Unit3 Environmental Protection Words and Expressions 词汇讲解课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

水彩风大气模板 Unit 3 Environmental Protection (words and expressions) graph [ r f] n. 图;图表;曲线图 diagram 图标 figure (书中的)图;表 table 表 (timetable) chart 图表 form 表格 1. graphic adj. 详细的,生动的,绘画的,图形的 2. graphically adv. 形象地,生动地; 以图表形式 photograph 照片 /i m n/ n.排放物;散发物;排放 emit v.排放;散发;发出;发行 (permit-permission,admit-admission) emitter n. 发射器,发射体 carbon emission 碳排放 gas emission 气体排放 emission reduction 减排 cut the emission of greenhouse gases 减少温室气体的排放 emission starve vi.&vt.(使)挨饿;饿死 starvation n.挨饿;饿死 starving adj. 饥饿的;快饿死的 starve to death =be starved to death 饿死 The poor animal was starved to death because its owner forgot to feed it for days. 这只可怜的动物因为主人连续几天忘记喂食而饿死了。 starve for=be starving for 渴望;急需 The students are starving for new knowledge. starve to do sth 渴望做某事 He starved to see her once again. be starved of/for 极需;缺乏 His writing is starved for original ideas, so it fails to attract readers. be dying/thirsty/hungry/ desperate for/to do sth =long for/to do freeze to death 各种“死”法的表达 be worried to death be scared to death be beaten to death 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(2025 新高考全国卷 ) Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children _(starve) in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (2)Eventually,I strongly starve _ knowledge about which aspects of traditional Chinese culture arouse your curiosity most. starving for (3)Because the drought has destroyed all the crops, the villagers are at risk of starving _ death. (4)如果植物缺乏阳光,它将无法进行光合作用并正常生长。 _, it will not be able to photosynthesize and grow properly. to If the plant is starved of/for sunlight seal n. 海豹 (pl. seals) 印章; 保证; 密封; 封条/蜡 v. 封上; 密封; 覆盖表面; 确定; 关闭; seal an envelope/box/jar 封信封 / 盒子 / 罐子 Please seal the package tightly before you send it to the courier. 寄快递前请把包裹密封严实。 seal a contract 订立合同 seal sth (up) (with sth) 密封(容器) ecology [i k l d i] n.生态;生态学 ecology system= ecosystem n. 生态系统 ecotourism n. 生态旅游 ecofriendly adj. 对生态环境友好的;环保的 -ology-学问,学说 geography n.地理学 geology n.地质学 biology n.生物学 psychology n.心理学 sociology n.社会学 epidemiology n.流行病学 1. ecologist n.生态学家 2. ecological adj 生态的;生态学的 release [r li s] v.释放;排放;发布 n.释放;排放,泄漏 一、将下列短语翻译成汉语。 1. press releases _ 2. sign a release _ 3. release information _ 4. release a new film _ 5. release prisoners of war _ 6. release the creative powers of the people _ 新闻稿 签发释放令 透露消息 发行新影片 释放战俘 激发人民的创造性 release [r li s] v.释放;排放;发布 n.释放;排放,泄漏 release stress 释放压力 release a film/book/record 发行一部电影/一本书/一张唱片 release...from ... 从……释放…… Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage. 消防队员花了两个小时将司机从汽车残骸中救出来。 release...into 把...释放到 Burning fossil fuels will release a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 燃烧化石燃料会向大气中释放大量二氧化碳。 on/in release 上映;发行;在公映 The movie goes on general release next week. 这部电影将于下周公开上映。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(外研选必一U5)The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals _ the leaves that are being eaten. (2)听说自己最喜欢的作家的新书已经发行了,他非常兴奋,希望能尽快拿到一本。 He was excited to learn that _ _, hoping to get his hands on a copy as soon as possible. 读后续写之情绪描写 from his favorite author's latest book was on/in release methane / mi: e n/ n.甲烷;沼气 carbon / k :b n/ n.碳 dioxide /da ksa d/ n.二氧化物 carbon dioxide / k :b n da ksa d/ 二氧化碳 / h b t bl/ adj.适合居住的 uninhabitable adj.无法居住的;不宜居的 habitation n.居住;住处 habitat n.栖息地 habitant n.居民;居住者 habitable zone 适居带 natural habitat 天然栖息地 habitable sustain [s ste n] vt.维持;支持;承受住 sustainable adj 可持续的;不破坏环境的 sustainable development 可持续发展 sustainability n. 可持续性、能维持性 sustained adj. 持久的;持续的 make a sustained effort 做出不懈的努力 The thin ice cannot sustain your weight. A large international meeting was held with the aim of sustaining sustainable development. Some nearby buildings sustained minor damage. v. 承受住 v. 维持 可持续发展 v. 遭受 fossil / f sl/ n.化石 fuel / fju: l/ n.燃料;刺激性言行 fossil fuel / f sl fju: l/ 化石燃料(如煤或石油) comprehensive [ k mpr hens v] adj.全部的;所有的;详尽的 comprehensive quality 综合素质 comprehensive insurance 全面保险 comprehensively adv.完全地,彻底地 comprehensiveness n. comprehend vt. 理解 comprehension n. 理解(力) reading comprehension 阅读理解 worldwide / w :ldwa d/ adv.遍全球地 adj.世界各地的;影响全世界的 world+-wide“...范围内的/地点” statewide_ countrywide_ industrywide_ 全州的/地 全国的/地 整个业界的/地 trend /trend/ n.趋势; 趋向; 动向 economic/social/political trends 经济/社会/政治趋势 a trend in/towards... ……的趋势 tend v.倾向;往往会;照料 tend to do sth. 往往会做某事 tendency n.趋向; 趋势;倾向 frequently adv.频繁地;经常 frequent adj. 频繁的;经常的 infrequent adj. 罕见的 frequency n. 频繁;频率 broadcast-broadcast-broadcast broadcaster n.广播员 broadcast news 传播新闻 a live broadcast 现场直播 broadcast v.播送;广播 n.广播节目;电视节目 复数: policies politics n. 政治 politician n. 政治家 political adj. 政治的;政党的 a policy on sth (……方面)的政策 foreign policy 外交政策 make/develop a policy 制定政策 adopt/carry out/ follow a policy 采取/实施/奉行方针 policy / p l si/ n.政策;方针;原则 footprint n.足迹;(某物所占)空间量;面积 fingerprint restrict [r str kt] vt.限制;限定;束缚 restrict A to B 把A限制在B restrict oneself/sb. to doing sth 限制自己/某人做某事 restrictive adj.限制性的,约束的 restricted adj. 受限制的 be restricted to 被限制(在某范围) restriction n.限制/约束;限制规定 impose/place a restriction on…… 对……实行限制 lift the restriction on... 对……解除限制 without restriction 不受限制 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Although she had many interests, she decided to restrict her studies _ environmental science. (2)(2025 浙江卷1月) Any _(restrict) established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. to restrictions (3)The government has decided to place a restriction _ the use of plastic bags in supermarket. (4)俱乐部成员的数量被限制在10人以内,因此很难加入这个俱乐部。 _, so it is very difficult to be admitted to the club. on The number of club members is restricted to ten seize [si z] vt.抓住;夺取;控制 抓住 seize (基本义) 抓住人或人的身体部位 抓住某个地方或权利等 抓住机会等 被某种情绪抓住 抓住;逮捕 夺取;占领 抓住;把握(时机等) (情绪)突然侵袭;突然控制 seize [si z] vt.抓住;夺取;控制 seize/catch/hold sb. by the+身体部位 抓住某人的某个部位 我抓住他的手臂,放声大哭起来。 I seized him by the arm, bursting into tears. sb be seized by 情感= 情感 seize sb 充满某种情感 一种强烈的恐惧感攫住了我,我的手掌在冒汗。 I was seized by a strong sense of horror, with my palms sweating. seize/grasp/catch/grab an opportunity/chance 抓住机会 seize on/upon 抓住;突然对……大为关注 be seized/overcome/overwhelmed with/by 被(强烈的情感、愿望等)影响 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)He was seized _ a sudden inspiration when he was taking a walk in the park. (2)当他试图逃跑时,保安抓住了他的胳膊,牢牢地控制住了他。 When he tried to run away, the security guard _ and held him firmly. When he tried to run away, the security guard _ and held him firmly.读后续写之动作描写 with/by seized his arm seized him by the arm basin / be sn/ n.