精品解析：河南省南阳市方城县第一高级中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

方城一高2025年秋期高二年级期末考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a meeting B. Preparing for a meeting. C. Looking through some materials. 2. Who is the man probably talking to? A. A customer. B. A waitress. C. A chef. 3. How many hours does the man suggest studying in the library a week? A. 4 hours. B. 5 hours. C. 8 hours. 4. What does the man offer to do for Suzy? A. Repair her car. B. Book a ticket for her. C. Take her to the airport. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their favorite types of music. B. Different kinds of instruments. C. Their favorite rock stars. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6,7题。 6. Where does the woman work now? A. In the library. B. In a pet shop. C. In a supermarket. 7. What does the woman think of her new manager? A. She’s patient. B. She’s clever. C. She’s quiet. 听第7段材料，回答第8,9题。 8. What did the man do just before the conversation? A. He did some reading. B. He relaxed on a beach. C. He went fishing. 9. Why was Goby put on the beach? A. To attract tourists. B. To introduce the beach. C. To act as a rubbish bin. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a museum. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 11. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Friday. 12. What does the woman decide to do at last? A. Change the reservation. B. Wait for her turn. C. Come back tomorrow. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why is the woman unable to play badminton with the man? A. She is busy. B. She gets injured. C. She feels tired. 14. Who is the man probably? A. A doctor. B. A trainer. C. A student. 15. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Practice Tai Chi. B. Have some rest. C. Exercise with his mum. 16. What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A. Visit the man’s house. B. Take a piano lesson. C. Search for some videos. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is Benjamin Franklin according to the talk? A. The forefather of the US Postal system. B. The first man to deliver mail in the US. C. One of the pilots flying the mail initially. 18. How long have mailmen been delivering mail by scooter(小型摩托车)? A. Over 250 years. B. Over 200 years. C. Over 100 years. 19. When did women begin to take city routes to deliver mail? A. In 1775. B. In 1917. C. In 1918. 20. What will the speaker probably talk about next? A. Another person who flew the mail. B. A story about a female mail carrier. C. An organization that delivers mail. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从媒体所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Explore the science behind these amazing landscapes Retracing Charles Darwin’s travels across North Wales 13 May 2024|6 days Uncover the best of Wales as you explore the dramatic Welsh landscapes of Eryri (Snowdonia) National Park and examine the region geology and how it has been transformed by volcanic and glacial activity over the years.Discover the story of Charles Darwin’s 1831 and 1842 tours of Wales,and retrace his travels on this small group journey to Shrewsbury and Snowdonia. The Rockies and the Badlands:Geology and dinosaurs in Canada 17 June 2024|7 days Explore the majestic Rocky Mountains west of Calgary and the otherworldly Badlands to the cast,witness the stunning scenery and geology of southerm Alberta.This tour includes two visits to UNESCO World Heritage sites,where you will see first-hand the rugged peaks and glacial features of the Banff portion of Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks and the bone-riddled badlands of Dinosaur Provincial Park. Short break:Dinosaurs and Hoodoos:Alberta 23 July 2024|3 days Visit one of the world’s premier dinosaur museums,sail all the way around a World Heritage site with outstanding dinosaur fossils and explore the multi-hued canyons and wind-sculpted hoodoos (石林)of the Alberta Badlands.Throughout this tour you will be accompanied by palaeontologist (古生物学家)Jon Noad,who will share the stories of the rocks,including tales about past oceans,swamps,rivers and deserts,the rise and fall of the dinosaurs and,more recently,ice sheets that covered Alberta and carved out spectacular landscapes. 1. Which of the following might appeal to dinosaur enthusiast most? A The Eryri National Park. B. The Welsh Glaciers. C. The Rocky Mountains. D. The Alberta Badlands. 2. What do all the three tours involve? A. Scientific facts. B. Tales about the past. C. Special companions. D. Visits to World Heritage sites. 3. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A research paper. B. A science fiction. C. A tourism report. D. A travel brochure. B The year 2023 marks the 102th anniversary of Noether’s ring theory, a branch of theoretical mathematics that is still fascinating and challenging numerous mathematicians today. Neother was born in 1882 in Germany, whose father was a math professor, but it must have seemed unlikely to a young Neother that she would follow in his footsteps because women were banned from academia and few took classes at universities. After Neother graduated from a high school for girls, Erlangen University started to let women enroll. She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics, which should have been the end of her mathematical journey. Teaching at a university for women was still out of the question. But Neother stuck with mathematics anyway, staying in Erlangen and unofficially guiding doctoral students without pay. In 1915 she applied for a position at the University of Gottingen. Bill Nicholl, the dean at the university, also a mathematician, was in favor of hiring Neother, although his argument was far from feminist (女权主义). “The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production,” he wrote, “but Neother stood out as one of the rare exceptions.” Unfortunately for Neother,the Ministry of Education would not give the university permission to have a woman as their teacher. Neother stayed in Gottingen and taught courses listed under the name of a male faculty teacher. During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein’s theory of relativity. The university finally granted her lecturer status. Two years later, Neother published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory, which is the study of mathematical objects called rings. Neotherian rings show up all the time in modern mathematics. Mathematicians still use Neother’s map today,not just in ring theory,but in other area such as number theory and algebraic geometry. 4. What do we learn about Neother from paragraph 2? A. She taught at university as a teacher. B. She earned a degree in mathematics. C. She was taught by her father at home D. She quit her mathematical journey early. 5. What can we infer from Bill Nicholl’s words ? A. He was struggling for feminist. B. Females’brains differed from males’. C. Neother was a giant in mathematics. D. Women mathematicians were superb. 6. What do we know about Noether’s ring theory? A. It is still used by mathematicians today. B. It opens up a new field in modern physics. C. It is based on Einstein’s theory of relativity. D. It lays the foundation for modern mathematics. 7. Which of the following can best describe Noether? A. Gifted and generous. B. Sensitive and determined. C. Committed and creative. D. Hardworking and honest. C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. D Called ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), the idea is to use surface water warmed by the sun to heat a fluid such as ammonia or water, which then runs a heat engine to produce energy, just like a power plant driven by steam. Cold water from deeper layers of the ocean would then be piped up to cool the fluid and repeat the cycle. Theoretically, oceans could provide vast amounts of electricity like this. Researchers have estimated that there is enough ocean heat to supply 7,000 gigawatt s a year without affecting ocean circulation, enough to supply the world’s electricity demand— if we can access it. The idea was first put forward in 1881, but went largely unexplored until the 1970s oil. crisis drove a search for new sources of energy. In the years since, demonstration projects have been built, but progress has been “disappointing”, says AI Binger at SIDS DOCK, an organisation that promotes clean energy development in small island countries. In recent years, a fresh urgency to transition away from fossil fuels has brought a suggestion of an OTEC return. “It’s the most promising it’s been in many decades,” says Andrea Copping at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington state. Tropical (热带的) islands are good candidates for OTEC because of their high energy costs— diesel (柴油) generators are common there—and the presence of deep cold water not far from shore, says James Van Zwieten at Florida Atlantic University. Islands also have less space for other types of renewables. A barrier for past projects was the cost of fixing kilometres of large pipes to reach deep water. Global OTEC aims to avoid that by extending a shorter pipe from a platform floating in deep water 10 kilometres offshore, then transmitting electricity back via a cable (电缆), and making use of advances made in offshore wind technology. “OTEC will be part of providing a reasonable energy transition so these places aren’t depending on diesel imports from the richest petrol states in the world,” says Dan Grech, Global OTEC’s CEO. 12. What can we learn about OTEC technology from paragraph 1? A. It mainly uses offshore wind to generate electricity. B. It has been widely applied to the oceans all over the world. C. It can clean the water in the deeper layers of the ocean. D. It depends strongly on the temperature difference in the ocean. 13. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The advantages of OTEC. B. The development of OTEC. C. Successful projects of OTEC. D. Different opinions on OTEC. 14. What difficulty did the past projects have with OTEC on islands? A. Lacking technology for generating electricity. B. Being far away from the shore. C. Enormous investment in the pipe equipment. D. Great demand for the space. 15. What is Dan Grech’s attitude towards OTEC? A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 第二节(共五小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 第三部分，语言应用(共两部分;每小题一分，共15分) 第一节 完形填空(共15分) When Beverly Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her ____21____, notably dryness and discomfort. “I was simply ____22____ a terrible experience.” Ms.Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto.“I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.” Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had ____23____ problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in ____24____.“Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so ____25____,” she said.“But more and more are suffering and lives are being ____26____.” Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research program at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team ____27____ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done ____28____ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising ____29____ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. So far, she has raised $ 110,000 with another $40,000 ____30____. “I’m trying to get more and more people to ____31____ that there are solutions,” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after ____32____. “I say there is no old age, there’s only neglect (忽视). Don’t stand ____33____. Do something about it.” Ms.Burdeyney ____34____ that she is hoping to do more for the research project. “I just want to bring light into people’s eyes and this is just the ____35____. There is still a long way to go.” 21. A. throat B. skin C. lungs D. eyes 22. A. getting over B. going through C. holding on D. passing down 23. A. similar B. various C. personal D. special 24. A. turn B. peace C. vain D. silence 25. A. unbearable B. abnormal C. insignificant D. disturbing 26 A. compromised B. forgotten C. substituted D. separated 27. A. informed B. doubted C. included D. dismissed 28. A. part-time B. controversial C. voluntary D. ground-breaking 29. A. money B. standards C. awareness D. questions 30. A. wasted B. donated C. expected D. earned 31. A. imagine B. confirm C. remember D. understand 32. A. retirement B. childbirth C. graduation D. marriage 33. A. straight B. still C. firm D. alone 34. A. commented B. learned C. reminded D. added 35. A. future B. beginning C. truth D. meaning 第二节，语法填空(共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Known as the “king of paper”, Xuan paper has been recording Chinese culture since its ____36____ (invent). It has contributed to the continuity and inheritance (遗产) of the Chinese spirit for thousands of years. The soft, white and fine-textured paper is known for its longevity. Most ancient Chinese books that have survived to the present day were made using this time-honored paper. The paper’s most important feature is its ability ____37____ (absorb) water and resist ink, ____38____ makes it an ideal material for Chinese calligraphy and painting. The making of Xuan paper is a highly demanding process ____39____ (consist) of 108 steps in total. From soaking, washing, boiling, bleaching (晒白) and pulping (把……化为纸浆) the raw materials to screening, sunning and cutting, ____40____ single sheet of paper takes more than two years to make. The craft has been passed down orally ____41____ generations from master to apprentice. The most famous Xuan paper ____42____ (produce) in Jing County, Anhui Province. For several decades, Jing County has been working to promote the paper industry. By 2027, the small county ____43____ (become) home to more than 520 companies ____44____ (involve) in Xuan paper making. Today, the Xuan paper made in Jing County is sold both ____45____ (domestic) and overseas, sought after by calligraphers and painters worldwide. 第四部分 写作(共40分) 第一节，应用文写作(共15分) 46. 假定你是李华。随着春节假期的到来，你校号召学生在寒假期间学习一项技能。请写出一项你最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。内容包括： 1.想要学习的技能 2.想要学习的原因。 注意： ].写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答， The Skill I Want to Acquire _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节，读后续写(共25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny early spring morning, Anna, together with her grandchildren Julie, Fred and Erik, was playing happily in the backyard. While playing, Anna said to the kids, “I am going to plant something in the garden. Who would like to help me?” “What are you going to plant, Grandma?” asked Julie. “I like pleasant, bright-colored roses.” “But I like lively, big, yellow sunflowers!” said Fred. “Well, I’m going to plant some vegetables so that we can have fresh vegetables to eat when they are ready,” said Anna. “How long does that take?” asked Erik. He liked vegetables sometimes, especially tomatoes. “It will take several months before anything is ready to eat,” answered Anna. The kids were surprised. “Several months? Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?” asked Julie. “Why not just go to the store and buy them?” “Patience, my sweeties! Don’t you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?” replied Anna. “And if all of you come to help, it won’t be too much work.” “I’ll help you, Grandma,” offered Erik. He put down the basketball and went to look at the gardening tools Anna had laid out. “What should we do first?” Fred and Julie came over to have a look, too. Firstly, Anna taught Erik how to use a travel (小铲子) to dig rows of small holes for the seeds. Next, she showed Julie how to pour the seeds into each hole carefully. And then it was Fred’s job to cover up the holes with soil little by little. Finally, Julie wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Erik pushed into the ground. “This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we have planted,” said Anna. After planting everything, the kids took turns in filling up the watering pot so that Anna could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow. “From now on, we just water them a little each day, and with some time and sunshine, we’ll have some delicious things to eat in the summer,” said Anna. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Every time the kids came to visit, they would rush into the garden as fast as possible. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eventually, Anna said, “It was about time for the first harvest.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 方城一高2025年秋期高二年级期末考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a meeting B. Preparing for a meeting. C. Looking through some materials. 2 Who is the man probably talking to? A. A customer. B. A waitress. C. A chef. 3. How many hours does the man suggest studying in the library a week? A. 4 hours. B. 5 hours. C. 8 hours. 4. What does the man offer to do for Suzy? A. Repair her car. B. Book a ticket for her. C. Take her to the airport. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their favorite types of music. B. Different kinds of instruments. C. Their favorite rock stars. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6,7题。 6. Where does the woman work now? A. In the library. B. In a pet shop. C. In a supermarket. 7. What does the woman think of her new manager? A. She’s patient. B. She’s clever. C. She’s quiet. 听第7段材料，回答第8,9题。 8. What did the man do just before the conversation? A. He did some reading. B. He relaxed on a beach. C. He went fishing. 9. Why was Goby put on the beach? A. To attract tourists. B. To introduce the beach. C. To act as a rubbish bin. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A In a museum. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 11. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Friday. 12. What does the woman decide to do at last? A. Change the reservation. B. Wait for her turn. C. Come back tomorrow. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why is the woman unable to play badminton with the man? A. She is busy. B. She gets injured. C. She feels tired. 14. Who is the man probably? A. A doctor. B. A trainer. C. A student. 15. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Practice Tai Chi. B. Have some rest. C. Exercise with his mum. 16. What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A. Visit the man’s house. B. Take a piano lesson. C. Search for some videos. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is Benjamin Franklin according to the talk? A. The forefather of the US Postal system. B. The first man to deliver mail in the US. C. One of the pilots flying the mail initially. 18. How long have mailmen been delivering mail by scooter(小型摩托车)? A. Over 250 years. B. Over 200 years. C. Over 100 years. 19. When did women begin to take city routes to deliver mail? A. In 1775. B. In 1917. C. In 1918. 20. What will the speaker probably talk about next? A. Another person who flew the mail. B. A story about a female mail carrier. C. An organization that delivers mail. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从媒体所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Explore the science behind these amazing landscapes Retracing Charles Darwin’s travels across North Wales 13 May 2024|6 days Uncover the best of Wales as you explore the dramatic Welsh landscapes of Eryri (Snowdonia) National Park and examine the region geology and how it has been transformed by volcanic and glacial activity over the years.Discover the story of Charles Darwin’s 1831 and 1842 tours of Wales,and retrace his travels on this small group journey to Shrewsbury and Snowdonia. The Rockies and the Badlands:Geology and dinosaurs in Canada 17 June 2024|7 days Explore the majestic Rocky Mountains west of Calgary and the otherworldly Badlands to the cast,witness the stunning scenery and geology of southerm Alberta.This tour includes two visits to UNESCO World Heritage sites,where you will see first-hand the rugged peaks and glacial features of the Banff portion of Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks and the bone-riddled badlands of Dinosaur Provincial Park. Short break:Dinosaurs and Hoodoos:Alberta 23 July 2024|3 days Visit one of the world’s premier dinosaur museums,sail all the way around a World Heritage site with outstanding dinosaur fossils and explore the multi-hued canyons and wind-sculpted hoodoos (石林)of the Alberta Badlands.Throughout this tour you will be accompanied by palaeontologist (古生物学家)Jon Noad,who will share the stories of the rocks,including tales about past oceans,swamps,rivers and deserts,the rise and fall of the dinosaurs and,more recently,ice sheets that covered Alberta and carved out spectacular landscapes. 1. Which of the following might appeal to dinosaur enthusiast most? A. The Eryri National Park. B. The Welsh Glaciers. C. The Rocky Mountains. D. The Alberta Badlands. 2. What do all the three tours involve? A. Scientific facts. B. Tales about the past. C. Special companions. D. Visits to World Heritage sites. 3. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A research paper. B. A science fiction. C. A tourism report. D. A travel brochure. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了三个关于神奇地质景观的旅行。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Visit one of the world’s premier dinosaur museums,sail all the way around a World Heritage site with outstanding dinosaur fossils and explore the multi-hued canyons and wind-sculpted hoodoos (石林) of the Alberta Badlands.(参观世界上首屈一指的恐龙博物馆之一，在拥有杰出恐龙化石的世界遗产遗址周围航行，探索阿尔伯塔荒原的多彩峡谷和风雕石林)”可知，阿尔伯塔荒原可能最吸引恐龙爱好者，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章标题“Explore the science behind these amazing landscapes(探索这些神奇景观背后的科学)”并结合第一段中“Uncover the best of Wales as you explore the dramatic Welsh landscapes of Eryri (Snowdonia) National Park and examine the region geology and how it has been transformed by volcanic and glacial activity over the years.(当您探索厄里（斯诺登尼亚）国家公园引人注目的威尔士景观时，揭开威尔士最好的一面，并研究该地区的地质情况，以及多年来火山和冰川活动如何改变了它)”、第二段中“Explore the majestic Rocky Mountains west of Calgary and the otherworldly Badlands to the cast, witness the stunning scenery and geology of southerm Alberta.(探索卡尔加里西部雄伟的落基山脉和超凡脱俗的荒地，见证阿尔伯塔省南部令人惊叹的风景和地质)”和最后一段中“Throughout this tour you will be accompanied by palaeontologist (古生物学家)Jon Noad,who will share the stories of the rocks,including tales about past oceans,swamps,rivers and deserts,the rise and fall of the dinosaurs and,more recently,ice sheets that covered Alberta and carved out spectacular landscapes.(在整个旅程中，古生物学家Jon Noad将与您分享岩石的故事，包括过去的海洋，沼泽，河流和沙漠，恐龙的兴衰，以及最近覆盖阿尔伯塔省并雕刻出壮观景观的冰盖的故事。)”结合文章标题“Explore the science behind these amazing landscapes(探索这些神奇景观背后的科学)”可知，文章介绍了一些有关神奇景观的旅行，探索这些神奇景观背后的科学，故三个旅行的共同点是它们都涉及科学事实，故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合文章标题“Explore the science behind these amazing landscapes(探索这些神奇景观背后的科学)”可知，文章介绍了三个关于神奇地质景观的旅行，应是出自一本旅游手册，故选D。 B The year 2023 marks the 102th anniversary of Noether’s ring theory, a branch of theoretical mathematics that is still fascinating and challenging numerous mathematicians today. Neother was born in 1882 in Germany, whose father was a math professor, but it must have seemed unlikely to a young Neother that she would follow in his footsteps because women were banned from academia and few took classes at universities. After Neother graduated from a high school for girls, Erlangen University started to let women enroll. She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics, which should have been the end of her mathematical journey. Teaching at a university for women was still out of the question. But Neother stuck with mathematics anyway, staying in Erlangen and unofficially guiding doctoral students without pay. In 1915, she applied for a position at the University of Gottingen. Bill Nicholl, the dean at the university, also a mathematician, was in favor of hiring Neother, although his argument was far from feminist (女权主义). “The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production,” he wrote, “but Neother stood out as one of the rare exceptions.” Unfortunately for Neother,the Ministry of Education would not give the university permission to have a woman as their teacher. Neother stayed in Gottingen and taught courses listed under the name of a male faculty teacher. During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein’s theory of relativity. The university finally granted her lecturer status. Two years later, Neother published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory, which is the study of mathematical objects called rings. Neotherian rings show up all the time in modern mathematics. Mathematicians still use Neother’s map today,not just in ring theory,but in other area such as number theory and algebraic geometry. 4. What do we learn about Neother from paragraph 2? A. She taught at university as a teacher. B. She earned a degree in mathematics. C. She was taught by her father at home D. She quit her mathematical journey early. 5. What can we infer from Bill Nicholl’s words ? A. He was struggling for feminist. B. Females’brains differed from males’. C. Neother was a giant in mathematics. D. Women mathematicians were superb. 6. What do we know about Noether’s ring theory? A. It is still used by mathematicians today. B. It opens up a new field in modern physics. C. It is based on Einstein’s theory of relativity. D. It lays the foundation for modern mathematics. 7. Which of the following can best describe Noether? A. Gifted and generous. B. Sensitive and determined. C. Committed and creative. D. Hardworking and honest. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Neother 为数学做出了开拓性的贡献，在那个时代，女性还被排斥在学术界之外，但她坚守数学领域，发表了有关环论的革命性发现，至今数学家们仍在思考和发展她的发现。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics (她报名参加并获得了数学博士学位)”可知，Neother获得了数学学位。故选 B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“ “The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production,” he wrote, “but Neother stood out as one of the rare exceptions.”(“女性的大脑不适合进行数学运算，”他写道，“但诺瑟尔是为数不多的例外之一。”)”可推知，Neother是天生的数学大师人物。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Mathematicians still use Neother’s map today, not just in ring theory, but in other area such as number theory and algebraic geometry.(数学家们今天仍然在使用Neother的地图，不仅在环理论中，而且在其他领域，如数论和代数几何中)”可知，环论在今天依然为数学家所利用。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein’s theory of relativity. The university finally granted her lecturer status. Two years later, Neother published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory.(在那些年里，她一直在做研究，对理论物理学和爱因斯坦的相对论做出了重要贡献。大学最终授予她讲师的地位。两年后，Neother发表了关于环理论的革命性发现)”可推知，Neother 是坚定的且有创意的人。故选C。 C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。 【点睛】 D Called ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), the idea is to use surface water warmed by the sun to heat a fluid such as ammonia or water, which then runs a heat engine to produce energy, just like a power plant driven by steam. Cold water from deeper layers of the ocean would then be piped up to cool the fluid and repeat the cycle. Theoretically, oceans could provide vast amounts of electricity like this. Researchers have estimated that there is enough ocean heat to supply 7,000 gigawatt s a year without affecting ocean circulation, enough to supply the world’s electricity demand— if we can access it. The idea was first put forward in 1881, but went largely unexplored until the 1970s oil. crisis drove a search for new sources of energy. In the years since, demonstration projects have been built, but progress has been “disappointing”, says AI Binger at SIDS DOCK, an organisation that promotes clean energy development in small island countries. In recent years, a fresh urgency to transition away from fossil fuels has brought a suggestion of an OTEC return. “It’s the most promising it’s been in many decades,” says Andrea Copping at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington state. Tropical (热带的) islands are good candidates for OTEC because of their high energy costs— diesel (柴油) generators are common there—and the presence of deep cold water not far from shore, says James Van Zwieten at Florida Atlantic University. Islands also have less space for other types of renewables. A barrier for past projects was the cost of fixing kilometres of large pipes to reach deep water. Global OTEC aims to avoid that by extending a shorter pipe from a platform floating in deep water 10 kilometres offshore, then transmitting electricity back via a cable (电缆), and making use of advances made in offshore wind technology. “OTEC will be part of providing a reasonable energy transition so these places aren’t depending on diesel imports from the richest petrol states in the world,” says Dan Grech, Global OTEC’s CEO. 12. What can we learn about OTEC technology from paragraph 1? A. It mainly uses offshore wind to generate electricity. B. It has been widely applied to the oceans all over the world. C. It can clean the water in the deeper layers of the ocean. D. It depends strongly on the temperature difference in the ocean. 13. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The advantages of OTEC. B. The development of OTEC. C. Successful projects of OTEC. D. Different opinions on OTEC. 14. What difficulty did the past projects have with OTEC on islands? A. Lacking technology for generating electricity. B. Being far away from the shore. C. Enormous investment in the pipe equipment. D. Great demand for the space. 15. What is Dan Grech’s attitude towards OTEC? A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋热能转换的想法的原理、发展过程、意义、前景等。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Called ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), the idea is to use surface water warmed by the sun to heat a fluid such as ammonia or water, which then runs a heat engine to produce energy, just like a power plant driven by steam. Cold water from deeper layers of the ocean would then be piped up to cool the fluid and repeat the cycle. Theoretically, oceans could provide vast amounts of electricity like this. (这个被称为海洋热能转换（OTEC）的想法是利用被太阳加热的地表水加热氨或水等流体，然后运行热机产生能量，就像由蒸汽驱动的发电厂一样。然后，来自海洋较深层的冷水将被输送上来冷却液体，并重复这个循环。理论上，海洋可以像这样提供大量的电力。)”可知，OTEC技术很大程度上取决于海洋中的温差。故选D。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“The idea was first put forward in 1881, but went largely unexplored until the 1970s oil. crisis drove a search for new sources of energy. In the years since, demonstration projects have been built, but progress has been “disappointing”, says AI Binger at SIDS DOCK, an organisation that promotes clean energy development in small island countries. In recent years, a fresh urgency to transition away from fossil fuels has brought a suggestion of an OTEC return. “It’s the most promising it’s been in many decades,” says Andrea Copping at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington state. (这个想法最早是在1881年提出的，但直到20世纪70年代石油才得到了广泛的探索。危机促使人们寻找新能源。SIDS DOCK是一个促进小岛屿国家清洁能源发展的组织，它的AI Binger说，在那之后的几年里，示范项目已经建成，但是进展“令人失望”。近年来，从化石燃料转型的新紧迫性带来了OTEC回归的建议。“这是几十年来最有希望的，”华盛顿州太平洋西北国家实验室的安德里亚·科平说。)”可知，第2段主要讲OTEC的发展。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“A barrier for past projects was the cost of fixing kilometres of large pipes to reach deep water. (过去项目一个障碍是，为深水铺设长达数公里的大型管道的成本。)”可知，过去项目的一个困难是对管道设备的巨大投资。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中““OTEC will be part of providing a reasonable energy transition so these places aren’t depending on diesel imports from the richest petrol states in the world,” says Dan Grech, Global OTEC’s CEO. (“OTEC将提供合理的能源转型，使这些地方不再依赖于从世界上最富有的石油国家进口柴油，”全球OTEC首席执行官Dan Grech表示。)”可知，Dan Grech对于OTEC是支持的。故选B。 第二节(共五小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 【16题详解】 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ” (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。 【点睛】 第三部分，语言应用(共两部分;每小题一分，共15分) 第一节 完形填空(共15分) When Beverly Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her ____21____, notably dryness and discomfort. “I was simply ____22____ a terrible experience.” Ms.Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto.“I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.” Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had ____23____ problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in ____24____.“Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so ____25____,” she said.“But more and more are suffering and lives are being ____26____.” Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research program at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team ____27____ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done ____28____ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising ____29____ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. So far, she has raised $ 110,000 with another $40,000 ____30____. “I’m trying to get more and more people to ____31____ that there are solutions,” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after ____32____. “I say there is no old age, there’s only neglect (忽视). Don’t stand ____33____. Do something about it.” Ms.Burdeyney ____34____ that she is hoping to do more for the research project. “I just want to bring light into people’s eyes and this is just the ____35____. There is still a long way to go.” 21. A. throat B. skin C. lungs D. eyes 22. A. getting over B. going through C. holding on D. passing down 23. A. similar B. various C. personal D. special 24. A. turn B. peace C. vain D. silence 25. A. unbearable B. abnormal C. insignificant D. disturbing 26. A. compromised B. forgotten C. substituted D. separated 27. A. informed B. doubted C. included D. dismissed 28. A. part-time B. controversial C. voluntary D. ground-breaking 29 A. money B. standards C. awareness D. questions 30. A. wasted B. donated C. expected D. earned 31. A. imagine B. confirm C. remember D. understand 32. A. retirement B. childbirth C. graduation D. marriage 33. A. straight B. still C. firm D. alone 34. A. commented B. learned C. reminded D. added 35. A. future B. beginning C. truth D. meaning 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了74岁的Beverly Burdeyney因眼部问题生活受到影响，发现许多人默默承受同样困扰后，她积极为以色列特拉维夫大学的一项干细胞眼科研项目筹款，希望为人们带来光明，并鼓励大家积极行动。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，当贝弗利·伯德尼74岁时，她的眼睛开始出现问题，特别是干燥和不适。A. throat喉咙；B. skin皮肤；C. lungs肺；D. eyes眼睛。根据后文‌“dryness and discomfort”、“eye research program”和‌“bring light into people’s eyes”等描述可知，伯德尼女士是“眼睛”有问题。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我只是在经历一段可怕的经历。”伯德尼女士在她多伦多的家中说道。A. getting over克服；B. going through经历；C. holding on坚持；D. passing down传递。根据后文‌“a terrible experience”和“I felt so helpless and insecure”对她的感受描述可知，她是在“经历”一段困难时期。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伯德尼女士和一些有类似问题的朋友交谈过。A. similar类似的；B. various多样的；C. personal个人的；D. special特殊的。根据后文‌“discovered that they were largely suffering in 4 ”可知，她和朋友都在受困于眼疾，所以是“类似的”问题。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：发现她们大多在默默忍受。A. (in) turn轮流；B. (in) peace和平地；C. (in) vain徒劳地；D. (in) silence沉默地。根据后文‌“Nobody chooses to talk about it”，没有人愿意谈论这个问题，所以大家是“默默地”承受。suffer in silence是常见搭配。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“没有人选择谈论它，因为它看起来太微不足道了。”她说。A. unbearable无法忍受的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. insignificant不重要的，微不足道的；D. disturbing令人不安的。后文“But more and more are suffering”形成转折，说明尽管问题普遍，但人们因为觉得它“不重要”或“不值一提”而不愿谈论。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但越来越多的人正在受苦，生活正在受到影响。A. compromised受损害，受影响；B. forgotten被遗忘；C. substituted被替代；D. separated被分开。根据前文她的亲身感受‌“the quality of my life was affected”可知，有眼疾的人生活品质下降，即“受损”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究团队包括了加拿大医生艾伦·斯洛莫维奇，他在使用干细胞进行眼部护理方面做了开创性的工作。A. informed通知；B. doubted怀疑；C. included包括；D. dismissed解雇。根据前文“an eye research program at Tel Aviv University”和后文介绍专家“Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 8 work on eye care”可知，他是该研究团队的成员，所以是“包括”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究团队包括了加拿大医生艾伦·斯洛莫维奇，他在使用干细胞进行眼部护理方面做了开创性的工作。A. part-time兼职的；B. controversial有争议的；C. voluntary志愿的；D. ground-breaking开创性的。根据后文‌“Seeing a ray of hope”可知，这项研究给了她希望，说明研究是前沿的、“开创性的”工作。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到一线希望，伯德尼女士开始与多伦多商人迈耶·蔡夫曼一起为这个项目筹集资金。A. money钱；B. standards标准；C. awareness意识；D. questions问题。根据后文具体金额‌“$ 110,000”可知，她是在“筹钱”。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经筹集了11万美元，预计还将有4万美元。A. wasted浪费；B. donated捐赠；C. expected预期，预计；D. earned赚取。根据‌“with another $40,000”可知，另一笔钱是“预期”或“有望”筹得的。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我试图让越来越多的人明白是有解决办法的，”伯德尼女士说，她是一位受过训练的护士，在退休后仍然作为一名私人教练工作。A. imagine想象；B. confirm确认；C. remember记住；D. understand明白，理解。根据前文她发现了新的科研项目并开始筹款，她的目的是通过行动让更多人“明白”问题是有解决希望的。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我试图让越来越多的人明白是有解决办法的，”伯德尼女士说，她是一位受过训练的护士，在退休后仍然作为一名私人教练工作。A. retirement退休；B. childbirth分娩；C. graduation毕业；D. marriage结婚。根据前文‌“When Beverly Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year”可知，她已74岁，且‌“still working”，这应该是在正式“退休”后继续工作。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不要站着不动，要为此做点什么。A. straight笔直地；B. still静止地；C. firm坚定地；D. alone独自地。根据‌“Do something about it”可知，与之相对的是“静止不动”；stand still意为“站着不动，停滞不前”。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯德尼女士补充说，她希望为这个研究项目做更多事情。A. commented评论；B. learned学习；C. reminded提醒；D. added补充说。根据语境，这是她在前述话语‌“Don’t stand still. Do something about it.”之后进一步的表述，因此是“补充说”。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我只是想让人们重见光明，而这仅仅是个开始。还有很长的路要走。”A. future未来；B. beginning开始；C. truth真相；D. meaning意义。根据后文‌“There is still a long way to go”，说明目前所取得的进展(如筹款)只是“开始”。故选B项。 第二节，语法填空(共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Known as the “king of paper”, Xuan paper has been recording Chinese culture since its ____36____ (invent). It has contributed to the continuity and inheritance (遗产) of the Chinese spirit for thousands of years. The soft, white and fine-textured paper is known for its longevity. Most ancient Chinese books that have survived to the present day were made using this time-honored paper. The paper’s most important feature is its ability ____37____ (absorb) water and resist ink, ____38____ makes it an ideal material for Chinese calligraphy and painting. The making of Xuan paper is a highly demanding process ____39____ (consist) of 108 steps in total. From soaking, washing, boiling, bleaching (晒白) and pulping (把……化为纸浆) the raw materials to screening, sunning and cutting, ____40____ single sheet of paper takes more than two years to make. The craft has been passed down orally ____41____ generations from master to apprentice. The most famous Xuan paper ____42____ (produce) in Jing County, Anhui Province. For several decades, Jing County has been working to promote the paper industry. By 2027, the small county ____43____ (become) home to more than 520 companies ____44____ (involve) in Xuan paper making. Today, the Xuan paper made in Jing County is sold both ____45____ (domestic) and overseas, sought after by calligraphers and painters worldwide. 【答案】36. invention 37. to absorb 38. which 39. consisting 40. a 41. by##through 42. is produced 43. will have become 44. involved 45. domestically 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宣纸，这种被誉为“纸中之王”的纸张，自其发明以来便一直承载着中华文化，对中华精神的延续和传承做出了巨大贡献。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：宣纸被誉为“纸中之王”，自其发明以来便一直记录着中华文化。提示词作介词since后宾语，用名词invention，意为“发明”，指一种行为，是不可数名词。故填invention。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种纸最重要的特性是能够吸水和防墨，这使得它成为中国书法和绘画的理想材料。“______ (absorb) water and resist ink”作后置定语修饰名词ability，absorb(吸收)用非谓语动词形式，且名词ability后用常不定式作后置定语。故填to absorb。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种纸最重要的特性是能够吸水和防墨，这使得它成为中国书法和绘画的理想材料。“____ makes it an ideal material for Chinese calligraphy and painting”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：宣纸的制作过程要求极高，总共包括108个步骤。“(consist) of 108 steps in total”作后置定语修饰名词process，consist of(由……组成)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语process之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动；且动词短语consist of无被动，用作非谓语动词时，只能用现在分词形式。故填consisting。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：从浸泡、洗涤、煮沸、漂白和打浆原材料到筛选、晾晒和切割，一张纸的制作需要两年多的时间。sheet(纸张)是可数名词单数，在句中表示“一张”，泛指，且single发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：这项工艺通过口口相传，从师傅传给徒弟，代代相传。根据句意，用介词by或through构成介词短语by/through generations，意为“代代相传”，符合语境。故填by/through。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：最著名的宣纸产于安徽省泾县。produce(生产)是谓语动词，与主语Xuan paper之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is produced。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：到2027年，这个小县城将拥有520多家宣纸制造企业。become(成为)是谓语动词，根据时间状语By 2027可知，表示将来某一时间前已经完成的动作，用将来完成时态。故填will have become。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到2027年，这个小县城将拥有520多家宣纸制造企业。“(involve) in Xuan paper making”作后置定语，involve(使……参加/加入)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语companies之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式表被动。故填involved。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：如今，泾县生产的宣纸畅销国内外，深受世界各地书法家和画家的喜爱。提示词修饰动词sold，用副词domestically作状语，意为“在国内”。故填domestically。 第四部分 写作(共40分) 第一节，应用文写作(共15分) 46. 假定你是李华。随着春节假期的到来，你校号召学生在寒假期间学习一项技能。请写出一项你最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。内容包括： 1.想要学习的技能 2.想要学习的原因。 注意： ].写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答， The Skill I Want to Acquire _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version; The Skill I Want to Acquire With the Spring Festival approaching, I will have quite a lot of free time, which is a good chance to gain some useful skills. For me, learning to cut paper is something I am eager to acquire. As we all know, paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese culture and a visual feast. During the Spring Festival, houses are decorated with paper-cuts so that everyone can bask in the festive atmosphere. Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill to contribute to the preservation of traditional culture. I believe I can do it if I put my mind to it. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写出一项最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 临近：approach→around the corner 机会：chance→opportunity 打算：intend to do sth→plan to do sth 保护：preservation→protection 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill to contribute to the preservation of traditional culture. 拓展句：Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill, which contributes to the preservation of traditional culture. 【点睛】[高分句型1] With the Spring Festival approaching, I will have quite a lot of free time, which is a good chance to gain some useful skills. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] I believe I can do it if I put my mind to it. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第二节，读后续写(共25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny early spring morning, Anna, together with her grandchildren Julie, Fred and Erik, was playing happily in the backyard. While playing, Anna said to the kids, “I am going to plant something in the garden. Who would like to help me?” “What are you going to plant, Grandma?” asked Julie. “I like pleasant, bright-colored roses.” “But I like lively, big, yellow sunflowers!” said Fred. “Well, I’m going to plant some vegetables so that we can have fresh vegetables to eat when they are ready,” said Anna. “How long does that take?” asked Erik. He liked vegetables sometimes, especially tomatoes. “It will take several months before anything is ready to eat,” answered Anna. The kids were surprised. “Several months? Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?” asked Julie. “Why not just go to the store and buy them?” “Patience, my sweeties! Don’t you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?” replied Anna. “And if all of you come to help, it won’t be too much work.” “I’ll help you, Grandma,” offered Erik. He put down the basketball and went to look at the gardening tools Anna had laid out. “What should we do first?” Fred and Julie came over to have a look, too. Firstly, Anna taught Erik how to use a travel (小铲子) to dig rows of small holes for the seeds. Next, she showed Julie how to pour the seeds into each hole carefully. And then it was Fred’s job to cover up the holes with soil little by little. Finally, Julie wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Erik pushed into the ground. “This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we have planted,” said Anna. After planting everything, the kids took turns in filling up the watering pot so that Anna could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow. “From now on, we just water them a little each day, and with some time and sunshine, we’ll have some delicious things to eat in the summer,” said Anna. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Every time the kids came to visit, they would rush into the garden as fast as possible. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eventually, Anna said, “It was about time for the first harvest.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Every time the kids came to visit, they would dash into the garden as fast as possible. Not surprisingly, they were going to see how the garden was growing. After watering the vegetables, they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana’s instruction if necessary. As time went by, the plants were growing taller and stronger. When they noticed the vegetables flowering and producing fruits, their eyes were sparkling like diamonds. Never had they looked forward to summer like this before. But they clearly knew that it’s worthwhile to wait for the inviting results. Eventually, Anna said, “It was about time for the first harvest.” Hearing that, the children all jumped into the air and cheers filled the whole garden. Nana gave them each baskets and, together they gathered some of the cucumbers, carrots and tomatoes, which we’re turned into delicacies. “Who wants to help eat this fresh salad?” Nana asked. “Me!” everyone responded loudly. Tasting the salad, they thought nothing could be more delicious, because it was they who grew these vegetables. They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一个阳光明媚的早春早晨，安娜和她的孙子朱莉、弗雷德和埃里克在后院快乐地玩耍。他们决定种植一些蔬菜，并且耐心照顾这些蔬菜，最后获得了丰收。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“每次孩子们来拜访，他们都会尽可能快地冲进花园。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们照顾蔬菜的经过以及期待夏天到来。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，安娜说：‘到了第一次收获的时候了。’”可知，第二段可描写孩子们收获时的表现以及感悟。 2.续写线索：孩子们冲进花园——照顾蔬菜——期待结果——收获——欢呼高兴——孩子们感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①查看：see/examine ②去除：remove/wipe out ③注意到：notice/take notice of 情绪类 ①值得：worthwhile/worthy ②清楚：clearly/ fully aware of 【点睛】[高分句型1] After watering the vegetables, they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana’s instruction if necessary. (运用了动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] But they clearly knew that it’s worthwhile to wait for the inviting results. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $