Unit 7 Section Ⅱ语法学习课（教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册高中同步学案（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦英语否定表达这一核心知识点，通过情境探究引导学生识别句子中的否定词，系统梳理全部否定、部分否定等六种否定类型，并结合即学活用练习与语法主题应用，构建“识别-理解-应用”的完整学习支架。 该资料以情境任务激活语言能力，通过分类详解培养思维品质，如对比全部否定与部分否定的差异，即学活用与翻译练习助力知识迁移。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生巩固否定表达用法，查漏补缺，提升英语语言运用能力。

表达否定意义的词或词组 [情境探究] 用下划线标出下面句子中表示否定意义的词。 1．Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if they had nothing to do with contemporary life. 2．Unless Oliver can escape, he will never be reunited with Mr Barnlow­he will have no real family and none of the love he deserves, but only bad luck. 3．However, from there the film takes many twists not found in the novel. 4．Oliver does not like anything about the workhouse. 5．Mike's sneakers were old and muddy, and he had little talent for soccer. [要义详析] 英语中常见一些否定表达， 其分类如下： 一、全部否定 全部否定是完全否认一个事物的存在、成立或真实性。该类否定词有： neither, none, no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere, not, never, not nearly, not a bit, absolutely not等。 *He will absolutely not go to hospital. 他绝不去医院。 *I have never lost the weight I put on in my teens. 我在十几岁时增加的体重从没减下去过。 *They were shut away in a little room where nobody could overhear. 他们躲在一个小屋子里， 没有人能偷听得到。 二、部分否定 表示两者的部分否定常用both... not (not... both); 表示两者以上的部分否定常用all... not (not... all); every... not (not... every). 此外， 可用于部分否定的副词有not everywhere, not absolutely, not altogether, not always, not necessarily 等。 *Not all of them were invited. 他们当中并不是人人都受到了邀请。 *However, mountains are not everywhere for people to climb. 但并不是每个地方都有山可以给人爬。 三、含有否定意义的词 由hardly, rarely, scarcely, barely, seldom, few, little 等半否定词和含有否定意义的限定词构成否定陈述句。 *I've hardly slept in three days. 我三天之中几乎没睡。 *I've seldom felt so happy. 我很少感到过这么快乐了。 四、形式上肯定， 意义上否定的词组 free from, far from, out of the question, anything but, more than, the last..., would rather... than, rather than, instead of, prefer... to, above, beyond, against等介词或短语构成否定陈述。 *These animals could at any time break free from their ropes. 这些动物可以在任何时候从捆住它们的绳索中挣脱出来。 *Now I can walk to work instead of going by car. 现在我可以步行去上班， 而不必开车了。 *It is totally out of the question to postpone the midnight deadline. 延迟午夜的最后期限是根本不可能的。 五、形式上否定但意义上肯定的短语 can't... too/ enough..., can't/ couldn't help but, couldn't... better/ more, no/ not/ never... but, no more than, nothing but, not a little, can't wait to, not long before, not... until, more often than not, as likely as not等。 *We cannot emphasize too much the importance of learning English. 我们再怎样强调学英语的重要性也不为过。 *In the 1960s, we couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own. 在20世纪60年代， 我们通过尽可能远地、尽可能快地离开家来证明我们能自立。 *He didn't receive the recognition he deserved until late in life. 他直到晚年才获得他应得的赞誉。 六、否定转移 当think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时， 通常把从句中的not提前， 把主句变成否定句， 从句用肯定形式。 *I don't believe that George ever had to punish the children. 我认为乔治根本没有必要处罚孩子们。 ⊙即学活用 根据句意填入适当的表示否定意义的单词 (1)—John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday? —Neither. I'll be off to London then. (2)I got this bicycle for nothing. My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. (3)All that you find on the Internet is not useful. So you'd better go to the library to find the needed information. (4)Of all the speeches delivered in this contest today, none was impressive except Extend the Passion by the student from Class 18. (5)When crossing the street, you cannot be careful enough. (6)The health problem deserves attention, for we can do nothing without health. (7)Hardly had the thief heard someone knocking at the door when he ran away. (8)It was not until his father came back that he went to sleep. [语法主题应用] 运用本单元所学语法知识翻译下列语段 我的同事汤姆从星期一到星期五从来都没有时间去锻炼身体。他总是觉得他的工作一点也不令人满意。尽管他的朋友都不吸烟， 但他吸烟很上瘾。前不久他不幸得了癌症。现在要完全治愈癌症是不可能的。目前， 能治愈的人很少。此刻他几乎没有力气打开门。他的健康问题我们解决不了， 除非他照顾好自己。 众所周知， 没有什么比健康更重要。担忧太多也是没有用的。有时候结果同你想的完全不同。要不是他自己疏忽大意， 他本来会很健康的。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： My colleague Tom never has time to take part in physical exercise during the weekdays. He always feels his work is far from being satisfactory. Although none of his friends smokes, he is addicted to smoking. Unfortunately, he had cancer not long ago. Today it is impossible to cure cancer completely. At present, very few people can be cured. Now he hardly has strength to open the door. His health problem is more than we can deal with, unless he takes care of himself. As we all know, nothing is more important than health. It is also useless to worry about too much. Sometimes, the result is completely different from what you think. But for his carelessness, he would have been very healthy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $