内容正文:
Unit 3 Words and
Expresions
The environment
concern /kənˈsɜːn/n. 担心;忧虑
派生词 / 同根词:
concerned(adj. 担心的)
concerning(prep. 关于)
常用搭配:
show concern for 关心……;
be concerned about 担心……
as far as I am concerned, 在我看来
例句:She has great concern for her students' safety.
翻译:
父母总是担心我们的健康。
Parents are always concerned about our health.
atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/n. 大气层;氛围
派生词 / 同根词:
atmospheric(adj. 大气的)
常用搭配:
the Earth's atmosphere 地球大气层;
friendly atmosphere 友好的氛围
create a(n) ... atmosphere 营造一种 … 的氛围
例句:
The atmosphere of the party is very warm.
We need to protect the atmosphere from pollution.
temperature /ˈtempərətʃə(r)/n. 温度;气温
派生词 / 同根词:
temper(n. 脾气)、temperate(adj. 温和的)
常用搭配:
high/low temperature 高 / 低温;
take one's temperature 量体温
例句:
The temperature will drop below zero tomorrow.
习题(填空):
The nurse ______ (take) my temperature ten minutes ago.
took
consumer /kənˈsjuːmə(r)/n. 消费者
派生词 / 同根词:
consume(v. 消费)、consumption(n. 消耗)
常用搭配:
consumer rights 消费者权利;
a time-consuming job一项耗时的工作
例句:
Every consumer should know how to protect themselves.
习题:
The car ___________ (consume) a lot of fuel.
consumes
guess /ɡes/v. 猜测
派生词 / 同根词:
guesswork(n. 猜测)
常用搭配:
guess at sth. 猜测某事;
make a guess 猜一猜
例句:Can you guess the meaning of this word?
习题:
I ______ she will come to the party.
A. guess B. know C. decide
A
green /ɡriːn/adj. 环境保护的;绿色的
派生词 / 同根词:
greenery(n. 绿色植物)
greenhouse(n. 温室)
常用搭配:
green energy 绿色能源;green lifestyle 环保的生活方式;green hand 新手
例句:
We should use more green products to protect the Earth.
习题(填空):
Planting trees is a ______ (环保的) activity.
green
lifeless /ˈlaɪfləs/adj. 无生命的;死气沉沉的
派生词 / 同根词:
life(n. 生命)、
lively(adj. 活泼的)
live v. 活;居住;生活 adj. 活的
常用搭配:
lifeless planet 无生命的行星;
例句:The moon is a lifeless planet with no water.
习题(翻译):
这个房间看起来死气沉沉的。
This room looks lifeless.
fuel /ˈfjuːəl/n. 燃料;v. 给…… 供燃料
派生词 / 同根词:
fuel-efficient(adj. 省油的)
常用搭配:
fossil fuel 化石燃料;
run out of fuel 燃料耗尽
例句:
Coal and oil are important fuels for industry.
习题(选择):
Solar energy is a clean ______.
A. fuel B. food C. tool
A
coal /kəʊl/n. 煤
派生词 / 同根词:
coal-miner(n. 煤矿工人)
常用搭配:
burn coal 烧煤;
coal mine 煤矿
例句:
Many power plants still use coal to generate electricity.
习题(填空):
People used to _______ (burn) coal to cook food in the past.
______ (煤) is a non-renewable resource.
Coal
burn
result /rɪˈzʌlt/n. 结果;v. 导致
常用搭配:
good/bad result 好 / 坏结果
result from 由…… 引起;
result in 导致
as a result 因此
as a result of 由于
例句:As a result of the heavy rain, the sports meeting was put off.
习题(翻译):他的成功源于努力。
His success results from hard work.
increase /ɪnˈkriːs/v.(使)增长;/ˈɪŋkriːs/n. 增长
派生词 / 同根词:
increasing(adj. 不断增加的)、
increasingly(adv. 越来越多地)
常用搭配:
increase by 增长了……;
increase to 增长到……
例句:
The population of the city is increasing every year.
习题(填空):
The number of students ____________ (增长) by 20% last year.
increased
sea level /ˈsiː levl/n. 海平面
常用搭配:
rise in sea level 海平面的上升;
above/below sea level 高于 / 低于海平面
例句:
Global warming causes the rise in sea level.
习题(选择):
Many low-lying cities are ______ sea level.
A. above B. below C. on
B
destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/v. 摧毁;毁灭
派生词 / 同根词:
destruction(n. 毁灭)
destructive(adj. 破坏性的)
常用搭配:
destroy the environment 破坏环境;
be destroyed by 被…… 摧毁
例句:
The big fire destroyed the whole building.
习题(翻译):
洪水摧毁了许多房屋。
The flood destroyed many houses.
nature /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/n. 自然界;大自然
派生词 / 同根词:
natural(adj. 自然的)
naturally(adv. 自然地)
常用搭配:
in nature 在自然界中;
protect nature 保护大自然
例句:
We must learn to respect nature and protect wild animals.
习题(填空):
It’s _________ (nature) for a mother to love her child deeply.
natural
surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/n. 表面,表层
常用搭配:
the surface of the earth 地球表面;
on the surface 在表面上
例句:
There are many fish below the surface of the sea.
习题(选择):
The ______ of the lake is very calm today.
A. top B. surface C. face
B
soil /sɔɪl/n. 土壤
派生词 / 同根词:
soily(adj. 多泥土的)、
fertile soil(肥沃的土壤)
例句:
Plants grow well in fertile soil.
习题(翻译):
这种植物适合在松软的土壤中生长。
This kind of plant grows well in soft soil.
flood /flʌd/n. 洪水;水灾;v. 淹没
常用搭配:
a flood of +可数n.复 / 不可数n. 大量的
prevent a flood 预防洪水
be flooded with 充满
flood into 涌入;
be hit by a flood 遭遇洪水
例句:
Many villages were hit by the flood last summer.
习题(填空):
The heavy rain caused a ______ (洪水) in the village.
flood
habit /ˈhæbɪt/n. 习惯
派生词 / 同根词:
habitual(adj. 习惯性的)
常用搭配:
good/bad habit 好 / 坏习惯;
form a habit of doing养成...习惯;
get into a habit 养成习惯
例句:Reading books every day is a good habit.
习题(选择):
We should form the ______ of getting up early.
A. hobby B. habit C. custom
B
proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/adj. 正确的;恰当的
派生词 / 同根词:
properly(adv. 适当地)
propriety(n. 适当)
常用搭配:
in a proper way 以正确的方式;恰当地
proper time 合适的时间;
proper behavior 恰当的行为
例句:You should use the proper way to solve the problem.
习题(填空):
Please speak in a ______ (恰当的) voice in the library.
proper
friendly /ˈfrendli/adj. 无害的;友好的
派生词 / 同根词:
friend(n. 朋友)、friendship(n. 友谊)
常用搭配:
environmentally friendly 环保的;
be friendly to 对…… 友好;
例句:
This kind of bag is environmentally friendly.
习题:
1. I have a lot of good _________ (friend), and they are all _________ (friend) to me.
friends
friendly
recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/v. 回收利用
派生词 / 同根词:
recycling(n. 回收)
recyclable(adj. 可回收的)
常用搭配:
recycle waste 回收废品
例句:
We should recycle plastic bottles to save resources.
习题(填空):
These bottles are ______ (可回收的), so don't throw them away.
recyclable
purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/n. 目的;用途
派生词 / 同根词:
purposeless(adj. 无目的的)
常用搭配:
for the purpose of 为了……;
on purpose 故意地;
the main purpose 主要目的
例句:The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the plan.
习题(选择):
He did it ______ to make me angry.
A. on purpose B. by purpose C. for purpose
A
solution /səˈluːʃn/n. 解决办法;处理手段
派生词 / 同根词:solve(v. 解决)
solvable(adj. 可解决的)
常用搭配:
a solution to... …… 的解决办法;
find a solution 找到解决办法;
come up with a solution 想出一个解决办法
习题(翻译):
他提出了一个解决这个问题的好办法。
He put forward a good solution to this problem.
government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/n. 政府
派生词 / 同根词:
govern(v. 统治;管理)
governor(n. 州长;总督)
常用搭配:
the local government 当地政府;
government policy 政府政策;
例句:
The government is taking action to protect the environment.
习题(填空):
The ____________ (政府) has built many new parks in our city.
government
role model /ˈrəʊl ˈmɒdl/n. 楷模;模范
常用搭配:
set a good role model for sb.
= set a good example for sb. 给某人树立一个好榜样
play an important role in... 在…中起重要作用
例句:
Yuan Longping is a great role model for all Chinese people.
习题:
He set a good example for us by _________ (help) the old man.
helping
greenhouse effect 温室效应
➡ effect n. 影响 =influence
➡ affect v. 影响 =influence
➡ effective adj.有效的
相关搭配:
cause the greenhouse effect
造成温室效应;
the main cause of the greenhouse effect
温室效应的主要原因
例句:
Too much carbon dioxide causes the greenhouse effect.
习题(翻译):
温室效应导致全球变暖。
The greenhouse effect causes global warming.
in danger 处于危险中
拓展短语:
out of danger 脱离危险;
put...in danger 使…… 处于危险中;
be in great danger 处于极大危险中
例句:Many wild animals are in danger now.
习题(填空):
If we don't protect them, these animals will
be ______ ______ (处于危险中).
in danger
as a result of 由于
辨析:
as a result 因此(单独使用,后接结果);
as a result of 由于(后接原因)
例句:He was late as a result of the heavy rain.
习题:
______ the bad weather, the sports meeting was put off.
A. As a result B. As a result of C. Because
B
result in 造成;导致
辨析:
result in 导致(后接结果);
result from 源于(后接原因)
例句:
Smoking can result in many serious illnesses.
习题(翻译):
粗心会导致错误。
Carelessness can result in mistakes.
mountains of 许多;大量
同义短语:
lots of/a lot of/plenty of/a large number of
用法:后接可数名词复数或不可数名词
例句:
We have mountains of homework to do on weekends.
习题(填空):
There are ______ ______ (大量的) books in the library.
mountains of
take action 采取行动
拓展搭配:
take immediate action 立即采取行动;
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事;
take effective action 采取有效行动
例句:We must take action to protect our earth.
习题(翻译):
政府应该立即采取行动解决污染问题。
The government should take immediate action to solve the pollution problem.
make a difference 有作用;有影响
拓展搭配:
make a big/great difference 有很大影响;
make no difference 没有影响;
make a difference to sb./sth. 对某人 / 某事有影响
例句:Every small act can make a difference to the environment.
习题:
Doing exercise every day can make __ difference to your health.
a
act as 充当;担任
同义短语:
work as /serve as
用法:后接表示身份、职位的名词
例句:
She acts as a teacher in the small village.
习题(填空):
This room ______ ______ (充当) a classroom for the children.
acts as
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