流域;盆地;盆 penguin / pe gw n/ n.企鹅 reform [r f m] vi.& vt. 改革;改造 n. 改革;变革;改良 reformer n. 改革者; 改良者 reformation n. 改进; 改革; 改善 reform and opening-up policy 改革开放政策 reform the social security system 改革社会保障制度 undergo [ nd ] vt. 经历;经受(变化、不快等) undergo tests/trials/repairs/operation/surgery 经受考验/接受审讯/接受检修/接受手术 understand v.理解 undertake v.承担 underestimate v.低估 underline v.在……下面划线 underdog n.弱势群体 underwear n.内衣,衬衣 undergo - underwent - undergone implement vt.使生效;贯彻;执行 近:carry out carry out/implement the reform and opening-up policy 实施改革开放的政策 implementation n. 实施;执行 the implementation of the new system 新体制的实施 harmonious adj.和谐的 a harmonious society 一个和谐社会 harmony n.和谐 in harmony (with…) 与……协调;与……相配 out of harmony (with…) 与……不协调 live/work in harmony with 与... 融洽地生活/工作 harmoniously adv.和谐地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)I believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live together _ harmony. (2)(2025 新高考全国卷 )This eye catching column, I'm firmly convinced, won't fail to grant the whole class a _ (harmony) atmosphere. (3)这座建于1980年代的现代摩天大楼如今与周边的历史建筑格格不入。 The modern skyscraper, which was built in the 1980s, now _. in harmonious looks out of harmony with the surrounding historical architecture moderate adj.适度的;中等的;温和的 vi.&vt.缓和;使适中 moderation n. 适度 moderately adv. 适度地 1. Moderate exercise will be of benefit to you. _运动对你有益。 2. He has a room of moderate size. 他有一个大小_的房间。 3. The wind is moderate today. 今天的风很_。 4. He is a moderate smoker. 他是一个_ 烟民。 5. You should moderate your language when children are present. 在孩子面前,你说话应该_。 适当 适中 柔和 有节制的 有节制 submit [s b m t] vt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服 submit-submitted-submitted-submitting submission n. 屈服;提交 submit sth. to sb. 向某人提交某物 submit oneself to... 屈服于...;服从… = be submitted to sb/sth 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Before making the final decision, the committee reviewed all _(submit) carefully. (2)According to what he observed,the doctor decided on submitting his medical report _ the president of the hospital. (3)如果我没有向困难屈服的话,我就会被我理想中的大学录取了。 _, I would have been admitted to my ideal university. submissions to If I hadn't submitted to difficulties adj.每年的;一年的 n.年刊;年鉴 annually adv.一年一度地 an annual event 一年一度的大事 an annual meeting/report 年会/年度报告 annual rainfall 年降雨量 annual tropical / tr p kl/ adj.热带的;来自热带的 chaos / ke s/ n.混乱;杂乱;紊乱 on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 on behalf of sb= on sb's behalf =stand for = represent 代表;表示 behalf n. 利益;代表 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)I am writing to you _ his behalf to express our gratitude for your generous donation.应用文写作之感谢信 (2)With a code book, you might write down words that would stand _ other words. (3)我很荣幸在此代表我们学校向你们表示热烈的欢迎。 _, I'm honoured to be here to extend a warm welcome to you. _, I'm honoured to be here to extend a warm welcome to you.应用文写作之发言稿 on for On behalf of our school Representing our school nuclear / nju:kli (r)/ adj.原子能的;核能的 sensitive [ sens t v] adj.敏感的; 善解人意的;灵敏的 be sensitive to 对……敏感 My teeth are very sensitive to cold food. 我的牙齿对冷食过敏。 insensitive adj. 不敏感的;未意识到的;无感觉的 sensitively adv.敏感地 sense n. 感觉;见识;意义;理智 vt. 感觉到 make sense 讲得通;有道理 Your explanation about the grammar rule makes sense. make sense of 理解;弄懂 I need some time to make sense of this complex math problem. in a sense 在某种意义上 In a sense, every mistake we make is a valuable learning opportunity. in no sense 决不(置于句首句子用倒装) In no sense should we give up our dreams because of temporary difficulties. sensible adj. 明智的,可察觉的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)_ a sense, his decision to leave was understandable, given the circumstances. (2)Can you completely make sense _what the expert in psychology said just now? In of (3) 我们绝不能认为这个项目是失败的;它已经实现了许多目标。 _; it has achieved many of its goals. (4)担心我们无法改变的事情是没有意义的;这只会增加我们的压力。 _; it only adds to our stress. 应用文写作之建议信 In no sense can we consider this project a failure There is no sense in worrying about things we cannot change jungle / d gl/ n.(热带)丛林;密林 smog /sm g/ n.烟雾(烟与雾混合污染物) originate vi.& vt. 起源,发源;创立 originate from 来源于 Many traditional Chinese festivals originated from ancient rituals. 许多中国传统节日都起源于古代的祭祀仪式。 originate in 起源于; The custom originated in the Tang Dynasty. 这种习俗起源于唐朝。 origin n. 起源;出身/血统[常用复数] original adj.起初的,最早的;新颖的/独创的;真迹的 n.原稿/原件 originally adv.原来,起初; 独创地,新颖地 volume / v lju:m/ n.量;体积;(成套书中)一卷 garbage / g :b d / n.垃圾;废物 enterprise / ent pra z/ n.公司;企业;事业 restore /r st (r)/ vt.恢复;使复原;修复 1. restoration n. 恢复;复原;修复 2.同义:recover v. 恢复(健康,精神,体力), resume v. 恢复(职位),继续 refresh v. 恢复精神状态 3. restore one’s sight 恢复视力 4. restore ... to ... 把...恢复到..., 把...归还给... He is now fully restored to health. 他现在完全恢复了健康。 The police have now restored the painting to its rightful owner. 警察已经把这幅油画归还给了它的合法主人。 conservation / k ns ve n/ n.对(环境、文物等)保护;保持 under conservation 受到保护 1. conserve vt. 保护;保存 2. conservative adj. 保守的;守旧的 3. conservationist n. (自然环境等)保护主义者 conservation conversation controversial contradictory contemporary 保护 有争议的 当代的 矛盾的 传统的 conventional 谈话 conservative 保守的 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)While she is open to new ideas, she tends to be _(conserve) when it comes to her personal beliefs. (2)这个国家公园正受到保护,以维持其自然美景和野生动物。 _ to maintain its natural beauty and wildlife. _ to maintain its natural beauty and wildlife. conservative The national park is being conserved The national park is under conservation dozen [ d zn] n. (一)打; 十二个 a dozen+复数名词/a dozen of +限定词+复数名词 a dozen eggs /a dozen of the fresh strawberries/two dozen of my books dozens of 许多;很多 英语中有一些和dozen一样表示数目的单词,如:score(20), ten, hundred, thousand, decade等,它们的用法与dozen相同。 scores of 许多,大量几十个 tens of 数十 hundreds of 数百 thousands of 数千 tens of thousands of 数万 hundreds of thousands of 数十万 millions of 数百万 tens of millions of 数千万 hundreds of millions of 数亿 billions of 数十亿 regulation [ re ju le n] n.章程;规章制度 regulate vt. 调整,校准 regular adj. 规律的,定期的 regularly adv.有规律地 set up regulation 设立规章制度 fire/ safety/ building regulations 防火条例/安全规章/建筑法规 disposal [d sp zl] n. 去掉;清除;处理 dispose vt.&vi. 处理;处置;安排 disposable adj. 一次性的;可自由支配的 disposable gloves 一次性手套 a person's disposable income 个人可支配(税后)收入 at one’s disposal 任某人处理/ 自行支配 He will have a car at his disposal for the whole month. 他将有一辆汽车归他使用一个月。 arrive - arrival survive - survival refuse - refusal propose - proposal approve - approval disapprove - disapproval inspection [ n spek n] n. 检查;查看;视察 inspect vt. 检查 inspector n. 检查员,视察员 inspective adj. 检查的、注意的 carry out regular inspections 定期检查 inspect the army 检阅部队 a parking fine 违规停车罚款 fine sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事而惩罚某人 be fined for (doing) sth. 因某事而被惩罚 She was fined for speeding. 她因超速而被罚款。 fine n. 罚款 v. 对...处以罚款 adj. 美好的, 健康的 campaign n. 运动, 战役 v. 参与/领导运动 campaigner n.(政治或社会变革的)运动领导者/参与者 a global/international campaign 全球/国际运动 conduct/launch a campaign 发起一场运动 campaign for/against 参加运动支持/反对…… waterway / w :t we / n.水道;航道 tolerate [ t l re t] vt. 忍受;包容;容许 tolerate = stand = bear = put up with 容忍 tolerate (one’s/sb.) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事 She refused to tolerate being called a liar. 她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。 tolerance n. 宽容;容忍 tolerant adj. 宽容的;容忍的 be tolerant of/towards sth. /sb. 对……容忍 They need to be tolerant of different points of view. 他们需要容忍不同的观点。 tolerable adj. 可容忍的 intolerable adj. 无法忍受的;不能容忍的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)He tolerates _(work) under pressure, but he prefers a more relaxed work environment. (2)(2025 北京卷)Usually, better outcomes are achieved through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk _(tolerate). (3)若想建立持久的关系,你必须容忍他人的不完美。 If you want to build lasting relationships, _ _.应用文写作之建议信 working tolerance others' imperfections you must be tolerant of/towards agenda [ d end ] n.议程表;议事日程 1. on the agenda 在日程表上 2. add sth. to one’s agenda 把某事加在某人的日程表上 3. at the top of the agenda 位于最重要的议事日程 4. set an agenda 确定一个工作日程 with复合结构 【经典例句】 (教材P32)Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. 更多的家庭和商业废料最终流入河中,加剧了水污染。 with复合结构主要包括以下几种情况: (1)with+宾语+介词短语; (2)with+宾语+形容词/副词/名词; (3)with+宾语+现在分词(表示主动或进行); (4)with+宾语+过去分词(表示被动或已完成); (5)with+宾语+动词不定式(表示将要发生) 返回导航 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(2024 新高考全国卷 )With so many online posts _(feature) the same places, it's easy to feel like you're missing out. (2)With much work _(do), he turned down the invitation to the party. (3)With his eyes _(focus) on the road, he drove carefully through the storm.读后续写之动作描写 featuring to do focused 返回导航 (4) (2025 浙江卷1月)格林先生和格林太太专注地倾听着,脸上交织着惊讶与感激的神情。 Mr. and Mrs. Green listened attentively, _ _. with a mixture of surprise and gratitude on their faces 返回导航 “It is believed that...”意为“人们认为/相信……” 【经典例句】 (教材P33)With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come. 人们相信通过这些措施,漓江之美将得以世代相传。 (1)“It is believed that ...”可转换为“主语+be believed to do...”结构; (2)类似用法的结构还有:“It is said/reported/thought/supposed/expected/...that...”可转换为:“主语+ be said/reported/thought/supposed/expected/...to do...” 返回导航 【句型转换】 (1)It is thought that carbon dioxide is heating the Earth twice as quickly as previously feared. _ twice as quickly as previously feared. (2)It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month. _ next month. Carbon dioxide is thought to be heating the Earth The new mayor is said to come into power 返回导航 (3)It is reported that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment. _ The professor is reported to have already succeeded in carrying out this experiment. 返回导航 课堂微练 即时检验 PART 04 第四部分 .品句填词 1.More importantly, with such positive energy, our society will become more and more h_. 2.This represented a decline of 5% in a_ profits, which made the manager quite worried. 3.He has s_ necessary certificates to prove that he is a completely qualified teacher. 4.The new and promising policies have _(恢复) my confidence in our country's future. armonious nnual ubmitted restored 返回导航 5.The government has made up its mind to go on with wildlife _(保护), which is of great benefit to human beings. 6.We also arranged regular _(检查) and agreed to take further actions when necessary. 7.(2025 新高考全国卷 )Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a _(运动) to stop the destruction of her local park. 8.If neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their t_. conservation inspections campaign olerance 返回导航 .词块运用 1.Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we _(与大自然和谐相处). 2.In spite of challenges and hardships in my daily life, I _(拒绝向它们屈服). 3.The coral reef is _(受到保护) to protect it from human activities and climate change. live in harmony with nature decline to submit to them under conservation 返回导航 4.He _(对不同的意见很宽容), which makes him a good leader. 5.He _(对文化差异很敏感), which helps him communicate effectively with people from various backgrounds. is tolerant of/towards different opinions is sensitive to cultural differences 返回导航 .根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 The East Lake measures 33 square kilometers in size, 1._[使其成为中国第二大的城中湖;现在分词(短语)作结果状语]. 2._ _(曾几何时,东湖是著名的风景区,海内外游客纷至沓来,欣赏东湖美景;a time when...+with复合结构). making it the second urban lake in China There was a time when East Lake was a famous scenic spot, with tourists coming from home and abroad to appreciate its beauty 返回导航 Unfortunately,with the development of economy, a large number of factories were set up, 3._ _(其中许多工厂将数百万吨废水倒入湖中;“代词+介词+关系代词”引导定语从句). Moreover, rubbish was thrown into the lake by the locals and the visitors, 4._[严重污染了湖水;现在分词(短语)作结果状语]. Not only did it ruin the beauty of the lake, but also it caused great economic losses. many of which poured millions of tons of waste water into the lake polluting the lake badly 返回导航 5._ (既然当地政府已经意识到了这一可怕的情况;now that引导原因状语从句), immediate measures are taken to restore the lake. Though the environmental challenges are significant, 6._ (人们认为在不久的将来;it is believed that...), the lake will be clean again. Now that the local government has been aware of the terrible it is believed that in the near future situation 返回导航 1. starve vi.&vt. 使挨饿;饿死-_n. 饥饿;饿死;挨饿 2. frequently adv. 频繁地;经常-_ adj. 频繁的-_ n. 频繁;频率 3. restriction n. 限制规定;限制法规;约束-_ vt. 限制;限定;束缚 4. tolerate vt. 忍受;包容;容许-_ n. 忍受;包容-_ adj. 宽容的 5. comprehensive adj. 全部的;所有的;详尽的-_v. 理解-_n. 理解 6. sustain vt. 维持;遭受;承受住-_adj. 可持续的;合理利用的 7. disposal n. 去掉;清除;处理-_ vt. 处理;清除-_ adj. 一次性的;用完即丢弃的 8. annual adj. 每年的;一年的 n. 年刊;年鉴-_ adv. 每年地 starvation frequent frequency restrict tolerance tolerant comprehend comprehension sustainable dispose disposable annually 9. submit vt.&vi. 提交;呈递;屈服-_n. 提交;呈递;屈服 10. harmonious adj. 和谐的-_ n. 和谐 11. originate vi.&vt. 起源;发源;创立-_ n. 起源;源头;起因-_ adj. 最初的;原始的-_ adv. 最初;起初 12. moderate adj. 适度的;中等的;温和的;vi.&vt. 缓和;使适中-_ n. 适度;适中;合理 13. regulation n. 章程;规章制度-_v. 约束;控制;管理 14. inspection n. 检查;查看;视察-_v.检查;查看;审视;视察-_ n. 检查员;视察员;巡视员 15. habitable adj. 适合居住的-_ adj.不适合居住的 -_n.习惯 16. restore vt. 恢复;使复原;修复-_n. 修复;整修 17. conservation n. 对(环境、文物等)保护;保持- _ vt. 保护;节约;保存-_ adj. 保守的,守旧的 submission harmony original origin originally moderation regulate inspect inspector inhabitable habit conserve conservative restoration $