精品解析：福建省厦门市集美区厦门市第十中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

厦门市第十中学2025—2026学年(上)高二年12月份综合测试 英语试题 满分150分 考试时间120分钟 命题人：骆艳玲 审核人：汪萍萍 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Roommates. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife. 2. What is the man’s problem? A. He needs a ride. B. He wants a new job. C. He doesn’t have insurance now. 3. What are the speakers doing? A. Biking in the city. B. Hiking in the mountains. C. Driving in the countryside. 4. How much did the ice cream cost? A. $5. B. $9. C. $10. 5. Where does this conversation take place? A. At a laundry. B. At a restaurant. C. At a shopping mall. 第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the man think of the girl’s question? A. It isn’t important. B. It’s difficult to answer. C. It is easy to understand. 7. What does the man say about the ocean and the sky? A. They are related. B. They look exactly the same. C. They have nothing to do with each other. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why is the man at the university? A. He’s taking classes. B. He’s checking it out. C. He just graduated from there. 9. What do we know about the man? A. He is good at baseball. B. His grades are very high. C. The college wants him to play on its sports team. 10. What happened when the woman went to a game last time? A. She was hit by a ball. B. A player was sent to hospital. C. Her face got scratched by a fan. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What does the man suggest the woman do about her book? A. Call a publisher. B. Advertise it herself. C. Ask their teacher for advice. 12. How many pages does the woman’s book have? A. About 200. B. About 350. C. About 700. 13. What will the woman give the man to read? A. A digital copy. B. A printed copy. C. A handwritten copy. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. How do most people in the United States get their news? A. From TV. B. From the network. C. From the newspaper. 15 Which country has the largest group of newspaper readers? A. France. B. Italy. C. Japan. 16. How does the man sound? A. A little bored. B. Very interested. C. Quite indifferent. 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Types of news media. B. Types of news reporters. C. Types of news shows. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. When will the math exams be held this year? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 19. Who will give an introduction on Tuesday? A. An athlete. B. A headmaster. C. The P. E. teacher. 20. Why are parents reminded to arrive early to the concert? A. To find a place to park. B. To get a place to sit. C. To take pictures. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You probably know who Marie Curie is, but you may not hear of Ruzena Bajcsy. Of the brilliant ladies listed below, who is the greatest woman in your mind? Ruzena Bajcsy Bajcsy is an American scientist. She received praise from other scientists because of her research on robots with her students who were under the guidance of her teaching. And she received the 2009 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science for her creation in robots, especially in the development of improved robotic perception (认知) and in the creation of better methods to analyze medical images. Rachel Carson Rachel Carson is an author. At first, she majored in English at the Pennsylvania College for Women, but later she changed her major. Her popular book Silent Spring raised awareness of the danger of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Oprah Winfrey Born into poverty in rural Mississippi, Winfrey is a successful talk show hostess and one of the richest African Americans of the 20th century. She changed the modes of talk show by using a more honest way of media communication and adjusted her talk show with a focus on literature and self-improvement, which made her show become the highest-rated television program of its kind in history. Sheryl Sandberg Sheryl Sandberg is a great director of Facebook. In 2012, she was named in the Time 100, a list of the most powerful people in the world. She published her first book Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead in 2013. This book talks about business leadership and development, at the same time discusses the lack of women in government and business leadership positions. 1. What is Bajcsy most noted for? A. Her new book on robots. B. Her excellent teaching skills. C. Her contributions to technology. D. Her academic research on medicine. 2. Why was Oprah’s talk show so popular? A. Her respect for the poor touched the audience. B She presented her show in creative forms and contents. C. She talked about current events happening around the world. D. Her personal experiences encouraged people to live positively. 3. Sandberg’s first book is suitable for women who ________. A. are interested in social media B. are devoted to community work C want to achieve their career values D. desire to improve their writing skills B I am proud to be a member of two cultures. Even though I am only ten years old, I have lived in two countries and in two cultures. I have lived in both Mexico and the United States. I was born in the state of Michoacán. I was born in a small town called Quinceo. Life there was simple and peaceful. There was a small market where we would go on Sundays. There was a corral where we would go and watch rodeos. After school, my friends and I would go for a swim in a creek. My mom did not work; she stayed at home taking care of our family. Life in Quinceo was nice, but money was sometimes not enough to support us. In 1996, the day came when my dad decided to bring us to the United States. Leaving my town was hard, but it was important that my family stay together. When I left Mexico, I had a lot of special friends and nice teachers. When I first came to the United States, I started at a new school in Chicago. I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher. She helped me all the time. My education now is different from the one in Mexico. Here, I am studying in two languages. I feel very happy because I am able to communicate in two languages. In my case, speaking Spanish is an indication of my Mexican heritage. Speaking English is a symbol of my triumph and the struggles that I have as an immigrant in this country. Now that I have been here three years, I am proud to offer my help and support to people who need it. I urge those who come from Mexico and other countries to learn English and to continue speaking their native language, too. It will help them reach out to others. 4. What does the writer think of Mexico? A. She doesn’t like it because it’s poor. B. She was too young to remember it. C. She loves the country and is proud of it. D. She wants to get rid of it so she left. 5. Why did the family move to the US? A. Because they were in need of more money. B. Because the mother found no peace in Quinceo. C. Because they wanted to experience a new culture. D. Because the author could have new friends. 6. Which of the following statements about the author is WRONG? A. She wants to be a teacher and support people. B. She enjoyed company of friends at the new school. C. She enjoyed life in Mexico and also in the USA. D. Her new school teaches in English and Mexican. 7. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A. explain how the author learns English well as a teen B. help people to understand American immigrants better C. introduce the life in her hometown Quinceo in Mexico D. persuade immigrants not to drop their mother tongue C Scientists from China have created a truly remarkable robot hand! Named the “F-TAC Hand”, it was developed by researchers from Peking University and the Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence, and their exciting work was just published in the famous science journal Nature Machine Intelligence on June 9th, 2025. What makes this robotic hand so special? It can feel and adjust its grip just like a human hand can. Imagine trying to pick up a ping-pong ball with just your little finger, or holding both a baseball and a golf ball in one hand without dropping them. The F-TAC Hand can do these things! If it picks up a cup full of water, it automatically adjusts its hold to keep the cup steady and prevent spills — reacting faster than you can blink. The secret lies in its amazing touch sensors. Covering 70% of the hand’s surface, these tiny sensors — packed as densely (密集地) as 10,000 per square centimeter — let the hand feel textures, pressure, and any tiny movement of the object it’s holding. Crucially, these sensors are built right into the hand’s structure, so they don’t make the hand stiff or clumsy. A smart computer program uses this constant touch feedback to instantly decide the best way to grip different objects, just like our brains tell our hands what to do. Beyond its amazing ability to mimic human touch, the F-TAC Hand also brings practical solutions to real-world problems in robotics. It’s inspired by how our own hands and nerves work. The F-TAC Hand isn’t just cool science; it has real uses. It could lead to much better prosthetic limbs, help robots perform delicate surgery, work safely in dangerous places like nuclear plants, or handle complex jobs in factories. Made possible partly by China’s powerful “Peng Cheng Cloud Brain Ⅱ”, this “hand of touch intelligence” is a big step forward for China in robotics and AI. Experts believe it brings us closer to robots that can truly understand and interact with the physical world around them. The future of robots just got a lot more skillful! 8. What is TRUE about the F-TAC Hand when grasping objects? A. It can adjust its grip to prevent spills from a full cup of water. B. It must use the entire hand to pick up a ping-pong ball. C. It reacts more slowly than a human blink when picking up items. D. It cannot grasp objects of different sizes at the same time. 9. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. Each sensor covers an area of 10,000 square centimeters. B. The sensors are integrated into the hand’s structure to keep it stiff. C. The AI program makes decisions delayed based on touch feedback. D. The AI program uses real-time touch feedback to control the grip. 10. What does the underlined phrase “mimic” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Imitate. B. Replace. C. Simplify. D. Enhance. 11. What is the main purpose of the author in writing this passage? A. To introduce the development history of robotic hands. B. To compare the F-TAC Hand with other robotic hands. C. To criticize the limitations of previous robotic hands. D. To highlight the features and applications of the F-TAC Hand. D Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles. But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology. One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. One of the companies is ecoRobotix of SwitzerLand. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. The robot has four wheels to carry it through the fields in search of weeds. Computer-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide(除草剂). Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun. It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles. A farmer can also control the equipment through a smart-phone. The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurelien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times 1ess herbicide than traditional methods. This is because the system uses exactly the right amount of chemical in the exact place required to kill the weeds. Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants. Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology. The company has a system called "See & Spray", which it claims was the world's first smart sprayer. The system-which connects to the back of a tractor-is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow. Ben Chostner, vice-president of business development for Blue River Technology, explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw a pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it-by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed-and now it's an expert in pigweed. " 12. How will AI benefit agriculture? A. It will fund agriculture research. B. It contributes to low-cost farming. C. It can avoid harmful chemicals. D. It frees all farmers from field work. 13. What do the products of the two companies have in common? A. They use recognition technology. B. They are powered by solar energy. C. They are connected with smart phones. D They can help wanted plants grow rapidly. 14. What do Ben Chostner's words suggest about the robot? A. It is environmentally-friendly. B. It is good at self-improving. C. It has the learning ability. D. It can track various plants. 15. What is mainly talked about in the text？ A. The experiment in farming robots. B. New trend in artificial intelligence. C. Modern See & Spray technology. D. Artificial intelligence in agriculture. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Roger Sperry and Robert Ornstein of the California Institute of Technology, Nobel Prize winners, discovered that the human brain has two sides, and each side has different work to do. The left side of the brain controls language and number and it analyses and reasons. ___16___ It controls our appreciation of music and our sense of rhythm. It is also the right side of our brain which daydreams. Leonardo da Vinci was the great painter and sculptor. He was also an architect, a scientist and an inventor! ___17___ When he invented machines he used both his imaginative ability and his analytical (分析)ability. ___18___ Albert Einstein enjoyed art, playing the violin and sailing. Indeed, Einstein said his scientific discoveries grew from his imagination rather than from analysis, reason and language. He said that written and spoken words were not important in his thinking. The story goes that Einstein was daydreaming one summer's day while sitting on a hill. He imagined that he was riding on sunbeams to the far distance of the universe. Then he found that he had returned to the sun. So he realized that the universe must curve(弯曲).___19___ He then used the left side of his brain to apply analysis, number and reason. And finally he used language to explain it. Traditional education in schools encourages us to use the left side of our brains. Language, number, analysis and reason are given more importance in our schools than imagination and daydreaming. Why don't we give more value to visual thinking? Why jump on one foot if we have two perfectly good legs! ___20___We need to use our imagination to think of solutions to problems and to enjoy emotional and artistic experiences. And we need to be logical and to be able to analyze and organize in order to survive day by day. A. We benefit by thinking creatively. B. We all need both sides of our brain. C. He got this idea by using his imagination. D. Great scientists and great artists are similar. E. He was considered crazy for his strange ideas. F. He used both sides of his brain within each activity. G. The right side controls our imagination and our understanding of space. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) Frank Dewhurst, 84, was walking in his neighborhood when he saw a sign in his neighbor’s yard. “I am type O and I need a kidney (肾) transplant. Please ____21____ me.” The words made him stop. ____22____, he was also type O. Dewhurst’s neighbor Linda Nall, 72, was struggling with a serious kidney disease. Dewhurst knew it was ____23____ to live with one kidney. He had read an article about a(n) ____24____ kidney donor. Three friends had gone golfing together and one of them had kidney failure. The other two got ____25____, and one was a(n) ____26____ and donated his kidney. The friends in the ____27____ were in their 60s. If they could do it, why couldn’t he? When Dewhurst knocked on Nall’s door, she thought he just wanted to ____28____. But when her neighbor explained why he had ____29____, she was completely shocked. And a few days later, before the ____30____, Dewhurst was evaluated by doctors at Houston Methodist Hospital, who were amazed to find Dewhurst was a(n) ____31____ candidate. Now both Dewhurst and Nall are doing well, and the transplant may extend Nall’s ____32____ time by up to 12 years. “I just hope it motivates others who are ____33____, no matter what age, to ____34____.” said Dewhurst, now the country’s oldest living kidney donor. Nall also expressed her gratitude and promised to make the most of Frank’s ____35____ gift by living her life to the fullest. 21. A. protect B. select C. motivate D. save 22. A. In general B. By chance C. For sure D. On average 23. A. possible B. uncertain C. significant D. impressive 24. A. wealthy B. disabled C. ignored D. elderly 25. A. compared B. punished C. tested D. financed 26. A. explorer B. regulator C. match D. target 27. A. conflict B. article C. research D. interview 28. A. check B. struggle C. quarrel D. chat 29. A. given up B. dropped in C. set out D. wandered around 30. A. operation B. ceremony C. experiment D. vacation 31. A. active B. experienced C. ideal D. humorous 32. A. recovery B. growth C. leisure D. survival 33. A. professional B. healthy C. honest D. intelligent 34. A. donate B. advocate C. create D. progress 35. A. persuasive B. potential C. generous D. innovative 第二节 课内语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 36. I decided to devote ________ (I) to the task of working with the subjects, while he developed the scientific model. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. It is ________ (estimate) that the project will last four years, generating widespread interest among the public. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. Born in 1930, against his parents’ career wishes, he chose agriculture to address farmers’ poor harvests and food ________ (short). (所给词的适当形式填空) 39. ____ excited me in particular was enjoying the irresistible moon cakes, known as a symbol of the blessing. (用适当的词填空) 40. It is uncertain ________ he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not. (用适当的词填空) 41. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. (用适当的词填空) 42. Having spent over five decades in hybrid rice research, Yuan has helped China work a great wonder, ________ (feed) nearly one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total farmland. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. It is clarified that there are still a large number of people facing __________ (poor) in the area. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while ______(avoid) damage to the environment or to people’s health. (所给词的适当形式填空） 45. It took me a long time ________(digest) the theory put forward at the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. Pesticides kill both harmful and ________ (benefit) organisms, linger in soil and water, and may cause illnesses like cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Given that the driver injured the passer-by, he was so severely punished that his parents were ________ (frustrate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. ________(blame) by his teacher, the boy was frustrated and couldn’t concentrate on his study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Accordingly, he had he handle of the pump ________(remove) so that it could be used. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. The number of visitors to the museum ________ (increase) by nearly 6% in the past few years. (所给词适当形式填空) 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) 51. 假定你是高二学生李华，英国交换生Jim想参加你校社团，来信征询建议。请你回信推荐京剧社（Peking Opera Club），说明推荐理由及相关准备建议。 注意：80词左右；短文首句已为你写好。 Dear Jim, I’m delighted to know that you want to join one of our school clubs. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had booked the flights in somewhat of a hurry with just a carry-on bag, thinking 7 kgs was enough for a 3-day trip to Taupo. I thought I’d given myself enough time to get to the airport, however, as often was the case, I was running late and had to pack my bag with little time left. Confused about what to carry, I stuffed all the clothes in my little bag, taking no notice of the weight. Thirty minutes before the flight, I was waiting at my terminal (航站楼) in the airport and couldn’t stop smiling. I was too excited to go on a much-needed trip. A little while later, I heard an announcement “Passengers flying to Taupo on Flight NZ5091 are requested to weigh your cabin luggage and collect your tag”. I stood in the line waiting for my turn, clueless about how much my bag would weigh, deep inside hoping not over the weight limit. When it was my turn, I placed my bag on the weighing scale and whoaaaa!! It was 9.4 kgs. I asked the flight attendant if I could buy $20 extra luggage allowance (行李费) as shown on the app but I was too late for it. Instead, I was asked to pay an additional fee of $65. I either had to pay or leave something away to bring it down to 7 kgs. I asked the attendant whether they would give my stuff back to me if I returned 3 days later and surprisingly I was told I wouldn’t get it back. To me, a bad luggage experience had the power to completely sour a trip. With no other alternatives, I decided to give up some of my stuff. Unsettled, annoyed, disappointed! As I started removing the items, I saw a lady approaching me. It looked like she had heard the whole thing. She sat down next to me. “Are you OK? I should be able to help you.” She said. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked up, surprised, and saw her pointing at her bag. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ While I was worried whether I could get my stuff back, the plane landed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 厦门市第十中学2025—2026学年(上)高二年12月份综合测试 英语试题 满分150分 考试时间120分钟 命题人：骆艳玲 审核人：汪萍萍 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Roommates. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife. 2. What is the man’s problem? A. He needs a ride. B. He wants a new job. C. He doesn’t have insurance now. 3. What are the speakers doing? A. Biking in the city. B. Hiking in the mountains. C. Driving in the countryside. 4. How much did the ice cream cost? A. $5. B. $9. C. $10. 5. Where does this conversation take place? A. At a laundry. B. At a restaurant. C. At a shopping mall. 第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the man think of the girl’s question? A. It isn’t important. B. It’s difficult to answer. C. It is easy to understand. 7. What does the man say about the ocean and the sky? A. They are related. B. They look exactly the same. C. They have nothing to do with each other. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why is the man at the university? A. He’s taking classes. B. He’s checking it out. C. He just graduated from there. 9. What do we know about the man? A. He is good at baseball. B. His grades are very high. C. The college wants him to play on its sports team. 10. What happened when the woman went to a game last time? A. She was hit by a ball. B. A player was sent to hospital. C. Her face got scratched by a fan. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What does the man suggest the woman do about her book? A. Call a publisher. B. Advertise it herself. C. Ask their teacher for advice. 12. How many pages does the woman’s book have? A. About 200. B. About 350. C. About 700. 13. What will the woman give the man to read? A. A digital copy. B. A printed copy. C. A handwritten copy. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. How do most people in the United States get their news? A. From TV. B. From the network. C. From the newspaper. 15. Which country has the largest group of newspaper readers? A. France. B. Italy. C. Japan. 16. How does the man sound? A. A little bored. B. Very interested. C. Quite indifferent. 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Types of news media. B. Types of news reporters. C. Types of news shows. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. When will the math exams be held this year? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 19. Who will give an introduction on Tuesday? A. An athlete. B. A headmaster. C. The P. E. teacher. 20. Why are parents reminded to arrive early to the concert? A. To find a place to park. B. To get a place to sit. C. To take pictures. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You probably know who Marie Curie is, but you may not hear of Ruzena Bajcsy. Of the brilliant ladies listed below, who is the greatest woman in your mind? Ruzena Bajcsy Bajcsy is an American scientist. She received praise from other scientists because of her research on robots with her students who were under the guidance of her teaching. And she received the 2009 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science for her creation in robots, especially in the development of improved robotic perception (认知) and in the creation of better methods to analyze medical images. Rachel Carson Rachel Carson is an author. At first, she majored in English at the Pennsylvania College for Women, but later she changed her major. Her popular book Silent Spring raised awareness of the danger of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Oprah Winfrey Born into poverty in rural Mississippi, Winfrey is a successful talk show hostess and one of the richest African Americans of the 20th century. She changed the modes of talk show by using a more honest way of media communication and adjusted her talk show with a focus on literature and self-improvement, which made her show become the highest-rated television program of its kind in history. Sheryl Sandberg Sheryl Sandberg is a great director of Facebook. In 2012, she was named in the Time 100, a list of the most powerful people in the world. She published her first book Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead in 2013. This book talks about business leadership and development, at the same time discusses the lack of women in government and business leadership positions. 1. What is Bajcsy most noted for? A. Her new book on robots. B. Her excellent teaching skills. C. Her contributions to technology. D. Her academic research on medicine. 2. Why was Oprah’s talk show so popular? A. Her respect for the poor touched the audience. B She presented her show in creative forms and contents. C. She talked about current events happening around the world. D. Her personal experiences encouraged people to live positively. 3. Sandberg’s first book is suitable for women who ________. A. are interested in social media B. are devoted to community work C. want to achieve their career values D. desire to improve their writing skills 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当今社会四位著名的女性和她所取得的成就。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ruzena Bajcsy中“Bajcsy is an American scientist. She received praise from other scientists because of her research on robots with her students who were under the guidance of her teaching.(Bajcsy是一位美国科学家。她和她的学生在她的教学指导下对机器人进行了研究，受到了其他科学家的赞扬)”可知，Bajcsy因为对科技的贡献而成名。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Oprah Winfrey中的“She changed the modes of talk show by using a more honest way of media communication and adjusted her talk show with a focus on literature and self-improvement, which made her show become the highest-rated television program of its kind in history.(她改变了脱口秀的模式，采用更加诚实的媒体传播方式，对她的脱口秀进行了调整，侧重于文学和自我修养，使她的脱口秀成为有史以来收视率最高的电视节目)”可知，Oprah脱口秀如此受欢迎的原因是她的演出形式和内容都很有创意。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She published her first book Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead in 2013. This book talks about business leadership and development, at the same time discusses the lack of women in government and business leadership positions.”可知，2013年，Sandberg出版了自己的第一本书《向前一步:女性、工作和领导意志》。这本书讲的是商业领导与发展，同时也讨论了政府和商业领导职位中女性的缺乏。由此可推知，Sandberg的第一本书适合那些想要实现自己职业价值的女性。故选C。 B I am proud to be a member of two cultures. Even though I am only ten years old, I have lived in two countries and in two cultures. I have lived in both Mexico and the United States. I was born in the state of Michoacán. I was born in a small town called Quinceo. Life there was simple and peaceful. There was a small market where we would go on Sundays. There was a corral where we would go and watch rodeos. After school, my friends and I would go for a swim in a creek. My mom did not work; she stayed at home taking care of our family. Life in Quinceo was nice, but money was sometimes not enough to support us. In 1996, the day came when my dad decided to bring us to the United States. Leaving my town was hard, but it was important that my family stay together. When I left Mexico, I had a lot of special friends and nice teachers. When I first came to the United States, I started at a new school in Chicago. I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher. She helped me all the time. My education now is different from the one in Mexico. Here, I am studying in two languages. I feel very happy because I am able to communicate in two languages. In my case, speaking Spanish is an indication of my Mexican heritage. Speaking English is a symbol of my triumph and the struggles that I have as an immigrant in this country. Now that I have been here three years, I am proud to offer my help and support to people who need it. I urge those who come from Mexico and other countries to learn English and to continue speaking their native language, too. It will help them reach out to others. 4. What does the writer think of Mexico? A. She doesn’t like it because it’s poor. B. She was too young to remember it. C. She loves the country and is proud of it. D. She wants to get rid of it so she left. 5. Why did the family move to the US? A. Because they were in need of more money. B. Because the mother found no peace in Quinceo. C. Because they wanted to experience a new culture. D. Because the author could have new friends. 6. Which of the following statements about the author is WRONG? A. She wants to be a teacher and support people. B. She enjoyed company of friends at the new school. C. She enjoyed life in Mexico and also in the USA. D. Her new school teaches in English and Mexican. 7. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A. explain how the author learns English well as a teen B. help people to understand American immigrants better C. introduce the life in her hometown Quinceo in Mexico D. persuade immigrants not to drop their mother tongue 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【分析】本文为记叙文。作者出生于墨西哥，后来跟随家人到美国，因受到双重文化的熏陶而受益匪浅。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段I was born in the state of Michoacán. I was born in a small town called Quinceo. Life there was simple and peaceful(我出生在米却肯州。我出生在一个叫昆塞奥的小镇上。那里的生活简单而平静)可知，她热爱这个国家，并为此感到自豪。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Life in Quinceo was nice, but money was sometimes not enough to support us(在Quinceo的生活很好，但钱有时不足以维持我们的生活)可知，作者全家搬到美国，因为他们需要更多的钱。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher(在学校里，我在西班牙人、我的朋友和老师中找到了关心和陪伴)可知，她喜欢在新学校有朋友作伴，故排除B项；根据 Leaving my town was hard, but it was important that my family stay together. When I left Mexico, I had a lot of special friends and nice teachers(当我离开墨西哥时，我有很多特别的朋友和好老师)和When I first came to the United States, I started at a new school in Chicago. I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher(当我第一次来到美国时，我在芝加哥的一所新学校开始学习。在学校里，我在西班牙人、我的朋友和老师中间找到了关心和陪伴)可知，她喜欢在墨西哥和美国的生活，故排除C项；由Here, I am studying in two languages. I feel very happy because I am able to communicate in two languages(在这里，我用两种语言学习。我感到非常高兴，因为我可以用两种语言交流。)可知，她的新学校用英语和墨西哥语授课，故排除D项。综上，排除B，C和D项。选项A. She wants to be a teacher and support people(她想成为一名教师帮助别人)并未提及，故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段I urge those who come from Mexico and other countries to learn English and to continue speaking their native language, too (我敦促来自墨西哥和其他国家的人们学习英语，并继续说他们的母语。)可知，这篇文章的目的是说服移民不要放弃母语。D。 C Scientists from China have created a truly remarkable robot hand! Named the “F-TAC Hand”, it was developed by researchers from Peking University and the Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence, and their exciting work was just published in the famous science journal Nature Machine Intelligence on June 9th, 2025. What makes this robotic hand so special? It can feel and adjust its grip just like a human hand can. Imagine trying to pick up a ping-pong ball with just your little finger, or holding both a baseball and a golf ball in one hand without dropping them. The F-TAC Hand can do these things! If it picks up a cup full of water, it automatically adjusts its hold to keep the cup steady and prevent spills — reacting faster than you can blink. The secret lies in its amazing touch sensors. Covering 70% of the hand’s surface, these tiny sensors — packed as densely (密集地) as 10,000 per square centimeter — let the hand feel textures, pressure, and any tiny movement of the object it’s holding. Crucially, these sensors are built right into the hand’s structure, so they don’t make the hand stiff or clumsy. A smart computer program uses this constant touch feedback to instantly decide the best way to grip different objects, just like our brains tell our hands what to do. Beyond its amazing ability to mimic human touch, the F-TAC Hand also brings practical solutions to real-world problems in robotics. It’s inspired by how our own hands and nerves work. The F-TAC Hand isn’t just cool science; it has real uses. It could lead to much better prosthetic limbs, help robots perform delicate surgery, work safely in dangerous places like nuclear plants, or handle complex jobs in factories. Made possible partly by China’s powerful “Peng Cheng Cloud Brain Ⅱ”, this “hand of touch intelligence” is a big step forward for China in robotics and AI. Experts believe it brings us closer to robots that can truly understand and interact with the physical world around them. The future of robots just got a lot more skillful! 8. What is TRUE about the F-TAC Hand when grasping objects? A. It can adjust its grip to prevent spills from a full cup of water. B It must use the entire hand to pick up a ping-pong ball. C. It reacts more slowly than a human blink when picking up items. D. It cannot grasp objects of different sizes at the same time. 9. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. Each sensor covers an area of 10,000 square centimeters. B. The sensors are integrated into the hand’s structure to keep it stiff. C. The AI program makes decisions delayed based on touch feedback. D. The AI program uses real-time touch feedback to control the grip. 10. What does the underlined phrase “mimic” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Imitate. B. Replace. C. Simplify. D. Enhance. 11. What is the main purpose of the author in writing this passage? A. To introduce the development history of robotic hands. B. To compare the F-TAC Hand with other robotic hands. C. To criticize the limitations of previous robotic hands. D. To highlight the features and applications of the F-TAC Hand. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国研发F-TAC Hand机器人手，仿人触觉强且应用前景广。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If it picks up a cup full of water, it automatically adjusts its hold to keep the cup steady and prevent spills — reacting faster than you can blink.(如果它拿起一杯水，它会自动调整手部的力度，以保持杯子稳定并防止水洒出——其反应速度甚至快于你眨眼的频率)”可知， F-TAC Hand在抓取物时能够调整其握持力度，以防止装满水的杯子出现溢出的情况”正确。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A smart computer program uses this constant touch feedback to instantly decide the best way to grip different objects, just like our brains tell our hands what to do.(一个智能的计算机程序会利用这种持续的触觉反馈信息，迅速确定握住不同物体的最佳方式，就像我们的大脑会指挥我们的手去做相应动作一样)”可知，该人工智能程序利用实时触觉反馈来控制抓握力度。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“It’s inspired by how our own hands and nerves work.(它的设计灵感来源于我们自身的手和神经的工作方式)”以及“human touch(人类触感)”可知，机器人的设计灵感来源于我们自身的手和神经的工作方式，即模仿了人类触感的能力。故划线词意思是“模仿”。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，2-3段围绕F-TAC Hand机器人手的“特性”（如传感器、抓握能力），第4段围绕它的“应用”（假肢、手术等）展开。由此推知，作者写作本文的目的是突出F-TAC Hand的特性与应用。故选D。 D Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles. But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology. One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. One of the companies is ecoRobotix of SwitzerLand. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. The robot has four wheels to carry it through the fields in search of weeds. Computer-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide(除草剂). Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun. It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles. A farmer can also control the equipment through a smart-phone. The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurelien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times 1ess herbicide than traditional methods. This is because the system uses exactly the right amount of chemical in the exact place required to kill the weeds. Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants. Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology. The company has a system called "See & Spray", which it claims was the world's first smart sprayer. The system-which connects to the back of a tractor-is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow. Ben Chostner, vice-president of business development for Blue River Technology, explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw a pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it-by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed-and now it's an expert in pigweed. " 12. How will AI benefit agriculture? A. It will fund agriculture research. B. It contributes to low-cost farming. C It can avoid harmful chemicals. D. It frees all farmers from field work. 13. What do the products of the two companies have in common? A They use recognition technology. B. They are powered by solar energy. C. They are connected with smart phones. D. They can help wanted plants grow rapidly. 14. What do Ben Chostner's words suggest about the robot? A. It is environmentally-friendly. B. It is good at self-improving. C. It has the learning ability. D. It can track various plants. 15. What is mainly talked about in the text？ A. The experiment in farming robots. B. New trend in artificial intelligence. C. Modern See & Spray technology. D. Artificial intelligence in agriculture. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。农业是研究和开发人工智能的重要行业之一。文章介绍了两家公司正在开发的高科技工具，可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少对环境有害的化学物质。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。答案定位在第一段One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.（农业是研究和开发人工智能的重要行业之一。公司正在试验高科技工具，可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少对环境有害的化学物质。）由此推断出，人工智能通过降低成本造福农业，故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。答案定位在第二段One of the companies is ecoRobotix of SwitzerLand, It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm（其中一家公司是瑞士的ecoRobotix，它创造了一个配备人工智能和摄像头的机器人，可以识别农场里的所有植物）和最后一段The system-which connects to the back of a tractor-is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.（该系统连接到拖拉机的后部，也配备了人工智能来识别和化学杀灭杂草。）可知，这两家公司的产品的共同之处是他们使用识别技术，故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段Ben Chostner, vice-president of business development for Blue River Technology, explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw a pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it-by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed-and now it's an expert in pigweed. "（Blue River Technology负责业务开发的副总Ben Chostner在一段公司视频中解释称，See & Spray Technology使用了与人脸识别相同的深度学习方法。“机器第一次看到杂草时，它不知道那是什么植物。但是我们通过给它成千上万的例子来教它——现在它是猪草方面的专家。”）由此推断出，Ben Chostner的话表明这个机器人有学习能力，故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.（农业是研究和开发人工智能(AI)的重要行业之一。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了农业中的人工智能，故选D。 【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题3，答案定位在最后一段Ben Chostner, vice-president of business development for Blue River Technology, explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep Learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw a pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it-by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed-and now it's an expert in pigweed. "（Blue River Technology负责业务开发的副Ben Chostner在一段公司视频中解释称，See & Spray Technology使用了与人脸识别相同的深度学习方法。“机器第一次看到杂草时，它不知道那是什么植物。但是我们通过给它成千上万的例子来教它——现在它是猪草方面的专家。”）由此推断出，Ben Chostner的话表明这个机器人有学习能力，故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Roger Sperry and Robert Ornstein of the California Institute of Technology, Nobel Prize winners, discovered that the human brain has two sides, and each side has different work to do. The left side of the brain controls language and number and it analyses and reasons. ___16___ It controls our appreciation of music and our sense of rhythm. It is also the right side of our brain which daydreams. Leonardo da Vinci was the great painter and sculptor. He was also an architect, a scientist and an inventor! ___17___ When he invented machines he used both his imaginative ability and his analytical (分析)ability. ___18___ Albert Einstein enjoyed art, playing the violin and sailing. Indeed, Einstein said his scientific discoveries grew from his imagination rather than from analysis, reason and language. He said that written and spoken words were not important in his thinking. The story goes that Einstein was daydreaming one summer's day while sitting on a hill. He imagined that he was riding on sunbeams to the far distance of the universe. Then he found that he had returned to the sun. So he realized that the universe must curve(弯曲).___19___ He then used the left side of his brain to apply analysis, number and reason. And finally he used language to explain it. Traditional education in schools encourages us to use the left side of our brains. Language, number, analysis and reason are given more importance in our schools than imagination and daydreaming. Why don't we give more value to visual thinking? Why jump on one foot if we have two perfectly good legs! ___20___We need to use our imagination to think of solutions to problems and to enjoy emotional and artistic experiences. And we need to be logical and to be able to analyze and organize in order to survive day by day. A. We benefit by thinking creatively. B. We all need both sides of our brain. C. He got this idea by using his imagination. D. Great scientists and great artists are similar. E. He was considered crazy for his strange ideas. F. He used both sides of his brain within each activity. G. The right side controls our imagination and our understanding of space. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。科学研究发现人类的大脑有两面，每一面都有不同的工作要做。左侧大脑控制语言和号码，分析、推理。右侧大脑控制着音乐、韵律感和想象力。做任何一件事都要用到这两侧的大脑。 【16题详解】 上文The left side of the brain controls language and number and it analyses and reasons.(左侧大脑控制语言和数字，它做分析和推理)与G. The right side controls our imagination and our understanding of space.(右脑负责我们的想象力和多空间的理解力)承接自然，上下文分别陈述了左右侧大脑的功能，故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文Leonardo da Vinci was the great painter and sculptor. He was also an architect, a scientist and an inventor!(达·芬奇是伟大的画家和雕塑家。他也是一名建筑师、科学家和发明家！)与F. He used both sides of his brain within each activity.(他在做每个活动时都用到大脑的两侧)承接自然，上下文话题一致，选项中的he就是前文所提到的Leonardo da Vinci，故选F项。 【18题详解】 结合上文内容和下文的Albert Einstein enjoyed art, playing the violin and sailing. (伟大的科学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦喜欢艺术，演奏小提琴和帆船运动。)可知，上文讲述伟大的艺术家，下文讲述伟大的科学家，故此处应选择一个承上启下的句子，D. Great scientists and great artists are similar.(伟大的科学家和伟大的艺术家是相似的。)有此作用，故选D项。 【19题详解】 上文He imagined that he was riding on sunbeams to the far distance of the universe. Then he found that he had returned to the sun. So he realized that the universe must curve(他想象自己正乘着阳光驶向遥远的宇宙。然后他发现他已经回到太阳。所以，他意识到宇宙一定是弯曲的。)与C. He got this idea by using his imagination.(他是用他的想象力来得到他的这个想法的。)承接自然，上文讲述的内容就是爱因斯坦用自己的想象力得到想法的故事，imagine和imagination是关键词，故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据下文We need to use our imagination to think of solutions to problems and to enjoy emotional and artistic experiences. And we need to be logical and to be able to analyze and organize in order to survive day by day.(我们需要用我们的想象力去思考问题的解决方案，去享受情感和艺术体验。我们需要有逻辑性，能够分析和组织才能生存下去)可知，本段主要讲述人类左右两侧大脑都需要，B. We all need both sides of our brain.(大脑的左右两侧我们都需要。)可以作为本段中心句，故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) Frank Dewhurst, 84, was walking in his neighborhood when he saw a sign in his neighbor’s yard. “I am type O and I need a kidney (肾) transplant. Please ____21____ me.” The words made him stop. ____22____, he was also type O. Dewhurst’s neighbor Linda Nall, 72, was struggling with a serious kidney disease. Dewhurst knew it was ____23____ to live with one kidney. He had read an article about a(n) ____24____ kidney donor. Three friends had gone golfing together and one of them had kidney failure. The other two got ____25____, and one was a(n) ____26____ and donated his kidney. The friends in the ____27____ were in their 60s. If they could do it, why couldn’t he? When Dewhurst knocked on Nall’s door, she thought he just wanted to ____28____. But when her neighbor explained why he had ____29____, she was completely shocked. And a few days later, before the ____30____, Dewhurst was evaluated by doctors at Houston Methodist Hospital, who were amazed to find Dewhurst was a(n) ____31____ candidate. Now both Dewhurst and Nall are doing well, and the transplant may extend Nall’s ____32____ time by up to 12 years. “I just hope it motivates others who are ____33____, no matter what age, to ____34____.” said Dewhurst, now the country’s oldest living kidney donor. Nall also expressed her gratitude and promised to make the most of Frank’s ____35____ gift by living her life to the fullest. 21. A. protect B. select C. motivate D. save 22. A. In general B. By chance C. For sure D. On average 23. A. possible B. uncertain C. significant D. impressive 24. A. wealthy B. disabled C. ignored D. elderly 25. A. compared B. punished C. tested D. financed 26. A. explorer B. regulator C. match D. target 27. A. conflict B. article C. research D. interview 28. A. check B. struggle C. quarrel D. chat 29. A. given up B. dropped in C. set out D. wandered around 30. A. operation B. ceremony C. experiment D. vacation 31. A. active B. experienced C. ideal D. humorous 32. A. recovery B. growth C. leisure D. survival 33. A. professional B. healthy C. honest D. intelligent 34. A. donate B. advocate C. create D. progress 35. A. persuasive B. potential C. generous D. innovative 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了84岁的弗兰克・杜赫斯特看到邻居琳达・纳尔因肾病急需O型血肾脏移植的求助信息后，主动提出捐赠肾脏，最终手术成功，两人恢复良好的感人故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是O型血，需要肾移植。请救救我。A. protect保护；B. select选择；C. motivate激励；D. save拯救。根据前文 “need a kidney transplant” 可知，邻居急需肾脏救命，求助信息的核心是 “请求拯救”。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：巧合的是，他也是O型血。A. In general通常；B. By chance巧合地；C. For sure肯定地；D. On average平均。根据前文“I am type O”及后文“he was also type O”可知，杜赫斯特看到邻居需要O型血肾脏，而自己恰好也是O型血，这是偶然的巧合。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杜赫斯特知道只有一个肾脏也能生活。A. possible可能的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. significant重要的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。根据后文“to live with one kidney”可知，只有一个肾脏也能生活。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他读过一篇关于老年肾脏捐赠者的文章。A. wealthy富有的；B. disabled残疾的；C. ignored被忽视的；D. elderly年老的。根据后文“in their 60s”可知，文章中的捐赠者属于“老年”群体。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另外两个人去做了检测，其中一人配型成功并捐赠了肾脏。A. compared比较；B. punished惩罚；C. tested检测；D. financed资助。根据后文“donated his kidney”可知，肾脏移植前需配型检测，“get tested”是器官捐赠的必要流程。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：另外两个人去做了检测，其中一人配型成功并捐赠了肾脏。A. explorer探险家；B. regulator管理者；C. match匹配者；D. target目标。根据后文“donated his kidney”可知，检测后只有 “配型成功的人”能捐赠肾脏，“a match”指“器官配型合格者”。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：文章中的这几位朋友都 60 多岁了。A. conflict冲突；B. article文章；C. research研究；D.interview 采访。根据前文“he had read an article ... Three friends had gone golfing together and one of them had kidney failure. ”可知，此处指代该文章中提到的朋友。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当杜赫斯特敲响纳尔的门时，她以为他只是想聊聊天。A. check检查；B. struggle挣扎；C. quarrel争吵；D. chat聊天。根据前文“Frank Dewhurst, 84, was walking in his neighborhood”及“When Dewhurst knocked on Nall’s door”可知，两人是邻居，日常敲门可能是闲聊。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但当邻居解释他来访的原因时，她完全震惊了。A. given up放弃；B. dropped in顺便拜访；C. set out出发；D. wandered around闲逛。根据前文“When Dewhurst knocked on Nall’s door”可知，杜赫斯特是“上门拜访”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，手术前，杜赫斯特在休斯顿卫理公会医院接受了医生的评估，医生们惊讶地发现杜赫斯特是理想的捐赠候选人。A. operation手术；B. ceremony仪式；C. experiment实验；D. vacation假期。根据后文“Dewhurst was evaluated by doctors ”可知，肾脏移植需通过手术完成，术前对捐赠者进行身体评估是医疗流程。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，手术前，杜赫斯特在休斯顿卫理公会医院接受了医生的评估，医生们惊讶地发现杜赫斯特是理想的捐赠候选人。A. active活跃的；B. experienced有经验的；C. ideal理想的；D. humorous幽默的。根据前文“Frank Dewhurst, 84 ... he was also type O”及后文“candidate”可知，84 岁高龄仍符合捐赠身体条件，对医生来说是 “理想的”候选人。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在杜赫斯特和纳尔都恢复得很好，这次移植可能会将纳尔的存活时间延长多达 12 年。A. recovery恢复；B. growth成长；C. leisure闲暇；D. survival存活。根据后文“by up to 12 years”可知，纳尔原本受严重肾病困扰，肾移植的核心作用是延长 “存活时间”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只是希望这能激励其他健康的人，无论年龄大小，都可以去捐献器官。A. professional专业的；B. healthy健康的；C. honest诚实的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据常识可知，器官捐赠的前提是捐赠者身体健康，杜赫斯特作为健康高龄捐赠者，希望激励其他“健康”的人参与。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是希望这能激励其他健康的人，无论年龄大小，都可以去捐献器官。A. donate捐赠；B. advocate倡导；C. create创造；D. progress进步。根据前文“donated his kidney. ... If they could do it, why couldn’t he?”可知，全文围绕杜赫斯特捐赠肾脏展开，他的核心愿望是激励他人参与“器官捐献”。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：纳尔也表达了她的感激之情，并承诺会充分利用弗兰克这份慷慨的礼物，活出最精彩的人生。A. persuasive有说服力的；B. potential潜在的；C. generous慷慨的；D. innovative创新的。根据文章内容可知，杜赫斯特无偿捐赠肾脏拯救邻居生命，这是“慷慨的”无私举动。故选C。 第二节 课内语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 36. I decided to devote ________ (I) to the task of working with the subjects, while he developed the scientific model. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】myself 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：我决定全身心投入到与研究对象合作的工作中，而他则负责构建科学模型。devote oneself to...是固定短语，意为“致力于；献身于”。句子主语是I，所以要用反身代词myself。故填myself。 37. It is ________ (estimate) that the project will last four years, generating widespread interest among the public. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】estimated 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：据估计，该项目将持续四年，引起公众的广泛兴趣。It为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语，与estimate“估计”为被动关系，本空用过去分词estimated，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填estimated。 38. Born in 1930, against his parents’ career wishes, he chose agriculture to address farmers’ poor harvests and food ________ (short). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】shortage 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他出生于1930年，违背了父母的职业意愿，选择了农业来解决农民收成不佳和粮食短缺的问题。本空作address的宾语，用名词shortage“短缺”，作宾语。表示抽象概念是不可数名词。故填shortage。 39. ____ excited me in particular was enjoying the irresistible moon cakes, known as a symbol of the blessing. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：特别让我兴奋的是品尝了不可抗拒的月饼，被称为祝福的象征。空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中充当主语，指物，应用连接代词what，注意单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 40. It is uncertain ________ he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他是否能来参加珍妮的生日聚会还不确定。根据句子可知，It是形式主语，“ he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not”是真正的主语从句，从句不缺成分，结合句意和句中or not可知，表示“是否”，应用连词whether...or not引导该主语从句。故填whether。 41. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 42. Having spent over five decades in hybrid rice research, Yuan has helped China work a great wonder, ________ (feed) nearly one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total farmland. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】feeding 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平花了50多年的时间研究杂交水稻，帮助中国创造了一个伟大的奇迹，用不到世界总农田的9%养活了世界近五分之一的人口。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，feed“养活”和Yuan逻辑上是主动关系，因此用feed的现在分词形式，作状语。故填feeding。 43. It is clarified that there are still a large number of people facing __________ (poor) in the area. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】poverty 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：明确指出，该地区仍有大量贫困人口。空格处位于动词之后，因此需要填入名词，poor的名词为“poverty”为不可数名词。故填poverty。 44. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while ______(avoid) damage to the environment or to people’s health. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】avoiding 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：使用不同的有机农业方法的目的是种植优质的食物，同时避免对环境和人体健康的损害。avoid和methods之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填avoiding。 45. It took me a long time ________(digest) the theory put forward at the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to digest 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我花了很长时间才理解会议上提出的那个理论。it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do sth.。故填to digest。 46. Pesticides kill both harmful and ________ (benefit) organisms, linger in soil and water, and may cause illnesses like cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：农药不仅会杀死有害生物，也会杀死有益生物，还会残留在土壤和水中，并可能引发诸如癌症之类的疾病。空处和harmful并列，作修饰organisms的定语，形容词beneficial符合题意，意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。 47. Given that the driver injured the passer-by, he was so severely punished that his parents were ________ (frustrate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】frustrated 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：鉴于司机撞伤了行人，他受到了严厉的惩罚，以至于他的父母感到很沮丧。此处需要填形容词作表语，修饰主语“his parents”，表示人“感到沮丧的”，应用-ed结尾的形容词frustrated。故填frustrated。 48. ________(blame) by his teacher, the boy was frustrated and couldn’t concentrate on his study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Blamed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于受到老师的责备，这个男孩感到很沮丧，无法专心学习了。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语the boy与blame之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作原因状语。故填Blamed。 49. Accordingly, he had he handle of the pump ________(remove) so that it could be used. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】removed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他让人把泵的把手柄拿掉，以便使用。分析句子可知，主句有谓语had，空处填非谓语动词，have sth. done是固定结构，意为“使某事被做，让别人来做某事”，因此填过去分词做宾补。故填removed。 50. The number of visitors to the museum ________ (increase) by nearly 6% in the past few years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has increased 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，博物馆的参观人数增长了近6%。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，主语The number of visitors是单数概念，助动词用has。故填has increased。 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) 51. 假定你是高二学生李华，英国交换生Jim想参加你校社团，来信征询建议。请你回信推荐京剧社（Peking Opera Club），说明推荐理由及相关准备建议。 注意：80词左右；短文首句已为你写好。 Dear Jim, I’m delighted to know that you want to join one of our school clubs. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m delighted to know that you want to join one of our school clubs. I strongly recommend the Peking Opera Club, which offers a precious opportunity to understand traditional Chinese culture in depth. You’ll learn its unique facial symbolism and singing styles that have been passed down for centuries. I advise you to watch a few online performances beforehand to feel its rhythm and beauty. The club’s senior members, who are very patient, will help beginners master basic gestures and tunes. Once you try it yourself, you will discover how expressive this traditional art can be. Let me know if you need more details! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给想参加校社团的英国交换生Jim回信，为他推荐京剧社，应说明推荐该社团的具体理由，并给出加入该社团的准备建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 宝贵的：precious → valuable/treasurable 全面地：in depth → thoroughly/to the fullest extent 预先：beforehand → in advance/ahead of time 掌握：master → acquire/grasp/get the hang of 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I advise you to watch a few online performances beforehand to feel its rhythm and beauty. 拓展句：I advise that you (should) watch a few online performances beforehand to feel its rhythm and beauty. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You’ll learn its unique facial symbolism and singing styles that have been passed down for centuries. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】The club’s senior members, who are very patient, will help beginners master basic gestures and tunes. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had booked the flights in somewhat of a hurry with just a carry-on bag thinking 7 kgs was enough for a 3-day trip to Taupo. I thought I’d given myself enough time to get to the airport, however, as often was the case, I was running late and had to pack my bag with little time left. Confused about what to carry, I stuffed all the clothes in my little bag, taking no notice of the weight. Thirty minutes before the flight, I was waiting at my terminal (航站楼) in the airport and couldn’t stop smiling. I was too excited to go on a much-needed trip. A little while later, I heard an announcement “Passengers flying to Taupo on Flight NZ5091 are requested to weigh your cabin luggage and collect your tag”. I stood in the line waiting for my turn, clueless about how much my bag would weigh, deep inside hoping not over the weight limit. When it was my turn, I placed my bag on the weighing scale and whoaaaa!! It was 9.4 kgs. I asked the flight attendant if I could buy $20 extra luggage allowance (行李费) as shown on the app but I was too late for it. Instead, I was asked to pay an additional fee of $65. I either had to pay or leave something away to bring it down to 7 kgs. I asked the attendant whether they would give my stuff back to me if I returned 3 days later and surprisingly I was told I wouldn’t get it back. To me, a bad luggage experience had the power to completely sour a trip. With no other alternatives, I decided to give up some of my stuff. Unsettled, annoyed, disappointed! As I started removing the items, I saw a lady approaching me. It looked like she had heard the whole thing. She sat down next to me. “Are you OK? I should be able to help you.” She said. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked up, surprised, and saw her pointing at her bag. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ While I was worried whether I could get my stuff back, the plane landed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I looked up, surprised, and saw her pointing at her bag. She said he didn’t take many things and could help me share some of my belongings. I couldn’t believe the help from a stranger. But, I thought to myself “this is the best way.” I am grateful to her for her kindness and transferred my overweight items to her bag. I managed to get on the plane without paying any extra fees. When we got on the plane, our seats were far apart and we didn’t communicate much, so I knew very little about this stranger. While I was worried whether I could get my stuff back, the plane landed. There were a lot of people getting out of the plane. I was waiting for my turn and waiting for the strange woman to pass me by and return my stuff. In fact, I had been prepared for the worst. All sorts of disturbing thoughts ran through my mind. Just then, the strange woman tapped me on the shoulder. And voluntarily returned my things. I thanked the strange woman from the bottom of my heart. It also gave me a new faith in humanity. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章主要讲述了作者在登机前很是匆忙，并没有检查行李箱的重量，结果在登机时，被要求额外支付65美元的费用。在没有其他选择定放弃自己的一些东西时，一位女士主动提出可以把超重的行李转移到她的包里，并在飞机降落后主动归还了作者的物品。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我惊讶地抬起头，看见她指着她的包。”。可知，第一段可描写陌生人帮助了作者使得作者成功登机而没有支付额外的费用，但是登机之后，作者对陌生人没有太多的了解。 ②由第二段首句内容“正当我还在担心能否拿回我的东西时，飞机降落了”可知，第二段可描写作者的担心，最终陌生人主动归还了作者的物品，作者表示感激以及感悟。 2. 续写线索：作者惊呆——得到陌生人的帮助——成功登机——不了解陌生人——有些担忧——陌生人主动归还物品——感激——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①交流：communicate /interact ②帮助：help/assist ③成功做某事：manage to do sth/succeed in doing sth ④感谢：thank/appreciate 情绪类 ①令人不安的：disconcerting/disturbing ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】【高分句型1】When we got on the plane, our seats were far apart and we didn’t communicate much, so I knew very little about this stranger. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】She said he didn’t take many things and could help me share some of my belongings. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $