Unit 1 Winter holidays（易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语鲁科版五年级下册

Unit 1 Winter holidays 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.visit 的用法（及物动词，无需加介词） 2.learn sth. from sb. 的介词搭配 3. have a good time 的固定短语用法 4. 动词短语辨析（go+动名词/do+名词） 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 (1) I visited my grandparents in the country. (2) He visited a police station with his parents. 易错点提示 visit 是及物动词，后面可以直接接宾语（人或地点），不需要额外加介词 to /in 等。 宾语类型： 接人：visit sb. （拜访某人） 接地点：visit sp. （参观某地） 反例：错误表达 visit to Beijing /visit in my teacher 小练笔 1.My parents will ________ (visit to) Shanghai next week. （用正确形式填空） 2.翻译：他上周拜访了他的祖父母。 3.选出错误的句子：( ) A. We visited the Great Wall last summer. B. She wants to visit to her uncle this weekend. 4.They ________ (visit) the science museum yesterday afternoon. （用正确形式填空） 5.改为同义句：We will go to see our old neighbors this Sunday. We will ________ our old neighbors this Sunday. 点拨 1.答案：visit。visit 是及物动词，直接接宾语 Shanghai，不需要加介词 to。 2.答案：He visited his grandparents last week. “拜访祖父母” 用 visit his grandparents，直接接宾语。 3.选 B。visit 后直接接人作宾语，不需要加介词 to，正确表达应为 visit her uncle。 4.答案：visited。根据时间状语 yesterday afternoon 可知用一般过去时，visit 的过去式为 visited。 5.答案：visit。“go to see sb.” 可替换为及物动词 visit，直接接宾语。 高频易错点02 Jenny learned the yangge dance from Grandma. learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习某事 / 某物 易错点提示 表示 “向某人学习” 时，必须用介词 from，不能用 of /to/with 等介词。 结构拆解： learn 后接学习的内容（sth.） 介词 from 引出学习的对象（sb.） 反例：错误表达 learn sth. to sb. /learn sth. of sb. 小练笔 1.We should learn English ________ (from /to) Miss Li. （选择正确介词） 2.翻译：我从爷爷那里学到了很多关于种树的知识。 3.选出正确的句子：( ) A. She learns painting from her art teacher. B. He learns Chinese to his father every day. 4.The little boy learned how to make a model plane ________ his cousin. （填介词） 5.对划线部分提问：Lily learns dancing from her aunt. ________ ________ Lily learn dancing from? 点拨 1.答案：from。表示 “向李老师学习英语”，用介词 from。 2.答案：I learned a lot about planting trees from my grandfather. “从爷爷那里学习” 用介词 from。 3.选 A。“向某人学习” 的正确搭配是 learn sth. from sb.，B 选项中介词 to 使用错误。 4.答案：from。固定搭配 learn sth. from sb.，表示 “向某人学习某事”。 5.答案：Who does。划线部分 her aunt 是人，用 who 提问；句子是一般现在时，主语 Lily 是第三人称单数，助动词用 does。 高频易错点03 I had a good time in Hainan. have a good time 意为玩得开心；过得愉快 易错点提示 这是固定短语，time 在这里是不可数名词，前面不能加冠词 a 以外的冠词（如 an /the），也不能变成复数 times。 同义短语：have a great time /have a nice time /have fun /enjoy oneself 常用场景：表达祝福或描述过去的愉快经历 后接 “在某地 / 做某事” 时，加介词 in /at/doing sth. 例：have a good time in Beijing（在北京玩得开心） have a good time watching a movie（看电影看得愉快） 反例：错误表达 have a good times /have the good time 小练笔 1.They ________ (have a good time) at the party yesterday. （用正确形式填空） 2.翻译：祝你在上海玩得开心！ 3.选出错误的句子：( ) A. We had a great time swimming in the pool. B. She hopes to have a good times on her trip. 4.The children ________ (have a good time) in the park now. （用正确形式填空） 5.改为同义句：We enjoyed ourselves at the New Year party. We ________ ________ ________ ________ at the New Year party. 点拨 1答案：had a good time。根据时间状语 yesterday 可知用一般过去时，have 的过去式为 had。 2.答案：Wish you a good time in Shanghai! / Have a good time in Shanghai! 3.选 B。time 在短语中是不可数名词，不能加 s 变成复数，正确表达应为 have a good time。 4.答案：are having a good time。根据时间状语 now 可知用现在进行时，结构为 be + 动词 - ing 形式。 5.答案：had a good time。“enjoy oneself” 和 “have a good time” 是同义短语，原句为一般过去时，have 用过去式 had。 高频易错点04 1.go ice-skating 去滑冰、go skiing 去滑雪、go swimming 去游泳 2.do homework 做作业、do sports 做运动、do some reading 读书 易错点提示 go+动名词形式：表示“去进行某项活动” 常见搭配如go shopping、go hiking、go camping、go ice-skating、go skiing。 do+名词形式：表示“做某事” 常见搭配如do housework、do exercise、do a puzzle、do some sightseeing。 小练笔 1.( ) They often ______ skiing in the mountains during winter holidays. A. go B. goes C. do D. does 2.( ) My brother likes to ______ some reading in the evening. A. go B. do C. play D. have 3.She ______ (go) ice-skating with her friends last weekend. 4.We ______ (do) some sightseeing in Xi'an when we visited there. 5.My parents ______ (go) hiking every winter and they ______ (do) a lot of exercise. 点拨 1.选A。go skiing是固定搭配，主语they是复数，一般现在时用动词原形go，故选A。 2.选B。do some reading是固定搭配，意为“读书”，故选B。 3.答案：went。last weekend是过去时间，go的过去式是went，go ice-skating是固定短语。 4.答案：did。visited提示用一般过去时，do some sightseeing是固定短语，do的过去式是did。 5.答案：go；do。every winter提示用一般现在时，主语my parents是复数，用动词原形go和do；go hiking和do exercise均为固定搭配。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.We ______ (visit) the Great Wall with our parents last winter holiday. 2.My sister ______ (learn) a lot about Chinese history from her history teacher. 3.They ______ (have) a good time at the beach during their trip to Sanya. 4.Tom and his friends often ______ (go) skating in the park on weekends. 5.My mother ______ (do) some shopping in the supermarket yesterday afternoon. 6.The students ______ (not go) to school last Monday because it was a holiday. 7.He ______ (show) his photos of the winter holiday to his classmates this morning. 8.Each of us ______ (want) to learn English well. 9.It's ______ (Lily) turn to talk about her winter holiday. 10.We ______ (not have) a picnic last Sunday because the weather was bad. 二、单项选择题 ( )1. My brother ______ his grandparents in the countryside last month. A. visited to B. visited C. visit D. visits to ( )2. We should learn from ______ because ______ has a lot of experience. A. he; him B. his; he C. him; he D. he; his ( )3. They ______ a good time ______ in the snow yesterday. A. had; play B. have; playing C. had; playing D. have; play ( )4. —What did you do last weekend? — I ______ some reading and ______ hiking with my friends. A. do; go B. did; went C. do; went D. did; go ( )5. My parents ______ to Beijing next year and they want to ______ the Palace Museum. A. will go; visit B. go; visit to C. will go; visit to D. go; visit ( )6. Each student ______ a story about their winter holiday in class now. A. tell B. tells C. is telling D. are telling ( )7. —Did you ______ a good time at the party? —Yes, we ______ many new friends there. A. had; made B. have; made C. have; make D. had; make ( )8. She ______ English from her cousin when she was a little girl. Now she ______ English very well. A. learned; speaks B. learned; spoke C. learns; speaks D. learns; spoke ( )9. —______ did you learn from the film? —I learned a lot about teamwork. A. What B. Who C. Where D. When ( )10. They plan to ______ camping this weekend and ______ some photos of nature. A. go; take B. go; took C. do; take D. do; took 三、句型转换 1.He visited his uncle in Shanghai last summer.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ his uncle in Shanghai last summer? 2.We had a great time in Hainan.（改为同义句） We ______ ______ in Hainan. 3.Lily learns English from her sister.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ Lily ______ English from? 4.They went skiing during their winter holiday.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ during their winter holiday? 5.My parents do some sightseeing every year.（改为一般过去时） My parents ______ some sightseeing ______ year. 6.他去年在乡下拜访了他的祖父母。（翻译句子） He ______ his grandparents in the countryside ______ year. 7.我们从这次旅行中学到了很多。（翻译句子） We ______ a lot ______ this trip. 8.She has to finish her homework before dinner.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ ______ finish her homework before dinner. 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子 1.我寒假期间去哈尔滨滑雪了。 I ______ ______ in Harbin during the winter holiday. 2.他们去年参观了很多名胜古迹。 They ______ many places of interest ______ year. 3.我的朋友从他的爷爷那里学到了如何钓鱼。 My friend ______ how to fish ______ his grandfather. 4.轮到大明分享他的寒假经历了。 It's Daming's turn ______ ______ his winter holiday experience. 5.孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。 The children ______ ______ ______ ______ in the park. 6.她以前喜欢周末去购物。 She ______ ______ ______ shopping on weekends before. 7.我们不得不早起赶火车。 We ______ ______ get up early to catch the train. 8.汤姆向我们展示了他在海南拍的照片。 Tom ______ ______ his photos taken in Hainan. 9.每位学生都应该向优秀的同学学习。 Each student should ______ ______ excellent classmates. 10.他们去年春节期间过得很愉快。 They ______ ______ ______ ______ during the Spring Festival last year. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. visited 2. learns 3. had 4. go 5. did 6. didn't go 7. showed 8. wants 9. Lily's 10. didn't have 1. visited 解析：句中“last winter holiday”表明是一般过去时，“visit”的过去式是“visited”，句意为“去年寒假我们和父母一起参观了长城”。 2. learns 解析：主语“My sister”是第三人称单数，且句中无特殊时态标志，用一般现在时，“learn”的三单形式是“learns”，句意为“我姐姐从她的历史老师那里学到了很多关于中国历史的知识”。 3. had 解析：“during their trip to Sanya”提示动作已发生，用一般过去时，“have a good time”的过去式是“had a good time”，句意为“他们去三亚旅行时在海滩玩得很开心”。 4. go 解析：“often”是一般现在时标志，主语“Tom and his friends”是复数，谓语动词用原形，“go skating”意为“去滑冰”，句意为“汤姆和他的朋友经常周末去公园滑冰”。 5. did 解析：句中“yesterday afternoon”表明是一般过去时，“do some shopping”的过去式是“did some shopping”，句意为“我妈妈昨天下午去超市购物了”。 6. didn't go 解析：“last Monday”和“because it was a holiday”提示用一般过去时，否定句需加助动词“didn't”，后接动词原形“go”，句意为“上周一是假日，学生们不用去上学”。 7. showed 解析：“this morning”若指已过去的上午，用一般过去时，“show”的过去式是“showed”，“show sth. to sb.”意为“给某人看某物”，句意为“今天早上他给同学们看了他的寒假照片”。 8. wants 解析：“each of us”作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“want”的三单是“wants”，句意为“我们每个人都想学好英语”。 9. Lily's 解析：“It's one's turn”结构中“one's”需用名词所有格，“Lily”的所有格是“Lily's”，句意为“轮到莉莉分享她的寒假生活了”。 10. didn't have 解析：“last Sunday”表明是一般过去时，否定句用助动词“didn't”，后接动词原形“have”，句意为“上周日天气不好，我们没有去野餐”。 二、单项选择题 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A 1. B 解析：“visit”是及物动词，后直接接宾语，无需加介词“to”；“last month”提示用一般过去时，“visit”的过去式是“visited”，故选B。 2. C 解析：第一空“from”是介词，后接人称代词宾格“him”；第二空作主语，用主格“he”，句意为“我们应该向他学习，因为他有很多经验”，故选C。 3. C 解析：“yesterday”提示用一般过去时，“have”的过去式是“had”；“have a good time doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“做某事很开心”，故选C。 4. B 解析：问句“What did you do...”是一般过去时，答句需保持时态一致，“do some reading”和“go hiking”的过去式分别是“did some reading”和“went hiking”，故选B。 5. A 解析：“next year”提示第一空用一般将来时“will go”；“visit”是及物动词，后直接接宾语“the Palace Museum”，无需加“to”，故选A。 6. C 解析：“now”提示用现在进行时（be + 现在分词）；“each student”作主语，be动词用“is”，“tell”的现在分词是“telling”，故选C。 7. B 解析：问句助动词“Did”后接动词原形“have”；答句动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，“make friends”的过去式是“made friends”，故选B。 8. A 解析：“when she was a little girl”提示第一空用一般过去时，“learn”的过去式是“learned”；“now”提示第二空用一般现在时，主语“she”是三单，“speak”用三单“speaks”，故选A。 9. A 解析：根据答语“I learned a lot about teamwork.”可知，问句提问“学到了什么”，用疑问词“What”，故选A。 10. A 解析：“plan to do sth.”后接动词原形，“go camping”是固定搭配，意为“去露营”；“and”连接并列成分，前后均用原形，“take photos”意为“拍照”，故选A。 三、句型转换 1. Did; visit 2. enjoyed ourselves 3. Who; does; learn 4. What; did; do 5. did; last 6. visited; last 7. learned; from 8. doesn't have to 1. Did; visit 解析：一般过去时的一般疑问句需加助动词“Did”，后接动词原形“visit”，句意为“他去年夏天去上海拜访他的叔叔了吗？”。 2. enjoyed ourselves 解析：“had a great time”的同义短语是“enjoyed ourselves”（主语是we），均为一般过去时，句意为“我们在海南玩得很开心”。 3. Who; does; learn 解析：画线部分“her sister”是人，用疑问词“Who”提问；主语“Lily”是三单，一般现在时疑问句加助动词“does”，后接动词原形“learn”，句意为“莉莉向谁学英语？”。 4. What; did; do 解析：画线部分“went skiing”是动作，用疑问词“What”提问；一般过去时疑问句加助动词“did”，后接动词原形“do”，句意为“他们寒假期间做了什么？”。 5. did; last 解析：一般过去时中“do some sightseeing”的过去式是“did some sightseeing”；“every year”改为“last year”，句意为“我父母去年去观光了”。 6. visited; last 解析：“拜访”译为“visit”，过去式是“visited”；“去年”译为“last year”，句意为“He visited his grandparents in the countryside last year.”。 7. learned; from 解析：“学到了很多”译为“learned a lot”（一般过去时）；“从……中学到”用固定搭配“learn from”，句意为“We learned a lot from this trip.”。 8. doesn't have to 解析：主语“she”是三单，一般现在时否定句加助动词“doesn't”，后接动词原形“have to”，句意为“她不必在晚饭前完成作业”。 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子 1. went skiing 2. visited; last 3. learned; from 4. to share 5. had a good time 6. liked going 7. have to 8. showed us 9. learn from 10. had a good time 1. went skiing 解析：“滑雪”译为“go skiing”，“寒假期间”提示用一般过去时，“go”的过去式是“went”，句意为“I went skiing in Harbin during the winter holiday.”。 2. visited; last 解析：“参观”译为“visit”，过去式是“visited”；“去年”译为“last year”，句意为“They visited many places of interest last year.”。 3. learned; from 解析：“学到如何钓鱼”译为“learn how to fish”，过去式是“learned how to fish”；“从……那里”用“from”，句意为“My friend learned how to fish from his grandfather.”。 4. to share 解析：“It's one's turn to do sth.”是固定结构，“分享”译为“share”，句意为“It's Daming's turn to share his winter holiday experience.”。 5. had a good time 解析：“玩得很开心”译为“had a good time”（动作已发生，用一般过去时），句意为“The children had a good time in the park.”。 6. liked going 解析：“以前喜欢”提示用一般过去时，“like doing sth.”是固定搭配，“go shopping”译为“going shopping”，句意为“She liked going shopping on weekends before.”。 7. have to 解析：“不得不”译为“have to”，主语“we”是复数，用原形，句意为“We have to get up early to catch the train.”。 8. showed us 解析：“向我们展示”译为“show us”，动作已发生，用一般过去时“showed us”，句意为“Tom showed us his photos taken in Hainan.”。 9. learn from 解析：“向……学习”译为“learn from”，“should”后接动词原形，句意为“Each student should learn from excellent classmates.”。 10. had a good time 解析：“过得很愉快”译为“had a good time”，“last year”提示用一般过去时，句意为“They had a good time during the Spring Festival last year.”。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $