精品解析：河南省周口市重点高中2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题

机密★启用前 高二年级1月测评 英 语 （试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why does the woman apologize? A. She couldn’t find her seat. B. She sat in the wrong seat. C. She forgot her homework. 2. What are the speakers probably doing? A. Eating out. B. Cooking dinner. C. Buying food. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school. B. In a shop. C. In a hotel. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The cold weather. B. The university exam. C. The driving test. 5. When will the next train to Bedford leave? A. At 10:50. B. At 11:10. C. At 12:00. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man ask the woman to do first? A. Give an explanation. B. Complete a form. C. Choose an activity. 7. Which activity does the woman plan to choose? A. The hula hooping. B. The egg-and-spoon race. C. The three-legged race. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman like most about her new job? A. The workload. B. The dress rule. C. The workmates. 9. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Visit her former workmates. B. Meet her boss. C. Take a vacation. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What do the speakers pack up for? A. Camping. B. Cleaning. C. Moving. 11. What happened to the man? A. He forgot to bring his lunch. B. He got the time wrong. C. He was sleepless last night. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Workmates. B. Neighbours. C. Classmates. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is Andy’s role in the talent show this year? A. Organizing the event. B. Performing on stage. C. Managing the technical aspects. 14. Which performance does Andy like best? A. The rock song. B. The classical piano piece. C. The comedy routine. 15. What does Andy think of the technical team’s job? A. Disappointing. B. Boring. C. Satisfying. 16. When will the show be on? A. Next Wednesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What type of news report is it? A. National news. B. World news. C. Local news. 18. Who saved the two teenagers? A. A woman. B. A lifeguard. C. An old man. 19. How many people have died since the heat wave began? A. Six. B. Over 10. C. About 40. 20. What do officials suggest swimmers do? A. Avoid beaches. B. Choose rivers. C. Enter the water slowly. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A What is iodine (碘)? Iodine is an element found in seawater or some soils — mostly in coastal areas. A French chemist accidentally discovered it in 1811. Iodine’s name comes from a Greek word meaning violet-coloured. Later in the 1800s, scientists began to understand people need iodine to control their metabolism (新陈代谢) and stay healthy. It is also important for a child’s brain development. One sign of iodine deficiency (缺乏) is an increase in the size of the neck. Adding iodine to salt In the past, experts realized they couldn’t solve the iodine deficiency problem by feeding everyone seaweed and seafood. But they learned iodine can be added to table salt. Iodized salt first became available in 1924. By the 1950s, 70 percent of US households used iodized table salt. Some foods also had iodine. As a result, iodine deficiency in the US became rare. But over the years, processed foods have come to make up a large part of the American diet. Although they contain salt, it isn’t iodized. How much iodine is enough? While most Americans are getting enough iodine through diet, doctors worry this is not the case for women and children — the two groups most likely to be hurt by iodine deficiency. It is advised that all pregnant (怀孕的) and breastfeeding (用母乳喂养的) women get 150 micrograms of iodine each day. As a result, doctors suggest that pregnant or breastfeeding women check labels to make sure the vitamins or supplements they take have iodine. Some studies have linked even mild iodine deficiency to a lower score on an intelligence test known as an intelligence quotient (IQ) test. But experts say there has not yet been enough research to establish exactly how the US population is being affected by iodine deficiency. 1. When was the relationship between iodine and physical health discovered? A. In 1811. B. Later in the 1800s. C. In1924. D. Later in the 1950s. 2. What is the most effective way to solve iodine deficiency? A. By using iodinated salts. B. By adjusting dietary habits. C. By consuming large amounts of seafood. D. By reducing processed foods. 3. Who is most likely to be harmed by iodine deficiency? A. Men. B. Adults. C. Old people. D. Children and women. B Philo Farnsworth was born in Utah in 1906. The house he lived in for the first few years of his life had no electricity. But Philo read about electricity and began to experiment with it. One night, Philo read a magazine about the idea of sending pictures and sound through the air. It said some of the world’s best scientists were using special machines to make a kind of device to send pictures. 14-year-old Philo thought these famous scientists were wrong. He decided that mechanical devices would never work. Philo believed such a device would have to be electronic. All he would have to do was find a way to make electrons do the work. Soon, Philo had an idea for such a receiver. It would trap light in a container and send the light on a line of electrons. Philo called it “light in a bottle”. Philo told his teacher about a device that could capture pictures. He drew a plan for it and gave it to his teacher. Philo’s drawing seemed simple. But it clearly showed the information needed to build a television. Philo’s teacher was Justin Tolman. Many years later, Philo would credit Mr. Tolman with guiding his imagination and helping him open the doors of science. In 1927, Philo turned on a device that was the first working television receiver. In another room was the first television camera. Philo had invented the special camera tube earlier that year. While the image produced on the receiver was not clear, the device worked. In 1930, the government gave Philo patent documents to protect his invention. Still, he became involved in legal disputes (纠纷) with a powerful company. Philo won but faced many business and financial difficulties in his life. He developed over 100 devices that helped make modern television possible. He also developed early radar, invented the first electronic microscope, and worked on developing peaceful uses of atomic energy (原子能). Philo Farnsworth died in 1971. He is considered one of the most important inventors of the 20th century. 4. Which can best describe 14-year-old Philo? A. Questionable and creative. B. Generous and experienced. C. Selfless and hard-working. D. Peace-loving and determined. 5. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Share your kindness to others. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Teachers are key to shaping young minds. D. Actions speak louder than words. 6. Which contribution does NOT belong to Philo Farnsworth? A. The development of early radar. B. First discovery of atomic energy. C. The invention of electronic microscope. D. Various components of modern television. 7. How does the author develop the text? A. By analyzing causes. B. By making comparisons. C. By following time order. D. By questioning the points. C A large and unusual tropical fruit is becoming more popular in the US. The jackfruit (菠萝蜜) is native to India. The big, spiky fruit grows in parts of Asia, South America and the Caribbean. It can weigh from 6 to around 30 kilogrammes. Often used as a meat substitute (替代品), jackfruit has a lot of vitamins and minerals. Its neutral (中性的) flavour works with all kinds of seasonings. Now, with many Americans looking for plant-based alternatives to meat, jackfruit is becoming more popular. This popularity has been growing for several years, noted Robert Schueller, head of marketing at Melissa’s Produce, a specialty produce company based in Los Angeles, California. “It was about five years ago that the fruit started to really take off,” he said. “Vegetarians and vegans found out how this fruit could be used as a meat substitute for pulled pork sandwiches and as a taco meat.” Schueller said Melissa’s sales have increased sharply. The company went from selling a few containers of jackfruit each week to thousands of cases weekly. In many places around the country, jackfruit is appearing not only at vegan and vegetarian restaurants, but also at other places. Tomatillo, for example, a Mexican restaurant in Dobbs Ferry, New York, has a quesadilla and a taco made with jackfruit. In Chicago, Alulu Brewpub serves Vegan Sicilian Jackfruit Flatbread on a menu that also has pork belly. Angela Means, owner of the vegan Jackfruit Café in Los Angeles, California, says people are choosing a vegan diet for many reasons. These factors cover environmental protection, personal health and moral considerations. “We eat meat because of the texture and the spices. Jackfruit is a great substitute” Means said. “We put it in tacos, and we make sandwiches, like a barbecue pulled ‘pork’.” Jackfruit Café also serves a “fish patty” made of jackfruit and seaweed. Means said her restaurant tries to educate people in the community about jackfruit and meat substitutes. She predicted, “In seven to 10 years, jackfruit will be as popular as beef.” 8. What is known about the jackfruit? A. It grows all over the world. B. It is a small tropical fruit. C. It has a bitter taste. D. It can replace meat in some dishes. 9. How does the author show the increasing popularity of jackfruit? A. By giving examples. B. By listing its health benefits. C. By analyzing people’s eating habits. D. By comparing it with other fruits. 10. What makes people choose a vegan diet according to Angela Means? A. Environmental, health and moral concerns. B. Desire to try new tastes. C. The low prices of vegan food. D. The ease of cooking vegan food. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Jackfruit: The History in the US B. Is Jackfruit Next Meat Substitute? C. Jackfruit vs. Traditional Meat D. How to Cook with Jackfruit? D A new study has found that ride-sharing services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation. Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environmentally friendly methods of travel like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found. Several studies in recent years have suggested ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities, which continue to have high rates of private vehicle ownership. The new research, conducted by a non-profit group, focuses on how ride-sharing impacts pollution in seven major US cities. Overall, the researchers reported ride-sharing trips now “result in an estimated 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they displace”. The study notes that the same passengers could have chosen to travel by bus, train, bike or on foot. One big reason for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car. This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving in between pickups. This situation, known as “deadheading”, takes up about 42 percent of all ride-sharing driving activity, the study found. The researchers said deadheading results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle. Both Uber and Lyft do offer a choice of a “pooled” ride, which involves drivers picking up additional riders during the same trip. The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to work to increase the amount of pooled rides. It also urges the two companies to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centres. However, both companies have previously argued that most studies overstate the pollution effects of their services, pointing out that most vehicles on the road are privately owned. Still, both firms share the goals of increasing pooled rides and using more electric vehicles, and have already introduced electric bike services and integrated public transit (运输) information into their systems. 12. What did the new study find? A. Public transportation is unpopular. B. Private vehicle ownership is decreasing. C. People favour ride-sharing over all others. D. Ride-sharing harms urban environment. 13. What does the underlined word “deadheading” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Long-distance pickups. B. Driving without passengers. C. Extra fees for empty driving. D. Long waiting times for passengers. 14. What can we infer about Uber and Lyft’s attitude towards the new study? A. They accept its conclusions without reservation. B. They show little interest in its research methods. C. They challenge the correctness of its findings. D. They intend to cooperate with the researchers. 15. What will the text most probably talk about next? A. The government’s measures to limit ride-sharing services. B. The reasons why private vehicles cause more pollution. C. The study’s further research on public transportation. D. The specific electric bike services Uber and Lyft introduced. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map. ____16____ Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practise a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office?” In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles. ____17____ In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.” People in Los Angeles California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” ____18____ Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. ____19____ A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know.” People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan! One thing will help you everywhere — the United States, Greece, Mexico, or any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language: ____20____ Go in that direction, and you may find the post office. A. They don’t know. B. I prefer to ask for directions. C. What happens in this situation? D. Could you tell me how to get to the hospital? E. He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. F. People use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. G. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father was attached to gardening. My earliest ____21____ is following Dad barefoot around in the garden with both hands ____22____ from digging in the soil. The garden was a(n) ____23____ full of possibilities. As Dad grew older, he still loved gardening. Even when he was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, he still ____24____ all sorts of plants. But something changed. Like the weeds (野草) that ____25____ his garden, the cancer grew rapidly, and the doctor gave up on him. I ____26____ with Dad twenty-four hours a day. I found myself in uncomfortable situations with Dad. Though I followed the doctor’s advice, what really made me believe that Dad was ____27____ was the state of his garden. That year, he only planted tomatoes. Too ____28____ to weed them, he simply tied them with strong strings to the fence and let them be. It made me sad to see them ____29____, so I would come over and water them, and ____30____ the weeds. I still remember the day I ____31____ the last tomato from the vine (藤). That day was one of the ____32____ I had ever experienced. Three years ago, I ____33____ to plant my own garden and started out with just a few tomatoes. That morning when I moved to the garden, something caught the corner of my eye and I had to ____34____. It was my eight-year-old son Nathan, standing barefoot in the soil, ____35____ playing in soil, hands black. 21. A. description B. memory C. stage D. experience 22. A. wounded B. buried C. blackened D. folded 23 A. area B. industry C. wonderland D. wetland 24. A. harvested B. supplied C. explored D. planted 25. A. took over B. took away C. took apart D. took down 26. A. communicated B. stayed C. dealt D. played 27. A. dying B. leaving C. working D. resting 28. A. busy B. nervous C. weak D. lazy 29. A. ignored B. broken C. damaged D. integrated 30. A. tend B. remove C. observe D. prevent 31. A. separated B. protected C. picked D. discovered 32. A. biggest B. best C. simplest D. saddest 33. A. decided B. expected C. agreed D. pretended 34. A. stare B. smile C. hesitate D. change 35. A. carelessly B. silently C. hurriedly D. happily 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Typical for China is the crosstalk show, ____36____ a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play involving mainly talking and singing. According to the records of ancient books, the crosstalk can trace back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Later on, after a long-term constant integration with other forms of arts, it has become ____37____ it is today. ____38____ (know) in Chinese as xiangsheng (literally “face and voice”), crosstalk was the major form of comedy throughout most of the 20th century. In the old days in Tianjin and elsewhere temple fairs and markets were the main places for crosstalkers ____39____ (perform) although they occasionally also appeared in teahouses or theatres. Crosstalk pieces draw on every aspect of Chinese culture from history and folk tales ____40____ social issues of the time. Although there’re hundreds of traditional pieces, they’re constantly recreated to suit the times and the audience while new works ____41____ (write) as well. It’s one of the ____42____ (feature) that have made crosstalk a public art form throughout its history. ____43____ (current), it’s necessary for Chinese crosstalk performers to stay rooted among the masses, follow the trend of the times, inherit (传承) traditional essence ____44____ embrace (拥抱) innovation. Only by ____45____ (do) so can they create works that are applauded by the public and satisfy their cultural demand. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在外教Mr Moore的帮助下，你在学校组织的主题为“Explore the World; Light up the Future(探索世界，点亮未来)”的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。请你写一封邮件表达感谢，内容包括： 1. 告知获奖； 2. 回顾参赛并表达感谢。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Moore, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 In 2007, Jolena Rothweil was in the midst of a divorce (离婚). The process was overwhelming and expensive; most of her paycheck was going to her lawyer fees. “I had just gotten backed into a corner where I felt like I was drowning,” Rothweil said. “I didn’t have any extra money for food or gas.” One especially difficult week, her bank account hit zero. Desperate to make it to payday, she hesitantly asked a kind coworker, Steve Green, if she could borrow twenty dollars. Steve smiled and said he’d be happy to help — no questions asked. “Fast forward to the next morning, and on my desk was a little white envelope with $200 in it, not twenty,” Rothweil remembered. “Inside was a short note that said, ‘You can’t pay it back, but you can pay it forward.’” She sat at her desk and cried quietly, touched that someone had noticed her pain and wanted to lift her up without expecting anything in return. “His gift made me really feel seen in what I was going through,” she said. “It wasn’t just the money — it was knowing someone cared enough to ease my burden (负担).” A few years later, Rothweil’s life had stabilized, but two close friends — a married couple — faced their own financial difficulties. The husband had a part-time job that barely paid the rent, and the wife had just lost her job unexpectedly. They worried constantly about paying their heating bills that winter and couldn’t afford Christmas presents for their young children. As they talked, Rothweil heard the same fear and stress in their voices that she’d felt years earlier when she asked Steve for help. “I understood exactly what they were going through,” Rothweil recalled. “I remembered how alone and scared I’d felt, and how Steve’s kindness had changed everything for me.” So she took out 200, found the photocopy of Steve’s note (which she’d kept all those years), and slipped both into an envelope. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next time she went over to their house to visit, she handed them the envelope on her way out. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Nearly 20 years later, Rothweil is happily remarried and still keeps Steve’s old note. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 机密★启用前 高二年级1月测评 英 语 （试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why does the woman apologize? A. She couldn’t find her seat. B. She sat in the wrong seat. C. She forgot her homework. 2. What are the speakers probably doing? A. Eating out. B. Cooking dinner. C. Buying food. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school. B. In a shop. C. In a hotel. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The cold weather. B. The university exam. C. The driving test. 5. When will the next train to Bedford leave? A. At 10:50. B. At 11:10. C. At 12:00. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man ask the woman to do first? A. Give an explanation. B. Complete a form. C. Choose an activity. 7. Which activity does the woman plan to choose? A. The hula hooping. B. The egg-and-spoon race. C. The three-legged race. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman like most about her new job? A. The workload. B. The dress rule. C. The workmates. 9. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Visit her former workmates. B. Meet her boss. C. Take a vacation. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What do the speakers pack up for? A. Camping. B. Cleaning. C. Moving. 11. What happened to the man? A. He forgot to bring his lunch. B. He got the time wrong. C. He was sleepless last night. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Workmates. B. Neighbours. C. Classmates. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is Andy’s role in the talent show this year? A. Organizing the event. B. Performing on stage. C. Managing the technical aspects. 14. Which performance does Andy like best? A. The rock song. B. The classical piano piece. C. The comedy routine. 15. What does Andy think of the technical team’s job? A. Disappointing. B. Boring. C. Satisfying. 16. When will the show be on? A. Next Wednesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What type of news report is it? A. National news. B. World news. C. Local news. 18. Who saved the two teenagers? A. A woman. B. A lifeguard. C. An old man. 19. How many people have died since the heat wave began? A. Six. B. Over 10. C. About 40. 20 What do officials suggest swimmers do? A. Avoid beaches. B. Choose rivers. C. Enter the water slowly. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A What is iodine (碘)? Iodine is an element found in seawater or some soils — mostly in coastal areas. A French chemist accidentally discovered it in 1811. Iodine’s name comes from a Greek word meaning violet-coloured. Later in the 1800s, scientists began to understand people need iodine to control their metabolism (新陈代谢) and stay healthy. It is also important for a child’s brain development. One sign of iodine deficiency (缺乏) is an increase in the size of the neck. Adding iodine to salt In the past, experts realized they couldn’t solve the iodine deficiency problem by feeding everyone seaweed and seafood. But they learned iodine can be added to table salt. Iodized salt first became available in 1924. By the 1950s, 70 percent of US households used iodized table salt. Some foods also had iodine. As a result, iodine deficiency in the US became rare. But over the years, processed foods have come to make up a large part of the American diet. Although they contain salt, it isn’t iodized. How much iodine is enough? While most Americans are getting enough iodine through diet, doctors worry this is not the case for women and children — the two groups most likely to be hurt by iodine deficiency. It is advised that all pregnant (怀孕的) and breastfeeding (用母乳喂养的) women get 150 micrograms of iodine each day. As a result, doctors suggest that pregnant or breastfeeding women check labels to make sure the vitamins or supplements they take have iodine. Some studies have linked even mild iodine deficiency to a lower score on an intelligence test known as an intelligence quotient (IQ) test. But experts say there has not yet been enough research to establish exactly how the US population is being affected by iodine deficiency. 1. When was the relationship between iodine and physical health discovered? A. In 1811. B. Later in the 1800s. C. In1924. D. Later in the 1950s. 2. What is the most effective way to solve iodine deficiency? A. By using iodinated salts. B. By adjusting dietary habits. C. By consuming large amounts of seafood. D. By reducing processed foods. 3. Who is most likely to be harmed by iodine deficiency? A. Men. B. Adults. C. Old people. D. Children and women. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了碘元素的发现、对人体健康的重要性以及如何通过加碘盐解决碘缺乏问题。文章还特别指出孕妇、哺乳期妇女和儿童是最容易受到碘缺乏影响的群体。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What is iodine (碘)?”部分第二段内容“Later in the 1800s, scientists began to understand people need iodine to control their metabolism (新陈代谢) and stay healthy.(19世纪后期，科学家们开始了解人们需要碘来控制新陈代谢并保持健康)”可知，碘与身体健康之间的关系是在19世纪后期发现的。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Adding iodine to salt”部分第一段末尾句“But they learned iodine can be added to table salt.(但他们了解到碘可以添加到食盐中)”以及第二段内容“Iodized salt first became available in 1924. By the 1950s, 70 percent of US households used iodized table salt. Some foods also had iodine. As a result, iodine deficiency in the US became rare.(加碘盐于1924年首次上市。到20世纪50年代，70%的美国家庭使用加碘食盐。有些食物还含有碘。因此，碘缺乏症在美国变得罕见)”可知，碘可以被添加到食盐中，而含碘盐的使用使得碘缺乏症在美国变得罕见。由此可知，解决碘缺乏症最有效的方法是使用含碘盐。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“How much iodine is enough?”部分第一段内容“While most Americans are getting enough iodine through diet, doctors worry this is not the case for women and children — the two groups most likely to be hurt by iodine deficiency.(虽然大多数美国人通过饮食摄取了足够的碘，但医生们担心妇女和儿童这两个最易受碘缺乏影响的群体却未能摄取足量的碘)”可知，妇女和儿童是最易受碘缺乏影响的群体。故选D项。 B Philo Farnsworth was born in Utah in 1906. The house he lived in for the first few years of his life had no electricity. But Philo read about electricity and began to experiment with it. One night, Philo read a magazine about the idea of sending pictures and sound through the air. It said some of the world’s best scientists were using special machines to make a kind of device to send pictures. 14-year-old Philo thought these famous scientists were wrong. He decided that mechanical devices would never work. Philo believed such a device would have to be electronic. All he would have to do was find a way to make electrons do the work. Soon, Philo had an idea for such a receiver. It would trap light in a container and send the light on a line of electrons. Philo called it “light in a bottle”. Philo told his teacher about a device that could capture pictures. He drew a plan for it and gave it to his teacher. Philo’s drawing seemed simple. But it clearly showed the information needed to build a television. Philo’s teacher was Justin Tolman. Many years later, Philo would credit Mr. Tolman with guiding his imagination and helping him open the doors of science. In 1927, Philo turned on a device that was the first working television receiver. In another room was the first television camera. Philo had invented the special camera tube earlier that year. While the image produced on the receiver was not clear, the device worked. In 1930, the government gave Philo patent documents to protect his invention. Still, he became involved in legal disputes (纠纷) with a powerful company. Philo won but faced many business and financial difficulties in his life. He developed over 100 devices that helped make modern television possible. He also developed early radar, invented the first electronic microscope, and worked on developing peaceful uses of atomic energy (原子能). Philo Farnsworth died in 1971. He is considered one of the most important inventors of the 20th century. 4. Which can best describe 14-year-old Philo? A. Questionable and creative. B. Generous and experienced. C. Selfless and hard-working. D. Peace-loving and determined. 5. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Share your kindness to others. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Teachers are key to shaping young minds. D. Actions speak louder than words. 6. Which contribution does NOT belong to Philo Farnsworth? A. The development of early radar. B. First discovery of atomic energy. C. The invention of electronic microscope. D. Various components of modern television. 7. How does the author develop the text? A. By analyzing causes. B. By making comparisons. C. By following time order. D. By questioning the points. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了美国20世纪著名发明家Philo Farnsworth的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“14-year-old Philo thought these famous scientists were wrong. He decided that mechanical devices would never work.(14 岁的菲洛认为这些著名的科学家是错的。他认定，机械装置是永远无法运转的。)”和第三段“All he would have to do was find a way to make electrons do the work. Soon, Philo had an idea for such a receiver. It would trap light in a container and send the light on a line of electrons. Philo called it “light in a bottle”.(他所要做的就是找到一种让电子发挥作用的方法。不久，菲洛就有了这样一个接收器的创意。它能把光困在一个容器里，然后让光沿着电子线路传输。菲洛将其称为“瓶中之光”。)”可知，14岁的Philo Farnsworth善于质疑并创新。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Philo’s teacher was Justin Tolman. Many years later, Philo would credit Mr. Tolman with guiding his imagination and helping him open the doors of science.(菲洛的老师是贾斯汀·托尔曼。多年后，菲洛将托尔曼先生视为引导自己想象力、帮助自己打开科学大门的引路人。)”可知，老师对塑造年轻人的思想起着关键作用。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He also developed early radar, invented the first electronic microscope, and worked on developing peaceful uses of atomic energy (原子能).(他还研发了早期雷达，发明了第一台电子显微镜，并致力于开发原子能的和平利用途径。)”可知，原子能的发现者并非Philo Farnsworth。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Philo Farnsworth was born in Utah in 1906.(菲洛·法恩斯沃思1906 年出生于犹他州。)”和最后一段“Philo Farnsworth died in 1971.(菲洛·法恩斯沃思于1971年去世。)”以及中间段落他完善发明现代电视机过程可知，本文是按时间顺序写的。故选C。 C A large and unusual tropical fruit is becoming more popular in the US. The jackfruit (菠萝蜜) is native to India. The big, spiky fruit grows in parts of Asia, South America and the Caribbean. It can weigh from 6 to around 30 kilogrammes. Often used as a meat substitute (替代品), jackfruit has a lot of vitamins and minerals. Its neutral (中性的) flavour works with all kinds of seasonings. Now, with many Americans looking for plant-based alternatives to meat, jackfruit is becoming more popular. This popularity has been growing for several years, noted Robert Schueller, head of marketing at Melissa’s Produce, a specialty produce company based in Los Angeles, California. “It was about five years ago that the fruit started to really take off,” he said. “Vegetarians and vegans found out how this fruit could be used as a meat substitute for pulled pork sandwiches and as a taco meat.” Schueller said Melissa’s sales have increased sharply. The company went from selling a few containers of jackfruit each week to thousands of cases weekly. In many places around the country, jackfruit is appearing not only at vegan and vegetarian restaurants, but also at other places. Tomatillo, for example, a Mexican restaurant in Dobbs Ferry, New York, has a quesadilla and a taco made with jackfruit. In Chicago, Alulu Brewpub serves Vegan Sicilian Jackfruit Flatbread on a menu that also has pork belly. Angela Means, owner of the vegan Jackfruit Café in Los Angeles, California, says people are choosing a vegan diet for many reasons. These factors cover environmental protection, personal health and moral considerations. “We eat meat because of the texture and the spices. Jackfruit is a great substitute,” Means said. “We put it in tacos, and we make sandwiches, like a barbecue pulled ‘pork’.” Jackfruit Café also serves a “fish patty” made of jackfruit and seaweed. Means said her restaurant tries to educate people in the community about jackfruit and meat substitutes. She predicted, “In seven to 10 years, jackfruit will be as popular as beef.” 8. What is known about the jackfruit? A. It grows all over the world. B. It is a small tropical fruit. C. It has a bitter taste. D. It can replace meat in some dishes. 9. How does the author show the increasing popularity of jackfruit? A. By giving examples. B. By listing its health benefits. C. By analyzing people’s eating habits. D. By comparing it with other fruits. 10. What makes people choose a vegan diet according to Angela Means? A. Environmental, health and moral concerns. B. Desire to try new tastes. C. The low prices of vegan food. D. The ease of cooking vegan food. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Jackfruit: The History in the US B. Is Jackfruit Next Meat Substitute? C. Jackfruit vs. Traditional Meat D. How to Cook with Jackfruit? 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是菠萝蜜这种大型热带水果在美国日益流行，并逐渐成为肉类替代品的现象。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Often used as a meat substitute, jackfruit has a lot of vitamins and minerals.(菠萝蜜常被用作肉类替代品，它富含多种维生素和矿物质。)”可知，菠萝蜜可以在一些菜肴中替代肉类。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“This popularity has been growing for several years, noted Robert Schueller, head of marketing at Melissa’s Produce, a specialty produce company based in Los Angeles, California.(总部位于加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的特色农产品公司Melissa’s Produce的营销主管罗伯特·舒勒指出，这种热度已经持续了好几年。)”和第五段“Tomatillo, for example, a Mexican restaurant in Dobbs Ferry, New York, has a quesadilla and a taco made with jackfruit. In Chicago, Alulu Brewpub serves Vegan Sicilian Jackfruit Flatbread on a menu that also has pork belly.(例如，纽约多布斯费里的墨西哥餐厅Tomatillo就推出了用菠萝蜜制作的奶酪饼和墨西哥玉米饼。在芝加哥，Alulu啤酒馆的菜单上除了有五花肉，还提供素食西西里菠萝蜜薄饼。)”可知，作者是通过举例来展现菠萝蜜日益受欢迎的趋势的。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Angela Means, owner of the vegan Jackfruit Café in Los Angeles, California, says people are choosing a vegan diet for many reasons. These factors cover environmental protection, personal health and moral considerations.(加利福尼亚州洛杉矶纯素食餐厅Jackfruit Café的老板Angela Means表示，人们选择纯素食的原因有很多，包括环境保护、个人健康和道德考量。)”可知，Angela Means认为，环境、健康和道德方面的考量促使人们选择纯素食。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Often used as a meat substitute, jackfruit has a lot of vitamins and minerals. Its neutral flavour works with all kinds of seasonings. Now, with many Americans looking for plant-based alternatives to meat, jackfruit is becoming more popular.(菠萝蜜常被用作肉类替代品，它富含多种维生素和矿物质。其口味中性，可与各种调味料搭配。如今，随着许多美国人寻求以植物为基础的肉类替代品，菠萝蜜越来越受欢迎。)”可知，本文主要讲的是菠萝蜜这种大型热带水果在美国日益流行，并逐渐成为肉类替代品的现象，B选项“Is Jackfruit Next Meat Substitute?(菠萝蜜会成为下一个肉类替代品吗？)”提出菠萝蜜是否会成为下一个肉类替代品的疑问，能概括本文内容，吸引读者，因此可作为最好的题目。故选B。 D A new study has found that ride-sharing services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation. Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environmentally friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found. Several studies in recent years have suggested ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities, which continue to have high rates of private vehicle ownership. The new research, conducted by a non-profit group, focuses on how ride-sharing impacts pollution in seven major US cities. Overall, the researchers reported ride-sharing trips now “result in an estimated 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they displace”. The study notes that the same passengers could have chosen to travel by bus, train, bike or on foot. One big reason for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car. This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving in between pickups. This situation, known as “deadheading”, takes up about 42 percent of all ride-sharing driving activity, the study found. The researchers said deadheading results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle. Both Uber and Lyft do offer a choice of a “pooled” ride, which involves drivers picking up additional riders during the same trip. The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to work to increase the amount of pooled rides. It also urges the two companies to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centres. However, both companies have previously argued that most studies overstate the pollution effects of their services, pointing out that most vehicles on the road are privately owned. Still, both firms share the goals of increasing pooled rides and using more electric vehicles, and have already introduced electric bike services and integrated public transit (运输) information into their systems. 12. What did the new study find? A. Public transportation is unpopular. B. Private vehicle ownership is decreasing. C. People favour ride-sharing over all others. D. Ride-sharing harms urban environment. 13. What does the underlined word “deadheading” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Long-distance pickups. B. Driving without passengers. C. Extra fees for empty driving. D. Long waiting times for passengers. 14. What can we infer about Uber and Lyft’s attitude towards the new study? A. They accept its conclusions without reservation. B. They show little interest in its research methods. C. They challenge the correctness of its findings. D. They intend to cooperate with the researchers. 15. What will the text most probably talk about next? A. The government’s measures to limit ride-sharing services. B. The reasons why private vehicles cause more pollution. C. The study’s further research on public transportation. D. The specific electric bike services Uber and Lyft introduced. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究发现，拼车服务造成的污染比其他类型的私人和公共交通要严重得多。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environmentally friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found.(该研究发现，拼车出行还使乘客放弃了更环保的出行方式，如公共交通、步行或骑自行车。)”可知，拼车对城市环境有害。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“One big reason for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car. This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving in between pickups.(造成这一结果的一个重要原因是，网约车常常会出现空车行驶的情况。这种情况通常发生在司机等待订单、前往接客地点，或是在两次接单的间隙行驶的时候。)”和第五段“This situation(这种情况)”可知，deadheading的意思是“空车行驶”，和B选项“Driving without passengers.(无乘客驾车。)”意思相近。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段“However, both companies have previously argued that most studies overstate the pollution effects of their services, pointing out that most vehicles on the road are privately owned.(然而，这两家公司此前都曾辩称，大多数研究夸大了其服务对污染的影响，指出道路上大多数车辆都是私人拥有的。)”可知，这两家公司认为相关研究夸大了其服务所产生的污染影响，也就是对研究结果的正确性提出了质疑。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段的“Still, both firms share the goals of increasing pooled rides and using more electric vehicles, and have already introduced electric bike services and integrated public transit (运输) information into their systems.(尽管如此，这两家公司都有增加拼车出行和使用更多电动汽车的共同目标，并且已经推出了电动自行车服务，还将公共交通信息整合到了它们的系统中。)”可知，文章接下来可能会谈到推出的专属电动自行车服务的有关信息。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map. ____16____ Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practise a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office?” In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles. ____17____ In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.” People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” ____18____ Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. ____19____ A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know.” People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan! One thing will help you everywhere — the United States, Greece, Mexico, or any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language: ____20____ Go in that direction, and you may find the post office. A. They don’t know. B. I prefer to ask for directions. C. What happens in this situation? D. Could you tell me how to get to the hospital? E. He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. F. People use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. G. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者在旅行中从不携带地图，而是通过向不同地方的人问路来探索各地，并介绍了不同地区人们指路方式的差异。 【16题详解】 上文“I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map.(我有一个特别的旅行规则：从不携带地图)”说明作者旅行有特殊规则，不携带地图。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明作者会采取的替代做法。所以B项“我更喜欢问路。”符合语境，B项中的“prefer to ask for directions”是对不带地图这一行为的补充说明。故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles.(在美国中西部的农村，通常没有很多地标。没有山，所以土地很平坦；在许多地方，几英里内没有城镇或建筑物)”说明美国中西部农村没有很多地标。下文“In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”(例如，在堪萨斯州或爱荷华州，人们会说，“往北走两英里。向东转，然后再走一英里。”)”说明不同的地方如何应对没有路标情况。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明人们在这种情况下如何指路。所以G项“人们不会用地标，而是会告诉你方向和距离。”符合语境。G项中的“Instead of landmarks” 承接上文，“tell you directions and distances”引出下文的具体例子（向北两英里）。故选G。 【18题详解】 上文““How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?”(“邮局有多远？”你问。“哦，”他们回答，“离这里大约五分钟。”你说，“是的，但是有多少英里呢？”)”是作者的追问。空处是对这一追问的回应。所以A项“他们不知道。”符合语境，因为前文提到洛杉矶人用时间衡量距离，而不是英里，所以他们无法回答具体的英里数。故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question.(有时一个人不知道你问题的答案)”说明有时人们不知道答案，下文“A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know.” People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite.(一个纽约人可能会说，“抱歉，我不知道。”但在墨西哥的尤卡坦，没有人会回答“我不知道”。尤卡坦人认为说“我不知道”是不礼貌的)”说明这种情况不同文化的不同的反应。空处和前文为顺接关系，引出下文的不同反应。所以C项“这种情况下会发生什么？”符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 上文“You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language(你可能听不懂一个人的话，但你可能能读懂这个人的肢体语言)”说明可以通过肢体语言理解对方的意思，空处和前文为顺接关系，说明具体的肢体语言表现。所以E项“他或她通常会转身，然后指向正确的方向。”符合语境，该项中的“turn and then point in the correct direction”是对肢体语言的具体描述。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father was attached to gardening. My earliest ____21____ is following Dad barefoot around in the garden with both hands ____22____ from digging in the soil. The garden was a(n) ____23____ full of possibilities. As Dad grew older, he still loved gardening. Even when he was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, he still ____24____ all sorts of plants. But something changed. Like the weeds (野草) that ____25____ his garden, the cancer grew rapidly, and the doctor gave up on him. I ____26____ with Dad twenty-four hours a day. I found myself in uncomfortable situations with Dad. Though I followed the doctor’s advice, what really made me believe that Dad was ____27____ was the state of his garden. That year, he only planted tomatoes. Too ____28____ to weed them, he simply tied them with strong strings to the fence and let them be. It made me sad to see them ____29____, so I would come over and water them, and ____30____ the weeds. I still remember the day I ____31____ the last tomato from the vine (藤). That day was one of the ____32____ I had ever experienced. Three years ago, I ____33____ to plant my own garden and started out with just a few tomatoes. That morning when I moved to the garden, something caught the corner of my eye and I had to ____34____. It was my eight-year-old son Nathan, standing barefoot in the soil, ____35____ playing in soil, hands black. 21. A. description B. memory C. stage D. experience 22. A. wounded B. buried C. blackened D. folded 23. A. area B. industry C. wonderland D. wetland 24. A. harvested B. supplied C. explored D. planted 25. A. took over B. took away C. took apart D. took down 26. A. communicated B. stayed C. dealt D. played 27. A. dying B. leaving C. working D. resting 28. A. busy B. nervous C. weak D. lazy 29. A. ignored B. broken C. damaged D. integrated 30. A. tend B. remove C. observe D. prevent 31. A. separated B. protected C. picked D. discovered 32. A. biggest B. best C. simplest D. saddest 33. A. decided B. expected C. agreed D. pretended 34. A. stare B. smile C. hesitate D. change 35. A. carelessly B. silently C. hurriedly D. happily 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者与父亲之间的园艺情缘以及这种情感在父亲生病后的延续与传承。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最早的记忆是光着脚跟在爸爸后面在花园里走，双手因为挖土而变黑。A. description描述；B. memory记忆；C. stage阶段；D. experience经历。根据后文“following Dad barefoot around in the garden”可知，此处描述的是作者小时候跟着父亲在花园里的记忆。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最早的记忆是光着脚跟在爸爸后面在花园里走，双手因为挖土而变黑。A. wounded受伤；B. buried埋葬；C. blackened变黑；D. folded折叠。根据后文“from digging in the soil”可知，因为挖土，双手变黑。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：花园是一个充满可能性的仙境。A. area区域；B. industry工业；C. wonderland仙境；D. wetland湿地。根据后文“full of possibilities”可知，花园是一个充满可能性的仙境。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析句意：即使当他被诊断出患有癌症时，他仍然种植各种植物。A. harvested收获；B. supplied供应；C. explored探索；D. planted种植。根据后文“all sorts of plants”可知，父亲仍然种植各种植物。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：就像占据他花园的杂草一样，癌症迅速扩散，医生放弃了他。A. took over占据，接管；B. took away带走；C. took apart拆开；D. took down记下。根据上文“the weeds”和下文“his garden”可知，杂草是占据花园，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和爸爸一天24小时待在一起。A. communicated交流；B. stayed停留，待；C. dealt处理；D. played玩耍。根据后文“with Dad twenty-four hours a day”可知，作者和父亲一天24小时待在一起。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我听从了医生的建议，但真正让我相信爸爸快死了的是他的花园的状况。A. dying垂死的，快死的；B. leaving离开；C. working工作；D. resting休息。根据上文“the doctor gave up on him”可知，医生放弃了治疗，说明父亲快死了。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他太虚弱了，不能除草，只是用结实的绳子把它们绑在篱笆上，任由它们生长。A. busy忙碌的；B. nervous紧张的；C. weak虚弱的；D. lazy懒惰的。根据上文“the doctor gave up on him”可知，医生放弃治疗，说明父亲病得很重，所以太虚弱了，不能除草。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到它们被忽视，我很难过，所以我会过来给它们浇水，去除杂草。A. ignored忽视；B. broken打破；C. damaged破坏；D. integrated整合。根据上文“he simply tied them with strong strings to the fence and let them be”可知，父亲没有照顾西红柿，任由它们生长，所以是看到它们被忽视，作者很难过。故选A。 30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到它们被忽视，我很难过，所以我会过来给它们浇水，去除杂草。A. tend照顾；B. remove去除；C. observe观察；D. prevent阻止。根据上文“I would come over and water them”和下文“the weeds”可知，作者会给西红柿浇水，去除杂草。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然记得我从藤上摘下最后一个西红柿的那一天。A. separated分开；B. protected保护；C. picked采摘；D. discovered发现。根据后文“the last tomato from the vine”可知，是从藤上摘下最后一个西红柿。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天是我经历过的最悲伤的日子之一。A. biggest最大的；B. best最好的；C. simplest最简单的；D. saddest最悲伤的。根据上文“the last tomato from the vine”可知，作者摘下最后一个西红柿的那天是悲伤的，也暗示了父亲的过世。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年前，我决定种植自己的花园，一开始只种了几棵西红柿。A. decided决定；B. expected期待；C. agreed同意；D. pretended假装。根据后文“to plant my own garden”可知，作者决定种植自己的花园。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，当我来到花园时，有一幕引起了我的注意，我忍不住笑了起来。A. stare凝视；B. smile微笑；C. hesitate犹豫；D. change改变。根据后文“It was my eight-year-old son Nathan, standing barefoot in the soil”可知，作者看到了儿子光脚站在泥里，作者觉得很可爱，所以微笑，故选B。 35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那是我八岁的儿子内森，光着脚站在泥土里，快乐地在泥土里玩耍，双手黑黑的。A. carelessly粗心地；B. silently沉默地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. happily快乐地。根据后文“playing in soil, hands black”可知，儿子在花园里快乐地玩耍。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Typical for China is the crosstalk show, ____36____ a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play involving mainly talking and singing. According to the records of ancient books, the crosstalk can trace back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Later on, after a long-term constant integration with other forms of arts, it has become ____37____ it is today. ____38____ (know) in Chinese as xiangsheng (literally “face and voice”), crosstalk was the major form of comedy throughout most of the 20th century. In the old days in Tianjin and elsewhere temple fairs and markets were the main places for crosstalkers ____39____ (perform) although they occasionally also appeared in teahouses or theatres. Crosstalk pieces draw on every aspect of Chinese culture from history and folk tales ____40____ social issues of the time. Although there’re hundreds of traditional pieces, they’re constantly recreated to suit the times and the audience while new works ____41____ (write) as well. It’s one of the ____42____ (feature) that have made crosstalk a public art form throughout its history. ____43____ (current), it’s necessary for Chinese crosstalk performers to stay rooted among the masses, follow the trend of the times, inherit (传承) traditional essence ____44____ embrace (拥抱) innovation. Only by ____45____ (do) so can they create works that are applauded by the public and satisfy their cultural demand. 【答案】36. where 37. what 38. Known 39. to perform 40. to 41. are written##are being written 42. features 43. Currently 44. and 45. doing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国的相声艺术。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：相声表演是中国特有的艺术形式，在这类表演中，一对喜剧演员主要通过说唱和文字游戏来逗乐观众。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词crosstalk show是抽象地点，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 【37题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：后来，经过长期与其他艺术形式的不断融合，相声演变成了如今的样子。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少表语，此处表示“相声演变成了如今的样子”，因此用what引导表语从句，故填what。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：相声在中文里被称为“相声”（字面意思是“脸和声音”），在20世纪的大部分时间里，它都是主要的喜剧形式。句中谓语是was，空格处用非谓语动词，crosstalk和know之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词known表被动，作状语，故填Known。 【39题详解】 考查不定式。句意：在过去，天津等地庙会和市场是相声演员表演的主要场所，尽管他们偶尔也会在茶馆或剧院登台。根据语境可知，句子表示“天津等地庙会和市场是相声演员表演的主要场所”，空格处用不定式作后置定语，故填to perform。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：相声作品取材于中国文化的方方面面，从历史故事和民间传说，到当时的社会问题。from...to...是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，因此空格处用介词to，故填to。 【41题详解】 考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然有数百个传统相声段子，但它们会不断被重新演绎，以适应时代和观众的需求，同时也会创作新的作品。while表并列，由前面的they’re constantly recreated可知，时态用一般现在时，也可用现在进行时，作品是被创作，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态或现在进行时的被动语态，主语works是复数，因此空格处是are (being) written。故填are (being) written。 【42题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：这正是相声在其历史发展过程中成为一种大众艺术形式的特征之一。空前有one of，空格处用复数，故填features。 43题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，中国相声演员有必要扎根于群众之中，紧跟时代潮流，传承传统精髓，并拥抱创新。空格处用副词currently作状语，意为“目前”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Currently。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：目前，中国相声演员有必要扎根于群众之中，紧跟时代潮流，传承传统精髓，并拥抱创新。stay，follow和embrace之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 【45题详解】 考查动名词。句意：只有这样，他们才能创作出受到公众赞誉、满足其文化需求的作品。by是介词，空格处用动名词作宾语，故填doing。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在外教Mr Moore的帮助下，你在学校组织的主题为“Explore the World; Light up the Future(探索世界，点亮未来)”的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。请你写一封邮件表达感谢，内容包括： 1. 告知获奖； 2. 回顾参赛并表达感谢。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Moore, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mr Moore, I’m writing to share some exciting news with you. I won the first prize in the speech competition themed “Explore the World; Light up the Future”! The moment I heard my name announced as the winner, I was over the moon and immediately thought of you. To be honest, when I started my speech, I felt very nervous. I quickly calmed down using the method you told me. The opening and ending about technology and the future that you helped me revise won applause from the audience. I truly appreciate your encouragement and help before the competition. Without you, I couldn’t have achieved this. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Mr Moore写一封邮件，对他在学校组织的主题为“Explore the World; Light up the Future”的英语演讲比赛中的帮助表示感谢。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人兴奋的：exciting→thrilling 鼓励：encouragement→inspiration 紧张的：nervous→tense 修改：revise→modify 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I won the first prize in the speech competition themed “Explore the World; Light up the Future”! 拓展句：I won the first prize in the speech competition, which was themed “Explore the World; Light up the Future”! 【点睛】[高分句型1] The moment I heard my name announced as the winner, I was over the moon and immediately thought of you. (运用了the moment引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] The opening and ending about technology and the future that you helped me revise won applause from the audience. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In 2007, Jolena Rothweil was in the midst of a divorce (离婚). The process was overwhelming and expensive; most of her paycheck was going to her lawyer fees. “I had just gotten backed into a corner where I felt like I was drowning,” Rothweil said. “I didn’t have any extra money for food or gas.” One especially difficult week, her bank account hit zero. Desperate to make it to payday, she hesitantly asked a kind coworker, Steve Green, if she could borrow twenty dollars. Steve smiled and said he’d be happy to help — no questions asked. “Fast forward to the next morning, and on my desk was a little white envelope with $200 in it, not twenty,” Rothweil remembered. “Inside was a short note that said, ‘You can’t pay it back, but you can pay it forward.’” She sat at her desk and cried quietly, touched that someone had noticed her pain and wanted to lift her up without expecting anything in return. “His gift made me really feel seen in what I was going through,” she said. “It wasn’t just the money — it was knowing someone cared enough to ease my burden (负担).” A few years later, Rothweil’s life had stabilized, but two close friends — a married couple — faced their own financial difficulties. The husband had a part-time job that barely paid the rent, and the wife had just lost her job unexpectedly. They worried constantly about paying their heating bills that winter and couldn’t afford Christmas presents for their young children. As they talked, Rothweil heard the same fear and stress in their voices that she’d felt years earlier when she asked Steve for help. “I understood exactly what they were going through,” Rothweil recalled. “I remembered how alone and scared I’d felt, and how Steve’s kindness had changed everything for me.” So she took out 200, found the photocopy of Steve’s note (which she’d kept all those years), and slipped both into an envelope. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next time she went over to their house to visit, she handed them the envelope on her way out. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Nearly 20 years later, Rothweil is happily remarried and still keeps Steve’s old note. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The next time she went over to their house to visit, she handed them the envelope on her way out. At first, the couple stared at the envelope in confusion, fingers hovering hesitantly. Upon opening it and seeing the $200 cash and Steve’s note photocopy, the wife choked up and pulled Rothweil into a tight hug. “This is just a Band-Aid for your pain.” Rothweil said softly, recalling how Steve’s kindness had once patched up her own broken heart. Inspired by this act of love, the couple made a silent promise: they would pay the kindness forward as soon as they regained their footing. Nearly 20 years later, Rothweil is happily remarried and still keeps Steve’s old note. Every anniversary, she and her husband set aside a sum of money from their savings, deciding together who might need a helping hand most, often slipping a copy of Steve’s note with their small gifts. Her old friends, who have fully recovered financially, now partner with Rothweil and her husband every year to donate school supplies to a local children’s shelter, naming the initiative “Steve’s Chain of Kindness”. The pay-it-forward chain that began with Steve’s 200 has stretched far beyond anyone’s imagination, a living legacy of love that Rothweil and her husband often share with their own children, hoping the kids will carry the torch forward too. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Jolena Rothweil在离婚期间得到同事Steve Green的慷慨帮助，这份善意不仅缓解了她的经济压力，更让她感受到被关怀的温暖。多年后，当她的朋友面临经济困境时，她用同样的方式传递善意，并附上Steve的便条复印件。近二十年后，这份善意已演变为持续的公益行动，形成了跨越代际的爱心传递链。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“下一次她去他们家拜访时，在离开时把信封递给了他们。”可知，第一段可描写朋友收到信封后的反应，以及他们决定将这份善意传递下去的决心。 ②由第二段首句内容“近20年后，Rothweil幸福地再婚了，仍然保留着Steve的旧便条。”可知，第二段可描写Rothweil和丈夫如何延续这份善意，以及这份善意如何影响更多人，形成爱心传递链。 2.续写线索： 朋友收到信封——感动并承诺传递善意——多年后Rothweil再婚保留便条——和丈夫一起延续善意——影响更多人形成爱心传递链 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①盯着看：stare at/gaze at/fix one’s eyes on ②拥抱某人：pull sb. into a tight hug/embrace sb. tightly/give sb. a big hug ③捐赠：donate /contribute/give away 情绪类 ①困惑：confusion /puzzlement/bewilderment ②犹豫地：hesitantly /reluctantly/uncertainly 【点睛】【高分句型1】Inspired by this act of love, the couple made a silent promise: they would pay the kindness forward as soon as they regained their footing.（运用了as soon as引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】Her old friends, who have fully recovered financially, now partner with Rothweil and her husband every year to donate school supplies to a local children’s shelter, naming the initiative “Steve’s Chain of Kindness”.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $