精品解析：湖南省沅澧共同体2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

沅澧共同体2024届高一期末考试（试题卷） 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19. 15 B. £ 9. 18 C. £ 9. 15 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Take a break. B. Have breakfast. C. Get back to work. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Alan, you’ve been working all morning. I bet you didn’t even have breakfast. Why don’t you take a break? M: You are right. Thanks for noticing. I completely forgot about breakfast. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman feel now? A. Relaxed. B. Confident. C. Worried. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m afraid that I can’t pass the exam tomorrow. M: You’ll do a great job, I’m sure. You just need to relax. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Foggy. C. Snowy. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Why don’t you take the subway today? It’s too difficult for you to drive in such bad weather. The rain won’t stop until afternoon. M: You’re right. Rain is more troublesome than snow. It leads to poor visibility. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a car. C. In a shop. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Oh, I just remember. Could you stop at the shop over there? I need to buy some food for dinner. It won’t take long. M: Sure, take your time. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the man doing? A. Closing the window. B. Doing his homework. C. Turning on the air conditioner. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Jim, could you please help close the window? It’s too hot. I want to turn on the air conditioner. M: OK. But wait a minute. I will finish my homework soon. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. How long did Peter stay in Wellington? A. Four weeks. B. Three weeks. C. One week. 7. Why does Peter suggest going to Auckland in October? A. The scenery is beautiful. B. Hotels are not expensive. C. There are fewer tourists. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: How was your holiday in New Zealand, Peter? You spent a whole month there. M: Yeah, it was amazing. W: Tell me more about it. M: We stayed in Wellington for a week. Then we flew to Auckland, where we spent the rest of the holiday exploring natural scenic spots. There, we saw a lot of wildlife. We also went hiking and set up camp at night. W: Oh, I hope I can go there one day! M: The best time to go to Auckland is in October when it welcomes its most beautiful season. But the hotels might be more expensive because a large group of people will also take trips then. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A cooking class. B. A small party. C. An art show. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 【答案】8. A 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: How’s your cooking class, John? M: It’s really great. My teacher is very skilled and patient. W: I’ve been thinking about taking the class too. Is it quite expensive, brother? M: No. Now in the summer, it’s only 220 yuan. W: Oh, really? It seems like a good deal to sign up now. M: Absolutely. W: So, what do you usually do after class? M: We often watch cooking shows for inspiration, but last night we had a small party. It was such a fun evening. W: Great! Hope mom will allow me to join you. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Who is Julia? A. Their professor. B. Their high-school classmate. C. The chairman of their company. 11. Where is Julia now? A. In Beijing. B. In New York. C. In California. 12. What did Julia invite the speakers to do? A. Attend her art lesson. B. Get together with her. C. Work at Peking University. 【答案】10. B 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Mary, you’ll never guess who I met at the cafeteria. W: Who? M: Julia. W: You mean our former monitor in high school? M: Yes. W: How is she doing? I still remember how excellent she was as chairman of the Students’ Union. M: She graduated from Peking University and then got her master’s degree at Stanford University and found a job in an accounting company in New York after graduation. But she quit her job several months ago and moved back to Beijing. She said she wanted to make a contribution to our country. W: So what is she doing now? M: She gives art lessons at Peking University, her old school. And she asked us to visit her if we are free. W: Oh, I’d love to. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What are the speakers planning for the holiday? A. A small trip. B. A happy shopping. C. A birthday party. 14. When will the speakers arrive at the mountain village ? A. At 2:30 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 6:30 pm. 15. What will the speakers do on Saturday morning? A. Climb a mountain. B. Have a picnic. C. Try local food. 16. What does the woman remind the man to do? A. Leave early. B. Bring some suits. C. Keep his phone available. 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: What’s your plan for the coming three-day holiday? M: Nothing special. How about you? W: Peter, Judy and I have decided to go for a picnic. Would you like to join us? M: I’d love to. Where do you plan to go? W: Peter will drive us to a mountain village, where his parents live now. M: That sounds wonderful. Tell me when we will set off. W: Let’s start at 4:30 this Friday afternoon. We will reach there in two hours. M: So it should be evening by the time we arrive. W: Yes. We will have a lovely night there. And then on Saturday morning, we will go to the foot of the mountain with our luggage and picnic items. Then we will enjoy ourselves all day there. M: Oh, I guess we will be back home in the evening. W: No, we are planning to stay there for two nights. On the second day, we will start climbing and try some local food there. M: Good. So I think I should put at least two suits in my bag. W: And keep your phone close at hand. I will contact you on the phone one hour before leaving. M: Sure. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Where will the students go this Friday? A. The Science Museum. B. The Agriculture Museum. C. The Natural History Museum. 18. What are the students required to do this Wednesday? A. Hand in the form. B. Buy the ticket and food. C. Invite their parents to the trip. 19. How will the students go to the museum? A. By subway. B. By school bus. C. On foot. 20. How much should each student pay for food? A. $9. B. $11. C. $20. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】“Hello, boys and girls. Attention, please! I want to tell you about our field trip this week. Last year, we went to the City Planning Museum, but this year, it’s the Natural History Museum. There’s a great exhibition on display and I’m sure you’ll be very interested in it. It’s located in South Kensington, near the Science Museum and the Agriculture Museum. We’ll set off at 9:00 a.m. this Friday, so please ask your parents to fill in the form and return it to me this Wednesday, the day after tomorrow. Then I can count up how many students will join. The school bus isn’t big enough, so we’re going by subway. Now it’s free to get into the museum, so you just have to pay $9 for transportation and $11 for food. That’s $20 in total. Remember to bring your raincoat because it may be a wet day. ” 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many common household items that non-toxic (无毒的) and that work well for killing weeds. Vinegar White vinegar is perfectly fine for weed killing. Spray (喷洒) it directly on the leaves of the disliked plant and be careful not to overspray, as a bit of wind can carry the chemicals onto other plants you’d like to keep. Also try to avoid dropping vinegar into the soil, as it will make it harder for anything to grow there. Fire Using a kitchen burner or flame-weeder tool to apply heat directly to the leaves and roots of the weed is a fine way of getting rid of them, but be careful not to burn the entire neighborhood down. Anywhere there is dried material, you should use fire with extra care. Boiling water It is especially good for weed killing on the sidewalks or driveways. You can boil the water to 100 degrees in a container, which is better, as it makes it easier and safer to pour, as well as gives an exact weed-killing. Salt Salt is a great weed-killer and can be added to vinegar or hot water sprays, but when it goes into the earth nothing can grow. Add a little dish soap to help the salt stick to the leaves, and be careful where you aim. Spraying the soil will damage it, while hitting other plants you like may kill them too. 21. Why should we spray only a little vinegar on leaves? A. To get rid of the chemicals. B. To save the vinegar. C. To protect the plants we like. D. To improve the soil. 22. Which item is especially suitable to kill the weeds on the driveways? A. Vinegar. B. Fire. C. Boiling water. D. Salt. 23. Where can this text come from? A. A science report. B. A personal diary. C. A cooking book. D. A gardening magazine. 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍白醋、火焰、沸水、食盐四种无毒家用物品的除草方法，及各方法的操作注意事项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Spray it directly on the leaves of the disliked plant and be careful not to overspray, as a bit of wind can carry the chemicals onto other plants you’d like to keep. (直接将它喷洒在你不喜欢的植物叶片上，注意不要过量喷洒，因为一点点风就可能把这些化学物质吹到你想要保留的其他植物上。)”可知，不能过量喷洒白醋是为了防止其被风吹到想要保留的植物上，以此保护这些植物。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“It is especially good for weed killing on the sidewalks or driveways. (它尤其适用于清除人行道或车道上的杂草。)”，此处的“it”指代前文提到的Boiling water(沸水)，由此可知，沸水特别适合清除车道上的杂草。故选C项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“There are many common household items that non-toxic and that work well for killing weeds. (有许多常见的家用物品不仅无毒，而且能有效清除杂草。)”可知，本文主要介绍了几种用家用物品清除杂草的方法，内容和园艺种植相关，由此可以推断，这篇文章最有可能出自一本园艺杂志。故选D项。 B If asked to pick a most joyful experience in my childhood, I would have to pick making our snow lady in the winter of 1952. My dad , George Hyndman, was a wonderful, creative guy who always spared time from his busy schedule to make fun for his children. It snowed heavily in winter, and one afternoon Dad got my brother Nicholls, my sister Twila and I to help build a snowwoman. She was 6 feet tall at the shoulders. Dad had to roll the last few feet of the base because we could not move it. After we rolled the midsection, Dad strained to lift it atop the base. After he added a head, we gathered more snow and Dad sculpted two arms extending from her broad shoulders. Finding coal for her eyes, nose, smile and buttons was easy in those days. Then she was perfect! Drivers slowed down all day to get a good look at her. The next day was lovely and warm, which softened her on one side. Slowly she began to lean, bending farther and farther. Would her head and arms last? At night, the freezing temperatures firmed her up, but by the third day her nose nearly touched the ground. Despite the transformation, we kids gave her a beautiful name: Lena the Snow Lady. Lena’s gigantic(巨大的)shining white figure lasted six days in our front yard. 24. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To present an idea. B. To introduce the topic. C. To entertain the readers. D. To have a discussion. 25. The snowwoman was softened on one side because of ___________. A. huge body. B. warm temperatures. C. lovely drivers. D. naughty children. 26. How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A. Cheerful. B. Anxious. C. Curious. D. Hopeful. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Twila: a lovely kid B. Nicholls: a warm helper C. George Hyndman: a creative father D. Lena the Snow Lady: a perfect snowwoman 【答案】24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆1952年冬天和父亲、兄弟姐妹一起堆雪人的经历。雪人很完美，吸引路人，后因天气变化变形，但孩子们为其取名“雪女士莉娜”，它在院子里留存了六天。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段提到“If asked to pick a most joyful experience in my childhood, I would have to pick making our snow lady in the winter of 1952.”(如果被要求挑选我童年中最快乐的经历，我不得不选择1952年冬天堆雪人的经历。)可知，此段通过讲述童年快乐经历引出下文要详细描述的堆雪人这一主题内容。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The next day was lovely and warm, which softened her on one side. (第二天天气宜人且温暖，这使得雪人的一边变软了。)”可知，雪人一边变软是因为温暖的气温。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“Despite the transformation, we kids gave her a beautiful name: Lena the Snow Lady. Lena’s gigantic(巨大的)shining white figure lasted six days in our front yard. (尽管发生了变化，我们孩子们还是给她起了一个美丽的名字：雪女士莉娜。莉娜那巨大的、闪闪发光的白色身影在我们前院持续了六天。)”可知，从作者描述雪人莉娜以及给它起美丽名字，还有提到雪人在前院持续六天等，可以看出作者心情是愉悦的。故选A。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要围绕1952年冬天作者和家人一起堆的雪人莉娜展开，讲述了堆雪人的过程、雪人的变化以及孩子们对雪人的喜爱等。D选项“Lena the Snow Lady: a perfect snowwoman (雪人莉娜：一个完美的雪人)”，符合文章主旨。故选D。 C Around the world, malnutrition (营养不良) has become a problem that costs $3. 5 trillion per year, according to the latest Global Nutrition Report, which gives an analysis of food and nutrition issues each year. Although most countries have made efforts to deal with poor nutrition and food insecurity, the United States appears to be badly off track, the report found. The world’s largest economy continues to suffer from high rates of obesity, diabetes and anemia, according to the data, and has more than a million overweight children. “Malnutrition is responsible for more ill-health than any other cause. The health consequences of overweight and obesity contribute to about four million deaths globally,” Corinna Hawkes, director of the Center for Food Policy, wrote in the report. According to the study, most countries have at least two issues related to malnutrition. The most serious issues are children who are either overweight, anemic, diabetes or suffer from stunted growth. India has the highest number of malnourished children in the world. Many of them are “stunted”, meaning they are too short for their age. Overall, malnutrition contributes to about half of all childhood deaths, the research showed. And those affected may not be able to get as good of a job as they could have, if they had been well-fed. It also prevents them from being able to contribute to society, and the economy, as well as they would have in a healthier environment. According to experts, fixing malnutrition comes with a $70 billion price tag, but compared with what it takes to maintain costs associated with the condition, that figure is relatively small. 28. What does the report find about malnutrition? A. It has turned into a worldwide trouble. B. It has got attention from every country. C. It has become an easy issue to deal with. D It has destroyed the economy completely. 29. Which is not included in the most serious issues caused by malnutrition? A. Anemic. B. Obesity. C. Diabetes. D. Heart disease. 30. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “stunted” in paragraph 4? A. Unknown. B. Undeveloped. C. Physical. D. Psychological. 31. What does the author want to say about fixing malnutrition in the last paragraph? A. It can be costly but worthwhile. B. It can cost much time. C. It can create a healthiest environment. D. It can provide more jobs. 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球营养不良问题的现状、影响以及解决措施。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Around the world, malnutrition has become a problem that costs $3. 5 trillion per year, according to the latest Global Nutrition Report, which gives an analysis of food and nutrition issues each year.(根据最新的《全球营养报告》，营养不良已成为一个全球性问题，每年造成3.5万亿美元的损失。该报告每年对粮食和营养问题进行分析。)”可知，营养不良已成为一个全球性问题。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The most serious issues are children who are either overweight, anemic, diabetes or suffer from stunted growth.(最严重的问题是儿童超重、贫血、糖尿病或发育迟缓。)”可知，心脏病并不包括在营养不良引起的最严重的问题中。故选D。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Many of them are “stunted”, meaning they are too short for their age.(他们中的许多人“stunted”，意思是他们的身高与年龄不符，太矮了。)”可知，许多孩子发育迟缓，与他们的年龄相比太矮了，由此可推知，stunted意为“未充分发育的，发育不良的”，与Undeveloped意思相近。故选B。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“According to experts, fixing malnutrition comes with a $70 billion price tag, but compared with what it takes to maintain costs associated with the condition, that figure is relatively small.(据专家称，解决营养不良问题需要700亿美元，但与维持与营养不良相关的成本相比，这个数字相对较小。)”可知，解决营养不良问题需要花费700亿美元，但是与维持营养不良相关的成本相比，这个数字相对较小，由此可推知，作者想说的是解决营养不良问题虽然成本高，但是值得的。故选A。 