卷10 七选五(一)-【三新金卷·先享题】2026年安徽省高考英语真题分类优化卷(分项A)

最新5年高考真题分类优化卷·英语（十） 卷10阅读七选五（一） 本卷共35小题，每小题2.5分，满分87.5分 一、(2024·新课标全国I卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可 以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Not all great writers are great spellers.If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect,professionally presented manuscript )1 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk:dictionary and the- saurus(同义词词典).Idon't trust my laptop's spellchecker.2_Of course,these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses,but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pa- ges I can leaf through with my fingers.I use the Concise Oxford Diction- ary and the Collins Thesaurus. 3 It should give you a precise definition of each word,thus dif- ferentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not i- dentical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition,I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary,picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.Of course,with its 2,672 pages,it's not exactly short.It contains around 163,000 words,plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.4 However,if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755.“To make dictionaries is dull(乏昧)work,”wrote Johnson,illustrating one definition of "dull".5 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A.I don't often use this dictionary. B.It takes no account of the context. C.But I still don't want to replace them. D.But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E.Of course,a dictionary is not only for spelling. F.That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G.Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 二、(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可 以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Overtourism Is For Real:How Can You Help? 【最新5年高考真题分类优化卷(26-Z)·英语（十）10-1】 Travel promotes understanding,expands our minds,makes us bet- ter people,and boosts local economies and communities,but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destina- tions.6 Certainly not.The loss of what travel offers would be unac- ceptable in today's world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. Choose mindfully.Overvisited destinations are that way for a rea- son:they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places,it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape,culture or food deeply draws you.7 Get creative.The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed des- tinations is to go somewhere else.Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.That means you have tons of less- visited options to choose from.8 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights? 9 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.You'll compete with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost the e- conomy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege().Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.10 _You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. A.Visit during off-peak times. B.So,should we stop traveling? C.Travel for you and no one else. D.Can overtourism be avoided then? E.You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F.You'll find yourself virtually alone,or close to it. G.Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. 三、(2024·浙江)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the past few years,online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.11 But are all online courses created equal?How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? 12 We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about on- line courses,The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.13 "I think a point that many peo- ple lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,"says grad- uate student Amanda Bindman.Before choosing to study online, consider whether you're a self-motivated learner and if the material 【10-2】 seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple:build online courses into your weekly schedule,just like what you would do with in person cour- ses.14 He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.It is so easy to let an online course slide,but your grades will suffer as a result.Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. 15 A social connection is often a big part of learning.There are things you can do to ease this problem.Jessica Pink,an undergraduate student,suggests taking online courses with a friend,so you can moti- vate each other to stay on track.You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group,or schedule in-person meet- ings with your professor to discuss course concepts. A.But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines. B.Your motivation should be your main concern. C.Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D.Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and on- line. E.The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human in- teraction. F.If you take an online course,what can you do to ensure the best possi- ble grade? G.A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 四、(2023·新课标全国I卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可 以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step,but don't beat yourself up about them.To err (is human.16 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper,put the heading "Personal strengths."17 Are you caring?Creative?Generous?A good liste- ner?Fun to be around?They don't have to be world-changing,just as- pects of your personality that you're proud of. At the top of a second page,put the heading "Acts of kindness. On this one,list all the positive things you've done for others.It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework,when you did the ironing without being asked,or when you baked cookies after the family hadhad a tiring day.18 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.19 That way,you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you spe- cial and the aspects of your personality that shine through.In fact,don't 【10-3】 wait until you've made a mistake to try this-it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It's something of a cliché（陈词滥调）that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes.The thing is,it's true.20 We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D.It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E.It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F.Whatever it is,no matter how small it might seem,write it down. G.Whatever the mistake,remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your per- sonality. 五、(2025·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可 以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As an artist who shares her journey on social media,I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey.Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer.I do remember,though,what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small..I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本)for small studies.These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.21 You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. Paint often and paint from life.There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.Whether you paint still lifes,portraits, or landscapes,paint from life as much as possible.22 Continually challenge yourself to try something new.23 Ar tistic growth can be a bit painful.Welcome to the club;we've all been there.I love taking on challenges.I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. ·24_Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth.I post my work on social media and,in turn,have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel valued and respected,no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you're on won't follow a straight path.25 Push through,give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. 【10-4】 C.Don't throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You'll hit roadblocks,and you'll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and,if needed,redefine your role. G.You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 六、(2025·全国I卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever,why not book your next domestic vacation on a train?Compared to other alternatives,it's comfortable and relaxing.Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead.Most long-distance trains,especially the sleeping car ac- commodations,sell out very quickly.26 But no matter when you travel,it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in ad- vance. Use a travel agent.Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details,make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations.A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets.27 Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket.When you're riding on trains,you won't be provided with a blanket for free,even if your trip is an overnight one. 28 In the summer in particular,the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early.Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week,so missing yours can be a disaster.29 Note:The times listed on the schedules are departure times,not arrival times. Have fun.30 Read a book,knit,do a crossword puzzle,or sim- ply watch the world unfold outside the window.To calculate your speed as you do,divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts).If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile,you're going 67.92 mph. A.Train trips aren't for impatient types. B.You'll have views from both sides of the train. C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D.That's particularly true during busy summer months. E.You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F.Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G.He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner. 【10-5】 七、(2023·北京)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It's a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. 31 When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education,they're of- ten surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.32 Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universi- ties,on average,scored higher on teaching than courses in higher- ranked universities.33 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success.Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings,however,are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.Administrators often don't view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (or funding. 34 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary.What is the result?Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures,which lead to lower success rates. 35 Nevertheless,not much will change until schools with high- quality teaching are rewarded with more resources,higher rankings and increased enrolments.In the long term,universities,organisations that rank schools,and others should work to make teaching a valued,core part of the mission. What should students and their families do?They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued,even though the schools may be ranked lower. A.Higher education has achieved its true potential. B.Therefore,it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C.Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D.However,the rankings ignore a critical factor:the quality of teach- ing. E.Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F.They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by uni- versities. G.In fact,universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other rank- ing lactors. 【10-6】of a wholly private,‘off-line'activity(印刷书籍 仍然提供了完全私人的‘离线’活动的机会)”可 推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷 书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。城市化让人 们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现城市 中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。 研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查，发 现与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言， 帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。 该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然。 17.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容“As cities bal- loon with growth,access to nature for people liv- ing in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky,there might be a pocket park near where you live,but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.(随着城市的飞速发 展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自 然。如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有 一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方 是罕见的)”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现 象，在城市里，人们很雄找到野生的自然。故 选B。 l8.A推理判断题。根据第三段的“They surveyed several hundred park-goers,asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interac- tion they had with nature in the park.The re- searchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码)experiences into different categories.（他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他 们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里 与大自然有意义的互动。然后，研究人员检查了 这些提交的信息，将体验分为不同的类别)”可 知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大 自然互动的活动把游客分类，再根据第四段 "Across the 320 submissions,a pattern of cate- gories the researchers call a 'nature language' began to emerge.After the coding of all submis- sions,half a dozen categories were noted most of- ten as important to visitors.(在这320份提交的 作品中，一种被研究人员称为·自然语言’的分类 模式开始出现。在对所有提交的内容进行编码 【32 后，有六个类别被认为对游客最重要)”可推断， 给游客分类是为了区分不同的游客类别。故 选A。 l9.C推理判断题。根据第五段内容“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example,the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday,they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. (命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言， 这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意 和最有意义的活动中。例如，沿着水边散步的经 历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在周末去公园 徒步旅行时感到满意。在工作日回到市中心，他 们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受一种更居家 的互动方式)”可知，本段讲述了自然体验创造一 种可用的语言，有助于人们识别并参与对自己来 说最满意最有意义的活动，接下来以一个年轻的 专业人士参与自然的方式举例说明，去公园时沿 着水边散步让他感到满意，回到市中心工作时他 可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足。因此推知，从 第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体验 可以呈现不同的形式。故选C。 20.B推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen,we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it, said Peter Kahn,a senior author of the study. (“我们正试图创造一种语言，帮助将人类与自然 的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点， 我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，” 该研究的资深作者彼得·卡恩说。)”可推断，彼 得·卡恩认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应 该先要保护自然。故选B。 卷10七选五（一） 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍 了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的 】 乐趣。 L.F上文“If you want to be published,it's vital to submit a perfect,professionally presented manu- script.(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手 稿是至关重要的。)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的 重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的 手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good gram- mar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正 确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释 说明，符合题意。故选F项。 2.B上文“Idon't trust my laptop's spellchecker.. (我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了 作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器；下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses,but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同 义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和 能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体 书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不 会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes no account of the context..(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原 因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。 3.E下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word,thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not identi- cal.It will also usually show how the word is pro- nounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而 将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。 它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功 能，E选项“Of course,a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到 了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。 4.A下文“However,if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there's nothing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词 的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好 的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“Idon't often use this dictionary..(我不经常用这本字 典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折 关系。故选A项。 5.D上文“‘To make dictionaries is dull(乏味) 【 3 work,'wrote Johnson,illustrating one definition of‘dull'.[约翰逊在解释‘dull'的一个定义时写 道：‘编字典是件无聊的工作（乏味）。’门”提到了编 写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience,.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两 页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种 阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐 趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成 对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。 【语篇解读】本文为一簫说明文，介绍了如何 避免“过度旅游”的现象。 6.B前文“Travel promotes understanding,expands our minds,makes us better people,and boosts local economies and communities,but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations..(旅游促进理解，扩展我 们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和 社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目 的地的过度旅游。)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后 文“The loss of what travel offers would be unac ceptable in today's world.(在当今世界，失去旅行 所能提供的东西将是不可接受的。)”表示不能失 去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.（当然不)”可知， 空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该 停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。 7.C前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason:they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places,it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape,culture or food deeply draws you. 过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有 这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得 你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你 时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为 你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时 的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符 合语境。故选C。 8.E前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太 受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional 】 alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights？(为什么不尝试一个地区性 的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知 的景，点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点， E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语 境一致。故选E。 9.A空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高 峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时 要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在 非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。 l0.G前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place..(尽你的一份 力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表 明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be a mazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉 知此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回 馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故 选G。 【语篇解读】这是一簫说明文。文章主要说明 了在线学习的注意事项。 ll.G由上文“In the past few years,online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.(在过去的几年里，在线学习 已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线 学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象 的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.(一项调查发现， 29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上文， 符合题意。故选G。 l2.F由上文“If you take an online course,what can you do to ensure the best possible grade？(但 是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确定 数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提 出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“f you take an online course,what can you do to en- sure the best possible grade?(如果你参加了在线 课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)” 能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 3 l3.A由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.(在线学习最明显的优势是你可以 随时随地学习。)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是 可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说跟“学习时间” 有关的话题，故A选项“But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines..(但这并不意味着没有最 后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，tht指代上一 句话，符合题意。故选A。 l4.D由下文“He noted that his online students u- sually end up with lower grades.(他指出，他的在 线学生最终的成绩通常较低。)”可知，本空要说 跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.(Alex Davidson教授亲自授课和在线 授课。)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D项中的 “Alex Davidson教授”，符合题意。故选D。 l5.E由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning.There are things you can do to ease this problem.Jessica Pink,an undergraduate student,suggests taking online courses with a friend,so you can motivate each other to stay on track.You can also find students on the class dis- cussion board to organize a study group,or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts.(社会关系通常是学习 的重要组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这 个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起 参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激励，坚持 下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织 一个学习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议， 讨论课程概念。)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的 互动”有关的话题，故E选项“The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human in- teraction..(对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人 与人之间的互动。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故 选E。 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人 们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个筒单的写作练习来 增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人 们可以学会原谅自已的错误，并从中成长。 l6.D根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mis 】 takes is a positive step,but don't beat yourself up about them.To err(犯错)is human.(为错误承 担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰 能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担 责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结 合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this..(你可以使用下面的 写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this'” 以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太 自责”相似。选项D“It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同 样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启 下的作用。故选D。 17.B根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper,put the heading‘Personal strengths.’(在 日记或纸上写上‘个人优点’。)”以及空后内容 "Are you caring?Creative?Generous?A good liste ner?Fun to be around?They don't have to be world-changing,just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？ 你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有 趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让 你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列 出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself..(现在列出 所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内 容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 l8.F根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading'Acts of kindness.'On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others.It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework,when you did the ironing without being asked,or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页 的顶部，写上‘善举’的标题。在这张单子上，列 出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是 当你帮助朋友做作业的时侯，当你没有被要求却 主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之 后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列 出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem,write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要 【 3 把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管 你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都 记下来。故选F。 19.C根据空后内容“That way,you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈 是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性 中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这 种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选 C"They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)” 符合语境，C项中的“They”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your 1ist,(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内 容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一 致，同时选项C和下文“In fact,don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this-it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实 上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个一这是 一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的 “this”一致。故选C。 20.G根据空前内容“t's something of a cliche(陈 词滥调)that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes.The thing is,it's true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是 从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实 是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学 习。选项G“Whatever the mistake,remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality..(不管你犯 了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一 面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn't a fixed aspect of your personality'”和空后内容“We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a posi- tive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变 和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方 式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固 有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些 开始艺术之旅的好建议。 2l.C根据前文“Start sma.I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本)for small studies..These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.(从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行 小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可 以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳 板。)”以及后文“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come.(你会想要回 顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少 进步。)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议 使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回 顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don't throw away your beginner art..(不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术 作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选 C项。 22.G分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段总结，根据 前文“Paint often and paint from life.There'sno better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.Whether you paint still lifes,portraits,or landscapes,paint from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断 练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制 静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活 中去观察和绘制。)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练 习绘画，所以G项“You''ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘 画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。 23.A分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前 一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文 "Continually challenge yourself to try something new.(不断挑战自己，尝试新事物。)”以及后文 “Artistic growth can be a bit painful.(艺术的成 长可能会有点痛苦。)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone.(走出你的舒适区。)”是对前句的进 一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。 24.D分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根 据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feed- back(反绩)is crucial to growth.I post my work on social media and,in turn,have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel valued and respected,no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常 【36 重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结 识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何， 他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重。)”可知，本 段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项 "Share your work if you feel comfortable doing s0.(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合 文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。 25.E分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前 一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文 "The journey you're on won't follow a straight path.(你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路。)”以及 后文“Push through,give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.（坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获 艺术生活的回报。)”可知，E项“You'll hit road blocks,and you'll feel discouraged at times. 会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁。)”是对前句的 进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项. 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关 于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。 26.D根据上文“Plan ahead..Most long-distance trains,especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火 车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when you travel,it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in ad- vance.(但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提 前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很 容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙 的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer months'”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏 季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。 27.G根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets..(一个好的旅行社有时可 以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火 车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你 预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧 铺到餐车的距离，G项中“book you in a sleeping car that''s right next to the diner'”与前后文对应， 】 因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的 卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。 28.C根据上文“When you're riding on trains,you won't be provided with a blanket for free,even if your trip is an overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时， 你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜 的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular,the air conditioning can make them quite cold.(特别 是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到 了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C 项中“The temperature on rail cars”与前后文对 应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控 制。”符合语境。故选C项。 29.E根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week,so missing yours can be a disaster,(大多数火车每 天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过 你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times,not arrival times.（注意：时刻表上列出的 时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提 醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E 项中“You might have to wait longer”与前后文对 应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你 可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合 语境。故选E项。 30.A根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文 "To calculate your speed as you do,divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts).”[要计算 你的速度，用3600（一小时的秒数）除以你走一英 里（两个里程碑之间的距离）所花费的秒数。]”可 知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火 车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间， 用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选 A项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就 如何选择高校提供了一些建议。 3l.D根据空前内容“It's a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to 【37 attend college.Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对于美国的学 生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张 的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家庭经 常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国 的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求 助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked u- niversities,on average,scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面 的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推 断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。 选项D“However,the rankings ignore a critical factor:the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了 一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出 大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推 断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故 选D。 32.F根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education,they're often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当 我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优 秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学 排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人 们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They're even more sur prised at how teaching is undervalued by universi- tis.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学 的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽 略教学质量。其中“more surprised”和上文的 “surprised”保持一致。故选F。 33.G空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities,on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher- ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低 的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名 较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success.Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide 】 range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与 学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人 惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素 之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教 学。选项G“In fact,universities often shift em phasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因 素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。 34.B根据空前内容“Rankings,however,are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.Administrators often don't view teaching excellence as a way to increase en rolment(注册)or funding..(然而，排名只是高等 教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理 者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资 金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳 入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B "Therefore,it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion..(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重 视。)”是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常 不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的 一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。 故选B。 35.C根据下文内容“Nevertheless,not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources,higher rankings and increased enrolments.In the long term,universities,organisations that rank schools,and others should work to make teaching a valued,core part of the mission. 如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源 更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变 化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机 构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核 心部分。)”可知，作者认为想要强调教学质量还 需要更多努力。根据“Nevertheless'”可知，空处内 容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项C“Quality teaching has been an important reputation- building factor.(高质量的教学一直是建立声誉 的重要因素。)”强调了高质量教学的重要性，而 下文则话题一转，指出了高质量教学的难处。故 选C。 3 卷11七选五（二） l.F上文“Basically,it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal,but not too full.(基本上，它 意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结 束时感到满足，但不要太饱。)”指出，进餐时不要 吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.(但这并不意 味着要告别你喜欢的食物。)”指出，适量进食不是 要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来 说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进 食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下 文一致。故选F项。 2.C根据上文“Take your time..It's important to slow down and think about food as something nu- tritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.(慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看 作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东 西，这一，点很重要。)”可推知，本段主要建议读者 吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路 上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选 C项。 3.E上文“It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready,like cookies..(如果你已经准备好了不健康 的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性 了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E 项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建 议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上 文中的“unhealthy'”相对应。故选E项。 4.B根据本段首句“Control emotional(情绪的) eating..(控制情绪化进食。)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness,or boredom.(我们中的 许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如 悲伤、孤独或无聊。)”可推知，本段主要建议读者 不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B 项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人 吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过 食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。 5.A设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism(新陈代谢)， 】