等，修饰形容词/副词的程度。 时间/逻辑副词：如 suddenly, finally, however, therefore 等，体现语境的逻辑关系。 2.修饰对象匹配： 1)确定副词修饰的核心成分（动词/形容词/句子） 2)选择能准确描述该成分特征的副词 Eg. The little girl ______ opened the gift box, afraid of breaking the beautiful package. A. angrily B. carelessly C. carefully D. excitedly 【答案】C 【解析】修饰动词opened，线索“afraid of breaking”→ 动作方式为“小心地”，选C。 3.逻辑关系一致 (1)分析上下文的逻辑（转折/因果/递进/时间顺序） (2)选择符合逻辑的连接性副词 Eg. He tried many times to solve the problem. ______, he succeeded with the teacher’s help. A. Firstly B. Secondly C. Finally D. Suddenly 【答案】C 【解析】前文“tried many times”→ 后文“succeeded”为最终结果，选C。 4.语义程度契合 程度副词需与语境中的程度描述匹配，注意区分强弱程度 常见程度副词强弱排序： totally/completely > quite/very > nearly/almost > hardly/seldom。近几年试题中考查nearly较多。 1．（2025·北京） Since then, I would go to my aunt’s early on the morning of New Year’s Day, and we’d make the cake together happily. I was amazed that Grandpa could peel an apple in one rind. And we’d mix everything and put it into the oven. Once the cake was done, the house would immediately smell like apples. But as I got older, so did Grandpa. One New Year’s Day, as I was taking out the apples from the shopping bag as usual, he looked at me and said, “Sophia, what are you doing?” A．cheerfully B．proudly C．nervously D．curiously 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一个元旦，当我像往常一样高兴地从购物袋里拿出苹果时，他看着我说：“索菲娅，你在干什么？” cheerfully高兴地；proudly骄傲地；nervously紧张地；curiously好奇地。根据“and we’d make the cake together happily.”及“as usual”可知，此处指作者像往常一样非常高兴。故选A。 2.（2024·北京） “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley . After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer. She then led Harley for a walk around the ring so that he could get used to being with her and following her directions. A．angrily B．softly C．curiously D．sadly 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她轻声地对Harley说。angrily生气地；softly温柔地；curiously好奇地；sadly伤心地。根据下文中的“After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer.”及语境可知，此处表示Serena温柔地对Harley说话，过了一会儿，Harley平静了下来。故选B。 Passage 1 （2023·北京·中考真题） Be What’s Missing Where was that cashier (收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch. I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work. I looked around the nearly empty 1 , but the cashier was nowhere in sight. A woman stood wiping (擦) the far end of the counter. She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes. I 2 , getting angry. I’d been standing there for at least three minutes! Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom’s words. “Whenever you find yourself in an unpleasant situation, just think about what is missing. If someone is unkind, then kindness is missing. If someone is hateful, then 3 is missing. If we will be what’s missing, then we’ll provide whatever the situation needs.” And here I was in an unpleasant situation. How should I “be what’s missing”? What was missing was 4 . Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. Just then the woman walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked, still 5 . She looked so tired. No doubt, she was overworked. I took a deep breath. With Mom’s words ringing in my head, I gave the woman my order ... and smiled. “How are you today?” My question seemed to 6 her. She eyed me for a second before answering. “Not too good.” “I’m sorry.” I said. “I hope it gets better starting right now.” She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope you’re right.” I thought to myself as I ate my sandwich. We’re all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt. We need to be 7 to each other. After eating, I wiped the table cleaner than usual, and put the tray (托盘) back nicely on the stand. The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face. “Be what’s missing.” It 8 . 1．A．restaurant B．street C．school D．office 2．A．agreed B．finished C．waited D．left 3．A．trust B．love C．patience D．confidence 4．A．hope B．advice C．money D．service 5．A．nervously B．carefully C．coldly D．kindly 6．A．disappoint B．hurt C．trouble D．surprise 7．A．nicer B．cooler C．closer D．fairer 8．A．said B．worked C．read D．ended 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在快餐店吃饭时，因为迟迟没有人点单而生气，但是想到了妈妈的话他决定对别人友善一些。他认为我们每个人都是一样的，有烦恼会生气 ，会累也会受伤，因此我们需要更耐心地对待他人。 1．句意：我环顾了几乎空荡的餐厅，但收银员不在视线内。 restaurant餐厅；street街道；school学校；office办公室。根据上文“I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work.”并结合空后“but the cashier was nowhere in sight”可推断出作者需要出来吃点东西，然后回去工作，应是环顾餐厅。故选A。 2．句意：我在等待中变得生气。 agreed同意；finished完成；waited等待；left留下。根据后文“I’d been standing there for at least three minutes! ”可知此处指的是在等待中变得生气。故选C。 3．句意：如果一个人是讨厌的，那么爱不见了。 trust相信；love爱；patience耐心；confidence自信心。根据前文“If some one is unkind, then kindness is missing.”可知unkind和kindness为对应关系，结合空前“If someone is hateful”与hateful对应的词为love，故选B。 4．句意：不见的是服务。 hope希望；advice建议；money钱；service 服务。根据空后“Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. ”可推知此处指的是服务。故选D。 5．句意：“我可以帮你吗?”她仍然冷漠地问。 nervously紧张地；carefully仔细地；coldly冷漠地；kindly友善地。根据第二段最后一句“She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes.”可知此处是coldly的同词复现，对应空格前的“still”，意思是她仍然冷漠地问。故选C。 6．句意：我的问题似乎使她惊讶。 disappoint使失望；hurt使受伤；trouble使烦恼；surprise使惊讶。根据后文“She eyed me for a second before answering.”可推知作者的问题似乎使她惊讶。故选D。 7．句意：我们需要对彼此更友善。 nicer更友善的；closer更近的；cooler更冷漠的；fairer更公正的。根据前文“We’re all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt.”可推知需要对彼此更友善。故选A。 8．句意：“成为缺失的东西。”它凑效了。 said说；worked工作，奏效；read阅读；ended结束。根据“The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face.”可推知作者以善良应对冷漠，最终奏效了。故选B。 Passage 2 （2022·北京·中考真题） Our Christmas Goose On a cold morning that December, my brother Rick and I were sent to Uncle Tommie’s on the other side of Little Mountain to get a goose for Christmas dinner. This long journey over the mountain was hard but worth it. That morning, dark clouds were coming together overhead. I knew it was going to snow on the 1 . When we arrived, Uncle Tommie was already waiting for us. “Boys, I’m not 2 you off,” he said, “but the wind is picking up. You’d better get the goose and head for home soon.” After a quick thank-you and goodbye I took the goose and we left. Halfway up the mountain, it began to snow heavily. I held the goose 3 to me. By the time we reached the top of the mountain. it snowed more heavily. And the wind seemed to blow straight through my coat. I stepped in front of Rick. “You must be cold. Open your coat!” “Are you crazy?” Rick asked. “I’ll lose what little warmth I have!” When he saw I was 4 , he slowly opened his coat. I placed the warm goose inside his coat. Rick sighed happily (舒了口气). My plan was 5 . On the way down, I started to shiver (发抖). Rick said. “Dave. it's your turn now.” He passed me the goose. For a long moment, I just stood and 6 my freezing(冰冷的) hands on his body. We passed the goose back and forth (来回地) between us all the way. Finally, We got home. Sitting at the table, we explained how the goose kept us from freezing. “We can’t have him for dinner! This goose helped 7 our lives,” I said. Later, we named the goose Charley and he lived out his life in the yard, bossing around the chickens and another goose we bought to keep him company. A life as the most important bird was fitting for our 8 . 1．A．mountain B．island C．lake D．beach 2．A．paying B．rushing C．showing D．calling 3．A．lightly B．secretly C．high D．close 4．A．frightened B．regretful C．serious D．surprised 5．A．working B．continuing C．improving D．changing 6．A．raised B．dried C．warmed D．examined 7．A．spare B．save C．treasure D．give 8．A．leader B．boss C．guide D．hero 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一只鹅救了作者和弟弟，他们将这只鹅作为宠物一直养着。 1．句意：我知道山上要下雪了。 mountain山；island岛；lake湖；beach沙滩。根据前文“on the other side of Little Mountain”可知，是山上，故选A。 2．句意：孩子们，我不是要赶你们走。 paying付钱；rushing冲；showing展示；calling打电话。根据“but the wind is picking up. You’d better get the goose and head for home soon.”可知，风越来越大了，叔叔建议我们最好赶快带上鹅回家，但本意不是赶我们走，故选B。 3．句意：我把鹅抱紧。 lightly轻地；secretly秘密地；high高；close近。根据“Halfway up the mountain, it began to snow heavily. I held the goose...to me.”可知，雪越下越大，把鹅抱紧取暖，故选D。 4．句意：当他看到我是认真的，他慢慢地打开他的外套。 frightened害怕的；regretful后悔的；serious严肃的，认真的；surprised惊讶的。联系上下文，下雪很冷，我让弟弟把衣服敞开，当他看到我是认真的，他才这样做，故选C。 5．句意：我的计划奏效了。 working工作，有效；continuing继续；improving提升；changing改变。根据“I placed the warm goose inside his coat. Rick sighed happily (舒了口气).”可知，鹅给了弟弟温暖，所以我的计划奏效了，故选A。 6．句意：有很长一段时间，我只是站在他身上，用冻僵的手取暖。 raised筹集；dried弄干；warmed使温暖；examined检查。根据“I just stood and...my freezing(冰冷的) hands on his body”可知，用鹅给自己温暖，故选C。 7．句意：这只鹅救了我们的命。 spare匀出；save节省，救；treasure珍惜；give给。根据“We can’t have him for dinner! This goose helped... our lives,”和上文内容可知，鹅使我们免于冻僵，所以是救了我们，故选B。 8．句意：作为最重要的鸟是我们一生的英雄。 leader领导；boss老板；guide导游；hero英雄。鹅救了我们，所以是我们的英雄，故选D。 Passage 3 （2025·北京海淀·二模） On a stormy evening, Thomas was walking home from school alone as usual. The strong wind was blowing. His heart seemed especially 1 with his backpack full of unshared jokes and uneaten cookie halves. Suddenly, he heard a weak meow from the overflowing trash cans outside Mrs. Rosen’s house. Kneeling down beside the trash cans, he saw a small gray cat whose foot was bleeding. Thomas took the cookies from his bag. His hands, usually clumsy (笨拙的) during games, moved 2 towards the shaking cat. Sensing no danger, the cat ate the cookies quickly and meowed again. Unable to find any help in the storm, Thomas held the cat, 3 it under his raincoat and took it home. That night, Thomas faced his first challenge—the cat needed more than Band-Aids and milk. At 10:17 p. m., he typed “cat emergency” on the phone and 4 John, a classmate whose animal rescue (救助) project he secretly admired. To his surprise, John quickly replied, “On my way! Bring cat food!” Those six words lit up Thomas’s dark bedroom like the bright sunshine. The next seven days totally changed Thomas's lonely routine. Mr. Miller, the owner of the pet store, taught him to prepare cat food. John became a daily visitor. His talk filled Thomas’s once-silent afternoons as they 5 names for the cat, who was finally named Whiskers. Even Mr. Evans, who lived next door and always answered coldly to Thomas’s greeting, started sharing fish cans and stories of his old cat. Thanks to Thomas’s nursing, Whiskers got well completely. On a sunny morning when Thomas was playing with Whiskers happily on the floor, three unexpected guests came with 6 —John with flea medicine, Lily with a handmade cat bed and Sarah with a ball. They talked and joked, enjoying a pleasant morning. Their 7 mixed with Whiskers’s purrs. Thomas found that being around people didn’t scare him as much anymore. The playground still buzzed too loud, and group projects still made him nervous, but now when Thomas walked home, John was often with him to check on Whiskers. In learning to speak a cat’s language, Thomas had accidentally 8 his heart to translate other human voices too—not as fears, but as possibilities waiting to be answered. 1．A．heavy B．cool C．quiet D．strange 2．A．proudly B．carefully C．politely D．seriously 3．A．trained B．cleaned C．hid D．threw 4．A．greeted B．followed C．thanked D．messaged 5．A．discussed B．borrowed C．brought D．kept 6．A．games B．ideas C．gifts D．rules 7．A．progress B．laughter C．stress D．fear 8．A．broke B．saved C．closed D．taught 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文讲述了孤独的男孩Thomas在一个暴风雨的夜晚救助了一只受伤的灰猫Whiskers，并因此改变了自己的人际关系。通过照顾猫咪，他意外地与同学John建立了友谊，甚至改善了与邻居的关系。最终，Thomas学会了敞开心扉，不再害怕与人交往。 1．句意：Thomas的心里似乎特别沉重，因为他的背包里装满了无人分享的笑话和没吃完的半块饼干。 heavy重的；cool凉爽的；quiet安静的；strange陌生的。根据“with his backpack full of unshared jokes and uneaten cookie halves.”可知，Thomas的背包里装满了无人分享的笑话和没吃完的半块饼干，所以他的心很沉重。故选A。 2．句意：他平时玩游戏时笨拙的手，此刻却小心谨慎地伸向颤抖的小猫。 proudly自豪地；carefully认真地，小心地；politely有礼貌地；seriously严肃地。根据“he saw a small gray cat whose foot was bleeding..”以及“His hands, usually clumsy (笨拙的) during games, moved...towards the shaking cat.”可知，小猫受伤了，Thomas小心谨慎地伸向小猫。故选B。 3．句意：在暴风雨中，Thomas不能找到任何帮助，他抱着猫，把小猫藏在雨衣下带回家。 trained训练；cleaned清洁；hid隐藏；threw扔。根据“it under his raincoat and took it home.”可知，风暴中需要保护小猫，故而他把小猫藏在雨衣下带回家。故选C。 4．句意：晚上10点17分，他在手机上输入“猫紧急情况”，并给同学John发消息，John是他暗自钦佩的从事动物救助项目的同学。 greeted问候；followed跟随；thanked感谢；messaged发信息。根据“he typed ‘cat emergency’ on the phone and...”可知，他用手机给同学发消息。故选D。 5．句意：当他们一起讨论给那只猫起什么名字时，他的谈话让Thomas原本寂静的午后变得充实起来，最终决定叫Whiskers。 discussed讨论；borrowed借入；brought带来；kept保持。根据“as they...names for the cat, who was finally named Whiskers.”可知，他们共同商议取名。故选A。 6．句意：在一个阳光明媚的早晨，Thomas正和Whiskers在地板上开心地玩耍。三位不速之客带着礼物来访——John带跳蚤药，Lily带手工猫床，Sarah带球。 games游戏；ideas主意；gifts礼物；rules规则。根据“John with flea medicine, Lily with a handmade cat bed and Sarah with a ball.”可知，三位客人带的是礼物。故选C。 7．句意：他们的笑声与Whiskers的呼噜声交织。 progress进步；laughter笑声；stress压力；fear害怕。根据“They talked and joked, enjoying a pleasant morning.”可知，他们又说又开玩笑，充满了欢乐，故空处指“笑声”。故选B。 8．句意：Thomas也意外地教会了他的心去理解他人的声音——非恐惧，而是待回应的可能性。 broke打破；saved节省，挽救；closed关闭；taught教。根据“not as fears, but as possibilities waiting to be answered.”可知，通过照顾猫，Thomas学会了理解他人声音。故选D。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $