Unit3 Our culture, our treasure Extended reading 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版选修第三册

高中英语译林版(2020)选修第三册课件 Unit 3 Our culture, our treasure Extended reading Page 39-40 Confucius’s philosophy: a moral inspiration 孔子哲学：一种道德启示 制作者：桂东一中　李宇平 ◆ 内容分析 【What】本板块的语篇话题是“孔子及其哲学思想”。语篇内容紧扣中国伟大的哲学家、教育家孔子的哲学思想，着重介绍了其中的三个核心概念：仁、义、礼，包括这些思想对中国人在个人修养和社会关系层面的引导，以及对国内事务和对外交往的帮助等。 【Why】本文通过对孔子及其哲学思想的介绍，旨在进一步了解孔子并理解其核心思想——仁、义、礼的内涵和具体表现形式，体会这些思想在道德、社会和政治等方面对中国社会和人民的深远影响，坚定文化自信，自觉传播和弘扬中华优秀传统文化。 【How】本文的语篇类型为杂志文章，结构清晰，层次分明，内涵丰富。全文可分为三个部分：第一部分描绘了祭孔大典的盛况并赞颂了孔子对人类文明的巨大贡献。第二部分依次介绍了孔子的生平事迹、核心思想以及这些思想对个人、社会、国家的指导意义和影响。第三部分为总结段落，肯定了孔子在世界历史上的重要地位以及对国内外的影响力。在写作手法上，作者在介绍孔子思想的影响时，由小到大，从个体到社会，再从国内事务到对外交往，层层递进地展现了仁、义、礼这些核心观念的深远影响，帮助读者把握文章内容；在语言特色上，作者不吝辞藻地赞扬了这位伟大哲人的精神和思想，如 the great philosopher and educator has made a major contribution to human civilization,one of the most influential thinkers in world history 等，增强了文章的感染力，激励读者主动学习和弘扬孔子思想，传承中华优秀传统文化。 ◆ 教学目标 By the end of this section, we will be able to: 1. summarize the life, philosophy and influence of Confucius; 2. analyse the writing features of the magazine article; 3. give opinions on how to seek guidance from Confucius’s philosophy in today’s world; 4. enhance our awareness of learning great Chinese philosophies. On 28 September, a large number of people gather in Qufu, Shandong Province,to celebrate the birthday of Confucius. On this day, people honour the memory of Confucius and celebrate the unique legacy he left to mankind. Although he lived more than 2,500 years ago, the great philosopher and educator has made a major contribution to human civilization.9 月 28 日，许多人齐聚山东曲阜，纪念孔子诞辰。在这一天，人们缅怀孔子，颂扬他为世人留下的独特遗产。尽管生活在 2500 多年前，这位伟大的哲学家和教育家还是为人类文明作出了巨大贡献。 honour/cherish the memory of 缅怀 cele·brate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ 赞美,颂扬,歌颂;庆祝,庆贺 Confucius lived in the Spring and Autumn period, from about 551 BCE to 479 BCE. He founded the philosophical school of Confucianism, established private schools,and edited a number of classical works. Accompanied by some of his loyal students,he spent 14 years of his life travelling from state to state, spreading his ideas and discussing philosophical questions. 孔子生活在春秋时期，大约公元前 551 年至公元前 479 年。他开创儒家学派，兴办私学，编撰数部典籍。在一些忠实弟子的陪同下，他周游列国十四年，传播他的思想，探讨哲学问题。 school 学派；流派 Although Confucius failed to receive the recognition he deserved during his lifetime, his teachings have survived through the ages, for the benefit of later generations. After his death, his sayings were recorded and compiled by his students into a book called The Analects of Confucius, which summarized the philosopher’s thoughts on different subjects such as morality, politics and education. 虽然孔子生前并未得到应有的认可，但他的学说却流传千古，泽被后世。 孔子殁后，他的言论被弟子们记录下来，编成了一部名为《论语》的书，书中总结了这位哲学家对于诸如道德、政治和教育等不同话题的思想。 for sb's benefit为帮助某人；为某人的利益 saying（尤指宗教或政治领袖的）重要讲话，教诲 △At the core of his thinking are the three key concepts of Ren, Yi and Li, which are all connected to our relationship with other people. Ren is generally defined as “benevolence”, which means loving people. Confucius emphasized that love should begin with the love of one’s parents.He said, “Children should not travel far when their parents are alive.” This kind of love is then expanded into the love of all people. 孔子思想的核心是仁、义、礼三个关键概念，三者都同自我与他人的关系有关。仁通常被定义为“仁爱”，即爱人。孔子强调，仁爱应始于对父母的爱。他曾说：“父母在，不远游。”后来这种爱扩充为对所有人的爱。 Yi can be translated as “righteousness”,that is, doing what one ought to do. Confucius believed that a gentleman “thinks of righteousness in the face of gain”. Li refers to “ritual” in social life. It is about behaving in the most appropriate way in any given situation, based on social customs and one’s relationship with other people involved.义可译为“正直”，即做应做之事。孔子相信，君子“见利思义”。礼是指社会生活中的“礼仪”，指的是在任何特定情况下，都要根据社会习俗和人际关系，以最恰当的方式行事。 in the face of sth即使面对（问题、困难等）;由于；因为 gain好处,利益,改进;利润,经济收益;增值,增加 involved参与的; 涉及的;耗费很多时间,关注;复杂难解的 The philosophy of Confucius can provide us with valuable moral guidance on how to develop ourselves as individuals, how to work for the common good, and how to build and maintain harmonious relationships with others. Confucius’s golden principle, “Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you”, still holds true for people in modern times. 孔子哲学能够为我们提供宝贵的道德启示，指引我们如何实现自我发展，如何为共同利益服务，以及如何建立并维护与他人的和谐关系。孔子“己所不欲，勿施于人”的金律，在现代人身上依然适用。 prin·ciple道德原则,行为准则,规范;观念,(行动、思想的)理由,信条 hold true 同样适用 hold good正确；适用 When interacting with others, people should put themselves in the other person’s position, regarding it as a code of conduct to live harmoniously with others. △Furthermore, a core concept in the philosophy of Confucius that has greatly influenced Chinese people’s moral values is that the public good comes before personal interest.与人交往时，人们应设身处地为他人着想，以此作为与人和谐相处的一条行为准则。此外，孔子哲学的一个核心观念对中国人的道德观影响巨大，即公共利益先于个人利益。 be in sb's shoes/put yourself in sb's shoes/position 处于某人的境地；设身处地 People who shoulder great responsibility in pursuit of the common good and selflessly put the interests of others before their own are greatly admired and held up as role models. It is also worth noting that Confucius focused on the conventions of ritual and etiquette, which have deeply influenced how people play their multiple ritual roles. 那些追求共同利益，且无私地将他人利益置于自己利益之上的人们承担了巨大的责任，他们极受钦佩，被奉为楷模。另一个值得注意的观念是，孔子重视礼仪和礼节的习俗，这对人们如何扮演好自己的多种例行角色影响甚深。 put sth. before/above sth.把…看得比…重要 hold sb/sth up举出(例子),提出(作为榜样);延迟,阻碍;搀扶,支撑 For example, students should honour their teachers, and children should show respect for their elders. By observing such social norms, each individual can get a clearer idea of how to balance their various roles and relationships within their family and in society at large. 比如，学生应尊重老师，孩子应孝敬长辈。通过遵守这样的社会规范，每个人都能更清楚地知道如何平衡自己在家庭和整个社会中的各种角色和关系。 at large(用于名词后 ) 整个,全部,总地,一般地;(危险的人或动物 ) 未被捕获的；自由的 Beyond the moral principles for personal behaviour, Confucian thoughts also provide guidance on how to manage a nation’s domestic and foreign affairs in today’s complex,ever‑changing world. The Confucian concept, “Harmony is most precious”, with its focus on maintaining social order, stability and harmony within society, has since ancient times played an important role in Chinese political thought.The idea of preserving “harmony without uniformity” has also long been considered important in China. 除了个人行为的道德准则，孔子思想也为如何在复杂多变的当今世界中处理国家的内政外交提供了指引。孔子思想中的“和为贵”，重在维持社会有序、稳定与和谐，自古以来就对中国的政治思想发挥着重要作用。保持“和而不同”的观点在中国也一直很受重视。 uniformity/ˌjuːnɪˈfɔːmɪtɪ/ 统一性;一致(性) This way of embracing differences is evident in China’s approach to other cultures, which is characterized by appreciation, inclusiveness and the spirit of mutual learning, with the aim of safeguarding the diversity of world civilizations. The Confucian idea of actively striving for the common good can also be seen in how China cooperates with other countries to build a human community with a shared future.这种对差异的包容体现在中国对待外来文化的方式上，这种方式的特点是欣赏、包容与互鉴精神，以维护世界文明多样性为宗旨。积极争取共同利益的孔子思想同样也体现在中国与其他国家携手同行，共创人类命运共同体的方式中。 All in all, Confucius was one of the most influential thinkers in world history. His ideas have not only had a far‑reaching impact on the development of Chinese civilization, but will also continue to inspire people both at home and abroad. 总之，孔子是世界历史上最具影响力的思想家之一。孔子思想不仅对中华文明的发展有着深远影响，也将继续启发海内外的人们。 A.Write a summary of the magazine article. Use the following ideas to help you. • Life of Confucius • Core concepts of Confucius’s philosophy • Influences of Confucius’s philosophy Confucius lived over 2,500 years ago, but he is remembered and honoured to this day for his major contribution to human civilization. Confucius founded the philosophical school of Confucianism. He spent 14 years travelling from state to state to spread his ideas and discuss philosophical questions. His teachings have survived through the ages. The three core concepts of Confucius’s philosophy are connected to our relationship with others: Ren, generally defined as “benevolence”, which means loving people; Yi, translated as “righteousness”, meaning doing what one ought to do; Li, which refers to “ritual” in social life. Confucius’s philosophy offers moral guidance on how to develop ourselves as individuals, how to work for the common good, and how to build and maintain harmonious relationships with others. It also provides guidance on how to manage a nation’s domestic and foreign affairs in today’s complex, ever-changing world. Confucius, one of the world’s most influential thinkers, has influenced the world profoundly with his ideas. His philosophy will continue to be a moral inspiration to people both at home and abroad. B.How can Confucius’s philosophy guide us today? Give details to support your opinion. In today’s modern world, there are many distractions and issues that affect the way we live our life. By applying Confucius’s three core philosophical concepts, we can tackle many of the world’s problems and change the way we live for the better. Practising the concept of Ren can remove conflicts between different people and even between different countries. By loving and respecting people and being kind to one another, we can work together for the greater good of mankind. Moreover,with the help of the concept of Yi, global issues like climate change or poverty can be handled more effectively. Acting in a righteous manner, we can do what needs to be done: avoid putting profits before people’s well-being. Finally, the concept of Li, if applied, can encourage people to live in harmony with each other while sticking to their own traditions and beliefs. apply施加，实施；应用，运用 If we use Confucius’s philosophy today as a basis for living, the world can be a much better place where everyone cares about and aims for the same things: love, respect and harmony. basis  /ˈbeɪsɪs/ 基准,准则,方式;原因,缘由;基础,要素,基点 aim (at/for sth)力求达到；力争做到 B. Reading and writing Page 70 B1. Visiting museums is a fun way to learn about a nation’s history and culture. Read the leaflet below about different museums in China and choose the best answer. Circle the letters of the correct options. 1.Which museum is perfect for people interested in the Tang Dynasty? a. The Palace Museum, Beijing. b. The Shaanxi History Museum, Xi’an. c. The Sanxingdui Museum, Guanghan. d.All of the above. 2. If you visit the Sanxingdui Museum, what will you be able to see? a. Imperial collections from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 明清时期的皇家藏品。 b. Bronzes from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. c. Architecture in the style of the Tang Dynasty. d. Restoration of ancient artefacts.古代文物的修复工作 im·per·ial /ɪmˈpɪəriəl/ 帝国的；皇帝的 bronze  /brɒnz/ 青铜艺术品,青铜 res·tor·ation  /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ 整修；修复 arte·fact /ar·ti·fact  /ˈɑːtɪfækt/ 人工制品，手工艺品 3. What is the purpose of the leaflet? a. To persuade the reader to visit museums frequently. b. To convince the reader of the importance of museums. c. To provide information on some of China’s most important museums. d. To choose the most famous museum in China. China, with its long history and rich culture, boasts thousands of museums that are worth visiting. The Palace Museum, Beijing Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987, the Palace Museum is in the very heart of Beijing. With over 1.8 million items housed in the old imperial palace,it is one of the most famous museums in the world.Vast quantities of paintings, calligraphy scrolls and ceramics, mainly from the Ming and Qing imperial collections, are displayed throughout the hundreds of buildings within the palace complex. calligraphy scroll书法卷轴; 书法条幅 cer·am·ic /səˈræmɪk/ 陶瓷制品；陶瓷器 com·plex /ˈkɒmpleks/ （类型相似的）建筑群 Be prepared to spend at least a day exploring the monumental architecture and the countless works of art in the Palace Museum! 准备好至少花一天的时间来参观故宫博物院那宏伟的建筑以及众多的艺术珍品吧！ The Shaanxi History Museum, Xi’an Given that many ancient dynasties had their capitals in Shaanxi, it is no wonder that the province boasts some genuinely exceptional museums. monu·men·tal  /ˌmɒnjuˈmentl/ 重要的,意义深远的,不朽的 ,=historic;非常大(或好、坏、蠢等)的,=major;纪念碑上的 ex·cep·tion·al 杰出的,优秀的,卓越的;异常的,特别的,罕见的 (it's) no/little/small wonder (that)...不足为奇；并不奇怪 It is the place to see artefacts ranging from the prehistoric era to the 19th century, covering a period of over a million years. Highlights of the museum include its legendary collection of bronzes from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, as well as some truly breathtaking murals from the Tang Dynasty with scenes of the daily lives of noble families. 这里是展示从史前时代到 19 世纪各类文物的地方，涵盖了超过一百万年的历史。该博物馆的亮点包括其著名的商周时期青铜器藏品，以及一些极具震撼力的唐代壁画，这些壁画描绘了贵族家庭的日常生活场景。 le·gend·ary/ˈledʒəndri/ 非常著名的,享有盛名的;传奇的,传说的 high·light  /ˈhaɪlaɪt/ 最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分 The Sanxingdui Museum, Guanghan The Sanxingdui Museum offers a unique glimpse into a little-known part of ancient Chinese history. Located in Sichuan Province, the museum is dedicated to the spectacular artefacts from Sanxingdui, an archaeological site believed to be linked to the ancient kingdom of Shu. 三星堆博物馆为我们提供了一次深入了解中国古代历史中鲜为人知部分的独特机会。该博物馆位于四川省，致力于展示来自三星堆这一考古遗址的精美文物。三星堆遗址被认为与古代的蜀国有关联。 glimpse (into/of sth)  短暂的感受(或体验、领会); 一瞥 spec·tacu·lar  /spekˈtækjələ(r)/ 壮观的,壮丽的,令人惊叹的 The museum boasts two large exhibition halls with a total area of over 10,000 square metres, and there is also a special section where visitors can see how ancient artefacts are restored. Some of the most astonishing objects on display include a number of mysterious bronze masks that are over 3,000 years old. These masks, which look as if they were from another world, have captured the imagination and curiosity of countless visitors. as·ton·ish·ing令人十分惊讶的,使人大为惊奇的,难以置信的,=amazing capture sb's attention/imagination/interest引起(注意、想象、兴趣) B2.Write a brief introduction to a museum you are interested in. You can include details about its history, significance, featured collections(特色馆藏), etc. (Possible answer) I am interested in the Baiheliang Underwater Museum, located in Chongqing.Construction of the museum began in 2003 and it finally opened to the public in 2009.The museum consists of three parts: the exhibition hall, the corridors and the underwater inscriptions protection cover. 水下铭文保护罩 cor·ri·dor /ˈkɒrɪdɔː(r)/ (建筑物内的)走廊,过道,通道,=hall·way The main attraction of the museum is the Baiheliang Inscriptions carved into a natural stone ridge of the same name Baiheliang, which literally means “White Crane Ridge”, and are situated underwater. Located in the Yangtze River, the stone ridge is 1,600 metres long with an average width of 15 metres.There are 165 inscriptions with more than ten thousand characters, 18 carved stone fish and other stone carvings. ridge  /rɪdʒ/隆起；脊；垄 carv·ing  /ˈkɑːvɪŋ/ 雕刻品；雕刻图案；雕像 The inscriptions include calligraphy from the Tang Dynasty to the early 20th century. The stone ridge is also known as the world’s first ancient hydrological station(水文站). To protect the Baiheliang Inscriptions and keep its precious historical memory,engineers chose to use a non-pressure container to preserve the original site, protecting the appearance and environment of the Baiheliang Inscriptions. hydrological/ˌhaɪdrəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/水文学的 Then two underwater channels with escalators were installed, allowing visitors to go beneath the Yangtze River to see the stone carvings and inscriptions without getting into the water themselves. Visitors can clearly view this magnificent cultural heritage through glass windows. The museum has been entitled by UNESCO as the “First Underwater Museum Accessible without Diving in the World”.随后，还安装了两条带有自动扶梯的水下通道，使游客能够潜入长江之下，观赏石雕和碑文，而无需亲自下水。游客可以通过玻璃窗清晰地看到这一宏伟的文化遗产。该博物馆已被联合国教科文组织认定为“世界上首个无需潜水即可进入的水下博物馆”。 es·cal·ator  /ˈeskəleɪtə(r)/ 自动扶梯,电动楼梯,滚梯 $