精品解析：湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2025-2026学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

衡阳县2025年下学期高一创新实验班期末质量检测试题 英 语 考生注意： 1.本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。 2.试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在答题卡上。 3.选择题部分用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，回答非选择题部分时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷上的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读二遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1.What does the woman plan to do tonight? A.Enjoy a concert B.Cook with the man. C.Stay at home. 2.What was the man doing this morning? A.Looking for birds. B.Taking scenery photos C.Feeding fat dogs. 3.What’s the woman concerned about? A.The remodeling work. B.The material shortages. C.The reopening of the library. 4.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.In a restaurant. B.In a hotel. C.In a store. 5.For what does the woman ask for a recommendation? A.A class meeting. B.A weekend break. C.A family trip. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What time might the bookstore close? A.At 3:00. B.At 3:45. C.At 4:30. 7.What is the man going to do first? A.Stay where he is. B.Buy a membership. C.Look for Lily 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.How does the woman sound in the beginning? A.Grateful. B.Excited. C.Curious 9.What is the woman going to do on the 18th? A.Meet the man. B.Hold a party. C.Attend a meeting 10.What will the man do next? A.Grab the lunch. B.Send an email. C.Ask for information 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.What is the woman’s attitude towards the second summer camp? A.Preferring. B.Unconcerned. C.Doubtful 12.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Customer and client(客户). B.Husband and wife. C.Co-workers 13.What is the man most satisfied with about the first summer camp? A.Its price. B.Its meals. C.Its arrangement 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.When does Ms.White want Leo to volunteer? AOn May 10th. B.On May 11th. C.On May 13th 15.What will the volunteer wear this year? A.Green coats. B.White T-shirts. C.Baseball uniform 16.What will guests do first after arriving at the fair? A.Listen to a lecture. B.Tour around the fair. C.Share books 17.What is one of Leo’s responsibilities? A.Handing out brochures. B.Organizing book corners. CHelping with book choices. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.What did the rescue teams do for the worst-hit villages? A.They treated the injured. B.They searched for survivors. C.They air-dropped necessities. 19.What impressed the speaker most? A.A child’s being rescued. B.Volunteers’ joining. C.Shelters’ being built 20.What is the speaker doing? A.Reporting an earthquake. B.Explaining signs before earthquakes. C.Illustrating safety measures during earthquakes. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are four samples of lesson plans we have on the esl-lounge.com Premium site. These show not only the different levels available but also the variety of types of lessons we have. All samples are in PDF format and open in a new window. Sample One — The Shrinking Lake Target Language: Discussing the environment. Description: A reading lesson based around environmental problems has an article about Lake Chad as its focus point. The lesson finishes with a speaking game about different problems in the environment. Sample Two — At The Department Store Target Language: Learning about future plans. Description: After a vocabulary exercise, the listening lesson consists of a customer in a department store speaking to a store assistant and asking where different items can be found. Memory game to finish with. Sample Three — Black Swan Hotel Target Language: Sentences about giving instructions and advice. Description: The Black Swan Hotel in England has a few problems today. Students have to identify the verb form being used to give instructions to the hotel handyman. The lesson finishes with a game in which the sentence mode is used. Sample Four — A View Of The Sea! Target Language: Writing a letter of complaint. Description: Students relive a nightmare vacation at a terrible hotel and then work in pairs to plan the perfect letter of complaint to the travel company. Focus on relevancy/ tone/style in a formal letter. 1. What is the text intended to do? A. Introduce four different topics. B. Publicize the use of PDF format. C. Provide language course designs. D. Offer options on language learning. 2. What does the sample “At The Department Store” focus on? A. Listening. B. Speaking. C. Reading. D. Writing. 3. Which lesson plan is mainly about grammar learning? A. Sample One. B. Sample Two. C. Sample Three. D. Sample Four. B Few people realize that it takes a number of volunteers for one young child to have a half-hour riding lesson. I volunteer at Valley Therapeutic Equestrian Association (VTEA) in Alder woods,close to the Washington State border. It takes a few paid staff and a number of volunteers — approximately eighty to take care of a dozen horses and help with eighty or more children during the week. There is a large barn to clean, and hay nets and water buckets to brush and fill. Specific feeds for each horse must be prepared twice daily...The list is endless. To prepare a horse for a ride, someone has to bring it in from outside, at times sinking into inches of black sticky mud during the winter months. Usually, two volunteers groom (刷洗梳毛) the horse and put on the special saddle (马鞍). Then they lead the horse to where the lesson takes place. There, one volunteer leads the horse, and usually two walk alongside for safety, one on each side. Then the horse must be returned to the barn, unsaddled, cleaned and fed. Yet so many people willingly give their time-because the children need us. Ranging in age from two upwards, the children have varying degrees of mental disabilities. Some have severe physical disabilities. Riding strengthens their muscles and bones, enabling them to enjoy a more fruitful life. Throughout my past life as an accountant, business author and speaker, I volunteered on many levels and in many organizations. However, a terrible motor-vehicle accident changed my life in a split second when my car was hit, causing severe brain injury. It was hard to accept a new “me” and my often-frustrating limitations, until I discovered that I needed to do something that I have a passion for. I’d loved horses from childhood and working with them. The children have helped turn my life around, making me warm from the inside out. The journey back has been painful but worthwhile. Now, fourteen years later, I am a different, more simplified person. 4. What can we know about the horse-riding lesson? A. Horses for riding lessons are cared for carefully. B. Horse-riding lessons bring common kids many benefits. C. Volunteers have much to do for a horse-riding lesson. D. Disabled children are taught horse-riding in a different way. 5. What does the author think of her voluntary work in VTEA? A. Risky and thrilling. B. Tiring but worthwhile. C. Funny and enjoyable. D. Demanding but fruitless. 6. What is true to the author from the last paragraph? A. The accident less impacted her life. B. She benefited a lot from the voluntary work. C. She’s never recovered from the injury. D. She wasn’t interested in voluntary work before. 7. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Horse-riding: Toughest Lessons. B. Helping Children in Need? C. Surviving the Brain Injury. D. Volunteering: A Journey Back. C In an effort to control the nation’s growing problem with food wastage, South Korea has started a unique initiative — “Pay as You Trash”. Residents are required to separate their food waste from the rest of their rubbish and throw it separately in a centralized dustbin. And in order to access the bin, they actually need to pay by the kilo! As of now, South Korea has three methods in place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) card — when users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the cap will open. This waste is automatically weighed and recorded in the user’s account. The user needs to settle this bill on a monthly basis. The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on volume. For instance, in Seoul, a 10-liter garbage bag costs around $1. There’s also a bar code management system in place, in which citizens throw food waste directly into compost bins and pay for it by purchasing bar code stickers attached to the bin. Nearly every residential complex in the nation is equipped with one of these three payment systems. Even before the pay-by-weight system was introduced, South Koreans were still being charged for food waste—the cost was simply divided equally among the residents of each apartment block. The new system is not only fair, but is also designed to make consumers really feel the pinch of unreasonable waste. The more food they throw out, the more they end up paying. Citizens like Seoul housewife Ms. Kwan are now adopting innovative methods to avoid food waste. She makes sure to remove all the liquid out of leftover food before throwing it away. While preparing vegetables, she tries to make use of as much as the eatable parts as possible to minimize waste. 8. What is the centralized dustbin designed to do? A. Keep food rubbish. B. Break down food rubbish. C. Process household rubbish. D. Classify household rubbish. 9. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the three payment methods? A. Their development procedure. B. Their construction cost. C. Their innovative appearance. D. Their operating principle. 10. How were the citizens charged before the new system was put forward? A. They paid a fixed fee. B. They shared the cost equally. C. They paid by weight. D. They enjoyed free access. 11. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “feel the pinch” Paragraph 3? A. Predict the prospect. B. Analyse the component. C. Suffer the consequences. D. Propose the solution. D Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food. Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food. Using a computer model, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward. “The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model. The model created is thus capable of generalizing from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples. The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. 12. What is the aim of the research? A. To analyse the application of biological brain computation principles. B. To seek promotion of machine learning and artificial intelligence. C. To shed light on how the nervous systems of insects work. D. To uncover how insects apply sensory information in search of food. 13. Which statement about the research method is NOT TRUE? A. The researchers collected the data by using a computer model. B. The researchers focused on how the fruit fly’s nervous system reacts to scents. C. The researchers trained the model in the same way as training fruit flies. D. The researchers presented two different scents to carry out a control experiment. 14. What do the results of the research imply? A. Insects’ nervous systems are more sensitive to particular scents. B. Artificial intelligence is significant to biological brain research. C. Sensory information is widely applied in machine learning. D. Research on insect brain can contribute to AI development. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To present predictions about the future of machine learning. B. To illustrate the method and findings of a scientific study. C. To call on more research on insect brain and behavior. D. To introduce a practical method of insect research. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Spending time in nature simply means being outside in natural surroundings like parks, forests, gardens, or even your backyard. Nature includes everything from trees, plants, rivers, and lakes to beaches, mountains, and wildlife.____16____Here’s how nature has such a powerful effect. Stress is a common part of life, but spending time in nature can help relieve it. ____17____You might notice the sound of birds singing, the feel of a breeze on your skin, or the sight of green trees and blue skies. These natural elements help your mind focus on something peaceful, allowing the tension and worries of everyday life to fade away. ____18____Your body releases a hormone called cortisol when you’re stressed, but when you are in nature, you can reduce the level of cortisol. By reducing cortisol, nature helps you feel more relaxed and balanced. Have you ever noticed why being outside in the sunshine or walking through a park can instantly make you feel better? ____19____When you spend time outside, your body releases chemicals like serotonin and endorphins — these are the “feel-good” chemicals that help boost your mood and make you feel happier. Nature also gives you a break from the noise and distractions of everyday life to be more positive and energized. When you step away from busy environments and immerse yourself in nature, you have time to clear your mind and focus on the beauty around you. ____20____So why not take a break and step outside to enjoy nature? A. Additionally, being in nature can lower your stress. B. This can leave you feeling more refreshed and positive. C. When you spend time in nature, your mind is totally free. D. That’s because nature has a way of improving your mood. E. When you are in nature, your senses are engaged in a calming way. F. You can experience nature by walking, sitting, or just being outdoors. G Being in nature has a calming and refreshing effect on your mind and body. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Zara Rutherford has set the world record as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world. The British-Belgian ____21____ started her trip worldwide on August 18, 2021. The ____22____ was supposed to take three months. But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded and ____23____ the trip by about two months. And then she started in Belgium and ____24____ west over Britain, Iceland, and Greenland. The path took her over Canada and the United States. Rutherford couldn’t leave Alaska due to weather and visa delays. A winter storm forced another long ____25____ in Russia before she traveled to Korea, the Middle East, and ____26____ to Europe. To meet the ____27____ for a round-the-world flight, Rutherford had to land on two points opposite each other on Earth: Jambi in Indonesia and Tumaco in Colombia. The last part of her trip had been ____28____ , for she had to deal with rain and snow. But she was happy to be ____29____ by the Belgian Air Force before landing, which she felt grateful for their company. Rutherford has been _____30_____ traveling in small planes with her parents since she was six. She gained her pilot’s license in 2020 and started flying herself at 14. She _____31_____ being an astronaut and she hopes her trip will get more women _____32_____ in science, technology, and aviation. Rutherford said, “Boys are taught to choose their _____33_____ as scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents. Girls are often _____34_____ to be beautiful, kind, helpful and sweet. With my flight, I want to show young women that they can be _____35_____ and make their dreams come true.” 21. A. surfer B. soldier C. engineer D. pilot 22. A. challenge B. passage C. flight D. sailing 23. A. extended B. developed C. designed D. explored 24. A. directed B. forced C. headed D. pushed 25. A. pause B. holiday C. sleep D. rest 26. A. moved B. returned C. travelled D. rushed 27. A. curiosity B. deadline C. requirement D. permission 28. A. difficult B. necessary C. secure D. dependent 29. A. rescued B. watched C. accompanied D. praised 30. A. yet B. ever C. still D. always 31 A. dreams of B. cares about C. insists on D. relies on 32. A. upset B. interested C. included D. puzzled 33 A. careers B. hobbies C. chances D. responsibilities 34. A. reminded B. warned C. encouraged D. informed 35. A. energetic B. confident C. logical D. ambitious 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____37____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course,shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” ____40____ (promote) because of the criticism that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years,some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____44____ other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ____45____ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你校下周日有两个志愿者活动同时举行，一个在火车站，另一个在市文化博物馆。你的交换生朋友Peter不知道选择哪一个参加，写信向你寻求建议。请你写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 给出建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数为80左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Charitable Heart Mom had a unique perspective on being charitable that I didn’t really understand until one cold winter day when she picked me up at school. “Who is that child? “Mom peered through the windshield as a skinny, greasy-haired girl led a crew of ragged children across the street. “They don’t even have coats. It’s freezing! “ “That’s Becky Ingler. She always looks like that, “I replied. My mother watched them move along the sidewalk. “Where are we going? “I asked as she inched along the street, keeping pace about a half-block behind the Inglers. They entered a half-ruined store. “They live here?” Mom mumbled, looking at me. “Tell me about them.” I told her what I knew; that the Inglers didn’t have a father, and sometimes they smelled funny and everybody laughed at them. My mother nodded thoughtfully. “I think I’ll visit them tomorrow.” She turned to me and added, “I want you to come with me.” “OK.” I replied. The next day, I followed Mom to the Inglers’ front door. A tiny, exhausted-looking woman appeared, and Mom smiled and offered her hand. “Hello, Mrs. Ingler. I’m Mrs. Tovey. I’m just visiting some of our neighbors to get acquainted. “Once inside, my mother studied each of the children surrounding unhappy Becky, who was reading a worn-out book to them. She rudely ignored my nod. Mrs. Ingler smiled politely and thanked us for our visit. Before we left, Mom told Mrs. Ingler she sincerely hoped we would see her again soon. I could not understand what she meant by that, but I soon learned. Mom worked her old sewing machine for two days and nights. She collected coats from the donation boxes, local secondhand stores and our own closets, patching, taking in and letting out seams (缝合线). “Wow!” I said. “They’re lucky to get these.” “No,” said Mom as she faced me. “We’re the lucky ones to be able to help them. But we need to make sure the Inglers don’t have to pay a price for them. “She then explained, “I don’t want these coats to cost them their pride or their dignity.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Later that day, we went to the Inglers’ again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Mrs. Ingler gazed at the coat, and then glanced at Becky, who was eyeing it with interest. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衡阳县2025年下学期高一创新实验班期末质量检测试题 英 语 考生注意： 1.本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。 2.试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在答题卡上。 3.选择题部分用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，回答非选择题部分时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷上的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读二遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1.What does the woman plan to do tonight? A.Enjoy a concert B.Cook with the man. C.Stay at home. 2.What was the man doing this morning? A.Looking for birds. B.Taking scenery photos C.Feeding fat dogs. 3.What’s the woman concerned about? A.The remodeling work. B.The material shortages. C.The reopening of the library. 4.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.In a restaurant. B.In a hotel. C.In a store. 5.For what does the woman ask for a recommendation? A.A class meeting. B.A weekend break. C.A family trip. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What time might the bookstore close? A.At 3:00. B.At 3:45. C.At 4:30. 7.What is the man going to do first? A.Stay where he is. B.Buy a membership. C.Look for Lily 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.How does the woman sound in the beginning? AGrateful. B.Excited. C.Curious 9.What is the woman going to do on the 18th? A.Meet the man. B.Hold a party. C.Attend a meeting 10.What will the man do next? A.Grab the lunch. B.Send an email. C.Ask for information 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.What is the woman’s attitude towards the second summer camp? A.Preferring. B.Unconcerned. C.Doubtful 12.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Customer and client(客户). B.Husband and wife. C.Co-workers 13.What is the man most satisfied with about the first summer camp? A.Its price. B.Its meals. C.Its arrangement 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.When does Ms.White want Leo to volunteer? A.On May 10th. B.On May 11th. C.On May 13th 15.What will the volunteer wear this year? A.Green coats. B.White T-shirts. C.Baseball uniform 16.What will guests do first after arriving at the fair? A.Listen to a lecture. B.Tour around the fair. C.Share books 17.What is one of Leo’s responsibilities? A.Handing out brochures. B.Organizing book corners. C.Helping with book choices. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.What did the rescue teams do for the worst-hit villages? A.They treated the injured. B.They searched for survivors. C.They air-dropped necessities. 19.What impressed the speaker most? A.A child’s being rescued. B.Volunteers’ joining. C.Shelters’ being built 20.What is the speaker doing? A.Reporting an earthquake. B.Explaining signs before earthquakes. C.Illustrating safety measures during earthquakes. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are four samples of lesson plans we have on the esl-lounge.com Premium site. These show not only the different levels available but also the variety of types of lessons we have. All samples are in PDF format and open in a new window. Sample One — The Shrinking Lake Target Language: Discussing the environment. Description: A reading lesson based around environmental problems has an article about Lake Chad as its focus point. The lesson finishes with a speaking game about different problems in the environment. Sample Two — At The Department Store Target Language: Learning about future plans. Description: After a vocabulary exercise, the listening lesson consists of a customer in a department store speaking to a store assistant and asking where different items can be found. Memory game to finish with. Sample Three — Black Swan Hotel Target Language: Sentences about giving instructions and advice. Description: The Black Swan Hotel in England has a few problems today. Students have to identify the verb form being used to give instructions to the hotel handyman. The lesson finishes with a game in which the sentence mode is used. Sample Four — A View Of The Sea! Target Language: Writing a letter of complaint. Description: Students relive a nightmare vacation at a terrible hotel and then work in pairs to plan the perfect letter of complaint to the travel company. Focus on relevancy/ tone/style in a formal letter. 1. What is the text intended to do? A. Introduce four different topics. B. Publicize the use of PDF format. C. Provide language course designs. D. Offer options on language learning. 2. What does the sample “At The Department Store” focus on? A. Listening. B. Speaking. C. Reading. D. Writing. 3. Which lesson plan is mainly about grammar learning? A. Sample One. B. Sample Two. C. Sample Three. D. Sample Four. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述的是esl-lounge.com提供的四种英语课程样本，涵盖不同级别和类型，旨在为学习者提供多样化的语言学习选择，包括听力、语法及写作等方面。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Here are four samples of lesson plans we have on the esl-lounge.com Premium site. These show not only the different levels available but also the variety of types of lessons we have.(这里是我们esl-lounge.com高级站点上的四个课程计划样本。这些样本不仅展示了我们提供的不同级别，还展示了我们课程类型的多样性。)”可知，本文展示了来自esl-lounge.com高级站点的四个不同的英语作为第二语言（ESL）课程计划样本，由此可知，文本的主要目的是为潜在的学习者或教师提供多种语言学习的选择。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sample Two — At The Department Store部分中的“After a vocabulary exercise, the listening lesson consists of a customer in a department store speaking to a store assistant and asking where different items can be found.(在进行词汇练习之后，听力课程包括一位顾客在百货商店与店员对话，询问不同物品的位置。)”可知，这是一个听力课，内容涉及顾客与店员之间的对话。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sample Three — Black Swan Hotel部分中的“Students have to identify the verb form being used to give instructions to the hotel handyman. The lesson finishes with a game in which the sentence mode is used.(学生需要识别用于给酒店勤杂工指示的动词形式。课程以一个使用句子模式的游戏结束。)”可知，Sample Three课程计划主要关于语法学习，因为识别动词形式属于语法范畴。故选C项。 B Few people realize that it takes a number of volunteers for one young child to have a half-hour riding lesson. I volunteer at Valley Therapeutic Equestrian Association (VTEA) in Alder woods,close to the Washington State border. It takes a few paid staff and a number of volunteers — approximately eighty to take care of a dozen horses and help with eighty or more children during the week. There is a large barn to clean, and hay nets and water buckets to brush and fill. Specific feeds for each horse must be prepared twice daily...The list is endless. To prepare a horse for a ride, someone has to bring it in from outside, at times sinking into inches of black sticky mud during the winter months. Usually, two volunteers groom (刷洗梳毛) the horse and put on the special saddle (马鞍). Then they lead the horse to where the lesson takes place. There, one volunteer leads the horse, and usually two walk alongside for safety, one on each side. Then the horse must be returned to the barn, unsaddled, cleaned and fed. Yet so many people willingly give their time-because the children need us. Ranging in age from two upwards, the children have varying degrees of mental disabilities. Some have severe physical disabilities. Riding strengthens their muscles and bones, enabling them to enjoy a more fruitful life. Throughout my past life as an accountant, business author and speaker, I volunteered on many levels and in many organizations. However, a terrible motor-vehicle accident changed my life in a split second when my car was hit, causing severe brain injury. It was hard to accept a new “me” and my often-frustrating limitations, until I discovered that I needed to do something that I have a passion for. I’d loved horses from childhood and working with them. The children have helped turn my life around, making me warm from the inside out. The journey back has been painful but worthwhile. Now, fourteen years later, I am a different, more simplified person. 4. What can we know about the horse-riding lesson? A. Horses for riding lessons are cared for carefully. B. Horse-riding lessons bring common kids many benefits. C. Volunteers have much to do for a horse-riding lesson. D. Disabled children are taught horse-riding in a different way. 5. What does the author think of her voluntary work in VTEA? A. Risky and thrilling. B. Tiring but worthwhile. C. Funny and enjoyable. D. Demanding but fruitless. 6. What is true to the author from the last paragraph? A. The accident less impacted her life. B She benefited a lot from the voluntary work. C. She’s never recovered from the injury. D. She wasn’t interested in voluntary work before. 7. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Horse-riding: Toughest Lessons. B. Helping Children in Need? C. Surviving the Brain Injury. D. Volunteering: A Journey Back. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在谷治疗马术协会（VTEA）担任志愿者的经历，介绍马术课的志愿服务内容，以及这份志愿工作如何帮助遭遇车祸脑损伤的作者重建生活。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Few people realize that it takes a number of volunteers for one young child to have a half-hour riding lesson.(很少有人意识到，一个小孩上半小时的马术课需要许多志愿者的参与)”和“It takes a few paid staff and a number of volunteers — approximately eighty to take care of a dozen horses and help with eighty or more children during the week. There is a large barn to clean, and hay nets and water buckets to brush and fill. Specific feeds for each horse must be prepared twice daily...The list is endless.(每周需要几名正式员工和一众志愿者——约80人——照料十数匹马，同时为80多名孩子提供马术课程的协助。大家要打扫偌大的马厩，刷洗并添满草网和水桶，还得为每匹马量身准备特制饲料，每日两次……诸如此类的工作数不胜数)”以及第二段整段对马术课前后志愿者工作的详细描述可知，为了一节马术课，志愿者有大量的工作要做。故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段对志愿者繁杂工作的描述，以及最后一段中的“The journey back has been painful but worthwhile.(这段重拾自我的旅程很痛苦，但很值得)”可知，作者认为在VTEA的志愿工作虽然辛苦但很值得。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However, a terrible motor-vehicle accident changed my life in a split second when my car was hit, causing severe brain injury. It was hard to accept a new “me” and my often-frustrating limitations, until I discovered that I needed to do something that I have a passion for. I’d loved horses from childhood and working with them. The children have helped turn my life around, making me warm from the inside out. The journey back has been painful but worthwhile. Now, fourteen years later, I am a different, more simplified person.(然而，一场可怕的车祸突如其来，我的车被撞，导致了严重的脑损伤，我的人生也在一瞬间彻底改变。我难以接受全新的自己，也无法面对那些常常令人沮丧的身体局限，直到我意识到，我需要去做一件自己真正热爱的事。我从小就喜爱马，也喜欢和马相处。是这些孩子帮我扭转了人生的轨迹，让我从心底里感到温暖。这段重拾自我的旅程很痛苦，但很值得。如今十四年过去，我已然脱胎换骨，活成了更纯粹、更简单的自己)”可知，志愿工作帮助作者走出了车祸的阴影，重建了生活，作者从中获益良多。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段中“The journey back has been painful but worthwhile. Now, fourteen years later, I am a different, more simplified person.(这段重拾自我的旅程很痛苦，但很值得。如今十四年过去，我已然脱胎换骨，活成了更纯粹、更简单的自己)”可知，文章核心围绕作者在VTEA的志愿工作展开，重点讲述了遭遇车祸脑损伤后，这份志愿工作如何帮助作者重建生活、完成自我救赎的“回归之旅”。D项“志愿服务：一场回归之旅”既点明了核心事件“志愿服务”，又体现了作者通过志愿工作重建生活的核心主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选D项。 C In an effort to control the nation’s growing problem with food wastage, South Korea has started a unique initiative — “Pay as You Trash”. Residents are required to separate their food waste from the rest of their rubbish and throw it separately in a centralized dustbin. And in order to access the bin, they actually need to pay by the kilo! As of now, South Korea has three methods in place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) card — when users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the cap will open. This waste is automatically weighed and recorded in the user’s account. The user needs to settle this bill on a monthly basis. The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on volume. For instance, in Seoul, a 10-liter garbage bag costs around $1. There’s also a bar code management system in place, in which citizens throw food waste directly into compost bins and pay for it by purchasing bar code stickers attached to the bin. Nearly every residential complex in the nation is equipped with one of these three payment systems. Even before the pay-by-weight system was introduced, South Koreans were still being charged for food waste—the cost was simply divided equally among the residents of each apartment block. The new system is not only fair, but is also designed to make consumers really feel the pinch of unreasonable waste. The more food they throw out, the more they end up paying. Citizens like Seoul housewife Ms. Kwan are now adopting innovative methods to avoid food waste. She makes sure to remove all the liquid out of leftover food before throwing it away. While preparing vegetables, she tries to make use of as much as the eatable parts as possible to minimize waste. 8. What is the centralized dustbin designed to do? A. Keep food rubbish. B. Break down food rubbish. C. Process household rubbish. D. Classify household rubbish. 9 What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the three payment methods? A. Their development procedure. B. Their construction cost. C. Their innovative appearance. D. Their operating principle. 10. How were the citizens charged before the new system was put forward? A. They paid a fixed fee. B. They shared the cost equally. C. They paid by weight. D. They enjoyed free access. 11. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “feel the pinch” Paragraph 3? A. Predict the prospect. B. Analyse the component. C. Suffer the consequences. D. Propose the solution. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了控制韩国日益严重的食物浪费问题，韩国推出了一项独特的举措——“为垃圾买单”。居民们被要求将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，分别扔进一个集中的垃圾箱。为了进入垃圾桶，他们实际上需要按公斤付钱！ 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Residents are required to separate their food waste from the rest of their rubbish and throw it separately in a centralized dustbin.(居民们被要求将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，分别扔进一个集中的垃圾箱)”可知，集中垃圾箱的设计目的是保存食品垃圾。故选A。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“As of now, South Korea has three methods in place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) card — when users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the cap will open. This waste is automatically weighed and recorded in the user’s account. The user needs to settle this bill on a monthly basis. The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on volume. For instance, in Seoul, a 10-liter garbage bag costs around $1. There’s also a bar code management system in place, in which citizens throw food waste directly into compost bins and pay for it by purchasing bar code stickers attached to the bin.(到目前为止，韩国有三种方法向市民收取丢弃食物的费用。一种是通过RFID（无线射频识别）卡——当用户在一个特别设计的食物垃圾桶上轻按这张卡时，盖子就会打开。这些废物会自动称重并记录在用户的帐户中。用户需要按月结算这笔账单。第二种计费方式是通过预付费垃圾袋。这些特别设计的袋子根据体积定价。例如，在首尔，一个10升的垃圾袋的价格约为1美元。还有一个条形码管理系统，市民直接将食物垃圾扔进堆肥箱，并通过购买贴在垃圾桶上的条形码贴纸来支付费用)”可知，关于这三种支付方式，第二段主要告诉我们其操作原理。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Even before the pay-by-weight system was introduced, South Koreans were still being charged for food waste—the cost was simply divided equally among the residents of each apartment block.(甚至在实行按重量计费制度之前，韩国人仍在为食物浪费收费——费用只是在每个公寓的居民中平均分配)”可知，在新制度提出之前，市民平均分担费用。故选B。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The new system is not only fair, but is also designed to make consumers really(新系统不仅是公平的，而且是设计来真正使消费者……)”以及后文“The more food they throw out, the more they end up paying.(他们扔掉的食物越多，最终支付的费用就越多)”可知，新制度不仅公平，而且旨在让消费者真正承担不合理浪费的后果。因为他们扔掉的食物越多，最终支付的费用就越多。故画线词意思是“承担后果”。故选C。 D Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food. Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food. Using a computer model, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward. “The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model. The model created is thus capable of generalizing from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples. The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. 12. What is the aim of the research? A. To analyse the application of biological brain computation principles. B. To seek promotion of machine learning and artificial intelligence. C. To shed light on how the nervous systems of insects work. D. To uncover how insects apply sensory information in search of food. 13. Which statement about the research method is NOT TRUE? A. The researchers collected the data by using a computer model. B. The researchers focused on how the fruit fly’s nervous system reacts to scents. C. The researchers trained the model in the same way as training fruit flies. D. The researchers presented two different scents to carry out a control experiment. 14. What do the results of the research imply? A. Insects’ nervous systems are more sensitive to particular scents. B. Artificial intelligence is significant to biological brain research. C. Sensory information is widely applied in machine learning. D. Research on insect brain can contribute to AI development. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To present predictions about the future of machine learning. B. To illustrate the method and findings of a scientific study. C. To call on more research on insect brain and behavior. D. To introduce a practical method of insect research. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。昆虫的神经系统能获取并将感官性信息转换为记忆，控制其行为来完成如觅食这样的复杂任务，动物学家通过研究这一过程，寻求其对未来机器学习和人工智能的启发。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence (动物学家研究了昆虫的神经系统，以研究生物大脑计算的原理以及对机器学习和人工智能的可能影响)”最后一段“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)可知，动物学家研究昆虫神经系统的目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理和对机器学习及人工智能的可能影响。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward. (他们在模拟中呈现了一种特定的气味以及奖励，而第二种气味则没有奖励。)”可知，研究过程中确实使用了两种气味，但研究方法并非对照实验，而只是测试该模型对于有奖励的气味的反应。因此，关于研究方法的说法是不正确的是D项“研究人员提出了两种不同的气味来进行对照实验”。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，研究的结果表明，大脑中感官性信息转换为记忆能够启示未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的运用，因此，对昆虫大脑的研究能促进人工智能的发展，故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。本文全文皆在介绍一项研究，从研究目的到研究方法，再到研究结果，文章第三段讲到“Using a computer model, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents coming from the food source. (他们使用计算机模型模拟和分析了果蝇神经系统对食物来源气味的反应。)”以及最后一段“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是说明科学研究的方法和发现。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Spending time in nature simply means being outside in natural surroundings like parks, forests, gardens, or even your backyard. Nature includes everything from trees, plants, rivers, and lakes to beaches, mountains, and wildlife.____16____Here’s how nature has such a powerful effect. Stress is a common part of life, but spending time in nature can help relieve it. ____17____You might notice the sound of birds singing, the feel of a breeze on your skin, or the sight of green trees and blue skies. These natural elements help your mind focus on something peaceful, allowing the tension and worries of everyday life to fade away. ____18____Your body releases a hormone called cortisol when you’re stressed, but when you are in nature, you can reduce the level of cortisol. By reducing cortisol, nature helps you feel more relaxed and balanced. Have you ever noticed why being outside in the sunshine or walking through a park can instantly make you feel better? ____19____When you spend time outside, your body releases chemicals like serotonin and endorphins — these are the “feel-good” chemicals that help boost your mood and make you feel happier. Nature also gives you a break from the noise and distractions of everyday life to be more positive and energized. When you step away from busy environments and immerse yourself in nature, you have time to clear your mind and focus on the beauty around you. ____20____So why not take a break and step outside to enjoy nature? A. Additionally, being in nature can lower your stress. B. This can leave you feeling more refreshed and positive. C. When you spend time in nature, your mind is totally free. D. That’s because nature has a way of improving your mood. E. When you are in nature, your senses are engaged in a calming way. F. You can experience nature by walking, sitting, or just being outdoors. G. Being in nature has a calming and refreshing effect on your mind and body. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了亲近大自然的好处。大自然能调动感官、降低压力荷尔蒙，还能分泌快乐激素，从而缓解压力、改善情绪，让我们身心放松、充满活力。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Spending time in nature simply means being outside in natural surroundings like parks, forests, gardens, or even your backyard. Nature includes everything from trees, plants, rivers, and lakes to beaches, mountains, and wildlife.(在大自然中度过时光，就是指身处自然环境之中，比如公园、森林、花园，甚至是自家的后院。大自然涵盖的内容十分广泛，从树木、植物、河流、湖泊到海滩、山脉以及野生动物等等)”可知，第一段是文章的总起段。前两句定义了什么是“大自然”，后一句提到“Here’s how nature has such a powerful effect.(这就是大自然能产生如此强大影响的原因所在)”。因此，空处需要一句承上启下的话，概括大自然对人的好处。G选项“置身大自然对身心有镇静和提神的作用”符合语境，引出下文。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Stress is a common part of life, but spending time in nature can help relieve it.(压力是生活中常见的现象，但身处大自然中能够有助于缓解压力)”以及后文“You might notice the sound of birds singing, the feel of a breeze on your skin, or the sight of green trees and blue skies. These natural elements help your mind focus on something peaceful, allowing the tension and worries of everyday life to fade away.(你可能会听到鸟儿的鸣叫声，感受到微风拂过肌肤的感觉，或者看到绿树和蓝天的景象。这些自然元素能让你的思绪专注于一种宁静的状态，从而使日常生活的紧张与忧虑逐渐消散)”可知，本段主题是大自然能缓解压力。空后一句提到了听觉、触觉、视觉，这些都是感官（senses）。E选项“当你置身大自然时，你的感官会以一种平静的方式被调动起来”与后文的具体感官描写紧密衔接。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Your body releases a hormone called cortisol when you’re stressed, but when you are in nature, you can reduce the level of cortisol. By reducing cortisol, nature helps you feel more relaxed and balanced.(当你感到压力时，你的身体会分泌一种叫做皮质醇的激素。但当你身处大自然中时，你可以降低皮质醇的水平。通过降低皮质醇的含量，大自然能帮助你感到更加放松和平衡)”可知，本段主要讲压力。空后一句提到了具体的生理机制：压力荷尔蒙降低。A选项“此外，置身大自然可以降低你的压力水平”起到了承上启下的作用，既是对上文“缓解压力”的补充，又引出了下文的生理解释。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever noticed why being outside in the sunshine or walking through a park can instantly make you feel better?(你有没有想过，为什么置身于阳光下或者漫步于公园里会让人立刻感觉心情变好呢？)”可知，空前一句是一个问句：“你有没有注意到为什么……会让你立刻感觉更好？”。回答“Why”通常用“That’s because...”。D选项“那是因为大自然有改善你情绪的方法”直接回答了原因，且对应本段关于“让人感觉良好的化学物质”的主题。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“When you step away from busy environments and immerse yourself in nature, you have time to clear your mind and focus on the beauty around you.(当你远离喧嚣的环境，投身于大自然之中时，你便有时间让思绪得以沉淀，专注于周围美丽的景色)”可知，本段讲大自然能让人心情变好。空前一句提到清理思绪，专注于美景”，这是过程。B选项“这会让你感到更加神清气爽和积极乐观” 是这一过程带来的最终结果，与前文逻辑通顺。故选B。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Zara Rutherford has set the world record as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world. The British-Belgian ____21____ started her trip worldwide on August 18, 2021. The ____22____ was supposed to take three months. But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded and ____23____ the trip by about two months. And then she started in Belgium and ____24____ west over Britain, Iceland, and Greenland. The path took her over Canada and the United States. Rutherford couldn’t leave Alaska due to weather and visa delays. A winter storm forced another long ____25____ in Russia before she traveled to Korea, the Middle East, and ____26____ to Europe. To meet the ____27____ for a round-the-world flight, Rutherford had to land on two points opposite each other on Earth: Jambi in Indonesia and Tumaco in Colombia. The last part of her trip had been ____28____ , for she had to deal with rain and snow. But she was happy to be ____29____ by the Belgian Air Force before landing, which she felt grateful for their company. Rutherford has been _____30_____ traveling in small planes with her parents since she was six. She gained her pilot’s license in 2020 and started flying herself at 14. She _____31_____ being an astronaut and she hopes her trip will get more women _____32_____ in science, technology, and aviation. Rutherford said, “Boys are taught to choose their _____33_____ as scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents. Girls are often _____34_____ to be beautiful, kind, helpful and sweet. With my flight, I want to show young women that they can be _____35_____ and make their dreams come true.” 21. A. surfer B. soldier C. engineer D. pilot 22. A. challenge B. passage C. flight D. sailing 23. A. extended B. developed C. designed D. explored 24. A. directed B. forced C. headed D. pushed 25. A. pause B. holiday C. sleep D. rest 26. A. moved B. returned C. travelled D. rushed 27. A. curiosity B. deadline C. requirement D. permission 28. A. difficult B. necessary C. secure D. dependent 29. A. rescued B. watched C. accompanied D. praised 30. A. yet B. ever C. still D. always 31. A. dreams of B. cares about C. insists on D. relies on 32. A. upset B. interested C. included D. puzzled 33. A. careers B. hobbies C. chances D. responsibilities 34. A. reminded B. warned C. encouraged D. informed 35. A. energetic B. confident C. logical D. ambitious 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了英裔比利时籍姑娘扎拉·拉瑟福德独自驾驶飞机环球飞行的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位英籍比利时飞行员于2021年8月18日开始了她的环球之旅。A. surfer冲浪运动员；B. soldier士兵；C. engineer工程师；D. pilot飞行员。根据上文的“the youngest woman to fly alone around the world”和下文的内容可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德(Zara Rutherford)是英裔比利时籍的飞行员。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行原计划花三个月的时间。A. challenge挑战；B. passage通道；C. flight飞行；D. sailing航行。根据上文的“the youngest woman to fly alone around the world”和下文的内容“With my flight”可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德(Zara Rutherford)是英裔比利时籍的飞行员，进行环游世界飞行。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但恶劣的天气和签证延误使她停飞，并将行程延长了大约两个月。A. extended延长；扩展；B. developed发展；C. designed设计；D. explored探讨。根据上文的“But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded”可知，因为糟糕的天气等原因，扎拉的飞行时间被迫延长两个月。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来她从比利时出发，向西越过英国、冰岛和格陵兰岛。A. directed指导；B. forced迫使；C. headed朝着；D. pushed敦促。根据上文的“then she started in Belgium”和下文的“west over Britain”可知，然后扎拉从比利时出发，向西飞去。headed 意为“朝某个方向行进”。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一场冬季暴风雪迫使她在俄罗斯又停留了很长一段时间，之后她前往韩国、中东，然后返回欧洲。A. pause停顿；B. holiday假日；C. sleep睡眠；D. rest休息。根据上文的“Rutherford couldn’t leave Alaska due to weather and visa delays.”可知，暴风雪又迫使扎拉不得不在俄罗斯停留一段时间。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. moved移动；B. returned返回；C. travelled旅行；D. rushed猛冲。根据第二段的“And then she started in Belgium”可知，扎拉结束自己的飞行路线后会回到欧洲。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了满足环球飞行的要求，拉瑟福德不得不在地球上两个相对的地点降落：印度尼西亚的占碑省和哥伦比亚的图马科。A. curiosity好奇心；B. deadline截止期限；C. requirement要求；D. permission准许。根据下文的“for a round-the-world flight”可知，为了符合环球飞行的要求，飞行员得在印尼的占碑省和哥伦比亚的图马科省降落。meet the requirement for…意为“满足……的要求”。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从德国出发的最后一段旅程很艰难。A. difficult困难的；B. necessary必要的；C. secure安全的；D. dependent依赖的。根据下文的“for she had to deal with rain and snow”可知，扎拉的最后一段飞行非常艰难。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她很高兴在降落前有比利时空军的陪同，她很感激他们陪伴。A. rescued挽救；B. watched看；C. accompanied陪伴；D. praised表扬。根据下文的“by the Belgian Air Force before landing”和“which she felt grateful for their company.”可知，在飞机降落前，比利时空军陪伴扎拉一起飞行。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：拉瑟福德从6岁起就总是和她的飞行员父母一起乘坐小型飞机旅行。A. yet然而；B. ever曾经；C. still然而；D. always总是。根据下文的“since she was six”可知，自从六岁时，扎拉就一直和父母乘坐小型飞机旅行。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她梦想成为一名宇航员，她希望她的这次旅程能让更多的女性对科学、技术和航空感兴趣。A. dreams of梦想；B. cares about在乎；关心；C. insists on坚持；D. relies on依靠。根据“She gained her pilot’s license in 2020 and started flying herself at 14.”可知，扎拉渴望成为一名宇航员。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. upset打翻；B. interested使感兴趣；C. included包括；D. puzzled使迷惑。根据“she hopes”和上文提到的扎拉对飞行的爱好可推断，扎拉也希望自己的环球飞行能激发更多的女性对科学、技术和飞行等领域的兴趣。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩们被教给选择他们的职业成为科学家、宇航员、首席执行官或总统。A. careers事业；职业；B. hobbies爱好；C. chances机会；D. responsibilities责任。根据下文的“as scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents”可知，男孩子们从小被教育要从事科学家、宇航员、首席执行官或总统等职业。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们经常鼓励女孩们要漂亮、善良、乐于助人和可爱。A. reminded提醒；B. warned警告；C. encouraged鼓励；D. informed通知。根据上文的“Boys are taught”可知，女孩子们被鼓励成为美丽、善良、助人为乐且可爱的人。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过我的这次飞行，我想向年轻女性展示，她们可以有雄心，实现自己的梦想。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. confident自信的；C. logical符合逻辑的；D. ambitious有抱负的。根据上文的“With my flight”和下文的“make their dreams come true”可知，扎拉希望自己的飞行可以让人们相信女孩子也可以成为一个有理想抱负的人。故选D。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____37____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course,shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” ____40____ (promote) because of the criticism that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years,some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____44____ other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ____45____ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【答案】36. to benefit 37. or 38. that##which 39. what 40. promotions 41. be offered 42. have started 43. designed 44. the 45. ones 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍超市多推行家庭装、多买优惠等销售策略，这对单人购物者并不友好，同时提及超市为改善这一情况所做的尝试及未来可能的发展方向。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，如果你是为自己一个人购物，为了享受降价优惠而多买东西是没有意义的。分析句子结构，句子主干为buying extra doesn’t make sense，此处需用不定式作目的状语，说明“多买东西”的目的是“享受降价优惠”，故填to benefit。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：要么你的购物袋太重搬不回家，要么你买的东西还没新鲜的时候就用不完了。either...or...为固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”，符合语境，故填or。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句引导词。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——它们以能让自己赚最多钱的方式给商品定价。分析句子结构，此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为the way，且从句中缺少主语，故填that/which。 【39题详解】 考查表语从句引导词。句意：如果大多数顾客乐于购买更大批量的商品，那就是他们会推广的（东西）。分析句子结构，此处为表语从句，从句中缺少promote的宾语，指代“更大批量的商品”，应用连接代词what。故填what。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于有人批评“买一送一”会造成浪费，许多超市不再推行这种促销活动了。此处作doing的宾语，需用名词形式，promote的名词为promotion，结合下文they可知，promotion应用复数形式，故填promotions。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠便宜几美分很好，但如果它们有时能以小包装的形式供应，那就更有帮助了。分析句子结构，they指代前文的a pack of sausages，与offer之间为被动关系，且情态动词could后接动词原形，故填be offered。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉，包装设计成两半，各包含独立的份量。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知，此处用现在完成时，主语some supermarkets为复数，故填have started。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉，包装设计成两半，各包含独立的份量。分析句子结构，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，packs与design之间为被动关系，即包装被设计成两半，故填designed。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这样一来，当你用其中一部分时，另一部分还能保持新鲜。one...the other...为固定搭配，意为“（两者中的）一个……另一个……”，此处指代包装的两半，故填the。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更具前瞻性的超市还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，同时还有特别优惠。此处指代前文的supermarkets，为复数概念，one的复数形式为ones，故填ones。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你校下周日有两个志愿者活动同时举行，一个在火车站，另一个在市文化博物馆。你的交换生朋友Peter不知道选择哪一个参加，写信向你寻求建议。请你写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 给出建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数为80左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m glad to hear that you want to participate in volunteer activities! I recommend you choose the event at the city cultural museum. This is a great opportunity to learn about our local culture and history while helping others. What’s more, you can communicate with local people there. It’ll be really meaningful. Meanwhile, you’ll meet interesting people and gain valuable insights about our community. On the other hand, the train station event might be busier and less organized. Enjoy your volunteering experience! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在校下周日有两个志愿者活动同时举行，一个在火车站，另一个在市文化博物馆。考生交换生朋友Peter不知道选择哪一个参加，写信向考生寻求建议。请你写一封回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→ delighted 此外：What’s more→ Besides 参加：participate in→ take part in 获得：gain→ obtain 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What’s more, you can communicate with local people there. It’ll be really meaningful. 拓展句：What’s more, you can communicate with local people there, which will be really meaningful. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to hear that you want to participate in volunteer activities!（运用了连接词that引导的宾语从句。） 【高分句型2】This is a great opportunity to learn about our local culture and history while helping others.（运用了动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰opportunity和状语从句的省略。） 第二节读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Charitable Heart Mom had a unique perspective on being charitable that I didn’t really understand until one cold winter day when she picked me up at school. “Who is that child? “Mom peered through the windshield as a skinny, greasy-haired girl led a crew of ragged children across the street. “They don’t even have coats. It’s freezing! “ “That’s Becky Ingler. She always looks like that, “I replied. My mother watched them move along the sidewalk. “Where are we going? “I asked as she inched along the street, keeping pace about a half-block behind the Inglers. They entered a half-ruined store. “They live here?” Mom mumbled, looking at me. “Tell me about them.” I told her what I knew; that the Inglers didn’t have a father, and sometimes they smelled funny and everybody laughed at them. My mother nodded thoughtfully. “I think I’ll visit them tomorrow.” She turned to me and added, “I want you to come with me.” “OK.” I replied. The next day, I followed Mom to the Inglers’ front door. A tiny, exhausted-looking woman appeared, and Mom smiled and offered her hand. “Hello, Mrs. Ingler. I’m Mrs. Tovey. I’m just visiting some of our neighbors to get acquainted. “Once inside, my mother studied each of the children surrounding unhappy Becky, who was reading a worn-out book to them. She rudely ignored my nod. Mrs. Ingler smiled politely and thanked us for our visit. Before we left, Mom told Mrs. Ingler she sincerely hoped we would see her again soon. I could not understand what she meant by that, but I soon learned. Mom worked her old sewing machine for two days and nights. She collected coats from the donation boxes, local secondhand stores and our own closets, patching, taking in and letting out seams (缝合线). “Wow!” I said. “They’re lucky to get these.” “No,” said Mom as she faced me. “We’re the lucky ones to be able to help them. But we need to make sure the Inglers don’t have to pay a price for them. “She then explained, “I don’t want these coats to cost them their pride or their dignity.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Later that day, we went to the Inglers’ again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Mrs. Ingler gazed at the coat, and then glanced at Becky, who was eyeing it with interest. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Later that day, we went to the Inglers’ again. Taking a deep breath, I pressed their doorbell and the front door opened. “I hope we haven’t come at a bad time, “my mother said as we entered the smoky, little room, “but we have some winter coats here that are in decent condition from the donation boxes and I just wondered if you might know of any children who could use them. Maybe even your own children might like them. It was just a thought, so. …” Then my mother lifted a blue girl’s coat out of the bag. Mrs. Ingler gazed at the coat, and then glanced at Becky, who was eyeing it with interest. “I’d be happy to help. “Mrs. Ingler gave my mother a knowing look. “And I appreciate you thinking of me for this. Thank you.” “Oh, please, don’t mention it. You’re doing us a favor, “my mother laughed. As we left, I glanced at Becky, who was examining the coats. She smiled at me, and her face was transformed into a Becky I hadn’t seen before. I realized I had never seen such a smile on Becky’s face. I smiled back and felt very proud of what we had done. It was on that night that I finally realized why my Mom always helped people with her kind heart. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妈妈注意到了Ingler家的孩子在寒冷的天气里没有保暖的衣服穿，作者的妈妈前往Ingler家拜访，回到家后作者妈妈在缝纫机前忙了两天两夜，她从捐款箱、当地的二手商店和我们自己的衣橱里收集大衣，修补、缝补、拆缝，作者妈妈说不想让这些外套让Ingler家失去自尊或尊严。 【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“那天晚些时候，我们又去了Ingler家。”可知，第一段可描写在Ingler家妈妈如何把外套交给Ingler家的人。 ②由第二段首句内容“Ingler太太看了看外套，又看了看Becky，Becky正饶有兴趣地打量着。”可知，第二段可描写Becky拿到衣服后的反应和作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：妈妈提出来意——拿出衣服——Becky接受衣服——Becky高兴——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①举起：lift/raise ②检查：examine/check ③意识到：realize/be aware that 情绪类 ①高兴：happy/delighted ②自豪：feel proud of/take pride in 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was on that night that I finally realized why my Mom always helped people with her kind heart.(运用了强调句和why引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] As we left, I glanced at Becky, who was examining the coats. (由as引导的时间状语从句和关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $