专项08 阅读理解（专项训练）六年级英语寒假专项提升（译林版三起）

专题08 阅读理解 01 答题技巧 02 知识精练 答题技巧 阅读理解就像侦探破案，抓住 “找线索、对答案” 的套路，轻松搞定！ 1. 先看题干，带着问题找答案 别急着读文章！先扫一眼后面的题目和选项，圈出关键词（比如人名、地名、数字、时间）。带着问题去读文章，就像带着 “寻人启事” 找人，目标超明确，不会读得稀里糊涂。例：题目问 “When did Lucy go to the park?”，就去文章里找 “Lucy” 和 “park”，再盯时间词。 2. 略读全文，摸清文章 “大框架” 快速读一遍文章，不用抠每个单词的意思，重点搞懂 2 件事： 主题：这篇是讲旅行、动物、还是小故事？ 脉络：故事的人物、时间、地点大概是什么？遇到不认识的单词，直接跳过，不影响理解大意就行。 3. 定位关键词，精准 “锁答案” 这是最核心的一步！把题干里的关键词，代入文章中找相同或相似的句子，答案基本就在附近。 细节题（问时间、地点、数字）：直接在原文里 “对号入座”，原文有啥选啥，千万别自己瞎猜。 词义猜测题：看这个单词的前后句，比如 “The little girl is very shy. She doesn’t like talking to strangers.”，通过后一句就能猜出 shy 是 “害羞的”。 主旨题（问文章主要讲什么）：看开头和结尾！大部分文章的主旨都会在首尾段点明。 4. 排除干扰项，别被 “陷阱” 坑 遇到不确定的选项，用排除法踢走错误答案： 排除和原文相反的选项（比如原文说 “red”，选项说 “blue”）。 排除没提到的选项（文章里压根没说的内容，再合理也不能选）。 排除偷换概念的选项（比如原文说 “小明有苹果”，选项说 “小明有香蕉”）。 5. 复读核对，别留 “小漏洞” 做完所有题，再回头看一眼不确定的地方，把选项代入原文检查： 细节题：看和原文表述是否完全一致。 主旨题：看是否能概括整篇文章，而不是某一个小段落。 小提醒：先易后难，合理分配时间 遇到难的题目先做个小标记，把简单的题先搞定，最后再回头啃 “硬骨头”，别在一道题上浪费太多时间！ 小试牛刀 一、阅读选择 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 The signs are important in our daily life. They can be in pictures or in words to give people something useful. What do people think are good signs? If you are thinking about making signs for others, what should you know? First, the most important thing is that signs should be simple (简单的) and easy to understand. It is important to use clear words. Second, the words should be easy to write and you just need to write down what you want to do. “Keep off the grass” is a very good one. It means you shouldn’t walk on the grass. Now there is a saying, “A picture paints a thousand (千) words.” Maybe that’s why you are seeing more and more signs in pictures, or words with pictures. However, that’s the difficult part, because picture signs may have different meanings in different countries. 1．A good sign should be ______. (    ) A．clear B．beautiful C．fun D．difficult 2．Which sign is the best according to the passage? (    ) A．Don’t park your car here. B．No cars can be here. C．No parking. D．Parking your car here is not right. 3．The writer uses “A picture paints a thousand words.” to show that ______. (    ) A．a word sign is not important at all B．a picture sign says more than a word sign C．a word sign says more than a picture sign D．a picture sign may have different meanings in different countries 4．Where can you find this passage? (    ) A．In a poster. B．In a storybook. C．In a letter. D．In a magazine. 阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 Are you an eating-lover? Do you want to eat every delicious food in the world? You can watch the popular program “A Bite of China”. It’s a TV program on Chinese delicious food which has been produced by CCTV. Here are several traditional (传统的) Chinese foods. Noodles are a symbol (象征) of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part of Chinese birthday celebration as a birthday cake with its candles lit in many Western countries. Since noodles mean long life, people think it very unlucky to cut it off. Although Westerners sometimes may be very sorry to see fish lying on the plate, in China a whole fish means richness. In fact, at a party it is a tradition to serve the whole fish last, pointed towards the most important guest (客人). Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese word for fish, “yu”, sounds like the word for richness or plenty, and people believe that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come. A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat Festival is zongzi. This tasty dish is made of rice dumplings with meat, peanuts or other delicious food in bamboo leaves. The tradition of zongzi is meant to make us think of a great poet, Qu Yuan in Chinese history. 5．“A Bite of China” is ______. (    ) A．a newspaper B．a film C．a TV program 6．In traditional Chinese culture, people will eat ______ on their birthdays. (    ) A．eggs B．fish C．noodles 7．The underlined word “plenty” may mean ______. (    ) A．充足 B．浪费 C．节约 8．How many traditional Chinese foods does the passage mention (提及)? (    ) A．3. B．2. C．4. 9．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? (    ) A．Fish has a special meaning in Chinese culture. B．Birthday noodles mean long life in Chinese culture. C．Some festivals are celebrated without (没有) special food. 根据短文内容选择正确的答案。 Now, pets can travel on some high-speed train (高铁) in China! This new service (服务) started on the Beijing—Shanghai High-Speed Railway. Passengers can bring their cat or dog on the train. You can book (预订) this service at www.12306.cn at least (至少) two days before your travel. Each pet must be healthy, and it’s not too big. Pets are put in nice and special (特别的) boxes. They are in a special place. They are far from where people sit. Railway workers watch them every two hours or less. Pet owners are happy about this new service. But some people worry about their pets’ safety. Anyway, it’s a great step for pet lovers! 10．Pets can travel on the ______ High-Speed Railway. (    ) A．Harbin—Beijing B．Beijing—Shanghai C．Beijing—Hangzhou 11．The underline word “passengers” means “______” in Chinese. (    ) A．员工 B．行人 C．乘客 12．The ______ pets can take the high-speed train. (    ) ①healthy    ②quiet    ③clever   ④small A．①② B．②③ C．①④ 13．Railway workers watch pets every _______ hours or less. (    ) A．two B．three C．four 14．Which of the following is right? (    ) ①The pets are put in nice and special boxes. ②The pets are far away from where people sit. ③Most pet owners are worried about this new service. ④You can book the service at www.12306.cn at least two days before your travel. A．①③④ B．①②③④ C．①②④ 观察图片，根据通讯变化图内容，选择正确的选项。 15．We started to use the Internet in ______. (    ) A．2G B．3G C．4G D．5G 16．We can ______ on the phone in 2G. (    ) A．watch cartoons B．watch films C．send messages D．send emails 17．We can have classes on the Internet in ______. (    ) A．2000s B．2020s C．1990s D．2010s 18．In 4G, we started to use ______ to pay. (    ) A．telephone B．cash (现金) C．phone D．computer 19．Which of the following is NOT right according to the picture? (    ) A．Our life becomes faster and convenient. B．We can do more and more things on the Internet. C．We become more and more clever. 二、阅读判断 阅读理解，判断正(T)误(F)。 It was a beautiful spring morning. There were no clouds in the sky, and the weather was warm but not hot. Mr Black saw an old man at the bus stop with a big and black umbrella in his hand. Mr Black said to him, “Do you think it is going to rain today?” “No,” answered the old man. “I don’t think so.” “Then are you carrying the umbrella because the weather is too hot?” “No. The weather is not very hot in spring.” Mr Black looked at the big umbrella again, and the old man said, “I’m an old man, and my legs are not strong. I must have a walking stick (拐杖). But people will say, ‘Look! That man is so old.’ And I don’t like that. When I carry an umbrella in fine weather, people only say, ‘Look at the foolish man.’” 20．It was warm and cloudy. ( ) 21．Mr Black saw an old man with an umbrella at the bus stop. ( ) 22．There was no rain on that day. ( ) 23．The old man liked to carry a walking stick when he went out. ( ) 24．When the old man carried an umbrella in fine weather, people didn’t think he was foolish. ( ) 阅读短文，判断下列句子意思是(T)否(F)与文章相符。 Jim lives in the country. He loves playing in the river near his old house, but now his father has a job in a big city, so he moves there with his family. Their new house has a garden, but the garden is very small. So Jim isn’t happy. “Is there a river nearby?” he asks his mother on the first morning. His mother answers, “No, there isn’t. But there’s a nice park near here, and there’s a pool in it. We are going there this afternoon.” Hearing it, Jim is happy now. After lunch, Jim and his mother go to the park. Jim wants to walk near the pool, but there is a sign near it. His mother reads it to him, “Be careful! This pool is dangerous. 367 people have fallen (掉进) into it.” Jim looks into the pool carefully, and he says, “But I can’t see them.” 25．There is a small garden near Jim’s old house. ( ) 26．Jim moves to a big city because his mother has a job in the big city. ( ) 27．Jim becomes happy because he’s going to see the nice garden. ( ) 28．The sign tells people to take care of the pool. ( ) 29．It is not dangerous to swim in the pool. ( ) 根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)。 Rawi is a student and he lives in Malaysia (马来西亚). He likes sharing videos of eating different foods on TikTok (抖音). But his video about eating snow had a warming (警告). In Malaysia, it’s hot most of the time. So almost all of people there love cold food. Maybe that’s why Rawi wanted to eat snow when he saw it. Last winter, he went to Norway and made a video about eating a snowball. He wrote in the caption(字幕), “Never eat snow! I had a fever, a cough and body aches for eight days because of this.” This is not his first time to do this. Rawi said, “When I studied in the UK before, I often ate snow from an unpolluted (未受污染的) place. But I never got ill.” Doctors tell us that snow isn’t very clean. When it falls, it collects dirty things in the air. Sometimes there are bad things, especially (尤其是) yellow and brown snow. So it’s never safe to eat snow. 30．Rawi likes sharing videos of eating snow on TikTok. ( ) 31．Rawi wanted to eat snow because he was hungry. ( ) 32．Rawi had a cough, a fever and body ache after he ate the snowball. ( ) 33．The snow isn’t clean because it collects dirty things from the air. ( ) 34．Rawi ate snow in Malaysia before. ( ) 三、任务型阅读 阅读绘本故事，完成下列各题。 35．选择合适的词补全故事，注意使用其正确形式。 read  become  hard  through  are  live Long long ago, there a boy. His name is Kuang Heng. He wanted to study. But he in a very poor family. He had no money to buy books. He has to work for rich people. He worked very . But he said he did not want money. He only wanted their books. He only had time to read at night. But he did not have an oil lamp. He found a hole in the wall. He made the hole bigger. So the light could pass the hole. He read the books by the light. He studied every night. He read many books. Finally, he a great scholar. 36．根据文章，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 (1) Kuang Heng’s family was very rich. ( ) (2) Kuang Heng liked reading books. ( ) (3) Kuang Heng worked at night and read books in the morning. ( ) (4) Kuang Heng was a clever boy. ( ) 参考答案与解析 一、1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍生活中的标志。 1．句意：一个好的标志应该是____。A清晰的，B漂亮的，C有趣的，D困难的。根据“It is important to use clear words.”可知是清晰的，故选A。 2．句意：根据文章哪个标志最好？A不要在这里停车。B这里不能有车。C不要停车。D在这里停你的车是不对的。根据“Second, the words should be easy to write and you just need to write down what you want to do.”可知应简单书写并只需写下想做的即可，故选C。 3．句意：作者使用“一图胜千言。”为了表达____。A一个词的标志根本不重要，B一个图的标志比一个词的标志说得更多，C一个词的标志说得比一幅图的标志更多，D一个图的标志在不同的国家可能有不同的意思。根据句意可知应是图的标志比词的标志说得更多，故选B。 4．句意：你可以在哪里找到这篇文章？A在一张海报上。B在一本故事书里。C在一封信里。D在一本杂志里。根据文章内容可知主要介绍百科知识，可知在杂志里，故选D。 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．C 【导语】本文讲了饮食。 5．句意：“舌尖上的中国”是_______。a newspaper一张报纸，a film一部电影，a TV program一档电视节目，根据“You can watch the popular program “A Bite of China”.”，可知是一档电视节目，故选C。 6．句意：在中国传统文化中，人们会在生日那天吃______。eggs鸡蛋，fish鱼，noodles面条，根据“Noodles are a symbol (象征) of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part of Chinese birthday celebration as a birthday cake with its candles lit in many Western countries.”，可知吃面条，故选C。 7．句意：划线单词“plenty”可能的意思是_______。根据短文语境可知plenty的意思是充足，故选A。 8．句意：这篇文章提到了多少中国传统食物？根据短文“Noodles, fish 和zongzi ”可知提到了三种，故选A。 9．句意：根据文章，以下哪一项是不正确的？选项A鱼在中国文化中有着特殊的意义。选项B在中国文化中，生日面条意味着长寿。选项C有些节日庆祝时没有特别的食物。 根据全文，可知选项C描述不正确，故选C。 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．C 【导语】本文介绍了宠物乘坐高铁这一项新服务。 10．句意：宠物可以乘坐______的高铁旅行。Harbin—Beijing哈尔滨—北京；Beijing—Shanghai北京—上海；Beijing—Hangzhou北京—杭州。根据文中“This new service (服务) started on the Beijing—Shanghai High-Speed Railway.”可知宠物可以乘坐北京—上海的高铁旅行，故选B。 11．句意：划线单词“Passengers”的汉语意思是“______”。根据文中“Passengers can bring their cat or dog on the train.”可知乘客可以带着宠物乘坐火车旅行，选项C符合题意，故选C。 12．句意：______的宠物可以乘高铁。healthy健康的；quiet安静的；clever聪明的；small小的。根据文中“Each pet must be healthy, and it’s not too big.”可知乘坐高铁的宠物必须是健康的且不能太大，选项C符合题意，故选C。 13．句意：铁路工作人员每______小时或更短时间查看一次宠物。two二；three三；four四。根据文中“Railway workers watch them every two hours or less.”可知铁路工作人员每两小时或更短时间查看一次宠物，选项A符合题意，故选A。 14．句意：下列哪一项是正确的？根据文中“Pets are put in nice and special (特别的) boxes.”、“They are far from where people sit.”和“You can book (预定) this service at www.12306.cn at least (至少) two days before your travel.”可知宠物被放在漂亮且特别的盒子里；它们离人们坐的地方很远；可以在出发前两天登录www.12306.cn 网站上预订宠物乘坐高铁这项服务，选项C符合题意，故选C。 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．C 19．C 【导语】本文介绍了从20世纪80年代到21世纪20年代的通讯变化。 15．句意：在3G网络下，我们开始使用互联网。根据图片可知在3G网络下开始可以使用互联网(Using the Internet)，选项B符合题意，故选B。 16．句意：在2G网络下，我们可以在手机上发送信息。A看卡通动画，B看电影，C发送信息，D发送电子邮件，根据图片可知在2G网络下可以发送信息(Sending messages)，选项C符合题意，故选C。 17．句意：在2010s，我们可以在互联网上上课。根据图片可知在2010s，可以在互联网上上课(Having classes on the Internet)，选项D符合题意，故选D。 18．句意：在4G网络下，我们开始使用手机进行支付。A电话，B现金，C手机，D电脑，根据图片可知在4G网络下，我们可以使用手机支付(Paying on the phone)，选项C符合题意，故选C。 19．句意：根据图片，以下哪一项是不正确的？A我们的生活变得更快捷、更方便。B我们可以在互联网上做越来越多的事情。C我们变得越来越聪明。根据图片，可知通讯的不断变化，使我们的生活变得越来越快捷、方便，并且我们可以在互联网上做越来越多的事情。文中没有提到是否能使我们变得越来越聪明，故选C。 20．F 21．T 22．T 23．F 24．F 【导语】本文讲述了一个关于老人在晴朗春日携带雨伞的趣味小故事，核心是老人用雨伞掩饰拐杖的小心思。 20．句意：今天温暖且多云。根据“There were no clouds in the sky, and the weather was warm but not hot.”，可知今天没有云，故答案为F。 21．句意：布莱克先生在公共汽车站看见一个拿着伞的老人。 根据“Mr Black saw an old man at the bus stop with a big and black umbrella in his hand.”，可知题干与短文相符，故答案为T。 22．句意：那天没有雨。根据全文可知那天没有雨，故答案为T。 23．句意：这位老人出门时喜欢带拐杖。原文提到老人“must have a walking stick”(必须用拐杖)，但“不愿被人说年纪大”，所以用雨伞代替拐杖，并非 “喜欢带拐杖”，故答案为F。 24．句意：当这位老人在晴朗的天气里撑伞时，人们并不认为他是愚蠢的。根据“When I carry an umbrella in fine weather, people only say, ‘Look at the foolish man.’”，可知人们认为他愚蠢，故答案为F。 25．F 26．F 27．F 28．F 29．F 【导语】本文讲了吉姆新家附近的公园。 25．句意：吉姆的老房子附近有一个小花园。根据“He loves playing in the river near his old house, but now his father has a job in a big city, so he moves there with his family.”，可知吉姆的老房子附近有一条河，故答案为F。 26．句意：吉姆搬到了大城市，因为他妈妈在大城市有工作。根据“He loves playing in the river near his old house, but now his father has a job in a big city, so he moves there with his family.”，可知吉姆的的爸爸在大城市里有工作，故答案为F。 27．句意：吉姆很高兴，因为他要去看漂亮的花园。根据第三段可知吉姆高兴，是因为公园里有一个游泳池，故答案为F。 28．句意：标志告诉人们要照管游泳池。根据第四段可知标志要告诉人们要小心游泳池，故答案为F。 29．句意：在游泳池里游泳并不危险。根据“This pool is dangerous.”，可知很危险，故答案为F。 30．F 31．F 32．T 33．T 34．F 【导语】本文主要通过讲述Rawi吃雪的经历来告诫大家不要吃雪。 30．句意：Rawi喜欢在抖音上分享吃雪的视频。根据文中“He likes sharing videos of eating different foods on TikTok (抖音).”可知Rawi喜欢在抖音上分享吃不同食物的视频，句子与原文不符，故答案为F。 31．句意：Rawi想要吃雪，是因为他饿了。根据文中“In Malaysia, it’s hot most of the time. So almost all of people there love cold food. Maybe that’s why Rawi wanted to eat snow when he saw it.”可知Rawi想要吃雪，可能的原因是马来西亚人喜欢凉的食物，句子与原文不符，故答案为F。 32．句意：Rawi吃完雪球后咳嗽，发烧并且身体疼痛。根据文中“Never eat snow! I had a fever, a cough and body aches for eight days because of this.”可知Rawi吃完雪球后咳嗽，发烧并且身体疼痛，句子与原文相符，故答案为T。 33．句意：雪是不干净的，因为它从空气中收集了脏东西。根据文中“Doctors tell us that snow isn’t very clean. When it falls, it collects dirty things in the air.”可知雪不干净的原因是收集了空气中的脏东西，句子与原文相符，故答案为T。 34．句意：Rawi以前在马来西亚吃过雪。根据文中“When I studied in the UK before, I often ate snow from an unpolluted (未受污染的) place.”可知Rawi以前在英国吃过雪，不是在马来西亚，句子与原文不符，故答案为F。 35．was lived hard to read through became 36．F T F T 【导语】本文主要介绍了《凿壁借光》的故事。 35．句意：很久很久以前，有一个男孩。句子是there be句型，时态是一般过去时，a boy是单数，be动词用was，故答案为was。 句意：但是他住在一个非常贫穷的家里。live in动词短语，居住，时态是一般现在时，动词live用过去式lived，故答案为lived。 句意：他工作非常努力。work hard动词短语，工作努力，故答案为hard。 句意：他只想读他们的书。read their books动词短语，读他们的书，want to do sth固定搭配，想要做某事，故答案为to read。 句意：因此光线可以通过洞照进来。句子缺少介词，通过洞用介词through，故答案为through。 句意：最后，他成为一个伟大的学者。句子缺少介词，become动词，成为，符合题意，时态是一般过去时，become用过去式became。故答案为became。 36．(1)句意：匡衡的家庭非常富有。根据“But he lived in a very poor family.”可知匡衡的家非常贫穷，句子和短文不符，故答案为F。 (2)句意：匡衡喜欢读书。根据“But he said he did not want money. He only wanted to read their books.”可知匡衡非常喜欢读书，句子和短文相符，故答案为T。 (3)句意：匡衡晚上工作并且早上读书。根据“He only had time to read at night.”可知匡衡白天工作晚上读书，句子和短文不符，故答案为F。 (4)句意：匡衡是一个聪明的男孩。根据“He only had time to read at night. But he did not have an oil lamp. He found a hole in the wall. He made the hole bigger. So the light could pass through the hole.”可知匡衡是一个聪明的男孩，句子和短文相符，故答案为T。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $