专题04 阅读理解之说明文（复习讲义）（河北专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦阅读理解说明文专题，覆盖细节理解、主旨、猜词、推断四大核心题型，结合近三年河北中考考情，构建“考情剖析-题型破解-解题要点-优题精选”系统架构。通过考情定位考点趋势，方法指导（如细节题“定位+同义验证”、主旨题“首尾句概括”），真题与模拟题训练，帮助学生突破解题难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 亮点在于“靶向突破”教学策略，如猜词题通过“语境信号词（that is、because）”训练，培养语言能力；推断题强调“原文依据优先”，提升思维品质。设计“典例分析+分层练习”（如10篇不同主题模拟题），配合题型速练，确保有限时间内高效复习。助力学生掌握解题逻辑，教师可依此把控节奏，提升应考能力。

专题04 阅读理解之说明文 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 （一）篇章选材特点 4 （二）篇幅与语言难度 4 （三）问题类型 5 （四）选项设计特点 5 考点二 解题要点 6 一、细节理解题：定位为王，同义验证 6 二、主旨题：抓核心，排局部 7 三、猜词题：语境为王，找提示 9 四、推断题：忠于原文，不臆断 10 04·优题精选·练能提分 13 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 阅读理解 （说明文） ☑选择题 □非选择题 D篇“牡蛎养殖与海水净化”（事物说明文） D篇“青少年金钱管理”（事理说明文） D篇“如何取得进步”（事理说明文） 考情分析 近三年河北省中考英语阅读理解中的说明文，始终围绕中考英语 “立德树人” 的命题核心，题材聚焦人与自然的和谐共生、人与社会的协作发展两大主题，且紧密结合学生生活经验与社会热点。 从题材趋势看，2023年侧重“个人成长”的事理说明，2024-2025年则转向“社会热点（金钱管理、绿色科技）+环保实践”的事物说明，题材更具现实性、地域性与时代性，且越来越强调“学生可参与的社会/环保行动”，降低理解门槛。 近三年说明文篇章词数严格遵循河北省中考英语“阅读量适中，确保学生在规定时间内完成”的命题原则，词数集中在250-350 词之间，无超纲词汇（超纲词多以语境提示或常识可推断形式出现）。 问题类型以细节理解题和主旨大意题为主，兼顾猜词与推断，题型相对固定。 命题预测 （一）题材 核心主题不变：仍以“人与自然（环保）、人与社会（生活技能/社会热点）” 为主，避免偏、难、怪题材； 地域特色可能会加强：可能围绕 “河北本地环保实践” 命题（如 “白洋淀生态治理”“塞罕坝植树造林”“河北新能源项目” 等），呼应 2025 年 “雄安太阳能” 的地域性倾向，引导学生关注家乡发展； 实践导向凸显：将继续以 “青少年可参与的行动” 为切入点（如 2024 年 “金钱管理”、2025 年 “牡蛎养殖”），可能涉及 “校园垃圾分类”“青少年植树活动”“旧物改造环保” 等题材，强调 “理念与实践” 的结合。 （二）篇幅与语言 词数：仍控制在 250-350 词，避免过长或过短，确保阅读节奏适中； 词汇：基础词汇占比 85% 以上，超纲词（如环保类 “recycle”“eco-friendly”、科技类 “renewable energy”）将通过 “举例、解释、同义替换” 提供语境提示，不考查纯生词记忆； 句式：简单句与复杂句比例约为 7:3，复杂句以 “状语从句（if/though/while）”“定语从句（which/that）” 为主，避免超纲语法（如虚拟语气、倒装句），确保学生聚焦 “信息提取” 而非 “语法分析”。 （三）问题类型 基础题（细节理解）：占比仍将达 50%-60%，题干关键词与原文匹配度高，需重点训练 “题干定位 + 原文找答案” 的能力； 中档题（主旨题）：段落主旨题侧重 “段首句概括”，篇章主旨题侧重 “首尾段 + 每段首句梳理”，干扰项仍为 “以偏概全” 或 “脱离主题”，需训练 “排除法”； 提升题（猜词 + 推断）：猜词题仍以 “上下文解释” 为核心，推断题将聚焦 “作者态度”“段落作用”“合理结论”，避免 “过度推断”，需训练 “原文依据优先” 的思维。 考点一 题型破解 （一）篇章选材特点 主题聚焦：覆盖 “成长、科技、环保、文化” 四大核心领域 主题类别 2023~2025真题 2025模拟题 核心考查目标 人与自我 （成长/生活技能） 2023年D篇 “如何取得进步”、2024 年D篇 “青少年金钱管理” 邯郸二模 “写日记的心理疗愈作用”、石家庄二模 “身体自信培养”、唐山三模 “停止与他人比较” 引导学生关注自我认知、情绪管理、生活能力 人与社会 （科技/服务） 2024年任务型阅读 “仿生学应用”、2025 年C篇 “雄安太阳能项目” 石家庄三模 “自动驾驶技术”、保定三模 “AI 疗愈（DeepSeek）”、邢台三模 “活体机器人 xenobot” 传递科技前沿，链接现实社会应用 人与自然 （环保/生态） 2025年D篇 “牡蛎养殖与海水净化”、2024 年B篇 “滹沱河修复” 邯郸三模 “动物方向感与人类活动影响”、唐山二模 “自然与时间感知” 强化环保意识，体现 “双碳” 时代导向 文化传承 （本土/传统） 2025年A篇“古诗英译” 石家庄三模 “阿勒泰滑雪历史（中国滑雪起源）”、邯郸二模 “河北净菜（京津冀农产品供应）” 渗透文化自信，突出河北地域特色 （二）篇幅与语言难度 1. 无论是真题还是模拟题，说明文篇幅均严格控制在250-350 词，确保学生能在 8-10 分钟内完成阅读与答题。 2. 基础词汇为主，复杂句占比 30%，超纲词有语境提示。 3. 句式以简单句（主谓宾/主系表）和复合句并重，复合句以状语从句（if/though/while）、定语从句（which/that） 为主。 4. 阅读覆盖 “学习理解→应用实践→迁移创新” 三层次，9年级侧重分析语篇结构、判断观点、探究现实意义，新增 “跨学科融合理解” 要求。 5. 思维能力贯穿 “理解→分析→推断→批判→创新”，强调区分事实与观点、建立语篇与现实的关联，强化 “迁移应用” 思维。 6. 语篇要求接触真实、完整的多模态语篇，包括短文、图表、新媒体信息、跨学科材料等，题材贴近河北本地生活与时代热点。 （三）问题类型 中考说明文阅读理解的问题类型严格对应 “信息提取→逻辑分析→深度应用” 的思维层次，其中细节理解题占比最高，主旨题、猜词题、推断题依次递减，这也与各地市模拟题的命题比例相符合： 1. 细节理解题—— 考查 “信息定位与匹配” 题干多含 “what/who/where/when/how/many” 等疑问词，答案多为原文原句或同义转述，解题关键是 “题干关键词定位法”： 2. 主旨大意题—— 考查 “篇章/段落概括” 分为 “段落主旨”（如 “What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?”）和 “篇章主旨”（如 “最佳标题”），解题核心是 “抓首尾句 + 逻辑词（first/also/however）”： 3. 词义猜词题和信息推断题—— 考查 “语境分析与逻辑推理” 猜词题（5%-10%）：考查 “通过上下文推断生词含义”，生词多为名词 / 动词，上下文多有 “解释、举例、因果、对比” 提示： （四）选项设计特点 中考说明文选项设计高度规范，正确选项与干扰项的区分度清晰，符合 “考查思维能力，而非记忆能力” 的命题导向： 1. 正确选项的三大特征 ①同义转述：避免与原文完全一致的表述，多通过 “词性转换、句子改写” 呈现： 原文（2024 年 D 篇）：“our parents work hard to make money”→ 选项 “A. Parents’ hard work”（名词短语替代动宾结构）； 原文（模拟题 “动物方向感”）：“count their steps to avoid getting lost”→ 选项 “B. By counting their steps”（介词短语替代不定式结构）。 ②合理概括：主旨题 / 推断题的正确选项需 “覆盖全文 / 段落核心，不遗漏关键信息”： 如 2025 模拟题 “写日记” 的主旨选项 “C. Keeping a diary is helpful in many ways”，涵盖 “心理、身体、自我认知” 多个益处，而非单一功能。 ③逻辑匹配：推断题的正确选项需 “符合原文逻辑（因果、对比、转折）”，而非脱离文本的 “常识判断”： 如 2025 真题 “雄安太阳能” 推断 “项目优势”，原文 “reduce greenhouse gases + lower electricity costs”→ 选项 “B. It’s good for both environment and economy”，逻辑完全匹配。 2. 干扰项的六大典型陷阱 选项干扰类型 例题 无中生有 原文（牙齿保护）未提 “热水护齿”→ 选项 D “Hot water” 偷换概念 原文（AI DeepSeek）“not always trust”→ 选项 A “Believe in it completely”（将 “不完全信任” 改为 “完全信任”） 答非所问 题干问 “AI 的学习方式”→ 选项 D “By drawing pictures”（原文提 AI 能画画，但非 “学习方式”） 因果混乱 原文（滹沱河修复）“政府清理→河水变清”→ 选项 B“河水变清→政府清理”（颠倒因果） 以偏概全 原文（极简主义）“过度极简不好”→ 选项 A “Why Minimalism Is Bad for Everyone”（将 “过度” 扩大为 “所有情况”） 绝对化错误 原文（自动驾驶）“could reduce accidents by 90%”→ 选项 C “will eliminate all accidents”（将 “减少” 改为 “消除”，绝对化） 考点二 解题要点 一、细节理解题：定位为王，同义验证 考查重点：快速定位原文关键信息（时间、地点、人物、数字、事实），验证选项与原文的一致性，不涉及推理。题干多含 “what/who/where/when/how/many” 等疑问词。 正确选项： ① 原文原句直接对应（简单细节）； ② 同义转述（词性转换、句式改写、关键词替换，如 “help clean teeth”→“can help clean our teeth”）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 无中生有（选项内容原文未提及，如原文讲 “蔬菜护齿”，选项提 “热水护齿”）； ② 偷换概念（替换关键词，如 “every 3 months”→“every 6 months”）； ③ 答非所问（选项符合原文，但与题干问题无关）； ④ 绝对化错误（含 “must/never/surely” 等词，原文无绝对表述）。 解题要点： 1.圈画题干关键词：优先抓 “专有名词（人名、地名）、数字、核心动词/名词”。 2.原文定位：根据关键词快速找到对应段落/句子，不用通读全文。 3.选项验证：对比选项与原文，优先选 “同义转述” 或 “原句对应” 项，直接排除干扰项。 【典例分析】（2025・河北邯郸・二模） 片段：Teeth are very important for our health. They will be our lifelong friends. So we should learn to protect them at a very young age. Here are some tips. First, we should eat right. ・Don’t eat too much candy or drink too much cola, or our teeth will go bad easily. ・Have more cheese, milk and yogurt to make teeth strong. ・Eat more vegetables and fruits to help clean teeth. Second, we should keep these numbers in mind. ・2/Day Brush your teeth at least twice a day: in the morning and before bedtime. ・2-3 Minutes Brush for at least two or three minutes every time. ・3 Months Get a new toothbrush every three months. ・6 Months Go to the dentist every six months for a check-up (检查). 问题：How often should we go to the dentist? A．Every year. B．Every day. C．Every six months. D．Every three months. 二、主旨题：抓核心，排局部 （一）题型核心特征 考查重点：概括段落或篇章的核心思想，区分 “主要内容” 与 “次要细节”，不纠结局部信息。 细分：段落主旨（如 “What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?”）、篇章主旨（如 “最佳标题”）。 （二）选项设计特点 正确选项： ① 覆盖全文/段落核心（不遗漏关键主题）； ② 语言简洁，不包含具体细节（如篇章主旨题选项不会提 “某一个例子”）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 以偏概全（仅概括某一段/某一个细节，如全文讲 “多种动物的方向感”，选项只讲 “鱼的磁场感知”）； ② 偏离主题（选项内容与原文核心无关，如原文讲 “极简主义”，选项讲 “如何扔东西”）； ③ 过度拔高（将具体主题上升到无关的抽象概念）。 （三）解题要点 篇章主旨：优先读 “首段+尾段”，首段常引出主题，尾段常总结核心；若首段是例子/提问，重点看第二段首句。 段落主旨：优先读 “段首句+段尾句”，段首句多为中心句，段尾句多为总结句。 排除法：直接排除含 “具体数字、具体例子、具体动作” 的选项（这些是细节，不是主旨）。 【典例分析】（2025・河北石家庄・三模） 片段：Ancient Chinese poetry can be said to be a shining treasure of Chinese culture, focusing on thousands of years of Chinese history and culture. From primary school to university, nearly every Chinese textbook includes ancient poetry—sometimes even English translations. So, have you ever read English versions (版本) of these classical poems? Today, I’d like to share one translated ancient poem with you. Let’s appreciate and pass on these timeless classics together! Home-Coming I left home young and not till old do I come back. Unchanged my accent, my hair no longer black. The children whom I meet do not know who I am, “Where do you come from, sir?” they ask with beaming eye. 问题：What is the proper title of the passage? A．Foreign Languages and Poetry B．Ancient Chinese Poetry: Treasure and Transmission C．How to Translate Ancient Chinese Poems D．A Famous Poem Home-Coming 三、猜词题：语境为王，找提示 （一）题型核心特征 考查重点：通过上下文（解释、举例、因果、对比、同义 / 反义）推断生词含义，不考查纯词汇记忆。 生词类型：名词、动词、形容词（多为语境可推断的常用词，非专业术语）。 （二）选项设计特点 正确选项： ① 符合上下文逻辑（如因果关系中，生词含义与原因 / 结果匹配）； ② 与原文提示信息一致（如举例后，生词含义涵盖例子）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 字面意思（仅看单词表面含义，忽略语境，如 “setbacks” 字面是 “后退”，语境中是 “困难”）； ② 无关含义（选项与上下文无逻辑关联）； ③ 近形词干扰（与生词拼写相似，但含义无关）。 （三）解题要点 1.定位生词所在句及前后句：上下文一定有提示，重点找 “信号词”： 解释类：that is、in other words、like（例如）、mean（意味着）； 因果类：because、so、as a result； 对比类：but、however、while（然而）； 同义类：and、also、too。 2.代入验证：将选项代入生词位置，看是否符合上下文逻辑。 【典例分析】（2025・河北保定・三模） 片段：When the teacher asks if anyone can speak in front of the class, you lower your head. When you go to the restroom or dining hall, you always try to find someone to go with you because you are afraid of being seen alone. Is that you? Well, many people have these kinds of experiences. They are feeling social anxiety (社交恐惧). People with social anxiety may easily communicate with intimate ones, like their family members and old friends. But meeting new friends and talking in public can make them very shy and nervous. 问题：What does the underlined word “intimate” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Close. B．Quiet. C．Polite. D．Humorous. 四、推断题：忠于原文，不臆断 （一）题型核心特征 考查重点：基于原文信息进行 “合理推理”，结论需有原文依据，不脱离文本主观猜测。 题干标志：含 “probably、infer、agree with、suggest” 等词。 （二）选项设计特点 正确选项： ① 是原文信息的 “合理延伸”（如原文 “AI 有局限，人类连接不可替代”→ 推断 “AI 适合基础支持，不适合严重情况”）； ② 语气委婉（含 “may、might、could” 等词，无绝对化表述）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 过度推断（原文未提的结论，如原文 “AI 能辅助学习”→ 选项 “AI 将取代老师”）；② 主观臆断（按常识推断，但与原文信息矛盾）； ③ 原文原句（不是推断，是细节复述，直接排除）。 （三）解题要点 1.找原文依据：推断题的答案必须能在原文中找到支撑（如关键词、逻辑关系），无依据的选项直接排除。 2.区分 “事实” 与 “推断”：原文中直接陈述的内容是事实，需排除；基于事实推导的结论才是推断。 3.注意语气：优先选语气委婉的选项，排除含 “must、never、certainly” 等绝对化词的选项。 【典例分析】（2025・河北石家庄・三模） 片段：Because of busy lifestyles and work stress, more Chinese people are now turning to AI tools like DeepSeek to talk about their problems. They share feelings with the chatbot and receive warm advice. This practice, known as “AI therapy (疗愈),” is becoming popular online. But can robots really replace human therapists? Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental health care in 2024 did not get it because it was too expensive or there weren’t enough doctors. Daniel Lowd, a professor at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help fill this gap. “If people can find some support and ideas by talking to ChatGPT or chatbot, then I think that’s wonderful.” However, AI has its limits (限制). Human therapists (心理治疗师) understand feelings deeply through face-to-face talks and create suitable treatment plans—something robots can’t fully copy. Dr. LiuYang, notes “An AI might recognize keywords like ‘divorce’ or ‘layoff’, but it cannot find out small emotional shifts in tone or body language”. This point becomes important when dealing with a series of situations, where misunderstandings could be dangerous. ... As AI becomes part of daily life, finding a balance between its benefits and risks is important. While AI offers quick help, human connection remains irreplaceable for serious emotional needs. 问题：What can we infer from the passage? A．AI therapy will completely replace human therapists. B．AI is useful for basic support but not for serious cases. C．AI can create specialized treatment plans for people. D．Government control is unnecessary for AI apps. Passage 01 （2025·河北邯郸·二模）Be more confident. You may have heard this advice. What is confidence? It’s the belief in your own value and the courage to face challenges and turn thoughts into action. There are several factors that shape confidence, your genes (基因), how you’re treated and the choices you make. The personal choices play a major role in confidence development. Here are a few practical tips. The first tip is that small actions boost confidence. Several easy ways can give you a quick confidence lift. Picture your success before starting a difficult task. You can also listen to your favorite music. It’s so simple but really helpful! You can even take a powerful pose to encourage yourself. It will make you feel braver and more ready to take on challenges. The second tip is to believe that your ability can improve. Consider the way you think about your abilities and talents. Do you think they can be developed? These beliefs matter because they can influence how you act when facing difficulties. People who believe their abilities can improve are more successful, getting better grades and doing better in the face of challenges. The third tip is practicing failure. Everyone fails sometimes. The Wright Brothers learned from history’s failed tries at flight before designing a successful airplane. China’s first man-made satellite was launched successfully only after Qian Xuesen and his team conducted countless experiments. Those who keep trying after failure handle (应对) challenges better. They learn how to try different methods, seek advice and persevere (坚持). So, accept that you’ll make mistakes, believe in yourself, encourage yourself, and go for it. You will feel excited because whether you succeed or not, you’ll gain knowledge and courage. This is confidence. 1．Which of the following can give you a quick confidence lift? A．Listening to favorite music. B．Reading a difficult book. C．Watching a TV show. D．Doing some sports. 2．Which is not mentioned when talking about people who believe their abilities can improve? A．They are more successful. B．They get better grades. C．They do things better. D．They do things more quickly. 3．Why do people who keep trying after failure handle challenges better? A．Because they give up quickly. B．Because they learn how to try different methods, seek advice and persevere. C．Because they refuse others’ advice. D．Because they fear new challenges. 4．What does the underlined word “boost” in the passage probably mean? A．Develop. B．Lose. C．Hide. D．Doubt. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Secret of Success B．How to Build Confidence C．The Importance of Challenges D．Different Kinds of Choices Passage 02 （2025·河北石家庄·二模）Four students are talking about their communities. Lisa For those who love animals, our community has a fantastic pet club. It’s a great place to meet other pet owners, share tips, and organize fun activities for pets. The club often hosts events like dog walks and pet training, developing a sense of community among pet lovers. Tony One of the highlights (最好的部分) of our community is the music club. It’s a place where local musicians can perform and share their talents with others. People can enjoy live concerts and even take music lessons. The club also organizes events like singing competitions for kids, making it a great place for kids to show their skills and love for music. Andy One of the most popular places of our community is the swimming pool. It’s a great place to stay fit and cool during the hot summer days. Both kids and adults enjoy swimming in it, and there are often organized swimming lessons. Betty In the center of our community, there’s a big park. Kids love to play on the swings, and adults often walk their dogs or have picnics. The park is also where we hold community events like barbecues (烧烤). 1．Which is not an activity held by the pet club? A．Training pets. B．Sharing tips. C．Finding new owners for homeless cats. D．Taking dogs for a walk. 2．What do we know about the music club? A．It offers chances for local musicians to show their talents. B．It’s a great place to stay fit. C．It holds competitions for professional musicians. D．It doesn’t have live concerts. 3．Which activity can you see in Betty’s community? A． B． C． D． Passage 03 （2025·河北石家庄·二模）Most Chinese parents have great expectations (期待) of their children. When children are born, their parents have planned everything for them. It is common for parents to want their children to be successful. However, many children are unhappy. They live a planned life and are forced to fulfill the dreams. In my opinion, every coin has two sides. The expectations can encourage children to work harder for a better life. According to some studies, whether a child will be successful or not depends largely on his or her parents’ expectations. However, unrealistic (不切实际的) goals can be harmful to children. Some parents ask their children to be top students in every subject, leaving them no time to relax. Others compare their children with classmates, making them feel sad or angry. For example, forcing a child who dislikes math to attend extra (额外的) classes every day might lead to arguments and low self-confidence. To balance expectations, parents should first set goals based on children’s abilities and interests. For example, a quiet child might enjoy painting more than team sports. Next, praising effort instead of only focusing on results, such as saying “You worked hard on this project”. That helps children value progress. What’s more, weekly family talks allow kids to share worries, like friendship problems or exam stress. Finally, give children enough free time to rest and play. After all, childhood is not just about achievements but also joy and discovery. Parents’ expectations are sometimes necessary, but every child grows at their own speed. Kind support works better than strict rules. By balancing expectations with love, children can grow into confident and healthy individuals (个人). 1．What does the underlined word “fulfill” mean? A．Achieve. B．Have. C．Give up. D．Add. 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．A child’s success depends on his or her parents’ expectations. B．Parents’ expectations can make their children successful. C．There are advantages of parents’ expectations as well as disadvantages. D．Expectations can be harmful to children. 3．What might happen if parents compare their children with classmates? A．The children will learn a lot from their classmates. B．The children might feel unhappy. C．The children will make more friends. D．The children will get high scores. 4．Which suggestion is mentioned for parents? A．Reward (奖励) children with money. B．Focus only on final exam scores. C．Have weekly family discussions. D．Ban (禁止) all video games. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Get Full Marks in Exams. B．Parental Expectations: Growth Guide or Hidden Stress? C．How to Be a Perfect Parent. D．The Best Hobbies for Students. Passage 04 （2025·河北唐山·二模） On March 27th, 2025, China’s health and market agencies brought out new food safety rules. The main goal is to help people choose healthier and safer foods. One big change is that words like “no added” or “zero added” will disappear from food package labels (标识). Companies used these words to sell their products, but they could trick consumers (消费者). For example, a “no added sugar” juice might still have a lot of natural fruit sugars. This makes consumers think it has no sugar at all. Also, some products changed one sweetener for another, making buyers misunderstand. The new rules want to make labels easier to understand and more honest. Now, consumers are told to look carefully at the ingredient (成分) list instead of being fooled by nice-sounding marketing words. What’s more, common allergens (过敏原) like nuts, eggs, or milk must be clearly shown on labels, either in bold (黑体) letters or underlined. Another important change is the use of digital (数码的) labels. By just scanning the QR code (二维码) on the package, consumers can get a lot of information. They can find out where the ingredients come from, how to store the food, and even watch teaching videos. Food expiration (过期) dates will be made simpler, too. Instead of finding out how long a product can last from the production date, labels will now show the “use by” date directly. To stop food waste, some products may also have a “best before” date. Companies have two years to change their packaging and use up the old products. These rules not only protect consumers but also make producers focus on really improving the quality. Without doubt, they show China’s promise to be open in food production and care about public health. 1．Why will words like “no added” or “zero added” disappear from food package labels? A．These words make labels look ugly B．These words are too difficult to understand C．These words could trick consumers D．These words are not allowed in any situation 2．Which of the following is NOT allowed on food packaging labels according to the passage? A．QR codes linking to ingredient sources. B．Words like “no sugar” or “zero added”. C．Clear expiration dates labeled as “use by”. D．Allergens underlined in bold letters. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to (指代)? A．The new food safety rules. B．The digital labels with QR codes. C．The companies selling products. D．The food expiration dates. 4．What can we infer about food companies in the future? A．They must reduce the use of natural fruit sugars. B．They can’t trick customers with labels any more. C．They will no longer use any kind of sweeteners. D．They have 2 years to sell out their old products. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．New Technology in China’s Food Packaging B．Fighting Food Waste with Better Dates C．Clearer Allergen Warnings on Food Labels D．China’s New Food Labels for Safer Eating Passage 05 （2025·河北石家庄·一模）How can you remember a song from your childhood to this day? Why do your teachers use songs to teach you English? It seems there is a scientific reason for this. Researchers are now studying the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. They find that remembering words in a song is the best way to remember even the most difficult language. “Singing could be a new way of learning a foreign language. The brain likes to remember things when they are used in a catchy and meaningful way,” said Dr. Karen Ludke. The findings may help those who have difficulty learning foreign languages. On his blog, Dr. Ludke writes, “A listen-and-repeat singing method can support foreign language learning, and open the door for future research in this area.” Many language teachers know the value of using music and singing. Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington D．C． depends heavily on songs in teaching Chinese. She says, “I use music all the time to teach children Chinese. For little kids, we usually use English songs to teach them the Chinese lyrics. So it’s easy for them to start because they know the music. Not only does it work, but it is fun for the kids.” “Sometimes, I think if I were taught English that way, maybe I would speak much better English than now,” Hua Zhuying adds. Our brain likes music, especially for remembering. So, if you still have problems in learning a language, why not try singing it out? 1．According to the passage, the best way to remember a foreign language is to ________. A．read and write more B．listen to the teacher carefully C．copy the words many times D．remember words in a song 2．Dr. Ludke believes that foreign language learning can be supported by ________. A．using the listen-and-repeat singing method B．listening to all kinds of famous music C．writing songs with the language D．reading the lyrics again and again 3．From the passage, we know that Hua Zhuying ________. A．is interested in writing English songs B．teaches children English by using music C．teaches Chinese in an American school D．is a researcher in a language school 4．The passage mainly tells us that ________. A．many researchers realize the importance of language studying B．your brain remembers a language better if you sing it C．many language teachers know the value of famous music D．you will never learn a language well unless you can sing Passage 06 （2025·河北石家庄·模拟预测）English idioms (习语) are sometimes hard to understand, but they’re fun to learn. Today, we’ll talk about three popular animal idioms. The elephant in the room There’s an elephant in the room, but nobody seems to be talking about it. It feels strange, doesn’t it? Its first recorded use was in a short story in 1814. In the story. a man visits a museum and notices all kinds of small and unimportant things, but fails to see a huge elephant in the room. Now the expression is used to mean a huge problem that everyone avoids talking about. Get someone’s goat When you get a goat owned by somebody else, of course, that person would get angry. This expression actually comes from horse-racing where goats are used to have a calming (镇静的) effect on horses. To calm down an easily upset horse, its owner would put a goat in the stall (马厩) the night before the race. However, some competitors would steal the goat to upset the horse and make it lose the race! Have (or get) one’s ducks in a row The expression came from the world of nature, Mother ducks often get their young to line up in a straight one before traveling over land or water, as long as this line is kept, any baby duck that falls behind would be easy to be noticed. So, if you “have your ducks in a row”, it means that you are organized and have everything in order.     1．What does “the elephant in the room” refer to? A．A big problem. B．An important person. C．An expensive thing. D．An unimportant thing. 2．Why do the competitors steal the goat? A．To stop the goat from the racing. B．To make the horse calm down. C．To make the horse lose the race. D．To make the goat’s owner angry 3．What might you be asked to do before learning for travel? A．Get someone’s goat. B．Hold my horses. C．Have my ducks in a row. D．Feed the duck in my room. 4．In what kind of website can you probably find more about such knowledge? A．Modern technology. B．Animal science. C．Human environment. D．English culture Passage 07 （2025·河北石家庄·一模）Ne Zha 2’s Great Success More and more Chinese like going to the movies during the Spring Festival. During the 2025 Spring Festival, Ne Zha 2 became a big hit in Chinese cinemas. By February 3rd, its box office had got over 4 billion yuan. It became a famous film all over the world. Because so many people wanted to watch Ne Zha 2, cinemas even opened 1,000-seat halls. Tickets sold out quickly both online and at the ticket offices. Many things about the film became popular. Products with characters like Shen Gongbao and Shiji Niangniang sold out quickly. Limited-edition (限量版) blind boxes were sold out in a few hours. This showed how much fans loved the film. Ne Zha 2 comes from old Chinese stories. However, it tells these stories in a new way. Ne Zha and Ao Bing were enemies before, but now they are friends. The film’s main idea makes young people think about their own lives. The film has many great special effects (特效). It shows that Chinese cartoons can be as good as the best in the world. Ne Zha 2 also helps young people love Chinese old culture and new ideas. 1．What did cinemas do to let more people watch Ne Zha 2? A．They reduced ticket prices. B．They opened larger halls. C．They increased online ticket sales. D．They sell products with characters. 2．Which of the following does the writer probably agree with? A．Ne Zha 2 is only famous in China. B．Ne Zha 2 tells Chinese stories in an old way. C．Ne Zha 2 helps young people love Chinese culture. D．Chinese cartoons can’t be as good as the best in the world. 3．In which part of a newspaper can you read the text? A．Health. B．Science. C．Medicine. D．Culture. Passage 08 （2025·河北承德·模拟预测）In China, it’s common to see people on the streets using their fans to beat the heat in summer. However, the traditional Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down, but a symbol of traditional Chinese culture. The history of Chinese fans goes back to the Shang Dynasty (about 1600 B．C．—1046 B．C．). One of the earliest fans was known as Shanhan. It was a bit like today’s umbrella. It was tied to a carriage (马车) to keep people away from the strong sunshine and rainfall. Later, Shanhan developed into a long-handled fan called Zhangshan (障扇). In fact, the fan was not used to help people cool down until the Zhou Dynasty. At that time, fans were usually made of birds’ feathers and mainly used by the emperors. Later, bamboo fans and cattail-leaf fans (蒲扇) were invented during the Han Dynasty. Both were most popular among the common people during the Song Dynasty. Years later, the folding fan was introduced. As this kind of fan could be easily folded and carried, it soon became popular. However, the most notable feature of a folding fan was the pictures on it. If a famous person painted the fan, it could cost a lot of money. For example, a folding fan painted by Zhang Daqian was sold for $252,000. Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong were also well-known. Throughout history, Chinese fans have stood the test of time. Today, there are more than 500 kinds of fans in China, attracting a great number of fan lovers both at home and abroad. However, it’s difficult to pass down our traditional skills of making fans among young people now for many reasons. Luckily, Tag Design made a meaningful try. It developed an app “Folding Fan” which introduces the skills for making traditional folding fans. With the help of technology, these fan-making skills are surely able to stay alive forever. 1．What was the earliest fan in the Shang Dynasty used for? A．Decorating carriages. B．Cooling people in hot weather. C．Protecting people from the sun and rain. D．Helping people rest. 2．Who might be the users of feather fans in the Zhou Dynasty? A．Powerful people. B．Ordinary people. C．Talented people. D．Young people. 3．What did Tag Design try to do to protect traditional fan-making skills? A．It sold expensive folding fans online. B．It developed an app to introduce the skills. C．It helped young people through online classes. D．It told people the history of fans. 4．What is the primary purpose of this passage? A．To compare ancient fans with modern ones. B．To explain how to make traditional Chinese fans. C．To describe the history and cultural value of Chinese fans. D．To introduce Chinese traditional culture. Passage 09 （2025·河北廊坊·二模）I never used to care about animals or the environment. But when I knew some animals were in danger, I changed my mind. I decided to look after them and protect them. I always enjoy watching the sea, so I joined an organization to protect loggerhead turtles (红海龟) last summer. I learned a lot about loggerhead turtles there. They are disappearing because people have built houses near the sandy beaches where loggerhead turtles lay their eggs. Also, baby loggerhead turtles sometimes need the moonlight to find the sea. But if there is a town near the beach, the baby loggerhead turtles will be misled (误导) by the lights and they may never reach the sea. In this case, they may die. Besides, loggerhead turtles may eat plastic rubbish from the town, which is harmful to their health. They need clean beaches to live safely. I had an interesting job. Every day, I searched for loggerhead turtle nests and counted the eggs in them. Then I put cages around the nests. At night, I checked the beach to make sure that no animals were trying to eat the eggs. I also cleaned the beach and helped baby loggerhead turtles return to the sea. It was great fun. Animals are our good friends, so we have the responsibility to protect them. A world without animals would be a “grey” world. Humans and animals should live together in harmony (和谐). 1．When did the writer join the organization? A．Last winter. B．Last spring. C．Last summer. D．Last autumn. 2．What is introduced in Paragraph 2 about loggerhead turtles? A．The reason for the disappearance of loggerhead turtles. B．The way of cleaning the beaches. C．The result of protecting baby loggerhead turtles. D．The location of loggerhead turtles’ home. 3．What did the writer put around the nests? A．Loggerhead turtles’ eggs. B．Cages. C．Baby loggerhead turtles. D．Food. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the relationship between humans and animals. B．To warn people not to swim in the sea. C．To call on more and more people to protect animals. D．To encourage people to join an organization actively. Passage 10 （2025·河北唐山·三模）Have you heard of China’s Tiangong space station? It was completed on November 5, 2022. It can hold up to six astronauts. As a national space laboratory, it has advanced systems designed to help astronauts live and work in space. How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station? Come along and find out! For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports can help astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is a bike to keep fit, a running machine and other fitness equipment in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise. Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station? How do they keep themselves clean? Don’t worry! Tiangong has a special bathroom. Astronauts can wipe themselves clean with a wet towel (毛巾). What do astronauts eat in the space station? There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. There is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool in it. What if astronauts miss their family? There is special communication equipment in the space station. Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their family. Usually, the astronauts wear earphones. It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position. What do you think of the lives of the astronauts? 1．What is Tiangong? A．It’s a national space laboratory which can hold up to 3 astronauts. B．It’s an advanced system which can help astronauts live and work in space. C．It’s China’s space station where astronauts live and work. D．It’s a Chinese school where students learn to be astronauts. 2．What is fitness equipment most probably used for? A．For exercising. B．For keeping food. C．For communicating. D．For keeping clean. 3．Why can’t astronauts take showers like we do on the earth? A．Because there is no bathroom in space. B．Because water is valuable in space. C．Because the environment is very different in space. D．Because it’s difficult to keep themselves clean in space. 4．What do we know about the lives of the astronauts? A．They can live in the same way as they live on the earth. B．They don’t need fridges to keep food cool. C．They can call their family in the space station. D．They needn’t do sports in the weightless environment. 1/18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 （一）篇章选材特点 4 （二）篇幅与语言难度 4 （三）问题类型 5 （四）选项设计特点 5 考点二 解题要点 6 一、细节理解题：定位为王，同义验证 6 二、主旨题：抓核心，排局部 7 三、猜词题：语境为王，找提示 9 四、推断题：忠于原文，不臆断 10 04·优题精选·练能提分 13 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 阅读理解 （说明文） ☑选择题 □非选择题 D篇“牡蛎养殖与海水净化”（事物说明文） D篇“青少年金钱管理”（事理说明文） D篇“如何取得进步”（事理说明文） 考情分析 近三年河北省中考英语阅读理解中的说明文，始终围绕中考英语 “立德树人” 的命题核心，题材聚焦人与自然的和谐共生、人与社会的协作发展两大主题，且紧密结合学生生活经验与社会热点。 从题材趋势看，2023年侧重“个人成长”的事理说明，2024-2025年则转向“社会热点（金钱管理、绿色科技）+环保实践”的事物说明，题材更具现实性、地域性与时代性，且越来越强调“学生可参与的社会/环保行动”，降低理解门槛。 近三年说明文篇章词数严格遵循河北省中考英语“阅读量适中，确保学生在规定时间内完成”的命题原则，词数集中在250-350 词之间，无超纲词汇（超纲词多以语境提示或常识可推断形式出现）。 问题类型以细节理解题和主旨大意题为主，兼顾猜词与推断，题型相对固定。 命题预测 （一）题材 核心主题不变：仍以“人与自然（环保）、人与社会（生活技能/社会热点）” 为主，避免偏、难、怪题材； 地域特色可能会加强：可能围绕 “河北本地环保实践” 命题（如 “白洋淀生态治理”“塞罕坝植树造林”“河北新能源项目” 等），呼应 2025 年 “雄安太阳能” 的地域性倾向，引导学生关注家乡发展； 实践导向凸显：将继续以 “青少年可参与的行动” 为切入点（如 2024 年 “金钱管理”、2025 年 “牡蛎养殖”），可能涉及 “校园垃圾分类”“青少年植树活动”“旧物改造环保” 等题材，强调 “理念与实践” 的结合。 （二）篇幅与语言 词数：仍控制在 250-350 词，避免过长或过短，确保阅读节奏适中； 词汇：基础词汇占比 85% 以上，超纲词（如环保类 “recycle”“eco-friendly”、科技类 “renewable energy”）将通过 “举例、解释、同义替换” 提供语境提示，不考查纯生词记忆； 句式：简单句与复杂句比例约为 7:3，复杂句以 “状语从句（if/though/while）”“定语从句（which/that）” 为主，避免超纲语法（如虚拟语气、倒装句），确保学生聚焦 “信息提取” 而非 “语法分析”。 （三）问题类型 基础题（细节理解）：占比仍将达 50%-60%，题干关键词与原文匹配度高，需重点训练 “题干定位 + 原文找答案” 的能力； 中档题（主旨题）：段落主旨题侧重 “段首句概括”，篇章主旨题侧重 “首尾段 + 每段首句梳理”，干扰项仍为 “以偏概全” 或 “脱离主题”，需训练 “排除法”； 提升题（猜词 + 推断）：猜词题仍以 “上下文解释” 为核心，推断题将聚焦 “作者态度”“段落作用”“合理结论”，避免 “过度推断”，需训练 “原文依据优先” 的思维。 考点一 题型破解 （一）篇章选材特点 主题聚焦：覆盖 “成长、科技、环保、文化” 四大核心领域 主题类别 2023~2025真题 2025模拟题 核心考查目标 人与自我 （成长/生活技能） 2023年D篇 “如何取得进步”、2024 年D篇 “青少年金钱管理” 邯郸二模 “写日记的心理疗愈作用”、石家庄二模 “身体自信培养”、唐山三模 “停止与他人比较” 引导学生关注自我认知、情绪管理、生活能力 人与社会 （科技/服务） 2024年任务型阅读 “仿生学应用”、2025 年C篇 “雄安太阳能项目” 石家庄三模 “自动驾驶技术”、保定三模 “AI 疗愈（DeepSeek）”、邢台三模 “活体机器人 xenobot” 传递科技前沿，链接现实社会应用 人与自然 （环保/生态） 2025年D篇 “牡蛎养殖与海水净化”、2024 年B篇 “滹沱河修复” 邯郸三模 “动物方向感与人类活动影响”、唐山二模 “自然与时间感知” 强化环保意识，体现 “双碳” 时代导向 文化传承 （本土/传统） 2025年A篇“古诗英译” 石家庄三模 “阿勒泰滑雪历史（中国滑雪起源）”、邯郸二模 “河北净菜（京津冀农产品供应）” 渗透文化自信，突出河北地域特色 （二）篇幅与语言难度 1. 无论是真题还是模拟题，说明文篇幅均严格控制在250-350 词，确保学生能在 8-10 分钟内完成阅读与答题。 2. 基础词汇为主，复杂句占比 30%，超纲词有语境提示。 3. 句式以简单句（主谓宾/主系表）和复合句并重，复合句以状语从句（if/though/while）、定语从句（which/that） 为主。 4. 阅读覆盖 “学习理解→应用实践→迁移创新” 三层次，9年级侧重分析语篇结构、判断观点、探究现实意义，新增 “跨学科融合理解” 要求。 5. 思维能力贯穿 “理解→分析→推断→批判→创新”，强调区分事实与观点、建立语篇与现实的关联，强化 “迁移应用” 思维。 6. 语篇要求接触真实、完整的多模态语篇，包括短文、图表、新媒体信息、跨学科材料等，题材贴近河北本地生活与时代热点。 （三）问题类型 中考说明文阅读理解的问题类型严格对应 “信息提取→逻辑分析→深度应用” 的思维层次，其中细节理解题占比最高，主旨题、猜词题、推断题依次递减，这也与各地市模拟题的命题比例相符合： 1. 细节理解题—— 考查 “信息定位与匹配” 题干多含 “what/who/where/when/how/many” 等疑问词，答案多为原文原句或同义转述，解题关键是 “题干关键词定位法”： 2. 主旨大意题—— 考查 “篇章/段落概括” 分为 “段落主旨”（如 “What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?”）和 “篇章主旨”（如 “最佳标题”），解题核心是 “抓首尾句 + 逻辑词（first/also/however）”： 3. 词义猜词题和信息推断题—— 考查 “语境分析与逻辑推理” 猜词题（5%-10%）：考查 “通过上下文推断生词含义”，生词多为名词 / 动词，上下文多有 “解释、举例、因果、对比” 提示： （四）选项设计特点 中考说明文选项设计高度规范，正确选项与干扰项的区分度清晰，符合 “考查思维能力，而非记忆能力” 的命题导向： 1. 正确选项的三大特征 ①同义转述：避免与原文完全一致的表述，多通过 “词性转换、句子改写” 呈现： 原文（2024 年 D 篇）：“our parents work hard to make money”→ 选项 “A. Parents’ hard work”（名词短语替代动宾结构）； 原文（模拟题 “动物方向感”）：“count their steps to avoid getting lost”→ 选项 “B. By counting their steps”（介词短语替代不定式结构）。 ②合理概括：主旨题 / 推断题的正确选项需 “覆盖全文 / 段落核心，不遗漏关键信息”： 如 2025 模拟题 “写日记” 的主旨选项 “C. Keeping a diary is helpful in many ways”，涵盖 “心理、身体、自我认知” 多个益处，而非单一功能。 ③逻辑匹配：推断题的正确选项需 “符合原文逻辑（因果、对比、转折）”，而非脱离文本的 “常识判断”： 如 2025 真题 “雄安太阳能” 推断 “项目优势”，原文 “reduce greenhouse gases + lower electricity costs”→ 选项 “B. It’s good for both environment and economy”，逻辑完全匹配。 2. 干扰项的六大典型陷阱 选项干扰类型 例题 无中生有 原文（牙齿保护）未提 “热水护齿”→ 选项 D “Hot water” 偷换概念 原文（AI DeepSeek）“not always trust”→ 选项 A “Believe in it completely”（将 “不完全信任” 改为 “完全信任”） 答非所问 题干问 “AI 的学习方式”→ 选项 D “By drawing pictures”（原文提 AI 能画画，但非 “学习方式”） 因果混乱 原文（滹沱河修复）“政府清理→河水变清”→ 选项 B“河水变清→政府清理”（颠倒因果） 以偏概全 原文（极简主义）“过度极简不好”→ 选项 A “Why Minimalism Is Bad for Everyone”（将 “过度” 扩大为 “所有情况”） 绝对化错误 原文（自动驾驶）“could reduce accidents by 90%”→ 选项 C “will eliminate all accidents”（将 “减少” 改为 “消除”，绝对化） 考点二 解题要点 一、细节理解题：定位为王，同义验证 考查重点：快速定位原文关键信息（时间、地点、人物、数字、事实），验证选项与原文的一致性，不涉及推理。题干多含 “what/who/where/when/how/many” 等疑问词。 正确选项： ① 原文原句直接对应（简单细节）； ② 同义转述（词性转换、句式改写、关键词替换，如 “help clean teeth”→“can help clean our teeth”）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 无中生有（选项内容原文未提及，如原文讲 “蔬菜护齿”，选项提 “热水护齿”）； ② 偷换概念（替换关键词，如 “every 3 months”→“every 6 months”）； ③ 答非所问（选项符合原文，但与题干问题无关）； ④ 绝对化错误（含 “must/never/surely” 等词，原文无绝对表述）。 解题要点： 1.圈画题干关键词：优先抓 “专有名词（人名、地名）、数字、核心动词/名词”。 2.原文定位：根据关键词快速找到对应段落/句子，不用通读全文。 3.选项验证：对比选项与原文，优先选 “同义转述” 或 “原句对应” 项，直接排除干扰项。 【典例分析】（2025・河北邯郸・二模） 片段：Teeth are very important for our health. They will be our lifelong friends. So we should learn to protect them at a very young age. Here are some tips. First, we should eat right. ・Don’t eat too much candy or drink too much cola, or our teeth will go bad easily. ・Have more cheese, milk and yogurt to make teeth strong. ・Eat more vegetables and fruits to help clean teeth. Second, we should keep these numbers in mind. ・2/Day Brush your teeth at least twice a day: in the morning and before bedtime. ・2-3 Minutes Brush for at least two or three minutes every time. ・3 Months Get a new toothbrush every three months. ・6 Months Go to the dentist every six months for a check-up (检查). 问题：How often should we go to the dentist? A．Every year. B．Every day. C．Every six months. D．Every three months. 解题步骤： 1.圈画题干关键词：“go to the dentist”“how often”（提问频率）。 2.原文定位：快速扫描片段，找到与 “go to the dentist” 相关的句子 ——“6 Months Go to the dentist every six months for a check-up.”。 选项验证： 1.选项 C “Every six months” 与原文 “every six months” 完全对应，为正确答案。 2.干扰项 A（每年）、B（每天）原文未提及（无中生有）；干扰项 D（每三个月）是 “更换牙刷” 的频率（偷换概念），均排除。 二、主旨题：抓核心，排局部 （一）题型核心特征 考查重点：概括段落或篇章的核心思想，区分 “主要内容” 与 “次要细节”，不纠结局部信息。 细分：段落主旨（如 “What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?”）、篇章主旨（如 “最佳标题”）。 （二）选项设计特点 正确选项： ① 覆盖全文/段落核心（不遗漏关键主题）； ② 语言简洁，不包含具体细节（如篇章主旨题选项不会提 “某一个例子”）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 以偏概全（仅概括某一段/某一个细节，如全文讲 “多种动物的方向感”，选项只讲 “鱼的磁场感知”）； ② 偏离主题（选项内容与原文核心无关，如原文讲 “极简主义”，选项讲 “如何扔东西”）； ③ 过度拔高（将具体主题上升到无关的抽象概念）。 （三）解题要点 篇章主旨：优先读 “首段+尾段”，首段常引出主题，尾段常总结核心；若首段是例子/提问，重点看第二段首句。 段落主旨：优先读 “段首句+段尾句”，段首句多为中心句，段尾句多为总结句。 排除法：直接排除含 “具体数字、具体例子、具体动作” 的选项（这些是细节，不是主旨）。 【典例分析】（2025・河北石家庄・三模） 片段：Ancient Chinese poetry can be said to be a shining treasure of Chinese culture, focusing on thousands of years of Chinese history and culture. From primary school to university, nearly every Chinese textbook includes ancient poetry—sometimes even English translations. So, have you ever read English versions (版本) of these classical poems? Today, I’d like to share one translated ancient poem with you. Let’s appreciate and pass on these timeless classics together! Home-Coming I left home young and not till old do I come back. Unchanged my accent, my hair no longer black. The children whom I meet do not know who I am, “Where do you come from, sir?” they ask with beaming eye. 问题：What is the proper title of the passage? A．Foreign Languages and Poetry B．Ancient Chinese Poetry: Treasure and Transmission C．How to Translate Ancient Chinese Poems D．A Famous Poem Home-Coming 解题步骤： 1. 确定题型：篇章主旨题（选标题），需覆盖全文核心。 2. 分析原文核心： 首段核心：中国古诗是中华文化瑰宝，聚焦历史文化，课本收录，呼吁欣赏和传承英译古诗。 后文：举例分享《回乡偶书》的英译版，是对首段 “传承” 的具体体现。 3. 选项分析： 正确选项 B：“Ancient Chinese Poetry: Treasure and Transmission”（中国古诗：瑰宝与传承），覆盖 “瑰宝”（首段 “shining treasure”）和 “传承”（首段 “pass on”），符合核心。 干扰项 A（外语与诗歌）：偏离主题，原文重点是 “古诗的价值与传承”，非 “外语”； 干扰项 C（如何翻译古诗）：原文未讲翻译方法（无中生有）； 干扰项 D（《回乡偶书》）：仅为举例细节（以偏概全），排除。 三、猜词题：语境为王，找提示 （一）题型核心特征 考查重点：通过上下文（解释、举例、因果、对比、同义 / 反义）推断生词含义，不考查纯词汇记忆。 生词类型：名词、动词、形容词（多为语境可推断的常用词，非专业术语）。 （二）选项设计特点 正确选项： ① 符合上下文逻辑（如因果关系中，生词含义与原因 / 结果匹配）； ② 与原文提示信息一致（如举例后，生词含义涵盖例子）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 字面意思（仅看单词表面含义，忽略语境，如 “setbacks” 字面是 “后退”，语境中是 “困难”）； ② 无关含义（选项与上下文无逻辑关联）； ③ 近形词干扰（与生词拼写相似，但含义无关）。 （三）解题要点 1.定位生词所在句及前后句：上下文一定有提示，重点找 “信号词”： 解释类：that is、in other words、like（例如）、mean（意味着）； 因果类：because、so、as a result； 对比类：but、however、while（然而）； 同义类：and、also、too。 2.代入验证：将选项代入生词位置，看是否符合上下文逻辑。 【典例分析】（2025・河北保定・三模） 片段：When the teacher asks if anyone can speak in front of the class, you lower your head. When you go to the restroom or dining hall, you always try to find someone to go with you because you are afraid of being seen alone. Is that you? Well, many people have these kinds of experiences. They are feeling social anxiety (社交恐惧). People with social anxiety may easily communicate with intimate ones, like their family members and old friends. But meeting new friends and talking in public can make them very shy and nervous. 问题：What does the underlined word “intimate” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Close. B．Quiet. C．Polite. D．Humorous. 解题步骤： 1.定位生词：“intimate” 在第二段第三句，后接信号词 “like”（举例提示）。 2.找上下文提示：“like their family members and old friends”（像家人和老朋友一样），家人和老朋友的关系是 “亲密的”。 3.选项代入验证： 选项 A “Close”（亲密的）代入，句子意为 “有社交恐惧的人容易与亲密的人沟通，比如家人和老朋友”，符合逻辑，为正确答案。 干扰项 B（安静的）、C（礼貌的）、D（幽默的）均与 “家人和老朋友” 的关系特征无关（无关含义），排除。 四、推断题：忠于原文，不臆断 （一）题型核心特征 考查重点：基于原文信息进行 “合理推理”，结论需有原文依据，不脱离文本主观猜测。 题干标志：含 “probably、infer、agree with、suggest” 等词。 （二）选项设计特点 正确选项： ① 是原文信息的 “合理延伸”（如原文 “AI 有局限，人类连接不可替代”→ 推断 “AI 适合基础支持，不适合严重情况”）； ② 语气委婉（含 “may、might、could” 等词，无绝对化表述）。 干扰项陷阱： ① 过度推断（原文未提的结论，如原文 “AI 能辅助学习”→ 选项 “AI 将取代老师”）；② 主观臆断（按常识推断，但与原文信息矛盾）； ③ 原文原句（不是推断，是细节复述，直接排除）。 （三）解题要点 1.找原文依据：推断题的答案必须能在原文中找到支撑（如关键词、逻辑关系），无依据的选项直接排除。 2.区分 “事实” 与 “推断”：原文中直接陈述的内容是事实，需排除；基于事实推导的结论才是推断。 3.注意语气：优先选语气委婉的选项，排除含 “must、never、certainly” 等绝对化词的选项。 【典例分析】（2025・河北石家庄・三模） 片段：Because of busy lifestyles and work stress, more Chinese people are now turning to AI tools like DeepSeek to talk about their problems. They share feelings with the chatbot and receive warm advice. This practice, known as “AI therapy (疗愈),” is becoming popular online. But can robots really replace human therapists? Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental health care in 2024 did not get it because it was too expensive or there weren’t enough doctors. Daniel Lowd, a professor at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help fill this gap. “If people can find some support and ideas by talking to ChatGPT or chatbot, then I think that’s wonderful.” However, AI has its limits (限制). Human therapists (心理治疗师) understand feelings deeply through face-to-face talks and create suitable treatment plans—something robots can’t fully copy. Dr. LiuYang, notes “An AI might recognize keywords like ‘divorce’ or ‘layoff’, but it cannot find out small emotional shifts in tone or body language”. This point becomes important when dealing with a series of situations, where misunderstandings could be dangerous. ... As AI becomes part of daily life, finding a balance between its benefits and risks is important. While AI offers quick help, human connection remains irreplaceable for serious emotional needs. 问题：What can we infer from the passage? A．AI therapy will completely replace human therapists. B．AI is useful for basic support but not for serious cases. C．AI can create specialized treatment plans for people. D．Government control is unnecessary for AI apps. 解题步骤： 1.定位推断依据：题干无关键词，需结合全文核心逻辑（AI 疗愈的优势与局限）。 2.分析原文关键信息： 优势：AI 能提供快速支持，填补心理健康服务缺口（第二段）； 局限：无法深度理解情绪、不能复制人类治疗师的个性化方案，严重情绪需求中人类连接不可替代（第三段、末段）。 3. 选项分析： 正确选项 B：“AI is useful for basic support but not for serious cases”（AI 适合基础支持，不适合严重情况），是原文 “快速支持” 和 “严重需求不可替代” 的合理推断，语气委婉，有依据。 干扰项 A（完全取代）：与原文 “人类连接不可替代” 矛盾（过度推断 + 绝对化）； 干扰项 C（能制定个性化方案）：与原文 “robots can’t fully copy” 矛盾（与原文相反）； 干扰项 D（无需政府监管）：原文未提政府监管，且 “unnecessary” 绝对化（无中生有 + 绝对化），排除。 Passage 01 （2025·河北邯郸·二模）Be more confident. You may have heard this advice. What is confidence? It’s the belief in your own value and the courage to face challenges and turn thoughts into action. There are several factors that shape confidence, your genes (基因), how you’re treated and the choices you make. The personal choices play a major role in confidence development. Here are a few practical tips. The first tip is that small actions boost confidence. Several easy ways can give you a quick confidence lift. Picture your success before starting a difficult task. You can also listen to your favorite music. It’s so simple but really helpful! You can even take a powerful pose to encourage yourself. It will make you feel braver and more ready to take on challenges. The second tip is to believe that your ability can improve. Consider the way you think about your abilities and talents. Do you think they can be developed? These beliefs matter because they can influence how you act when facing difficulties. People who believe their abilities can improve are more successful, getting better grades and doing better in the face of challenges. The third tip is practicing failure. Everyone fails sometimes. The Wright Brothers learned from history’s failed tries at flight before designing a successful airplane. China’s first man-made satellite was launched successfully only after Qian Xuesen and his team conducted countless experiments. Those who keep trying after failure handle (应对) challenges better. They learn how to try different methods, seek advice and persevere (坚持). So, accept that you’ll make mistakes, believe in yourself, encourage yourself, and go for it. You will feel excited because whether you succeed or not, you’ll gain knowledge and courage. This is confidence. 1．Which of the following can give you a quick confidence lift? A．Listening to favorite music. B．Reading a difficult book. C．Watching a TV show. D．Doing some sports. 2．Which is not mentioned when talking about people who believe their abilities can improve? A．They are more successful. B．They get better grades. C．They do things better. D．They do things more quickly. 3．Why do people who keep trying after failure handle challenges better? A．Because they give up quickly. B．Because they learn how to try different methods, seek advice and persevere. C．Because they refuse others’ advice. D．Because they fear new challenges. 4．What does the underlined word “boost” in the passage probably mean? A．Develop. B．Lose. C．Hide. D．Doubt. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Secret of Success B．How to Build Confidence C．The Importance of Challenges D．Different Kinds of Choices 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何建立自信，提供了几个实用的建议，包括通过小行动增强自信、相信自己的能力可以提升以及从失败中学习等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Several easy ways can give you a quick confidence lift...You can also listen to your favorite music.”可知，听喜欢的音乐可以快速提升自信。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“People who believe their abilities can improve are more successful, getting better grades and doing better in the face of challenges.”可知，相信自己的能力可以提升的人更成功，取得更好的成绩，在面对挑战时做得更好。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Those who keep trying after failure handle challenges better. They learn how to try different methods, seek advice and persevere.”可知，失败后继续尝试的人能更好地应对挑战，因为他们学会了如何尝试不同的方法、寻求建议和坚持。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Several easy ways can give you a quick confidence lift.”以及后文提到的几种提升自信的方法，可以推断出“boost”在此处的意思是“提升”或“增强”，与选项A“Develop”意思相近。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要围绕如何建立自信展开，提供了几个实用的建议，因此最佳标题应为“如何建立自信”。故选B。 Passage 02 （2025·河北石家庄·二模）Four students are talking about their communities. Lisa For those who love animals, our community has a fantastic pet club. It’s a great place to meet other pet owners, share tips, and organize fun activities for pets. The club often hosts events like dog walks and pet training, developing a sense of community among pet lovers. Tony One of the highlights (最好的部分) of our community is the music club. It’s a place where local musicians can perform and share their talents with others. People can enjoy live concerts and even take music lessons. The club also organizes events like singing competitions for kids, making it a great place for kids to show their skills and love for music. Andy One of the most popular places of our community is the swimming pool. It’s a great place to stay fit and cool during the hot summer days. Both kids and adults enjoy swimming in it, and there are often organized swimming lessons. Betty In the center of our community, there’s a big park. Kids love to play on the swings, and adults often walk their dogs or have picnics. The park is also where we hold community events like barbecues (烧烤). 1．Which is not an activity held by the pet club? A．Training pets. B．Sharing tips. C．Finding new owners for homeless cats. D．Taking dogs for a walk. 2．What do we know about the music club? A．It offers chances for local musicians to show their talents. B．It’s a great place to stay fit. C．It holds competitions for professional musicians. D．It doesn’t have live concerts. 3．Which activity can you see in Betty’s community? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】本篇文章是说明文，四位学生介绍各自社区的特色俱乐部与场所（宠物、音乐、泳池、公园）及活动。 1．细节理解题。根据表格第一部分“It’s a great place to meet other pet owners, share tips, and organize fun activities for pets. The club often hosts events like dog walks and pet training, developing a sense of community among pet lovers.”可知，宠物俱乐部活动有分享宠物小贴士，组织宠物趣味活动，举办遛狗和宠物训练等活动，未提及为无家可归的猫找到新主人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据表格第二部分“It’s a place where local musicians can perform and share their talents with others.”可知，音乐俱乐部是当地音乐家可以表演并与他人分享他们的才华的地方。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据表格最后一部分“In the center of our community, there’s a big park. Kids love to play on the swings, and adults often walk their dogs or have picnics. The park is also where we hold community events like barbecues (烧烤).”可知，在Betty社区孩子们喜欢荡秋千，成年人经常遛狗或者野餐。故选B。 Passage 03 （2025·河北石家庄·二模）Most Chinese parents have great expectations (期待) of their children. When children are born, their parents have planned everything for them. It is common for parents to want their children to be successful. However, many children are unhappy. They live a planned life and are forced to fulfill the dreams. In my opinion, every coin has two sides. The expectations can encourage children to work harder for a better life. According to some studies, whether a child will be successful or not depends largely on his or her parents’ expectations. However, unrealistic (不切实际的) goals can be harmful to children. Some parents ask their children to be top students in every subject, leaving them no time to relax. Others compare their children with classmates, making them feel sad or angry. For example, forcing a child who dislikes math to attend extra (额外的) classes every day might lead to arguments and low self-confidence. To balance expectations, parents should first set goals based on children’s abilities and interests. For example, a quiet child might enjoy painting more than team sports. Next, praising effort instead of only focusing on results, such as saying “You worked hard on this project”. That helps children value progress. What’s more, weekly family talks allow kids to share worries, like friendship problems or exam stress. Finally, give children enough free time to rest and play. After all, childhood is not just about achievements but also joy and discovery. Parents’ expectations are sometimes necessary, but every child grows at their own speed. Kind support works better than strict rules. By balancing expectations with love, children can grow into confident and healthy individuals (个人). 1．What does the underlined word “fulfill” mean? A．Achieve. B．Have. C．Give up. D．Add. 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．A child’s success depends on his or her parents’ expectations. B．Parents’ expectations can make their children successful. C．There are advantages of parents’ expectations as well as disadvantages. D．Expectations can be harmful to children. 3．What might happen if parents compare their children with classmates? A．The children will learn a lot from their classmates. B．The children might feel unhappy. C．The children will make more friends. D．The children will get high scores. 4．Which suggestion is mentioned for parents? A．Reward (奖励) children with money. B．Focus only on final exam scores. C．Have weekly family discussions. D．Ban (禁止) all video games. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Get Full Marks in Exams. B．Parental Expectations: Growth Guide or Hidden Stress? C．How to Be a Perfect Parent. D．The Best Hobbies for Students. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文探讨了中国父母对子女的高期望及其双重影响，并提出平衡期望与关爱的建议。 1．词义猜测题。 根据第一段“When children are born, their parents have planned everything for them. It is common for parents to want their children to be successful.”可知，父母为孩子计划好了一切，他们都想自己的孩子获得成功；结合下文“They live a planned life and are forced to fulfill the dreams.”可推知，此处应表示孩子们过着被父母规划好的生活，被迫实现父母的梦想，成为父母眼中的成功人士。因此，fulfill与achieve“实现”同义，指完成父母设定的目标。故选A。 2．段落大意题。根据第二段“In my opinion, every coin has two sides. The expectations can encourage children to work harder for a better life...However, unrealistic (不切实际的) goals can be harmful to children.”可知，作者认为凡事都有两面性，父母的期望可以鼓励孩子，但是不切实际的目标对孩子是有害的。因此，本段主要讲述了父母的期望有好处也有坏处。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Others compare their children with classmates, making them feel sad or angry.”可推知，如果父母拿自己的孩子和同学比较，可能会使孩子感到不高兴。故选B。 4．细节理解题。 根据第三段“weekly family talks allow kids to share worries, like friendship problems or exam stress”可知，作者建议家长每周进行家庭讨论。故选C。 5．标题归纳题。 全文围绕父母期望的双重性展开，因此，选项B“父母的期望：成长指南还是隐性压力？”是最佳标题。故选B。 Passage 04 （2025·河北唐山·二模） On March 27th, 2025, China’s health and market agencies brought out new food safety rules. The main goal is to help people choose healthier and safer foods. One big change is that words like “no added” or “zero added” will disappear from food package labels (标识). Companies used these words to sell their products, but they could trick consumers (消费者). For example, a “no added sugar” juice might still have a lot of natural fruit sugars. This makes consumers think it has no sugar at all. Also, some products changed one sweetener for another, making buyers misunderstand. The new rules want to make labels easier to understand and more honest. Now, consumers are told to look carefully at the ingredient (成分) list instead of being fooled by nice-sounding marketing words. What’s more, common allergens (过敏原) like nuts, eggs, or milk must be clearly shown on labels, either in bold (黑体) letters or underlined. Another important change is the use of digital (数码的) labels. By just scanning the QR code (二维码) on the package, consumers can get a lot of information. They can find out where the ingredients come from, how to store the food, and even watch teaching videos. Food expiration (过期) dates will be made simpler, too. Instead of finding out how long a product can last from the production date, labels will now show the “use by” date directly. To stop food waste, some products may also have a “best before” date. Companies have two years to change their packaging and use up the old products. These rules not only protect consumers but also make producers focus on really improving the quality. Without doubt, they show China’s promise to be open in food production and care about public health. 1．Why will words like “no added” or “zero added” disappear from food package labels? A．These words make labels look ugly B．These words are too difficult to understand C．These words could trick consumers D．These words are not allowed in any situation 2．Which of the following is NOT allowed on food packaging labels according to the passage? A．QR codes linking to ingredient sources. B．Words like “no sugar” or “zero added”. C．Clear expiration dates labeled as “use by”. D．Allergens underlined in bold letters. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to (指代)? A．The new food safety rules. B．The digital labels with QR codes. C．The companies selling products. D．The food expiration dates. 4．What can we infer about food companies in the future? A．They must reduce the use of natural fruit sugars. B．They can’t trick customers with labels any more. C．They will no longer use any kind of sweeteners. D．They have 2 years to sell out their old products. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．New Technology in China’s Food Packaging B．Fighting Food Waste with Better Dates C．Clearer Allergen Warnings on Food Labels D．China’s New Food Labels for Safer Eating 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国在2025年3月27日推出的新食品安全规则，这些规则旨在帮助人们选择更健康、更安全的食物，并对食品包装标签和数码标签的使用做出了新的规定。 1．细节理解题。根据“One big change is that words like ‘no added’ or ‘zero added’ will disappear from food package labels (标识). Companies used these words to sell their products, but they could trick consumers (消费者).”可知，“无添加”或“零添加”等字样将从食品包装标签上消失，因为这些字样可能会误导消费者。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“One big change is that words like ‘no added’ or ‘zero added’ will disappear from food package labels (标识).”可知，像“无糖”或“零添加”这样的字样将不允许出现在食品包装标签上。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“These rules not only protect consumers but also make producers focus on really improving the quality. Without doubt, they show China’s promise to be open in food production and care about public health.”可知，这些规则展示了中国在食品生产方面的开放态度和对公共健康的关心，所以“they”指的是前面提到的“这些规则”，即新的食品安全规则。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The new rules want to make labels easier to understand and more honest. Now, consumers are told to look carefully at the ingredient (成分) list instead of being fooled by nice-sounding marketing words.”以及“These rules not only protect consumers but also make producers focus on really improving the quality.”可以推断，未来的食品公司将不能再通过标签来欺骗顾客，因为新规则要求标签更加诚实易懂，消费者需要仔细查看成分表，而不是被好听的营销词所迷惑。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了中国推出的新食品安全规则，这些规则对食品包装标签和数码标签的使用做出了新的规定，旨在帮助人们选择更健康、更安全的食物。因此，最佳标题应该是“中国为更安全饮食推出的新食品标签”。故选D。 Passage 05 （2025·河北石家庄·一模）How can you remember a song from your childhood to this day? Why do your teachers use songs to teach you English? It seems there is a scientific reason for this. Researchers are now studying the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. They find that remembering words in a song is the best way to remember even the most difficult language. “Singing could be a new way of learning a foreign language. The brain likes to remember things when they are used in a catchy and meaningful way,” said Dr. Karen Ludke. The findings may help those who have difficulty learning foreign languages. On his blog, Dr. Ludke writes, “A listen-and-repeat singing method can support foreign language learning, and open the door for future research in this area.” Many language teachers know the value of using music and singing. Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington D．C． depends heavily on songs in teaching Chinese. She says, “I use music all the time to teach children Chinese. For little kids, we usually use English songs to teach them the Chinese lyrics. So it’s easy for them to start because they know the music. Not only does it work, but it is fun for the kids.” “Sometimes, I think if I were taught English that way, maybe I would speak much better English than now,” Hua Zhuying adds. Our brain likes music, especially for remembering. So, if you still have problems in learning a language, why not try singing it out? 1．According to the passage, the best way to remember a foreign language is to ________. A．read and write more B．listen to the teacher carefully C．copy the words many times D．remember words in a song 2．Dr. Ludke believes that foreign language learning can be supported by ________. A．using the listen-and-repeat singing method B．listening to all kinds of famous music C．writing songs with the language D．reading the lyrics again and again 3．From the passage, we know that Hua Zhuying ________. A．is interested in writing English songs B．teaches children English by using music C．teaches Chinese in an American school D．is a researcher in a language school 4．The passage mainly tells us that ________. A．many researchers realize the importance of language studying B．your brain remembers a language better if you sing it C．many language teachers know the value of famous music D．you will never learn a language well unless you can sing 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了音乐与记忆外语之间的关系，指出唱歌是记住一门外语中单词的最好方法，并建议那些学习语言有困难的人可以尝试通过唱歌来学习。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They find that remembering words in a song is the best way to remember even the most difficult language.”可知，记住一首歌里的单词是记住即使是最难的语言的最好方法。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A listen-and-repeat singing method can support foreign language learning...”可知，Ludke博士认为，通过听和重复的唱歌方法可以支持外语学习。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington D.C. depends heavily on songs in teaching Chinese.”可知，Hua Zhuying是华盛顿一所中文学校的老师，她在教学中非常依赖歌曲，即她在美国的一所学校教中文。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了音乐与记忆外语之间的关系，指出唱歌是记住一门外语中单词的最好方法，并建议那些学习语言有困难的人可以尝试通过唱歌来学习。选项B概括了文章的主旨。故选B。 Passage 06 （2025·河北石家庄·模拟预测）English idioms (习语) are sometimes hard to understand, but they’re fun to learn. Today, we’ll talk about three popular animal idioms. The elephant in the room There’s an elephant in the room, but nobody seems to be talking about it. It feels strange, doesn’t it? Its first recorded use was in a short story in 1814. In the story. a man visits a museum and notices all kinds of small and unimportant things, but fails to see a huge elephant in the room. Now the expression is used to mean a huge problem that everyone avoids talking about. Get someone’s goat When you get a goat owned by somebody else, of course, that person would get angry. This expression actually comes from horse-racing where goats are used to have a calming (镇静的) effect on horses. To calm down an easily upset horse, its owner would put a goat in the stall (马厩) the night before the race. However, some competitors would steal the goat to upset the horse and make it lose the race! Have (or get) one’s ducks in a row The expression came from the world of nature, Mother ducks often get their young to line up in a straight one before traveling over land or water, as long as this line is kept, any baby duck that falls behind would be easy to be noticed. So, if you “have your ducks in a row”, it means that you are organized and have everything in order.     1．What does “the elephant in the room” refer to? A．A big problem. B．An important person. C．An expensive thing. D．An unimportant thing. 2．Why do the competitors steal the goat? A．To stop the goat from the racing. B．To make the horse calm down. C．To make the horse lose the race. D．To make the goat’s owner angry 3．What might you be asked to do before learning for travel? A．Get someone’s goat. B．Hold my horses. C．Have my ducks in a row. D．Feed the duck in my room. 4．In what kind of website can you probably find more about such knowledge? A．Modern technology. B．Animal science. C．Human environment. D．English culture 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了三个流行的英语动物习语及其含义和来源。 1．细节理解题。根据“Now the expression is used to mean a huge problem that everyone avoids talking about.”可知，“the elephant in the room”指的是一个大家避而不谈的大问题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, some competitors would steal the goat to upset the horse and make it lose the race!”可知，竞争对手偷山羊是为了让马输掉比赛。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“So, if you ‘have your ducks in a row’, it means that you are organized and have everything in order.”可知，旅行前可能会被要求“have my ducks in a row”，即整理好一切。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“English idioms (习语) are sometimes hard to understand, but they’re fun to learn.”可知，这类知识可以在关于英语文化的网站上找到。故选D。 Passage 07 （2025·河北石家庄·一模）Ne Zha 2’s Great Success More and more Chinese like going to the movies during the Spring Festival. During the 2025 Spring Festival, Ne Zha 2 became a big hit in Chinese cinemas. By February 3rd, its box office had got over 4 billion yuan. It became a famous film all over the world. Because so many people wanted to watch Ne Zha 2, cinemas even opened 1,000-seat halls. Tickets sold out quickly both online and at the ticket offices. Many things about the film became popular. Products with characters like Shen Gongbao and Shiji Niangniang sold out quickly. Limited-edition (限量版) blind boxes were sold out in a few hours. This showed how much fans loved the film. Ne Zha 2 comes from old Chinese stories. However, it tells these stories in a new way. Ne Zha and Ao Bing were enemies before, but now they are friends. The film’s main idea makes young people think about their own lives. The film has many great special effects (特效). It shows that Chinese cartoons can be as good as the best in the world. Ne Zha 2 also helps young people love Chinese old culture and new ideas. 1．What did cinemas do to let more people watch Ne Zha 2? A．They reduced ticket prices. B．They opened larger halls. C．They increased online ticket sales. D．They sell products with characters. 2．Which of the following does the writer probably agree with? A．Ne Zha 2 is only famous in China. B．Ne Zha 2 tells Chinese stories in an old way. C．Ne Zha 2 helps young people love Chinese culture. D．Chinese cartoons can’t be as good as the best in the world. 3．In which part of a newspaper can you read the text? A．Health. B．Science. C．Medicine. D．Culture. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了《哪吒2》这部电影的票房、制作背景以及电影对传统文化的创新表达。 1．细节理解题。根据“Because so many people wanted to watch Ne Zha 2, cinemas even opened 1,000-seat halls.”可知，影院为了满足观众需求，开放了更大的影厅。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Ne Zha 2 also helps young people love Chinese old culture and new ideas.”可知，作者认为《哪吒2》帮助年轻人热爱中国文化。故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了《哪吒2》这部电影的票房、制作背景以及电影对传统文化的创新表达，属于文化范畴。故选D。 Passage 08 （2025·河北承德·模拟预测）In China, it’s common to see people on the streets using their fans to beat the heat in summer. However, the traditional Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down, but a symbol of traditional Chinese culture. The history of Chinese fans goes back to the Shang Dynasty (about 1600 B．C．—1046 B．C．). One of the earliest fans was known as Shanhan. It was a bit like today’s umbrella. It was tied to a carriage (马车) to keep people away from the strong sunshine and rainfall. Later, Shanhan developed into a long-handled fan called Zhangshan (障扇). In fact, the fan was not used to help people cool down until the Zhou Dynasty. At that time, fans were usually made of birds’ feathers and mainly used by the emperors. Later, bamboo fans and cattail-leaf fans (蒲扇) were invented during the Han Dynasty. Both were most popular among the common people during the Song Dynasty. Years later, the folding fan was introduced. As this kind of fan could be easily folded and carried, it soon became popular. However, the most notable feature of a folding fan was the pictures on it. If a famous person painted the fan, it could cost a lot of money. For example, a folding fan painted by Zhang Daqian was sold for $252,000. Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong were also well-known. Throughout history, Chinese fans have stood the test of time. Today, there are more than 500 kinds of fans in China, attracting a great number of fan lovers both at home and abroad. However, it’s difficult to pass down our traditional skills of making fans among young people now for many reasons. Luckily, Tag Design made a meaningful try. It developed an app “Folding Fan” which introduces the skills for making traditional folding fans. With the help of technology, these fan-making skills are surely able to stay alive forever. 1．What was the earliest fan in the Shang Dynasty used for? A．Decorating carriages. B．Cooling people in hot weather. C．Protecting people from the sun and rain. D．Helping people rest. 2．Who might be the users of feather fans in the Zhou Dynasty? A．Powerful people. B．Ordinary people. C．Talented people. D．Young people. 3．What did Tag Design try to do to protect traditional fan-making skills? A．It sold expensive folding fans online. B．It developed an app to introduce the skills. C．It helped young people through online classes. D．It told people the history of fans. 4．What is the primary purpose of this passage? A．To compare ancient fans with modern ones. B．To explain how to make traditional Chinese fans. C．To describe the history and cultural value of Chinese fans. D．To introduce Chinese traditional culture. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国扇子的历史和文化价值，以及如何通过技术传承传统制扇技艺。 1．细节理解题。根据“One of the earliest fans was known as Shanhan. It was a bit like today’s umbrella. It was tied to a carriage (马车) to keep people away from the strong sunshine and rainfall.”可知，最早的扇子用于保护人们免受阳光和雨水的侵扰。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“At that time, fans were usually made of birds’ feathers and mainly used by the emperors.”可知，周朝时，羽毛扇主要是由皇帝使用，也即是羽毛扇的使用者是有权势的人。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“It developed an app ‘Folding Fan’ which introduces the skills for making traditional folding fans.”可知，Tag Design通过开发应用程序来介绍传统制扇技艺。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“However, the traditional Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down, but a symbol of traditional Chinese culture.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国扇子的历史和文化意义。故选C。 Passage 09 （2025·河北廊坊·二模）I never used to care about animals or the environment. But when I knew some animals were in danger, I changed my mind. I decided to look after them and protect them. I always enjoy watching the sea, so I joined an organization to protect loggerhead turtles (红海龟) last summer. I learned a lot about loggerhead turtles there. They are disappearing because people have built houses near the sandy beaches where loggerhead turtles lay their eggs. Also, baby loggerhead turtles sometimes need the moonlight to find the sea. But if there is a town near the beach, the baby loggerhead turtles will be misled (误导) by the lights and they may never reach the sea. In this case, they may die. Besides, loggerhead turtles may eat plastic rubbish from the town, which is harmful to their health. They need clean beaches to live safely. I had an interesting job. Every day, I searched for loggerhead turtle nests and counted the eggs in them. Then I put cages around the nests. At night, I checked the beach to make sure that no animals were trying to eat the eggs. I also cleaned the beach and helped baby loggerhead turtles return to the sea. It was great fun. Animals are our good friends, so we have the responsibility to protect them. A world without animals would be a “grey” world. Humans and animals should live together in harmony (和谐). 1．When did the writer join the organization? A．Last winter. B．Last spring. C．Last summer. D．Last autumn. 2．What is introduced in Paragraph 2 about loggerhead turtles? A．The reason for the disappearance of loggerhead turtles. B．The way of cleaning the beaches. C．The result of protecting baby loggerhead turtles. D．The location of loggerhead turtles’ home. 3．What did the writer put around the nests? A．Loggerhead turtles’ eggs. B．Cages. C．Baby loggerhead turtles. D．Food. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the relationship between humans and animals. B．To warn people not to swim in the sea. C．To call on more and more people to protect animals. D．To encourage people to join an organization actively. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者曾经不关心动物和环境，但了解到一些动物处于危险之中后，作者改变了想法，决定照顾和保护它们，并加入了一个保护红海龟的组织，介绍了保护红海龟的相关情况，最后呼吁大家保护动物。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I always enjoy watching the sea, so I joined an organization to protect loggerhead turtles (红海龟) last summer.”可知，作者去年夏天加入了这个组织。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They are disappearing because people have built houses near the sandy beaches where loggerhead turtles lay their eggs. Also, baby loggerhead turtles sometimes need the moonlight to find the sea...Besides, loggerhead turtles may eat plastic rubbish from the town, which is harmful to their health.”可知，第二段主要介绍了红海龟消失的原因。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Then I put cages around the nests.”可知，作者在巢穴周围放了笼子。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Animals are our good friends, so we have the responsibility to protect them.”以及全文内容可知，作者通过讲述自己保护红海龟的经历，呼吁大家保护动物。故选C。 Passage 10 （2025·河北唐山·三模）Have you heard of China’s Tiangong space station? It was completed on November 5, 2022. It can hold up to six astronauts. As a national space laboratory, it has advanced systems designed to help astronauts live and work in space. How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station? Come along and find out! For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports can help astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is a bike to keep fit, a running machine and other fitness equipment in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise. Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station? How do they keep themselves clean? Don’t worry! Tiangong has a special bathroom. Astronauts can wipe themselves clean with a wet towel (毛巾). What do astronauts eat in the space station? There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. There is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool in it. What if astronauts miss their family? There is special communication equipment in the space station. Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their family. Usually, the astronauts wear earphones. It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position. What do you think of the lives of the astronauts? 1．What is Tiangong? A．It’s a national space laboratory which can hold up to 3 astronauts. B．It’s an advanced system which can help astronauts live and work in space. C．It’s China’s space station where astronauts live and work. D．It’s a Chinese school where students learn to be astronauts. 2．What is fitness equipment most probably used for? A．For exercising. B．For keeping food. C．For communicating. D．For keeping clean. 3．Why can’t astronauts take showers like we do on the earth? A．Because there is no bathroom in space. B．Because water is valuable in space. C．Because the environment is very different in space. D．Because it’s difficult to keep themselves clean in space. 4．What do we know about the lives of the astronauts? A．They can live in the same way as they live on the earth. B．They don’t need fridges to keep food cool. C．They can call their family in the space station. D．They needn’t do sports in the weightless environment. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宇航员在中国太空空间站是如何生活的。 1．细节理解题。根据“Have you heard of China’s Tiangong space station? It was completed on November 5, 2022. It can hold up to six astronauts. As a national space laboratory, it has advanced systems designed to help astronauts live and work in space.”可知，天宫是中国的空间站，是宇航员生活和工作的地方。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“There is a bike to keep fit, a running machine and other fitness equipment in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise.”可知，健身设备是用来给宇航员健身用的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth.”可知，宇航员不能像我们在地球上那样洗澡，是因为他们生活在失重的环境中，也就是因为太空环境非常不同。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts can have personal ‘sky-to-earth’ calls with their family.”可知，宇航员可以在空间站给家人打电话。故选C。 1/18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $