Unit 8 Green Living 绿色生活（话题阅读精练）英语北师大版必修第三册

Unit 8 Green Living 绿色生活 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 主题词汇积累 一、绿色理念与态度 green living n. 绿色生活 sustainable adj. 可持续的 → sustainability n. 可持续性，sustainable development n. 可持续发展 eco-friendly adj. 环保的，对环境无害的 low-carbon lifestyle n. 低碳生活方式 content adj. 满足的 → (短语) be content with... 满足于…… just-me-ism n. “唯我”主义（指只顾自己、不顾环境的心态） mindset n. 思维模式，心态 awareness n. 意识 → raise/environmental awareness 提高/环保意识 二、环境问题与现象 pollute v. 污染 → pollution n. 污染，pollutant n. 污染物 air/water/noise/soil pollution n. 空气/水/噪音/土壤污染 white pollution n. 白色污染 (指塑料污染) waste n. 废物，垃圾；v. 浪费 plastic waste n. 塑料垃圾 household waste n. 家庭垃圾 climate change n. 气候变化 global warming n. 全球变暖 greenhouse effect n. 温室效应 carbon emissions n. 碳排放 deforestation n. 森林砍伐 extinct adj. 灭绝的 → extinction n. 灭绝 endangered species n. 濒危物种 ecosystem n. 生态系统 ecological balance n. 生态平衡 三、环保行动与方案 recycle v. 回收利用 → recyclable adj. 可回收的 recycling and reuse n. 循环利用 reduce v. 减少 (如 reduce waste/pollution 减少浪费/污染) reuse v. 重复使用 take action phr. 采取行动 do one‘s part (for) phr. 尽自己的一份力（为……） protect v. 保护 → protect the environment/natural resources 保护环境/自然资源 save/conserve v. 节约 → water/energy conservation n. 节约用水/能源 sort v. 分类 → waste sorting n. 垃圾分类 lead a green life phr. 过绿色生活 四、生态、资源与生物 nature n. 自然 environment n. 环境 → environmental adj. 环境的 resource n. 资源（常用复数 resources） natural resources n. 自然资源 renewable resources n. 可再生资源 energy n. 能源 clean energy n. 清洁能源 root n. 根 shoot n. 芽，苗 species n. 物种（单复同形） wildlife n. 野生动物 时文拓展阅读 Mondays Really Are More Stressful on the Brain and Body Do you feel tired or anxious when Monday comes? You are not alone. Many people call this feeling the “Monday blues”. It’s more than just a bad mood. Scientists now find that Monday stress can leave a lasting mark on our bodies. A recent study looked at over 3,500 adults aged 50 and above in England. It found something surprising. People who felt anxious on Mondays had higher levels of a stress hormone called cortisol in their bodies, even two months later. On average, their cortisol levels were 23% higher than those who felt anxious on other weekdays. What is more interesting is that this was not just true for people who were still working. Retirees who felt Monday anxiety also showed higher cortisol levels. This suggests that the stress of Monday can become a habit for our bodies, lasting even after we stop working. Why is high cortisol a problem? In the short term, cortisol helps us stay focused. But when levels stay high for a long time, it can harm our health. It is linked to a higher risk of heart disease, diabetes, and a weaker immune system. In fact, other studies show that the chance of heart attacks is about 19% higher on Mondays. So why are Mondays so special? Researchers think the shift from the free weekend to the structured workweek brings uncertainty, which is a key driver of stress. For some, this weekly transition is always hard. The good news is that our brain’s stress response can change. Practices like mindfulness, regular exercise, and good sleep can help us manage the “Monday effect” better and protect our long-term health. 【译文欣赏】 当周一来临时，你是否感到疲惫或焦虑？你并非独自一人。许多人将这种感觉称为“周一忧郁症”。它不仅仅是一种坏情绪。科学家们现在发现，周一压力会给我们的身体留下持久的痕迹。 最近一项研究调查了英格兰3500多名50岁及以上的成年人。它发现了一些令人惊讶的现象。那些在周一感到焦虑的人，即使在两个月后，体内一种名为皮质醇的压力激素水平也更高。平均而言，他们的皮质醇水平比在其他工作日感到焦虑的人要高出23%。 更有趣的是，这不仅适用于仍在工作的人。那些感到周一焦虑的退休人员，皮质醇水平也更高。这表明，周一的压力可能会成为我们身体的一种习惯，即使在我们停止工作后仍然持续。 为什么高皮质醇水平是个问题？短期来看，皮质醇帮助我们保持专注。但当皮质醇水平长期保持高位时，它会损害我们的健康。它与更高的心脏病、糖尿病风险以及更弱的免疫系统有关。事实上，其他研究表明，周一心脏病发作的几率要高出约19%。 那么，为什么周一如此特别？研究人员认为，从自由的周末过渡到有规划的工作周带来了不确定性，这是压力的一个主要驱动因素。对一些人来说，这种每周的过渡总是很困难。 好消息是，我们大脑的压力反应是可以改变的。像正念冥想、规律运动和良好睡眠这样的习惯，可以帮助我们更好地应对“周一效应”，并保护我们的长期健康。 【词汇积累】 词汇 词性 含义/词根 例句/用法 cortisol n. 皮质醇 high cortisol levels（高皮质醇水平）；release cortisol（释放皮质醇） hormone n. 激素，荷尔蒙 growth hormone（生长激素） anxious adj. 焦虑的，担忧的 例句：She felt anxious about the upcoming exam. retiree n. 退休人员 词根：动词 retire（退休）。相关：the retired（退休人群） immune adj. 免疫的 搭配：immune system（免疫系统）；immune to（对…免疫） uncertainty n. 不确定性 词根：certain (adj. 确定的)。近义：doubt mindfulness n. 正念 搭配：practice mindfulness（练习正念） transition n. 过渡，转变 搭配：a period of transition（过渡期）。例句：The transition from high school to university can be challenging. 【长难句解析】 1. 原句：People who felt anxious on Mondays had higher levels of a stress hormone called cortisol in their bodies, even two months later. 中文释义： 那些在周一感到焦虑的人，即使在两个月后，体内一种名为皮质醇的压力激素水平也更高。 结构分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是 People ... had higher levels ...;who felt anxious on Mondays 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 People; called cortisol 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 a stress hormone; even two months later 是时间状语。 2. 原句：This suggests that the stress of Monday can become a habit for our bodies, lasting even after we stop working. 中文释义：这表明，周一的压力可能会成为我们身体的一种习惯，即使在我们停止工作后，这种习惯仍然持续。 结构分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是 This suggests that ...; that 引导一个宾语从句，作suggests的宾语。在宾语从句中，lasting even after we stop working 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示“成为习惯”这个动作持续的状态; after we stop working 是时间状语从句。 【知识拓展】 文章中提到的“Monday blues”在英文文化中有一个更流行的说法，叫做 “Blue Monday”（蓝色星期一）。这个概念最早源于2004年一位英国心理学家为某旅游公司设计的一个营销公式，该公式声称一月的第三个星期一是“一年中最令人沮丧的一天”。虽然这个公式的科学性后来受到很多质疑，但“Blue Monday”这个词却广为流传，被用来泛指人们在周一普遍感受到的工作焦虑、倦怠或情绪低落。 高考真题链接 （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.” If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. 1．How was Detrinidad’s business when it started? A．It faced tough competition. B．It suffered a great loss. C．It got lots of financial support. D．It went surprisingly well. 2．What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants? A．They appeal more to students. B．They purify the environment. C．They raise the cortisol level. D．They enhance productivity. 3．What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A．The necessity of social skills. B．The meaning of sustainability. C．The importance of repeated efforts. D．The value of professional opinions. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home 1． Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. 翻译：植物可以通过几种方式改善我们的心理状态，但最主要的方式是降低我们体内皮质醇（即压力激素）的水平。 解析：主干：Plants can improve... but the biggest is... (并列句)。修饰成分：in a few ways 为方式状语；by decreasing... 作表语，说明方式。难点：the stress hormone in our body 是 cortisol 的同位语，起解释说明作用。 2． “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. 翻译：努斯博士说：“周围有植物的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更好。” 解析：主干：Students perform better than students (主句为比较结构)。从句：句子包含两个由 who 引导的定语从句，分别修饰前后两个 students。难点：理解比较对象是“在有植物的环境中的学生”与“在没有植物的教室中的学生”。 名词 explosion 激增 hormone 激素 productivity 生产力 satisfaction 满足 stress 压力 动词 perform 表现 surround 包围 sustain 维持 tend 照料 形容词 academic 学术的 mental 精神的 短语与固定搭配 beat oneself up 过分自责 be flooded (with) 被...淹没 be invested in 投入于 in fashion 流行 state of mind 心态 translate into 转化为 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 280 向读者（特别是青少年）普及微塑料对健康的潜在风险 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 340 一个关于爱、希望与精神力量如何创造奇迹的温暖故事 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 320 以2008年汶川地震为历史转折点，系统阐述了中国如何构建一套高效、以人为本的现代化灾害管理机制。 Passage4 阅读理解 议论文 420 文章探讨了数字时代背景下，青少年的社交方式变化及其对“真实友谊”产生的潜在影响。 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 300 这是一个关于 “言传身教” 和 “诚信” 的深刻故事 Passage6 完形填空 记叙文 260 这是一个关于 音乐、友谊与勇气 的温暖故事 Passage7 语法填空 记叙文 180 这是一个关于 好奇心、小小冒险与意外教训 的生动小故事 Passage8 语法填空 记叙文 230 这是一个关于 跨文化探索、家庭影响与个人梦想 的温暖故事 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆·期中）Microplastics — tiny plastic pieces smaller than 5 mm wide — are in almost every part of our daily life. They are in the air we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat. New studies say these small bits may be bad for human health, especially for our hearts and lungs. It’s not easy to avoid them completely, but experts have given teens simple ways to touch them less. What Are Microplastics? They come from big plastic things breaking down, like packaging, man-made cloth and kitchen cutting boards. “These bits are everywhere around us,” said Abby Langer, a dietitian. Because they are so small, people take them in without noticing when eating or breathing. This makes scientists more and more worried. Foods With More Microplastics A new study shows some foods have more plastic-related chemicals. Fish pick up microplastics from dirty water. Processed foods (like canned or packaged snacks) also take in more bits when being made — even foods with “organic” labels aren’t totally free of this. Practical Ways to Reduce Contact ·Use less plastic: Choose glass bowls, steel tools or wooden cutting boards instead of plastic ones. ·Don’t heat plastic containers: Hot temperatures make plastic let out more microplastics and other harmful things faster. ·Store food better: Use glass containers instead of plastic wrap or one-time plastic bags for food. ·Put in water filtering (过滤) tools: A good filtering tool can get rid of most microplastics in drinking water. ·Eat fresher food: Eating fewer processed foods helps lower the risk of taking in microplastics. Fresh foods don’t touch plastic as much when being made. 1．What can we learn about microplastics from the text? A．They are larger than 5 mm in width. B．People may take them in unconsciously. C．New studies prove their harm to our hearts. D．Organic foods contain/no microplastics at all. 2．What is a practical way to reduce microplastic intake? A．Using wooden cutting boards in kitchen. B．Heating plastic bowls at high temperature. C．Avoiding using filters for drinking water. D．Eating more canned or packaged snacks. 3．Where is this passage most probably taken from? A．A research paper B．A news report C．A health magazine D．A public announcement Passage 2 （18-19高一下·福建莆田·期中）Many years ago, my dad was facing a serious heart condition. He was unable to do a steady job. He fell suddenly ill and had to be admitted to the hospital. He wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at the local children’s hospital. My dad loved kids. It was the perfect job for him. He ended up working with the seriously ill children. He would talk, play, and do arts with them. One of his kids was a girl with a rare disease that paralyzed (瘫痪) her from the neck down. She couldn’t do anything, and she was very depressed. My dad decided to try to help her. He started visiting her in her room, bringing paints, brushes and paper. He stood the paper up, put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint. He didn’t use his hands at all. All the while he would tell her, “See, you can do anything you set your mind to.”At the end of the day, she began to paint using her mouth, and she and my dad became friends. Soon after, the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do for her. My dad also left the children’s hospital for a little while because he became ill. Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work, in came the little girl who had been paralyzed and only this time she was walking. She ran straight over to my dad and hugged him really tight. She gave him a picture she had done using her hands. At the bottom it read: “Thank you for helping me walk.” My dad would cry every time he told us this story and so would we. He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctor, and my dad—who died just a few months after the little girl gave the picture—loved every single child in that hospital. 1．The author’s father worked at the local hospital to_______________. A．make his serious heart condition less serious B．keep himself occupied and pleased C．realize his childhood dream D．earn money to pay for treatment 2．How did the author’s father help the paralyzed little girl? A．He helped her practice walking. B．He visited her and made a toy for her. C．He showed her she could still do things. D．He painted special pictures for her. 3．According to Paragraph 3, the paralyzed girl _______________. A．eventually became a unique painter B．was sent home and never seen again C．gradually recovered and walked D．sent the author’s dad a picture painted with her mouth 4．What message does the passage mainly convey? A．It’s better to give than to receive. B．A sick person should not focus on his disease. C．Volunteering is a worthwhile thing to do. D．Love can sometimes bring great results. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东·期末）The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助) challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response (应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government. For earthquakes, getting an early warning is extremely important. The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a 20-second warning, by 63%. So in the following years China has developed an automatic (自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake. In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response. There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain, water, and air rescues, as well as earthquake relief, and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts. Whether it is earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control. To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life. Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together. And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first. 1．How does this text show the importance of early warning systems? A．By using quotes. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making contrast. 2．Why has the government set up the specialized teams? A．To carry out disaster relief internationally. B．To help the rescue and recovery work. C．To train local people in disaster prevention. D．To handle forest fires more effectively. 3．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced. B．A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world. C．Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments. D．Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways. 4．What’s the main idea of this text? A．China has improved disaster response and recovery. B．China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes. C．China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery. D．China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·贵州遵义·月考）Thirteen­year­old Kaylee has a lot of friends — 532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them. But is it possible that Kaylee’s online friendships could be making her lonely? That’s what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships. Could this be true? During your parents’ childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other. Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on social media platforms (平台). In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger, “There’s definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other,” says Katie Davis, co­author of The App Generation. Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. “If we are constantly checking in with our virtual world, we will have little time for our real ­world friendships.” says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today’s kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don’t need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face. 1．What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To summarize the text. B．To tell about true friends. C．To bring up a discussion. D．To encourage online friendship. 2．What does the underlined part “in the flesh” mean in Paragraph 3? A．In any case. B．In person. C．In full measure. D．In advance. 3．What view does Rosen hold? A．It's wise to turn to friends online. B．It's easier to develop friendships in reality. C．Teenagers need focus on real­world friendships. D．Social media help people stay closely connected. Passage5 （24-25高一下·湖南·开学考试）“Mom, will you read me this book?” my son, Max, shouted from his bedroom. “Yes, just let me get your sisters settled,” I 1 . About 40 minutes later, I walked into Max’s room and he jumped up in his bed with his 2 book in his hand. “I’m ready,” he said. But I was not. All I could think about was the breakfast that had to be made, and the work emails that were still 3 . “It’s too late, honey,” I said as I laid him back down. “But you said!” he 4 . He was 5 . I promised him to read it the next evening, though I knew I wouldn’t. A few days later, I asked Max to call his grandmother. He said 6 , “OK, Mommy.” A few minutes later, I 7 on him “Max, did you call Grandma?” “Yes,” he said. Later, when I spoke to my mother, I learned that Max had never called. So I 8 him, “Max, why did you tell me you called Grandma? Why did you 9 to me?” His 10 took my breath away: “Well, you said you were going to read me my book, and you didn’t, and that’s a lie, so I said I called Grandma, but I didn’t.” He learned the behavior from me. Trust and truth were the 11 rules of our home. I stressed 12 at all costs with my children. So why, then, did I lie? I did it to 13 the short-term conflict and disappointment. Now that I was fully 14 of the lasting effects of my behavior, I made an effort to say no when I 15 no. I just hoped it wasn’t not too late. 1．A．replied B．refused C．whispered D．ignored 2．A．annoying B．favorite C．boring D．old 3．A．undone B．unanswered C．unsaved D．undefeated 4．A．puzzled B．agreed C．thought D．insisted 5．A．disappointed B．pleased C．excited D．worried 6．A．sadly B．bitterly C．willingly D．painfully 7．A．kept B．doubted C．checked D．held 8．A．questioned B．comforted C．taught D．praised 9．A．react B．talk C．turn D．lie 10．A．method B．response C．goal D．advice 11．A．wonderful B．difficult C．basic D．simple 12．A．Communication B．belief C．honesty D．copy 13．A．get rid of B．get hold of C．take possession of D．take pride in 14．A．fond B．aware C．afraid D．sure 15．A．meant B．used C．hated D．told Passage6 （24-25高一下·新疆阿克苏·期末）Bruce loves music because it makes him feel easy. He is shy, and making friends has been 1 for him. That’s why his mother asked him to take the 2 this year. “You’d better not sit there with your headphones on,” she told him. Bruce nodded. But the moment he sat on the bus, he 3 his headphones and closed his eyes. He was soon lost in a song of his favorite band, the Blue-Bob. 4 , he sensed someone around him. He opened his eyes and saw a boy from his 5 . “Hey, Bruce? I’m Mike,” the boy said. “I think we both take the music class. Did I hear 6 singing a song by the Blue-Bob just now?” “Uh, no,” Bruce’s face turned red, “That wasn’t me.” Mike looked a little 7 . Without saying anything, he went away. For the next few days, Bruce kept asking himself 8 he had lied to Mike. “Maybe he also loves the Blue-Bob. Maybe he was just being 9 ,” he thought. So when they saw each other on the bus the next day, Bruce managed to 10 a smile on his face. “Hi, Bruce,” Mike said. “I can hear your 11 every day, and you have such a good taste.” Bruce’s eyes lit up. “Don’t you think the songs are too 12 ?” he asked. “Not at all,” Mike answered. “I love songs of the past too. My grandpa is really into music, and he has 13 me to sing many of them.” Bruce listened as Mike talked about his favorite songs. And they shared the headphones, singing softly along with the music 14 Bruce got off at his stop. “See you tomorrow!” Mike said. Bruce waved goodbye. “I must tell Mom how I 15 Mike and we had the best time... with headphones on.” he smiled to himself. 1．A．funny B．hard C．boring D．relaxing 2．A．car B．taxi C．bus D．train 3．A．put on B．took away C．paid for D．gave up 4．A．Actually B．Luckily C．Naturally D．Suddenly 5．A．story B．grade C．lab D．dream 6．A．him B．her C．you D．them 7．A．worried B．excited C．tired D．surprised 8．A．why B．how C．when D．whether 9．A．patient B．honest C．proud D．friendly 10．A．wear B．hide C．win D．find 11．A．news B．music C．name D．ideas 12．A．sad B．old C．slow D．serious 13．A．chosen B．allowed C．taught D．ordered 14．A．if B．after C．until D．although 15．A．met B．invited C．caught D．followed Passage7 （22-23高一上·四川内江·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a true story about something that happened to me last summer. I was spending the holiday 1 (happy) with my family at a beach in the south of England. I was very 2 (interest) in exploring the local area, so one morning I 3 (wake) up early and set off along the quiet road. In my eagerness to discover the local area, I forgot 4 ( tell ) my parents where I was going. It was a hot, sunny morning and I soon felt thirsty, but I was determined to challenge 5 (me) by walking to the highest point. I’m a good walker and so I pushed my way up the hill, although it was quite hard work. At the top, I saw many birds 6 (fly) around their nests(鸟巢). Feeling curious, I left the road and moved towards the nests. Aha, there were some baby birds in the nest. “If I take 7 picture of the baby birds, will I be attacked?” With 8 (butterfly) in my stomach, I held my camera up and pointed it at the birds. Just then, one of the birds made a loud noise. I was so surprised 9 I dropped my camera! I didn’t have time to worry 10 it, though. To protect their nests, the birds started to fly at me one by one to make me go away. I rushed back down the hill. Near the bottom of the hill, I heard a car engine. It was my mum’s car! I jumped in and shut the door, looking at her in panic.  “Go! Go! Go!” I shouted. I spent the rest of the summer saving up for a new camera. Passage8 （24-25高一下·甘肃定西·期末）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nursena Burus, from the historical city of Manisa of Türkiye, has developed a taste for Chinese culture thanks to 1 (it) cuisine and her travels around the country. For Burus, coming to China was more than a language-learning opportunity. Her sister, 2 studied artificial intelligence (AI) at China’s Xiamen University, inspired her 3 (take) this step and explore China. “My family and friends thought learning and 4 (use) Chinese was too difficult, but my sister showed me pictures of her life in China — her friends, festivals, and food,” Burus says. “I saw it as more than just a place to study. It looked more like 5 incredible adventure (冒险).” Burus arrived in China in February 2024, just before Chinese New Year, and 6 (immediate) got lost in the celebratory atmosphere. “Everywhere I went, the streets were filled 7 red, a color of celebration and good luck. It was a new experience for me.” After living in Tianjin University for some time, Burus found that the usually busy campus was almost empty as most Chinese students 8 (return) home for the Spring Festival earlier. But Burus still made some good Chinese classmates through food and cultural 9 (event). Her best Chinese friend, Meiqi, taught her how to use chopsticks and introduced her to Tianjin’s popular street foods. Before leaving China, Burus had left behind a wish bottle 10 (hide) on campus, which was about her future desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges between Türkiye and China. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Green Living 绿色生活 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 主题词汇积累 一、绿色理念与态度 green living n. 绿色生活 sustainable adj. 可持续的 → sustainability n. 可持续性，sustainable development n. 可持续发展 eco-friendly adj. 环保的，对环境无害的 low-carbon lifestyle n. 低碳生活方式 content adj. 满足的 → (短语) be content with... 满足于…… just-me-ism n. “唯我”主义（指只顾自己、不顾环境的心态） mindset n. 思维模式，心态 awareness n. 意识 → raise/environmental awareness 提高/环保意识 二、环境问题与现象 pollute v. 污染 → pollution n. 污染，pollutant n. 污染物 air/water/noise/soil pollution n. 空气/水/噪音/土壤污染 white pollution n. 白色污染 (指塑料污染) waste n. 废物，垃圾；v. 浪费 plastic waste n. 塑料垃圾 household waste n. 家庭垃圾 climate change n. 气候变化 global warming n. 全球变暖 greenhouse effect n. 温室效应 carbon emissions n. 碳排放 deforestation n. 森林砍伐 extinct adj. 灭绝的 → extinction n. 灭绝 endangered species n. 濒危物种 ecosystem n. 生态系统 ecological balance n. 生态平衡 三、环保行动与方案 recycle v. 回收利用 → recyclable adj. 可回收的 recycling and reuse n. 循环利用 reduce v. 减少 (如 reduce waste/pollution 减少浪费/污染) reuse v. 重复使用 take action phr. 采取行动 do one‘s part (for) phr. 尽自己的一份力（为……） protect v. 保护 → protect the environment/natural resources 保护环境/自然资源 save/conserve v. 节约 → water/energy conservation n. 节约用水/能源 sort v. 分类 → waste sorting n. 垃圾分类 lead a green life phr. 过绿色生活 四、生态、资源与生物 nature n. 自然 environment n. 环境 → environmental adj. 环境的 resource n. 资源（常用复数 resources） natural resources n. 自然资源 renewable resources n. 可再生资源 energy n. 能源 clean energy n. 清洁能源 root n. 根 shoot n. 芽，苗 species n. 物种（单复同形） wildlife n. 野生动物 时文拓展阅读 Mondays Really Are More Stressful on the Brain and Body Do you feel tired or anxious when Monday comes? You are not alone. Many people call this feeling the “Monday blues”. It’s more than just a bad mood. Scientists now find that Monday stress can leave a lasting mark on our bodies. A recent study looked at over 3,500 adults aged 50 and above in England. It found something surprising. People who felt anxious on Mondays had higher levels of a stress hormone called cortisol in their bodies, even two months later. On average, their cortisol levels were 23% higher than those who felt anxious on other weekdays. What is more interesting is that this was not just true for people who were still working. Retirees who felt Monday anxiety also showed higher cortisol levels. This suggests that the stress of Monday can become a habit for our bodies, lasting even after we stop working. Why is high cortisol a problem? In the short term, cortisol helps us stay focused. But when levels stay high for a long time, it can harm our health. It is linked to a higher risk of heart disease, diabetes, and a weaker immune system. In fact, other studies show that the chance of heart attacks is about 19% higher on Mondays. So why are Mondays so special? Researchers think the shift from the free weekend to the structured workweek brings uncertainty, which is a key driver of stress. For some, this weekly transition is always hard. The good news is that our brain’s stress response can change. Practices like mindfulness, regular exercise, and good sleep can help us manage the “Monday effect” better and protect our long-term health. 【译文欣赏】 当周一来临时，你是否感到疲惫或焦虑？你并非独自一人。许多人将这种感觉称为“周一忧郁症”。它不仅仅是一种坏情绪。科学家们现在发现，周一压力会给我们的身体留下持久的痕迹。 最近一项研究调查了英格兰3500多名50岁及以上的成年人。它发现了一些令人惊讶的现象。那些在周一感到焦虑的人，即使在两个月后，体内一种名为皮质醇的压力激素水平也更高。平均而言，他们的皮质醇水平比在其他工作日感到焦虑的人要高出23%。 更有趣的是，这不仅适用于仍在工作的人。那些感到周一焦虑的退休人员，皮质醇水平也更高。这表明，周一的压力可能会成为我们身体的一种习惯，即使在我们停止工作后仍然持续。 为什么高皮质醇水平是个问题？短期来看，皮质醇帮助我们保持专注。但当皮质醇水平长期保持高位时，它会损害我们的健康。它与更高的心脏病、糖尿病风险以及更弱的免疫系统有关。事实上，其他研究表明，周一心脏病发作的几率要高出约19%。 那么，为什么周一如此特别？研究人员认为，从自由的周末过渡到有规划的工作周带来了不确定性，这是压力的一个主要驱动因素。对一些人来说，这种每周的过渡总是很困难。 好消息是，我们大脑的压力反应是可以改变的。像正念冥想、规律运动和良好睡眠这样的习惯，可以帮助我们更好地应对“周一效应”，并保护我们的长期健康。 【词汇积累】 词汇 词性 含义/词根 例句/用法 cortisol n. 皮质醇 high cortisol levels（高皮质醇水平）；release cortisol（释放皮质醇） hormone n. 激素，荷尔蒙 growth hormone（生长激素） anxious adj. 焦虑的，担忧的 例句：She felt anxious about the upcoming exam. retiree n. 退休人员 词根：动词 retire（退休）。相关：the retired（退休人群） immune adj. 免疫的 搭配：immune system（免疫系统）；immune to（对…免疫） uncertainty n. 不确定性 词根：certain (adj. 确定的)。近义：doubt mindfulness n. 正念 搭配：practice mindfulness（练习正念） transition n. 过渡，转变 搭配：a period of transition（过渡期）。例句：The transition from high school to university can be challenging. 【长难句解析】 1. 原句：People who felt anxious on Mondays had higher levels of a stress hormone called cortisol in their bodies, even two months later. 中文释义： 那些在周一感到焦虑的人，即使在两个月后，体内一种名为皮质醇的压力激素水平也更高。 结构分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是 People ... had higher levels ...;who felt anxious on Mondays 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 People; called cortisol 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 a stress hormone; even two months later 是时间状语。 2. 原句：This suggests that the stress of Monday can become a habit for our bodies, lasting even after we stop working. 中文释义：这表明，周一的压力可能会成为我们身体的一种习惯，即使在我们停止工作后，这种习惯仍然持续。 结构分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是 This suggests that ...; that 引导一个宾语从句，作suggests的宾语。在宾语从句中，lasting even after we stop working 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示“成为习惯”这个动作持续的状态; after we stop working 是时间状语从句。 【知识拓展】 文章中提到的“Monday blues”在英文文化中有一个更流行的说法，叫做 “Blue Monday”（蓝色星期一）。这个概念最早源于2004年一位英国心理学家为某旅游公司设计的一个营销公式，该公式声称一月的第三个星期一是“一年中最令人沮丧的一天”。虽然这个公式的科学性后来受到很多质疑，但“Blue Monday”这个词却广为流传，被用来泛指人们在周一普遍感受到的工作焦虑、倦怠或情绪低落。 高考真题链接 （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.” If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. 1．How was Detrinidad’s business when it started? A．It faced tough competition. B．It suffered a great loss. C．It got lots of financial support. D．It went surprisingly well. 2．What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants? A．They appeal more to students. B．They purify the environment. C．They raise the cortisol level. D．They enhance productivity. 3．What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A．The necessity of social skills. B．The meaning of sustainability. C．The importance of repeated efforts. D．The value of professional opinions. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过Detrinidad的创业经历和专家研究，说明室内植物对人们心理健康和工作效率的积极影响，以及近年来居家趋势推动了室内植物产业的发展。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. (当Sonja Detrinidad开设她的网店售卖室内植物时，她并没有抱太大的期望。但结果却恰恰相反：订单如潮水般涌来，仅在2020年6月就寄出了1200份订单)”可知，Sonja Detrinidad刚开始开网店卖室内植物时，并没有抱太大希望，但实际情况是订单很多，生意出奇地好。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”(Knuth表示：“身处植物周围的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更出色。这种效率提升同样适用于成年人的工作场合。我们的研究显示，在植物丰富的工作环境中，人们的病假率降低了 30%。”)”可知，Knuth的研究发现，接触植物的学生学业表现更好，成年人在植物丰富的工作环境中生产率提高，病假率降低，因此，“植物能提升生产率”是她的发现之一。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. (Detrinidad说：“医生需要不断实践医术，律师需要持续精进法律实务，而养护植物同样需要给自己练习的机会。照料植物是一种培养耐心和学习的过程。要用心呵护它，但如果它枯萎了，就再养一株新的。”)”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师需要不断实践来强调“照顾植物需要反复尝试”。她认为养植物失败是正常的，重要的是持续努力。由此推断，她提到医生和律师是为了解释“重复努力的重要性”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章第一段以Detrinidad的成功为例引出室内植物行业的兴起，第二段至第三段通过Knuth的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水平改善心情、提升生产率，第四段鼓励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响”展开。选项B“Plants Boost Your Mood (植物改善你的情绪)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B。 1． Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. 翻译：植物可以通过几种方式改善我们的心理状态，但最主要的方式是降低我们体内皮质醇（即压力激素）的水平。 解析：主干：Plants can improve... but the biggest is... (并列句)。修饰成分：in a few ways 为方式状语；by decreasing... 作表语，说明方式。难点：the stress hormone in our body 是 cortisol 的同位语，起解释说明作用。 2． “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. 翻译：努斯博士说：“周围有植物的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更好。” 解析：主干：Students perform better than students (主句为比较结构)。从句：句子包含两个由 who 引导的定语从句，分别修饰前后两个 students。难点：理解比较对象是“在有植物的环境中的学生”与“在没有植物的教室中的学生”。 名词 explosion 激增 hormone 激素 productivity 生产力 satisfaction 满足 stress 压力 动词 perform 表现 surround 包围 sustain 维持 tend 照料 形容词 academic 学术的 mental 精神的 短语与固定搭配 beat oneself up 过分自责 be flooded (with) 被...淹没 be invested in 投入于 in fashion 流行 state of mind 心态 translate into 转化为 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 280 向读者（特别是青少年）普及微塑料对健康的潜在风险 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 340 一个关于爱、希望与精神力量如何创造奇迹的温暖故事 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 320 以2008年汶川地震为历史转折点，系统阐述了中国如何构建一套高效、以人为本的现代化灾害管理机制。 Passage4 阅读理解 议论文 420 文章探讨了数字时代背景下，青少年的社交方式变化及其对“真实友谊”产生的潜在影响。 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 300 这是一个关于 “言传身教” 和 “诚信” 的深刻故事 Passage6 完形填空 记叙文 260 这是一个关于 音乐、友谊与勇气 的温暖故事 Passage7 语法填空 记叙文 180 这是一个关于 好奇心、小小冒险与意外教训 的生动小故事 Passage8 语法填空 记叙文 230 这是一个关于 跨文化探索、家庭影响与个人梦想 的温暖故事 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆·期中）Microplastics — tiny plastic pieces smaller than 5 mm wide — are in almost every part of our daily life. They are in the air we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat. New studies say these small bits may be bad for human health, especially for our hearts and lungs. It’s not easy to avoid them completely, but experts have given teens simple ways to touch them less. What Are Microplastics? They come from big plastic things breaking down, like packaging, man-made cloth and kitchen cutting boards. “These bits are everywhere around us,” said Abby Langer, a dietitian. Because they are so small, people take them in without noticing when eating or breathing. This makes scientists more and more worried. Foods With More Microplastics A new study shows some foods have more plastic-related chemicals. Fish pick up microplastics from dirty water. Processed foods (like canned or packaged snacks) also take in more bits when being made — even foods with “organic” labels aren’t totally free of this. Practical Ways to Reduce Contact ·Use less plastic: Choose glass bowls, steel tools or wooden cutting boards instead of plastic ones. ·Don’t heat plastic containers: Hot temperatures make plastic let out more microplastics and other harmful things faster. ·Store food better: Use glass containers instead of plastic wrap or one-time plastic bags for food. ·Put in water filtering (过滤) tools: A good filtering tool can get rid of most microplastics in drinking water. ·Eat fresher food: Eating fewer processed foods helps lower the risk of taking in microplastics. Fresh foods don’t touch plastic as much when being made. 1．What can we learn about microplastics from the text? A．They are larger than 5 mm in width. B．People may take them in unconsciously. C．New studies prove their harm to our hearts. D．Organic foods contain/no microplastics at all. 2．What is a practical way to reduce microplastic intake? A．Using wooden cutting boards in kitchen. B．Heating plastic bowls at high temperature. C．Avoiding using filters for drinking water. D．Eating more canned or packaged snacks. 3．Where is this passage most probably taken from? A．A research paper B．A news report C．A health magazine D．A public announcement 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了微塑料的来源、对健康的影响及减少接触的实用方法。 1．细节理解题。根据What Are Microplastics?部分中“Because they are so small, people take them in without noticing when eating or breathing.(因为它们太小了，人们在吃东西或呼吸时会在不知不觉中吸入它们。)”可知，人们可能会在不知不觉中摄入微塑料。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Practical Ways to Reduce Contact部分中“Use less plastic: Choose glass bowls, steel tools or wooden cutting boards instead of plastic ones.(少用塑料：选择玻璃碗、钢制工具或木制砧板，而不是塑料的。)”可知，使用木制砧板是减少微塑料摄入的实用方法。故选A。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Microplastics — tiny plastic pieces smaller than 5 mm wide — are in almost every part of our daily life. They are in the air we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat. New studies say these small bits may be bad for human health, especially for our hearts and lungs.(微塑料——宽度小于5毫米的微小塑料碎片——几乎存在于我们日常生活的每一个角落。它们存在于我们呼吸的空气中、我们喝的水中和我们吃的食物中。新的研究表明，这些小碎片可能对人类健康有害，尤其是对我们的心脏和肺有害。)”可知，文章主要讲述了微塑料的来源、对健康的影响及减少接触的实用方法，这些内容与健康相关，因此这篇文章最有可能来自一本健康杂志。故选C。 Passage 2 （18-19高一下·福建莆田·期中）Many years ago, my dad was facing a serious heart condition. He was unable to do a steady job. He fell suddenly ill and had to be admitted to the hospital. He wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at the local children’s hospital. My dad loved kids. It was the perfect job for him. He ended up working with the seriously ill children. He would talk, play, and do arts with them. One of his kids was a girl with a rare disease that paralyzed (瘫痪) her from the neck down. She couldn’t do anything, and she was very depressed. My dad decided to try to help her. He started visiting her in her room, bringing paints, brushes and paper. He stood the paper up, put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint. He didn’t use his hands at all. All the while he would tell her, “See, you can do anything you set your mind to.”At the end of the day, she began to paint using her mouth, and she and my dad became friends. Soon after, the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do for her. My dad also left the children’s hospital for a little while because he became ill. Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work, in came the little girl who had been paralyzed and only this time she was walking. She ran straight over to my dad and hugged him really tight. She gave him a picture she had done using her hands. At the bottom it read: “Thank you for helping me walk.” My dad would cry every time he told us this story and so would we. He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctor, and my dad—who died just a few months after the little girl gave the picture—loved every single child in that hospital. 1．The author’s father worked at the local hospital to_______________. A．make his serious heart condition less serious B．keep himself occupied and pleased C．realize his childhood dream D．earn money to pay for treatment 2．How did the author’s father help the paralyzed little girl? A．He helped her practice walking. B．He visited her and made a toy for her. C．He showed her she could still do things. D．He painted special pictures for her. 3．According to Paragraph 3, the paralyzed girl _______________. A．eventually became a unique painter B．was sent home and never seen again C．gradually recovered and walked D．sent the author’s dad a picture painted with her mouth 4．What message does the passage mainly convey? A．It’s better to give than to receive. B．A sick person should not focus on his disease. C．Volunteering is a worthwhile thing to do. D．Love can sometimes bring great results. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了一个感人的故事。作者的父亲因为心脏病住院，在住院期间为了使自己忙碌和充实起来，他去了当地的儿童医院做一名志愿者。在医院他鼓励一位因疾病而瘫痪在的小女孩勇敢乐观，教她用嘴画画。终于小女孩能够走路了。爱的力量有时候比医生的力量更加强大。 1．细节理解题。由第二段“He wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at the local children’s hospital”可知，他想做点什么让自己忙碌起来，所以他决定去当地的儿童医院做一名志愿者。所以作者的父亲在当地一家医院工作是让自己保持忙碌和使自己快乐。故B选项正确。 2．细节理解题。由第三段“All the while he would tell her, “See, you can do anything you set your mind to.” At the end of the day, she began to paint using her mouth, ”可知，他总是对她说：“你看，你可以做任何你想做的事。”一天结束时，她已经学会了用嘴画画。所以作者的父亲是通过向小女孩展示了她仍然可以做很多事情来帮助这个瘫痪的小女孩的。故C选项正确。 3．细节理解题。由第三段“in came the little girl who had been paralyzed and only this time she was walking.”可知，那个瘫痪的小女孩走了进来，只是这次她能走了。所以根据第3段，瘫痪的女孩逐渐恢复健康并能够行走。故C选项正确。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后段“love is more powerful than doctor”可知，短文讲述了一个感人的故事。作者的父亲因为心脏病住院，在住院期间为了使自己忙碌和充实起来，他去了当地的儿童医院做志愿者。在医院他鼓励一位因疾病而瘫痪在的小女孩勇敢乐观，教她用嘴画画，终于小女孩能够走路了，爱的力量有时候比医生的力量更加强大。所以这篇文章主要传达了爱可以带来异乎寻常的结果。故D选项正确。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东·期末）The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助) challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response (应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government. For earthquakes, getting an early warning is extremely important. The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a 20-second warning, by 63%. So in the following years China has developed an automatic (自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake. In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response. There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain, water, and air rescues, as well as earthquake relief, and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts. Whether it is earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control. To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life. Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together. And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first. 1．How does this text show the importance of early warning systems? A．By using quotes. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making contrast. 2．Why has the government set up the specialized teams? A．To carry out disaster relief internationally. B．To help the rescue and recovery work. C．To train local people in disaster prevention. D．To handle forest fires more effectively. 3．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced. B．A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world. C．Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments. D．Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways. 4．What’s the main idea of this text? A．China has improved disaster response and recovery. B．China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes. C．China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery. D．China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a 20-second warning, by 63%.(成都高科技减灾中心发现，三秒钟的预警可以将受伤人数减少14%；10秒警告，39%；20秒的警告，63%)”可知，本文通过列出数据来展示预警系统的重要性。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.(2018年，中国政府还创建了应急管理部，联合民政部门、红十字会及国家消防救援局，确保全天候的应急响应)”以及第四段“Whether it is earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control.(无论是地震、台风、洪水还是森林火灾，中国在灾后恢复方面都有着出色的记录，因为它能够组织电力、水利和供应、电信和疾病控制等各部门的资源)”可知，政府建立专业队伍是为了协助救援和恢复工作。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.(为了减少后续灾害的影响，这些部门将尽其所能修复受损的公路和铁路，恢复电力、供水、通信和其他服务，帮助人们恢复正常生活)”可知，灾后救助需要多个部门的共同努力。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助) challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response (应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government.(2008年汶川地震造成数万人死亡，数十万人受伤，这一事件改变了中国在这一领域的一切。8.0级地震给该国带来了自1949年以来最困难的救援挑战，导致对该国应急响应能力的全面审查和改进。从那时起，预防和控制灾害就成为中国政府最关心的问题)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。故选A项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·贵州遵义·月考）Thirteen­year­old Kaylee has a lot of friends — 532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them. But is it possible that Kaylee’s online friendships could be making her lonely? That’s what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships. Could this be true? During your parents’ childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other. Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on social media platforms (平台). In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger, “There’s definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other,” says Katie Davis, co­author of The App Generation. Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. “If we are constantly checking in with our virtual world, we will have little time for our real ­world friendships.” says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today’s kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don’t need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face. 1．What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To summarize the text. B．To tell about true friends. C．To bring up a discussion. D．To encourage online friendship. 2．What does the underlined part “in the flesh” mean in Paragraph 3? A．In any case. B．In person. C．In full measure. D．In advance. 3．What view does Rosen hold? A．It's wise to turn to friends online. B．It's easier to develop friendships in reality. C．Teenagers need focus on real­world friendships. D．Social media help people stay closely connected. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过13岁女孩Kaylee拥有大量线上朋友这一现象，分析了线上交友的优势，同时也探讨了过度线上交流对建立深度现实友谊可能产生的负面影响。 1．推理判断题。文章第一段讲述了13岁的Kaylee有很多线上朋友，且花大量时间和他们在一起，接着第二段提出“But is it possible that Kaylee’s online friendships could be making her lonely? That’s what some experts believe. (但是Kaylee的线上友谊有可能让她感到孤独吗？一些专家是这样认为的。)”由此可知，第一段通过Kaylee的例子引出了关于线上交友是否会影响真实友谊的讨论。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“During your parents’ childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other. (在你父母童年的时候，和朋友联系通常意味着和他们“in the flesh”相处。孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是在手机上玩“Words With Friends”。当朋友们想念彼此时，他们会拿起电话。朋友们甚至可能会互相写信。) ”从后面描述的孩子们围桌玩游戏、打电话、写信等面对面交流的方式，可以推断出“in the flesh”意思是“亲自，本人”，与“in person”意思相近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. ‘If we are constantly checking in with our virtual world, we will have little time for our real world friendships.’ says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today’s kids might mistake the ‘friends’ on the social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don’t need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face. (然而，其他专家警告说，过多的线上交流会妨碍深厚友谊的形成。加州州立大学教授Larry Rosen说：“如果我们总是关注虚拟世界，那么我们用于现实世界友谊的时间就会很少。”Rosen还担心现在的孩子可能会把社交媒体上的“朋友”误认为是生活中的真朋友。然而，在困难时期，你不需要有人喜欢你的照片或分享你的博客。你需要一个能为你保守秘密、握着你的手的人。你希望面对面交流。) ”由此可知，Rosen认为孩子们应该多关注现实世界的友谊。故选C。 Passage5 （24-25高一下·湖南·开学考试）“Mom, will you read me this book?” my son, Max, shouted from his bedroom. “Yes, just let me get your sisters settled,” I 1 . About 40 minutes later, I walked into Max’s room and he jumped up in his bed with his 2 book in his hand. “I’m ready,” he said. But I was not. All I could think about was the breakfast that had to be made, and the work emails that were still 3 . “It’s too late, honey,” I said as I laid him back down. “But you said!” he 4 . He was 5 . I promised him to read it the next evening, though I knew I wouldn’t. A few days later, I asked Max to call his grandmother. He said 6 , “OK, Mommy.” A few minutes later, I 7 on him “Max, did you call Grandma?” “Yes,” he said. Later, when I spoke to my mother, I learned that Max had never called. So I 8 him, “Max, why did you tell me you called Grandma? Why did you 9 to me?” His 10 took my breath away: “Well, you said you were going to read me my book, and you didn’t, and that’s a lie, so I said I called Grandma, but I didn’t.” He learned the behavior from me. Trust and truth were the 11 rules of our home. I stressed 12 at all costs with my children. So why, then, did I lie? I did it to 13 the short-term conflict and disappointment. Now that I was fully 14 of the lasting effects of my behavior, I made an effort to say no when I 15 no. I just hoped it wasn’t not too late. 1．A．replied B．refused C．whispered D．ignored 2．A．annoying B．favorite C．boring D．old 3．A．undone B．unanswered C．unsaved D．undefeated 4．A．puzzled B．agreed C．thought D．insisted 5．A．disappointed B．pleased C．excited D．worried 6．A．sadly B．bitterly C．willingly D．painfully 7．A．kept B．doubted C．checked D．held 8．A．questioned B．comforted C．taught D．praised 9．A．react B．talk C．turn D．lie 10．A．method B．response C．goal D．advice 11．A．wonderful B．difficult C．basic D．simple 12．A．Communication B．belief C．honesty D．copy 13．A．get rid of B．get hold of C．take possession of D．take pride in 14．A．fond B．aware C．afraid D．sure 15．A．meant B．used C．hated D．told 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我与儿子之间发生的对彼此说谎的小故事，这两件事使我意识到，我的行为会为孩子带来的持久影响，因此我决心要对孩子保持诚实。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的，我先把你的妹妹安顿好，”我回答。A. replied回复；B. refused拒绝；C. whispered耳语；D. ignored忽视。根据上文““Yes, just let me get your sisters settled”可知，我在回答孩子上文““Mom, will you read me this book?” my son, Max”提出的问题。故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约40分钟后，我走进马克斯的房间，他从床上跳了起来，手里拿着他最喜欢的书。A. annoying令人厌烦的；B. favorite最喜欢的；C. boring无聊的；D. old旧的。根据上文““Mom, will you read me this book?” my son, Max”可知，孩子请求我为他读这本书，因此这本书是他最喜欢的。故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我满脑子想的都是要做的早餐，还有那些还没回复的工作邮件。A. undone未做的；B. unanswered未答复的；C. unsaved未拯救的；D. undefeated未被击败的。根据上文“All I could think about was the breakfast that had to be made”可知，我满脑子想的都是早饭要吃什么，即一些未做的事情，此处的邮件是未回复的待回复的邮件。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“可是你说过！”他坚持道。A. puzzled使困惑；B. agreed同意；C. thought思考；D. insisted坚持。根据上文“But you said!”可知，孩子与我理论，因为我早前承诺给他读书，因此他坚持要我给他读书。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很失望。A. disappointed失望的；B. pleased满意的；C. excited兴奋的；D. worried担忧的。根据上文““It’s too late, honey,””和下文“I promised him to read it the next evening”可知，我再次承诺下次给他读书，今晚这次就不读了，我违背了诺言，因此孩子感到失望。故选A。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他欣然地说：“好的，妈妈。” A. sadly伤心地；B. bitterly苦地；C. willingly乐意地；D. painfully痛苦地。根据下文“OK, Mommy.”可知，孩子是欣然同意了我的请求。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，我去向他核实：“麦克斯，你给奶奶打电话了吗？” A. kept保持；B. doubted怀疑；C. checked核实，检查；D. held拿着。根据下文“Max, did you call Grandma?”可知，我再次与孩子核实确认是否打了电话。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我问他：“麦克斯，你为什么告诉我你给奶奶打电话了？你为什么对我撒谎？” A. questioned质问；B. comforted安慰；C. taught教；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“I learned that Max had never called”及下文“Max, why did you tell me you called Grandma?”可知，我确定了孩子没有打电话之后再次问他，此时是质问他。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我问他：“麦克斯，你为什么告诉我你给奶奶打电话了？你为什么对我撒谎？” A. react反应；B. talk谈话；C. turn翻转；D. lie说谎。根据上文“I learned that Max had never called”及“Max, why did you tell me you called Grandma?”可知，我确定了孩子没有打电话，于是质问他，为什么要说谎。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回答让我大吃一惊：“嗯，你说你要给我读我的书，但你没有，那是谎言，所以我说我给奶奶打了电话，但我没有。”A. method方法；B. response回应；C. goal目标；D. advice建议。根据下文“Well, you said you were going to read me my book, and you didn’t, and that’s a lie, so I said I called Grandma, but I didn’t.”可知，孩子对于我的质问予以回应。故选B。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任和诚实是我们家的基本准则。A. wonderful很棒的；B. difficult困难的；C. basic基本的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“So why, then, did I lie?”可知，我意识到自己撒谎不对，于是反问自己，为何要撒谎，由此可知，我内心要求孩子和自己要对彼此信任并保持诚实，因此信任和诚实是基本准则。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我强调要不惜一切代价对我的孩子诚实。A. communication沟通；B. belief信念；C. honesty诚实；D. copy复印。根据下文“So why, then, did I lie?”可知，我意识到自己撒谎不对，于是反问自己，为何要撒谎，由此可知，我内心要求孩子和自己要不惜一切代价对彼此信任并保持诚实。故选C。 13．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我这样做是为了摆脱短期的冲突和失望。A. get rid of摆脱；B. get hold of拿着；C. take possession of占有；D. take pride in引以为豪。根据上文““Mom, will you read me this book?” my son, Max, shouted from his bedroom. “Yes, just let me get your sisters settled,””以及““It’s too late, honey,” I said as I laid him back down.”可知，我在孩子提出请求时，为了暂时安抚孩子选择说谎，但并未遵守诺言，因此我说谎是为了避免当时与孩子发生冲突而令他失望。故选A。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：既然我已经完全意识到我的行为所带来的持久影响，我就努力在我想说“不”的时候说“不”。A. fond喜欢的；B. aware意识到的；C. afraid害怕的；D. sure确保的。根据上文“He learned the behavior from me.”可知，我知道到孩子说谎的行为是在模仿我，所以现在意识到我的行为对他的持久影响。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然我已经完全意识到我的行为所带来的持久影响，我就努力在我想说“不”的时候说“不”。A. meant意欲，打算；B. used使用；C. hated讨厌；D. told告知。根据上文“Now that I was fully ___14___ of the lasting effects of my behavior”可知，我意识到自己的行为会影响孩子，因此我们一定要保持对彼此的信任和诚实，所以我要在明知不能信守诺言，意欲拒绝别人请求时要坚决说不。故选A。 Passage6 （24-25高一下·新疆阿克苏·期末）Bruce loves music because it makes him feel easy. He is shy, and making friends has been 1 for him. That’s why his mother asked him to take the 2 this year. “You’d better not sit there with your headphones on,” she told him. Bruce nodded. But the moment he sat on the bus, he 3 his headphones and closed his eyes. He was soon lost in a song of his favorite band, the Blue-Bob. 4 , he sensed someone around him. He opened his eyes and saw a boy from his 5 . “Hey, Bruce? I’m Mike,” the boy said. “I think we both take the music class. Did I hear 6 singing a song by the Blue-Bob just now?” “Uh, no,” Bruce’s face turned red, “That wasn’t me.” Mike looked a little 7 . Without saying anything, he went away. For the next few days, Bruce kept asking himself 8 he had lied to Mike. “Maybe he also loves the Blue-Bob. Maybe he was just being 9 ,” he thought. So when they saw each other on the bus the next day, Bruce managed to 10 a smile on his face. “Hi, Bruce,” Mike said. “I can hear your 11 every day, and you have such a good taste.” Bruce’s eyes lit up. “Don’t you think the songs are too 12 ?” he asked. “Not at all,” Mike answered. “I love songs of the past too. My grandpa is really into music, and he has 13 me to sing many of them.” Bruce listened as Mike talked about his favorite songs. And they shared the headphones, singing softly along with the music 14 Bruce got off at his stop. “See you tomorrow!” Mike said. Bruce waved goodbye. “I must tell Mom how I 15 Mike and we had the best time... with headphones on.” he smiled to himself. 1．A．funny B．hard C．boring D．relaxing 2．A．car B．taxi C．bus D．train 3．A．put on B．took away C．paid for D．gave up 4．A．Actually B．Luckily C．Naturally D．Suddenly 5．A．story B．grade C．lab D．dream 6．A．him B．her C．you D．them 7．A．worried B．excited C．tired D．surprised 8．A．why B．how C．when D．whether 9．A．patient B．honest C．proud D．friendly 10．A．wear B．hide C．win D．find 11．A．news B．music C．name D．ideas 12．A．sad B．old C．slow D．serious 13．A．chosen B．allowed C．taught D．ordered 14．A．if B．after C．until D．although 15．A．met B．invited C．caught D．followed 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了害羞的Bruce在公交车上与同学Mike因音乐结缘的故事。Bruce因怕被嘲笑而撒谎，但Mike理解并分享了自己的音乐爱好，最终两人成为朋友，Bruce感受到了友谊的温暖。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很害羞，交朋友对他来说很难。A. funny有趣的；B. hard困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根据前文“He is shy”可知，他性格害羞，所以交朋友这件事对他来说应该是困难的。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是他妈妈让他今年坐公共汽车的原因。A. car汽车；B. taxi出租车；C. bus公共汽车；D. train火车。根据后文“But the moment he sat on the bus”可知，这里妈妈让他乘坐的是公共汽车。故选C项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但当他一坐在公共汽车上，他就戴上耳机，闭上了眼睛。A. put on戴上；B. took away带走；C. paid for支付；D. gave up放弃。根据前文“You’d better not sit there with your headphones on”以及后文“his headphones and closed his eyes”可知，他沉浸在音乐中，戴上了耳机。故选A项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，他感觉到身边有人。A. Actually实际上；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Suddenly突然地。根据前文他沉浸在音乐中，以及后文“he sensed someone around him”可知，他原本沉浸在自己的世界里，突然感觉到身边有人。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他睁开眼睛，看到一个同年级的男孩。A. story故事；B. grade年级；C. lab实验室；D. dream梦想。根据后文“I think we both take the music class”可知，他们一起上音乐课，由此可推断这个男孩和他是同年级的。故选B项。 6．考查代词词义辨析。句意：我刚才听到你在唱Blue-Bob的歌吗？A. him他；B. her她；C. you你；D. them他们。根据后文“That wasn’t me.”可知，男孩在问Bruce是不是在唱Blue-Bob的歌。故选C项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mike看起来有点惊讶。A. worried担忧的；B. excited兴奋的；C. tired疲惫的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据前文“‘Uh, no,’ Bruce’s face turned red, ‘That wasn’t me.’”可知，Bruce否认自己在唱歌，以及后文“Without saying anything, he went away”可知，Bruce的回答让Mike感到意外，所以Mike看起来有点惊讶。故选D项。 8．考查连词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几天，Bruce一直在问自己为什么要对Mike撒谎。A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. when何时；D. whether是否。根据后文“Maybe he also loves the Blue-Bob. Maybe he was just being”可知，Bruce想着也许Mike是出于友好，所以应是问自己为什么要对他撒谎，“why”表示为什么，符合语境。故选A项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“也许他只是出于友好，”他想。A. patient耐心的；B. honest诚实的；C. proud自豪的；D. friendly友好的。根据前文Bruce猜测Mike也喜欢Blue-Bob，以及后文“Bruce managed to  ___10___  a smile on his face.”可知，之后Bruce决定对Mike友好一些，是因为Bruce认为Mike当时的行为可能是出于友好。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当他们第二天在公共汽车上见面时，Bruce脸上努力挤出了一丝笑容。A. wear穿，戴，露出（表情）；B. hide隐藏；C. win赢得；D. find找到。根据后文“a smile on his face”可知，这里是Bruce设法让自己的脸上露出笑容。故选A项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天都能听到你的音乐，你的品味真好。A. news新闻；B. music音乐；C. name名字；D. ideas想法。根据后文“you have such a good taste.”可知，Mike能够听到Bruce的音乐，认为Bruce的音乐品味很好。故选B项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不觉得这些歌太老了吗？A. sad悲伤的；B. old老的；C. slow慢的；D. serious严肃的。根据后文Mike回答“I love songs of the past too”可知，Bruce这里问的是Mike是否觉得这些歌太老了。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爷爷非常喜欢音乐，他教了我很多这样的歌。A. chosen选择；B. allowed允许；C. taught教；D. ordered命令。根据后文“to sing many of them”可知，这里是爷爷教Mike唱这些歌。故选C项。 14．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们分享着耳机，跟着音乐轻声唱歌，直到Bruce下车。A. if如果；B. after在……之后；C. until直到；D. although虽然。根据后文“Bruce got off at his stop”可知，这里是说他们一起分享耳机唱歌，一直到Bruce下车。故选C项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须告诉妈妈我是怎么遇到Mike的，我们度过了最美好的时光……戴着耳机。A. met遇见；B. invited邀请；C. caught抓住；D. followed跟随。根据前文Bruce和Mike在公共汽车上相识、交流以及一起分享耳机唱歌等情节可知，这里Bruce要告诉妈妈自己是怎么遇到Mike的，“met”符合语境。故选A项。 Passage7 （22-23高一上·四川内江·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a true story about something that happened to me last summer. I was spending the holiday 1 (happy) with my family at a beach in the south of England. I was very 2 (interest) in exploring the local area, so one morning I 3 (wake) up early and set off along the quiet road. In my eagerness to discover the local area, I forgot 4 ( tell ) my parents where I was going. It was a hot, sunny morning and I soon felt thirsty, but I was determined to challenge 5 (me) by walking to the highest point. I’m a good walker and so I pushed my way up the hill, although it was quite hard work. At the top, I saw many birds 6 (fly) around their nests(鸟巢). Feeling curious, I left the road and moved towards the nests. Aha, there were some baby birds in the nest. “If I take 7 picture of the baby birds, will I be attacked?” With 8 (butterfly) in my stomach, I held my camera up and pointed it at the birds. Just then, one of the birds made a loud noise. I was so surprised 9 I dropped my camera! I didn’t have time to worry 10 it, though. To protect their nests, the birds started to fly at me one by one to make me go away. I rushed back down the hill. Near the bottom of the hill, I heard a car engine. It was my mum’s car! I jumped in and shut the door, looking at her in panic.  “Go! Go! Go!” I shouted. I spent the rest of the summer saving up for a new camera. 【答案】 1．happily 2．interested 3．woke 4．to tell 5．myself 6．flying 7．a 8．butterflies 9．that 10．about 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在南英格兰度假时，一个人探索当地，在山顶看到一群鸟绕着鸟巢飞来飞去，作者想给鸟宝宝拍一张照，结果被鸟驱赶，吓得把相机都扔了。 1．考查副词。句意：我和我的家人在英格兰南部的一个海滩上愉快地度假。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰谓语动词was spending，应用副词，happy的副词形式为happily。故填happily。 2．考查形容词。句意：我对探索当地非常感兴趣，所以一天早上我起得很早，沿着安静的道路出发了。be interested in为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣的”。故填interested。 3．考查动词时态。句意：我对探索当地非常感兴趣，所以一天早上我起得很早，沿着安静的道路出发了。设空处在句中作谓语，应填动词；主语为I，与动词wake之间为主动关系；结合时间状语one morning及上下文动词时态可知，此处是在描述过去的事，应用一般过去时。故填woke。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我急于发现当地，忘记告诉我的父母我要去哪里。根据句意可知，此处表示“忘记要告诉父母”；forget to do sth表示“忘记要做某事”，而forget doing sth表示“忘记做过某事”。故填to tell。 5．考查反身代词。句意：这是一个炎热、阳光明媚的早晨，我很快就感到口渴了，但我决定挑战自己，步行到最高点。设空处在句中作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“挑战我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在山顶上，我看到许多鸟在它们的巢周围飞来飞去。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词saw，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式；其逻辑主语为birds，与动词fly之间为主动关系，应用现在分词flying，整个分词短语作宾语补足语。故填flying。 7．考查冠词。句意：如果我给鸟宝宝拍照，我会受到攻击吗？take a picture短语，表示“拍照”。故填a。 8．考查名词复数。句意：我心里忐忑不安，举起相机对准鸟儿。butterflies in my stomach为固定短语，表示“七上八下、忐忑不安”，此处应用名词复数。故填butterflies。 9．考查状语从句。句意：我太惊讶了，我的相机掉了！分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，结合前面的so surprised可知，此处是一个so…that…引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以致……”。故填that。 10．考查固定搭配。句意：不过，我没有时间去担心它。worry about为固定短语，表示“担忧、担心”。故填about。 Passage8 （24-25高一下·甘肃定西·期末）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nursena Burus, from the historical city of Manisa of Türkiye, has developed a taste for Chinese culture thanks to 1 (it) cuisine and her travels around the country. For Burus, coming to China was more than a language-learning opportunity. Her sister, 2 studied artificial intelligence (AI) at China’s Xiamen University, inspired her 3 (take) this step and explore China. “My family and friends thought learning and 4 (use) Chinese was too difficult, but my sister showed me pictures of her life in China — her friends, festivals, and food,” Burus says. “I saw it as more than just a place to study. It looked more like 5 incredible adventure (冒险).” Burus arrived in China in February 2024, just before Chinese New Year, and 6 (immediate) got lost in the celebratory atmosphere. “Everywhere I went, the streets were filled 7 red, a color of celebration and good luck. It was a new experience for me.” After living in Tianjin University for some time, Burus found that the usually busy campus was almost empty as most Chinese students 8 (return) home for the Spring Festival earlier. But Burus still made some good Chinese classmates through food and cultural 9 (event). Her best Chinese friend, Meiqi, taught her how to use chopsticks and introduced her to Tianjin’s popular street foods. Before leaving China, Burus had left behind a wish bottle 10 (hide) on campus, which was about her future desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges between Türkiye and China. 【答案】 1．its 2．who 3．to take 4．using 5．an 6．immediately 7．with 8．had returned 9．events 10．hidden 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了土耳其学生努尔塞纳・布鲁什因中国文化和美食的吸引来到中国学习，在体验春节氛围和校园生活后，她希望成为中土文化交流的桥梁。 1．考查代词。句意：来自土耳其历史名城马尼萨的努尔塞纳・布鲁什，得益于中国文化中的美食以及她在中国的旅行，对中国文化产生了浓厚兴趣。空处作定语修饰名词cuisine，应用形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填its。 2．考查定语从句。句意：她的姐姐曾在中国厦门大学学习人工智能，正是姐姐激励她迈出这一步，前来探索中国。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Her sister，指人，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who来引导。故填who。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我的家人和朋友都认为学习和使用中文太难了，但姐姐给我看了她在中国生活的照片——包括她的朋友、参与的节日和品尝的美食。句子谓语为inspired，空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，inspire sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“激励某人做某事”，因此应用动词不定式形式。故填to take。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这看起来更像是一场不可思议的冒险。句子谓语为was，空处为非谓语动词作主语，and连接并列结构，learning是动名词形式，因此use也需对应变为动名词形式using，以保持结构一致。故填using。 5．考查冠词。句意：布鲁什于2024年2月抵达中国，恰逢中国新年即将到来，她立刻沉浸在了喜庆的氛围中。空后adventure是可数名词单数，且incredible以元音音素开头，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 6．考查副词。句意：无论我走到哪里，街道上都洋溢着红色——这种颜色象征着喜庆与好运。空处作状语修饰动词短语got lost，应用immediate的副词形式immediately，意为“立即地”。故填immediately。 7．考查介词。句意：在天津大学生活了一段时间后，布鲁什发现平日里热闹的校园变得几乎空无一人，因为大多数中国学生早已回家过年了。be filled with为固定搭配，表示 “充满……”，句意为 “街道上到处都是红色”，符合语境。故填with。 8．考查时态。句意：但布鲁什还是通过美食和各类文化活动，交到了一些要好的中国同学。根据语境，“中国学生早些时候回家过年”发生在“校园变得空旷” 之前，结合时间状语earlier可知，此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），return的过去分词为returned。故填had returned。 9．考查名词。句意：她最好的中国朋友美琪，教她使用筷子，并向她推荐了天津热门的街头小吃。根据空前形容词cultural可知，空处需用名词event的复数形式events，此处泛指多个活动。故填events。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：离开中国之前，布鲁什在校园里藏了一个许愿瓶，里面寄托着她未来想成为土耳其和中国文化交流桥梁的愿望。句子谓语为had left behind，空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词短语a wish bottle，动词hide与a wish bottle是被动关系，应用其过去分词形式hidden。故填hidden。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $