Unit 11 Part A Topic Talk & Lesson 1（课件PPT）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（北师大版）

该高中英语课件围绕“矛盾与妥协”主题，涵盖重点词汇（如annoy, recommend）、核心句式（虚拟语气、强调句型）及情态动词用法。通过爱因斯坦名言导入，结合诺曼底登陆历史文本作为类文赏读，构建“课前储备-课堂探究-语法精析-达标演练”的学习支架，帮助学生建立知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过词汇拓展、句式迁移应用提升语言理解与表达能力，借助历史事件阅读增强跨文化认知。采用“例句-剖析-拓展-应用”的学科教学方法，如虚拟语气结合课文原句分析，助力学生提升思维品质，同时为教师提供系统教学资源，提高课堂效率。

Unit 11 　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE Part A　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 目录 contents Part 01 课前 知识储备 Part 02 课堂 优化探究 Part 04 课时作业(四) Part 03 随堂 达标演练 Unit 11 返回导航 1 课前 知识储备 返回导航 Unit 11 返回导航 1 pack tank plug complaint vote resolution warning cease Unit 11 返回导航 1 property chorus departure bitter prejudiced anyhow remote edge arrest tailor Unit 11 返回导航 1 pleasant violence literally unsuspecting bother recall Unit 11 返回导航 1 in a flash on the edge of be exposed to ought to end up Unit 11 返回导航 1 From then on, think of as have an influence on get rid of take action Unit 11 返回导航 1 Being single, Getting enough sleep Unit 11 返回导航 1 over the fact that what of Unit 11 返回导航 1 课堂 优化探究 返回导航 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 at annoying with annoyed Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 recommendation to (should) be improved Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 of into with Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 complaints about/of to Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 to have discovered on for Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 were warned against not to buy warn her of Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 with coming of/towards Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 of suspicion suspicious Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 We had a lot of bother finding (our way to) his house I don't want to bother her with my problems at the moment One should not be bothered about one's personal gains or losses Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 had would be had known If Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Eating Being laughed buying talking Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 who/that was that It Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 when when running was walking Unit 11 返回导航 1 动词原形 Unit 11 返回导航 1 后面 人称 数 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 Unit 11 返回导航 1 随堂 达标演练 返回导航 Unit 11 返回导航 1 negotiate ashamed self­control resolve inquire recalled unsuspecting Unit 11 返回导航 1 vote packed warning Unit 11 返回导航 1 inquiries assignment maturity inconvenient annoying negotiation Unit 11 返回导航 1 resolution shameful Unit 11 返回导航 1 negotiate with maturity make sure make a phone call ask me for help Unit 11 返回导航 1 课时作业（四） 点击进入 word Unit 11 返回导航 1 谢谢观看 Unit 11 返回导航 1 类文赏读　话题导入 The D­DAY LANDINGS1 By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging across the globe for about five years.But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening: Allied2 troops3 made up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers. This marked one of the final stages of a top－secret operation that had been months, perhaps years, in the planning.Code­named4 “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north­west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect combination of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June. An order issued by Supreme5 Allied Commander6 General Eisenhower to troops read：“Your task won't be an easy one. Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle­hardened...But this is the year 1944... The tide has turned！The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have full confidence in your courage，devotion to duty and skill in battle. We will accept nothing less than full Victory ! ” With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D­Day. At dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy, protected by fighter planes in the skies above them. Their objective7 was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline. But even in the depths of war, few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there. The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire8. By mid­morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach. One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him, “I was the first one out. The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit. All the ones in between were hit. Two were killed; three were injured. That's how lucky you had to be. ” But, despite the high cost in human life, the D­Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War. By the end of August 1944, the Allies had reached the River Seine, Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north west France. The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east. 词汇积累 词汇积累 1．landing/lndI/n.(军队的)登陆 2．allied/laId/adj.(第二次世界大战)同盟国的 3．troop/trup/n.军队 4．code­name/kədneIm/v.起代号为 5．supreme/s prim/adj.最高的 6．commander/kəmndə/n.指挥官；长官 7．objective/əbdektIv/n.目的；目标 8．gunfire/nfaIə/n.炮火 靓名背诵 1．With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D­Day. 盟军士兵们耳边回荡着这些话，做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。 [句式分析]　本句是一个复合句，包含一个what 引导的宾语从句。With these words ringing in their ears是with复合结构作状语。 2．Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. 船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陆的人面对的则是机关枪的扫射。 [句式分析]　　　本句中while是并列连词，表示对比，who引导定语从句，先行词是those；make it to sp.意为“成功到达某地”。 Ⅰ.根据语境写出正确的单词 1． the remaining food将剩余的食物打包 2．a beautiful fish 一个漂亮的鱼缸 3． one's ears with a cotton ball用棉球堵塞耳朵 4．a letter of about the quality of the product一封关于产品质量的投诉信 5．take a on an important issue就某一重要问题进行表决 6．make a to lose weight决定减肥 7．give sb. a verbal 给某人口头警告 8． breathing for choking因窒息而停止呼吸 9．a wealthy developer一位富有的房地产开发商 10．a of praise from the public来自公众的一片赞扬声 11．the spacious lounge宽敞的候车(机)室 12．a judge一位有偏见的法官 13．a cup of coffee一杯苦咖啡 14．do it well 无论如何把它做好 15．a mountain village一个偏远的山村 16．on the of the forest在森林的边缘 17． the criminal immediately立即逮捕罪犯 18．establish oneself as a 以裁缝为业 19．be to the guests对客人友善 20．be injured in the 在暴力事件中受伤 21． do harm to the environment的确破坏环境 22．cheat the elderly people欺骗毫无戒备心的老年人 23． about children's safety担心孩子们的安全 24． one's childhood回忆起某人的童年 Ⅱ.选词填空 be exposed to, from then on, have an influence on, take action, ought to, think of... as..., on the edge of, end up, get rid of, in a flash 1．Several months have passed since we parted last time. 2．He fell, striking his head the table. 3．This medicine shouldn't daylight. 4．You have come to the meeting, which was interesting. 5．If you don't know what you want, you might getting something you don't want. 6． mother and daughter depended on each other for survival. 7．I don't really him a son so much as a very good friend. 8．Do you believe that we can anyone we meet? 9．The owner wants to the car for financial reasons. 10．We need more time to see how things develop before we ． Ⅲ.根据课文补全下列句式 1． Ma Ming often held parties at night, but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. 单身的马明经常在晚上举办聚会， 但最大的问题是他喜欢在深夜打鼓。 2． is important for people's health and, after such a chorus of complaints, we had to take action. 充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要， 在听到这么多的投诉之后， 我们必须采取行动。 3．He's bitter people thought of his music as “noise”． 他对人们认为他的音乐是“噪音”这一事实感到痛苦。 4．And James McKay? 那詹姆斯·迈奇呢？ 1．I know how annoying it is(教材P28) 我知道这有多烦人 　 ◆annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的 You must have found my attitude annoying. 你肯定觉得我的态度讨人厌。 Her most annoying habit was talking while eating. 她最让人讨厌的习惯就是吃东西的时候讲话。 [词汇拓展] annoy vt.　　　　　　使恼怒，使生气 annoyed adj. 气恼的；恼怒的 be annoyed about sth. 对于某事感到恼火 be annoyed at (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而恼怒 be annoyed by 被……惹恼 be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气 You always say what you think even if it annoys people. 即使你的想法会激怒别人，你也会将它说出来． I bet she was annoyed at having to write it out again. 我敢说她对不得不重写一遍感到恼火。 I was annoyed with myself for giving in so easily. 我气我自己那么轻易就让步了。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)We enjoyed the game but were rather annoyed being beaten. (2)I like her, even though she can be (annoy) at times. (3)I'm so annoyed her that I haven't been near her for a week. (4)He was beginning to get very (annoy) with me about my carelessness. 2．Why does Mr Smith recommend studying in a library？(教材P29) 史密斯先生为什么建议去图书馆学习？ ◆recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍 She recommended that I should take some time off. 她建议我休息一段时间。 I have no hesitation in recommending her for the job. 我毫不犹豫地推荐她做这项工作。 [词汇拓展] recommend sb./sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某人或某物 recommend sb. to do sth. 劝告某人做某事 recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 recommend that...(should) do sth. 建议……做某事 recommendation n． 推荐；介绍 on the recommendation of在……的介绍/建议下 I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in art. 我把这本书推荐给对艺术感兴趣的人。 We recommend that you get insurance against sickness and unemployment. 我们建议你办理疾病和失业保险。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)I had the operation on the (recommend) of my doctor. (2)I can recommend this play all lovers of good theatre. (3)The committee recommended that the training program (improve). 3．Ma Ming, drummer for the rock ban “Storm”， had to pack his bags.(教材P30) 摇滚乐队“暴风雨”的鼓手马明不得不收拾行李。 　◆pack vi.& vt.打包　n．包，包裹 I'm leaving in an hour but I haven't packed yet! 我一小时之后就要走了，可我还没有收拾好(行李)呢！ The climber carried some food in a pack on his back. 那名登山者在背上背了一些食品。 [词汇拓展] pack up 　　　把……打包；(把……)装进 (箱子等)；收拾 be packed with 挤满；装满；充满 a pack of 一包；一群；一堆 pack into 往……塞人；将……塞进；挤 进……里；装满 package n. 包裹；包 packaging n. 包装；包装材料 packet n. 小包；小袋He packed up his possessions slowly and deliberately. 他慢慢地、小心翼翼地收拾好自己的物品。 We avoided a pack of journalists waiting outside. 我们避开了等在外面的一群记者。 The moment the door opened, people began to pack into the hall. 门一开，人们就涌进大厅。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)He always carries a pack cigarettes with him. (2)The crowds packed the cinema on a wet day. (3)The dining hall was packed students having their lunch. 4．He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.(教材P30) 邻居抱怨他扰乱治安后，他搬出了租来的公寓。 　◆complaint n．投诉 Why don't you make a complaint against your noisy neighbour? 你为什么不投诉那位喧闹的邻居呢？ He didn't like the meal so he made a complaint to the manager of the restaurant. 他不喜欢这顿饭，于是向餐馆经理投诉了。 [词汇拓展] make a complaint 　提出不满意见， 对……提出控告 complain vi.& vt. 投诉；抱怨 complain(to sb.)about/of (doing)sth. 　　　(向某人)抱怨(做)某事 complain (to sb.)that＋从句 (向某人)抱怨…… Employees complained bitterly about working conditions. 雇员们愤恨地抱怨工作条件。 She complained to me about her husband's laziness. 她向我抱怨她丈夫的懒惰 They complained that the prices of books had increased. 他们抱怨说书的价格提高了。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)All (complain) against police officers are carefully investigated. (2)She often complains not feeling appreciated at work. (3)Neighbours complained the police about the dog's barking. 5．One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on his teenage son.(教材P30) 一位邻居还声称，马明对他十几岁的儿子产生了不良影响。 　◆claim vt.声称；断言；索赔；认领　n．要求；声称；索赔；所有权；对某事物的权利 The man claimed that he'd been dining with friends at the time of murder. 该男子声称凶案发生时自己正与朋友们进餐。 His claim to ownership is invalid. 他的所有权是无效的。 [词汇拓展] claim on　　　　索赔 claim to do sth. 声称做某事 have a claim on/to有对……要求的权利 have no claim on/to 没有对……要求的权利； 无资格得到 lay claim to 表示自己有权利去获得/认领(某物) make a claim for 对……提出要求 raise a claim 提出(所有权的)要求 You have no claim on my sympathy. 你没有要我同情的权利。 A shipping company has made a claim for the cost of salvaging the sunken ship. 轮船公司要求赔偿打捞沉船的费用。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)Doctors claimed (discover) a cure for the disease. (2)Did you claim the insurance after the car accident? (3)She made a claim damages against the company. 6．We gave Ma ming a warning.(教材P30) 我们给了马明一个警告。 　◆warning n．警告，警示；告诫 The team's defeat is a salutary warning before the World Cup. 这次失利是在世界杯比赛之前对整个队的一个有益警示。 Red marks on the skin may be a warning sign for this disease. 皮肤上出现红色斑点可能是患这种病的一个示信号。 He gave us a warning against placing confidence in people we did not know. 他告诫我们，不要轻信我们不了解的人。 [词汇拓展] warn vt.　　　　告；告诫；提醒 warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人提防某事 warn sb. against (doing) sth. 告诫某人不要(做)某事 warn sb. (not)to do sth. 告诫某人(不)要做某事 warn (sb.) that＋从句 警告或提醒某人． The police are warning drivers of possible delays. 警方提醒司机们交通可能受阻。 The doctor warned us against overtiring the patient. 医生告诫我们不要让病人过度劳累。 I warned her not to go near the dog, but she ignored me. 我告诫过她不要走近那条狗，但她不听我的话。 [迁移应用] 完成句子 (1)有人告诫过我们不要喝当地的水。 We drinking the local water. (2)有人明确地警告过他们不要买这所房子。 They were specifically warned the house. (3)她声称医生没有提醒她所涉及的风险。 She claimed that doctors had failed to the risks involved. 7．He could no longer tolerate it.(教材P31) 他再也不能忍受了。 　◆tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容 I won't tolerate your behaving in this way. 我不能容忍你这样做。 How can you tolerate that selfish woman? 你怎么能忍受得了那个自私的女人？ We will not tolerate any invasion of our motherland. 我们决不容忍对我们祖国的任何侵犯。 [词汇拓展] tolerate doing sth.　　容忍/容许做某事 tolerance n. 容忍，忍受；宽容 tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的 be tolerant of/towards 对……容忍或宽容 The teacher cannot tolerate eating snacks on the class. 老师不容许在课堂上吃零食。 He has a sense of humour plus tolerance and patience. 他既具有幽默感，又能宽容和耐心。 They learn to be tolerant of other people. 他们学会宽容别人。 ★名师点睛　tolerate的同义词(组)有bear、stand、put up with. A strong man will bear hardship without complaining. 一个坚强的人会忍受困苦而不抱怨。 I cannot stand the TV host's plastic smile. 我不能忍受那个电视节目主持人不自然的笑容。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)They cannot put up such terrible working conditions. (2)She cannot tolerate her husband's (come) home late all the time. (3)She was more tolerant her younger sister than before. 8．Unfortunately, the water he sent over his balcony every day ended up on the Mckays' floor, or too often, on the unsuspecting Mckays themselves.(教材P31) 不幸的是，他每天从阳台上送过来的水最终落到了迈奇夫妇的地板上，或者太多时候，落到了毫无戒心的迈奇夫妇身上。 ◆unsuspecting adj.无提防之心的，无疑心的 Numerous pitfalls await unsuspecting investors. 数不清的陷阱等待着毫无戒心的投资者。 There is contractual and unsuspecting relation between the employer and the employee. 雇主和雇员之间存在着合同和信任关系。 [词汇拓展] suspect vt.　　　怀疑；猜想 n. 犯罪嫌疑人，可疑分子 adj. 可疑的；不可信任的 suspicion n. 怀疑；嫌疑 suspicious adj. 怀疑的，猜疑的；可疑的 suspiciously adv. 怀疑地，猜疑地 suspect sb. of(doing)sth. 疑心某人(做)某事 be suspicious of/about对……怀疑 A suspect package was found on the platform. 在月台上发现了一个可疑的包裹。 Two suspects are now being interrogated in connection with the killing. 与杀人案有关的两名犯罪嫌疑人正在接受审讯。 The police suspected him of having stolen the money. 警察怀疑钱是他偷的。 She had a sneaking suspicion that he was laughing at her. 她心里偷偷怀疑他正在嘲笑她。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)What made you suspect her having taken the money? (2)I have a (suspect) that she is not telling me the truth. (3)A man was hanging about the house in a (suspect) manner. 9．She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them, but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks. (教材P31) 她补充说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时掉到他们阳台上的水，还有他清洗鱼缸的方式。 　◆bother vt.& vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼 The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 那问题已经让我苦恼了几个星期。 It bothers me that he can be so insensitive. 他这样麻木不仁，让我很生气。 [词汇拓展] have no/little/much bother(in)doing sth. 做某事不/几乎不/很费劲 bothr sb.with... 　　用……烦扰某人 bother sb.for sth. 烦扰着某人要某物 bother (sb.) about... (使某人)为……而 烦恼/费心 bother oneself/one's head about... 为……而焦虑/操心 He failed his exams but he didn't bother about the resits. 他考试没有通过，却没有为补考而感到烦恼。 Why should Rhett bother himself about Ashley's safety? 瑞德为什么要为艾希礼的安全操心呢？ [迁移应用] 翻译句子 (1)我们费了很大劲才找到他的家。 . (2)我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。 . (3)人不应当为个人得失而烦恼。 . 1．The flat­owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer, he wouldn't have rented the flat to him. (教材P30)房东说如果他知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。 　[句式剖析]　said后面是省略了that的宾语从句，宾语从句中包含了if引导的条件状语从句。宾语从句使用了虚拟语气，表示对过去情况进行不切实际的假设。表示与过去事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词”。 If you had taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed in the examination. 假如你听从我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。 If I had known your address, I would have written to you. 假如我知道你的地址，我早就给你写信了。 [句式拓展] (1)表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去式(be动词的过去式通常用were)，主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形” If I were in your position, I would accept their offer. 如果我处在你的位置，我就接受他们的提议。 (2)表示与将来事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“were to/should＋动词原形”，或用一般过去式，主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。 If the sun were to rise in the west tomorrow, I would follow you. 假如明天太阳从西边升起，我就听你的。 (3)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，通常被称为“错综虚拟语气”，动词的形式要依据它所表示的时间进行相应的调整。 If you had taken the medicine yesterday, you might be well today. 如果你昨天吃了药，你的病也许今天就好了。 (4)在条件句中，可以省略if，把系动词were、助动词had或情态动词should提到句首，成为倒装句式。 Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. 如果你早点来的话，你就会见到他。 (5)有时，虚拟语气中并不出现if引导的条件句，而用其他形式(比如without，but for)来代替条件句，通常称之为“含蓄虚拟语气”。 But for your help, I couldn't have made so much progress. 如果不是你的帮助，我就不会取得这么大的进步。 [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)If I (have) a lot of money, I would buy a big house with a swimming pool. (2)If he had taken my advice, he (be) a scientist now. (3) he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (4)Steve said that if he (know) how it worked，he would have told me what to do. 2．Getting enough sleep is important for people's health and, after such a chorus of complaints, we had to take action.(教材P30) 充足睡眠对人们的健康很重要，在一片抱怨声之后，我们不得不采取行动。 　[句式剖析]　 句中的主语getting enough sleep是动名词短语。动名词作主语时，往往表示一般性的、经常性的或抽象性的动作或行为，其逻辑主语通常是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，谓语动词通常要用单数。 Missing the bus means waiting for another half an hour. 错过了这班车意味着再等半个小时。 Collecting stamps is a good hobboy, which can enrich our lives. 集邮是一个很好的爱好，它可以丰富我们的生活。 His being late again made his manager very angry. 他又迟到了，这使得经理很生气。 [句式拓展] 动名词短语作主语时，可用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语(动名词短语)置于句末。但值得注意的是，动名词作后置主语的情况通常只限于以下几个名词或形容词后面。 (1)名词good、fun、use、joy等后面。 It is no good pretending to know what you don't know. 不懂装懂没有好处。 (2)形容词useless、 nice、 good、 interesting、worth等后面。 It's useless talking about it with a stubborn person. 和一位固执的人谈论这些是没有用的。 [迁移应用] 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) (eat) more vegetables is good for our health, as we all know. (2) (laugh) at in public is what he can't stand. (3)It's a waste of money (buy) things you don't need. (4)It's no good (talk) to me about physics；it's a closed book to me. 3．She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them, but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.(教材P31) 她补充说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时掉到他们阳台上的水，还有他清洁鱼缸的方式。 　[句式剖析]　句中的added后面是that连接的宾语从句，该从句是一个强调句型，强调的是主语部分。强调句型的基本结构为“it is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其余部分”。被强调的部分通常是句子的主语、宾语和状语；被强调部分如果是人，that和who都可以使用；如果强调的是人以外的其他成分，则只能用that。 It is I who/that am to blame for the traffic accident. 应为这起交通事故负责任的是我。 It was some old friends that he met at the evening party. 他在晚会上遇到的是一些老朋友。 [句式拓展] (1)如果强调“not...until...”句型中until引导的时间状语从句，not要放到until前面。 I didn't recognise her until she took off her sunglasses. ＝It was not until she took off her sunglasses that I recognised her. 直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她来。 It was not until he left me that I realised he was very important to me. 直到他离开我，我才意识到他对我非常重要。 (2)强调句型的一般疑问句是把is/was提前；其特殊疑问句结构为“特殊疑问词＋ is/was＋ it＋that/who＋其余部分”。 Was it three days ago that the old man disappeared? 那位老人是3天前失踪的吗？ Where was it that you met the famous scientist? 你是在哪里遇见那位著名科学家的？ (3)强调句型的判别方式为：把it is/was及that/who去掉后，剩余部分依然是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句型。 It was in the park that I lost my cell phone.(强调句型) It is clear that not all boys like playing football.(非强调句型) [迁移应用] 单句填空 (1)However, it was Haydn encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna. (2)It (be) some children who made a lot of noises in the graden. (3)It is ability to do the job matters not where you come or what you are. (4) was not until we had stayed together for some time that I found we had a lot in common. 4．We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on！(教材P31) 我们坐在那里愉快地读报纸，突然有这么多水从上面流下来，以至于我们浑身都湿透了，就像刚刚穿着衣服洗过澡似的！ 　[句式剖析]　 这是一个复合句。主句为“sb.be doing sth. when...”句型，其中的when是并列连词，意为“在那时”，相当于and then或and at the same time。 that连接的是结果状语从句，该从句中又包含了as if连接的方式状语从句。 I was watching the TV programme when the telephone rang. 我正在看电视节目，这时电话铃响了。 He was reviewing his lessons when someone knocked at the door. 他正在复习功课，这时有人敲门。 [句式拓展] (1)be doing...when... 正在做……这时…… (2)be about to do...when... ＝be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时…… Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户，这时一只小鸟吸引了他的注意。 (3)had just done...when... 刚做了……这时…… I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 我刚写完试卷，铃声就响了。 [迁移应用] (1)I was wandering through the street a beggar stopped me for some money. (2)Jack had just arrived home he received an urgent order. (3)He was on the point of (run) away when the police came. (4)I (walk) along the river when I heard a drowning boy crying for help. Activity 1　规律探究 感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题。 1．She can speak English though she is six. 2．They must be in the classroom. 3．The young man can't carry the big stone. 4．You will do as I told you. (1)方框中的黑体词为情态动词，这类词本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语动词，一般只能和 一起构成谓语动词。 (2)构成否定句时，not放在情态动词 。 (3)情态动词一般无 和 的变化，个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。 Activity 2　语法精析 Modal Verbs(情态动词) 一、情态动词的概念 情态动词(Modal Verbs)本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，如命令、允诺、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、能力、敢于、需要等。情态动词有词义但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语动词，一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。 二、情态动词的特征 1．情态动词后面一般直接加动词原形，除ought＋to do sth.； 2．情态动词没有人称和数的变化，第三人称单数的现在时也无变化； 3．情态动词没有非谓语形式；即没有不定式、动名词或分词形式； 4．情态动词只有现在式和过去式两种形式，但可以表示现在、过去和将来时间。 三、情态动词的用法 1．can与could的用法 (1)表示能力：can用来表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力。 (2)表示请求和许可：could语气比can委婉，但回答时只能用can。 (3)表示推测，意为“可能”。多用于否定句或疑问句。 (4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“可能会”。 I can play basketball now, but I couldn't when I was young. 现在我会打篮球了，但小时候我不会。 —Can/Could you lend me a hand? —Yes，I can. ——你能帮我一下吗？ ——我能。 —Can he be in the reading room now? —No，he can't be in it.Because I saw him in the office just now. ——他现在可能在阅览室吗？ ——不，他不可能在(阅览室)。因为我刚刚在办公室看见他了。 I think some advertisements can be quite dangerous. 我认为有些广告可能会非常有害。 [比较]　can, be able to表示“能力”时的区别 can 用于指现在，常表示自身具有的能力。 be able to 用于各种时态，表示经过努力后所具有的能力。 Babies can swim when they are born. 婴儿们刚生下来时会游泳。(自身具有的能力) Without his hard work, he was not able to get good grades. 如果没有他的努力工作，他是不可能取得好成绩的。(经过努力) 2．may与might的用法 (1)表示征求对方的许可或允许(不用might)。 (2)表示推测(把握不大)意为“可能”，多用于肯定句。might比may可能性更小。 (3)may用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 —May I come in? —Yes, you may/can. ——我可以进来吗？ ——是的，你可以进来。 It may/might rain this afternoon.You'd better take a raincoat with you. 今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。 May you have a good journey! 祝你旅途愉快！ [注意]　 may表示“允许”的否定形式是must not(不应该，不许可)。 —May I take this book out of the reading room? —No, you mustn't. ——我可以把这本书拿出阅览室吗？ ——不行。 3．ought to的用法 (1)ought to“应该”，表示责任或义务。用于表示按道理应当，常指客观的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用should代替，但比should语气重。 (2)ought to“应该”，表示劝告、建议或命令。should和ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。 ought to的否定式为oughtn't to或ought not to。 (3)ought to“应该”，表示推测。可与should换用。 You ought to follow the old man's advice. 你应当听那位老人的建议。 You ought to go to the clinic at once. You don't look well. 你脸色不好，应该马上到医务室去。 This is where the oil ought to/should be. 这里应该就是石油存在的地方。 4．must的用法 (1)表示命令或强烈的建议，意为“必须”。 (2)表示十分肯定的推测，意为“一定；准是”。 (3)表示说话人的一种态度，意为“偏要；硬要；偏偏”。 (4)must not表示禁止，意思是“不许”“不准”“不可以”等。 All the students must obey the school rules. 所有学生必须遵守校规。 Betty must be in the next room.I can hear her talking there. 贝蒂肯定在隔壁房间。我能听见她在那儿讲话。 Must you make so much noise when I have a rest? 你非得在我休息时弄出这么大的声音吗？ You mustn't stop your car in the busy street. 你不能把车停在繁忙的路上。 [注意] 回答must问句时，肯定回答多用must；否定回答多用needn't或don't have to。 —Must I finish my homework before eight o'clock? —Yes, you must.(No, you needn't或you don't have to.) ——我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？ ——是的，必须。(不，没必要。) [比较]　 must和have to (1)have to“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为don't/doesn't/didn't have to。 (2)have to表示一种客观的需要，而must表示一种主观的需要。 It's too late.I have to go home now. 天色太晚了，我现在得回家了。 You don't have to finish the work now. 你现在没有必要完成这项工作。 You must cut down on smoking. 你必须少抽些烟。 5．dare的用法 (1)dare可用作实义动词和情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“敢”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及条件句中，一般不用于肯定句。 (2)dare用作实义动词时意为“敢于”，可以有各种词形变化，可用于各类句型(肯定句、否定句、疑问句及各类从句等)，其后多接带to的不定式。有时to也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑问句中)，可用于非谓语形式、完成时态等。 (3)情态动词dare可以有过去式dared，但也可以直接用dare表示过去式。 I don't know whether he dare try. 我不知他是否敢试一试。 Dare you tell her the truth? 你敢告诉她事实真相吗？ I daren't ask her for a rise. 我不敢要求她加薪。 I wonder how he dares to say such things. 我纳闷他怎么竟敢说出这样的话来。 Did he dare to tell her? 他敢告诉她吗？ We don't dare (to) say anything. 我们什么也不敢说。 四、“情态动词＋have done”的用法 “情态动词＋have done”表示对过去事情的推测或者表示虚拟语气。各情态动词的这种具体用法如下表： can't/couldn't have done 过去一定未做(表推测) must have done 过去一定做了(表推测) may/might have done 过去也许做了(表推测) could have done 本能做而未做(表虚拟) should/ought to have done 本该做而未做(表虚拟) needn't have done 本不必做而做了(表虚拟) He can't/couldn't have watched TV last night, for he knew he would have a test. 昨天晚上他不可能看电视，因为他知道就要考试了。 From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心了。 You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them. 你本应该早点告诉我，不然的话我就会和他们一块去了。 They could have sent up the satellite successfully. 他们本来有能力成功发射这颗卫星的。 I needn't have cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry. 我本不必做这么多吃的，大家都不饿。 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The government refused to (谈判) with terrorists. 2．Tom was (羞愧的) of having lied to his parents. 3．It took all his (自控力) not to shout at them. 4．Both sides met in order to try to (解决) their differences. 5．I called the station to (询问) about train times. 6．I (回忆) the way they had been dancing together. 7．He had crept up on his (无提防之心的) victim from behind. 8．Whether you (投票) for or against the plan doesn't seem to matter very much. 9．The pottery was (打包) in boxes and shipped to the U．S. 10．The government have issued a (警告) to the citizens that the fish may not be fit to eat. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．We received over 300 (inquire) about the job. 2．I have completed every (assign) you gave me. 3．He has (mature) beyond his years. 4．Will it be (inconvenience) for him to attend that meeting? 5．Her most (annoy) habit was eating with her mouth open. 6．They agreed to try to settle their dispute by (negotiate). 7．She made a (resolve) to visit her relatives more often. 8．He was ashamed of his (shame) behavior. Ⅲ.短语填空 ask...for help, make sure, make a phone call, keep silent, negotiate with 1．You must during the exam. 2．We've decided to the employers about our wage claims. 3．They are trying to 5G terminals will have been installed by 2022 for the Beijing winter Olympics. 4．You'd better first to make an appointment. 5．If you get into trouble, don't hesitate to ． $