D People’s voices frighten wildlife even more than the snarls (低吼) of lions, suggesting that we are the scariest animals. Giraffes, elephants, and more than a dozen other species of animals in a South African wildlife reserve ran away from loudspeakers twice as often when they heard the sounds of humans compared with those of lions, found by a study led by Michael Clinchy at the University of Western Ontario in Canada. “This is a protected area, so these animals should not be fearful of us,” he says, “but if you’re a wildlife tourist, or a poacher (盗猎者), or whatever, you’re all going to be regarded as the same thing. The presence of the human is equally dangerous, regardless of what type of human you are. ” Clinchy and his workmates set up loudspeakers and cameras on trees 10 meters away from animals paths near 21 waterholes in Greater Kruger National Park, South Africa, which hosts one of the largest remaining lion populations in the world. When animals approached the waterholes, the speakers automatically (自动地) played recordings. These included men and women speaking calmly in local languages, lion snarling, gun shots with or without barking dogs and the calls of regional birds. The researchers found that wildlife except lions ran around in response to human voices more than to any other sounds, and were also 40 percent quicker to escape. The findings highlighted the damaging impact that our presence could be having significant ecological consequences. Even so, human voices could lead to positive outcomes as well. They might prevent wildlife from entering crop fields or farms. 32. Why are some animals fearful of human beings? A. Human beings are too sociable. B. Human beings are the strongest in the world. C. Human beings may have caused great damage. D. Human beings can make the loudest voice in the world. 33. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. There are a total of 21 waterholes. B. The recordings contain various sounds. C. It has the largest remaining lion populations. D. Local people’s activities are easy to be recorded. 34. Which animals responded to human voices least? A. Elephants. B. Giraffes. C. Dogs. D. Lions. 35. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The protection of wildlife. B. The influences of human voices. C. The significant ecological outcomes. D. The damaging impact of our presence. 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现南非野生动物保护区内的动物听到人类声音比听到狮子吼声更易逃跑，人类声音对野生动物有影响，既可能有生态后果，也可能有积极作用。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段““This is a protected area, so these animals should not be fearful of us,” he says, “but if you’re a wildlife tourist, or a poacher (盗猎者), or whatever, you’re all going to be regarded as the same thing. The presence of the human is equally dangerous, regardless of what type of human you are.(“这是一个保护区，所以这些动物不应该害怕我们，”他说，“但如果你是一名野生动物游客，或者是一名盗猎者，或者其他什么人，你们都会被视为同样的东西。无论你是什么类型的人，人类的存在同样危险。”)”可知，动物害怕人类是因为人类可能对它们造成了很大的伤害，比如盗猎等。故选C项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“These included men and women speaking calmly in local languages, lion snarling, gun shots with or without barking dogs and the calls of regional birds.(这些声音包括男女用当地语言平静地交谈、狮子咆哮、有或没有狗叫声的枪声以及当地鸟类的叫声。)”可知，录音中包含了各种声音。故选B项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The researchers found that wildlife except lions ran around in response to human voices more than to any other sounds, and were also 40 percent quicker to escape.(研究人员发现，除狮子外，野生动物对人类声音的反应比对其他任何声音的反应都更强烈，逃跑速度也快40%。)”可知，狮子对人类声音的反应最小。故选D项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The findings highlighted the damaging impact that our presence could be having significant ecological consequences. Even so, human voices could lead to positive outcomes as well. They might prevent wildlife from entering crop fields or farms.(研究结果强调了我们的存在可能产生的破坏性影响，可能产生重大的生态后果。即便如此，人类的声音也可能带来积极的结果。它们可能会阻止野生动物进入农田或农场。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了人类声音的影响，包括破坏性影响和积极影响。B选项“The influences of human voices.( 人类声音的影响。)”符合题意。故选B项。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For many people, travel is a necessary part of celebrating the holidays with loved ones. But you may face delays and many hours of sitting that can harm you mentally and physically. ____36____ Take control of your posture and breathing When you sit for long periods while traveling, your posture often suffers. It’s a vicious (恶性的)cycle that increases physical and mental tension. ____37____ In this way it definitely can help restore your posture and cultivate a sense of calm while traveling. ____38____ Those muscle pains you experience on the road may have a lot to do with your fluid (液体)intake. Considering that our bodies are mostly water, hydration (补水)is important for proper circulation. Your access to drinking water may be limited while traveling, so it’s important to plan ahead. Stand and walk every opportunity you can Studies regarding the health dangers of prolonged sitting are beyond count, yet few people seem to make an effort to avoid it while traveling. Break up bouts of sitting by taking advantage of opportunities to stand and walk around whenever possible. ____39____ When traveling by car, find a park or even a shop where you can get out and take a 10-minute walk. Get enough sleep This is especially true if you have traveled to a different time zone. ____40____ Making up for any lack of sleep can be beneficial to your health and wellness. A. Do more exercise. B. Take a nap, if necessary. C. It’s necessary to sleep regularly. D. Drink enough nonalcoholic fluids. E. Try these tips below to reduce stress and tension. F. When traveling by air, take a walk around your terminal. G. That means it’s important to control your breathing at least once an hour. 【答案】36. E 37. G 38. D 39. F 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了假日出行时，为应对延误和久坐带来的身心伤害，可采取的几项实用健康小贴士。 【36题详解】 根据上文“But you may face delays and many hours of sitting that can harm you mentally and physically.(但你可能会面临延误和数小时的久坐，这些都会对你的身心造成伤害。)”以及下文各段标题“Take control of your posture and breathing”“Stand and walk every opportunity you can”等健康建议可知，此处应衔接上文的出行痛点，引出下文的解决办法，E选项“Try these tips below to reduce stress and tension.(试试下面这些小贴士来减轻压力和紧张)”中的these tips指代下文的各项建议，既呼应上文的身心伤害问题，又起到引出下文的过渡作用，符合语境。故选E项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“When you sit for long periods while traveling, your posture often suffers. It’s a vicious (恶性的) cycle that increases physical and mental tension.(出行时久坐，你的坐姿通常会变差。这是一个加剧身心紧张的恶性循环)”以及下文“In this way it definitely can help restore your posture and cultivate a sense of calm while traveling.(这样做肯定有助于在旅行中恢复你的坐姿，并培养一种平静的感觉)”可知，此处应介绍“控制坐姿和呼吸”的具体做法，且与“呼吸”相关，G选项“That means it’s important to control your breathing at least once an hour.(这意味着每小时至少控制一次呼吸很重要)”中的control your breathing呼应本段标题中的breathing，in this way指代控制呼吸的做法，与下文的效果衔接自然，符合语境。故选G项。 【38题详解】 根据下文“Those muscle pains you experience on the road may have a lot to do with your fluid (液体)intake. Considering that our bodies are mostly water, hydration (补水) is important for proper circulation. Your access to drinking water may be limited while traveling, so it’s important to plan ahead.(你在路上感受到的那些肌肉疼痛可能与你的液体摄入量有很大关系。考虑到我们的身体大部分是水，补水对正常循环很重要。旅行时你获得饮用水的机会可能有限，所以提前规划很重要)”可知，本段核心围绕“出行时补充液体”展开，D选项“Drink enough nonalcoholic fluids.(饮用足够的不含酒精的液体)”既概括了本段主旨，又符合小标题的句式特点，与其他段落标题结构一致，符合语境。故选D项。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Break up bouts of sitting by taking advantage of opportunities to stand and walk around whenever possible.(尽可能利用机会站起来走动，打破久坐的状态)”以及下文“When traveling by car, find a park or even a shop where you can get out and take a 10-minute walk.(开车旅行时，找一个公园甚至一家商店，下车走10分钟)”可知，此处应举例说明不同出行方式下“站起来走动”的具体做法，且与下文的开车出行形成并列，F选项“When traveling by air, take a walk around your terminal.(乘飞机旅行时，在航站楼周围走走)”中的traveling by air与下文的traveling by car对应，均为不同出行场景的建议，衔接自然，符合语境。故选F项。 【40题详解】 根据上文“This is especially true if you have traveled to a different time zone.(如果你去了不同的时区，这一点尤其重要)”以及下文“Making up for any lack of sleep can be beneficial to your health and wellness.(弥补睡眠不足对你的身心健康有益)”可知，本段核心围绕“出行时保证充足睡眠”展开，此处应介绍补充睡眠的具体做法，B选项“Take a nap, if necessary.(如果有必要，打个盹)”中的take a nap是补充睡眠的常见方式，既呼应本段标题又与下文“弥补睡眠不足”的效果衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Charlie was a Boxer dog whose life was miserable. The owner ____41____ him. After a few days, Charlie came into the rescue program that my husband and I ____42____ for, and we became his foster family while he waited for his forever ____43____. At 5 years old, Charlie was pretty set in his ways. He was not a very happy dog, was somewhat ____44____ and not very active. Our two young dogs , his companions, both under 2, spent several weeks being snapped at, and we couldn’t really let our guard down around him because we didn’t fully ____45____ him either. He didn’t like to be ____46____ or kissed. After Charlie was with us for about a month, we noticed some ____47____ in him. He ____48____ a few pounds and became more active and was getting well along with our dogs. He was more ____49____ around us, letting us give him hugs and kisses. After about two months, you would not have believed it was the ____50____ dog. He was now a typical ____51____ Boxer boy, full of happy faces, hugs and kisses. I realize now that we really do a ____52____ thing, and we give these dogs a second chance when someone else may not have ____53____ to try. All it took was some kind words, some ____54____ on the head, lots of hugs and some kisses. What’s so ____55____ about that? 41. A. warned B. abandoned C. abused D. hated 42. A. volunteered B. looked C. called D. prepared 43. A. companions B. parents C. home D. room 44. A. crazy B. stupid C. ugly D. overweight 45. A. trust B. understand C. recognize D. value 46. A. hugged B. fed C. fostered D. helped 47. A. worries B. changes C. confusion D. embarrassment 48. A. gave B. got C. dropped D. saved 49. A. disappointed B. depressed C. attractive D. comfortable 50. A. same B. lost C. cute D. happy 51. A. moving B. interesting C. loving D. outstanding 52. A. new B. obvious C. unexpected D. special 53. A. promised B. bothered C. decided D. disturbed 54. A. tests B. hits C. pats D. praises 55 A. boring B. wrong C. scary D. hard 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者救助一只遭遗弃、自闭且超重的拳师犬Charlie的故事。在作者的关爱与耐心照料下，Charlie重获新生，变得活泼且充满爱意。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：主人抛弃了他。A. warned警告；B. abandoned抛弃；C. abused虐待；D. hated讨厌。根据上文“Charlie was a Boxer dog whose life was miserable.(查理是一只拳师犬，它的生活十分悲惨)”及后文“we became his foster family”可知，查理被主人抛弃了。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，查理加入了我们夫妇志愿服务的救援项目，在等待找到永久的家的这段时间里，我们成了他的寄养家庭。A. volunteered志愿做；B. looked看；C. called打电话；D. prepared准备。根据前文“the rescue program”及后文“and we became his foster family”可知，查理参加了作者和丈夫志愿服务的救助项目，作者家成为了他的寄养家庭，故选A。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，查理加入了我们夫妇志愿服务的救援项目，在等待找到永久的家的这段时间里，我们成了他的寄养家庭。A. companions同伴；B. parents父母；C. home家；D. room房间。根据上文“we became his foster family while he waited for his forever”可知，他们成为了他的寄养家庭，直到他找到永远的家。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它并不是一只非常快乐的狗，体重有点超标，而且也不怎么活跃。A. crazy疯狂的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. ugly丑陋的；D. overweight超重的。后文提到他“dropped a few pounds(掉了几磅肉)”，说明他之前是超重的。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们那两只年幼的狗狗（它们是他的伙伴）都不到两岁，它们好几次遭到了攻击，而我们也不能完全放松警惕，因为他我们也不完全信任他。A. trust信任；B. understand理解；C. recognize认可；D. value重视。根据上文“we couldn’t really let our guard down around him because we didn’t fully”可知，因为不完全信任他，所以不敢放松。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不喜欢被人拥抱或亲吻。A. hugged拥抱；B. fed喂养；C. fostered培养；D. helped帮助。与后面的“kissed”并列，且后文提到后来他开始接受“hugs and kisses”，形成对比。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在查理和我们在一起大约一个月后，我们发现他有了些变化。A. worries担心；B. changes改变；C. confusion困惑；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据后文“a few pounds and became more active and was getting well along with our dogs”可知，本段描述的都是他的积极转变。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他体重减轻了几磅，变得更有活力了，而且和我们的狗相处得也很好。A. gave给予；B. got获得；C. dropped下降；D. saved挽救。根据后文“a few pounds and became more active”以及上文提到超重，可知体重下降，故选C。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他和我们在一起时感觉更自在了，还让我们去拥抱他、亲吻他。A. disappointed失望的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据后文“letting us give him hugs and kisses”可知，他开始接受拥抱，说明他感到舒适和放松。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约两个月后，你根本不会相信这就是同一只狗了。A. same一样的；B. lost迷失的；C. cute可爱的；D. happy快乐的。根据上文“After about two months, you would not have believed”可知，强调变化之大，看起来完全不像同一只狗了。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他现在是个典型的充满爱心的拳师犬，满脸幸福，喜欢拥抱和亲吻。A. moving感人的；B. interesting有趣的；C. loving充满爱心的；D. outstanding出色的。根据后文“full of happy faces, hugs and kisses”体现了他的爱与被爱。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我明白了，我们确实做了一件特别的事情，当我们看到其他人可能不愿去尝试的时候，我们却给了这些狗狗第二次机会。A. new新的；B. obvious显然的；C. unexpected意外的；D. special特别的。根据上文“Boxer boy, full of happy faces, hugs and kisses”可知，看到狗的改变，作者认为救助并改变生命是一件特别有意义的事。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我明白了，我们确实做了一件特别的事情，当我们看到其他人可能不愿去尝试的时候，我们却给了这些狗狗第二次机会。A. promised承诺；B. bothered麻烦；C. decided决定；D. disturbed打扰。根据上文“we give these dogs a second chance when someone else may not have”可知，其他人可能懒得去尝试的时候，他们却给了这些狗狗第二次机会。bother to do sth表示“费心去尝试”。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所需要的就是一些亲切的话语、一些轻拍头部的动作、大量的拥抱以及一些亲吻。A. tests测试；B. hits打击；C. pats轻拍；D. praises赞美。根据后文“on the head”可知，对狗表达喜爱的常见动作是拍拍头。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那有什么难的呢？A. boring无聊的；B. wrong错误的；C. scary吓人的；D. hard困难的。根据上文“All it took was some kind words, some 14 on the head, lots of hugs and some kisses.”可知，作者反问这有什么难的，意在表达：给予爱其实很简单，不明白为什么原主人做不到。故选D。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Chinese scientist and Nobel Prize winner Tu Youyou heard that the World Health Organization declared China free of malaria in June last year, she was thrilled. ____56____, her joy was quickly mixed with a sense of urgency and ____57____ (responsible) to rid more regions around the world of the contagious (接触性传染的) disease. When the COVID-19 outbreak began in late 2019, Tu ____58____ (make) a phone call to the academy, ____59____ (encourage) fellow researchers to tap into the potential of a ____60____ (tradition) Chinese medicine (TCM) in fighting the novel coronavirus. Qinghaosu, ____61____ (extract) from sweet wormwood, is the core compound of the most effective malaria-fighting drug known so far. Its discovery, ____62____ was led by Tu in 1972, has won her a number of honors, including a Nobel Prize in 2015. Fifty years later, qinghaosu continues to charm Tu and other ____63____ (scientist) for its potential role in treating other illnesses. It has also become ____64____ symbol of TCM’s contribution to global health. Last year, President Xi Jinping said that by promoting the global use of qinghaosu, China has helped save millions of lives worldwide and the country hopes to join efforts with the world to meet global challenges together ____65____ build a global community of health for all. 【答案】56. However 57. responsibility 58. made 59. encouraging 60. traditional 61. extracted 62. which 63. scientists 64. a 65. and 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了诺贝尔医学奖得主屠呦呦在全球抗疟及抗疫中的贡献，以及青蒿素对全球健康的深远影响。 【56题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，她的喜悦很快被一种紧迫感和责任感所取代，她要在世界更多地区根除这种接触性传染病。根据“she was thrilled”及“her joy was quickly mixed with a sense of urgency”可知，上下文为转折关系，应用副词However。故填However。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，她喜悦很快被一种紧迫感和责任感所取代，她要在世界更多地区根除这种接触性传染病。此空与名词“urgency”并列，应用名词responsibility，意为“责任”，作宾语。故填 responsibility。 【58题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：2019年底新冠疫情开始时，屠呦呦给研究院打了电话，鼓励研究员们挖掘传统中药在对抗新冠病毒中的潜力。根据时间状语“in late 2019”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时made。故填made。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年底新冠疫情开始时，屠呦呦给研究院打了电话，鼓励研究员们挖掘传统中药在对抗新冠病毒中的潜力。Tu与encourage是主谓关系，此空应用现在分词encouraging，作状语。故填encouraging。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意：2019年底新冠疫情开始时，屠呦呦给研究院打了电话，鼓励研究员们挖掘传统中药在对抗新冠病毒中的潜力。此空修饰名词短语“Chinese medicines”，应用形容词traditional，意为“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：青蒿素从青蒿中提取，是目前已知最有效的抗疟药物的核心化合物。句中已有谓语is，此空应是非谓语形式，Qinghaosu与extract是动宾关系，应用过去分词extracted。故填extracted。 【62题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1972年由屠呦呦领导的这一发现为她赢得了多项荣誉，包括2015年的诺贝尔奖。此空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词discovery，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意：50年后，青蒿素继续吸引着屠呦呦和其他科学家，因为它在治疗其他疾病方面具有潜力。根据“other”可知，此空应用可数名词复数scientists，意为“科学家”，作宾语。故填scientists。 【64题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它也已经成为中医药为全球健康做出贡献的一个象征。此处泛指“一个”象征，且symbol以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【65题详解】 考查连词。句意：去年，习近平主席表示，通过推动青蒿素的全球使用，中国帮助拯救了全球数百万人的生命，中国希望与世界各国共同应对全球挑战，构建人类卫生健康共同体。“meet global challenges together”与“build a global community of health for all”是并列关系，此空应用并列连词and。故填and。 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你所在的学校将举办音乐节活动。你给英国朋友Peter写一份邮件，请他帮忙推荐一首值得演唱的外语歌曲。内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 简单介绍音乐节； 3. 表示感谢。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, How’s everything going? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, How’s everything going? I am writing to seek your valuable recommendation for an English song that will be fit for me to sing in the music festival, which is to be held in the school hall next Friday afternoon. At the beginning of the music festival, some famous singers and pianists are to give us a wonderful performance, then I will have a golden chance to share an English song with all of them, which I think will be a great experience. I would appreciate it if you could do me the favor. Hopefully, you can attend it and you won’t regret it either. Looking forward to your reply soon. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给Peter写一封邮件，请他推荐一首值得演唱的外语歌，以便参加学校即将举办的音乐节活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 推荐：recommendation→proposal 著名的：famous→notable 回复：reply→response 感激：appreciate→be grateful 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：At the beginning of the music festival, some famous singers and pianists are to give us a wonderful performance, then I will have a golden chance to share an English song with all of them, which I think will be a great experience. 拓展句：At the beginning of the music festival, some famous singers and pianists are to give us a wonderful performance, after which I will have a golden chance to share an English song with all of them, which I think will be a great experience. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to seek your valuable recommendation for an English song that will be fit for me to sing in the music festival, which is to be held in the school hall next Friday afternoon.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】At the beginning of the music festival, some famous singers and pianists are to give us a wonderful performance, then I will have a golden chance to share an English song with all of them, which I think will be a great experience.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny morning. I was sitting at my desk in class, staring out the window and daydreaming. Suddenly, I heard a soft voice beside me. “Hi, my name is Alex. I’m eight. What’s your name?” I turned to see a new kid sitting next to me. He had a warm smile on his face and kind eyes. From that moment on, Alex and I became the best friends. After class, we would race each other on the playground and play hide-and-seek. Alex was always the fastest runner, but I was the master hider. We laughed until our bellies hurt. One day, I noticed Alex seemed a bit quieter than usual. When I asked him what was wrong. I could see the sadness in his eyes as he explained that his parents were moving to another city far away. “I’m really going to miss you, Alex,” I said, giving him a big hug. “Me too,” he replied softly. “But we’ll always be best friends.” A few weeks later, it was Alex’s last day at our school. I made him a friendship bracelet (手环), a black wooden one. In my neatest handwriting, I wrote “Best Friends Forever” on a little card and attached it to the bracelet. When I gave Alex the bracelet, he had a huge smile on his face. “This is awesome! I’ll never take it off, I promise.” He immediately put it on his wrist. As time went on, we gradually lost contact. I never forgot about my best friend though, and I always wondered what had happened to him. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ten years later, as I was walking across campus, I saw someone strangely familiar. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As we were getting ready to say goodbye, Alex showed his wrist to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Ten years later as I was walking across campus, I saw someone strangely familiar. He had the same warm smile and kind eyes that I remembered so well. “Alex?” I called out. “Alex, is that you?” The young man turned towards me with a confused look on his face. Suddenly, his eyes widened. “Wow, it’s you!” We ran towards each other and gave a big bear hug, laughing and crying at the same time. After all those years, we had finally found each other again. Looking at my childhood best friend, I couldn’t help but smile from ear to ear. “Well, you definitely got a lot taller! How have you been, Alex?” As we were getting ready to say goodbye, Alex showed his wrist to me. “Hey, remember this? I told you I’d never take it off.” He was wearing the friendship bracelet I had made him all those years ago. It was faded and frayed, but still intact. Tears filled my eyes as I pulled Alex into another tight hug. “Best friends forever,” I whispered. No matter how much time went by or how far apart we were, the bond Alex and I shared could never be broken. Our friendship was something truly special — a treasure to be held in our hearts forever. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者与亚历克斯的友谊为线索展开，讲述了两人小学时相识并成为挚友，亚历克斯因父母搬家转学，作者送他刻有“永远的好朋友”的手环作纪念，此后两人逐渐失去联系，但作者始终牵挂着亚历克斯的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“十年后，当我穿过大学校园时，看到了一个异常熟悉的人。”可知，第一段可描写作者认出亚历克斯，两人重逢相拥，激动不已，寒暄近况，感慨时光流逝。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我们准备道别时，亚历克斯向我展示了他的手腕。”可知，第二段可描写亚历克斯仍戴着当年的友谊手环，作者深受感动，两人重申永恒的友谊，这份羁绊从未因时光和距离消散。 2. 续写线索：校园偶遇熟悉身影——认出彼此相拥叙旧——道别时亚历克斯展示手环——手环见证友谊长存——领悟友谊的珍贵 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①大喊：call out/shout ②拥抱：give a big bear hug/embrace ③佩戴：wear/have on 情绪类 ①困惑：confused/puzzled ②感动：tears filled my eyes/moved 【点睛】[高分句型1] He had the same warm smile and kind eyes that I remembered so well.（运用了that引导定语从句） [高分句型2] No matter how much time went by or how far apart we were, the bond Alex and I shared could never be broken.（运用了no matter how引导让步状语从句，省略that引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 沅澧共同体2024届高一期末考试（试题卷） 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19. 15 B. £ 9. 18 C. £ 9. 15 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Take a break. B. Have breakfast. C. Get back to work. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman feel now? A. Relaxed. B. Confident. C. Worried. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Foggy. C. Snowy. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a car. C. In a shop. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the man doing? A. Closing the window. B. Doing his homework. C. Turning on the air conditioner. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. How long did Peter stay in Wellington? A. Four weeks. B. Three weeks. C. One week. 7. Why does Peter suggest going to Auckland in October? A. The scenery is beautiful. B. Hotels are not expensive. C. There are fewer tourists. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A cooking class. B. A small party. C. An art show. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Who is Julia? A. Their professor. B. Their high-school classmate. C. The chairman of their company. 11. Where is Julia now? A. In Beijing. B. In New York. C. In California. 12. What did Julia invite the speakers to do? A. Attend her art lesson. B. Get together with her. C. Work at Peking University. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What are the speakers planning for the holiday? A. A small trip. B. A happy shopping. C. A birthday party. 14. When will the speakers arrive at the mountain village ? A. At 2:30 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 6:30 pm. 15. What will the speakers do on Saturday morning? A. Climb a mountain. B. Have a picnic. C. Try local food. 16. What does the woman remind the man to do? A. Leave early. B. Bring some suits. C. Keep his phone available. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Where will the students go this Friday? A. The Science Museum. B. The Agriculture Museum. C. The Natural History Museum. 18. What are the students required to do this Wednesday? A. Hand in the form. B. Buy the ticket and food. C. Invite their parents to the trip. 19. How will the students go to the museum? A. By subway. B. By school bus. C. On foot. 20. How much should each student pay for food? A. $9. B. $11. C. $20. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many common household items that non-toxic (无毒的) and that work well for killing weeds. Vinegar White vinegar is perfectly fine for weed killing. Spray (喷洒) it directly on the leaves of the disliked plant and be careful not to overspray, as a bit of wind can carry the chemicals onto other plants you’d like to keep. Also try to avoid dropping vinegar into the soil, as it will make it harder for anything to grow there. Fire Using a kitchen burner or flame-weeder tool to apply heat directly to the leaves and roots of the weed is a fine way of getting rid of them, but be careful not to burn the entire neighborhood down. Anywhere there is dried material, you should use fire with extra care. Boiling water It is especially good for weed killing on the sidewalks or driveways. You can boil the water to 100 degrees in a container, which is better, as it makes it easier and safer to pour, as well as gives an exact weed-killing. Salt Salt is a great weed-killer and can be added to vinegar or hot water sprays, but when it goes into the earth nothing can grow. Add a little dish soap to help the salt stick to the leaves, and be careful where you aim. Spraying the soil will damage it, while hitting other plants you like may kill them too. 21. Why should we spray only a little vinegar on leaves? A. To get rid of the chemicals. B. To save the vinegar. C. To protect the plants we like. D. To improve the soil. 22. Which item is especially suitable to kill the weeds on the driveways? A. Vinegar. B. Fire. C. Boiling water. D. Salt. 23. Where can this text come from? A. A science report. B. A personal diary. C. A cooking book. D. A gardening magazine. B If asked to pick a most joyful experience in my childhood, I would have to pick making our snow lady in the winter of 1952. My dad George Hyndman, was a wonderful, creative guy who always spared time from his busy schedule to make fun for his children. It snowed heavily in winter, and one afternoon Dad got my brother Nicholls, my sister Twila and I to help build a snowwoman. She was 6 feet tall at the shoulders. Dad had to roll the last few feet of the base because we could not move it. After we rolled the midsection, Dad strained to lift it atop the base. After he added a head, we gathered more snow and Dad sculpted two arms extending from her broad shoulders. Finding coal for her eyes, nose, smile and buttons was easy in those days. Then she was perfect! Drivers slowed down all day to get a good look at her. The next day was lovely and warm, which softened her on one side. Slowly she began to lean, bending farther and farther. Would her head and arms last? At night, the freezing temperatures firmed her up, but by the third day her nose nearly touched the ground. Despite the transformation, we kids gave her a beautiful name: Lena the Snow Lady. Lena’s gigantic(巨大的)shining white figure lasted six days in our front yard. 24 What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To present an idea. B. To introduce the topic. C. To entertain the readers. D. To have a discussion. 25 The snowwoman was softened on one side because of ___________. A. huge body. B. warm temperatures. C. lovely drivers. D. naughty children. 26. How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A. Cheerful. B. Anxious. C. Curious. D. Hopeful. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Twila: a lovely kid B. Nicholls: a warm helper C George Hyndman: a creative father D. Lena the Snow Lady: a perfect snowwoman C Around the world, malnutrition (营养不良) has become a problem that costs $3. 5 trillion per year, according to the latest Global Nutrition Report, which gives an analysis of food and nutrition issues each year. Although most countries have made efforts to deal with poor nutrition and food insecurity, the United States appears to be badly off track, the report found. The world’s largest economy continues to suffer from high rates of obesity, diabetes and anemia, according to the data, and has more than a million overweight children. “Malnutrition is responsible for more ill-health than any other cause. The health consequences of overweight and obesity contribute to about four million deaths globally,” Corinna Hawkes, director of the Center for Food Policy, wrote in the report. According to the study, most countries have at least two issues related to malnutrition. The most serious issues are children who are either overweight, anemic, diabetes or suffer from stunted growth. India has the highest number of malnourished children in the world. Many of them are “stunted”, meaning they are too short for their age. Overall, malnutrition contributes to about half of all childhood deaths, the research showed. And those affected may not be able to get as good of a job as they could have, if they had been well-fed. It also prevents them from being able to contribute to society, and the economy, as well as they would have in a healthier environment. According to experts, fixing malnutrition comes with a $70 billion price tag, but compared with what it takes to maintain costs associated with the condition, that figure is relatively small. 28. What does the report find about malnutrition? A. It has turned into a worldwide trouble. B. It has got attention from every country. C. It has become an easy issue to deal with. D. It has destroyed the economy completely. 29. Which is not included in the most serious issues caused by malnutrition? A. Anemic. B. Obesity. C. Diabetes. D. Heart disease. 30. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “stunted” in paragraph 4? A. Unknown. B. Undeveloped. C. Physical. D. Psychological. 31. What does the author want to say about fixing malnutrition in the last paragraph? A. It can be costly but worthwhile. B. It can cost much time. C. It can create a healthiest environment. D. It can provide more jobs. D People’s voices frighten wildlife even more than the snarls (低吼) of lions, suggesting that we are the scariest animals. Giraffes, elephants, and more than a dozen other species of animals in a South African wildlife reserve ran away from loudspeakers twice as often when they heard the sounds of humans compared with those of lions, found by a study led by Michael Clinchy at the University of Western Ontario in Canada. “This is a protected area, so these animals should not be fearful of us,” he says, “but if you’re a wildlife tourist, or a poacher (盗猎者), or whatever, you’re all going to be regarded as the same thing. The presence of the human is equally dangerous, regardless of what type of human you are. ” Clinchy and his workmates set up loudspeakers and cameras on trees 10 meters away from animals paths near 21 waterholes in Greater Kruger National Park, South Africa, which hosts one of the largest remaining lion populations in the world. When animals approached the waterholes, the speakers automatically (自动地) played recordings. These included men and women speaking calmly in local languages, lion snarling, gun shots with or without barking dogs and the calls of regional birds. The researchers found that wildlife except lions ran around in response to human voices more than to any other sounds, and were also 40 percent quicker to escape. The findings highlighted the damaging impact that our presence could be having significant ecological consequences. Even so, human voices could lead to positive outcomes as well. They might prevent wildlife from entering crop fields or farms. 32. Why are some animals fearful of human beings? A. Human beings are too sociable. B. Human beings are the strongest in the world. C. Human beings may have caused great damage. D. Human beings can make the loudest voice in the world. 33. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. There are a total of 21 waterholes. B. The recordings contain various sounds. C. It has the largest remaining lion populations. D. Local people’s activities are easy to be recorded. 34. Which animals responded to human voices least? A. Elephants. B. Giraffes. C. Dogs. D. Lions. 35. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The protection of wildlife. B. The influences of human voices. C. The significant ecological outcomes. D. The damaging impact of our presence. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For many people, travel is a necessary part of celebrating the holidays with loved ones. But you may face delays and many hours of sitting that can harm you mentally and physically. ____36____ Take control of your posture and breathing When you sit for long periods while traveling, your posture often suffers. It’s a vicious (恶性的)cycle that increases physical and mental tension. ____37____ In this way it definitely can help restore your posture and cultivate a sense of calm while traveling. ____38____ Those muscle pains you experience on the road may have a lot to do with your fluid (液体)intake. Considering that our bodies are mostly water, hydration (补水)is important for proper circulation. Your access to drinking water may be limited while traveling, so it’s important to plan ahead. Stand and walk every opportunity you can Studies regarding the health dangers of prolonged sitting are beyond count, yet few people seem to make an effort to avoid it while traveling. Break up bouts of sitting by taking advantage of opportunities to stand and walk around whenever possible. ____39____ When traveling by car, find a park or even a shop where you can get out and take a 10-minute walk. Get enough sleep This is especially true if you have traveled to a different time zone. ____40____ Making up for any lack of sleep can be beneficial to your health and wellness. A. Do more exercise. B. Take a nap, if necessary. C. It’s necessary to sleep regularly. D. Drink enough nonalcoholic fluids. E. Try these tips below to reduce stress and tension. F. When traveling by air, take a walk around your terminal. G. That means it’s important to control your breathing at least once an hour. 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Charlie was a Boxer dog whose life was miserable. The owner ____41____ him. After a few days, Charlie came into the rescue program that my husband and I ____42____ for, and we became his foster family while he waited for his forever ____43____. At 5 years old, Charlie was pretty set in his ways. He was not a very happy dog, was somewhat ____44____ and not very active. Our two young dogs , his companions, both under 2, spent several weeks being snapped at, and we couldn’t really let our guard down around him because we didn’t fully ____45____ him either. He didn’t like to be ____46____ or kissed. After Charlie was with us for about a month, we noticed some ____47____ in him. He ____48____ a few pounds and became more active and was getting well along with our dogs. He was more ____49____ around us, letting us give him hugs and kisses. After about two months, you would not have believed it was the ____50____ dog. He was now a typical ____51____ Boxer boy, full of happy faces, hugs and kisses. I realize now that we really do a ____52____ thing, and we give these dogs a second chance when someone else may not have ____53____ to try. All it took was some kind words, some ____54____ on the head, lots of hugs and some kisses. What’s so ____55____ about that? 41. A. warned B. abandoned C. abused D. hated 42. A. volunteered B. looked C. called D. prepared 43. A. companions B. parents C. home D. room 44. A. crazy B. stupid C. ugly D. overweight 45. A. trust B. understand C. recognize D. value 46. A. hugged B. fed C. fostered D. helped 47. A. worries B. changes C. confusion D. embarrassment 48. A. gave B. got C. dropped D. saved 49. A. disappointed B. depressed C. attractive D. comfortable 50. A. same B. lost C. cute D. happy 51. A. moving B. interesting C. loving D. outstanding 52. A. new B. obvious C. unexpected D. special 53. A. promised B. bothered C. decided D. disturbed 54. A. tests B. hits C. pats D. praises 55. A. boring B. wrong C. scary D. hard 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Chinese scientist and Nobel Prize winner Tu Youyou heard that the World Health Organization declared China free of malaria in June last year, she was thrilled. ____56____, her joy was quickly mixed with a sense of urgency and ____57____ (responsible) to rid more regions around the world of the contagious (接触性传染的) disease. When the COVID-19 outbreak began in late 2019, Tu ____58____ (make) a phone call to the academy, ____59____ (encourage) fellow researchers to tap into the potential of a ____60____ (tradition) Chinese medicine (TCM) in fighting the novel coronavirus. Qinghaosu, ____61____ (extract) from sweet wormwood, is the core compound of the most effective malaria-fighting drug known so far. Its discovery, ____62____ was led by Tu in 1972, has won her a number of honors, including a Nobel Prize in 2015. Fifty years later, qinghaosu continues to charm Tu and other ____63____ (scientist) for its potential role in treating other illnesses. It has also become ____64____ symbol of TCM’s contribution to global health. Last year, President Xi Jinping said that by promoting the global use of qinghaosu, China has helped save millions of lives worldwide and the country hopes to join efforts with the world to meet global challenges together ____65____ build a global community of health for all. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你所在的学校将举办音乐节活动。你给英国朋友Peter写一份邮件，请他帮忙推荐一首值得演唱的外语歌曲。内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 简单介绍音乐节； 3. 表示感谢。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, How’s everything going? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny morning. I was sitting at my desk in class staring out the window and daydreaming. Suddenly, I heard a soft voice beside me. “Hi, my name is Alex. I’m eight. What’s your name?” I turned to see a new kid sitting next to me. He had a warm smile on his face and kind eyes. From that moment on, Alex and I became the best friends. After class, we would race each other on the playground and play hide-and-seek. Alex was always the fastest runner, but I was the master hider. We laughed until our bellies hurt. One day, I noticed Alex seemed a bit quieter than usual. When I asked him what was wrong. I could see the sadness in his eyes as he explained that his parents were moving to another city far away. “I’m really going to miss you, Alex,” I said, giving him a big hug. “Me too,” he replied softly. “But we’ll always be best friends.” A few weeks later, it was Alex’s last day at our school. I made him a friendship bracelet (手环), a black wooden one. In my neatest handwriting, I wrote “Best Friends Forever” on a little card and attached it to the bracelet. When I gave Alex the bracelet, he had a huge smile on his face. “This is awesome! I’ll never take it off, I promise.” He immediately put it on his wrist. As time went on, we gradually lost contact. I never forgot about my best friend though, and I always wondered what had happened to him. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ten years later, as I was walking across campus, I saw someone strangely familiar. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As we were getting ready to say goodbye, Alex showed his wrist to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $这是常德市高中原理共同体2024年高一期末考试英语科听力部分。该。部分分为第一第二两节。注意回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。现在是听力试音时间。Hello, international friends club. Can I help you? Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today, and I thought i'd phone to find . out a bit more. Certainly, well, we're a sort of social club for people from different countries. It's quite a new club. We have about fifty members at the moment, but we're growing all the time. That sounds interesting. I'm british actually, and I came to washington about three months ago. I'm looking for ways to meet people. Um what kinds of events do you organize? Well, we have . social get togethers and sports events, and we also have language evenings. Could you tell me something about the language evenings? Yes, every day, except thursday, we have a language evening. People can come and practice their languages, you know, over a drinker. something. We have different languages on different evenings, monday spanish, tuesday italian, wednesday german and friday french. On thursday, we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come. Well, that sounds great. I really need to practice my . french OK. Well, if you can just give me your name and address, i'll send you the form and some more information. If you join now, you can have the first month free. 试音到此结束，听力考试正式开始。请看听力部分第一节，第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例如现在你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题，你将听到以下内容。Excuse me, can you tell me how much . the shirt is? Yes, it's nine, fifteen pounds. 你将有5秒钟的时间将正确答案划在试卷上。衬衫的价格为九磅，15便是。所以你选择C项并将其划在试卷上。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Text one Allan, you've been working all morning. I bet you didn't even have breakfast. Why don't you . take a break? You are right. Thanks for noticing. I completely forgot about breakfast. Text too. I'm afraid that I can pass the exam tomorrow. You'll do a great job. I'm sure you just need . to relax. Text three, why don't you take the subway today is too difficult for you to drive in such bad weather. The rain won't stop until afternoon. You're right. Rain is more troublesome than snow. IT leads to port visibility. Text for, oh, I just remember, could you stop at the shop over there? I need to buy some food for dinner. IT won't . take long. Sure, take your time. Text five, jim, could you please help close? The window is too hot. I want to turn on the air conditioner. Okay, but wait a minute. I will finish my homework soon. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍，听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。How was your holiday in new zealand, Peter? You spent a whole month there. Yeah, IT was amazing. Tell me . more about IT. We stayed . in willing ton for a week. Then we flew to oakland, where we spent the rest of the holiday expLoring natural scenic spots there. We saw a lot of wildlife. We also went hiking and set up camp at night. Oh, I hope I can go there one day. The best time to go to walkman is in october, when IT welcomes its most beautiful season. But the hotels might be more expensive because a large group of people will also take trips. Then how was your holiday in new zeal? Peter, you spent a whole month there. Yeah, IT was amazing. Tell me more about IT. We stayed in willing ton for a week. Then we flew to oakland or we spent the rest of the holiday expLoring natural scenic spots there. We saw a lot of wildlife. We also went hiking and set up camp at night. Oh, I hope I can go there one day. The best time to go to walkman is in october, when IT welcomes its most beautiful season. But the hotels might be more expensive because the large group of people will also take trips then. 听下面一段对话，回答第八和第9两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。How's your cooking class. john? It's really great. My teacher is very skilled in patient. I've been thinking about taking the class too. Is IT quite expensive? brother? no. Now in the summer it's only two hundred and twenty. You on. oh, really IT seems like a good deal to . sign up now. absolutely. So what do you usually do? After class. we often watch cooking shows for inspiration, but last night we had a small party. IT was such a fun evening. great. Hope mom will allow me to join you. How's your cooking class. john? It's really great. My teacher is very skilled in patient. I've been thinking about taking the class. Two is IT quite expensive. brother? no. Now in the summer, it's only two hundred and twenty. You on. oh, really IT seems like a good deal to . sign up now. absolutely. So what do you usually do? After class? We often watch cooking shows for inspiration, but last night we had a small party. IT was such a fun evening. great. Hope mom will allow me to join you. 听下面一段对话，回答第十至第十二三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Mary, you'll never guess who I met at the cafeteria. who? Julia. you mean our . former monitor in high school? Yes. how is he doing? I still remember how excEllent SHE was as chairman of the students. S union. SHE graduated from peaking university and then got her masters degree at stanford university and found a job in an accounting company in new york after graduation, but SHE quit her jobs several months ago and moved back to beijing. SHE said SHE wanted to make a contribution to our country. so what is he doing now? SHE gives art lessons at peaking university, her old school, and SHE asked us to visitor if we are free. Oh, i'd love to . mary. You'll never guess why I met at the cafeteria. Who, Julia. you mean our . former monitor in high school? yes. How is he doing? I still remember how excEllent SHE was as chairman of the students and union. SHE graduated from peaking university and then got her masters degree at stanford university and found a job in an accounting company in new york after graduation, but SHE quit her jobs several months ago and moved back to beijing. SHE said SHE wanted to make a contribution to our country. So what is he doing now? He gives . art lessons at peaking university, her old school. And SHE asked us, the visitor, if we are free. Oh, i'd love to. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。What's your plan for the coming three . day holiday? Nothing special. How about you, Peter? Julian, I have decided to go for a picnic. Would you like to join us? I'd love to. Where do you plan to go? Peter will drive us to a mountain village where his parents live. Now that sounds wonderful. Tell me when we will set off. let's start IT for thirty this friday afternoon. We will reach there in two hours. so IT should be evening by the time . we arrive. Yes, we will have a lovely night there. And then on saturday morning, we will go to the foot of the mountain with our luggage and picnic items. Then we will enjoy ourselves all day there. Oh, I guess we will be back home in the evening. No, we planning to stay there for two nights. On the second day, we will start climbing and try some local food that good. So I think I should put at least two suits in my bag and . keep your phone close at hand. I will contact you on the phone one hour before leaving. sure. What's your plan for the coming three day holiday? Nothing special. How about you? Peter? Judy and I have decided to go for a picnic. Would you like to join us? I'd love to. Where do you plan to go? Peter will drive us to a mountain village where his parents live. Now that sounds wonderful. Tell me when we will set off. let's start IT for thirty this friday afternoon. We will reach there in two hours. so we should be evening by the time we arrive. Yes, we will have a lovely night there and there. On saturday morning, we will go to the foot of the mountain with our luggage and picnic items. Then we will enjoy ourselves all day there. Oh, I guess we will be back home in the evening. No, we are planning to stay there for two nights. On the second day, we will start climbing and try some local food there. good. So I think I should put at least two suits in my bag . and keep your phone close at hand. I will contact you on the phone one hour before leaving. sure. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Hello, boys and girls, attention, please. I want to tell you about our field trip this week. Last year, we went to the city planning museum, but this year, it's the natural history museum. m. There's a great exhibition on display, and i'm sure you'll be very interested in IT. It's located in south kensington, near the science museum, and the agriculture museum will set off at nine A. M. This friday. So please ask your parents to fill in the form and return IT to me this wednesday, the day after tomorrow. Then I can count up how many students will join the school. Bus isn't big enough. So we're going by subway now. It's free to get into the museum. So you just have to pay nine dollars for transportation and eleven dollars for food. That's twenty in total. Remember to bring your raincoat because IT may be a wet day. Hello, boys and girls, attention, please. I want to tell you about our field trip this week. Last year, we went to the city planning museum, but this year, it's the natural history museum. There's a great exhibition on display, and i'm sure you'll be very interested in IT. It's located in south kensington, near the science museum, and the agriculture museum will set off at nine A. M. This friday. So please ask your parents to fill in the form and return IT to me this wednesday, the day after tomorrow. Then I can count up how many students will join the school. Bus isn't big enough. So we're going by subway now. It's free to get into the museum. So you just have to pay nine dollars for transportation and eleven dollars for food. That's twenty in total. Remember to bring your raincoat because IT may be a wet day. 第二节到此结束，现在你有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。听力部分到此结束。