Unit 9 Learning 学习（话题阅读精练）英语北师大版必修第三册

Unit 9 Learning 学习 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 主题词汇积累 一、学习方法与策略 strategy [n] 策略，规划 approach [n] 方法，途径 technique [n] 技巧 acquire [v] 习得，获得 reflect [v] 反思 work out [短语] 解决，弄懂 scaffolding [n] （教学）支架 metacognition [n] 元认知 二、学习过程与状态 automatic [adj] 自动化的 curious [adj] 好奇的 unfamiliar [adj] 不熟悉的 assume [v] 假定 ignore [v] 忽视 sufficient [adj] 充足的 persistence [n] 坚持 automaticity [n] （技能）自动化 三、学习材料与资源 context [n] 上下文，语境 input [n] 输入 source [n] 来源 data [n] 资料，数据 digital resource [短语] 数字资源 四、学习效果与成果 outcome [n] 成果 evidence [n] 证据 effective [adj] 有效的 expose [v] 使接触 portfolio [n] （学习）档案，作品集 五、其他相关表达 in short 总而言之 as a result 因此 take it easy 放轻松 make (full) use of （充分）利用 end up doing 最终（做了某事） 时文拓展阅读 Some American Schools Trial a Four-Day School Week In the United States, a growing number of schools are experimenting with a schedule of only four days of classes per week. Currently, over 2,100 schools have adopted this system, and it is now permitted in every state west of the Mississippi River. This change was initially created to save money or attract teachers, primarily in rural areas. But now, it is expanding into more towns. For example, a school district in Iowa with only about 1,000 students has been on a four-day week since 2022. The district's superintendent, James Craig, says that having Mondays off has led to better student attendance, improved behavior, and better mental health. Teachers and students love the arrangement, and parents are also happy to have more time at home with their children. However, the impact of this system on academic achievement is mixed. One study notes that the effect of shortening the school week on student test scores is "not huge, but it's not nothing either," roughly equivalent to students falling behind by two to seven weeks of learning. The impact is smaller in rural areas or in schools that have maintained the same total amount of instructional time. Educational researchers worry that the long-term lack of a full teaching week could allow negative effects to compound. Despite these concerns, educators widely praise the four-day week for improving classroom atmosphere. Some teachers report that students are less "burned out," and behavioral problems have decreased. However, research also shows that the four-day week has not significantly improved student attendance, nor has it saved much money for school districts. Perhaps the biggest supporters are the parents. In one survey, up to 90% of primary school parents expressed satisfaction and were willing to continue with the system. One parent summarized, "Our lives are less stressful, and I feel my kids are just happier." Nevertheless, some worry that children from struggling families, such as single-parent households, may not benefit from it. Whether the four-day school week is the future of education or an experiment that requires cautious observation, time will tell. 【译文欣赏】 美国部分学校试行每周上课四天制 在美国，越来越多的学校开始尝试每周只上课四天。目前已有超过2100所学校采用这种制度，密西西比河以西的每个州都允许这种做法。 这一变化最初是为了节省开支或吸引教师，主要出现在乡村地区。但现在，它正扩展到更多城镇。例如，在爱荷华州一个只有约1000名学生的学区，自2022年起就实行了四天制。该学区的总监詹姆斯·克雷格表示，周一放假让学生们出勤率更高，行为表现更好，心理健康也有所改善。老师和学生们都非常喜欢这个安排，家长们也很高兴能有更多时间在家陪伴孩子。 然而，这种制度对学习成绩的影响较为复杂。一项研究指出，缩短每周上课天数对学生考试成绩的影响“不算巨大，但也并非没有”，其效果大致相当于学生落后了二到七周的学习进度。乡村地区或保持总教学时长不变的学校受到的影响较小。教育研究者担心，长期缺乏完整的教学周可能会使负面效果不断累积。 尽管存在这些担忧，教育工作者们普遍称赞四天制改善了课堂氛围。有老师反映学生不再那么“精疲力竭”，行为问题也有所减少。不过，研究也显示，四天制并未显著提高学生的出勤率，也没有为学区节省太多预算。 最大的支持者或许是家长们。一项调查中，高达九成的小学生家长对此表示满意，并愿意继续实行。一位家长总结道：“我们的生活压力更小了，我感觉我的孩子们更快乐了。”尽管如此，也有人担心单亲家庭等处境困难的孩子可能无法从中受益。四天上课制究竟是教育的未来，还是一个需要谨慎看待的实验，时间会给出答案。 【词汇积累】 词汇 词性 含义/词根 例句/用法 schedule n. 时间表；计划 The new class schedule starts next Monday. （新的课程表下周一开始。） superintendent n. 负责人；（美）学区总监 The school superintendent announced a new policy. （学区总监宣布了一项新政策。） attendance n. 出席；出勤率 Daily attendance is required for this course. （这门课要求每日出勤。） rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 She grew up in a quiet rural area. （她在一个宁静的乡村地区长大。） urban adj. 城市的 Urban life is often fast-paced. （城市生活通常节奏很快。） academic adj. 学术的；学业的 His academic performance improved this term. （他这学期的学业成绩提高了。） impact n. 影响；作用 The new law had a major impact on businesses. （新法律对企业产生了重大影响。） compound v. 使加重；使恶化 His stress was compounded by financial worries. （经济上的担忧加重了他的压力。) atmosphere n. 气氛；氛围 The classroom has a friendly and relaxed atmosphere. (教室有一种友好轻松的氛围。) retention n. 保留；留住 The company is working on improving employee retention. (公司正在努力提高员工留任率。) 【长难句解析】 原句：However, the impact of this system on academic achievement is mixed. One study notes that the effect of shortening the school week on student test scores is “not huge, but it’s not nothing either,” roughly equivalent to students falling behind by two to seven weeks of learning. 中文释义：然而，这种制度对学业成绩的影响较为复杂。一项研究指出，缩短每周上课天数对学生考试成绩的影响“不算巨大，但也并非没有”，其效果大致相当于学生落后了二到七周的学习进度。 结构分析：第一句是简单句，主干为 the impact ... is mixed。of this system on academic achievement 是两个介词短语，修饰主语 impact，分别说明影响的来源（这个制度）和对象（学业成绩）。第二句是复合句。主句是 One study notes，后面跟着一个由 that 引导的宾语从句 (that the effect ... is ...)。在这个宾语从句中，主语是 the effect，其后 of shortening the school week on student test scores 也是两个介词短语，修饰 effect，说明影响的起因（缩短教学周）和表现领域（考试成绩）。引号内的内容作表语。句末的 roughly equivalent to... 是形容词短语作状语，补充说明这种影响的程度，其中包含一个动名词短语 students falling behind... 作介词 to 的宾语。 【知识拓展】 1. 美国地方教育自治：美国的K-12（幼儿园到高中）教育管理权主要在各州和地方学区，而非联邦政府。每个学区有自己的董事会和总监，有权决定课程、校历和预算等。这就解释了为何“四天上课制”可以由各个学区自行决定是否采纳，并在不同地区产生不同效果。这种高度分权的制度与中国全国统一的教学大纲和校历安排形成鲜明对比。 2. 教育领域的“城乡差距”：文章多次提到该政策始于并主要影响“乡村”学区。这反映了美国教育中长期存在的城乡差距问题。乡村学区通常面临预算更紧张、教师招聘困难、学生家庭社会经济背景更多元（包括单亲、低收入家庭比例可能更高）等挑战。推行“四天制”最初被视为应对这些乡村特有难题的务实策略，而非一种理想的教育创新。 3. “考试成绩”与“全面发展”的平衡讨论：文章客观呈现了政策的两面：可能对标准化考试成绩有轻微负面影响，但对学生的行为、心理健康和家庭的生活质量似乎有积极影响。这恰恰是当前中美教育界共同关注的核心议题——如何在追求学术卓越和保障学生身心健康、培养全面发展的人之间取得平衡。这篇文章为在课堂上引导学生进行批判性思维和深入讨论提供了一个很好的现实案例。 高考真题链接 （2025·上海·高考真题）Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking. It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious. Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion. In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man. “Would you like to help me with this research?” Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.” “Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling. After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally. 1．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years? A．He benefited from watching TV. B．He often debated with his classmates. C．He dropped in at different lectures. D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades. 2．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage? A．He measured human qualities in a hard way. B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite. C．He considered education both art and science. D．He had a preference for physics over education. 3．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to? A．Obtaining a decent job. B．Winning a national prize. C．Joining heated discussions. D．Designing a reading test. 4．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes? A．He was recommended by his high school teachers. B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research. C．He had good academic records during his school years. D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach. 1． Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. 翻译：施莱歇尔仔细聆听了关于统计学和抽样的辩论。在脑海中，他开始设想，如果真能在分析中控制住种族或贫困等因素，从而比较全球儿童的知识水平，那将会是怎样一番情景。 解析：这个句子的难点在于嵌套的从句和现在分词短语作状语。主句：he started imagining (他开始想象)。 宾语从句：what might happen (可能会发生什么) 作imagining的宾语。条件状语从句：if one really could compare... (如果一个人真的能够比较……) 修饰 what might happen。嵌套的宾语从句：what kids knew around the world (世界各地的孩子知道什么) 作 compare 的宾语。现在分词短语作状语：while controlling for factors... (同时在分析中控制诸如种族或贫困等因素) 表示伴随状况，其逻辑主语是主句主语 he。 2． Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. 翻译：波斯尔思韦特属于一个新的研究团体，这个团体的研究者们正尝试用硬科学的方法来分析一个软性学科——这很像一个物理学家（如果可能的话）研究教育的方式。 解析：本句核心是一个由who引导的定语从句，其中又包含一个方式状语从句。主句：Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers (波斯尔思韦特是一个新研究团体的一员)。定语从句：who were trying to... (他们试图……) 修饰先行词 researchers。方式状语从句：much like a physicist might study education if he could (很像一个物理学家可能会研究教育那样，如果他可以的话)。其中if he could是一个省略的条件状语从句。 3．That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. 翻译：这原本正是他的计划——直到他踏入了波斯尔思韦特的课堂。 解析：这是一个主从复合句，until引导的时间状语从句使句子意义发生转折。主句：That was exactly what he’d planned to do (那正是他计划要做的事)。其中what he’d planned to do是表语从句。时间状语从句：until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture (直到他走进了波斯尔思韦特的讲座)。 重点单词 curious (adj.) 感到好奇的 debate (n./v.) 辩论，争论 analysis (n.) 分析 factor (n.) 因素 eventually (adv.) 最终，最后 guarantee (v.) 保证，确保 exceptional (adj.) 杰出的；异常的 核心短语 slip into 悄悄进入，溜进 have no intention of (doing) 无意做某事 the other way around 相反地，倒过来 team up 组队，合作 stay behind 留下来 more or less 或多或少，差不多 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 240 文章讲述了一个学校乐队在指导老师离开后，学生们自己组织和管理乐队，并成功地进行了第一次公开表演的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 270 主要讲述了一个老师为了让学生上课集中注意力而采取的特殊的课堂教学方式——让学生在课桌底下骑脚踏车。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 320 文章主要讲述了作者从小时候喜欢漫画书到长大后喜欢图像小说的经历，以及图像小说如何帮助作者更好地理解和享受阅读。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 315 文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区Eastern Senior High School的学生们在暑假期间参与学校花园的工作，以及与City Blossoms非营利组织合作，将社区花园带到城市学校的情况。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 280 文章介绍了中国书法的发展历程、艺术价值及社会功能，并强调其在传统文化中与绘画的紧密关联及修身养性的独特魅力。 Passage6 完形填空 记叙文 240 主要讲述了当前社会在广泛流行的电子书的话题。 Passage7 语法填空 新闻报道 220 主要讲述的是四川省南充博物馆中的一件文物 Passage8 语法填空 记叙文 230 文章主要讲述了作者的学校开展了一个名为“世界级”的项目，作者与乌干达一所学校的学生Louisa通信 Passage 1 （23-24高三上·陕西安康·期末）Last year, there were 38 student members and a full-time teacher in the school band. But over the summer, the director took another job and the school board had no applicants for the vacant position. “It was such a downer,” remembers Jadyn Lane. “But we were given a choice — we could sign up for other electives (选修课), or find a way to make the band work.” Most students signed up for other electives, but 10 students decided to stay. “It wasn’t an option to quit,” says Hailey Fitzgerald. “I’ve been in the band for seven years. I love it! It’s too important for too many reasons.” The students elected Hailey as director, a position she accepted on the condition they would all work together and share responsibilities. They recruited Casey Griffith and Jennifer Nail-Cook to be their official faculty advisors. Casey did the paperwork, and Jennifer helped with the music. They directed themselves. Front and center on the band room whiteboard are a set of rules which they created themselves. In addition, they made a calendar (日历) of their upcoming events, like football games. It included a daily countdown to each event so they’d be prepared. Perhaps most importantly, they decided which instruments were necessary to make a band of this size work. Most of them were drummers. How could they play those instruments with the people they had? “Several members switched instruments and some even learnt brand new ones,” Hailey says. The time came last month for their first public performance. It was a home football game against Richwood. They had no idea what to expect. Would it work? Would the crowd cheer them on? Would they cheer up the football team? To their surprise, a group of students made posters for the band and hung them at the entrance to the football field. “We thought some people didn’t even know we still had a band,” says Jadyn. But their classmates had been paying attention and wanted to make their first game special. And their school won. 1．What do the underlined words “a downer” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Something rewarding. B．Something demanding. C．Something frightening. D．Something disappointing. 2．How did the members overcome the challenges? A．They redefined their roles. B．They sought help from parents. C．They learnt to beat drums. D．They joined the football team. 3．What can be learnt about their first public performance? A．It drew little attention. B．It was a huge success. C．It won lots of bonuses. D．It was a total mess. 4．Which word best describes the remaining members? A．Confident. B．Sensible. C．Devoted. D．Ambitious. Passage 2 （22-23高一下·内蒙古呼和浩特·月考）After noticing that her eighth grade students had problems focusing during math class, a North Carolina teacher decided to channel (引导) their energy in a different way—cycling. It doesn’t sound like the most common thing to do during math class, but Bethany Lambeth, a teacher from Wake County, says that ever since she fixed cycling machines under her students’ desks, the quality of their work has improved greatly. They are paying more attention to what the teachers say, and, most importantly, they are no longer fidgeting all the time. “Before, they were drumming on their desks or touching other students. They don’t do that any more now. Their feet are getting the movement out,” she said. “There has been a huge increase in the quality of our students’ work and a decrease in the amount of missing work. I think the world is changing a lot and kids need to be able to do something different.” Lambeth fixed the cycling machines at the end of last year, which cost around $150 each. The cost was covered by money from kind people. Not all desks have pedals (踏板) under them, so not all the children have to use one. The school is hoping to get more pedals because of the role cycling machines could play. The kids clearly love the new “toys”. Sofia Fedele, one of Lambeth’s students, said cycling helped her focus on her work during class. “I usually tap my feet and stuff to keep me focused, I think pedaling is much better, it keeps me exercising and focused,” she said. Quinn Spear, another student in Lambeth’s class, also mentioned the good effect on health of cycling during class. He told reporters that he had pedaled 5.5 miles and burned 133 calories, all before 10 a.m. 1．What does the underlined word “fidgeting” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Keeping moving the body. B．Competing with each other. C．Doubling themselves. D．Laughing at others. 2．Who paid for the cycling machines? A．The school. B．The students. C．Some companies. D．Some nice people. 3．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in the last two paragraphs? A．The kids’ improvement in math. B．The kids’ love for the machines. C．The easy operation of pedaling. D．The importance of exercising. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The school helps students concentrate on class. B．A new way of exercising is becoming popular. C．How a machine changes students’ performance in class. D．How students in a North Carolina school have class. Passage 3 （24-25高三上·江苏南京·月考）My initial exploration of the world of comic books happened through the comic strips in newspapers. It began with a fondness for Garfield and his adventures, and led to the discovery of a range of comic books like Champak, Tintin, and Archie. They enabled me to enjoy myself in a world without iPads and the Internet ― just like so many of my friends who were fond of reading. While my access to comics as a child was limited to what was printed in the newspaper, this changed once I grew older and started visiting bookstores to buy the books that I wanted to read. Having grown up on a diet of image-heavy books, I found the idea of reading text-only novels quite formidable. As I searched for books that lay somewhere in between, I came across a copy of Bhimayana ― a graphic novel. It felt familiar due to its comic-like theme and design. Plus, understanding complex narratives through pictures was relatively easier and more fun. And so, as I grew older, I found myself transitioning towards graphic novels from childish comic books. Graphic novels dealt with serious topics in a more engaging manner. They would literally show me what was going on. For example, when I was reading Joe Sacco’s Palestine, I didn’t have to imagine the ruin caused by the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. I could actually see it while reading about it. Fast-forward a few years to when I was given a copy of Jonathan Bloomfield’s Palestine: A Novel. Though I was impressed by the compelling (扣人心弦的) nature of storytelling in his book, I am not sure if I would have been able to visualize and enjoy his text-only version so much had I not read Sacco’s Palestine first. Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a “picture” of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the overall story. From black and white strips and colorful comic books to illustrated graphic novels, this type of storytelling has come a long way. While my romance with comic books is still ongoing, in the long run, my love for graphic novels is more substantial and here to stay. 1．Why did the author turn to comic books as a child? A．He found comic books interesting. B．He had limited access to other books. C．He wanted to be different from his friends. D．He could relax from reading text-only books. 2．Which word can best explain the underlined word “formidable” in paragraph 2? A．Acceptable. B．Natural. C．Scary. D．Appealing. 3．What does the author say about reading Sacco’s Palestine? A．It encouraged him to read more text-only novels. B．It improved his understanding of Bloomfield’s book. C．It introduced him to a compelling style of storytelling. D．It changed his attitude to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. 4．What does the author mainly talk about in the passage? A．Comic books are more than comic. B．Why he loves reading graphic novels. C．Why he turned to serious novels eventually. D．Picture books are here to stay for many reasons. Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江苏·期末）School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington, D．C．, students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers and beds bursting with vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting (收获) vegetables for the weekend’s farmers market. Roshawn Little is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. During the summer, Little gets paid to work Tuesday through Saturday from 9 a. m. until 2 p. m. with City Blossoms, a nonprofit that brings community gardens to schools in urban areas. She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she’s taken those healthy behaviours home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country teaming up with local communities to build school gardens, like the one at Eastern. It works with schools to create learning gardens and trains teachers on how to use them to get students engaged (使参与) and improve academic performance. These gardens are really outdoor classrooms. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed or learning the science of how plants grow. For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to 15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates. 1．What does Roshawn Little think of the summer outdoor activity? A．It is a good way to earn pocket money. B．It has improved her family relationship. C．It contributes to her healthy eating habit. D．It is helpful to her academic performance. 2．What is the purpose of the school gardens? A．To invite students to care for plants. B．To advance teachers’ teaching skills. C．To get students interested in science. D．To provide a creative way of learning. 3．What does the last paragraph focus on about the project of City Blossoms? A．Its evaluations. B．Its effects. C．Its operations. D．Its expectations. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．City Blossoms: Team up with Local Community Teachers B．Happy Holiday, Sweet Memory: How Kids Enjoy the Harvest C．Outdoor Classrooms: Get out for the Weekend’s Farmers Market. D．Healthy Eaters, Smart Minds: What School Gardens Teach Kids Passage5 （24-25高一下·海南省直辖县级单位·期中）Chinese calligraphy, known as shūfǎ, is the art of writing Chinese characters as a form of aesthetic expression. The birth of Chinese calligraphy began with the formation of Chinese characters thousands of years ago, including the inscriptions (铭文) on animal bones and tortoise shells, and the ones carved on bronze vessels (青铜器皿). An important development of the calligraphic script is the widely known shiguwen, or the inscriptions on stone drums, upon which Qinshihuang unified the writing of characters. Shiguwen led to the invention of dazhuan (the large-seal script), and xiaozhuan (the small-seal script) that was simpler in structure. These were followed by lishu (the clerical script), kaishu (the regular script), xingshu (the running script) and caoshu (the cursive script). Practicing calligraphy becomes a carefree dance of the Chinese brush on paper, which is far beyond communicating the meanings of the characters being written. Calligraphy is not only about writing but emphasizes the beauty of each stroke (笔画), the balance of composition, and the expression of the artist’s inner spirit. Such writing unites Chinese people living in different corners of the country from all walks of life. Whether they are a scholar, a painter, a calligrapher or a common calligraphy lover, they share the pleasure brought by calligraphy. The role calligraphy plays in Chinese cultural tradition is also evident in the close link between it and painting. Normally, they are mentioned in a union as shuhua (calligraphy and painting). A Chinese painting often bears calligraphy, added by its creator or collectors and viewers. In 1926, Liang Qichao, a famous thinker and educator of modern China, gave a speech titled “A Guide to Calligraphy” at Tsinghua campus, during which he said that calligraphy is the most beautiful and convenient tool for entertaining… to calm one’s heart and mind. He went on to note that calligraphy shows the beauty of lines, the reflective glare of ink, and the strength of handwriting. 1．On which did Qinshihuang base the unified writing of characters? A．The inscriptions on shells. B．The inscriptions on bones. C．The inscriptions on stones. D．The inscriptions on vessels. 2．Which of the following appeared first? A．Lishu. B．Caoshu. C．Xingshu. D．Dazhuan. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The history of calligraphy. B．The function of calligraphy. C．The combination of calligraphy and painting. D．The relationship between calligraphy and painting. 4．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To show the attraction of calligraphy. B．To teach people to enjoy calligraphy. C．To prove the importance of calligraphy. D．To encourage people to learn calligraphy. Passage6 （22-23高一下·广东佛山·月考）Electronic books have changed the way many people read for pleasure. Now online textbooks are changing the way some students 1 and some teachers teach. More than 175,000 students 2 the public schools in Fairfax County, Virginia, outside Washington. Last year, the school system used digital 3 in fifteen schools. This school year, middle schools and high schools changed from 4 to electronic textbooks in their social studies classes. Luke Rosa is a history teacher at Falls Church High School. His 5 work on school laptop computers. He explains the idea to them this way: “I mean, it’s just like a 6 textbook, except it’s got it all online.” Peter Noonan, a leader of schools, says with electronic textbooks, publishers can quickly 7 the content with the latest information. He says：“The world’s changing 8 . And the online textbooks can change right along with the events that are happening.” He says digital books also cost 9 than printed textbooks: “Usually it’s in the neighborhood of between fifty and seventy dollars to 10 a textbook for each student, which adds up to 11 eight million dollars for all of our students in Fairfax County. We 12 have purchased all of the online textbooks for our students for just under six million dollars.” But the students also need 13 to the Internet when they are not at school. About ten percent of students in Fairfax County do not have a computer or online access at 14 . Stephen Castillo is one of them. He has to go the public library, which has free 15 . 1．A．read B．learn C．behave D．speak 2．A．visit B．leave C．desire D．attend 3．A．cameras B．books C．libraries D．data 4．A．printed B．ordered C．used D．priced 5．A．students B．colleagues C．leaders D．friends 6．A．digital B．popular. C．regular D．different 7．A．present B．provide C．charge D．update 8．A．peacefully B．constantly C．steadily D．unnoticeably 9．A．less B．more C．higher D．better 10．A．rent B．download C．buy D．record 11．A．exactly B．eventually C．doubtfully. D．roughly 12．A．actually B．unwillingly C．hopefully D．fortunately 13．A．entrance B．approach C．access D．admission 14．A．school B．work C．hand D．home 15．A．seats B．Internet C．textbooks D．homework Passage7 （24-25高三下·重庆·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A cultural relic at Nanchong Museum in Sichuan province has recently become a hot topic. A video posted on the Internet shows a small man-like pottery figure, 1 (refer) to as “Mini Ultraman (奥特曼)” due to its exterior. The figure has a pointed head, big eyes, and its arms 2 (raise) slightly. Strangely enough, it is quite a rare occurrence for the pottery figure to bear such a remarkable 3 (similar) to the animated character Ultraman. Since the video 4 (go) viral, many visitors have rushed to the museum just to have a look at this special figure. A staff member of the museum told reporters that they frequently receive inquiries 5 visitors about the figure. Another member noted, “Actually, we find its head particularly similar to 6 of Ultraman.” This unexpected popularity of it has created an atmosphere 7 the integration of traditional culture and modern popular culture becomes a talking point, 8 (breathe) new life into the museum and fostering a more imaginative mindset among people. This happening, 9 (public) counted as a bridge between heritage and contemporary society, has drawn widespread interest. As for the museum, they hope that this can be an opportunity 10 (let) more people know about the profound history behind cultural relics. Passage8 （24-25高一下·山东泰安·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the beginning of this year, our school has been doing a project 1 (call) “World Class”. Not everyone in the class could take part, but 2 (luck) I could. The school chose a “twin school” in a different area of the world. Our head teacher chose a school in Uganda, 3 is a poor country in Africa. They gave us someone to write to from that school. I’ve made friends with Louisa, who is two years 4 (old) than me. In her letters, she has told me all about her school and her 5 (day) life. It is the first time that I 6 (hear) about what life is like in her country. My classmates and I are living an easy and comfortable life, 7 in her school there isn’t even electricity and people in many 8 (family) do not have enough food to eat. I can hardly believe it! I think more people should help out with projects like this. 9 (help) raise money for the African school, we are going to organize an activity at the weekend. Perhaps one day I’ll be able to go to Uganda and meet Louisa 10 (I). 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Learning 学习 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 主题词汇积累 一、学习方法与策略 strategy [n.] 策略，规划 approach [n.] 方法，途径 technique [n.] 技巧 acquire [v.] 习得，获得 reflect [v.] 反思 work out [短语] 解决，弄懂 scaffolding [n.] （教学）支架 metacognition [n.] 元认知 二、学习过程与状态 automatic [adj.] 自动化的 curious [adj.] 好奇的 unfamiliar [adj.] 不熟悉的 assume [v.] 假定 ignore [v.] 忽视 sufficient [adj.] 充足的 persistence [n.] 坚持 automaticity [n.] （技能）自动化 三、学习材料与资源 context [n.] 上下文，语境 input [n.] 输入 source [n.] 来源 data [n.] 资料，数据 digital resource [短语] 数字资源 四、学习效果与成果 outcome [n.] 成果 evidence [n.] 证据 effective [adj.] 有效的 expose [v.] 使接触 portfolio [n.] （学习）档案，作品集 五、其他相关表达 in short 总而言之 as a result 因此 take it easy 放轻松 make (full) use of （充分）利用 end up doing 最终（做了某事） 时文拓展阅读 Some American Schools Trial a Four-Day School Week In the United States, a growing number of schools are experimenting with a schedule of only four days of classes per week. Currently, over 2,100 schools have adopted this system, and it is now permitted in every state west of the Mississippi River. This change was initially created to save money or attract teachers, primarily in rural areas. But now, it is expanding into more towns. For example, a school district in Iowa with only about 1,000 students has been on a four-day week since 2022. The district's superintendent, James Craig, says that having Mondays off has led to better student attendance, improved behavior, and better mental health. Teachers and students love the arrangement, and parents are also happy to have more time at home with their children. However, the impact of this system on academic achievement is mixed. One study notes that the effect of shortening the school week on student test scores is "not huge, but it's not nothing either," roughly equivalent to students falling behind by two to seven weeks of learning. The impact is smaller in rural areas or in schools that have maintained the same total amount of instructional time. Educational researchers worry that the long-term lack of a full teaching week could allow negative effects to compound. Despite these concerns, educators widely praise the four-day week for improving classroom atmosphere. Some teachers report that students are less "burned out," and behavioral problems have decreased. However, research also shows that the four-day week has not significantly improved student attendance, nor has it saved much money for school districts. Perhaps the biggest supporters are the parents. In one survey, up to 90% of primary school parents expressed satisfaction and were willing to continue with the system. One parent summarized, "Our lives are less stressful, and I feel my kids are just happier." Nevertheless, some worry that children from struggling families, such as single-parent households, may not benefit from it. Whether the four-day school week is the future of education or an experiment that requires cautious observation, time will tell. 【译文欣赏】 美国部分学校试行每周上课四天制 在美国，越来越多的学校开始尝试每周只上课四天。目前已有超过2100所学校采用这种制度，密西西比河以西的每个州都允许这种做法。 这一变化最初是为了节省开支或吸引教师，主要出现在乡村地区。但现在，它正扩展到更多城镇。例如，在爱荷华州一个只有约1000名学生的学区，自2022年起就实行了四天制。该学区的总监詹姆斯·克雷格表示，周一放假让学生们出勤率更高，行为表现更好，心理健康也有所改善。老师和学生们都非常喜欢这个安排，家长们也很高兴能有更多时间在家陪伴孩子。 然而，这种制度对学习成绩的影响较为复杂。一项研究指出，缩短每周上课天数对学生考试成绩的影响“不算巨大，但也并非没有”，其效果大致相当于学生落后了二到七周的学习进度。乡村地区或保持总教学时长不变的学校受到的影响较小。教育研究者担心，长期缺乏完整的教学周可能会使负面效果不断累积。 尽管存在这些担忧，教育工作者们普遍称赞四天制改善了课堂氛围。有老师反映学生不再那么“精疲力竭”，行为问题也有所减少。不过，研究也显示，四天制并未显著提高学生的出勤率，也没有为学区节省太多预算。 最大的支持者或许是家长们。一项调查中，高达九成的小学生家长对此表示满意，并愿意继续实行。一位家长总结道：“我们的生活压力更小了，我感觉我的孩子们更快乐了。”尽管如此，也有人担心单亲家庭等处境困难的孩子可能无法从中受益。四天上课制究竟是教育的未来，还是一个需要谨慎看待的实验，时间会给出答案。 【词汇积累】 词汇 词性 含义/词根 例句/用法 schedule n. 时间表；计划 The new class schedule starts next Monday. (新的课程表下周一开始。) superintendent n. 负责人；（美）学区总监 The school superintendent announced a new policy. (学区总监宣布了一项新政策。) attendance n. 出席；出勤率 Daily attendance is required for this course. (这门课要求每日出勤。) rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 She grew up in a quiet rural area. (她在一个宁静的乡村地区长大。) urban adj. 城市的 Urban life is often fast-paced. (城市生活通常节奏很快。) academic adj. 学术的；学业的 His academic performance improved this term. (他这学期的学业成绩提高了。) impact n. 影响；作用 The new law had a major impact on businesses. (新法律对企业产生了重大影响。) compound v. 使加重；使恶化 His stress was compounded by financial worries. (经济上的担忧加重了他的压力。) atmosphere n. 气氛；氛围 The classroom has a friendly and relaxed atmosphere. (教室有一种友好轻松的氛围。) retention n. 保留；留住 The company is working on improving employee retention. (公司正在努力提高员工留任率。) 【长难句解析】 原句：However, the impact of this system on academic achievement is mixed. One study notes that the effect of shortening the school week on student test scores is “not huge, but it’s not nothing either,” roughly equivalent to students falling behind by two to seven weeks of learning. 中文释义：然而，这种制度对学业成绩的影响较为复杂。一项研究指出，缩短每周上课天数对学生考试成绩的影响“不算巨大，但也并非没有”，其效果大致相当于学生落后了二到七周的学习进度。 结构分析：第一句是简单句，主干为 the impact ... is mixed。of this system on academic achievement 是两个介词短语，修饰主语 impact，分别说明影响的来源（这个制度）和对象（学业成绩）。第二句是复合句。主句是 One study notes，后面跟着一个由 that 引导的宾语从句 (that the effect ... is ...)。在这个宾语从句中，主语是 the effect，其后 of shortening the school week on student test scores 也是两个介词短语，修饰 effect，说明影响的起因（缩短教学周）和表现领域（考试成绩）。引号内的内容作表语。句末的 roughly equivalent to... 是形容词短语作状语，补充说明这种影响的程度，其中包含一个动名词短语 students falling behind... 作介词 to 的宾语。 【知识拓展】 1. 美国地方教育自治：美国的K-12（幼儿园到高中）教育管理权主要在各州和地方学区，而非联邦政府。每个学区有自己的董事会和总监，有权决定课程、校历和预算等。这就解释了为何“四天上课制”可以由各个学区自行决定是否采纳，并在不同地区产生不同效果。这种高度分权的制度与中国全国统一的教学大纲和校历安排形成鲜明对比。 2. 教育领域的“城乡差距”：文章多次提到该政策始于并主要影响“乡村”学区。这反映了美国教育中长期存在的城乡差距问题。乡村学区通常面临预算更紧张、教师招聘困难、学生家庭社会经济背景更多元（包括单亲、低收入家庭比例可能更高）等挑战。推行“四天制”最初被视为应对这些乡村特有难题的务实策略，而非一种理想的教育创新。 3. “考试成绩”与“全面发展”的平衡讨论：文章客观呈现了政策的两面：可能对标准化考试成绩有轻微负面影响，但对学生的行为、心理健康和家庭的生活质量似乎有积极影响。这恰恰是当前中美教育界共同关注的核心议题——如何在追求学术卓越和保障学生身心健康、培养全面发展的人之间取得平衡。这篇文章为在课堂上引导学生进行批判性思维和深入讨论提供了一个很好的现实案例。 高考真题链接 （2025·上海·高考真题）Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking. It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious. Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion. In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man. “Would you like to help me with this research?” Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.” “Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling. After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally. 1．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years? A．He benefited from watching TV. B．He often debated with his classmates. C．He dropped in at different lectures. D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades. 2．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage? A．He measured human qualities in a hard way. B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite. C．He considered education both art and science. D．He had a preference for physics over education. 3．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to? A．Obtaining a decent job. B．Winning a national prize. C．Joining heated discussions. D．Designing a reading test. 4．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes? A．He was recommended by his high school teachers. B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research. C．He had good academic records during his school years. D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了Andreas Schleicher在大学期间偶然进入教育科学领域，并最终与教授合作创建了第一个国际阅读测试的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. (然而，在他的空闲时间，他像其他人看电视一样溜进课堂听讲座。)”可知，Schleicher在大学期间经常溜进不同的课堂听讲座。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. ‘You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,’ his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. (Schleicher的父亲是这所大学的教育学教授，他一直把教育视为一种神秘的艺术。‘你无法衡量教育中重要的事情——人的品质，’他的父亲喜欢这样说。据Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。但是这位他连姓都念不出来的英国人似乎却有相反的想法。)”可知，Schleicher的父亲认为教育是艺术，无法衡量，而Postlethwaite则试图用科学的方法分析教育，由此可推知，Schleicher的父亲与Postlethwaite的想法有冲突。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. (高中时，他获得了全国科学奖，这意味着他大学毕业后或多或少能在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作。这正是他原本的计划，直到他走进了Postlethwaite的课堂。)”可知，That指代上文提到的“在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作”，即获得一份体面的工作。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. (Schleicher的父亲是这所大学的教育学教授，他一直把教育视为一种神秘的艺术。)”以及后文Schleicher与Postlethwaite教授合作，共同创建了第一个国际阅读测试，用科学的方法分析教育，可推知，Schleicher受父亲研究方法的影响，对教育有独特的思考，这种思考方式在Postlethwaite教授眼中是与众不同的，所以认为他有潜力。D项“He was influenced by his father’s research approach.（他受到父亲研究方法的影响。）”符合题意。A项“他被高中老师推荐了”，C项“他在学校期间学习成绩很好”，文章均未提及；根据第三段“From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. (据Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。)”可知，Schleicher原本对教育科学并不感兴趣，所以B项“他有进行量化教育研究的潜力”不是教授认为他与众不同的原因。故选D项。 1． Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. 翻译：施莱歇尔仔细聆听了关于统计学和抽样的辩论。在脑海中，他开始设想，如果真能在分析中控制住种族或贫困等因素，从而比较全球儿童的知识水平，那将会是怎样一番情景。 解析：这个句子的难点在于嵌套的从句和现在分词短语作状语。主句：he started imagining (他开始想象)。 宾语从句：what might happen (可能会发生什么) 作imagining的宾语。条件状语从句：if one really could compare... (如果一个人真的能够比较……) 修饰 what might happen。嵌套的宾语从句：what kids knew around the world (世界各地的孩子知道什么) 作 compare 的宾语。现在分词短语作状语：while controlling for factors... (同时在分析中控制诸如种族或贫困等因素) 表示伴随状况，其逻辑主语是主句主语 he。 2． Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. 翻译：波斯尔思韦特属于一个新的研究团体，这个团体的研究者们正尝试用硬科学的方法来分析一个软性学科——这很像一个物理学家（如果可能的话）研究教育的方式。 解析：本句核心是一个由who引导的定语从句，其中又包含一个方式状语从句。主句：Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers (波斯尔思韦特是一个新研究团体的一员)。定语从句：who were trying to... (他们试图……) 修饰先行词 researchers。方式状语从句：much like a physicist might study education if he could (很像一个物理学家可能会研究教育那样，如果他可以的话)。其中if he could是一个省略的条件状语从句。 3．That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. 翻译：这原本正是他的计划——直到他踏入了波斯尔思韦特的课堂。 解析：这是一个主从复合句，until引导的时间状语从句使句子意义发生转折。主句：That was exactly what he’d planned to do (那正是他计划要做的事)。其中what he’d planned to do是表语从句。时间状语从句：until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture (直到他走进了波斯尔思韦特的讲座)。 重点单词 curious (adj.) 感到好奇的 debate (n./v.) 辩论，争论 analysis (n.) 分析 factor (n.) 因素 eventually (adv.) 最终，最后 guarantee (v.) 保证，确保 exceptional (adj.) 杰出的；异常的 核心短语 slip into 悄悄进入，溜进 have no intention of (doing) 无意做某事 the other way around 相反地，倒过来 team up 组队，合作 stay behind 留下来 more or less 或多或少，差不多 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 240 文章讲述了一个学校乐队在指导老师离开后，学生们自己组织和管理乐队，并成功地进行了第一次公开表演的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 270 主要讲述了一个老师为了让学生上课集中注意力而采取的特殊的课堂教学方式——让学生在课桌底下骑脚踏车。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 320 文章主要讲述了作者从小时候喜欢漫画书到长大后喜欢图像小说的经历，以及图像小说如何帮助作者更好地理解和享受阅读。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 315 文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区Eastern Senior High School的学生们在暑假期间参与学校花园的工作，以及与City Blossoms非营利组织合作，将社区花园带到城市学校的情况。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 280 文章介绍了中国书法的发展历程、艺术价值及社会功能，并强调其在传统文化中与绘画的紧密关联及修身养性的独特魅力。 Passage6 完形填空 记叙文 240 主要讲述了当前社会在广泛流行的电子书的话题。 Passage7 语法填空 新闻报道 220 主要讲述的是四川省南充博物馆中的一件文物 Passage8 语法填空 记叙文 230 文章主要讲述了作者的学校开展了一个名为“世界级”的项目，作者与乌干达一所学校的学生Louisa通信 Passage 1 （23-24高三上·陕西安康·期末）Last year, there were 38 student members and a full-time teacher in the school band. But over the summer, the director took another job and the school board had no applicants for the vacant position. “It was such a downer,” remembers Jadyn Lane. “But we were given a choice — we could sign up for other electives (选修课), or find a way to make the band work.” Most students signed up for other electives, but 10 students decided to stay. “It wasn’t an option to quit,” says Hailey Fitzgerald. “I’ve been in the band for seven years. I love it! It’s too important for too many reasons.” The students elected Hailey as director, a position she accepted on the condition they would all work together and share responsibilities. They recruited Casey Griffith and Jennifer Nail-Cook to be their official faculty advisors. Casey did the paperwork, and Jennifer helped with the music. They directed themselves. Front and center on the band room whiteboard are a set of rules which they created themselves. In addition, they made a calendar (日历) of their upcoming events, like football games. It included a daily countdown to each event so they’d be prepared. Perhaps most importantly, they decided which instruments were necessary to make a band of this size work. Most of them were drummers. How could they play those instruments with the people they had? “Several members switched instruments and some even learnt brand new ones,” Hailey says. The time came last month for their first public performance. It was a home football game against Richwood. They had no idea what to expect. Would it work? Would the crowd cheer them on? Would they cheer up the football team? To their surprise, a group of students made posters for the band and hung them at the entrance to the football field. “We thought some people didn’t even know we still had a band,” says Jadyn. But their classmates had been paying attention and wanted to make their first game special. And their school won. 1．What do the underlined words “a downer” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Something rewarding. B．Something demanding. C．Something frightening. D．Something disappointing. 2．How did the members overcome the challenges? A．They redefined their roles. B．They sought help from parents. C．They learnt to beat drums. D．They joined the football team. 3．What can be learnt about their first public performance? A．It drew little attention. B．It was a huge success. C．It won lots of bonuses. D．It was a total mess. 4．Which word best describes the remaining members? A．Confident. B．Sensible. C．Devoted. D．Ambitious. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个学校乐队在指导老师离开后，学生们自己组织和管理乐队，并成功地进行了第一次公开表演的故事。 1．词义推测题。根据第一段“Last year, there were 38 student members and a full-time teacher in the school band. But over the summer, the director took another job and the school board had no applicants for the vacant position.(去年，学校乐队有38名学生成员和一名全职教师。但是在整个夏天，校长换了一份工作，学校董事会没有人申请这个空缺的职位。)”可知，乐队的指导老师离开了，且该岗位无人申请，这对乐队来说是一件令人失望的事情。所以画线词意为“一件令人失望的事情”。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句““Several members switched instruments and some even learnt brand new ones,” Hailey says.(“一些成员更换了乐器，一些人甚至学会了全新的乐器，”海莉说。)”可知，乐队里的一些成员学习了全新的乐器，即他们重新定义了他们的角色，克服了困难。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To their surprise, a group of students made posters for the band and hung them at the entrance to the football field. “We thought some people didn’t even know we still had a band,” says Jadyn. But their classmates had been paying attention and wanted to make their first game special. And their school won.( 令他们惊讶的是，一群学生为乐队制作了海报，并把它们挂在了足球场的入口处。“我们以为有些人甚至不知道我们还有一支乐队，”Jadyn说。但他们的同学一直在关注他们，想让他们的第一场比赛与众不同。他们的学校赢了。)”可知，他们的第一次公开表演非常成功。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，乐队成员们克服了重重困难，最终在仅有10名成员的情况下仍旧组建了乐队，首演也获得了成功。由此可知，成员们对乐队很忠诚、投入。故选C。 Passage 2 （22-23高一下·内蒙古呼和浩特·月考）After noticing that her eighth grade students had problems focusing during math class, a North Carolina teacher decided to channel (引导) their energy in a different way—cycling. It doesn’t sound like the most common thing to do during math class, but Bethany Lambeth, a teacher from Wake County, says that ever since she fixed cycling machines under her students’ desks, the quality of their work has improved greatly. They are paying more attention to what the teachers say, and, most importantly, they are no longer fidgeting all the time. “Before, they were drumming on their desks or touching other students. They don’t do that any more now. Their feet are getting the movement out,” she said. “There has been a huge increase in the quality of our students’ work and a decrease in the amount of missing work. I think the world is changing a lot and kids need to be able to do something different.” Lambeth fixed the cycling machines at the end of last year, which cost around $150 each. The cost was covered by money from kind people. Not all desks have pedals (踏板) under them, so not all the children have to use one. The school is hoping to get more pedals because of the role cycling machines could play. The kids clearly love the new “toys”. Sofia Fedele, one of Lambeth’s students, said cycling helped her focus on her work during class. “I usually tap my feet and stuff to keep me focused, I think pedaling is much better, it keeps me exercising and focused,” she said. Quinn Spear, another student in Lambeth’s class, also mentioned the good effect on health of cycling during class. He told reporters that he had pedaled 5.5 miles and burned 133 calories, all before 10 a.m. 1．What does the underlined word “fidgeting” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Keeping moving the body. B．Competing with each other. C．Doubling themselves. D．Laughing at others. 2．Who paid for the cycling machines? A．The school. B．The students. C．Some companies. D．Some nice people. 3．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in the last two paragraphs? A．The kids’ improvement in math. B．The kids’ love for the machines. C．The easy operation of pedaling. D．The importance of exercising. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The school helps students concentrate on class. B．A new way of exercising is becoming popular. C．How a machine changes students’ performance in class. D．How students in a North Carolina school have class. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个老师为了让学生上课集中注意力而采取的特殊的课堂教学方式——让学生在课桌底下骑脚踏车。 1．词义猜测题。根据第三段““Before, they were drumming on their desks or touching other students. They don’t do that any more now.(以前，他们会敲课桌或触摸其他学生。现在他们不再那样做了)”结合划线词前“They are paying more attention to what the teachers say,(他们专注于老师所讲)”可知，过去学生上课总是不专心，各种小动作，总是身体乱动了，而现在能够专心听课了。由此推知划线词意为“身体乱动”。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The cost was covered by money from kind people.(费用是由好心人出钱支付的)”可知，这些特殊的“自行车”是有善心的人们付钱买的。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The kids clearly love the new “toys”. Sofia Fedele, one of Lambeth’s students, said cycling helped her focus on her work during class.(孩子们显然很喜欢新的“玩具”。兰贝斯的学生索菲亚·费德勒(Sofia Fedele)说，骑自行车帮助她在课堂上集中精力学习)”及最后一段“Quinn Spear, another student in Lambeth’s class, also mentioned the good effect on health of cycling during class.(兰贝斯班上的另一位学生奎因·斯皮尔(Quinn Spear)也提到了上课时骑自行车对健康的良好影响)”可推知，Sofia Fedele和Quinn Spear都是作者举例子证明孩子们很喜欢这个新“玩具”。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“After noticing that her eighth grade students had problems focusing during math class, a North Carolina teacher decided to channel(引导)their energy in a different way-cycling.(北卡罗来纳州的一位老师注意到她的八年级学生在数学课上很难集中注意力，于是决定用一种不同的方式来引导他们的精力——骑自行车)”及第二段“They are paying more attention to what the teachers say, and most importantly, they are no longer fidgeting all the time.(他们更加注意老师说的话，最重要的是，他们不再总是坐立不安)”及第三段“There has been a huge increase in the quality of our students’ work and a drop in the amount of missing work.(我们学生的学习质量有了很大的提高，缺课的数量也减少了)”可知，文章主要介绍了一位老师用一台自行车型的机器，使同学们听课时注意力更集中了。C项“一个机器是如何改变学生的课堂表现的”符合文章主要内容。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高三上·江苏南京·月考）My initial exploration of the world of comic books happened through the comic strips in newspapers. It began with a fondness for Garfield and his adventures, and led to the discovery of a range of comic books like Champak, Tintin, and Archie. They enabled me to enjoy myself in a world without iPads and the Internet ― just like so many of my friends who were fond of reading. While my access to comics as a child was limited to what was printed in the newspaper, this changed once I grew older and started visiting bookstores to buy the books that I wanted to read. Having grown up on a diet of image-heavy books, I found the idea of reading text-only novels quite formidable. As I searched for books that lay somewhere in between, I came across a copy of Bhimayana ― a graphic novel. It felt familiar due to its comic-like theme and design. Plus, understanding complex narratives through pictures was relatively easier and more fun. And so, as I grew older, I found myself transitioning towards graphic novels from childish comic books. Graphic novels dealt with serious topics in a more engaging manner. They would literally show me what was going on. For example, when I was reading Joe Sacco’s Palestine, I didn’t have to imagine the ruin caused by the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. I could actually see it while reading about it. Fast-forward a few years to when I was given a copy of Jonathan Bloomfield’s Palestine: A Novel. Though I was impressed by the compelling (扣人心弦的) nature of storytelling in his book, I am not sure if I would have been able to visualize and enjoy his text-only version so much had I not read Sacco’s Palestine first. Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a “picture” of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the overall story. From black and white strips and colorful comic books to illustrated graphic novels, this type of storytelling has come a long way. While my romance with comic books is still ongoing, in the long run, my love for graphic novels is more substantial and here to stay. 1．Why did the author turn to comic books as a child? A．He found comic books interesting. B．He had limited access to other books. C．He wanted to be different from his friends. D．He could relax from reading text-only books. 2．Which word can best explain the underlined word “formidable” in paragraph 2? A．Acceptable. B．Natural. C．Scary. D．Appealing. 3．What does the author say about reading Sacco’s Palestine? A．It encouraged him to read more text-only novels. B．It improved his understanding of Bloomfield’s book. C．It introduced him to a compelling style of storytelling. D．It changed his attitude to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. 4．What does the author mainly talk about in the passage? A．Comic books are more than comic. B．Why he loves reading graphic novels. C．Why he turned to serious novels eventually. D．Picture books are here to stay for many reasons. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小时候喜欢漫画书到长大后喜欢图像小说的经历，以及图像小说如何帮助作者更好地理解和享受阅读。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It began with a fondness for Garfield and his adventures, and led to the discovery of a range of comic books like Champak, Tintin, and Archie. They enabled me to enjoy myself in a world without iPads and the Internet ― just like so many of my friends who were fond of reading.(这一切始于对加菲猫及其冒险的喜爱，由此我发现了一系列漫画书，如《Champak》、《丁丁历险记》和《阿奇漫画》。它们让我在没有iPad和互联网的世界里享受乐趣——就像我的许多喜欢阅读的朋友一样)”可知，作者小时候喜欢漫画书是因为他觉得它们很有趣。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“While my access to comics as a child was limited to what was printed in the newspaper, this changed once I grew older and started visiting bookstores to buy the books that I wanted to read. Having grown up on a diet of image-heavy books, I found the idea of reading text-only novels quite formidable. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我接触到的漫画仅限于报纸上印刷的内容，但当我长大后开始去书店买我想读的书时，这种情况就改变了。由于我是看着满是图片的书长大的，所以我觉得只读文字的小说这个想法很______。)”以及后文“As I searched for books that lay somewhere in between, I came across a copy of Bhimayana ― a graphic novel.(当我在寻找介于两者之间的书籍时，我偶然发现了一本《Bhimayana》——一本图像小说)”可知，作者从小接触的是满是图片的漫画书，所以当接触到只有文字的小说时，会觉得有些可怕或难以接受，因此才会去寻找介于两者之间的图像小说。故划线词formidable在此处意为“可怕的”，与scary同义。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Though I was impressed by the compelling (扣人心弦的) nature of storytelling in his book, I am not sure if I would have been able to visualize and enjoy his text-only version so much had I not read Sacco’s Palestine first. Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a ‘picture’ of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the overall story. (虽然我被他书中扣人心弦的故事讲述所吸引，但如果我先没有读过Sacco的《Palestine》，我不确定我是否能够如此生动地想象并享受他的纯文本版本。多亏了这本图像小说，我对所发生的事情有了“画面”，这让我更容易也更有趣地理解整个故事的细节)”可知，作者认为读过Sacco的《Palestine》后，他能够更好地理解和享受Bloomfield的纯文本小说。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段“From black and white strips and colorful comic books to illustrated graphic novels, this type of storytelling has come a long way. While my romance with comic books is still ongoing, in the long run, my love for graphic novels is more substantial and here to stay. (从黑白条幅、彩色漫画书到插图图像小说，这种讲故事的方式已经走过了很长的路。虽然我对漫画书的热爱仍在继续，但从长远来看，我对图像小说的热爱更加深厚，并将持续下去)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者为什么喜欢阅读图像小说。故选B项。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江苏·期末）School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington, D．C．, students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers and beds bursting with vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting (收获) vegetables for the weekend’s farmers market. Roshawn Little is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. During the summer, Little gets paid to work Tuesday through Saturday from 9 a. m. until 2 p. m. with City Blossoms, a nonprofit that brings community gardens to schools in urban areas. She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she’s taken those healthy behaviours home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country teaming up with local communities to build school gardens, like the one at Eastern. It works with schools to create learning gardens and trains teachers on how to use them to get students engaged (使参与) and improve academic performance. These gardens are really outdoor classrooms. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed or learning the science of how plants grow. For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to 15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates. 1．What does Roshawn Little think of the summer outdoor activity? A．It is a good way to earn pocket money. B．It has improved her family relationship. C．It contributes to her healthy eating habit. D．It is helpful to her academic performance. 2．What is the purpose of the school gardens? A．To invite students to care for plants. B．To advance teachers’ teaching skills. C．To get students interested in science. D．To provide a creative way of learning. 3．What does the last paragraph focus on about the project of City Blossoms? A．Its evaluations. B．Its effects. C．Its operations. D．Its expectations. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．City Blossoms: Team up with Local Community Teachers B．Happy Holiday, Sweet Memory: How Kids Enjoy the Harvest C．Outdoor Classrooms: Get out for the Weekend’s Farmers Market. D．Healthy Eaters, Smart Minds: What School Gardens Teach Kids 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区Eastern Senior High School的学生们在暑假期间参与学校花园的工作，以及与City Blossoms非营利组织合作，将社区花园带到城市学校的情况。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Roshawn Little is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. During the summer, Little gets paid to work Tuesday through Saturday from 9 a. m. until 2 p. m. with City Blossoms, a nonprofit that brings community gardens to schools in urban areas. She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she’s taken those healthy behaviours home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables.(罗肖恩·利特尔即将在东方大学读大三，她已经在这个花园里工作了三年了。在夏季，利特尔从周二到周六上午9点到下午2点为城市之花工作，这是一家将社区花园引入城市地区学校的非营利组织。她认为，在花园里工作教会了她尝试各种新事物，比如更经常地吃不同种类的蔬菜。她把这些健康的行为带回家，她的饮食习惯鼓励她的家人买更多的水果和蔬菜。)”可推知，罗肖恩·利特尔认为夏季户外活动有助于她养成健康的饮食习惯。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country teaming up with local communities to build school gardens, like the one at Eastern. It works with schools to create learning gardens and trains teachers on how to use them to get students engaged (使参与) and improve academic performance. These gardens are really outdoor classrooms. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed or learning the science of how plants grow.(城市之花是全国各地与当地社区合作建造学校花园的众多团体之一，就像东方大学的花园一样。它与学校合作创建学习花园，并培训教师如何利用它们让学生参与进来，提高学习成绩。这些花园是真正的户外教室。例如，花园可以用来上数学课，比如计算植物床的面积或学习植物生长的科学。)”可推知，学校花园的目的是提供创造性的学习方式。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to 15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates.(对于学生们来说，这段经历可以让他们在营养学上大开眼界，完全改变了他们对食物来源和生产食物所需条件的看法。根据PEER协会进行的一项独立评估，合作学校通过标准化考试的学生人数也增加了12%至15%，94%的教师报告说，学生的参与度有所提高。)”可知，城市之花项目的重点是它的影响。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she’s taken those healthy behaviours home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables.(她认为，在花园里工作教会了她尝试各种新事物，比如更经常地吃不同种类的蔬菜。她把这些健康的行为带回家，她的饮食习惯鼓励她的家人买更多的水果和蔬菜。)”以及最后一段中“For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to 15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates.(对于学生们来说，这段经历可以让他们在营养学上大开眼界，完全改变了他们对食物来源和生产食物所需条件的看法。根据PEER协会进行的一项独立评估，合作学校通过标准化考试的学生人数也增加了12%至15%，94%的教师报告说，学生的参与度有所提高)”和纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了学校花园的好处，所以D项“健康的饮食，聪明的头脑：学校花园教给孩子们什么”是本文最好的标题。故选D。 Passage5 （24-25高一下·海南省直辖县级单位·期中）Chinese calligraphy, known as shūfǎ, is the art of writing Chinese characters as a form of aesthetic expression. The birth of Chinese calligraphy began with the formation of Chinese characters thousands of years ago, including the inscriptions (铭文) on animal bones and tortoise shells, and the ones carved on bronze vessels (青铜器皿). An important development of the calligraphic script is the widely known shiguwen, or the inscriptions on stone drums, upon which Qinshihuang unified the writing of characters. Shiguwen led to the invention of dazhuan (the large-seal script), and xiaozhuan (the small-seal script) that was simpler in structure. These were followed by lishu (the clerical script), kaishu (the regular script), xingshu (the running script) and caoshu (the cursive script). Practicing calligraphy becomes a carefree dance of the Chinese brush on paper, which is far beyond communicating the meanings of the characters being written. Calligraphy is not only about writing but emphasizes the beauty of each stroke (笔画), the balance of composition, and the expression of the artist’s inner spirit. Such writing unites Chinese people living in different corners of the country from all walks of life. Whether they are a scholar, a painter, a calligrapher or a common calligraphy lover, they share the pleasure brought by calligraphy. The role calligraphy plays in Chinese cultural tradition is also evident in the close link between it and painting. Normally, they are mentioned in a union as shuhua (calligraphy and painting). A Chinese painting often bears calligraphy, added by its creator or collectors and viewers. In 1926, Liang Qichao, a famous thinker and educator of modern China, gave a speech titled “A Guide to Calligraphy” at Tsinghua campus, during which he said that calligraphy is the most beautiful and convenient tool for entertaining… to calm one’s heart and mind. He went on to note that calligraphy shows the beauty of lines, the reflective glare of ink, and the strength of handwriting. 1．On which did Qinshihuang base the unified writing of characters? A．The inscriptions on shells. B．The inscriptions on bones. C．The inscriptions on stones. D．The inscriptions on vessels. 2．Which of the following appeared first? A．Lishu. B．Caoshu. C．Xingshu. D．Dazhuan. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The history of calligraphy. B．The function of calligraphy. C．The combination of calligraphy and painting. D．The relationship between calligraphy and painting. 4．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To show the attraction of calligraphy. B．To teach people to enjoy calligraphy. C．To prove the importance of calligraphy. D．To encourage people to learn calligraphy. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国书法的发展历程、艺术价值及社会功能，并强调其在传统文化中与绘画的紧密关联及修身养性的独特魅力。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“An important development of the calligraphic script is the widely known shiguwen, or the inscriptions on stone drums, upon which Qinshihuang unified the writing of characters. (书法艺术发展历程中的一个重要里程碑是著名的“石鼓文”，秦始皇正是以此刻于石鼓上的文字为基础，完成了中国文字的统一大业)”可知，秦始皇统一文字的基础是刻在石头上的铭文。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Shiguwen led to the invention of dazhuan (the large-seal script), and xiaozhuan (the small-seal script) that was simpler in structure. These were followed by lishu (the clerical script), kaishu (the regular script), xingshu (the running script) and caoshu (the cursive script).(石鼓文催生了大篆的诞生，随后又衍生出结构更为简洁的小篆。此后，汉字书体相继演变为隶书、楷书、行书和草书)”可知，此处按时间顺序列举字体演变，大篆最早出现。故选D项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Practicing calligraphy becomes a carefree dance of the Chinese brush on paper, which is far beyond communicating the meanings of the characters being written. Calligraphy is not only about writing but emphasizes the beauty of each stroke (笔画), the balance of composition, and the expression of the artist’s inner spirit. Such writing unites Chinese people living in different corners of the country from all walks of life. Whether they are a scholar, a painter, a calligrapher or a common calligraphy lover, they share the pleasure brought by calligraphy. (练习书法犹如毛笔在宣纸上自在起舞，其意义远超越文字本身的传达功能。书法不仅是书写艺术，更讲究每一笔的韵味、章法的平衡，以及书写者内心情感的表达。这种艺术形式将中国各地、各阶层的人们紧密联结——无论学者、画家、书法家还是普通书法爱好者，都能共同感受书法带来的审美愉悦)”可知，该段核心讨论书法超越文字本身，传达艺术之美及书写者的精神，联结不同阶层，即其独特的功能。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 1926, Liang Qichao, a famous thinker and educator of modern China, gave a speech titled “A Guide to Calligraphy” at Tsinghua campus, during which he said that calligraphy is the most beautiful and convenient tool for entertaining… to calm one’s heart and mind. He went on to note that calligraphy shows the beauty of lines, the reflective glare of ink, and the strength of handwriting. (1926年，中国近代著名思想家、教育家梁启超在清华校园发表了题为《书法指导》的演讲。他在演讲中指出，书法是最优美且便利的娱乐工具……能使人宁神静气。他进一步阐释，书法展现了线条之美、墨韵之辉与笔力之劲)”可知，该段引用梁启超观点，表明书法在审美娱乐和修身养性方面具有强大作用。因此，其目的应该是展现书法的魅力。故选A项。 Passage6 （22-23高一下·广东佛山·月考）Electronic books have changed the way many people read for pleasure. Now online textbooks are changing the way some students 1 and some teachers teach. More than 175,000 students 2 the public schools in Fairfax County, Virginia, outside Washington. Last year, the school system used digital 3 in fifteen schools. This school year, middle schools and high schools changed from 4 to electronic textbooks in their social studies classes. Luke Rosa is a history teacher at Falls Church High School. His 5 work on school laptop computers. He explains the idea to them this way: “I mean, it’s just like a 6 textbook, except it’s got it all online.” Peter Noonan, a leader of schools, says with electronic textbooks, publishers can quickly 7 the content with the latest information. He says：“The world’s changing 8 . And the online textbooks can change right along with the events that are happening.” He says digital books also cost 9 than printed textbooks: “Usually it’s in the neighborhood of between fifty and seventy dollars to 10 a textbook for each student, which adds up to 11 eight million dollars for all of our students in Fairfax County. We 12 have purchased all of the online textbooks for our students for just under six million dollars.” But the students also need 13 to the Internet when they are not at school. About ten percent of students in Fairfax County do not have a computer or online access at 14 . Stephen Castillo is one of them. He has to go the public library, which has free 15 . 1．A．read B．learn C．behave D．speak 2．A．visit B．leave C．desire D．attend 3．A．cameras B．books C．libraries D．data 4．A．printed B．ordered C．used D．priced 5．A．students B．colleagues C．leaders D．friends 6．A．digital B．popular. C．regular D．different 7．A．present B．provide C．charge D．update 8．A．peacefully B．constantly C．steadily D．unnoticeably 9．A．less B．more C．higher D．better 10．A．rent B．download C．buy D．record 11．A．exactly B．eventually C．doubtfully. D．roughly 12．A．actually B．unwillingly C．hopefully D．fortunately 13．A．entrance B．approach C．access D．admission 14．A．school B．work C．hand D．home 15．A．seats B．Internet C．textbooks D．homework 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了当前社会在广泛流行的电子书的话题。电子书籍改变了许多人为了消追而阅读的方式。同时网上的电子教科书正在改变着美国费尔法克斯县的一些学生的学习方式和老师的教学方式。介绍了电子书籍的很多优势所在同时也介绍了电子书籍使用时存在的缺点，并提及了解决方法。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在电子教科书正在改变学生学习和老师教学的方式。A. read读；B. learn学习；C. behave表现；D. speak讲。 根据前文“Electronic books have changed the way many people read for pleasure.( 电子书改变了许多人为了快乐阅读的方式。)”和后文“some teachers teach”可知，电子书现在也改变学生学习的方式。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过175000学生参加公立学校学习。A. visit参观；B. leave离开；C. desire渴望；D. attend参加。根据students和下文的“the public schools”可知，此处表示学生上学应用动词attend。故选D。 3．考查名词辨析。句意：去年，学校系统在十五所学校使用数字书籍。A. cameras照相机；B. books书籍；C. libraries图书馆；D. data数据。根据下文“changed from______to electronic textbooks”可判断，此处说的是学校使用电子书籍。故选B 。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：本学年，初中和高中的社会研究课程从纸质教科书改为电子教科书。A. printed印刷；B. ordered命令；C. used使用；D. priced把……定价为。根据下文“to electronic textbooks”和后面提到的“printed textbooks”可知，学校里的印刷书籍变为了电子数字书籍，故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的学生在学校的笔记本电脑上学习。A. students学生；B. colleagues同事；C. leaders领导；D. friends朋友。根据“Luke Rosa is a history teacher”可知他是一名老师，他的学生使用笔记本电脑学习，故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的意思是，它就像一本普通的教科书，只是它把所有的内容都放到了网上。A. digital数码的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. regular有规律的；D. different不同的。根据下文“except it’s got it all online”可知，它就像平常使用的普通的教科书一样，除了它是在线的。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校负责人彼得·努南(Peter Noonan)表示，有了电子教科书，出版商可以用最新信息快速更新内容。A. present颁发；B. provide提供；C. charge要价；D. update更新。根据常识可知，用电子书，出版商可以快速地更新升级(update)最新的信息内容。故选D。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说：“这个世界始终是变化的。” A. peacefully和平地；B. constantly不断地；C. steadily稳定地；D. unnoticeably不明显地。根据下文中“the online textbooks can change right along with the events that are happening”可知，世界是始终不断变化的，consistently符合句意，故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说电子书花费成本也比印刷书籍较少。A. less更少；B. more更多；C. higher更高；D. better更好。根据下文“Usually it’s in the neighborhood of between fifty and seventy dollars to 　　10　　 a textbook for each student, which adds up to 　　11　　 eight million dollars for all of our students in Fairfax County”可知，电子书花费也比印刷书籍更少。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常每个学生买一本教科书大约需要50到70美元，费尔法克斯县所有学生加起来大约需要800万美元，A. rent租借；B. download下载；C. buy买；D. record记录。根据下文“a textbook for each student”可知，这些钱是用来给学生买书，结合下文中“have purchased ”可知表示购买。故选C。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. exactly确切地；B. eventually最终；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. roughly大约。根据常理和“adds up to”可推断，表示总共合计大约为8万美元，此处是大约数，填roughly符合句意，故选D。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们实际上已经花费不到6百万美元为我们的学生购买了所有的网络教科书。 A. actually实际上；B. unwillingly不愿意地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据下文“have purchased all of the online textbooks for our students for just under six million dollars”可知，这是实际的花费，表示实际上用actually，故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当学生在学校里的时候他们需要利用电脑的机会。 A. entrance入口；B. approach方法；C. access(接近或利用……的)权利；D. admission允许。根据上文“His 　　5　　 work on school laptop computers.”可知，学生们使用电子书必需有使用电脑的机会。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：费尔法克斯县大约10%的学生家中没有电脑或不能上网。A. school学校；B. work工作；C. hand手；D. home家。根据下文中“He has to go the public library”可知部分同学家里没有电脑，故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stephen Castillo就是其中之一。他必须去公共图书馆，那里有免费的互联网。 A. seats座位；B. Internet网络；C. textbooks课本；D. homework家庭作业。结合上文提到的部分学生家里没有电脑和使用网络的机会，因此去公共图书馆是去使用免费的网络。故选B。 Passage7 （24-25高三下·重庆·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A cultural relic at Nanchong Museum in Sichuan province has recently become a hot topic. A video posted on the Internet shows a small man-like pottery figure, 1 (refer) to as “Mini Ultraman (奥特曼)” due to its exterior. The figure has a pointed head, big eyes, and its arms 2 (raise) slightly. Strangely enough, it is quite a rare occurrence for the pottery figure to bear such a remarkable 3 (similar) to the animated character Ultraman. Since the video 4 (go) viral, many visitors have rushed to the museum just to have a look at this special figure. A staff member of the museum told reporters that they frequently receive inquiries 5 visitors about the figure. Another member noted, “Actually, we find its head particularly similar to 6 of Ultraman.” This unexpected popularity of it has created an atmosphere 7 the integration of traditional culture and modern popular culture becomes a talking point, 8 (breathe) new life into the museum and fostering a more imaginative mindset among people. This happening, 9 (public) counted as a bridge between heritage and contemporary society, has drawn widespread interest. As for the museum, they hope that this can be an opportunity 10 (let) more people know about the profound history behind cultural relics. 【答案】 1．referred 2．are raised 3．similarity 4．went 5．from 6．that 7．where 8．breathing 9．publicly 10．to let 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述的是四川省南充博物馆中的一件文物——一个因外形与动画角色奥特曼相似而被称为“迷你奥特曼”的小型人形陶俑，最近成为了网络热议的话题。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：网上发布的一段视频显示了一个像人一样的小陶俑，因其外观被称为“迷你奥特曼”。句中谓语是shows，空格处用非谓语动词，figure和refer之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填referred。 2．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这个人物有一个尖的头，大眼睛，手臂微微抬起。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，手臂是被抬起，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语arms是复数，因此空格处是are raised。故填are raised。 3．考查名词。句意：奇怪的是，这个陶制人物与动画人物奥特曼如此相似，这是非常罕见的。remarkable是形容词，修饰名词，similar的名词是similarity，意为“相似之处”，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填similarity。 4．考查时态。句意：自从这段视频在网上疯传以来，许多游客都涌向博物馆，只是为了看一看这个特殊的人物。since引导的从句时态用一般过去时，空格处是过去式went。故填went。 5．考查介词。句意：博物馆的一名工作人员告诉记者，他们经常收到游客关于这尊雕像的询问。此处表示询问是来自游客，空格处用from表示“来自”，故填from。 6．考查代词。句意：另一名成员指出，“实际上，我们发现它的头部与奥特曼特别相似。”空格处用that指代前面的head，表示“它的头部与奥特曼的头部特别相似”，故填that。 7．考查定语从句。句意：这个陶俑的意外走红营造了一种氛围，使得传统文化与现代流行文化的融合成为了人们谈论的焦点，为博物馆注入了新的活力，也激发了人们更加富有想象力的思维方式。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词atmosphere是抽象地点，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个陶俑的意外走红营造了一种氛围，使得传统文化与现代流行文化的融合成为了人们谈论的焦点，为博物馆注入了新的活力，也激发了人们更加富有想象力的思维方式。句中谓语是has created，空格处用非谓语动词，This unexpected popularity of it和breathe之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填breathing。 9．考查副词。句意：这一事件被公众视为传统文化与当代社会之间的桥梁，引起了广泛的兴趣。空格处用副词publicly修饰动词counted，publicly意为“公开地，公然地”，故填publicly。 10．考查不定式。句意：至于博物馆，他们希望这能成为一个机会，让更多的人了解文物背后的深厚历史。opportunity是机会，空格处用不定式作后置定语，故填to let。 Passage8 （24-25高一下·山东泰安·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the beginning of this year, our school has been doing a project 1 (call) “World Class”. Not everyone in the class could take part, but 2 (luck) I could. The school chose a “twin school” in a different area of the world. Our head teacher chose a school in Uganda, 3 is a poor country in Africa. They gave us someone to write to from that school. I’ve made friends with Louisa, who is two years 4 (old) than me. In her letters, she has told me all about her school and her 5 (day) life. It is the first time that I 6 (hear) about what life is like in her country. My classmates and I are living an easy and comfortable life, 7 in her school there isn’t even electricity and people in many 8 (family) do not have enough food to eat. I can hardly believe it! I think more people should help out with projects like this. 9 (help) raise money for the African school, we are going to organize an activity at the weekend. Perhaps one day I’ll be able to go to Uganda and meet Louisa 10 (I). 【答案】 1．called 2．luckily 3．which 4．older 5．daily 6．have heard 7．but 8．families 9．To help 10．myself 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的学校开展了一个名为“世界级”的项目，作者与乌干达一所学校的学生Louisa通信，了解到她的学校和日常生活，意识到自己生活舒适的同时，决定为非洲学校组织活动筹集资金，并希望有一天能亲自去乌干达见Louisa。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：从今年年初开始，我们学校一直在做一个名为“世界级”的项目。call与逻辑主语project之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。 2．考查副词。句意：不是班上的每个人都能参加，但幸运的是我能。空处应用副词形式，作状语，修饰整个句子，luckily意为“幸运地”。故填luckily。 3．考查定语从句。句意：我们的班主任选择了乌干达的一所学校，乌干达是非洲的一个贫穷国家。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Uganda，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 4．考查形容词比较级。句意：我和Louisa交上了朋友，她比我大两岁。根据空后的than可知，空处应用形容词的比较级形式older，表示“比我更大”。故填older。 5．考查形容词。句意：在她的信中，她给我讲述了她的学校和她的日常生活。空处应用形容词形式，作定语，修饰名词life，daily意为“日常的”。故填daily。 6．考查时态。句意：这是我第一次听说她的国家的生活是什么样的。“It is the first time that... ”是固定句型，表示“第一次做某事”，that从句应用现在完成时，且从句主语为I，助动词应用have。故填have heard。 7．考查连词。句意：我和我的同学过着轻松舒适的生活，但在她的学校甚至没有电，许多家庭的人没有足够的食物吃。根据“My classmates and I are living an easy and comfortable life (我和我的同学过着轻松舒适的生活)”以及“in her school there isn’t even electricity (在她的学校甚至没有电)”可知，前后分句之间为转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。 8．考查名词。句意：同上。空处在句中作宾语，应使用名词，family是可数名词，根据空前的many可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填families。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助非洲学校筹集资金，我们打算在周末组织一次活动。空处应用非谓语动词形式，作目的状语，表示“为了帮助”，应用动词不定式形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填To help。 10．考查反身代词。句意：也许有一天我能去乌干达亲自见Louisa。根据“Perhaps one day I’ll be able to go to Uganda and meet Louisa (也许有一天我能去乌干达见Louisa)”可知，此处表示“亲自”，应用反身代词myself，作meet的宾语。故填myself。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $