课时作业(17) Unit 5 Period 1（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(十七)　Unit 5　Period 1 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A John Harrison has an enviable job in most people's opinion. He's the official taster for Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream, one of the best­selling ice cream brands in the U．S.A. On an average day, Harrison has to sample sixty ice creams at the Dreyer's headquarters. When he isn't doing that, he travels all over the country, buying Dreyer's ice cream in supermarkets so that he can carry out spot checks (抽查) for appearance and flavor. But, no matter how wonderful this job may sound, it is actually quite tough. It's difficult work, requiring discipline, selflessness, and thorough preparation. Before tasting a sample, Harrison uses his eyes first. If the ice cream doesn't look attractive, he skips it. Then, he uses a gold spoon instead of one made of wood, plastic, or other metal. This is because regular spoons leave an aftertaste that can dull the taste buds (味蕾). In addition, the temperature of the ice cream may also influence the taster's taste buds. When Harrison samples ice cream, he first takes only a small bite of the ice cream, swishes (使嗖地快速移动) it around in his mouth to introduce it to each of his taste buds, lightly licks his lips, and then gently breathes in so as to bring the smell up through the back of his mouth to his nose. With each step, he carefully sizes up whether the ice cream conveys the ideal balance between dairy sweetness and the flavor of the added ingredients. And last of all, no matter what the ice cream tastes like，he spits (吐) it out, since a full stomach makes for a dull palate (迟钝的味觉)． For Harrison, keeping a sharp palate (味觉；品尝力) means no onions, garlic, or cayenne pepper. He also doesn't have any coffee or tea, since these block the taste buds. But to him, this is just a small price to pay for what he calls “the world's best job”． Harrison's family has been in the ice cream business for four generations, and Harrison himself has spent almost his whole life in it as well. Yet, he has never lost his love of the cold, creamy sweetness. He orders ice cream in restaurants for dessert, even when he's not at work. On these occasions, he swallows the ice cream, taking in about a liter a week. Though he has gained some weight over the years he's been with Dreyer's, he couldn't care less. “Who would trust a skinny ice cream taster？” he jokes. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了约翰·哈里森的令人羡慕的工作——冰激凌试味员，其实这一职业并不像人们想象的那么美好，背后也需要付出很多。 1．What is forbidden in Harrison's job? A．Doing shopping. B．Eating the ice cream. C．Using gold spoons. D．Skipping the ice cream. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And last of all，no matter what the ice cream tastes like, he spits(吐)it out, since a full stomach makes for a dull palate(迟钝的味觉)”．可知，试味结束后哈里森是不能吃掉冰激凌的，要吐掉以避免饱腹感对味觉的影响。故选B。 2．What can we learn about Harrison? A．He learned his work skills from his family. B．His job affects his appetite for the ice cream. C．He is willing to give up something for his job. D．He has to gain some weight to meet the need of the work. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，尽管为了保持味觉敏锐，日常生活中需要忌口，但哈里森仍然觉得这份工作无与伦比，为此做出一些牺牲也可以接受。故选C。 3．What does Harrison think of his job? A．Creative.　　　　　 B．Ordinary. C．High­paid. D．Proud. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But to him，this is just a small price to pay for what he calls‘the world's best job’”．并结合最后两段来看，哈里森喜爱自己的工作，也将毕生精力投入其中，对于这份工作他是引以为傲的。故选D。 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To describe Harrison's job and how he does it. B．To analyze the reasons why Harrison chose his job. C．To make suggestions on how to apply for popular careers. D．To introduce the advantages of working for a best­selling brand. 解析：选A　推理判断题。文章围绕着哈里森从事冰激凌试味员这项工作展开，详细描述了其工作内容，旨在让读者对这一职业有所了解。故选A。 B Many people confuse hard­working people with workaholics(工作狂). How could a person tell that he/she is a workaholic? A workaholic works long hours, at the expense of personal relationships and health. When not working, they're thinking about work. Work influences their mood: when work is going well, they're up; when work is going less well, they're down. Working, or simply being busy, can be a hard habit to break. When workaholics aren't busy working­or doing something to promote their work­they feel anxious and guilty. They hang onto jobs for dear life and do everything they can to make sure they're essential. There is a link between health problems and workaholism. Just because work itself is a respectable pursuit(追求) doesn't mean that an addiction to it is any less damaging than other sorts of addictions. A number of studies show that workaholism has been associated with a wide range of health problems, such as anxiety and heart disease. Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well. A study published in the American Journal of Family Therapy found that working too much negatively influenced an employee's marriage. This isn't surprising, since if you're married to your work, it can be difficult to be married to anything, or anyone, else. There have also been studies looking at the influence of workaholic parents on their children and the news isn't good. Adult children of workaholic fathers experienced more depression and anxiety and a weaker sense of self. However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards. For many, it's how they develop feelings of self­worth and confidence and purpose. If you have a workaholic in your life, you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it's a child's soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a solution. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，通过多方面的分析说明了工作狂的特点、沉迷工作的不利影响、努力工作的积极意义以及对待工作狂我们应持何种态度。 5．What can we infer about workaholics? A．They put work in the first place. B．They usually have life outside work. C．They often get pleasure from work. D．They win respect from their workmates. 解析：选A　推理判断题。由文章第一段的“A workaholic works long hours, at the expense of personal relationships and health. When not working, they're thinking about work. Work influences their mood: when work is going well, they're up；when work is going less well, they're down.”可推知工作狂把工作放在第一位。所以选A。 6．What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．Bad influences of workaholism. B．Reasons for being workaholics. C．How people deal with their addictions. D．How hard­working people differ from workaholics. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第三段和第四段中的health problems, damaging, addiction, negative effects等关键词可知，答案为A。 7．What can we do to help workaholics in life? A．Force them to join family activities. B．Reward them for their hard work. C．Help them find self­worth and confidence. D．Try to understand and support them. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，答案为D。 8．What is the author's attitude towards working hard? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Negative. D．Curious. 解析：选B　推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在客观地分析说明沉迷工作会带来的负面影响和积极意义。所以答案为B。 Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You may feel pressured to plan out your whole life before you start applying to colleges. __1__ Though some people have well­focused career goals early in life, others don't—and they still find their way to the right job. Staying flexible when it comes to thinking about your future may be the right choice for you. The world changes. Webmasters didn't exist a generation ago. The world changes so fast that new careers appear all the time, while others become less common. __2__ There's no perfect career. When choosing a career, you'll try to match your skills and interests with work in certain areas.__3__Even jobs sounding ideal will probably involve something you dislike. But many jobs will suit you and allow you to use your talents. You can only plan so far ahead. __4__ That's because important as planning and research are, chance still plays a role. Keep an open mind, learn to tolerate some degree of uncertainty and watch for opportunity. __5__ Many people feel pulled to a job that's familiar, popular or profitable. In the long run, however, people are generally happier and more successful if they choose a career that matches their interests and strengths. Take the time to develop your interests and then look for a career that will satisfy and fulfil yourself. A．Satisfaction is key. B．There won't be one perfect match. C．But most people have ever experienced the stress. D．Your feelings about what you want to do may be unclear. E．Change your mind if you can't find a suitable job at present. F．Did you ever hear someone say something like, “I fell into my career” ? G．Pay attention both to the changes in your interests and to developments in the career world. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文说明了人们在上大学之前要考虑职业规划，并从四个方面给出了职业规划的建议。 1．解析：选C　前句提到人们在开始申请大学之前，可能会感到有压力去计划自己的一生。由此推断空格处内容应该承接上文，继续说明这种压力。故C选项“但大多数人都经历过这种压力。”符合上下文语境。 2．解析：选G　前句内容介绍世界变化很快，新的职业一直在产生，而其他的变得不再普遍。故G选项“注意你兴趣上的变化和职业界的发展。”可以承接上文。 3．解析：选B　根据后文“Even jobs sounding ideal will probably involve something you dislike.”可知，即使是听起来很理想的工作也可能会涉及一些你不喜欢的事情，所以你的技能和兴趣与工作并不一定是完全相配的。故B选项“不会有一个完全相配的工作。”符合语境。 4．解析：选D　根据后句内容可知，虽然计划和研究很重要，但意外仍发挥着作用，再结合本段标题You can only plan so far ahead.可推知，D选项内容符合语境，用来说明你对你想做的事情的感觉可能不明了。 5．解析：选A　本段主要是建议人们要花时间发展兴趣，选择自己喜欢和有优势的工作，在工作中找到满足感。由此推断本段内容是强调满足的关键性。故A选项“满足很关键。”可以作为本段标题。 Ⅲ.完形填空 Nearly 14 years ago we were a couple weeks away from the birth of our first child. Sarah was getting everything ready at home. I was busy __1__ our business. I started the __2__ of taking on one more sales representative. I had a great __3__ with the interviewee and it seemed like he might be a(n)__4__ fit. The next day Sarah went into labor(分娩) early and our daughter was born. The whole family was at the hospital __5__ my wife and baby. Then we brought her home and were trying to __6__ what to do and how to do it. It took me more than a week to get back to the sales representative I was trying to __7__. I told him that we had had a baby and I was __8__ for the gap(间隔) in our conversations. Then he said very __9__， “if you had called back last week, I would have decided to __10__ the offer. But as time passed, I talked myself out of it.” This taught me a(n)__11__—All excuses are equal. It doesn't matter if you had a __12__，or any other really great excuse. If it takes you away from your __13__，an excuse is an excuse in the end. In our life what __14__ is that you get the job done. So when you are working towards your goals, remember that all excuses are __15__． 【语篇解读】　这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章主要讲述了作者通过一次招聘员工的经历明白了在达成目标的过程中所有借口都无济于事。 1．A.starting　　　　　 B．protecting C．changing D．growing 解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忙着发展我们的生意。A.starting 开始；B. protecting 保护；C.changing 改变；D.growing 发展。根据下文中的“taking on one more sales representative”可知，作者要多聘用一个销售代表，因此这里指作者正忙于“扩大”生意，故选D。 2．A.service B．competition C．process D．assumption 解析：选C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始了多雇用一个销售代表的流程。A.service服务；B.competition 竞赛；C.process过程；D.assumption 假设。根据设空处后“of taking on one more sales representative”可知，这里指作者启动招聘新员工的“流程”，故选C。 3．A.discussion B．agreement C．trade D．argument 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和面试者进行了一次很好的交谈，看起来他可能是一个很好的人选。选项A.discussion讨论；B.agreement一致；C.trade交易；D.argument 争论。根据下文中的“with the interviewee”可知，这里指作者在招聘时和应聘者进行的肯定是讨论，对话。故选A。 4．A.ordinary B．terrible C．strange D．good 解析：选D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和面试者进行了一次很好的交谈，看起来他可能是一个很好的人选。A.ordinary 普通的；B.terrible糟糕的； C．strange奇怪的，陌生的；D.good 很好地。根据第三段“It took me more than a week to get back to the sales representative I was trying to....”和后面内容“if you had called back last week, I would have decided to...the offer.”可知，这里指这位应聘者作者尝试再联系并提供了邀请，是一位很好地人选，故选D。 5．A.waiting for B．looking for C．looking after D．taking after 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：全家人都在医院照顾我的妻子和孩子。A.waiting for等待；B.looking for寻找； C．looking after 照顾； D．taking after 与……相像。根据上文中的“The next day Sarah went into labor early and our daughter was born.”可知，这里指作者一家人都在医院“照顾”他的妻子和女儿。故选C。 6．A.decide on B．figure out C．agree on D．look into 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后我们把她带回家，弄清楚该做什么，该怎么做。A.decide on 决定；B.figure out 解决；C.agree on对……取得一致意见；D.look into 观察。根据设空处后面“what to do and how to do it.”可知，作者是在试着“搞清楚”做什么和怎样做来照顾她。故选B。 7．A.employ B．contact C．fire D．train 解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了一个多星期的时间才找到我想要雇佣的销售代表。A.employ雇佣；B.contact 联系；C.fire 开除；D.train 训练。根据上文中的“I had a great discussion...a good fit.”可知，这里指作者一个多星期后才腾出时间来处理“雇用”这个人的事情。故选A。 8．A.ready B．grateful C．sorry D．eager 解析：选C　考查形容词词性辨析。句意：我告诉他，我们有一个孩子，我很抱歉对于间隔我们的谈话时间这么久了。A.ready 准备好的；B.grateful感激的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.eager 渴望的。根据后文“for the gap in our conversations.”过了一个多星期才联系自己想雇用的那个人，所以这里指他很“抱歉”。故选C。 9．A.shyly B．nervously C．cautiously D．honestly 解析：选D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他非常诚实地说：“如果你上周给我打电话的话，我就会决定接受这份工作了。”A.shyly 害羞的；B.nervously紧张的；C.cautiously谨慎的； D．honestly 诚实的。根据下文“But as time passed, I talked myself out of it.”可知，应聘者直接告诉作者他放弃这份工作了，这说明他非常“坦诚”。故选D。 10．A.accept B．refuse C．obtain D．notice 解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他非常诚实地说：“如果你上周给我打电话的话，我就会决定接受这份工作了。” A．accept 接受；B.refuse拒绝； C．obtain获得；D.notice 注意到。根据空格前“ I would have decided to”和空格后 “But as time passed, I talked myself out of it.”可知，But后面拒绝了这份工作，空格处意思相反，本打算接受。故选A。 11．A.lesson B．subject C．skill D．idea 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给了我一个教训——所有的借口都是一样的。A.lesson教训；B.subject科目；C.skill 技能；D.idea 主意。根据下文中的“All excuses are equal”及最后一段可知，这里指作者面试了一位非常合适的应聘者，但由于忙于照顾妻子和女儿而忽略了这件事，最终失去了这个人选，他从中得到了一个“教训”。故选A。 12．A.job B．family C．company D．baby 解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管你有没有孩子，或者其他什么好借口。A.job工作； B．family家庭；C.company公司；D.baby孩子，婴儿。根据空格后“or any other really great excuse”作者因忙于女儿出生的事情而耽误雇用一位合适的应聘者，故选D。 13．A.schedule B．goal C．principle D．belief 解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果它让你远离你的目标，借口终究是借口。A.schedule计划；B.goal 目标；C.principle原则；D.belief信仰。根据最后一段中的“So when you are working towards your goals”可知，这里指如果一个借口使你偏离了“目标”，借口最终就是借口。故选B。 14．A.varies B．gains C．matters D．deserves 解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，重要的是你完成了工作。A.varies不同于；B.gains获得； C．matters要紧的； D．deserves值得的。根据全文内容并结合最后一段中的“So when you are working towards your goals”可知，这里说的是要紧的是你完成了工作，这才是你的目标。故选C。 15．A.perfect B．equal C．easy D．poor 解析：选B　考查形容词词性辨析。句意：所以当你朝着你的目标努力的时候，记住所有的借口都是平等的。A.perfect完美的； B．equal平等的；C.easy容易的；D.poor贫穷的。根据上文中的“All excuses are equal”，这里指所有的借口都是“平等的”。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $