Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 现在分词作定语和表语（单元核心语法精练）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 核心语法精练（现在分词做定语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 现在分词作定语 1．位置：单个动词-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；动词-ing形式短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。 2．形式：动词-ing形式作定语(以do为例)有doing、形容词化的doing和being done三种形式。具体用法如下： (1)doing作定语 ①doing作定语，do与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示正在进行的或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的主动动作。例如： boiling water开水 a developing country一个发展中国家 ②doing作定语，还可表示被修饰词的用途或属性，常在句中作前置定语。例如： a walking stick(＝a stick for walking)拐棍 a reading room(＝a room for reading)阅览室 (2)形容词化的doing形式作定语，相当于形容词，表示中心词的性质，意为“令人……的”；形容词化的done形式作定语，常表示“感到……的”。试比较： a puzzling question令人困惑的问题 a puzzled expression困惑的表情 名师点津 1．表示感情的动词-ing形式作定语时，表示“令人……的”，此类动词-ed形式作定语时，表示“感到……的”。 2．动词-ing形式作定语如果与被修饰的词之间是被动关系，且强调动作正在进行就用动词-ing形式的被动式，即being done的形式。 现在分词（动词-ing形式）作表语 1．动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于名词，用于说明主语的内容，即主语等同于表语，两者可互换。 My favorite sport is swimming while my sister’s is playing tennis. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳，而我姐姐最喜欢的运动是打网球。 My full-time job is teaching English, which means I make a living by teaching. 我的全职工作是教英语，这意味着我以教书为生。 2．动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于形容词，用于说明主语的特征，意为“令人……的”；动词-ed形式作表语有时相当于形容词，表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”。 The news was so exciting that we were excited at the news. 这个消息太令人兴奋了，我们听到这个消息都很兴奋。 They are satisfied with their present job. 他们对现在的工作很满意。 一、单句语法填空 1．He remained (stand) beside the table. 2．The plot of the drama was so (absorb) that the girl was attracted by it. 3． (sit) in the armchair is an old man in his eighties. 4．The park is open to people of all ages, (range) from young children to the elderly. 5．The coins (date) from the year 275AD to 221BC were dug up on the island. 6．It is surprising that there are still many people in the world     (starve) to death each year; that is, many people die for lack of food. 7．The ancient temple (date) back to the Tang Dynasty has witnessed the rise and fall of the city for over a thousand years. 8．The bridge (measure) 300 meters long is remarkably impressive. 9．The man (talk) to our teacher is the new school headmaster. 10．I like the book (describe) the history of ancient China. 11．The girl (sing) on the stage is my cousin. 12．Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway (connect) Cusco to Lake Titicaca. 13． (weigh) over a ton, black rhinos are unexpectedly alert and have an unpredictable nature. 14．The notes (refer) to the main text are very helpful. 15．A man (wear) a black hat is waiting for you at the gate. 16．The students (discuss) the problem are in Grade 10. 17．The (occupy) forces set up a new government. 18．The organization, (provide) educational resources to rural schools, has helped thousands of students. 19．There are so many articles (tell) us stories about great scientists. 20．She pointed to the painting (belong to) the 19th century artist on the wall. 21．Scientific knowledge is an (enable) power to do either good or bad. 22．In the heavy­stricken area, the (drink) water was in great need. 23．The soldier often helped those (suffer) great damage in the earthquake. 24．The student (carry) out an experiment is our monitor. 25．There are so many people (show) interest in surfing the Internet. 26．During the operation, she sat in the (wait) room for over an hour worrying about him. 27．Today I’ve been photographing a crocodile (swim) close to our boat. 28．A medical team (consist) of 3 doctors and 6 nurses was rushed to the accident spot. 29．These regions have each developed their own characteristics (base) on traditional kite-making craftsmanship (手艺). 30．There are more Native Americans (live) in California than in any other state. 二、完成句子 31．那个正在和老师交谈的男人是我们的新校长。 The man our teacher is our new headmaster. 32．There is a reward for information the missing diamonds. 能为找回丢失的钻石提供线索者可获奖赏。 33．任何在考试中作弊的人都要受惩罚。 Anyone will be punished. 34．讲德语的那位男士是彼得的父亲。 The man is Peter's father. 35．Our life is becoming better and better . 我们的生活变得越来越好，而在一些国家仍然有一些人遭受饥饿。 36．It vividly illustrated a dragon . 它生动地描绘了一条在玩球的龙。 37．The development of our aviation industry is 我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。 38．在一个新国家定居的难民们面临许多问题。 Refugees suffer from a number of problems. 39． showed us that an earthquake was coming. 摇晃的建筑物表明地震即将来临。 40．中国武术的历史可以追溯到 4000 多年前。 Chinese martial arts have a history over 4,000 years. 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·甘肃白银·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Harvest Festival is a traditional event celebrating the successful gathering of the year’s crops and expressing thanks to those 1 (work) hard. It is a time for feasting, celebrating and giving thanks. Usually people are encouraged to donate home-grown produce to those in need. It is also a time for honoring those 2 grow and gather crops. Harvest festivals are celebrated at different times around the world because the differences in location, climates and the types of food 3 (grow) all have an impact on when crops are ready to be harvested. In the UK, the Harvest Festival occurs on 4 Sunday nearest to the appearance of the harvest moon, which is normally from the end of September 5 the beginning of November. The Harvest Festival is usually a time 6 (share) locally-grown produce with those in need and celebrate with a big feast. 7 (typical), churches are decorated with fruits and vegetables, which are then donated to charity. Other 8 (faith) and cultures also have their own unique ways to celebrate a successful harvest. In the USA, the Harvest Festival 9 (adapt) into the holiday of Thanksgiving so far, which is a 10 (nation) holiday that happens in November every year. （24-25高一下·江西宜春·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Whittlesea Straw (稻草) Bear festival, a traditional event in Cambridgeshire town’s calendar, returned to the town on January 11. Despite the cold weather, many people 1 (gather) to watch the parade, with dancers and musicians accompanying the Straw Bear and 2 (it) keepers through the streets. The Straw Bear was paraded alongside the Bourne Borders dance troupe (剧团), a Morris dancing group 3 (know) for wearing bright yellow and green outfits, green face paint, 4 colourful flowery hats. 5 tradition of parading the Straw Bear through the village is believed to have started in the 1880s, but the exact date remains unclear. 6 (undoubted), the parade of the straw bear was a way to honour the agricultural communities. According to organisers, it was customary 7 a man to dress in straw and be named the Straw Bear. But in 1909, the local police stopped the festival, saying Straw Bears were a form of begging. Luckily, the Whittlesea Society was resourceful enough 8 (bring) it back in 1980. Now, over 250 dancers and musicians join the annual parade. They perform traditional dances for the crowds 9 come to see the Straw Bear. The festival will come to an end on Sunday with the burning of an effigy (塑像)of the Straw Bear, 10 (make) way for a new bear to be built for next year’s harvest. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一上·甘肃酒泉·期末）Every year in April, Thailand celebrates Songkran. The festival marks the start of the traditional Thai New Year and is well-known for its lively water fights, attracting tourists from all over the world. Why is Songkran Celebrated in April? Songkran is Thailand’s most important annual festival. It is traditionally celebrated for three days starting from the first full moon in April. This is because the country runs on the lunisolar Theravada Buddhist calendar. The name Songkran comes from an ancient Sanskrit word meaning “to enter” or “to pass into”. These days, the festival has a set start date of 13 April. Why Do People Have Water Fights? Water plays a key role in Songkran. Traditionally, the first day begins with cleaning homes and pouring (倾倒) water on Buddha images in temples. This act symbolizes washing away the past year’s bad luck to welcome the New Year. On the second day, young people show respect (敬意) to their elders by pouring water over their hands and feet in return for blessings (祝福) . Over time, these traditional water-related customs have turned into huge water fights in the streets, loud music and street parties. Best Places to Enjoy Songkran Bangkok is the best city for Songkran fun. Khaosan Road has wild street parties and crowded water fights. Music lovers can join the Siam Songkran Music Festival or the S2O Music Festival for water-themed concerts. To see the more traditional side of the festival, head to riverside temples such as Wat Pho and Wat Arun, catch cultural performances in Lumphini Park, or head north to the city of Chiang Mai. 1．What is Songkran famous for? A．Foreign tourists. B．Lively water fights. C．The set start date. D．The classical concert. 2．Why do young people pour water on the hands of elders? A．To ask them to enjoy music. B．To cool down their hands. C．To mark the start of summer. D．To pay respect to elders. 3．Where should visitors go to enjoy wild street parties? A．Wat Arun. B．Wat Pho. C．Khaosan Road. D．Lumphini Park. （25-26高一上·河南南阳·期中）Remember when holidays were about family, not media photos? There’s a growing sense that the soul of our celebrations is shifting. The warmth of tradition seems to be giving way to the glow of smartphone screens and the pressure of perfect planning. It’s hard to ignore the commercial (商业) machine that kicks off months before a holiday. We’re bombarded with messages telling us that the best way to show love is through expensive gifts. This shopping rush can sometimes take away the true joy out of the occasion, leaving us with little more than debt and a pile of wrapping paper, wondering what truly matters. Then there’s the social media effect. What used to be a private, heartfelt gathering is now a public performance. The pressure to present a perfect, “Instagrammable” celebration is real. We end up showing off our happiness for an online audience, sometimes forgetting to actually experience it. That perfect photo of the family dinner? It might have taken an hour to stage, by which time the food is cold and everyone is annoyed, missing the genuine laughter. Yet, it’s not all bad news. This modern approach has its benefits. We now have the freedom to create our own, more personal traditions that reflect who we are today. For friends and family members scattered across the globe, a video call can bridge the distance, bringing a different kind of closeness that our grandparents never knew. So, where does this leave us? The heart of a true celebration isn’t found in a store or in the number of likes a post receives. It’s in the messy, real, and unplanned moments of connection. Perhaps the challenge is to put our phones down, turn off the ads, and simply be present with the people we care about. That’s a tradition worth reviving for our well-being. 1．Why does the author criticize modern celebrations? A．They push people to buy the latest smartphones. B．They completely ignore all traditional family activities. C．They prevent people from having sincere communication. D．They focus too much on commercial values and public image. 2．How does modern technology benefit distant family? A．By allowing online performance of perfect lives. B．By enabling new forms of real-time connection. C．By inspiring them to show lives on social media. D．By providing more topics for social media posts. 3．Which can best describe the structure of the passage? A．Problem-Cause-Effect. B．Event-Description-Result. C．Topic-Analysis-Conclusion. D．Question-Argument-Solution. 4．What could be the best title for the passage? A．The Complete Guide to Modern Holiday Planning. B．Lost and Found: The Changing Nature of Celebration. C．The Battle Between Traditional and Modern Holidays. D．The Digital Shift: How Media Reshapes Celebration Joy. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 核心语法精练（现在分词做定语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 现在分词作定语 1．位置：单个动词-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；动词-ing形式短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。 2．形式：动词-ing形式作定语(以do为例)有doing、形容词化的doing和being done三种形式。具体用法如下： (1)doing作定语 ①doing作定语，do与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示正在进行的或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的主动动作。例如： boiling water开水 a developing country一个发展中国家 ②doing作定语，还可表示被修饰词的用途或属性，常在句中作前置定语。例如： a walking stick(＝a stick for walking)拐棍 a reading room(＝a room for reading)阅览室 (2)形容词化的doing形式作定语，相当于形容词，表示中心词的性质，意为“令人……的”；形容词化的done形式作定语，常表示“感到……的”。试比较： a puzzling question令人困惑的问题 a puzzled expression困惑的表情 名师点津 1．表示感情的动词-ing形式作定语时，表示“令人……的”，此类动词-ed形式作定语时，表示“感到……的”。 2．动词-ing形式作定语如果与被修饰的词之间是被动关系，且强调动作正在进行就用动词-ing形式的被动式，即being done的形式。 现在分词（动词-ing形式）作表语 1．动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于名词，用于说明主语的内容，即主语等同于表语，两者可互换。 My favorite sport is swimming while my sister’s is playing tennis. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳，而我姐姐最喜欢的运动是打网球。 My full-time job is teaching English, which means I make a living by teaching. 我的全职工作是教英语，这意味着我以教书为生。 2．动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于形容词，用于说明主语的特征，意为“令人……的”；动词-ed形式作表语有时相当于形容词，表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”。 The news was so exciting that we were excited at the news. 这个消息太令人兴奋了，我们听到这个消息都很兴奋。 They are satisfied with their present job. 他们对现在的工作很满意。 一、单句语法填空 1．He remained (stand) beside the table. 【答案】standing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他仍然站在桌子旁边。根据固定搭配remain doing“保持；依然”，可知，此处用现在分词作表语，故填standing。 2．The plot of the drama was so (absorb) that the girl was attracted by it. 【答案】absorbing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这出戏的情节如此吸引人，女孩被它吸引住了。分析句子结构，此处用非谓语动词形式。修饰前面主语，指物用动词现在分词形式，相当于形容词作表语，absorbing吸引人的，符合题意。故填absorbing。 3． (sit) in the armchair is an old man in his eighties. 【答案】Sitting 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：坐在扶手椅上的是一位八十多岁的老人。分析句子的结构可知，此处是倒装句，结构为“现在分词短语+be+主语”。故填Sitting。 4．The park is open to people of all ages, (range) from young children to the elderly. 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个公园对所有年龄段的人开放，从小孩到老人。句子已有谓语动词is open，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词people，range与其逻辑主语people为主动关系，需填现在分词形式。故填ranging。 5．The coins (date) from the year 275AD to 221BC were dug up on the island. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这批可追溯至公元275年至公元前221年的钱币，是在这座岛上被发掘出来的。句中已有谓语动词were dug up，空处应用非谓语动词，date from“追溯到”没有被动语态，因此用现在分词，作后置定语。故填dating。 6．It is surprising that there are still many people in the world     (starve) to death each year; that is, many people die for lack of food. 【答案】starving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：令人惊讶的是，世界上每年仍有许多人饿死；也就是说，很多人死于缺乏食物。从句中已有谓语are，此空应是非谓语形式。people与starve是主谓关系，此空应是现在分词starving，作后置定语。故填starving。 7．The ancient temple (date) back to the Tang Dynasty has witnessed the rise and fall of the city for over a thousand years. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座始建于唐代的古寺，一千多年来见证了这座城市的兴衰变迁。句中已有谓语动词has witnessed，空处应用非谓语动词，date back to“追溯到”没有被动语态，故此处用现在分词dating，作后置定语。故填dating。 8．The bridge (measure) 300 meters long is remarkably impressive. 【答案】measuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座桥全长300米，其规模令人赞叹不已。此处bridge与measure构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填measuring。 9．The man (talk) to our teacher is the new school headmaster. 【答案】talking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在和我们老师交谈的那个男士是学校的新校长。句中已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语；The man与talk是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式talking。故填talking。 10．I like the book (describe) the history of ancient China. 【答案】describing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢这本描述中国古代历史的书。本句已有谓语动词like，所以describe“描述”应用非谓语形式，逻辑主语the book与describe之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式describing，作后置定语，修饰the book。故填describing。 11．The girl (sing) on the stage is my cousin. 【答案】singing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在舞台上唱歌的那个女孩是我的表妹。句中已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语；The girl与sing是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式singing。故填singing。 12．Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway (connect) Cusco to Lake Titicaca. 【答案】connecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你花一天时间驱车沿着这条连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新建公路行驶时，尽情欣赏美丽的乡村风光吧。设空处位于as引导的时间状语从句中，从句中已有谓语动词spend，其与所给动词“connect(连接)”之间无连词，故connect需用非谓语形式；connect与其逻辑主语“highway(公路)”之间是主动关系，此处应用现在分词作后置定语修饰highway。故填connecting。 13． (weigh) over a ton, black rhinos are unexpectedly alert and have an unpredictable nature. 【答案】Weighing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：体重超过一吨的黑犀牛却异常警觉，而且性情难以捉摸。此处weigh与black rhinos构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。首字母大写。故填Weighing。 14．The notes (refer) to the main text are very helpful. 【答案】referring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：正文的注释很有帮助。动词短语refer to sth在此处意为“涉及，适用于……；描述”在句中作后置定语，修饰名词notes，与所修饰名词为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式，refer的现在分词应双写r加ing。故填referring。 15．A man (wear) a black hat is waiting for you at the gate. 【答案】wearing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个戴着黑帽子的男人正在门口等你。分析句子结构可知，空格处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词A man。wear与逻辑主语A man之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式wearing。故填wearing。 16．The students (discuss) the problem are in Grade 10. 【答案】discussing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在讨论这个问题的学生是10年级的。本句已有谓语are，动词discuss“讨论”用非谓语形式，逻辑主语students与动词discuss是主谓关系，用现在分词discussing，作后置定语，修饰名词students。故填discussing。 17．The (occupy) forces set up a new government. 【答案】occupying 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：占领军建立了一个新政府。所给词occupy是动词，意为“占领”。此空需修饰名词forces (军队)，应用occupy的现在分词形式occupying作定语，表示“正在占领的、占领的”，forces与occupy是主谓关系。occupying forces也是固定搭配，意为“占领军”。故填occupying。 18．The organization, (provide) educational resources to rural schools, has helped thousands of students. 【答案】providing 【详解】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：这个为乡村学校提供教育资源的组织，已经帮助了成千上万的学生。句子主干是The organization has helped thousands of students，主谓宾结构。所给词 provide意为“提供”，与organization是主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式providing。providing educational resources to rural schools是现在分词短语作后置定语修饰The organization。故填providing。 19．There are so many articles (tell) us stories about great scientists. 【答案】telling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多文章都在讲述那些伟大科学家的故事。此处tell与articles构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填telling。 20．She pointed to the painting (belong to) the 19th century artist on the wall. 【答案】belonging to 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她指着墙上那幅属于19世纪艺术家的画。此处belong to与painting构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填belonging to。 21．Scientific knowledge is an (enable) power to do either good or bad. 【答案】enabling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学知识是一种能够行善或作恶的力量。此处是非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词power，二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填enabling。 22．In the heavy­stricken area, the (drink) water was in great need. 【答案】drinking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在重灾区，饮用水非常短缺。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，修饰名词water，用现在分词，作定语，译为“供饮用的”。故填drinking。 23．The soldier often helped those (suffer) great damage in the earthquake. 【答案】suffering 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这位士兵经常帮助那些在地震中遭受巨大损失的人。空处需要非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的代词those，those指代“那些人”，和该动词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填suffering。 24．The student (carry) out an experiment is our monitor. 【答案】carrying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。根据句中已有谓语动词is可知，空处应用非谓语动词，修饰名词student，student与carry out之间为主动关系，应用现在分词“carrying”作后置定语。故填carrying。 25．There are so many people (show) interest in surfing the Internet. 【答案】showing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多人对上网感兴趣。此处作定语，修饰名词many people，many people与show之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作后置定语，故填showing。 26．During the operation, she sat in the (wait) room for over an hour worrying about him. 【答案】waiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：手术期间，她在候诊室里坐了一个多小时，为他担心。空处作定语，强调room的用途，故用wait的动名词形式作定语，故填waiting。 27．Today I’ve been photographing a crocodile (swim) close to our boat. 【答案】swimming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天我一直在拍摄一条靠近我们船的鳄鱼。此处swim与crocodile构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填swimming。 28．A medical team (consist) of 3 doctors and 6 nurses was rushed to the accident spot. 【答案】consisting 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：一个由3名医生和6名护士组成的医疗小组被紧急派往事故现场。本句的主语是A medical team，谓语动词是was rushed。设空处应填非谓语动词。consist of意为“由……组成”，与逻辑主语team之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。 29．These regions have each developed their own characteristics (base) on traditional kite-making craftsmanship (手艺). 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些地区都在传统风筝制作工艺的基础上发展出了自己的特色。本句谓语为have developed，此处为非谓语动词，且characteristics与base... on“以……为根据”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填based。 30．There are more Native Americans (live) in California than in any other state. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：居住在加利福尼亚州的美洲土著居民比其他任何一个州都多。分析句子可知，空处作Native Americans的后置定语，是非谓语动词，live“居住”和Native Americans逻辑上是主动关系，应用live的现在分词形式。故填living。 二、完成句子 31．那个正在和老师交谈的男人是我们的新校长。 The man our teacher is our new headmaster. 【答案】 talking to 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“正在和……交谈”，应用固定短语talk to，且空处作非谓语动词，The man和talk to为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填①talking；② to。 32．There is a reward for information the missing diamonds. 能为找回丢失的钻石提供线索者可获奖赏。 【答案】leading to the recovery of 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“为……提供线索”应用lead to，此处作后置定语，修饰名词information，lead to和information为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式；表示“找回”应用the recovery of。故填leading to the recovery of。 33．任何在考试中作弊的人都要受惩罚。 Anyone will be punished. 【答案】cheating in the exams 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据所给句意可知，表示“考试作弊”可用短语cheat in the exams；再分析句式结构可知，空格处可用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰主语Anyone，又因为cheat和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填cheating in the exams。 34．讲德语的那位男士是彼得的父亲。 The man is Peter's father. 【答案】speaking German 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：讲德语的那位男士是彼得的父亲。原句中“讲德语的”是定语，修饰“那位男士”，可转换为现在分词短语作定语，“讲德语”表达为“speak German”，speak与The man之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式speaking German，故填speaking German。 35．Our life is becoming better and better . 我们的生活变得越来越好，而在一些国家仍然有一些人遭受饥饿。 【答案】while in some countries there are still some people suffering from hunger 【详解】考查连词和非谓语动词。句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，“而”表示对比，使用连词while，“在一些国家”使用介词短语in some countries，“有”使用there be句型，“仍然”使用副词still，“一些人”译为some people，“遭受饥饿”使用动词短语suffer from hunger，和people之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作定语，故填while in some countries there are still some people suffering from hunger。 36．It vividly illustrated a dragon . 它生动地描绘了一条在玩球的龙。 【答案】playing with a ball 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。“玩球”表达为play with a ball，本句谓语为illustrated，此处为非谓语动词，由于a dragon和play with a ball之间是主动关系，且动作正在进行，所以应用现在分词形式，作后置定语，修饰dragon。故填playing with a ball。 37．The development of our aviation industry is 我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。 【答案】quite encouraging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。现在分词作定语或表语时，一般修饰物；过去分词则一般修饰人。根据主语“The development of our aviation industry”及中文提示“令人鼓舞的”可知用 encouraging。前用副词quite修饰。故填quite encouraging。 38．在一个新国家定居的难民们面临许多问题。 Refugees suffer from a number of problems. 【答案】settling in a new country 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示 “在……定居”应用动词短语settle in，由空后的suffer from a number of problems知此处应填非谓语动词的形式，settle in与主语Refugees之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作后置定语，表示“一个新的国家”应用 a new country，作宾语。故答案为settling in a new country。 39． showed us that an earthquake was coming. 摇晃的建筑物表明地震即将来临。 【答案】The shaking buildings 【详解】考查名词短语。谓语动词前缺少主语，根据汉语提示“摇晃的建筑物”可知，是shaking buildings，用复数形式表示泛指，用现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行，表示特指用定冠词the，位于句首首字母大写。故填The shaking buildings。 40．中国武术的历史可以追溯到 4000 多年前。 Chinese martial arts have a history over 4,000 years. 【答案】going / dating back 【详解】考查现在分词。“追溯到”为go /date back与history为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填going / dating back。 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·甘肃白银·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Harvest Festival is a traditional event celebrating the successful gathering of the year’s crops and expressing thanks to those 1 (work) hard. It is a time for feasting, celebrating and giving thanks. Usually people are encouraged to donate home-grown produce to those in need. It is also a time for honoring those 2 grow and gather crops. Harvest festivals are celebrated at different times around the world because the differences in location, climates and the types of food 3 (grow) all have an impact on when crops are ready to be harvested. In the UK, the Harvest Festival occurs on 4 Sunday nearest to the appearance of the harvest moon, which is normally from the end of September 5 the beginning of November. The Harvest Festival is usually a time 6 (share) locally-grown produce with those in need and celebrate with a big feast. 7 (typical), churches are decorated with fruits and vegetables, which are then donated to charity. Other 8 (faith) and cultures also have their own unique ways to celebrate a successful harvest. In the USA, the Harvest Festival 9 (adapt) into the holiday of Thanksgiving so far, which is a 10 (nation) holiday that happens in November every year. 【答案】 1．working 2．who/that 3．grown 4．the 5．to 6．to share 7．Typically 8．faiths 9．has been adapted 10．national 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了不同国家对丰收节的庆祝。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：丰收节是一个传统的节日，庆祝一年的庄稼丰收，并对辛勤劳动的人们表示感谢。work和those之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填working。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这也是向那些种植和收割庄稼的人致敬的日子。空处引导定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应填关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各地在不同的时间庆祝丰收节，因为地点、气候和种植的食物类型的差异都会影响作物的收获时间。because引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词是have，空格处填入非谓语动词，grow和food之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填grown。 4．考查冠词。句意：在英国，丰收节是在离满月最近的星期天，通常是从9月底到11月初。根据“nearest to the appearance of the harvest moon”可知，Sunday表示特指，前面用定冠词修饰，故填the。 5．考查介词。句意：同上。from…to…意为“从……到……”，固定短语，故填to。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：丰收节通常是与有需要的人分享当地种植的农产品，并举行一场盛大的宴会来庆祝的时候。此处使用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰time，故填to share。 7．考查副词。句意：通常，教堂用水果和蔬菜装饰，然后捐赠给慈善机构。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应填副词形式，首字母应大写，故填Typically。 8．考查名词复数。句意：其他信仰和文化也有自己独特的方式来庆祝丰收。Other后接名词复数形式，故此处使用名词复数形式faiths，和cultures并列作主语，故填faiths。 9．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在美国，到目前为止，丰收节已经被改编成感恩节，这是一个全国性的节日，在每年的11月。主语the Harvest Festival和adapt之间是被动关系，结合so far可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，助动词使用has，故填has been adapted。 10．考查形容词。句意：同上。空处修饰名词holiday，应填形容词national“全国性的”作定语，故填national。 （24-25高一下·江西宜春·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Whittlesea Straw (稻草) Bear festival, a traditional event in Cambridgeshire town’s calendar, returned to the town on January 11. Despite the cold weather, many people 1 (gather) to watch the parade, with dancers and musicians accompanying the Straw Bear and 2 (it) keepers through the streets. The Straw Bear was paraded alongside the Bourne Borders dance troupe (剧团), a Morris dancing group 3 (know) for wearing bright yellow and green outfits, green face paint, 4 colourful flowery hats. 5 tradition of parading the Straw Bear through the village is believed to have started in the 1880s, but the exact date remains unclear. 6 (undoubted), the parade of the straw bear was a way to honour the agricultural communities. According to organisers, it was customary 7 a man to dress in straw and be named the Straw Bear. But in 1909, the local police stopped the festival, saying Straw Bears were a form of begging. Luckily, the Whittlesea Society was resourceful enough 8 (bring) it back in 1980. Now, over 250 dancers and musicians join the annual parade. They perform traditional dances for the crowds 9 come to see the Straw Bear. The festival will come to an end on Sunday with the burning of an effigy (塑像)of the Straw Bear, 10 (make) way for a new bear to be built for next year’s harvest. 【答案】 1．gathered 2．its 3．known 4．and 5．The 6．Undoubtedly 7．for 8．to bring 9．who/that 10．making 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国剑桥郡惠特尔西镇（Whittlesea）的传统节日——惠特尔西稻草熊节（Whittlesea Straw Bear festival）的历史、庆祝活动以及复兴过程。 1．考查动词时态。句意：尽管天气寒冷，许多人还是聚集在一起观看游行，舞者和音乐家陪伴着稻草熊和它的饲养员穿过街道。根据上下文语境，尤其是空前时间状语on January 11可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，故此处谓语动词填所给动词的过去式。故填gathered。 2．考查代词。句意：尽管天气寒冷，许多人还是聚集在一起观看游行，舞者和音乐家陪伴着稻草熊和它的饲养员穿过街道。从结构上讲，该词需充当后面的名词keepers的限定成分；从意义上说，该词指称的是前面的the Straw Bear。因此，应将代词it变为属格形式，即形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：草熊与伯恩边界舞蹈团（Bourne Borders）一起游行。伯恩边界舞蹈团是莫里斯的一个舞蹈团，以穿着亮黄色和绿色的服装、涂着绿色的脸和戴着五颜六色的花帽子而闻名。分析句子成分可知，此处填非谓语动词;结合句意可知，此处填过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词a Morris dancing group，表示“以……著称的舞蹈剧团”。 故填known。 4．考查连词。句意：草熊与伯恩边界舞蹈团（Bourne Borders）一起游行。伯恩边界舞蹈团是莫里斯的一个舞蹈团，以穿着亮黄色和绿色的服装、涂着绿色的脸和戴着五颜六色的花帽子而闻名。分析该空前后名词短语可知，此处填连词and，表示并列关系。故填and。 5．考查冠词。句意：人们认为，在村子里游行稻草熊的传统始于19世纪80年代，但确切的日期尚不清楚。根据第一段关于该节日活动的介绍和空后限定成分of parading the Straw Bear through the village可知，此处填定冠词the，表示特指。故填The。 6．考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，稻草熊的游行是对农业社区的一种尊重。此处填入的单词与句子的主干结构之间有逗号分隔，说明它的句法功能应该是全句的状语。所以，此处需要将undoubted变成副词形式undoubtedly。故填Undoubtedly。 7．考查介词。句意：据组织者介绍，按照惯例，男子要穿着稻草衣服，并被命名为“稻草熊”。“it+ be+ adj.+ for sb. to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”。故填for。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，惠特尔西协会足智多谋，在1980年把它带了回来。“be+ adj.+ enough+ to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“足够……去做某事”，故此处填动词不定式to bring作结果状语。故填to bring。 9．考查定语从句。句意：他们为前来观看稻草熊的人群表演传统舞蹈。分析句子结构可知，该空引导一个限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语；先行词为the crowds，指人，故此处填关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日将在周日结束，届时稻草熊的雕像将被焚烧，为明年的收获创造一个新的熊。分析句子成分可知，此处填非谓语动词;动词make与前面内容是主动关系，故此处填现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填making。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一上·甘肃酒泉·期末）Every year in April, Thailand celebrates Songkran. The festival marks the start of the traditional Thai New Year and is well-known for its lively water fights, attracting tourists from all over the world. Why is Songkran Celebrated in April? Songkran is Thailand’s most important annual festival. It is traditionally celebrated for three days starting from the first full moon in April. This is because the country runs on the lunisolar Theravada Buddhist calendar. The name Songkran comes from an ancient Sanskrit word meaning “to enter” or “to pass into”. These days, the festival has a set start date of 13 April. Why Do People Have Water Fights? Water plays a key role in Songkran. Traditionally, the first day begins with cleaning homes and pouring (倾倒) water on Buddha images in temples. This act symbolizes washing away the past year’s bad luck to welcome the New Year. On the second day, young people show respect (敬意) to their elders by pouring water over their hands and feet in return for blessings (祝福) . Over time, these traditional water-related customs have turned into huge water fights in the streets, loud music and street parties. Best Places to Enjoy Songkran Bangkok is the best city for Songkran fun. Khaosan Road has wild street parties and crowded water fights. Music lovers can join the Siam Songkran Music Festival or the S2O Music Festival for water-themed concerts. To see the more traditional side of the festival, head to riverside temples such as Wat Pho and Wat Arun, catch cultural performances in Lumphini Park, or head north to the city of Chiang Mai. 1．What is Songkran famous for? A．Foreign tourists. B．Lively water fights. C．The set start date. D．The classical concert. 2．Why do young people pour water on the hands of elders? A．To ask them to enjoy music. B．To cool down their hands. C．To mark the start of summer. D．To pay respect to elders. 3．Where should visitors go to enjoy wild street parties? A．Wat Arun. B．Wat Pho. C．Khaosan Road. D．Lumphini Park. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍泰国宋干节的时间、泼水习俗的由来以及最佳体验地点。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The festival marks the start of the traditional Thai New Year and is well-known for its lively water fights, attracting tourists from all over the world. (这个节日标志着泰国传统新年的开始，以热闹的泼水大战而闻名，吸引着来自世界各地的游客。)”可知，宋干节因热闹的泼水大战而出名。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“On the second day, young people show respect (敬意) to their elders by pouring water over their hands and feet in return for blessings (祝福) . (第二天，年轻人会往长辈的手脚上泼水，以此表达对长辈的敬意，同时换取长辈的祝福。)”可知，年轻人向长辈的手上泼水是为了表达对长辈的敬意。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Bangkok is the best city for Songkran fun. Khaosan Road has wild street parties and crowded water fights. (曼谷是体验宋干节乐趣的最佳城市。考山路有狂热的街头派对和热闹的泼水大战。)”可知，游客想要体验狂热的街头派对可以去考山路。故选C项。 （25-26高一上·河南南阳·期中）Remember when holidays were about family, not media photos? There’s a growing sense that the soul of our celebrations is shifting. The warmth of tradition seems to be giving way to the glow of smartphone screens and the pressure of perfect planning. It’s hard to ignore the commercial (商业) machine that kicks off months before a holiday. We’re bombarded with messages telling us that the best way to show love is through expensive gifts. This shopping rush can sometimes take away the true joy out of the occasion, leaving us with little more than debt and a pile of wrapping paper, wondering what truly matters. Then there’s the social media effect. What used to be a private, heartfelt gathering is now a public performance. The pressure to present a perfect, “Instagrammable” celebration is real. We end up showing off our happiness for an online audience, sometimes forgetting to actually experience it. That perfect photo of the family dinner? It might have taken an hour to stage, by which time the food is cold and everyone is annoyed, missing the genuine laughter. Yet, it’s not all bad news. This modern approach has its benefits. We now have the freedom to create our own, more personal traditions that reflect who we are today. For friends and family members scattered across the globe, a video call can bridge the distance, bringing a different kind of closeness that our grandparents never knew. So, where does this leave us? The heart of a true celebration isn’t found in a store or in the number of likes a post receives. It’s in the messy, real, and unplanned moments of connection. Perhaps the challenge is to put our phones down, turn off the ads, and simply be present with the people we care about. That’s a tradition worth reviving for our well-being. 1．Why does the author criticize modern celebrations? A．They push people to buy the latest smartphones. B．They completely ignore all traditional family activities. C．They prevent people from having sincere communication. D．They focus too much on commercial values and public image. 2．How does modern technology benefit distant family? A．By allowing online performance of perfect lives. B．By enabling new forms of real-time connection. C．By inspiring them to show lives on social media. D．By providing more topics for social media posts. 3．Which can best describe the structure of the passage? A．Problem-Cause-Effect. B．Event-Description-Result. C．Topic-Analysis-Conclusion. D．Question-Argument-Solution. 4．What could be the best title for the passage? A．The Complete Guide to Modern Holiday Planning. B．Lost and Found: The Changing Nature of Celebration. C．The Battle Between Traditional and Modern Holidays. D．The Digital Shift: How Media Reshapes Celebration Joy. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨现代节日庆祝方式的变化，分析商业影响与社交媒体带来的问题，同时肯定科技优势并给出回归本质的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的““It’s hard to ignore the commercial (商业) machine that kicks off months before a holiday. We’re bombarded with messages telling us that the best way to show love is through expensive gifts. This shopping rush can sometimes take away the true joy out of the occasion, leaving us with little more than debt and a pile of wrapping paper, wondering what truly matters.(节日到来前数月，商业宣传便已启动，这股力量让人难以忽视。我们被各种信息轮番轰炸，被告知表达爱意的最佳方式就是送昂贵的礼物。而这种购物热潮，有时会夺走节日真正的乐趣，留给我们的只有债务和一堆包装纸，不知道什么才是真正重要的) 和第三段中的“What used to be a private, heartfelt gathering is now a public performance. The pressure to present a perfect, “Instagrammable” celebration is real. We end up showing off our happiness for an online audience, sometimes forgetting to actually experience it.(过去那种私密又真挚的聚会，如今变成了一场公开表演。打造一场完美、“适合拍Instagram分享”的庆祝活动，这种压力真实存在。我们最终只是在向网络观众炫耀自己的幸福，有时甚至忘了去真正体验这份快乐)”可知，作者批评现代庆祝活动过于注重商业价值和公众形象。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For friends and family members scattered across the globe, a video call can bridge the distance, bringing a different kind of closeness that our grandparents never knew.(对于分散在世界各地的朋友和家人来说，视频通话可以弥合距离，带来一种我们的祖父母从未体验过的不同的亲密感)”可知，现代科技通过实时连接的新形式，让远方的家人受益。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。文章开头提出“节日庆祝本质在变化”的主题；中间两段分析商业影响和社交媒体带来的问题，第四段辩证提及科技的好处，属于分析部分；最后一段总结真正的庆祝核心在于真实的情感连接，并给出建议。整体结构为“主题—分析—结论”。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Remember when holidays were about family, not media photos? There’s a growing sense that the soul of our celebrations is shifting. The warmth of tradition seems to be giving way to the glow of smartphone screens and the pressure of perfect planning.(还记得吗？从前的节日是关于家人的，而不是社交媒体上的照片。人们越来越强烈地感觉到，我们庆祝活动的核心正在发生变化。传统的温馨似乎正被智能手机屏幕的光芒和完美规划的压力所取代)”以及下文可知，文章围绕现代节日庆祝方式的“迷失”（过度商业化、社交媒体表演化）与“找回”（回归情感连接、合理利用科技）展开，探讨其变化本质。“Lost and Found: The Changing Nature of Celebration(失与得：庆祝方式的变化本质)”为最佳标题。故选B项。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $