Unit 2 Making a difference （重难词汇精练）英语外研版必修第三册

Unit 2 Making a difference重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 3 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 9 题型六、完成句子 12 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一、语篇语法填空 13 题型二、应用文写作 14 题型一、词性转换 1. contribution n．贡献→________v．贡献；捐助；投稿 2．relief n．减轻，缓解→________v．减轻，缓解 3．________n．短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺少的 4．________adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果 5．earn v．挣(钱)→________n．收入 6．donate v．捐赠，捐献→________n．捐献 7．________n．真实，现实→real adj.真实的→________adv.真正地 8．disability n．残疾，残障→________adj.残疾的 9．sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的→________n．感官；感觉 10．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→________n．慷慨，大方 11．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→________n．迟疑，犹豫 12．________n．帮助，援助→assist v．帮助，援助 13．________n．登记，注册→register v．登记，注册 14．________n．证实，证明→confirm v．证实，证明 15．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→________adv.短期地，短暂地；临时地 16．________n．成绩，成就→achieve v．实现 17．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的→________adv.主要地 18．major adj.重要的，主要的→________n．大多数 19．________n．治疗；疗法→treat v．治疗；对待 题型二、核心短语 1. ___________ 做某事有麻烦 2． ___________ 决心做某事(表状态) 3． ___________ 突然笑起来 4． ___________ 建立 5． ___________ 从……中受益 6． ___________ 想出；提出                   7． ___________ 记录…… 8． ___________ 充当……；(为……)工作，服务 9． ___________ 接收 10． ___________ 站起身来 11． ___________ 使……被某人注意 12． ___________ 去世 题型三、一词多用 found 1.The university was ____________ (found) in 1905. （建立） 2.Her argument is founded ____________ solid facts. （以…为基础） mean 1. What does this word ____________? （意思是） 2. He wasn’t ____________ mean; he was just joking. （刻薄的） 3. The money is ____________ (mean) for emergency use only. （打算用于） relate 1. The report ____________(relate) to the education reform. （与…有关） 2. She can relate interesting stories ____________ her travels. （讲述） 3. It’s difficult for him to relate ____________ his new classmates. （和睦相处） 题型四、单句语法填空 1.She excelled in every subject,but she never seemed to be proud of her 　　　　　　(achieve). 2.After a week’s 　　　　　　　(treat),the football player recovered from his injury. 3.　　　　　 the aid of my English teacher,I have made great progress this term. 4.We regret to tell you that your size is (temporary) unavailable. 5.The 　　　　　　(major) were in favor of the suggestion that we should go there by high-speed train. 6.Unfortunately,his grandfather passed last year due to heart trouble. 7.Do remember to keep a record 　　　　　the information you get,or you will forget. 8.The soldiers set off immediately to save those who were 　　　　　danger in the flood-hit area. 9.　　　　　 one point he considered becoming a professional soccer player,but finally he made a career in tennis. 10.Tom slowly rose 　　　　his feet and left the meeting room without saying a word. 11．It can be hard for you to imagine what trouble I have had dealing with the problems (refer) to in the meeting held last week. 12．What I didn't realize was that my first (publish) story would open several doors. 13．The problem (face) by many companies with massive amounts of data is how to interpret it. 14．A new building, (shape) like an L, is being built in our hometown. 15．Do you know the name of the song (sing) by the singer? 16．The hotel (run) by Mr. Wang is very successful. 17．Hers was the first company (found) by a woman to reach the Fortune 500. 18．The house (destroy) in the fire can’t be repaired. 19．When the oil is hot, add the (slice) onion. 20．The number of people (employ) in agriculture has fallen in the last decade. 21．Welcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest (occupy) castle in the world. 22．The donor started sending envelopes with cash to her， (accompany)by an article from the local paper. 23．Jade Rabbit (launch) by China landed on the moon successfully. 24．Liquid (obtain) from the bark of this tree can be used to treat several kinds of diseases. 25．Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize (give) to graduate. 26．Below is a page (adapt) from one of his novels. 27．We have special programmes (design)for audience aged above 60. (用单词的适当形式填空) 28．On August 5, the number of postcards (exchange) by members topped 31 million. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 29．Zongzi is a kind of rice dumpling (wrap) in bamboo or reed leaves to form a pyramid. 30．The professor (invite) to give a lecture about traditional Chinese culture is from Peking University. 31．They live in the room (decorate) with flowers and ballons. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 32．The girl (dress) in red came to the party at last and all the people present clapped warmly. 33．The poem (write) by a seven-year-old boy is full of imagination. 34．Is there a dining car (attach) to the train? 35．What do you think of the meeting (hold) yesterday? 36．Use the enclosed envelope to return your (complete) survey. 37．The man (follow) by our teacher is our new headmaster. 38．The lawyer (appoint) to represent the child had a good reputation for his virtue and goodness. 39．Last week, I met a friend at a hall (fill) with people. 40．The scientists (involve) in the research on space exploration have been making new attempts at manned space flights. 题型五、单词拼写 1.My garden　　　　　(延伸) as far as the river 2.In many ways, my　　　　　(残疾)has helped me become more independent and grow stronger psychologically. 3. Lewis and Clark explored the 　　　　　(地域）from St. Louis to the Pacific. 4.Without your　　　　　(帮助), I couldn't have succeeded. 5. She glanced over at James for　　　　　(确认). 6. He felt that it was his m　　　　　 in life to help others. 7. Smoking and drinking are harmful to our bodies and cause many serious d　　　　　 8. It is believed that lung c　　　　　 is closely linked to smoking. 9. This degree programme is fully accredited by the I　　　　　of Electrical Engineers. 10. So our users can register on the website through the r　　　　　screen. 11. They are collecting money in a　　　　　 of the poor children. 12.The purpose of m　　　　　 training should be to help students build up strong bodies and wills instead of killing their personalities. 13.As a woman, flying across the Atlantic alone was a great a　　　　　. 14. Distance learning is being adopted in several countries to help children in remote rural schools o　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 higher education. 15.The m　　　　　subjects in this school are Chinese,English and Maths. 16. She has managed to obtain a　　　　　(临时的) residence permit because they do great harm to our health. 17. The interview was over and he was told to wait for the 　　　　　(进一步的) notice about the result. 18. You need a health　　　　　(证明)if you want this job. 19. He immediately wrote a letter of complaints about his colleagues in the　　　　　(部). 20.He received a　　　　　 (爵士封号) the New Year’s Honours list. 题型六、完成句子 1.一到达山顶,我们就被这里美丽的风景深深吸引了。 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery. 2.俗话说得好:“诚实是知识之门的金钥匙。” 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,“Honesty is the golden key to the door of knowledge.” 3.两百人在事故中丧生,其中有许多儿童。 Two hundred people died in the accident,　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.到上周,我们已经学了2 000个单词了。 By last week,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　2,000 words. 5.从他的眼睛里,你可以看到关切的目光。 You can find 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　in his eyes. 6.它是一台可将伤员转移到安全地带的救援机器。 It is a rescue machine that can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 7.印度南部的小城镇是周围村庄的经济文化中心。 Small towns in South India 　　　　　　　　　　economic and cultural centres for the surrounding villages. 8.那位好心的老太太愿意收留这个无家可归的可怜的陌生人。 The kind old lady offered to 　　　　　　　　　　the poor homeless stranger. 9.The players 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(选自全国的) are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 10.As we know,a lot of things 　　　　　　　　　　　(认为不可能的) in the past are common today. 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高一•四川省甘孜州•阶段测试）China is a country _____1_____ is rich in cultural heritage. It has been using ___2___(advance)technology to protect ancient temples. So far this year, experts _____3_____(complete) the digital scanning (扫描) of the inside of 12 caves of the Mogao. Grottoes, a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of protection efforts, the Dunhuang Academy (研究院) said Wednesday. The academy has also collected images of _____4_____ murals (壁画) inside 14 caves of the Western Thousand-Buddha Caves, which is another ancient grotto temple in the city of Dunhuang, northwest China's Gansu Province, according to Yu Tianxiu, ____5____ (direct) of the academy’s cultural relics digitalization institute. Yu said the digitalization project was started in the 1990s _____6_____(create) digital images of the Mogao Grottoes and other grotto temples across the city. As of now, the project has completed the work in more than 230 grotto 62 _____7_____(cave) in Dunhuang. People worldwide can ____8____(easy) access the images of 30 caves in Dunhuang by ____9____(visit) the website "Digital Dunhuang created by the academy in 2016. The website, which is ____10____both Chinese and English, has seen more than 7 million visits. 题型二、应用文写作 （2025-2026高一上·江苏南通）你校英语报正在开展以“Campus Person of the Year in My Heart”为题的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.人物事迹； 2.意义或启示。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Campus Person of the Year in My Heart ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Making a difference重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 3 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 9 题型六、完成句子 12 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一、语篇语法填空 13 题型二、应用文写作 14 题型一、词性转换 1. contribution n．贡献→________v．贡献；捐助；投稿 2．relief n．减轻，缓解→________v．减轻，缓解 3．________n．短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺少的 4．________adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果 5．earn v．挣(钱)→________n．收入 6．donate v．捐赠，捐献→________n．捐献 7．________n．真实，现实→real adj.真实的→________adv.真正地 8．disability n．残疾，残障→________adj.残疾的 9．sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的→________n．感官；感觉 10．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→________n．慷慨，大方 11．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→________n．迟疑，犹豫 12．________n．帮助，援助→assist v．帮助，援助 13．________n．登记，注册→register v．登记，注册 14．________n．证实，证明→confirm v．证实，证明 15．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→________adv.短期地，短暂地；临时地 16．________n．成绩，成就→achieve v．实现 17．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的→________adv.主要地 18．major adj.重要的，主要的→________n．大多数 19．________n．治疗；疗法→treat v．治疗；对待 【答案】 1. contribution n．贡献→contribute v．贡献；捐助；投稿 2．relief n．减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻，缓解 3．shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺少的 4．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果 5．earn v．挣(钱)→earnings n．收入 6．donate v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐献 7．reality n．真实，现实→real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地 8．disability n．残疾，残障→disabled adj.残疾的 9．sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的→sense n．感官；感觉 10．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosity n．慷慨，大方 11．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n．迟疑，犹豫 12．assistance n．帮助，援助→assist v．帮助，援助 13．registration n．登记，注册→register v．登记，注册 14．confirmation n．证实，证明→confirm v．证实，证明 15．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.短期地，短暂地；临时地 16．achievement n．成绩，成就→achieve v．实现 17．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的→chiefly adv.主要地 18．major adj.重要的，主要的→majority n．大多数 19．treatment n．治疗；疗法→treat v．治疗；对待 题型二、核心短语 1. ___________ 做某事有麻烦 2． ___________ 决心做某事(表状态) 3． ___________ 突然笑起来 4． ___________ 建立 5． ___________ 从……中受益 6． ___________ 想出；提出                   7． ___________ 记录…… 8． ___________ 充当……；(为……)工作，服务 9． ___________ 接收 10． ___________ 站起身来 11． ___________ 使……被某人注意 12． ___________ 去世 【答案】 1. have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有麻烦 2．be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表状态) 3．break into a smile突然笑起来 4．set up建立 5．benefit from...从……中受益 6．come up with想出；提出                   7．keep records of记录…… 8．serve as充当……；(为……)工作，服务 9．take in接收 10．rise to one’s feet站起身来 11．bring...to one’s attention使……被某人注意 12．pass away去世 题型三、一词多用 found 1.The university was ____________ (found) in 1905. （建立） 2.Her argument is founded ____________ solid facts. （以…为基础） mean 1. What does this word ____________? （意思是） 2. He wasn’t ____________ mean; he was just joking. （刻薄的） 3. The money is ____________ (mean) for emergency use only. （打算用于） relate 1. The report ____________(relate) to the education reform. （与…有关） 2. She can relate interesting stories ____________ her travels. （讲述） 3. It’s difficult for him to relate ____________ his new classmates. （和睦相处） 【答案】 found 1.The university was founded in 1905. （建立） 2.Her argument is founded on solid facts. （以…为基础） mean 1. What does this word mean? （意思是） 2. He wasn't being mean; he was just joking. （刻薄的） 3. The money is meant for emergency use only. （打算用于） relate 1. The report relates to the education reform. （与……有关） 2. She can relate interesting stories about her travels. （讲述） 3. It's difficult for him to relate to his new classmates. （和睦相处） 题型四、单句语法填空 1.She excelled in every subject,but she never seemed to be proud of her 　　　　　　(achieve). 【答案】 achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：她每门功课都很优秀，但她似乎从未为自己的成就感到骄傲。物主代词“her”后应接名词作宾语。动词“achieve”的名词形式为“achievement”（成就，成绩）。此处指她在学业上取得的“成就”，为可数名词单数。 2.After a week’s 　　　　　　　(treat),the football player recovered from his injury. 【答案】 treatment 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过一周的治疗，这名足球运动员从伤病中恢复了。介词短语“After a week’s”后应接名词。动词“treat”的名词形式为“treatment”（治疗）。此处指“接受治疗”这一过程，为不可数名词。 3.　　　　　 the aid of my English teacher,I have made great progress this term. 【答案】 With 【详解】考查介词。句意：在英语老师的帮助下，我这学期取得了很大进步。此处考查固定短语“with the aid of sb.”，意为“在某人的帮助下”，相当于“with sb.’s help”。 4.We regret to tell you that your size is (temporary) unavailable. 【答案】temporarily 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们遗憾地通知您，您要的尺码暂时无货。空格位于系动词“is”和形容词“unavailable”之间，应填入副词修饰形容词，表示“暂时地”。形容词“temporary”的副词形式为“temporarily”。 5.The 　　　　　　(major) were in favor of the suggestion that we should go there by high-speed train. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：大多数人都赞成我们坐高铁去那儿的建议。定冠词“The”后应接名词。句中谓语“were”为复数，且“in favor of”表示“支持”，主语应为复数概念。名词“majority”（大多数，大部分）作主语时，若强调整体中的各个成员，谓语动词常用复数。且其前常与定冠词“the”连用。 6.Unfortunately,his grandfather passed last year due to heart trouble. 【答案】away 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：不幸的是，他的祖父去年因心脏病去世了。此处考查短语“pass away”，为“去世，逝世”的委婉语，是固定搭配。 7.Do remember to keep a record 　　　　　the information you get,or you will forget. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：一定要记住把获得的信息记录下来，否则你会忘记。此处考查固定短语“keep a record of...”，意为“记录……”，后接记录的内容。 8.The soldiers set off immediately to save those who were 　　　　　danger in the flood-hit area. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：士兵们立即出发去营救洪灾区那些处于危险中的人们。此处考查短语“in danger”，意为“处于危险中”，在定语从句中作表语。 9.　　　　　 one point he considered becoming a professional soccer player,but finally he made a career in tennis. 【答案】At 【详解】考查介词。句意：在某一时刻，他曾考虑成为一名职业足球运动员，但最终他选择了网球作为职业。此处考查固定短语“at one point”，意为“在某一时刻，一度”。 10.Tom slowly rose 　　　　his feet and left the meeting room without saying a word. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：汤姆慢慢地站起身来，一言不发地离开了会议室。此处考查短语“rise to one’s feet”，意为“站起身来”，是固定搭配。 11．It can be hard for you to imagine what trouble I have had dealing with the problems (refer) to in the meeting held last week. 【答案】referred 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能很难想象我在处理上周会议上提到的那些问题时遇到了多大的麻烦。句中谓语是can be，空格处用非谓语动词，problems和refer之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填referred。 12．What I didn't realize was that my first (publish) story would open several doors. 【答案】published　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我没有意识到的是，我发表的第一个故事会为我打开好几扇门。publish与story之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填published。 13．The problem (face) by many companies with massive amounts of data is how to interpret it. 【答案】faced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多拥有大量数据的公司面临的问题是如何解释这些数据。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“is”，故空处需填非谓语动词，主语“The problem”和“face”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填faced。 14．A new building, (shape) like an L, is being built in our hometown. 【答案】shaped 【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：我们家乡正在建造一座L形的新建筑。句中is being built是谓语动词，所给词shape是非谓语动词，且和句子主语building之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填shaped。 15．Do you know the name of the song (sing) by the singer? 【答案】sung 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你知道那位歌手唱的那首歌的名字吗？分析句子可知，设空处在句中作非谓语，逻辑主语the song与动词sing之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，在句中作后置定语。故填sung。 16．The hotel (run) by Mr. Wang is very successful. 【答案】run 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：王先生经营的旅馆非常成功。分析句子结构可知，句子已经有谓语动词is，空处是作后置定语修饰空前的The hotel。run和The hotel逻辑上是被动关系，空处应用过去分词的形式。故填run。 17．Hers was the first company (found) by a woman to reach the Fortune 500. 【答案】founded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的公司是第一家由女性创办并跻身世界500强的公司。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词was，空处是作“the first company”的后置定语。the first company和found逻辑上为被动关系，空处用过去分词的形式。故填founded。 18．The house (destroy) in the fire can’t be repaired. 【答案】destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在火灾中被毁的房子无法修复。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“can’t be repaired”，空处是作“The house”的后置定语。The house和destroy逻辑上是被动关系，空处需用过去分词的形式。故填destroyed。 19．When the oil is hot, add the (slice) onion. 【答案】sliced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：油热后，放入切好的洋葱片。提示词作定语修饰名词onion，空格处填入非谓语动词，slice与其逻辑主语onion之间是被动关系，用过去分词sliced作定语，表被动和完成。故填sliced。 20．The number of people (employ) in agriculture has fallen in the last decade. 【答案】employed 【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：在过去十年里，从事农业的人数有所下降。句中 has fallen 是谓语动词，所以所给词employ是非谓语动词，且和people之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填employed。 21．Welcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest (occupy) castle in the world. 【答案】occupied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：欢迎来到温莎城堡，世界上最大、最古老的有人使用的城堡。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，occupy和逻辑主语castle之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式occupied作定语。故填occupied。 22．The donor started sending envelopes with cash to her， (accompany)by an article from the local paper. 【答案】accompanied 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：捐赠者开始给她送带有现金的信封，里面附有来自当地报纸的文章。分析句子可知，空处需使用非谓语，envelopes和accompany 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用过去分词作定语。故填accompanied。 23．Jade Rabbit (launch) by China landed on the moon successfully. 【答案】launched 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国发射的玉兔号成功登陆月球。分析句子，句中landed为谓语动词，launch为动词，意为“发射”，应该使用非谓语动词。此处Jade Rabbit与launch之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语。故填launched。 24．Liquid (obtain) from the bark of this tree can be used to treat several kinds of diseases. 【答案】obtained 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从这种树的树皮中提取的液体可以用来治疗几种疾病。本句有谓语can be used，故使用非谓语动词形式，此处被修饰名词liquid 和obtain 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填obtained。 25．Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize (give) to graduate. 【答案】given 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：八年后，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，获得了文海奖学金，这是授予毕业生的最高奖项。分析句意可知，动词give“给予”在句中作后置定语修饰名词prize“奖项”，二者构成被动关系，故使用过去分词形式。故填given。 26．Below is a page (adapt) from one of his novels. 【答案】adapted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下面是根据他的一部小说改编的一页。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语page之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填adapted。 27．We have special programmes (design)for audience aged above 60. (用单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】designed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有专为60岁以上观众设计的特别节目。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，因与其逻辑主语programmes之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填designed。 28．On August 5, the number of postcards (exchange) by members topped 31 million. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】exchanged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 8月5日,会员交换的明信片数量超过3,100万张。谓语动词是topped，exchange用非谓语动词形式作定语，动词exchange与名词postcards之间是被动关系, 故用其过去分词作postcards的后置定语。故填exchanged。 29．Zongzi is a kind of rice dumpling (wrap) in bamboo or reed leaves to form a pyramid. 【答案】wrapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：粽子是一种用竹叶或芦苇叶包成金字塔形的饭团。根据句中谓语动词“is”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词短语“rice dumpling”，并与其形成被动关系，表示“被包在竹叶或芦苇叶里的饭团”，故应用过去分词形式。故填wrapped。 30．The professor (invite) to give a lecture about traditional Chinese culture is from Peking University. 【答案】invited 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：被邀请来做中国传统文化讲座的教授来自北京大学。动词invite意为“邀请”，和系动词之间没有连词，和主语professor构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填invited。 31．They live in the room (decorate) with flowers and ballons. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】decorated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们住在装饰着鲜花和气球的房间里。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处需用非谓语动词的形式，是作后置定语修饰room，且room和decorate之间为被动关系，需用decorate的过去分词形式decorated。故填decorated。 32．The girl (dress) in red came to the party at last and all the people present clapped warmly. 【答案】dressed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：那个穿红色衣服的女孩终于来参加聚会了，所有在场的人都热烈鼓掌。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。be dressed in是固定短语，意为“穿着……”，作定语时直接用过去分词形式。故填dressed 33．The poem (write) by a seven-year-old boy is full of imagination. 【答案】written 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个七岁男孩写的诗充满了想象力。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做定语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语the poem之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词，故填written。 34．Is there a dining car (attach) to the train? 【答案】attached 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：火车上有固定的餐车吗？设空处修饰名词a dining car作定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填attached。 35．What do you think of the meeting (hold) yesterday? 【答案】held 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你觉得昨天举行的会议怎么样？分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，hold与meeting之间为被动关系，根据yesterday可知，该动作已经发生，所以此处为过去分词形式作定语。故填held。 36．Use the enclosed envelope to return your (complete) survey. 【答案】completed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：使用随附的信封返回您完成的调查。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语修饰后面的名词，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语survey之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词，故填completed。 37．The man (follow) by our teacher is our new headmaster. 【答案】followed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们老师后面跟着的那个人是我们的新校长。分析句子结构可知follow与逻辑主语man构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填followed。 38．The lawyer (appoint) to represent the child had a good reputation for his virtue and goodness. 【答案】appointed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个律师被指定为这个孩子的代表律师，因其德行和善良而享有良好的声誉。句中有谓语had，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词the lawyer，动词appoint(指定)和lawyer是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填appointed。 39．Last week, I met a friend at a hall (fill) with people. 【答案】filled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周，我在一个挤满了人的大厅里遇到了一个朋友。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“met”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“hall”和“fill”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填填filled。 40．The scientists (involve) in the research on space exploration have been making new attempts at manned space flights. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从事太空探索研究的科学家们一直在进行载人航天飞行的新尝试。句中谓语是have been making，空格处用非谓语动词，scientists和involve之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填involved。 题型五、单词拼写 1.My garden　　　　　(延伸) as far as the river 2.In many ways, my　　　　　(残疾) has helped me become more independent and grow stronger psychologically. 3. Lewis and Clark explored the 　　　　　(地域）from St. Louis to the Pacific. 4.Without your　　　　　(帮助),I couldn't have succeeded. 5. She glanced over at James for　　　　　(确认). 6. He felt that it was his m　　　　　 in life to help others. 7. Smoking and drinking are harmful to our bodies and cause many serious d　　　　　 8. It is believed that lung c　　　　　 is closely linked to smoking. 9. This degree programme is fully accredited by the I　　　　　of Electrical Engineers. 10. So our users can register on the website through the r　　　　　screen. 11. They are collecting money in a　　　　　 of the poor children. 12.The purpose of m　　　　　 training should be to help students build up strong bodies and wills instead of killing their personalities. 13.As a woman, flying across the Atlantic alone was a great a　　　　　. 14. Distance learning is being adopted in several countries to help children in remote rural schools o　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 higher education. 15.The m　　　　　subjects in this school are Chinese,English and Maths. 16. She has managed to obtain a　　　　　(临时的) residence permit because they do great harm to our health. 17. The interview was over and he was told to wait for the 　　　　　(进一步的) notice about the result. 18. You need a health　　　　　(证明)if you want this job. 19. He immediately wrote a letter of complaints about his colleagues in the　　　　　(部). 20.He received a　　　　　 (爵士封号) the New Year’s Honours list. 【答案】 1. extends 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我的花园一直延伸到河边。主语“My garden”为单数第三人称，且描述一般事实，谓语动词应用一般现在时，故用“extends”。 2. disability 【详解】考查名词。句意：在许多方面，我的残疾帮助我变得更独立，心理上也更强大了。根据句意和中文提示，此处指“残疾”这一状况，为不可数名词或可数名词单数。由物主代词“my”和单数谓语“has”可知，此处用单数形式“disability”。 3. territory 【详解】考查名词。句意：刘易斯和克拉克探索了从圣路易斯到太平洋的这片地区。中文提示为“地区”，且为历史事件（探索美国西部），应使用“territory”（领土，地域）。 4. assistance 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有你的帮助，我不可能成功。介词“Without”后需接名词作宾语。动词“help”对应的名词形式为“assistance”或“help”，此处根据提示用“assistance”。 5. confirmation 【详解】考查名词。句意：她瞥了詹姆斯一眼以寻求确认。介词“for”后需接名词作宾语。动词“confirm”的名词形式为“confirmation”。 6. mission 【详解】考查名词。句意：他觉得帮助他人是他的人生使命。根据句意和首字母“m”，应填“mission”（使命，天职）。短语“it was his mission in life to do sth.”意为“做某事是他的人生使命”。 7. diseases 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：吸烟和饮酒对身体有害，并会导致许多严重的疾病。由“many serious”可知，其后应接可数名词复数。“disease”意为“疾病”，其复数形式为“diseases”。 8. cancer 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们认为肺癌与吸烟密切相关。根据句意和首字母“c”，应填“cancer”（癌症）。“lung cancer”为固定短语，意为“肺癌”。 9. Institution 【详解】考查专有名词。句意：这个学位课程得到了电气工程师学会的完全认证。根据常识和首字母“I”，应填“Institution”（学会，机构）。此处特指“电气工程师学会”，作为专有名词的一部分，首字母需大写。 10. registration 【详解】考查名词作定语。句意：因此，我们的用户可以通过注册屏幕在网站上注册。根据句意和首字母“r”，应填“registration”（登记，注册）。“registration screen”意为“注册界面/屏幕”。 11.campaign 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们正在为贫困儿童筹集资金。介词短语“in a campaign of”意为“在……的活动/运动中”，符合语境。其他如“project”也可，但“campaign”（尤指有组织的公益或政治活动）更贴切。 12. military 【详解】考查形容词。句意：军训的目的应当是帮助学生锻炼强健的体魄和意志，而不是抹杀他们的个性。根据句意和首字母“m”，应填“military”（军事的）。“military training”是固定搭配，意为“军训”。 13. achievement. 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名女性，独自飞越大西洋是一项伟大的成就。根据句意和首字母“a”，应填“achievement”（成就，成绩）。 14. obtain 【详解】考查动词。句意：远程教育正在被几个国家采用，以帮助偏远农村学校的孩子们获得高等教育。根据句意和首字母“o”，应填“obtain”（获得）。 15. main 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这所学校的主要科目是语文、英语和数学。根据句意和首字母“m”，应填“main”（主要的）。 16. temporary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她设法获得了一个临时居住许可，因为它们对我们的健康危害很大。根据中文提示“临时的”，应填“temporary”。（注：句中“because”引导的原因状语从句主语“they”指代不明，可能是“某种情况”，但不影响答案。） 17.further 【详解】句意：面试结束了，他被告知等待关于结果的进一步通知。形容词“further”和“farther”都是“far”的比较级。farther：通常用于表示具体的、物理距离上“更远的”。further：既可表示具体距离，更常见的是表示抽象程度、范围或数量上“更进一步的”、“更多的”。句中“notice”（通知）的内容是关于面试结果的，这属于抽象的信息范畴，并非指物理距离。因此，表示“进一步的（通知）”应使用 further。 18.certificate 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你想要这份工作，你需要一份健康证明。根据中文提示“证明”，应填“certificate”。 19.ministry 【详解】考查名词。句意：他立即写了一封投诉信，投诉他部里的同事。根据中文提示“部”，应填“ministry”（政府的部门）。 20.knighthood 【详解】考查名词。句意：他在新年授勋名单上获得了爵士封号。根据中文提示“爵士封号”，应填“knighthood”。（注：句子结构不完整，通常为“on the New Year’s Honours list”，但此处根据答案填写单词。） 题型六、完成句子 1.一到达山顶,我们就被这里美丽的风景深深吸引了。 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery. 2.俗话说得好:“诚实是知识之门的金钥匙。” 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,“Honesty is the golden key to the door of knowledge.” 3.两百人在事故中丧生,其中有许多儿童。 Two hundred people died in the accident,　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.到上周,我们已经学了2 000个单词了。 By last week,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　2,000 words. 5.从他的眼睛里,你可以看到关切的目光。 You can find 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　in his eyes. 6.它是一台可将伤员转移到安全地带的救援机器。 It is a rescue machine that can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 7.印度南部的小城镇是周围村庄的经济文化中心。 Small towns in South India 　　　　　　　　　　economic and cultural centres for the surrounding villages. 8.那位好心的老太太愿意收留这个无家可归的可怜的陌生人。 The kind old lady offered to 　　　　　　　　　　the poor homeless stranger. 9.The players 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(选自全国的) are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 10.As we know,a lot of things 　　　　　　　　　　　(认为不可能的) in the past are common today. 【答案】 1.Upon/On arriving at the top of the hill　2.As the saying goes　3.many of them children　4.had learned　5.a concerned look　6.transport one person to safety　7.serve as　8.take in 9.selected from the whole country　10.considered impossible 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高一•四川省甘孜州•阶段测试）China is a country _____1_____ is rich in cultural heritage. It has been using ___2___(advance)technology to protect ancient temples. So far this year, experts _____3_____(complete) the digital scanning (扫描) of the inside of 12 caves of the Mogao. Grottoes, a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of protection efforts, the Dunhuang Academy (研究院) said Wednesday. The academy has also collected images of _____4_____ murals (壁画) inside 14 caves of the Western Thousand-Buddha Caves, which is another ancient grotto temple in the city of Dunhuang, northwest China's Gansu Province, according to Yu Tianxiu, ____5____ (direct) of the academy’s cultural relics digitalization institute. Yu said the digitalization project was started in the 1990s _____6_____(create) digital images of the Mogao Grottoes and other grotto temples across the city. As of now, the project has completed the work in more than 230 grotto 62 _____7_____(cave) in Dunhuang. People worldwide can ____8____(easy) access the images of 30 caves in Dunhuang by ____9____(visit) the website "Digital Dunhuang created by the academy in 2016. The website, which is ____10____both Chinese and English, has seen more than 7 million visits. 【答案】1. which/that 2. advanced 3. have completed 4. the 5. director 6. to create 7. caves 8. easily 9. visiting 10. in 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了敦煌研究院通过先进技术保护莫高窟等文化遗传的情况。 1.考查定语从句。句意：中国是一个文化遗产丰富的国家。____1____ is rich in cultural heritage是限定性定语从句，修饰a country，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，应该用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which或that。 2.考查形容词。句意：它一直在使用先进的技术来保护古代寺庙。该空修饰名词technology，应该用形容词修饰。故填advanced。 3.考查动词时态。句意：迄今为止，专家们已经完成了12个莫高窟内部的数字扫描。so far作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。故填have completed。 4.考查冠词。句意：据中国科学院文物数字化研究所所长于天秀介绍，中国科学院还收集了中国西北部甘肃省敦煌市的另一个古老石窟寺庙——西部千佛洞14个洞穴内的壁画图像。该处特指14个洞窟中的壁画。表特指，应用定冠词。故填the。 5.考查名词。句意：据中国科学院文物数字化研究所所长于天秀介绍，中国科学院还收集了中国西北部甘肃省敦煌市的另一个古老石窟寺庙——西部千佛洞14个洞穴内的壁画图像。____5____(direct) of the academy’s cultural relics digitalization institute是Yu Tianxiu的同位语，是对于天秀身份的介绍，于天秀是中国科学院文物数字化研究所所长。故填director。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：于天秀表示，数字化项目始于上世纪90年代，目的是为莫高窟和全市其他石窟寺庙创建数字图像。结合句意，该空表目的，应用动词不定式。故填to create。 7.考查名词复数。句意：截至目前，该工程已完成敦煌230多个石窟、62个石窟的施工。空前有62，该空应用名词复数形式。故填caves。 8.考查副词。句意：世界各地的人们可以通过访问中国科学院2016年创建的“数字敦煌”网站，轻松地访问敦煌30个洞穴的图像。该空修饰动词access，应用副词，故填easily。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各地的人们可以通过访问中国科学院2016年创建的“数字敦煌”网站，轻松地访问敦煌30个洞穴的图像。by意为“通过”，是介词，后面接动名词作宾语。故填visiting。 10.考查介词。句意：该网站用中文和英文两种语言，已有超过700万的访问量。表示“用某种语言”，用介词in。故填in。 题型二、应用文写作 （2025-2026高一上·江苏南通）你校英语报正在开展以“Campus Person of the Year in My Heart”为题的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.人物事迹； 2.意义或启示。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Campus Person of the Year in My Heart ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Campus Person of the Year in My Heart Consistently devoted to public welfare and spreading warmth through small acts, my classmate Li Tao deserves the title of Campus Person of the Year in my eyes. Last month, Li Tao launched a book-donation campaign at our school. He appealed to students to share unused books and sent them to kids in a remote mountain village. Besides, he volunteers at community clean-ups every month, picking up litter and sorting recyclables carefully, which has inspired more citizens to engage in safeguarding the environment. Li Tao’s actions prove that being kind and responsible isn’t just a slogan, but something we can practice in everyday life. He is truly worthy of this honor. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以《我心中的校园年度人物》为题，撰写一篇短文投稿至校英语报，内容涵盖所选人物的事迹及其带来的意义或启示。 【详解】1.词汇积累 发起：launch → initiate 呼吁：appeal to → call on 偏远的：remote → isolated 参与：engage in → participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：He appealed to students to share unused books and sent them to kids in a remote mountain village. 拓展句：He appealed to students to share unused books and sent them to kids who live in a remote mountain village. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, he volunteers at community clean-ups every month, picking up litter and sorting recyclables carefully, which has inspired more citizens to engage in safeguarding the environment.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Li Tao’s actions prove that being kind and responsible isn’t just a slogan, but something we can practice in everyday life.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、省略引导词that的定语从句） 15 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $