专题09 形容词（复习讲义）（辽宁专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题09 形容词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破......................................................................................................................3 考点一 形容词的分类和句法功能 3 考点二 形容词的词形转换规则 5 考点三 易混淆形容词用法辨析 8 考点四 形容词的比较级 12 04 优题精选· 练能提分...........................................................................................................................................15 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 形容词词义辨析 · 掌握形容词的基本用法，形容词在句中可以作定语、表语和补足语等辨析 · 10年10考 辽宁新中考试题，强调在语言环境中考查形容词词义。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。从考查形式看，主要有完形填空和语篇填空。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用形容词的能力。 ‌形容词的变化规则 · 掌握形容词+-ly变副词，名词变形容词，动词变形容词，常考词性转化为形容词以及短语和句型 · 10年10考 形容词的比较等级‌ · 掌握形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化及重要表达‌ · 近10年连续考查 目标导航： 1. 形容词的词形转换； 2. 形容词的比较级和最高级； 3. 形容词词义辨析。 ❤锦囊妙计 语篇填空主要有以下几个考向： 1. 比较等级：形容词比较级、形容词最高级； 2. 词性转换：形容词变副词。 锦囊：变比较等级 1. 含有标志词than时要用比较级： 2. 形容词前由表示程度的副词（词组）a little. a bit.a lot. much. even.far等修饰时，常用该形容词的比较级： 3. 在固定结构中，如：the+比较级，the+比较级：one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数： 4. 在形容词比较等级的常见结构中。 考点一 形容词的分类和句法功能 形容词（adjective）：常翻译为“......的”，通常置于名词之前，也可以在系动词或代词之后。在句中主要作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，可以用来修饰名词、代词等，也可以单独使用。 1.形容词的分类 分类 说明 性质形容词 用于表示人或物所具有的性质。在英语中，大量的形容词属于这一类别，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。 funny滑稽的，lovely可爱的，healthy健康的 类别形容词 用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。这一类形容词往往没有程度大小的区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。 financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的 颜色形容词 用于表示事物颜色的形容词。这一类形容词没有比较级和最高级。 blue蓝色的，green绿色的，white白色的 叙述形容词 这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 afraid害怕的，alone单独的，asleep睡着的，worth值得的，ill病的 分词形容词 英语中有些表情感态度的动词，如excite，worry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。 worried担优的，worrying令人担忧的，exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的 复合形容词 指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。 three-year-old三岁的，ordinary-looking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的 2.形容词的句法功能 1. 作定语： 形容词作定语一般位于被修饰的词的前面。由“形容词＋介词短语/不定式短语”构成的形容词 短语作定语时要后置。 例1.My mother tells me a funny story. 妈妈给我讲了一个非常有趣的故事。 例2. It is a problem difficult to solve. 这是一个难解决的问题。 2. 作状语：形容词作状语用来说明主语的情况，表示原因、结果、伴随、时间、条件或方式，可位于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号将其与其他部分隔开。形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 例1. Light­hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.　她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。 例2. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. 一天，我心力交瘁，写下了问题未被解决的所有原因。 3. 作表语：形容词作表语位于系动词be, feel, get, become, turn, prove, seem等之后。 例1. It is usually positive.这通常是积极的。 例2. She is unpopular with her classmates. 她不受同学们的欢迎。 4. 作补足语： 例1.Doing regular exercise can help to make one energetic.做有规律的锻炼可以帮助使一个人精力充沛。 例2.You’ll find yourself virtually alone.你会发现自己几乎孤身一人。 【知识拓展】 1. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。 Would you like something hot to drink? 你想喝点热的东西吗？ 2. 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 The bridge is about two hundred metres long. 这座桥长约两百米。 3. 多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列：限定词(冠词、数词、代词等)→描绘性形容词→大、小(长、短、高、低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新、旧)形容词→颜色形容词、国籍形容词、材料形容词、用途(类别)形容词、名词。 【巧记顺口溜】限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。 her charming small round pink face 她迷人的小而圆的粉红脸蛋 1.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）Finally, they went to get two twigs (树枝) because the snowman still needed two arms. They also made sure the twigs were enough so that birds could stand on them to sing their cheerful songs. A．beautiful B．soft C．close D．strong 2.（2025·辽宁·本溪·模拟预测）Three men who were stranded (被困住) on a Pacific island for ten days were successfully saved on April 9, 2024, thanks to their “HELP” sign made with palm fronds (棕榈叶). A．interesting B．smart C．active D．polite 3. （2025·辽宁·本溪·模拟预测）But poor weather conditions and limited resources (有限的资源) in the area made the searching . With the help and support of the locals living near the island, they carefully searched an area of over 100,000 miles. A．difficult B．meaningless C．important D．unexpected 考点二 形容词的词形转换规则 1.形容词后缀变化规律 （1）名词、动词加后缀构成形容词 后缀 示例 名词+-y health-healthy; noise-noisy; leaf-leafy; sun-sunny; rain-rainy; snow-snowy 名词+-ful power-powerful; peace-peaceful; beauty-beautiful; wonder-wonderful; help-helpful; faith-faithful; shame-shameful; thank-thankful 名词+-less care-careless; hope-hopeless; use-useless; wire-wireless 名词+-ic energy-energetic; base-basic 名词+-en wood-wooden；gold—golden; wool-woolen 名词+-al/-ial nation-national；education—educational；nature—natural；addition—additional 名词＋­ish fool-foolish; self-selfish; boy-boyish; child—childish 名词＋­ous danger-dangerous; courage-courageous; fame-famous; envy-envious 名词＋­ly friend-friendly; order-orderly; time-timely; month-monthly; year-yearly; day-daily 名词/动词＋­able/-ible advise-advisable; comfort-comfortable; afford-affordable; value-valuable; horror-horrible; sense-sensible 动词＋­ive act-active; impress-impressive （2）高频考查形容词后缀 1．-able能……的；可……的 accept→acceptable可接受的 adapt→adaptable能适应的 adjust→adjustable可调节的 afford→affordable负担得起的 rely→reliable可信赖的，可依靠的 change→changeable易变的 admire→admirable可钦佩的 believe→believable可相信的 2.形容词后缀-able具有……的特点 enjoy→enjoyable令人愉快的 suit→suitable合适的 comfort→comfortable舒适的 fashion→fashionable时髦的 reason→reasonable合理的 value→valuable有价值的 knowledge→knowledgeable有知识的，博学的 3．形容词后缀-ful/-less cheer→cheerful兴高采烈的 doubt→doubtful怀疑的 forget→forgetful健忘的 thought→thoughtful周到的；深思的 peace→peaceful和平的 success→successful成功的 regret→regretful后悔的 harm→harmful 有害的→harmless 无害的 help→helpful 有帮助的→helpless 无助的； hope→hopeful 有希望的→hopeless 绝望的 use→useful 有用的→useless 无用的；无效的 power→powerful强有力的→powerless无力的 meaning→meaningful 有意义的→meaningless 无意义的 4．形容词后缀-ive/-ative act→active积极的；活跃的 attract→attractive有吸引力的 impress→impressive给人深刻印象的 instruct→instructive有教育意义的 create→creative创造性的 progress→progressive进步的 talk→talkative健谈的 effect→effective有效的 5．形容词后缀-ous/-ious continue→continuous不断的；持续的 anxiety→anxious忧虑的 caution→cautious小心的；谨慎的 curiosity→curious好奇的 danger→dangerous危险的 humor→humorous幽默的 mountain→mountainous多山的 religion→religious宗教的 6．形容词后缀-ble/-ible horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的 terror→terrible可怕的；糟糕的 vision→visible看得见的 access→accessible容易达到的；容易取得的 7．形容词后缀-y fog→foggy多雾的 taste→tasty美味的；可口的 luck→lucky幸运的 health→healthy健康的 dirt→dirty有灰尘的；脏的 greed→greedy贪婪的 sun→sunny阳光明媚的 wealth→wealthy富裕的；丰富的 8．形容词后缀-al/-ial culture→cultural文化的 practice→practical实际的 music→musical音乐的 origin→original最初的 person→personal个人的；私人的 center→central中央的；中心的 nature→natural自然的；天生的 tradition→traditional传统的 profession→professional专业的；职业的benefit→beneficial有益的 face→facial面部的 industry→industrial工业的 9．形容词后缀-ic science→scientific科学的 economy→economic经济的 history→historic历史上著名的 history→historical具有重大历史意义的 energy→energetic精力充沛的 class→classic经典的 10．形容词后缀-en wood→wooden木制的 gold→golden金色的 wool→wool(l)en羊毛的 11．形容词后缀-ly dead→deadly致命的 live→lively活跃的 friend→friendly友好的 year→yearly每年的 month→monthly每月的 week→weekly每周的 day→daily每日的；日常的 cost→costly昂贵的 order→orderly有次序的 2.形容词前缀变化规则 前缀 示例 extra-超出，特别 extraordinary非凡的；extra-large特大的 anti- 反；抗 antinuclear反对使用核武的；anti-Japanese war抗日战争 un- 不，非 unable不能的；unhappy不快乐的 in- 不，非 inactive不活动的；inconvenient不方便的 im- 不，非 impossible不可能的；impolite不礼貌的 ir- 不，非 irregular不规则的；irresponsible无责任感的 il- 不，非 illegal非法的；illogical不合逻辑的 non- 不，非 nonviolent非暴力的；nonprofit非盈利的 一、完型填空 1.（2025·辽宁本溪·模拟预测）Do you often feel sleepy or excited to go to school when it’s raining? A．less B．more C．much D．even 2.（2025·辽宁本溪·模拟预测）Scientists have found that rain can really make us . Here are the reasons. A．painful B．relaxed C．sleepy D．bored 二、语篇填空 3.（2025·辽宁·锦州·三模）Today, the holiday celebrates young people’s achievements and encourages them to be responsible and (create). 4.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·模拟预测）Tourists, who are interested in the tulou, love to come to the (amaze) building. 5.（2025·辽宁阜新·二模） (one) of all, I come to understand that everyone makes mistakes; it is simply a part of being human. Accepting this cuts down my stress and helps me get better. 考点三 易混淆形容词用法辨析 1.既可作形容词又可作副词且有­ly表抽象概念(有­ly)的词 情况 形容词 副词（抽象含义） deep 深的The hole is deep. 深地；在深处He worked deep into the night.他工作到深夜。 deeply 深深地；深刻地He is deeply moved .他被深深地打动了。 wide 宽阔的；宽的a wide river 关阔地；充分地Open your eyes wide.睁大你的眼睛。 widely 广泛地 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界上被普遍应用。 high 高的 高；向高处He jumps high.他跳的很高。 highly 高度地；非常He is highly spoken of.他被高度评价。 close 近的；亲密的；仔细的 挨着；接近Stand close to the door.站的挨着门。 closely 密切地 Listen closely.仔细地听。 2. 易混形容词辨析 （1）pleased，pleasing与pleasant 易混单词 讲解 例句 pleased pleased的含义是“感到满意，高兴”，后常跟介词at, with。 I'm pleased to see you here. 在这儿见到你很高兴。 She's pleased with our programme. 她对我们的节目很满意。 pleasing pleasing表示“令人欣喜的”，相当于“giving pleasure” My sister's progress in dancing is pleasing. 我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。 The baby has a pleasing voice. 这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。 pleasant pleasant表示“快乐的，愉快的” The girl has a pleasant childhood. 这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。 To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite. 过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。 （2）living, alive与live living living作定语时，既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于所修饰的名词之后，译为"活着的,当代的"。在句中充当定语及表语 Not all living things live on sunlight. 并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生存。 My grandparents are still living. 我的祖父母仍然健在。 alive alive译为“活着的”，可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后。 alive还有“活泼的，活动的，有生机的”之意。 He may be the busiest person alive. 他可能是世上最忙的人了。 Is that sheep dead or alive? 那头羊是死了还是活着？ live live表示“活着的”，做“现场直播”讲时可以用作形容词、副词，在句子中可以作定语，表语。 You seem very much alive today. 你今天看起来很活跃。 The programme is live./The programme is broadcast live. 这个节目是现场直播的。 （3）worth，worthy与worth while worth worth意为“值得的”，后接v-ing形式，构成“be worth doing”结构，也可接表示价格的名词及钱数； This coat is worth one hundred yuan. 这件上衣价值一百元。 worthy worthy意为“值得的”，后接“of+名词（或being+过去分词）”，构成“be worthy of+名词（或being done）”结构或“be worthy to be done”结构。 This problem is worthy of being discussed. 这个问题值得讨论。 worth while be worth while to do sth/doing sth （4）likely与possible, probable likely 的主语可以是it也可以是名词或其它代词，而possible和probable只能用it作主语。 3. 含形容词的句型总结 ① It’s ＋ adj. ＋ to do sth. 做某事是……，如： It’s interesting to see two people talking that way. 看见两个人那样说话很有趣。 ② It’s ＋ adj. ＋for sb. ＋ to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……（此句型中形容词通常为difficult， easy， hard， dangerous， safe， useful， pleasant， interesting， impossible等），如： It’s impossible for a child to answer the question. 小孩子不可能回答出这个问题。 It’s dangerous for you to swim alone. 你自己一个人去游泳很危险。 ③ It’s ＋ adj. ＋of sb. ＋ to do sth. 某人做某事是……（此句型中形容词通常为good， kind， nice， polite， clever， foolish， lazy， careful， careless等形容人的品质的），如： It’s nice of you to help me. 你帮我，你真好。 ④ 主语＋find/think/make/consider/feel 等＋it＋ adj.＋ to do sth. 某人发现/认为/使得/考虑/感觉做某事是……，如： I find it impossible to finish my homework in one day. 我觉得一天内无法完成家庭作业。 ⑤ 主语＋ be ＋ adj. ＋ to do sth. 某人……做某事（此句型中形容词通常为glad， pleased， sorry， sad， thankful， ready， able， sure， certain等），如： I’m very sorry to hear the news. 听到这个消息我很难过。 I’m glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。 Tom is sure/certain to come. 汤姆一定会来。 4.-ing和-ed类形容词 4.1. -ing类和-ed类形容词总结 astonishing令人惊呆的 astonished 惊呆的 boring 令人讨厌的 bored感到厌烦的 amazing令人惊讶的 amazed感到惊讶的 confusing使混淆的 confused感到困惑的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的 terrifying令人恐惧 terrified感到恐惧的 frightening令人害怕的 frightened害怕的 satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的 embarrassing令人尴尬的 embarrassed尴尬的 tiring 令人厌倦的 tired感到厌烦的 interested 令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的 moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的 exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到激动的 touching 触动人心的 touched感动的 puzzling 令人困惑不解的 puzzled感到困惑的 surprising 令人惊奇的 surprised感到好奇的 4.2. -ing类和-ed类形容词易混点 （1）以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人……的”，常作定语；主要用于说明事物， 表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。 （2）以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）……的”，常作表语；通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。 ☞He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。 ☞He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他告诉了我这个消息，声音很激动。 ☞The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。 ☞The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。 ☞a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕) a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕) ☞an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动) an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动) 1.（24-25辽宁·营口·月考）This is because it has deep (culture) meanings. 2. （24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中）On February 27, an air taxi completed its (one) text flight in Guangdong. 3.（24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中）We Chinese are 248 (pride) of the science development. Many experts believe that the technology of low-altitude flights may spread all over the country. 4. （24-25辽宁·本溪·开学考试）Boya was (excite) and decided to play more music for Ziqi. 5.（2025·辽宁鞍山·二模） At the Gala, 16 robots, made by Unitree, performed a (tradition) dance. 考点四 形容词的比较级 1.形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 2.形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 3.形容词比较等级的重要表达 (1) 修饰比较级的词有：rather，much，still，even，far，by far (后置)，a lot，a little，a great deal，a bit, any，one of及序数词修饰，表示程度或顺序。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们甚至比以前学习更努力了。 The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read. 这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。 The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。 (2) 比较级+than... (比......更......) He rises earlier than anyone else in his class. 他比班里其他人都起得早。 (3) less+than 多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词+than... (不如......) This book is less amusing than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 (4) the+比较级+of (两者中更......的) He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的。 (5) the+比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语（越......就越......） The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 你越认真，犯的错误就越少。 （6）“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越来越……” 在“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构中，单音节形容词或副词用“形容词/副词­er＋and＋形容词/副词­er”结构，多音节形容词和副词常用“more and more＋形容词或副词原级”结构。 Things are getting better and better day by day.情况正在一天天好起来。 It's becoming more and more difficult to find a rewarding job.找一份令人满意的工作越来越困难了。 （8）否定词与比较级连用表示最高级 I have never heard a better voice. 我从来没有听过比这更好听的声音。 【名词提醒】 1. 类似用法的结构：can't/couldn't ... too＋adj./adv.＝can't/couldn't ... ＋adj./adv.＋enough 表示“无论……也不为过”。 2.英语中有些词没有比较级，但仍可表示比较级的意思，通常与介词to连用，不与than共同使用，如：senior, junior, superior, inferior等。 4.倍数表达法 · A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B · A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B · A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋B · The＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B · A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句 ☞This building is three times higher than that one. This building is three times as high as that one. This building is three times the height of that one. 这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。 ☞The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008. ＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.今年的产量是2008年的三倍。 1. （24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试）According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually (little) than five millimeters in size. 2. （2025·辽宁·抚顺·二模）The school collects uniforms in two ways—either from graduating students who give away their old ones, or from older students like Zhao Zitong. Before passing these uniforms on to (young) students, the school makes sure each one gets a deep professional cleaning to make sure they’re clean and safe to wear. 3.（2025·辽宁·大连·模拟预测）Whenever possible, she will take part in activities to help make the environment ______ (good) than before. 4.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）That’s why kids think food tastes (strong) than grown-ups do! 5.（2025·辽宁·锦州·三模）She also finds it (special) and expressive (有表现力的) than many other dance styles. 6. （2025·辽宁·铁岭·二模）“I think Chinese will be really (use). My grandma and other family members speak it, so I hope to talk with them in Chinese,” 7.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）That’s why kids think food tastes (strong) than grown-ups do! 8.（2025·辽宁·模拟预测）The scientists examined a 370-mile-long section of the wall and found that the parts covered in biocrust remained (good) than other parts. 9.（2025·辽宁铁岭·三模）The (old) tea archaeologists (考古学家) have found so far is almost 2,200 years old. 10.（2025·辽宁丹东·二模）If some people set off fireworks nearby, be sure to stand far away. The (far) away you are, the better. 一、语篇填空 （2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模） Giraffes are the world’s tallest land animal. At birth, a baby giraffe is about 1.8 metres tall and weighs about 68 kilograms. A giraffe’s tongue (舌头) is usually black, blue or purple 1 can be about 50 cm long. That means the animal can use its tongue 2 (get) food high in the tree. Healthy giraffes can live about 25 years in the wild. In the zoo, they can live 28 years or longer. Giraffes often live in groups of 10 to 20. A group of giraffes is called a “tower”. Giraffes’ groups can change every day, even from hour 3 hour. A “tower” of giraffes you see today might not be the same one you see tomorrow. It’s amazing, isn’t it? Living in groups offers many 4 (advantage) to giraffes. It helps giraffes share information about food and water and provides 5 (safe) in numbers in a “tower”. Giraffes play 6 important role in nature. But now they are in trouble. The number of giraffes is getting smaller. People 7 (hunt) giraffes for a long time for their meat, coats and tails. Habitat loss (栖息地丧失) is 8 (big) problem among the ones they face now. Giraffes are 9 (true) special animals. Learning about the problems they face helps us protect them. By sharing these wonderful facts, we can help do something to make sure giraffes and 10 (they) homes are safe for the future. 二、完形填空 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lei Feng is a well-known character in China. He was born in a poor family. At a young age, he went through a lot of 11 times. However, he always had a warm heart and was willing to 12 others. Lei Feng joined the army in 1960. During his time in the army, he did many good things. He often helped his comrades (同志) with their studies and daily 13 . Every time someone was in trouble, Lei Feng was always the first one to offer a hand. For example, he would help old people 14 heavy things, and he would spend his own money buying train tickets for those who had lost theirs. What made Lei Feng 15 was not just the big things he did, but also the countless small acts of kindness. He kept a diary, in which he 16 his thoughts and experiences of helping others. His 17 became a record of his selfless spirit (无私精神). 18 , Lei Feng lost his life in 1962 at the young age of 22. But his spirit has lived on. Since then, March 5th has been set as “Learn from Lei Feng Day” in China. On this day, people, especially students, are 19 to do good things and follow Lei Feng’s example. The spirit of Lei Feng teaches us to be kind, selfless, and 20 . It tells us that even the smallest act of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s life. 11．A．happy B．rich C．hard D．weak 12．A．leave B．help C．stop D．attract 13．A．secrets B．lives C．chores D．habits 14．A．carry B．change C．steal D．lose 15．A．normal B．safe C．special D．foreign 16．A．set up B．pulled down C．put up D．wrote down 17．A．diary B．video C．book D．passage 18．A．Clearly B．Sadly C．Differently D．Proudly 19．A．laughed B．protected C．chosen D．encouraged 20．A．helpful B．harmful C．wonderful D．peaceful （24-25九年级下·辽宁鞍山·月考） It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn’t healed (痊愈) from an earlier injury. I had questioned whether or not I should attend the meet. But there I was 21 for the 3,000-meter run. “Ready ... set ...” The gun sounded and we were off. The other girls 22 ahead of me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind. “Hooray!” The crowd shouted. It was the loudest cheer I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps (圈) ahead of me when she 23 the finish line. “Maybe I should give up,” I thought as I ran. However, I kept going. During the last two laps, I ran in 24 and decided not to race next year, even if my foot had healed by then. When I 25 , I heard louder cheers. I turned around and saw that the boys were 26 for their own run. “They must be cheering for the boys,” I thought. I was leaving the meet when several girls 27 me. “Wow, you’ve shown a lot of 28 !” One of them told me. “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?” I had hope again and 29 to stick to the run next year. I realized that strength and courage aren’t always measured (衡量) in medals or victories, but in the difficulties we overcome. The 30 people are not always those who win, but those who don’t give up, even when they are losing. 21．A．ready B．calm C．scared D．thankful 22．A．fled B．rushed C．turned D．jumped 23．A．cut B．went C．beat D．crossed 24．A．return B．pain C．detail D．public 25．A．finished B．dropped C．fell D．lost 26．A．looking B．calling C．paying D．preparing 27．A．came up to B．came up with C．looked up to D．looked forward to 28．A．difference B．responsibility C．courage D．patience 29．A．answered B．offered C．provided D．decided 30．A．most interesting B．brightest C．most important D．strongest 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 形容词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破......................................................................................................................3 考点一 形容词的分类和句法功能 3 考点二 形容词的词形转换规则 5 考点三 易混淆形容词用法辨析 9 考点四 形容词的比较级 13 04 优题精选· 练能提分...........................................................................................................................................17 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 形容词词义辨析 · 掌握形容词的基本用法，形容词在句中可以作定语、表语和补足语等辨析 · 10年10考 辽宁新中考试题，强调在语言环境中考查形容词词义。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。从考查形式看，主要有完形填空和语篇填空。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用形容词的能力。 ‌形容词的变化规则 · 掌握形容词+-ly变副词，名词变形容词，动词变形容词，常考词性转化为形容词以及短语和句型 · 10年10考 形容词的比较等级‌ · 掌握形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化及重要表达‌ · 近10年连续考查 目标导航： 1. 形容词的词形转换； 2. 形容词的比较级和最高级； 3. 形容词词义辨析。 ❤锦囊妙计 语篇填空主要有以下几个考向： 1. 比较等级：形容词比较级、形容词最高级； 2. 词性转换：形容词变副词。 锦囊：变比较等级 1. 含有标志词than时要用比较级： 2. 形容词前由表示程度的副词（词组）a little. a bit.a lot. much. even.far等修饰时，常用该形容词的比较级： 3. 在固定结构中，如：the+比较级，the+比较级：one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数： 4. 在形容词比较等级的常见结构中。 考点一 形容词的分类和句法功能 形容词（adjective）：常翻译为“......的”，通常置于名词之前，也可以在系动词或代词之后。在句中主要作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，可以用来修饰名词、代词等，也可以单独使用。 1.形容词的分类 分类 说明 性质形容词 用于表示人或物所具有的性质。在英语中，大量的形容词属于这一类别，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。 funny滑稽的，lovely可爱的，healthy健康的 类别形容词 用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。这一类形容词往往没有程度大小的区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。 financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的 颜色形容词 用于表示事物颜色的形容词。这一类形容词没有比较级和最高级。 blue蓝色的，green绿色的，white白色的 叙述形容词 这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 afraid害怕的，alone单独的，asleep睡着的，worth值得的，ill病的 分词形容词 英语中有些表情感态度的动词，如excite，worry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。 worried担优的，worrying令人担忧的，exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的 复合形容词 指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。 three-year-old三岁的，ordinary-looking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的 2.形容词的句法功能 1. 作定语： 形容词作定语一般位于被修饰的词的前面。由“形容词＋介词短语/不定式短语”构成的形容词 短语作定语时要后置。 例1.My mother tells me a funny story. 妈妈给我讲了一个非常有趣的故事。 例2. It is a problem difficult to solve. 这是一个难解决的问题。 2. 作状语：形容词作状语用来说明主语的情况，表示原因、结果、伴随、时间、条件或方式，可位于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号将其与其他部分隔开。形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 例1. Light­hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.　她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。 例2. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. 一天，我心力交瘁，写下了问题未被解决的所有原因。 3. 作表语：形容词作表语位于系动词be, feel, get, become, turn, prove, seem等之后。 例1. It is usually positive.这通常是积极的。 例2. She is unpopular with her classmates. 她不受同学们的欢迎。 4. 作补足语： 例1.Doing regular exercise can help to make one energetic.做有规律的锻炼可以帮助使一个人精力充沛。 例2.You’ll find yourself virtually alone.你会发现自己几乎孤身一人。 【知识拓展】 1. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。 Would you like something hot to drink? 你想喝点热的东西吗？ 2. 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 The bridge is about two hundred metres long. 这座桥长约两百米。 3. 多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列：限定词(冠词、数词、代词等)→描绘性形容词→大、小(长、短、高、低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新、旧)形容词→颜色形容词、国籍形容词、材料形容词、用途(类别)形容词、名词。 【巧记顺口溜】限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。 her charming small round pink face 她迷人的小而圆的粉红脸蛋 1.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）Finally, they went to get two twigs (树枝) because the snowman still needed two arms. They also made sure the twigs were enough so that birds could stand on them to sing their cheerful songs. A．beautiful B．soft C．close D．strong 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他们还确保树枝足够牢固，以便鸟儿可以站在上面唱欢快的歌。 beautiful美丽的；soft柔软的；close近的；strong牢固的。根据“so that birds could stand on them”可知，树枝需要足够牢固才能让鸟儿站立。故选 D。 2.（2025·辽宁·本溪·模拟预测）Three men who were stranded (被困住) on a Pacific island for ten days were successfully saved on April 9, 2024, thanks to their “HELP” sign made with palm fronds (棕榈叶). A．interesting B．smart C．active D．polite 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2024年4月9日，三名被困在太平洋岛屿上10天的男子成功获救，这要归功于 他们用棕榈叶制作的智能“帮助”标志。interesting有趣的；smart聪明的；active积极的；polite有礼貌的。根据“‘HELP’ sign made with palm fronds”可知，此处指用棕榈叶制做标志牌这一自救方式是聪明的。故选B。 3. （2025·辽宁·本溪·模拟预测）But poor weather conditions and limited resources (有限的资源) in the area made the searching . With the help and support of the locals living near the island, they carefully searched an area of over 100,000 miles. A．difficult B．meaningless C．important D．unexpected 【答案】A 【详解】句意：但该地区恶劣的天气条件和有限的资源使搜寻工作变得困难。 difficult困难的；meaningless无意义的；important重要的；unexpected出乎意料的。根据“poor weather conditions and limited resources”可知，此处指搜索工作很困难。故选A。 考点二 形容词的词形转换规则 1.形容词后缀变化规律 （1）名词、动词加后缀构成形容词 后缀 示例 名词+-y health-healthy; noise-noisy; leaf-leafy; sun-sunny; rain-rainy; snow-snowy 名词+-ful power-powerful; peace-peaceful; beauty-beautiful; wonder-wonderful; help-helpful; faith-faithful; shame-shameful; thank-thankful 名词+-less care-careless; hope-hopeless; use-useless; wire-wireless 名词+-ic energy-energetic; base-basic 名词+-en wood-wooden；gold—golden; wool-woolen 名词+-al/-ial nation-national；education—educational；nature—natural；addition—additional 名词＋­ish fool-foolish; self-selfish; boy-boyish; child—childish 名词＋­ous danger-dangerous; courage-courageous; fame-famous; envy-envious 名词＋­ly friend-friendly; order-orderly; time-timely; month-monthly; year-yearly; day-daily 名词/动词＋­able/-ible advise-advisable; comfort-comfortable; afford-affordable; value-valuable; horror-horrible; sense-sensible 动词＋­ive act-active; impress-impressive （2）高频考查形容词后缀 1．-able能……的；可……的 accept→acceptable可接受的 adapt→adaptable能适应的 adjust→adjustable可调节的 afford→affordable负担得起的 rely→reliable可信赖的，可依靠的 change→changeable易变的 admire→admirable可钦佩的 believe→believable可相信的 2.形容词后缀-able具有……的特点 enjoy→enjoyable令人愉快的 suit→suitable合适的 comfort→comfortable舒适的 fashion→fashionable时髦的 reason→reasonable合理的 value→valuable有价值的 knowledge→knowledgeable有知识的，博学的 3．形容词后缀-ful/-less cheer→cheerful兴高采烈的 doubt→doubtful怀疑的 forget→forgetful健忘的 thought→thoughtful周到的；深思的 peace→peaceful和平的 success→successful成功的 regret→regretful后悔的 harm→harmful 有害的→harmless 无害的 help→helpful 有帮助的→helpless 无助的； hope→hopeful 有希望的→hopeless 绝望的 use→useful 有用的→useless 无用的；无效的 power→powerful强有力的→powerless无力的 meaning→meaningful 有意义的→meaningless 无意义的 4．形容词后缀-ive/-ative act→active积极的；活跃的 attract→attractive有吸引力的 impress→impressive给人深刻印象的 instruct→instructive有教育意义的 create→creative创造性的 progress→progressive进步的 talk→talkative健谈的 effect→effective有效的 5．形容词后缀-ous/-ious continue→continuous不断的；持续的 anxiety→anxious忧虑的 caution→cautious小心的；谨慎的 curiosity→curious好奇的 danger→dangerous危险的 humor→humorous幽默的 mountain→mountainous多山的 religion→religious宗教的 6．形容词后缀-ble/-ible horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的 terror→terrible可怕的；糟糕的 vision→visible看得见的 access→accessible容易达到的；容易取得的 7．形容词后缀-y fog→foggy多雾的 taste→tasty美味的；可口的 luck→lucky幸运的 health→healthy健康的 dirt→dirty有灰尘的；脏的 greed→greedy贪婪的 sun→sunny阳光明媚的 wealth→wealthy富裕的；丰富的 8．形容词后缀-al/-ial culture→cultural文化的 practice→practical实际的 music→musical音乐的 origin→original最初的 person→personal个人的；私人的 center→central中央的；中心的 nature→natural自然的；天生的 tradition→traditional传统的 profession→professional专业的；职业的benefit→beneficial有益的 face→facial面部的 industry→industrial工业的 9．形容词后缀-ic science→scientific科学的 economy→economic经济的 history→historic历史上著名的 history→historical具有重大历史意义的 energy→energetic精力充沛的 class→classic经典的 10．形容词后缀-en wood→wooden木制的 gold→golden金色的 wool→wool(l)en羊毛的 11．形容词后缀-ly dead→deadly致命的 live→lively活跃的 friend→friendly友好的 year→yearly每年的 month→monthly每月的 week→weekly每周的 day→daily每日的；日常的 cost→costly昂贵的 order→orderly有次序的 2.形容词前缀变化规则 前缀 示例 extra-超出，特别 extraordinary非凡的；extra-large特大的 anti- 反；抗 antinuclear反对使用核武的；anti-Japanese war抗日战争 un- 不，非 unable不能的；unhappy不快乐的 in- 不，非 inactive不活动的；inconvenient不方便的 im- 不，非 impossible不可能的；impolite不礼貌的 ir- 不，非 irregular不规则的；irresponsible无责任感的 il- 不，非 illegal非法的；illogical不合逻辑的 non- 不，非 nonviolent非暴力的；nonprofit非盈利的 一、完型填空 1.（2025·辽宁本溪·模拟预测）Do you often feel sleepy or excited to go to school when it’s raining? A．less B．more C．much D．even 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下雨天你是否常感到困倦或更没精神去上学？ less更少；more更多；much非常；even甚至。根据“Do you often feel sleepy…when it’s raining”可知，在下雨天感到困倦或没精神，故选A。 2.（2025·辽宁本溪·模拟预测）Scientists have found that rain can really make us . Here are the reasons. A．painful B．relaxed C．sleepy D．bored 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学家发现雨水确实会让人困倦。 painful痛苦的；relaxed放松的；sleepy困倦的；bored无聊的。根据“Do you often feel sleepy”及“Scientists have found that rain can really make us”可知，在下雨天人们会感到困倦，所以此处指科学家发现雨水确实会让人困倦，故选C。 二、语篇填空 3.（2025·辽宁·锦州·三模）Today, the holiday celebrates young people’s achievements and encourages them to be responsible and (create). 【答案】creative 【详解】句意：今天，这个节日庆祝年轻人的成就，并鼓励他们成为负责任和有创造力的人。and连接并列成分，前面“responsible”是形容词，所以此处也用形容词，“create”的形容词是“creative”，意为“有创造力的”。故填creative。 4.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·模拟预测）Tourists, who are interested in the tulou, love to come to the (amaze) building. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意：对土楼感兴趣的游客喜欢参观这座令人惊叹的建筑。根据“building”可知，形容词作定语，故填amazing。 5.（2025·辽宁阜新·二模） (one) of all, I come to understand that everyone makes mistakes; it is simply a part of being human. Accepting this cuts down my stress and helps me get better. 【答案】First 【详解】句意：首先，我开始明白每个人都会犯错，这是人之常情。根据“of all”可知，这里考查固定短语“first of all”，表示“首先”，用于引出一系列事物或理由中的第一个，故填First。 考点三 易混淆形容词用法辨析 1.既可作形容词又可作副词且有­ly表抽象概念(有­ly)的词 情况 形容词 副词（抽象含义） deep 深的The hole is deep. 深地；在深处He worked deep into the night.他工作到深夜。 deeply 深深地；深刻地He is deeply moved .他被深深地打动了。 wide 宽阔的；宽的a wide river 关阔地；充分地Open your eyes wide.睁大你的眼睛。 widely 广泛地 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界上被普遍应用。 high 高的 高；向高处He jumps high.他跳的很高。 highly 高度地；非常He is highly spoken of.他被高度评价。 close 近的；亲密的；仔细的 挨着；接近Stand close to the door.站的挨着门。 closely 密切地 Listen closely.仔细地听。 2. 易混形容词辨析 （1）pleased，pleasing与pleasant 易混单词 讲解 例句 pleased pleased的含义是“感到满意，高兴”，后常跟介词at, with。 I'm pleased to see you here. 在这儿见到你很高兴。 She's pleased with our programme. 她对我们的节目很满意。 pleasing pleasing表示“令人欣喜的”，相当于“giving pleasure” My sister's progress in dancing is pleasing. 我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。 The baby has a pleasing voice. 这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。 pleasant pleasant表示“快乐的，愉快的” The girl has a pleasant childhood. 这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。 To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite. 过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。 （2）living, alive与live living living作定语时，既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于所修饰的名词之后，译为"活着的,当代的"。在句中充当定语及表语 Not all living things live on sunlight. 并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生存。 My grandparents are still living. 我的祖父母仍然健在。 alive alive译为“活着的”，可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后。 alive还有“活泼的，活动的，有生机的”之意。 He may be the busiest person alive. 他可能是世上最忙的人了。 Is that sheep dead or alive? 那头羊是死了还是活着？ live live表示“活着的”，做“现场直播”讲时可以用作形容词、副词，在句子中可以作定语，表语。 You seem very much alive today. 你今天看起来很活跃。 The programme is live./The programme is broadcast live. 这个节目是现场直播的。 （3）worth，worthy与worth while worth worth意为“值得的”，后接v-ing形式，构成“be worth doing”结构，也可接表示价格的名词及钱数； This coat is worth one hundred yuan. 这件上衣价值一百元。 worthy worthy意为“值得的”，后接“of+名词（或being+过去分词）”，构成“be worthy of+名词（或being done）”结构或“be worthy to be done”结构。 This problem is worthy of being discussed. 这个问题值得讨论。 worth while be worth while to do sth/doing sth （4）likely与possible, probable likely 的主语可以是it也可以是名词或其它代词，而possible和probable只能用it作主语。 3. 含形容词的句型总结 ① It’s ＋ adj. ＋ to do sth. 做某事是……，如： It’s interesting to see two people talking that way. 看见两个人那样说话很有趣。 ② It’s ＋ adj. ＋for sb. ＋ to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……（此句型中形容词通常为difficult， easy， hard， dangerous， safe， useful， pleasant， interesting， impossible等），如： It’s impossible for a child to answer the question. 小孩子不可能回答出这个问题。 It’s dangerous for you to swim alone. 你自己一个人去游泳很危险。 ③ It’s ＋ adj. ＋of sb. ＋ to do sth. 某人做某事是……（此句型中形容词通常为good， kind， nice， polite， clever， foolish， lazy， careful， careless等形容人的品质的），如： It’s nice of you to help me. 你帮我，你真好。 ④ 主语＋find/think/make/consider/feel 等＋it＋ adj.＋ to do sth. 某人发现/认为/使得/考虑/感觉做某事是……，如： I find it impossible to finish my homework in one day. 我觉得一天内无法完成家庭作业。 ⑤ 主语＋ be ＋ adj. ＋ to do sth. 某人……做某事（此句型中形容词通常为glad， pleased， sorry， sad， thankful， ready， able， sure， certain等），如： I’m very sorry to hear the news. 听到这个消息我很难过。 I’m glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。 Tom is sure/certain to come. 汤姆一定会来。 4.-ing和-ed类形容词 4.1. -ing类和-ed类形容词总结 astonishing令人惊呆的 astonished 惊呆的 boring 令人讨厌的 bored感到厌烦的 amazing令人惊讶的 amazed感到惊讶的 confusing使混淆的 confused感到困惑的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的 terrifying令人恐惧 terrified感到恐惧的 frightening令人害怕的 frightened害怕的 satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的 embarrassing令人尴尬的 embarrassed尴尬的 tiring 令人厌倦的 tired感到厌烦的 interested 令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的 moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的 exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到激动的 touching 触动人心的 touched感动的 puzzling 令人困惑不解的 puzzled感到困惑的 surprising 令人惊奇的 surprised感到好奇的 4.2. -ing类和-ed类形容词易混点 （1）以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人……的”，常作定语；主要用于说明事物， 表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。 （2）以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）……的”，常作表语；通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。 ☞He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。 ☞He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他告诉了我这个消息，声音很激动。 ☞The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。 ☞The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。 ☞a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕) a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕) ☞an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动) an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动) 1.（24-25辽宁·营口·月考）This is because it has deep (culture) meanings. 【答案】cultural 【详解】句意：这是因为它有深厚的文化含义。空格后是名词“meanings”，需要用形容词修饰，culture的形容词形式是cultural，表示“文化的”。故填cultural。 2. （24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中）On February 27, an air taxi completed its (one) text flight in Guangdong. 【答案】first 【详解】句意：2月27日，一架空中出租车完成了它的首次试飞。此处需用序数词表示“首次”，first是one的序数词形式。故填first。 3.（24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中）We Chinese are 248 (pride) of the science development. Many experts believe that the technology of low-altitude flights may spread all over the country. 【答案】proud 【详解】句意：我们中国人为科技发展感到自豪。此处需用形容词proud“自豪的”作表语。故填proud。 4. （24-25辽宁·本溪·开学考试）Boya was (excite) and decided to play more music for Ziqi. 【答案】excited 【详解】句意：伯牙很兴奋，决定为子期演奏更多的音乐。根据“Boya was…and decided to play more music for Ziqi.”可知，此处应用形容词excited作表语，修饰人。故填excited。 5.（2025·辽宁鞍山·二模） At the Gala, 16 robots, made by Unitree, performed a (tradition) dance. 【答案】traditional 【详解】句意：在联欢晚会上，由宇树科技制造的16个机器人表演了一场传统舞蹈。根据“At the Gala, 16 robots, made by Unitree, performed a...dance.”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“dance”，“tradition”的形容词形式是“traditional”，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。 考点四 形容词的比较级 1.形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 2.形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 3.形容词比较等级的重要表达 (1) 修饰比较级的词有：rather，much，still，even，far，by far (后置)，a lot，a little，a great deal，a bit, any，one of及序数词修饰，表示程度或顺序。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们甚至比以前学习更努力了。 The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read. 这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。 The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。 (2) 比较级+than... (比......更......) He rises earlier than anyone else in his class. 他比班里其他人都起得早。 (3) less+than 多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词+than... (不如......) This book is less amusing than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 (4) the+比较级+of (两者中更......的) He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的。 (5) the+比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语（越......就越......） The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 你越认真，犯的错误就越少。 （6）“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越来越……” 在“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构中，单音节形容词或副词用“形容词/副词­er＋and＋形容词/副词­er”结构，多音节形容词和副词常用“more and more＋形容词或副词原级”结构。 Things are getting better and better day by day.情况正在一天天好起来。 It's becoming more and more difficult to find a rewarding job.找一份令人满意的工作越来越困难了。 （8）否定词与比较级连用表示最高级 I have never heard a better voice. 我从来没有听过比这更好听的声音。 【名词提醒】 1. 类似用法的结构：can't/couldn't ... too＋adj./adv.＝can't/couldn't ... ＋adj./adv.＋enough 表示“无论……也不为过”。 2.英语中有些词没有比较级，但仍可表示比较级的意思，通常与介词to连用，不与than共同使用，如：senior, junior, superior, inferior等。 4.倍数表达法 · A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B · A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B · A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋B · The＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B · A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句 ☞This building is three times higher than that one. This building is three times as high as that one. This building is three times the height of that one. 这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。 ☞The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008. ＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.今年的产量是2008年的三倍。 1. （24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试）According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually (little) than five millimeters in size. 【答案】less 【详解】句意：根据《国家地理》杂志，微塑料通常小于五毫米。根据“than”可知，此处需要比较级，表示“小于， 比……更小”。故填less。 2. （2025·辽宁·抚顺·二模）The school collects uniforms in two ways—either from graduating students who give away their old ones, or from older students like Zhao Zitong. Before passing these uniforms on to (young) students, the school makes sure each one gets a deep professional cleaning to make sure they’re clean and safe to wear. 【答案】younger 【详解】句意：在把这些校服传给更小的学生之前，学校会确保每件校服都经过深度专业清洗，以确保它们干净安全可穿。根据“Before passing these uniforms on to...students”可知，此处表示传给更小的学生，与前面的older students相对应，因此用young的比较级younger。故填younger。 3.（2025·辽宁·大连·模拟预测）Whenever possible, she will take part in activities to help make the environment ______ (good) than before. 【答案】better 【详解】句意：只要有可能，她都会参加活动，帮助环境比之前变得更好。根据“than”可知，此处应填比较级，good的比较级为better。故填better。 4.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）That’s why kids think food tastes (strong) than grown-ups do! 【答案】stronger 【详解】句意：这就是为什么孩子们觉得食物的味道比大人更强烈的原因！根据“than”可知，空处用比较级形式。故填stronger。 5.（2025·辽宁·锦州·三模）She also finds it (special) and expressive (有表现力的) than many other dance styles. 【答案】more special 【详解】句意：她还发现它比许多其他舞蹈风格更特别、更有表现力。根据“than”可知，用比较级，special的比较级为more special。故填more special。 6. （2025·辽宁·铁岭·二模）“I think Chinese will be really (use). My grandma and other family members speak it, so I hope to talk with them in Chinese,” 【答案】useful 【详解】句意：我认为汉语将会真的很有用。根据“will be”可知，此处作表语，要用形容词形式，use的形容词形式是useful，表示“有用的”。故填useful。 7.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）That’s why kids think food tastes (strong) than grown-ups do! 【答案】stronger 【详解】句意：这就是为什么孩子们觉得食物的味道比大人更强烈的原因！根据“than”可知，空处用比较级形式。故填stronger。 8.（2025·辽宁·模拟预测）The scientists examined a 370-mile-long section of the wall and found that the parts covered in biocrust remained (good) than other parts. 【答案】better 【详解】句意：科学家们检查了一段370英里长的长城，发现被生物硬壳覆盖的部分比其他部分保存得更好。根据“than”可知，此处应填good的比较级形式。故填better。 9.（2025·辽宁铁岭·三模）The (old) tea archaeologists (考古学家) have found so far is almost 2,200 years old. 【答案】oldest 【详解】句意：迄今为止考古学家发现的最古老的茶叶已有近2200年历史。根据空前的定冠词“the”和空后的比较范围“so far”可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式oldest“最古老的”，在句中作定语。故填oldest。 10.（2025·辽宁丹东·二模）If some people set off fireworks nearby, be sure to stand far away. The (far) away you are, the better. 【答案】farther/further 【详解】句意：你站得越远越好。far“远”。“the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓”结构表示“越……越……”。故填farther/further。 一、语篇填空 （2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模） Giraffes are the world’s tallest land animal. At birth, a baby giraffe is about 1.8 metres tall and weighs about 68 kilograms. A giraffe’s tongue (舌头) is usually black, blue or purple 1 can be about 50 cm long. That means the animal can use its tongue 2 (get) food high in the tree. Healthy giraffes can live about 25 years in the wild. In the zoo, they can live 28 years or longer. Giraffes often live in groups of 10 to 20. A group of giraffes is called a “tower”. Giraffes’ groups can change every day, even from hour 3 hour. A “tower” of giraffes you see today might not be the same one you see tomorrow. It’s amazing, isn’t it? Living in groups offers many 4 (advantage) to giraffes. It helps giraffes share information about food and water and provides 5 (safe) in numbers in a “tower”. Giraffes play 6 important role in nature. But now they are in trouble. The number of giraffes is getting smaller. People 7 (hunt) giraffes for a long time for their meat, coats and tails. Habitat loss (栖息地丧失) is 8 (big) problem among the ones they face now. Giraffes are 9 (true) special animals. Learning about the problems they face helps us protect them. By sharing these wonderful facts, we can help do something to make sure giraffes and 10 (they) homes are safe for the future. 【答案】 1．and 2．to get 3．to 4．advantages 5．safety 6．an 7．have hunted 8．the biggest 9．truly 10．their 【解析】本文主要介绍了长颈鹿的生理特征、生活习性以及它们面临的生存威胁。 1．句意：长颈鹿的舌头通常是黑色、蓝色或/和紫色的。根据“A giraffe’s tongue (舌头) is usually black, blue…purple.”的语境可知，此处表示选择或并列的关系，or“或者”/and“和”符合。故填or/and。 2．句意：这意味着这种动物可以用舌头在树的高处觅食。use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to get。 3．句意：长颈鹿的群体每天甚至每小时都可能变化。from…to…“从……到……”，是固定搭配。故填to。 4．句意：群居给长颈鹿带来许多优势。根据空前的“many”可知，此处用复数形式advantages。故填advantages。 5．句意：它帮助长颈鹿分享食物和水的信息，并在“群体”中提供数量上的安全。分析句子结构可知，此处用名词形式，作宾语，safety“安全”符合。故填safety。 6．句意：长颈鹿在自然界中扮演重要角色。play an important role in…“在……中扮演重要角色”，是固定搭配。故填an。 7．句意：人们长期以来猎杀长颈鹿以获取它们的肉、皮毛和尾巴。根据“for a long time”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为复数，助动词使用have。故填have hunted。 8．句意：栖息地丧失是它们现在面临的最大问题。根据“among the ones”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，用最高级形式biggest，最高级前用定冠词the修饰。故填the biggest。 9．句意：长颈鹿是非常特别的动物。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词形式，修饰形容词“special”，应填truly“真正地”。故填truly。 10．句意：通过分享这些奇妙的事实，我们可以帮助做一些事情，以确保长颈鹿和它们的家园在未来是安全的。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，修饰名词“homes”。故填their。 二、完形填空 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lei Feng is a well-known character in China. He was born in a poor family. At a young age, he went through a lot of 11 times. However, he always had a warm heart and was willing to 12 others. Lei Feng joined the army in 1960. During his time in the army, he did many good things. He often helped his comrades (同志) with their studies and daily 13 . Every time someone was in trouble, Lei Feng was always the first one to offer a hand. For example, he would help old people 14 heavy things, and he would spend his own money buying train tickets for those who had lost theirs. What made Lei Feng 15 was not just the big things he did, but also the countless small acts of kindness. He kept a diary, in which he 16 his thoughts and experiences of helping others. His 17 became a record of his selfless spirit (无私精神). 18 , Lei Feng lost his life in 1962 at the young age of 22. But his spirit has lived on. Since then, March 5th has been set as “Learn from Lei Feng Day” in China. On this day, people, especially students, are 19 to do good things and follow Lei Feng’s example. The spirit of Lei Feng teaches us to be kind, selfless, and 20 . It tells us that even the smallest act of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s life. 11．A．happy B．rich C．hard D．weak 12．A．leave B．help C．stop D．attract 13．A．secrets B．lives C．chores D．habits 14．A．carry B．change C．steal D．lose 15．A．normal B．safe C．special D．foreign 16．A．set up B．pulled down C．put up D．wrote down 17．A．diary B．video C．book D．passage 18．A．Clearly B．Sadly C．Differently D．Proudly 19．A．laughed B．protected C．chosen D．encouraged 20．A．helpful B．harmful C．wonderful D．peaceful 【答案】 101．C 102．B 103．B 104．A 105．C 106．D 107．A 108．B 109．D 110．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述雷锋的生平事迹及其无私奉献精神，以及“学雷锋日”的设立意义。 11．句意：他年轻时经历了许多艰难时期。 happy开心的；rich富裕的；hard艰难的；weak虚弱的。根据前文“He was born in a poor family.”可推知，此处表示他年轻时经历了许多艰难时期。故选C。 12．句意：然而，他始终心怀温暖，乐于助人。 leave离开；help帮助；stop阻止；attract吸引。根据“he always had a warm heart and was willing to...others.”可知，雷锋始终心怀温暖，乐于助人。故选B。 13．句意：他经常在学习和日常生活上帮助同志们。 secrets秘密；lives生活；chores家务；habits习惯。根据后文“For example, he would help old people...heavy things, and he would spend his own money buying train tickets for those who had lost theirs.”可推知，他经常在学习和日常生活上帮助同志们。故选B。 14．句意：例如，他会帮老人搬运重物，他会花自己的钱为那些失去火车票的人购买火车票。 carry搬运；change改变；steal偷；lose丢失。根据“he would help old people...heavy things”可知，他帮助老人搬运重物，故选A。 15．句意：雷锋的特别之处不仅在于他做的大事，还在于他无数次的小善举。 normal正常的；safe安全的；special特别的；foreign国外的。根据“What made Lei Feng...was not just the big things he did, but also the countless small acts of kindness.”可知，雷锋做过的大事和小善举让他很特别，故选C。 16．句意：他坚持写日记，在日记中记下自己的想法和帮助他人的经历。 set up设立；pulled down拉下；put up张贴；wrote down写下来。根据“in which he...his thoughts and experiences of helping others.”可知，雷锋在日记中写下自己的想法和帮助他人的经历，故选D。 17．句意：他的日记成为他无私精神的记录。 diary日记；video视频；book书；passage文章。根据前文“ He kept a diary”和“His...became a record of his selfless spirit”可推知，他的日记成为他无私精神的记录。故选A。 18．句意：可悲的是，1962年，年仅22岁的雷锋牺牲了。 Clearly清晰地；Sadly悲伤地；Differently不同地；Proudly骄傲地。根据“Lei Feng lost his life in 1962 at the young age of 22”可知，雷锋在22岁就牺牲了，这个消息是令人悲伤的，故选B。 19．句意：在这一天，人们，尤其是学生，被鼓励以雷锋为榜样做好事。 laughed被嘲笑；protected被保护；chosen被选择；encouraged被鼓励。根据“students, are...to do good things and follow Lei Feng’s example”可知，学生们被鼓励以雷锋为榜样做好事。故选D。 20．句意：雷锋精神教导我们要善良、无私、乐于助人。 helpful帮助人的；harmful有害的；wonderful精彩的；peaceful平和的。根据“The spirit of Lei Feng teaches us to be kind, selfless, and...”可知，雷锋精神教导我们要善良、无私、乐于助人。故选A。 （24-25九年级下·辽宁鞍山·月考） It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn’t healed (痊愈) from an earlier injury. I had questioned whether or not I should attend the meet. But there I was 21 for the 3,000-meter run. “Ready ... set ...” The gun sounded and we were off. The other girls 22 ahead of me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind. “Hooray!” The crowd shouted. It was the loudest cheer I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps (圈) ahead of me when she 23 the finish line. “Maybe I should give up,” I thought as I ran. However, I kept going. During the last two laps, I ran in 24 and decided not to race next year, even if my foot had healed by then. When I 25 , I heard louder cheers. I turned around and saw that the boys were 26 for their own run. “They must be cheering for the boys,” I thought. I was leaving the meet when several girls 27 me. “Wow, you’ve shown a lot of 28 !” One of them told me. “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?” I had hope again and 29 to stick to the run next year. I realized that strength and courage aren’t always measured (衡量) in medals or victories, but in the difficulties we overcome. The 30 people are not always those who win, but those who don’t give up, even when they are losing. 21．A．ready B．calm C．scared D．thankful 22．A．fled B．rushed C．turned D．jumped 23．A．cut B．went C．beat D．crossed 24．A．return B．pain C．detail D．public 25．A．finished B．dropped C．fell D．lost 26．A．looking B．calling C．paying D．preparing 27．A．came up to B．came up with C．looked up to D．looked forward to 28．A．difference B．responsibility C．courage D．patience 29．A．answered B．offered C．provided D．decided 30．A．most interesting B．brightest C．most important D．strongest 【答案】 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．D 【解析】本文讲述了作者带伤参加区运动会的3000米跑，虽然成绩不佳，但坚持跑完赢得了大家的鼓励，从而重新找回信心并决定明年继续参赛的故事。 21．句意：我已经准备好参加3000米赛跑了。 ready准备好的；calm平静的；scared害怕的；thankful感激的。前文提到怀疑是否参加，但还是到了运动会现场，说明是做好了参加的准备。可知，这里应选表示“准备好”的单词，故选A。 22．句意：其他女孩冲到了我的前面。 fled逃跑；rushed冲；turned转动，转身；jumped跳。在运动会跑步比赛中，枪声响起后，其他女孩应该是冲在前面。可知，“rushed”符合语境，故选B。 23．句意：第一名选手已经领先终点线两圈了。 cut切割；went去；beat打败；crossed穿过。表示“穿过终点线”要用“cross the finish line”，这是固定搭配。 可知，应选“crossed”，故选D。 24．句意：在最后两圈，我跑得很痛，决定明年不参加比赛，即使那时我的脚已经痊愈了。 return返回；pain疼痛；detail细节；public公众。前文提到脚受伤还没好，所以跑步过程中应该是处于疼痛中。可知，“in pain”表示“处于疼痛中”，符合语境，故选B。 25．句意：当我完成时，我听到了更响亮的欢呼声。 finished完成；dropped落下；fell摔倒；lost丢失。结合上文跑步比赛，这里应该是当“我”完成比赛时听到更大欢呼声。可知，“finished”符合语境，故选A。 26．句意：我转过身，看见男孩们正在为自己的比赛做准备。 looking看；calling打电话；paying支付；preparing准备。根据语境，在运动会场景中，看到男孩们应该是在为他们自己的比赛做准备。可知，“preparing for”表示“为……做准备”，符合语境，故选D。 27．句意：我正要离开比赛时，几位女孩向我走来。 came up to走向；came up with想出；looked up to尊敬；looked forward to期待；根据后文女孩们和“我”说话的内容，可知是几个女孩走向“我”。 可知，“came up to”符合语境，故选A。 28．句意：哇，你表现得很勇敢！ difference差异；responsibility责任；courage勇气；patience耐心。“我”在脚受伤的情况下坚持完成3000米跑，这体现的是勇气。可知，“courage”符合语境，故选C。 29．句意：我又有了希望，并决定明年继续参赛。 answered回答；offered提供；provided提供；decided决定。前文说之前决定明年不参加，这里又有了希望，所以是决定明年继续参加。可知，“decided”符合语境，故选D。 30．句意：我意识到力量和勇气并不总是通过奖牌或胜利来衡量，而是通过我们克服的困难来衡量。 most interesting最有趣的；brightest最聪明的；most important最重要的；strongest最强壮的。文章强调的是不放弃的精神，不放弃的人是坚强的人。可知，“strongest”符合语境，故选D。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $