专题11 连词和并列复合句（复习讲义）（辽宁专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题11 连词和并列复合句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关· 靶向突破.............................................................................................................................................3 考点一 并列连词 3 考点二 从属连词 6 考点三 并列复合句 10 04 优题精选· 练能提分...........................................................................................................................................13 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 并列连词 · 掌握连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等，表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词 · 10年10考 分析辽宁中考真题可知，连词在语篇填空必考。中考命题对连词考查在语篇填空中以无提示词的形式出现。 并列连词考查的难点在于判断并列连词在复杂语境中的逻辑关系；多考查语篇填空。 ‌从属连词 · 掌握由though/although (虽然，尽管)，even if/though (即使)if, whether(...or not)(是否)if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要)，because (因为)，as (鉴于;由于)since(由于，既然)等状语从句的连接词 · 10年10考 并列复合句‌ · 掌握由and/but/or/so连接的复合句‌ · 近10年连续考查 目标导航： 1. 掌握并列连词和常用从属连词的基本用法 2. 掌握并列复合句的用法 3. 掌握常用连词用法区别 ❤锦囊妙计 1.肯定句中表并列用and, 否定句用or来代替。 2.注意not only… but also，neither...nor...连接主语时用就近原则；as well as连接主语时用就远原则。 易错提醒：but不能与although/though连用，但可以和yet连用。 考查并列连词的句子一般都以长句形式出现，切不可心浮气躁，理清句子结构，明确逻辑关系是解题的关键。 3.在“祈使句+or...”结构中，相当于if...not+主句“否则，要不然”，or表示“否则”；either...or...；not...but..., rather than连接主语时谓语采用就近原则。 4.遇到长句时，首先找到句子的主干。再观察句子中的修饰语，并知道其意义和修饰成分，便可轻松译出长难句。 考点一 并列连词 1.表示并列关系的并列连词 表示并列关系的常见连词有：and (和；又；而且), as well as( 也 ； 和 ), both...and...( 既……又……), not only...but also...( 不仅……而且……), neither...nor... (既不……也不……)。 ✱We are singing and they are dancing. 我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。 ✱I’m learning French as well as English. 我学法语，还学英语。 ✱Not only English but also French is spoken in Canada. 在加拿大，人们不仅说英语，而且说法语。 连词 用法 例句 but 意为＂但是＂，表示意义递进的转折或前后两个事实相反。 His mother won’t be there, but his father might. 他母亲不会去那里，但他父亲也许会去。 while 意为＂但是，然而＂，强调对比性的转折。 I like English while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他喜欢数学。 yet 意为＂可是；然而＂，表示转折时，前面可与and连用，且这两个部分的主语是一致的。 I failed again, and yet I never give up. 我又失败了，然而我绝不放弃。 2.表示转折关系的并列连词 1. although或though在引导让步状语从句时，主句不可使用转折连词but，但是可以使用yet或still。 Although she is in poor health，(yet) she works hard.虽然她的身体不好，但是她工作非常努力。 2.however 意为＂然而，不过＂，可放在句首、句中或句末，不能像but那样直接连接两个句子，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 (×)We all tried our best, however we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best.However, we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best, but we lost the game. 3.表示选择关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 or 或者；否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。 or else 否则；要不然 Be careful or else you will make a mistake. 小心，否则你将会犯错误。 rather than 而不是 I will do it myself rather than ask him to do it. 我会亲自去做这件事，而不是叫他去做。 not…but 不是……而是…… John is not her father but her uncle. 约翰不是她的父亲而是她的的叔叔 either…or 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home. 要么爱丽丝要么她爸爸在家做饭。 whether…or 不管是……还是…… They haven’t decided whether they will go to London or Berlin。他们尚未决定是去伦敦还是去柏林。 4.表示因果关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 for 意为＂因为＂，用来补充说明或表示推测性的理由，不能置于两个并列分句的句首，只能放在两个分句的中间。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。 so 表示＂因此；所以＂时，不能与because 连用。 He worked hard, so he passed the exam. 他努力学习，所以通过了考试。 5.when作并列连词 when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： 1.sb was about to do sth when...某人正要做某事，这时突然…… 2.sb was on the point of doing sth when...某人正要做某事，这时突然…… 3.sb was doing sth when...某人正在做某事，这时突然…… 4.sb had just done sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时突然…… 例1. I was watching TV when the telephone rang. 我正在看电视，这时电话响了。 例2. We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正要动身，天空突然开始下雨。 例3. I had just finished my homework when John came to me. 我刚写完作业，约翰就来找我了。 例4. We were about to get down the hill when it suddenly began to snow heavily. 我们正打算下山，就在这时，突然下起了大雪。 关键记忆点：非谓语动词 没有人称和数的变化。 1.（2025·辽宁大连·一模）The nice smell taste made him interested, and that’s how tea started in China. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：那好闻的气味和味道让他产生了兴趣，这就是茶在中国的起源。根据“smell…taste”可知，气味和味道是并列关系，此处需用并列连词连接两个名词，and“和……”符合。故填and。 2.（2025·辽宁大连·模拟预测）She shared that her winning painting, Xiaoyaoyou, was created because she has spent years reading learning about Zhuangzi. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：她分享说，她的得奖画作《逍遥游》之所以能创作出来是因为她花了数年时间阅读和学习《庄子》。“reading”和“learning about Zhuangzi”为并列结构，故应用and连接。故填and。 3.（2025·辽宁抚顺·二模）During the break times between classes, Xiao Jingsheng from Beijing Experimental School often rushed to the toilet then back to class with no time for anything else. now that has changed. 【答案】But 【详解】句意：但现在情况发生了变化。根据“now that has changed.”可知，前后两句为转折关系，现在情况改变了，空后无逗号，填表示转折关系的连词but“但是”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填But。 4.（2025·辽宁丹东·二模）And in my opinion, it is a time for the three Fs: family, friends ___________ fireworks. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：在我看来，春节是三个F的时刻：家人、朋友和烟花。根据“it is a time for the three Fs: family, friends...fireworks.”可知，此处列举三个并列名词，故需用连词and“和”连接。故填and。 5.（2025·辽宁抚顺·二模）The school collects uniforms in two ways—either from graduating students who give away their old ones, from older students like Zhao Zitong. 【答案】or 【详解】句意：学校通过两种方式收集校服——要么来自毕业的学生，他们捐赠自己的旧校服，要么来自像赵子童这样的大一点的学生。根据“The school collects uniforms in two ways—either from graduating students who give away their old ones,...from older students like Zhao Zitong.”可知，此处表示两种方式中的一种，either...or...“要么……要么……”，固定搭配。故填or。 考点二 从属连词 表示时间 when（当…时）；while（与….同时）；as（正当…时）；before（在…前）；after（在…后）；until（到…时候，直到 …才）；since（自…以来）；as soon as（一...就....） 表示原因和结果 because（因为）；since（既然）；as（由于）；so（因此） 表示条件 if（如果）；unless（如果不，除非）；as long as（只要） 表示让步 though，although（虽然，尽管）；even if/though（即使） 表示疑问 if/whether（是否） 表示方式 as（像，如同…一样）；just as（正如…样）；as if（好像） 表示比较 as...as（和 一样）；not so...as（不如）；than（比….更..） 表示目的 so that（以便，为的....） 1.从属连词的种类 2.从属连词的用法 （1）引导宾语从句的从属连词主要有that，if，whether等。 I'm glad that you're ready to help others. 我很高兴你乐于帮助别人。 I don't know if she has gone to Guangzhou. 我不知道她是否已经去了广州。 [注意]连词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 （2）引导状语从句的从属连词。 I don't know if she has gone to Guangzhou. 我不知道她是否已经去了广州。 [注意]连词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 （2）引导状语从句的从属连词。 0引导时间状语从句的从属连词有when，while，after，before，since，till/until，as soon as等。 We've lived here since 1994. 自1994年以来我们一直住在这里。 A. when和while均可引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，when既可以引导持续性动作，又可以引导短暂性动作，而while引导的动作必须是持续性的。while还可以表示两个动作同时进行。 She is singing while she is cleaning the room.她边打扫房间边唱歌。 When he arrived home，it was just nine o'clock.他回家时正好九点。 While she was cooking，the telephone rang. =When the telephone rang，she was cooking. =When she was cooking，the telephone rang. 她正在做饭时电话响了。 B. since"自从…以来”, 该连词所连接的从句中的谓语动词通常是过去时，主句通常是一般现在时或现在完成时。 C.as soon as"-….”，该连词所在的句子中，若主句是一股将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来的意义. D. till/until引导的从句有以下两种情况：a.表示“直到…”，主从句都用肯定式； ③ 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if，unless，as long as等。 He will not come unless he is invited. 除非被邀请，否则他是不会来的。 可以与if引导的条件状语从句互换 =He will come if he is invited. ⑤ 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so/such...that...等。 such...that与so...that的区别：A. such是形容词，它所修饰的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带。如果其后是单数可数名词，前面要加不定冠词a或an，因此 such...that的句型结构可分为以下三种： a. such+ a/an+ adj.+可数名词单数+that从句. She is such a clever girl that she can work out the math problem quickly. 她是如此聪明的一个女孩，能很快解出数学问题。 such a clever girl =so clever a girl b. such+ adj.+可数名词复数+that从句 They are such exciting movies that I want to watch them again. 它们是如此让人兴奋的电影以至于我还想再看一次。 c. such+ adj.+不可数名词+that从句，不可数名词前不用冠词 It was such bad weather that I could not go out. 天气如此糟糕，我不能外出了。 B.so是副词，与形容词或副词连用，其结构是：so+ adj./adv.+ that从句。 He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him.他跑得如此快，以至于我追不上他。 【知识拓展】 →当名词前面有many，much，few，little等表示数量多少的限定词时，应该用so，而不能用such。 There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building. 街上有那么多人观看大火，以至于消防员无法接近大楼。 →当单数名词前有形容词时，既可用so，也可用such，但不定冠词的位置有所不同。 Paris is such a wonderful place that a lot of people come to visit it every year. =Paris is so wonderful a place that a lot of people come to visit it every year. 巴黎是一个非常好的地方，每年都会有很多人来参观 ⑥.引导让步状语从句的从属连词有though，although，even if/though，no matter how/what等。 A. 由though，although引导的让步状语从句，后面的主句不能有but，但可以用yet，still等。 Although/Though it's hard work，yet I still enjoy it. 尽管这是一份苦差事，但我很愿意干。 么事，都要做好. no matter who= whoever无论是谁 no matter when= whenever无论何时 no matter where= wherever无论在哪儿 1.（2025·辽宁·铁岭·三模）One idea Confucius had about learning was that it never stops. He said that if people wanted to get improvement, they should check themselves three times a day. This is a very important idea, ____________ the world is always changing and we need to keep up with it. 【答案】because 【详解】句意：这是一个非常重要的观点，因为世界始终在变化，我们需要跟上它的步伐。根据“This is a very important idea, ...the world is always changing and we need to keep up with it.”可知，设空处的前后句意之间存在因果关系，前果后因，because符合语境。故填because。 2.（2025·辽宁·锦州·二模）There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, such as doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs. you don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: 【答案】If 【详解】句意：如果你不知道从哪里开始，这里有一些有用的锻炼选择。根据上下文可知，此处是条件状语从句，应用if引导，故填If。 3.（2025·辽宁·铁岭·三模）According to a Chinese legend (传说), Shennong discovered tea by accident _____________ some leaves fell from a tree into his drink. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：根据中国传说，神农偶然发现了茶，当时一些叶子从树上掉进了他的饮料里。根据“Shennong discovered tea by accident...some leaves fell from a tree into his drink.”可知，此处指当一些叶子掉进神农的饮料中时，他就偶然地发现了茶，应用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。故填when。 4.（2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模） The wind carries both the animals water over the land. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：风把动物和水带到陆地上。“animals”和“water”是并列关系，“both...and...”表示“两者都”，符合语境。故填and。 5.（2025·辽宁·阜新·二模）What’s more, I celebrate my improvement, no matter small it is. This practice not only makes me feel confident, but also helps me improve. 【答案】how 【详解】句意：此外，无论进步多么小，我都会庆祝。根据“no matter”和“small”可知，这里考查“no matter how+形容词/副词”引导让步状语从句，表示“无论多么……”，故填how。 考点三 并列复合句 并列复合指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。主句是全句的主体部分，从句则是全句的一个句子成分。从句在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。 并列复合句是由并列连词把一个或多个简单句与一个或多个复合句连接起来构成的句子。也就是说并列句中的两个分句中又内含从句。 1.由 and 连接的并列复合句 用于“祈使句，and＋陈述句(表结果)”结构 and 表示并列、递进、动作的先后等关系。 I began to learn the guitar when I was five, and I started learning the violin when I was eight. 我5岁开始学习吉他，并且8岁开始学小提琴。 2.由 but 连接的并列复合句 but 表示转折关系。 He likes playing soccer, but he said he didn’t play it as well as his brother. 他喜欢踢足球，但是他说他没有他哥哥踢得好。 3. 由 or 连接的并列复合句 or 表示选择关系。 You can telephone me if you like, or you can come to visit me if you are free. 你要是愿意可以给我打电话，或者你有时间就来看我。 4. 由 so 连接的并列复合句 so 表示因果关系。 We just want to protect the paintings, so if you don’t use the flash, then it may be OK. 我们只是想保护这些画，所以如果你不用闪光灯，那就好了。 5.并列连词的特殊用法 （1）祈使句,or+陈述句,前后是对立关系; 祈使句,and+陈述句,前后是顺承关系。 Study hard, or you won’t pass the exam/and you will pass the exam.努力学习,否则你通不过这次考试/你就会通过这次考试。 两者都可以转换成if引导的条件状语从句,但要去掉or, and。 If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the exam./If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 如果你不努力学习,你就通不过这次考试。/如果你努力学习,你就会通过这次考试。 2.在并列的否定句中,连词连接的两部分若都有否定词,则用and连接而不用or。 He didn’t go with us and didn’t see the film star.他没有和我们一起去,并且没有见到电影明星。 1.（2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模）Long ago, people did not use money. Instead, people traded one thing for another thing. A chicken, for example, was traded for something else that had value. the value was the problem. One chicken did not have the value of one cow. 【答案】But 【详解】句意：但是价值才是问题所在。“One chicken did not have the value of one cow.”与“A chicken, for example, was traded for something else that had value.”构成转折关系，but“但是”，连词，句首首字母大写。故填But。 2. （24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中）The air taxi is powered by electricity. It has a top speed of 200 kilometers per hour ______________it can carry up to five people. On one charge (充电), it can travel 250 kilometers. The air machine was developed by a company called Shanghai AutoFlight Co. Ltd. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：它的最高时速为200公里，并且可以载五个人。前后是并列关系，此处需用连词and连接两个并列句。故填and。 3.（2025·辽宁·大连·二模）Besides, the hospital also tries to make candies, cakes other products with TCM. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：除此之外，医院还尝试制作糖果、蛋糕和其他含中药的产品。连接并列成分candies和cakes，需连词and。故填and。 4.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·二模） The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm (警钟) to warn of danger, __________ it was very often used to tell people the time. 【答案】but 【详解】句意：钟最初是作为紧急警报来警告危险的，但它经常被用来告诉人们时间。根据“The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm (警钟) to warn of danger, … it was very often used to tell people the time.”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，所以用转折连词but连接。故填but。 5.（24-25辽宁·营口·月考）The temperature there can be very high during the daytime, but very low at night, _____________it requires that the clothes are comfortable for daily life. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：那里的气温白天可能非常高，但晚上可能非常低，因此日常生活中服装需舒适。根据“The temperature there can be very high during the daytime, but very low at night, … it requires that the clothes are comfortable for daily life.”可知，前后句为因果关系，因此用连词“so”，表示“因此”。故填so。 6.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）A bowl of Lanzhou beef noodles has become famous around the world, loved and praised by people both at home abroad. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：一碗兰州牛肉面在世界各地都很有名，深受国内外人们的喜爱和称赞。both…and…“两者都”，因此填入连词and。故填and。 1.（2024·辽宁·中考真题）Have you heard of wallball? Wallball is a simple sport to play. You only need a ball ____________ a wall, so you can play anywhere at any time. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：你只需要一个球和一个墙，所以你可以在任何时间任何地点玩。前后两者是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 2.（2025·辽宁·大连·一模）Some tea tree leaves dropped into his boiling water. The nice smell ____________ taste made him interested, and that’s how tea started in China. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：那好闻的气味和味道让他产生了兴趣，这就是茶在中国的起源。根据“smell…taste”可知，气味和味道是并列关系，此处需用并列连词连接两个名词，and“和……”符合。故填and。 3.（2025·辽宁·鞍山·二模）Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly, __________ engineers ran beside them to help. This teamwork has become key to robotics progress. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：一些机器人的关节变得太热，而另一些很快就没电了，所以工程师们在它们旁边奔跑来提供帮助。根据“Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly...engineers ran beside them to help.”可知，前后句子是因果关系，前面是原因，后面是结果，所以用连词“so”，表示“所以”。故填so。 4.（24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试）Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. They are too small to be seen, 267 fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：它们太小了，看不见，所以鱼可能会误食它们并生病。 根据“They are too small to be seen…fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. ”可知，微塑料因为很小不能被看见，所以会被鱼误食，是因果关系。故填so。 5.（2025·辽宁·铁岭·二模） “For me, reading is the most difficult part because many of the Chinese characters have two or three pronunciations (发音), I often make mistakes.” 【答案】so 【详解】句意：对我来说，阅读是最难的部分，因为很多汉字有两三种发音，所以我经常犯错。根据“many of the Chinese characters have two or three pronunciations”可知，此处说对于作者来说阅读最难，后半句说经常犯错，存在因果关系，所以用so，表示“因此；所以”。故填so。 6.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）Most people have about 10,000 taste buds. Taste buds are replaced every two weeks, ____________ fewer grow back when you get older. That’s why kids think food tastes stronger than grown-ups do! 【答案】but 【详解】句意：味蕾每两周会更新一次，但随着年龄增长，重新生长的味蕾数量会减少。空前后句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 7.（2025·浙江·湖州·一模）During his time in Baoding, he has enjoyed himself in various activities to learn about Chinese culture, he now even knows a lot about traditional Chinese medicine. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：在保定期间，他参加了各种各样的活动来学习中国文化，乐在其中，现在他甚至了解了很多中医。空前后句是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 8.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·模拟预测）The earthen buildings look simple outside, they have clever designs inside. 【答案】but 【详解】句意：土楼外观朴素，但内部设计巧妙。前后转折关系，故填but。 9.（2025·辽宁·本溪·二模）They found the mud is different from other mud. It feels like sandpaper ___________ moves like cream (奶油). 【答案】but 【详解】句意：它感觉像砂纸，但是像奶油一样移动。根据“It feels like sandpaper ”和“moves like cream”，前后之间是转折关系，所以要用连词but“但是”连接。故填but。 10.（2025·辽宁·鞍山·二模）Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly, __________ engineers ran beside them to help. This teamwork has become key to robotics progress. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：一些机器人的关节变得太热，而另一些很快就没电了，所以工程师们在它们旁边奔跑来提供帮助。根据“Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly...engineers ran beside them to help.”可知，前后句子是因果关系，前面是原因，后面是结果，所以用连词“so”，表示“所以”。故填so。 （2025·辽宁·本溪·模拟预测） How many backpacks have you owned since you went to school? Backpacks have become common and popular 11 students in the past 30 years. If your backpacks become old, will you just treat them as rubbish and throw them away? Five years ago, a research 12 (show) that 85% of the old backpacks ended up in rubbish. But as we know, most backpacks 13 (produce) from different materials. If we throw them away, they will be harmful to our environment. 14 some of the old backpacks are no longer of their right color or size, there are still many things you can do with them. Here are some 15 (use) ways for you. For example, do you find it difficult to find 16 (tool) in the house? You can solve this problem by making use of your old backpacks to store all kinds of tools. Also, it is such 17 wonderful idea that you can put your old backpacks online for sale. Besides, offering your backpacks to other poor kids is another good 18 (choose), as those old backpacks may make their life 19 (convenient) than before. All in all, old backpacks are still 20 (value) as long as we put them into use wisely. Remember: rubbish can be turned into treasures! 【答案】 11．among 12．showed 13．are produced 14．Although/Though 15．useful 16．tools 17．a 18．choice 19．more convenient 20．valuable 【解析】本文主要提供了几条合理利用旧书包的建议。 11．句意：在过去的30年里，背包在学生中变得普遍和流行。根据“become common and popular …  students”可知，是在学生中变得普遍和流行。among“在……之中”，用于三者或三者以上。故填among。 12．句意：五年前，一项研究表明85%的旧背包最终成为垃圾。show“显示，表明”，动词；根据“Five years ago”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填showed。 13．句意：但正如我们所知，大多数背包是由不同的材料制成的。produce“生产，制造”，动词；根据“most backpacks … from different materials”可知，背包是被人制作的，用一般现在时的被动语态“is/am/are+done”，主语为“most backpacks”，be动词用are。故填are produced。 14．句意：虽然一些旧背包的颜色和尺寸已经不合适了，但你仍然可以用它们做很多事情。此处用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。 15．句意：以下是一些有用的方法。use“使用”，动词，修饰后面的名词ways，应用其形容词形式useful“有用的”。故填useful。 16．句意：你觉得在家里很难找到你的工具吗？tool“工具”，此处表示泛指，用名词复数形式。故填tools。 17．句意：此外，你可以把旧背包放在网上出售，这真是个好主意。such+名词+that …“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。空处修饰其后的单数名词idea，应用不定冠词，wonderful是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰。故填a。 18．句意：此外，将背包送给其他贫困儿童是另一个不错的选择，因为这些旧背包可能会让他们的生活比以前更方便。choose“选择”，动词，前面有形容词good修饰，此处用其名词形式。故填choice。 19．句意：此外，将背包送给其他贫困儿童是另一个不错的选择，因为这些旧背包可能会让他们的生活比以前更方便。convenient“方便的”，形容词，根据“than”可知，此处用其比较级形式。故填more convenient。 20．句意：总之，只要我们明智地使用旧背包，它们仍然很有价值。value“价值”，名词，此处用其形容词形式valuable“有价值的”，作表语。故填valuable。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 连词和并列复合句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关· 靶向突破.............................................................................................................................................3 考点一 并列连词 3 考点二 从属连词 6 考点三 并列复合句 10 04 优题精选· 练能提分...........................................................................................................................................12 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 并列连词 · 掌握连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等，表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词 · 10年10考 分析辽宁中考真题可知，连词在语篇填空必考。中考命题对连词考查在语篇填空中以无提示词的形式出现。 并列连词考查的难点在于判断并列连词在复杂语境中的逻辑关系；多考查语篇填空。 ‌从属连词 · 掌握由though/although (虽然，尽管)，even if/though (即使)if, whether(...or not)(是否)if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要)，because (因为)，as (鉴于;由于)since(由于，既然)等状语从句的连接词 · 10年10考 并列复合句‌ · 掌握由and/but/or/so连接的复合句‌ · 近10年连续考查 目标导航： 1. 掌握并列连词和常用从属连词的基本用法 2. 掌握并列复合句的用法 3. 掌握常用连词用法区别 ❤锦囊妙计 1.肯定句中表并列用and, 否定句用or来代替。 2.注意not only… but also，neither...nor...连接主语时用就近原则；as well as连接主语时用就远原则。 易错提醒：but不能与although/though连用，但可以和yet连用。 考查并列连词的句子一般都以长句形式出现，切不可心浮气躁，理清句子结构，明确逻辑关系是解题的关键。 3.在“祈使句+or...”结构中，相当于if...not+主句“否则，要不然”，or表示“否则”；either...or...；not...but..., rather than连接主语时谓语采用就近原则。 4.遇到长句时，首先找到句子的主干。再观察句子中的修饰语，并知道其意义和修饰成分，便可轻松译出长难句。 考点一 并列连词 1.表示并列关系的并列连词 表示并列关系的常见连词有：and (和；又；而且), as well as( 也 ； 和 ), both...and...( 既……又……), not only...but also...( 不仅……而且……), neither...nor... (既不……也不……)。 ✱We are singing and they are dancing. 我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。 ✱I’m learning French as well as English. 我学法语，还学英语。 ✱Not only English but also French is spoken in Canada. 在加拿大，人们不仅说英语，而且说法语。 连词 用法 例句 but 意为＂但是＂，表示意义递进的转折或前后两个事实相反。 His mother won’t be there, but his father might. 他母亲不会去那里，但他父亲也许会去。 while 意为＂但是，然而＂，强调对比性的转折。 I like English while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他喜欢数学。 yet 意为＂可是；然而＂，表示转折时，前面可与and连用，且这两个部分的主语是一致的。 I failed again, and yet I never give up. 我又失败了，然而我绝不放弃。 2.表示转折关系的并列连词 1. although或though在引导让步状语从句时，主句不可使用转折连词but，但是可以使用yet或still。 Although she is in poor health，(yet) she works hard.虽然她的身体不好，但是她工作非常努力。 2.however 意为＂然而，不过＂，可放在句首、句中或句末，不能像but那样直接连接两个句子，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 (×)We all tried our best, however we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best.However, we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best, but we lost the game. 3.表示选择关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 or 或者；否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。 or else 否则；要不然 Be careful or else you will make a mistake. 小心，否则你将会犯错误。 rather than 而不是 I will do it myself rather than ask him to do it. 我会亲自去做这件事，而不是叫他去做。 not…but 不是……而是…… John is not her father but her uncle. 约翰不是她的父亲而是她的的叔叔 either…or 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home. 要么爱丽丝要么她爸爸在家做饭。 whether…or 不管是……还是…… They haven’t decided whether they will go to London or Berlin。他们尚未决定是去伦敦还是去柏林。 4.表示因果关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 for 意为＂因为＂，用来补充说明或表示推测性的理由，不能置于两个并列分句的句首，只能放在两个分句的中间。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。 so 表示＂因此；所以＂时，不能与because 连用。 He worked hard, so he passed the exam. 他努力学习，所以通过了考试。 5.when作并列连词 when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： 1.sb was about to do sth when...某人正要做某事，这时突然…… 2.sb was on the point of doing sth when...某人正要做某事，这时突然…… 3.sb was doing sth when...某人正在做某事，这时突然…… 4.sb had just done sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时突然…… 例1. I was watching TV when the telephone rang. 我正在看电视，这时电话响了。 例2. We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正要动身，天空突然开始下雨。 例3. I had just finished my homework when John came to me. 我刚写完作业，约翰就来找我了。 例4. We were about to get down the hill when it suddenly began to snow heavily. 我们正打算下山，就在这时，突然下起了大雪。 关键记忆点：非谓语动词 没有人称和数的变化。 1.（2025·辽宁大连·一模）The nice smell taste made him interested, and that’s how tea started in China. 2.（2025·辽宁大连·模拟预测）She shared that her winning painting, Xiaoyaoyou, was created because she has spent years reading learning about Zhuangzi. 3.（2025·辽宁抚顺·二模）During the break times between classes, Xiao Jingsheng from Beijing Experimental School often rushed to the toilet then back to class with no time for anything else. now that has changed. 4.（2025·辽宁丹东·二模）And in my opinion, it is a time for the three Fs: family, friends ___________ fireworks. 5.（2025·辽宁抚顺·二模）The school collects uniforms in two ways—either from graduating students who give away their old ones, from older students like Zhao Zitong. 考点二 从属连词 表示时间 when（当…时）；while（与….同时）；as（正当…时）；before（在…前）；after（在…后）；until（到…时候，直到 …才）；since（自…以来）；as soon as（一...就....） 表示原因和结果 because（因为）；since（既然）；as（由于）；so（因此） 表示条件 if（如果）；unless（如果不，除非）；as long as（只要） 表示让步 though，although（虽然，尽管）；even if/though（即使） 表示疑问 if/whether（是否） 表示方式 as（像，如同…一样）；just as（正如…样）；as if（好像） 表示比较 as...as（和 一样）；not so...as（不如）；than（比….更..） 表示目的 so that（以便，为的....） 1.从属连词的种类 2.从属连词的用法 （1）引导宾语从句的从属连词主要有that，if，whether等。 I'm glad that you're ready to help others. 我很高兴你乐于帮助别人。 I don't know if she has gone to Guangzhou. 我不知道她是否已经去了广州。 [注意]连词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 （2）引导状语从句的从属连词。 I don't know if she has gone to Guangzhou. 我不知道她是否已经去了广州。 [注意]连词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 （2）引导状语从句的从属连词。 0引导时间状语从句的从属连词有when，while，after，before，since，till/until，as soon as等。 We've lived here since 1994. 自1994年以来我们一直住在这里。 A. when和while均可引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，when既可以引导持续性动作，又可以引导短暂性动作，而while引导的动作必须是持续性的。while还可以表示两个动作同时进行。 She is singing while she is cleaning the room.她边打扫房间边唱歌。 When he arrived home，it was just nine o'clock.他回家时正好九点。 While she was cooking，the telephone rang. =When the telephone rang，she was cooking. =When she was cooking，the telephone rang. 她正在做饭时电话响了。 B. since"自从…以来”, 该连词所连接的从句中的谓语动词通常是过去时，主句通常是一般现在时或现在完成时。 C.as soon as"-….”，该连词所在的句子中，若主句是一股将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来的意义. D. till/until引导的从句有以下两种情况：a.表示“直到…”，主从句都用肯定式； ③ 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if，unless，as long as等。 He will not come unless he is invited. 除非被邀请，否则他是不会来的。 可以与if引导的条件状语从句互换 =He will come if he is invited. ⑤ 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so/such...that...等。 such...that与so...that的区别：A. such是形容词，它所修饰的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带。如果其后是单数可数名词，前面要加不定冠词a或an，因此 such...that的句型结构可分为以下三种： a. such+ a/an+ adj.+可数名词单数+that从句. She is such a clever girl that she can work out the math problem quickly. 她是如此聪明的一个女孩，能很快解出数学问题。 such a clever girl =so clever a girl b. such+ adj.+可数名词复数+that从句 They are such exciting movies that I want to watch them again. 它们是如此让人兴奋的电影以至于我还想再看一次。 c. such+ adj.+不可数名词+that从句，不可数名词前不用冠词 It was such bad weather that I could not go out. 天气如此糟糕，我不能外出了。 B.so是副词，与形容词或副词连用，其结构是：so+ adj./adv.+ that从句。 He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him.他跑得如此快，以至于我追不上他。 【知识拓展】 →当名词前面有many，much，few，little等表示数量多少的限定词时，应该用so，而不能用such。 There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building. 街上有那么多人观看大火，以至于消防员无法接近大楼。 →当单数名词前有形容词时，既可用so，也可用such，但不定冠词的位置有所不同。 Paris is such a wonderful place that a lot of people come to visit it every year. =Paris is so wonderful a place that a lot of people come to visit it every year. 巴黎是一个非常好的地方，每年都会有很多人来参观 ⑥.引导让步状语从句的从属连词有though，although，even if/though，no matter how/what等。 A. 由though，although引导的让步状语从句，后面的主句不能有but，但可以用yet，still等。 Although/Though it's hard work，yet I still enjoy it. 尽管这是一份苦差事，但我很愿意干。 no matter who= whoever无论是谁 no matter when= whenever无论何时 no matter where= wherever无论在哪儿 1.（2025·辽宁·铁岭·三模）One idea Confucius had about learning was that it never stops. He said that if people wanted to get improvement, they should check themselves three times a day. This is a very important idea, ____________ the world is always changing and we need to keep up with it. 【答案】because 【详解】句意：这是一个非常重要的观点，因为世界始终在变化，我们需要跟上它的步伐。根据“This is a very important idea, ...the world is always changing and we need to keep up with it.”可知，设空处的前后句意之间存在因果关系，前果后因，because符合语境。故填because。 2.（2025·辽宁·锦州·二模）There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, such as doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs. you don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: 【答案】If 【详解】句意：如果你不知道从哪里开始，这里有一些有用的锻炼选择。根据上下文可知，此处是条件状语从句，应用if引导，故填If。 3.（2025·辽宁·铁岭·三模）According to a Chinese legend (传说), Shennong discovered tea by accident _____________ some leaves fell from a tree into his drink. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：根据中国传说，神农偶然发现了茶，当时一些叶子从树上掉进了他的饮料里。根据“Shennong discovered tea by accident...some leaves fell from a tree into his drink.”可知，此处指当一些叶子掉进神农的饮料中时，他就偶然地发现了茶，应用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。故填when。 4.（2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模） The wind carries both the animals water over the land. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：风把动物和水带到陆地上。“animals”和“water”是并列关系，“both...and...”表示“两者都”，符合语境。故填and。 5.（2025·辽宁·阜新·二模）What’s more, I celebrate my improvement, no matter small it is. This practice not only makes me feel confident, but also helps me improve. 【答案】how 【详解】句意：此外，无论进步多么小，我都会庆祝。根据“no matter”和“small”可知，这里考查“no matter how+形容词/副词”引导让步状语从句，表示“无论多么……”，故填how。 考点三 并列复合句 并列复合指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。主句是全句的主体部分，从句则是全句的一个句子成分。从句在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。 并列复合句是由并列连词把一个或多个简单句与一个或多个复合句连接起来构成的句子。也就是说并列句中的两个分句中又内含从句。 1.由 and 连接的并列复合句 用于“祈使句，and＋陈述句(表结果)”结构 and 表示并列、递进、动作的先后等关系。 I began to learn the guitar when I was five, and I started learning the violin when I was eight. 我5岁开始学习吉他，并且8岁开始学小提琴。 2.由 but 连接的并列复合句 but 表示转折关系。 He likes playing soccer, but he said he didn’t play it as well as his brother. 他喜欢踢足球，但是他说他没有他哥哥踢得好。 3. 由 or 连接的并列复合句 or 表示选择关系。 You can telephone me if you like, or you can come to visit me if you are free. 你要是愿意可以给我打电话，或者你有时间就来看我。 4. 由 so 连接的并列复合句 so 表示因果关系。 We just want to protect the paintings, so if you don’t use the flash, then it may be OK. 我们只是想保护这些画，所以如果你不用闪光灯，那就好了。 5.并列连词的特殊用法 （1）祈使句,or+陈述句,前后是对立关系; 祈使句,and+陈述句,前后是顺承关系。 Study hard, or you won’t pass the exam/and you will pass the exam.努力学习,否则你通不过这次考试/你就会通过这次考试。 两者都可以转换成if引导的条件状语从句,但要去掉or, and。 If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the exam./If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 如果你不努力学习,你就通不过这次考试。/如果你努力学习,你就会通过这次考试。 2.在并列的否定句中,连词连接的两部分若都有否定词,则用and连接而不用or。 He didn’t go with us and didn’t see the film star.他没有和我们一起去,并且没有见到电影明星。 1.（2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模）Long ago, people did not use money. Instead, people traded one thing for another thing. A chicken, for example, was traded for something else that had value. the value was the problem. One chicken did not have the value of one cow. 【答案】But 【详解】句意：但是价值才是问题所在。“One chicken did not have the value of one cow.”与“A chicken, for example, was traded for something else that had value.”构成转折关系，but“但是”，连词，句首首字母大写。故填But。 2. （24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中）The air taxi is powered by electricity. It has a top speed of 200 kilometers per hour ______________it can carry up to five people. On one charge (充电), it can travel 250 kilometers. The air machine was developed by a company called Shanghai AutoFlight Co. Ltd. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：它的最高时速为200公里，并且可以载五个人。前后是并列关系，此处需用连词and连接两个并列句。故填and。 3.（2025·辽宁·大连·二模）Besides, the hospital also tries to make candies, cakes other products with TCM. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：除此之外，医院还尝试制作糖果、蛋糕和其他含中药的产品。连接并列成分candies和cakes，需连词and。故填and。 4.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·二模） The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm (警钟) to warn of danger, __________ it was very often used to tell people the time. 【答案】but 【详解】句意：钟最初是作为紧急警报来警告危险的，但它经常被用来告诉人们时间。根据“The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm (警钟) to warn of danger, … it was very often used to tell people the time.”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，所以用转折连词but连接。故填but。 5.（24-25辽宁·营口·月考）The temperature there can be very high during the daytime, but very low at night, _____________it requires that the clothes are comfortable for daily life. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：那里的气温白天可能非常高，但晚上可能非常低，因此日常生活中服装需舒适。根据“The temperature there can be very high during the daytime, but very low at night, … it requires that the clothes are comfortable for daily life.”可知，前后句为因果关系，因此用连词“so”，表示“因此”。故填so。 6.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）A bowl of Lanzhou beef noodles has become famous around the world, loved and praised by people both at home abroad. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：一碗兰州牛肉面在世界各地都很有名，深受国内外人们的喜爱和称赞。both…and…“两者都”，因此填入连词and。故填and。 1.（2024·辽宁·中考真题）Have you heard of wallball? Wallball is a simple sport to play. You only need a ball ____________ a wall, so you can play anywhere at any time. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：你只需要一个球和一个墙，所以你可以在任何时间任何地点玩。前后两者是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 2.（2025·辽宁·大连·一模）Some tea tree leaves dropped into his boiling water. The nice smell ____________ taste made him interested, and that’s how tea started in China. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：那好闻的气味和味道让他产生了兴趣，这就是茶在中国的起源。根据“smell…taste”可知，气味和味道是并列关系，此处需用并列连词连接两个名词，and“和……”符合。故填and。 3.（2025·辽宁·鞍山·二模）Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly, __________ engineers ran beside them to help. This teamwork has become key to robotics progress. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：一些机器人的关节变得太热，而另一些很快就没电了，所以工程师们在它们旁边奔跑来提供帮助。根据“Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly...engineers ran beside them to help.”可知，前后句子是因果关系，前面是原因，后面是结果，所以用连词“so”，表示“所以”。故填so。 4.（24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试）Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. They are too small to be seen, 267 fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：它们太小了，看不见，所以鱼可能会误食它们并生病。 根据“They are too small to be seen…fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. ”可知，微塑料因为很小不能被看见，所以会被鱼误食，是因果关系。故填so。 5.（2025·辽宁·铁岭·二模） “For me, reading is the most difficult part because many of the Chinese characters have two or three pronunciations (发音), I often make mistakes.” 【答案】so 【详解】句意：对我来说，阅读是最难的部分，因为很多汉字有两三种发音，所以我经常犯错。根据“many of the Chinese characters have two or three pronunciations”可知，此处说对于作者来说阅读最难，后半句说经常犯错，存在因果关系，所以用so，表示“因此；所以”。故填so。 6.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·一模）Most people have about 10,000 taste buds. Taste buds are replaced every two weeks, ____________ fewer grow back when you get older. That’s why kids think food tastes stronger than grown-ups do! 【答案】but 【详解】句意：味蕾每两周会更新一次，但随着年龄增长，重新生长的味蕾数量会减少。空前后句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 7.（2025·浙江·湖州·一模）During his time in Baoding, he has enjoyed himself in various activities to learn about Chinese culture, he now even knows a lot about traditional Chinese medicine. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：在保定期间，他参加了各种各样的活动来学习中国文化，乐在其中，现在他甚至了解了很多中医。空前后句是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 8.（2025·辽宁·抚顺·模拟预测）The earthen buildings look simple outside, they have clever designs inside. 【答案】but 【详解】句意：土楼外观朴素，但内部设计巧妙。前后转折关系，故填but。 9.（2025·辽宁·本溪·二模）They found the mud is different from other mud. It feels like sandpaper ___________ moves like cream (奶油). 【答案】but 【详解】句意：它感觉像砂纸，但是像奶油一样移动。根据“It feels like sandpaper ”和“moves like cream”，前后之间是转折关系，所以要用连词but“但是”连接。故填but。 10.（2025·辽宁·鞍山·二模）Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly, __________ engineers ran beside them to help. This teamwork has become key to robotics progress. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：一些机器人的关节变得太热，而另一些很快就没电了，所以工程师们在它们旁边奔跑来提供帮助。根据“Some robots’ joints got too hot, and others ran out of power quickly...engineers ran beside them to help.”可知，前后句子是因果关系，前面是原因，后面是结果，所以用连词“so”，表示“所以”。故填so。 （2025·辽宁·本溪·模拟预测） How many backpacks have you owned since you went to school? Backpacks have become common and popular 11 students in the past 30 years. If your backpacks become old, will you just treat them as rubbish and throw them away? Five years ago, a research 12 (show) that 85% of the old backpacks ended up in rubbish. But as we know, most backpacks 13 (produce) from different materials. If we throw them away, they will be harmful to our environment. 14 some of the old backpacks are no longer of their right color or size, there are still many things you can do with them. Here are some 15 (use) ways for you. For example, do you find it difficult to find 16 (tool) in the house? You can solve this problem by making use of your old backpacks to store all kinds of tools. Also, it is such 17 wonderful idea that you can put your old backpacks online for sale. Besides, offering your backpacks to other poor kids is another good 18 (choose), as those old backpacks may make their life 19 (convenient) than before. All in all, old backpacks are still 20 (value) as long as we put them into use wisely. Remember: rubbish can be turned into treasures! 【答案】 11．among 12．showed 13．are produced 14．Although/Though 15．useful 16．tools 17．a 18．choice 19．more convenient 20．valuable 【解析】本文主要提供了几条合理利用旧书包的建议。 11．句意：在过去的30年里，背包在学生中变得普遍和流行。根据“become common and popular …  students”可知，是在学生中变得普遍和流行。among“在……之中”，用于三者或三者以上。故填among。 12．句意：五年前，一项研究表明85%的旧背包最终成为垃圾。show“显示，表明”，动词；根据“Five years ago”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填showed。 13．句意：但正如我们所知，大多数背包是由不同的材料制成的。produce“生产，制造”，动词；根据“most backpacks … from different materials”可知，背包是被人制作的，用一般现在时的被动语态“is/am/are+done”，主语为“most backpacks”，be动词用are。故填are produced。 14．句意：虽然一些旧背包的颜色和尺寸已经不合适了，但你仍然可以用它们做很多事情。此处用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。 15．句意：以下是一些有用的方法。use“使用”，动词，修饰后面的名词ways，应用其形容词形式useful“有用的”。故填useful。 16．句意：你觉得在家里很难找到你的工具吗？tool“工具”，此处表示泛指，用名词复数形式。故填tools。 17．句意：此外，你可以把旧背包放在网上出售，这真是个好主意。such+名词+that …“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。空处修饰其后的单数名词idea，应用不定冠词，wonderful是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰。故填a。 18．句意：此外，将背包送给其他贫困儿童是另一个不错的选择，因为这些旧背包可能会让他们的生活比以前更方便。choose“选择”，动词，前面有形容词good修饰，此处用其名词形式。故填choice。 19．句意：此外，将背包送给其他贫困儿童是另一个不错的选择，因为这些旧背包可能会让他们的生活比以前更方便。convenient“方便的”，形容词，根据“than”可知，此处用其比较级形式。故填more convenient。 20．句意：总之，只要我们明智地使用旧背包，它们仍然很有价值。value“价值”，名词，此处用其形容词形式valuable“有价值的”，作表语。故填valuable。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $