专题06 谓语动词的时态(复习讲义)(辽宁专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

2026-01-19
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专题06 谓语动词的时态 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破............................................................................................................................4 考点一 一般现在时 4 考点二 一般过去时 6 考点三 一般将来时 8 考点四 现在进行时 12 考点五 过去进行时 14 考点六 现在完成时 18 考点七 易混淆时态辨析 20 04 优题精选· 练能提分............................................................................................................................................23 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 一般现在时 · 掌握一般现在时的构成和用法 · 10年10考 动词的时态是辽宁省中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:一般现在时(高频)、一般过去时 (高频)、现在进行时(高频)过去进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时、过去进行时。 主要在完型填空和语篇填空中考查。 一般过去时‌ · 掌握一般过去时的构成和用法 · 10年10考 一般将来时‌ · 掌握一般将来时的构成和用法‌ · 近10年连续考查 现在进行时 · 掌握现在进行时的构成和用法 · 近10年连续考查 过去进行时 · 掌握过去进行时的构成和用法 · 近10年连续考查 现在完成时 · 掌握现在完成时的构成和用法 · 近10年连续考查 易混时态辨析 · 掌握几种易混时态的区别,在复杂语境中辨别时态的能力 · 近10年连续考查 目标导航: 1. 系统复习并掌握时态的基本知识,强化在复杂语境中辨别时态的能力。 2. 熟练运用各种时态:三个一般时、两个进行时和现在完成时。 3.掌握几种易混时态的区别。 方法突破 1. 解答完型填空、和语篇填空等考查时态试题时,首先分析四个选项的时态,然后根据语境中所给的标志词或上下文语境判断,使用正确的时态。要求学生熟练掌握各个时态的构成、用法、标志词等相关知识。 2. 主要是判断时态。做题时先分析句子结构,判断空处在句中是否作谓语,若是作谓语,则根据时态相关的语法知识确定所填动词的正确形式。 ❤锦囊妙计 锦囊1:根据“标志性状语” 在题干中,yesterday, tomorrow, always, since, in the past few years, over the years, by+时间, so far等都是动词时态常用的标志性状语,做题时可以通过寻找这些标志性状语来判定时态。 锦囊2:根据“并列谓语” 当句中有两个或两个以上的动词时,它们之间可能是同时发生,也可能有一定的先后关系,我们可以根据这种谓语动词的关系来判定时态。同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语,谓语动词的时态要一致。 锦囊3:根据“语境暗示” 有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下,通过“语境暗示”,正确分析语境也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。 锦囊4:根据“时态定义” 准确理解常考时态的定义是做题的根本。 锦囊5:根据“固定句式” 掌握常用句式也是解决时态问题的快速且行之有效的方法。 注意:解答动词题时,首先应当分辨是否为谓语。如果是谓语,紧接着在文中寻找标志性时间状语或固定句型的标志词,然后结合复杂语境中的逻辑意思进一步确定时态、语态和主谓一致。 时态概述 时态:英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示,这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。在英语中,根据动作发生的时间和动作的种类,动词又分为十六种时态。中考一般掌握下列时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时等)。 高频考点:一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时; 中频考点:过去进行时 考点一 一般现在时 1.构成及动词第三人称单数变化形式 ①谓语动词的构成:do/does ②如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在动词原形后加-s或-es,其变化规则如下: 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-s eat→eats; rise→rises 以-s、-x、-ch、-sh、-o、-z结尾的动词 加-es discuss→discusses;teach→teaches 以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词 变-y为-ies carry→carries; fly→flies 2.一般现在时具体用法 1. 表示经常性的动作,常与usually,always,often,sometimes,never,every day等表示频度的时间状语连用。 On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work. 星期一早晨,我通常花费一小时开车去上班。 2. 表示客观真理、格言或者警句等。 As we all know, the earth travels around the sun.众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。 3. 表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly等,常用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。 My dream school starts at 8:30 am and ends at 3:30 pm. 我理想的学校上午8:30上课,下午3:30放学。 4. 在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 If you come this afternoon, we'll have a meeting.如果你今天下午过来,我们将开个会。 5. 以here/there开头引导的倒装句,表示正在发生的动作/状态 There goes the bell.铃响了。 6. 用于文章标题、图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等。 The film explores the daily lives of ordinary people in a small town. 这部电影探索了小镇上普通人的日常生活。 【易错提醒】 1. 表示客观真理时,宾语从句不受主句的限制,用一般现在时。 2. if 条件状语从句中可用shall 或will 表示意愿,但不表示时态。 3. be ,like ,hate, sound, believe, want, belong等,常用一般现在时。 4.句型I hope, I bet等候面的that...从句及句型 make sure that从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 1.(24-25·辽宁·抚顺·二模)It (go) around the city and is an important cultural site (遗址). 【答案】goes 【详解】句意:它环绕着城市,是一个重要的文化遗址。根据“is an important cultural site”可知,此句时态是一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数,所以动词go用第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。 2.(24-25辽宁·营口·月考)Traditional dress also (tell) us about everyday life. African designs are famous for loose (宽松的) clothing. 【答案】tells 【详解】句意:传统服装也告诉我们日常生活。此句为一般现在时,且主语“Traditional dress”为单数,谓语用三单形式tells。故填tells。 3. (24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试)They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain (work) . 【答案】works 【详解】句意:它们可能会损害脑细胞并改变大脑的工作方式。根据“how the brain…”可知,此处指大脑是如何工作的,应用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用单三。故填works。 考点二 一般过去时 1.构成及动词过去式的变化规则 谓语动词的构成:did 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played; discuss→discussed 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以一个辅音字母结尾的重度闭音节动词 双写辅音字母加-ed plan→ planned; refer→ referred 以不发音的e结尾的动词 直接加-d provide→ provided; like→liked 一部分动词过去式变化不规则 不规则变化或保持原型 go→went; come→came; hit→hit 2.一般过去时具体用法 ①表示在过去发生的一次性动作或习惯性动作或存在的状态,常用yesterday,last year,in 1995,the other day等作时间状语。 例1. The other day I came across an old friend on the top of Mount Tai. 前几天,我在泰山顶上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。 例2.He came to work here two weeks ago. 他两周前来这儿上班的。 ②表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 例1.When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我小时候,经常在大街上踢足球。 例2.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. Brown 妇访问期间,不论走到哪里,都受到了热烈的欢迎。 ③用于固定句型中。 It is/has been+一段时间+since...did sth.自从做某事已经一段时间了 would/had rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事 例1.It is time you went to bed. 到了你上床睡觉的时间了。 例2.I’d rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。 例3.It is time that we took action to protect our environment. 该到我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。 ④wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 例1.I thought you might have some. 我原以为你会有一些的。 例2.Sorry, I didn’t see the sign over there. 对不起,我(刚才)没看见那边的指示牌。 ⑤在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。 例1.He said he would not go if it rained. 他说要是下雨,他就不去。 例2.He said he would tell her about the news as soon as he met her. 他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。 ⑥有些句子,虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语,但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态,也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know, think, expect等,表示"本来认为"。 例1.I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没想到会在这儿遇到你。 例2.I thought he had heard the news. 我原以为他已经听说了这个消息。 【易错提醒】 1. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来; 2. 没有时间状语时灵活选用一般过去时的情况; 3. as if /as though引导的从句中用一般过去表示虚拟语气。 1.(2024·辽宁·中考真题)“Last month, we (have) several matches against other schools. 【答案】had 【详解】句意:上个月,我们和其他学校进行了几场比赛。根据“Last month”可知,是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填had。 2.(24-25·辽宁·模拟预测)After learning the devil would come again to his home village on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, he went back. He (lead) the people from his village up a mountain. 【答案】led 【详解】句意:他带领村民上山。根据“he went back”可知,句子时态是一般过去时,lead的过去式是led,故填led。 3.(24-25·辽宁·抚顺·二模)The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He (give) it the name Chang’an. 【答案】gave 【详解】句意:他给西安起名为长安。根据“who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He … (give) it the name Chang’an.”可知,描述过去的事用一般过去时,give过去式为gave。故填gave。 4. (2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模)On that day, a storm (hit) the town. It left a lot of small fish on the ground. This may sound fun. 【答案】hit 【详解】句意:那天,一场风暴袭击了这个城镇。根据上下文可知,该句时态为一般过去时,“hit”的过去式是“hit”,意为“袭击”,“a storm hit the town”表示“一场风暴袭击了这个城镇”,符合语境。故填hit。 考点三 一般将来时 1.一般将来时的构成 谓语动词的构成: 1. will/shall+动词原形 2. be going to+动词原形 3. be to+动词原形 4. be about to do sth. 2.一般将来时具体用法 ①一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,即单纯的将来事实。shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 例1.Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢? 例2.He will graduate from Beijing University next year. 明年,他将毕业于北京大学。 ②be going to do sth.表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。 例1.What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢? 例2.The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 例3.Look at the cloud. It is going to rain. 瞧那乌云,天要下雨了。 ③be to do sth.表示按计划或安排即将要做某事,或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。 例1.We are to obey these rules when we go into the library. 当我们进了图书馆,就要遵守这些规章制度。 ④be about to do sth.表示即将要发生某事。 例1.The train is about to leave.火车即将开出。 例2.He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 【易错提醒】 be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 3.一般将来时的特殊表达法 a. 下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例1.The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 例2.The train stars in ten minutes. 火车十分钟后发车。 b. 以here,there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。 例1.Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。 例2.There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 c. 在时间或条件句中。 例1.When Bill comes ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。 例2.I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。 【知识拓展】 when引导的时间状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。但when引导的别的从句(如名词性从句或定语从句)中正常使用各种时态。 d. 在动词hope,take care that,make sure that等的宾语从句中。 例1. I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。 例2. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。 e.用现在进行时表示将来。下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。 例1.I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 例2.Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿待到下周吗? 易错辨析 will 用于条件句时,will表意愿 The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. 最好的运动是你喜欢并且愿意做的运动。 be going to 用于条件句时,be going to表将来 If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it as soon as possible. be to do 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排) be going to 表示主观的打算或计划 I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)     一、短文填空 1.(24-25·辽宁·锦州·二模)It (make) you feel relaxed soon. 【答案】will make 【详解】句意:它会很快让你感到放松。根据上下文可知,此处是一般将来时,表示“将会感到放松”。故填will make。 二、选择填空: 2.(2024·安徽·宿州·二模)— I ________ Mount Huangshan with my parents.     — Really? I really admire you. Have a good time! A.was visiting B.have visited C.will visit D.visited 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——我将和我的父母去参观黄山。——真的吗?我真的很钦佩你。玩得开心! 考查一般将来时。根据“Really? I really admire you. Have a good time!”可知,还没去参观黄山,叙述的是将要做的事情,句子应用一般将来时“will do”。故选C。 3.(2024·江苏·宿迁·三模)—Do you think ________ more pollution in a few years? —Yes! So we must do something to save the earth. A.there is B.there will have C.there are D.there will be 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你认为几年后污染会更严重吗?——是的!所以我们必须做些什么来拯救地球。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。there be“有”,不与have连用,排除B选项;根据“in a few years”可知,时态为一般将来时,there be与一般将来时连用,结构为there will be。故选D。 4.(2024·河北·石家庄·三模)—We ________ to Hebei Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. —That’s amazing. A.went B.will go C.go D.have gone 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——在即将到来的暑假里,我们将和交换生一起去河北博物馆。——太棒了! 考查动词时态。根据“this coming summer holiday.”可知,本句是一般将来时,其结构为will do。故选B。 考点四 现在进行时 1. 现在进行时的定义和构成 谓语动词的定义: 现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。 The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。 The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。 We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。 谓语动词的构成:+doing 2.动词变现在分词的变化规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ing try→trying; cry→crying 以不发音的e结尾的动词, 去掉e,加­ing hate→hating;date→dating 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词, 双写辅音字母加­ing regret→regretting;ban→banning 3.现在进行的具体用法 A. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. C. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动。 I’m leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了) We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了) 在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况: (1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。 They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。 (2)以look,listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。 Listen! She is singing an English song. 听,她正在唱英语歌。 (3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week,these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。 We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。 Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 4.现在进行的特殊用法 名师提醒:有些动词不用于进行时态,常见的有: 1. 感觉类:look, feel, smell, sound, taste, hear 2. 情感类:like ,love, prefer, admire, hate, fear, adore等。 3. 心态类:hope, wish, want, need, expect, believe, think ,understand, agree, know, remember等。 I love my dad and mom. 我爱我的爸爸妈妈。 These books belong to Jim.这些书属于吉姆。 1.(2024·安徽安庆·三模)—Hello, is Eric busy? —Yes, he ______ the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu. A.reads B.read C.is reading D.will read 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你好,Eric忙吗?——是的,他正在读杜甫的《春夜喜雨》。考查动词时态。根据“Hello, is Eric busy?”和语境可知,Eric此刻正在读这首诗,应用现在进行时(be doing)。故选C。 2.(2024·安徽宿州·二模)—You know, new energy technologies in China ______ rapidly these years. —Yes, we can see lots of cars with new energy on the streets. A.are progressing B.will progress C.were progressing D.have been progressed 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你知道,中国的新能源技术近年来已经迅速发展。——是的,我们可以在街上看到很多新能源汽车。考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“these years”可知,句子时态应用现在进行时。故选A。 3.(2024·江苏南京·二模)—How time flies! Our junior high ________ to an end. —I can’t forget the happy time we have spent together. A.comes B.came C.was coming D.is coming 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——时光飞逝!我们的初中时光快结束了。——我无法忘记我们在一起度过的快乐时光。 考查动词时态。根据“… time we have spent together.”可知,初中快要结束(还没结束),由此可知用一般将来时,come/go/leave等用现在进行时表示一般将来时的含义。故选D。 考点五 过去进行时 1.过去进行时的结构 结构 肯定句 主语+was/were + 现在分词 In 2022,she was studying in a university. 2022年的时候她在上大学。 否定句 主语+was/were not +现在分词 This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing his bike.昨天这个时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车。 一般疑问句 was/were + 主语+ 现在分词 肯定回答: Yes,主语+was / were. 否定回答:No,主语+wasn't / weren't. Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗? Yes,we were./No,we weren’t.是的,我们在打。/不,我们没打。 特殊疑问句 疑问词+was / were+主语+动词-ing形式 What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么? What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么? 时间标志词 then,at that time,at ten yesterday,at this time yesterday,this morning,the whole morning,all day,from nine to ten last evening,when,while等. 2.过去进行的具体用法 1)表示在过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或该动作与过去的另一动作同时发生,这一特定的过去时间通常有时间状语(从句)或由上下文来表示。 The last time I saw Jane,she was picking cotton in the fields. 我最后一次见Jane,她正在地里摘棉花。 It was raining at 6 o'clock this morning.今早六点钟时正在下雨。 2)表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态,但说话时不一定正在进行。 What was the girl doing at the time of the rainstorm? 暴风雨来临的时候,这个女孩在做什么? We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨晚7点到9点我们在看电视。 3)表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动,即按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。 用于come,go,leave,start,arrive, take off等短暂性的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作,用于某些动词。 He said that his sister was getting married next December.他说他妹妹12月结婚。 4)与always,constantly,frequently,forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复的,有一定的感情色彩。 They were always quarreling.他们老是吵架。 She was always thinking of others.她老是想到别人。 She was forever complaining.她老是抱怨。 【注意】 现在进行时也有类似用法,但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作,而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。 5)动词hope,wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉、客气。 I was wondering if you could give me a lift.我不知你能否让我搭一下车。 I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动? 1.(2024·河北邯郸·三模)I didn’t answer your phone, as I ______ a shower then. A.take B.am taking C.was taking D.will take 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我没有接你的电话,因为我当时正在洗澡。考查动词时态。根据“I didn’t answer your phone”和“then”可知,此处表示刚才正在洗澡,应用过去进行时,故选C。 2.(2024·江苏常州·一模)—Why are you so worried, Xiao Lei? —Because I ________ extra lessons the whole holiday and haven’t finished my homework. A.was attending B.attended C.have attended D.attend 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——小雷,你为什么这么担心?——因为我整个假期都在上补习班,而且还没完成我的作业。考查动词的时态。attend意为“参加,出席”,结合句意可知,此处要表示的是整个假期都在进行补课这个活动,要选用过去进行时。故选A。 3.(2024·北京朝阳·二模)Mary ________ the house when her friend called her yesterday evening. A.cleans B.will clean C.is cleaning D.was cleaning 【答案】D 【解析】句意:昨天晚上玛丽的朋友打电话给她时,她正在打扫房子。考查过去进行时。cleans打扫,动词三单形式;will clean打扫,一般将来时;is cleaning打扫,现在进行时;was cleaning打扫,过去进行时。根据“when her friend called her yesterday evening.”及语境可知,该句为when引导的时间状语从句,表示昨晚她朋友给她电话时她正在做的事情,应用过去进行时,其结构为“was/were doing”,主语Mary为三人称单数形式,be动词应用was。故选D。 考点六 现在完成时 1.现在完成时基本结构: 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 ①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语. ②否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词)+宾语. ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语. ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词(V-ed)+其他) 2.动词变过去分词规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played→played ; discuss→discussed→discussed 以不发音的-e结尾的动词 加-d like→ liked→ liked; live →lived→ lived 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed stop→ stopped →stopped; plan →planned →planned; skip →skipped→ skipped; occur→ occurred →occurred; 3.现在完成时的具体用法 ①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语:already,so far,never,just,before,recently,for a long time,in the past/last few years等。 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. 在过去的10年中我们的城市发生了很大变化。 ②现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示),常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用,谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如: He has lived here since 1990. 自从1990年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1990年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。) 注意:for和since的用法。 ①for + 时间段 译为:……时间 ②since + 过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来) ③since + 时间段 + ago ④since + 从句(过去时) ⑤It is + 时间段 + since + 从句(过去时) 注意:瞬间动词(buy, die, join, lose...)与for 或since引导的时间段连用时,要改变成延续性动词。变化如下:   come/arrive/reach/get to→be in    go out→be out    finish→be over    open→be open    die→be dead    buy→have    Fall ill→be ill    Come back→be back   Put on→be on/wear    worry→be worried    Catch a cold→have a cold ③现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作。 Please return the book to me when you have finished it.当你读完这本书请归还给我。 4.现在完成时的特殊句式 用于现在完成时的固定句型: 1. 在“It/This is/will be the first/second/third ... time+that从句”中,从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。 This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. 这是我们第一次作为一家人在电影院看电影。 2.It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已经……”。 It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university. 我大学毕业已十年了。 【名师提醒】 1. 注意避免思维定式:一看到for+时间段,就用动词的现在完成时态。一定要看语境强调是“该动作曾经做过多长时间”(一般过去时),还是“该动作已经做完多长时间”(现在完成时)。 2.非延续性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, join, die, buy, borrow等的完成时,在肯定句中不能与for引出的时间段,since+时间点或how long等状语连用,要转化为相应的延续性动词才能与一段时间连用。 [误]I have bought the car for a year. [正]I have kept the car for a year. 这辆车我买了有一年了。 1.(24-25·辽宁·大连·一模)Since 1912, many more countries (take) part in the Olympic Games. After more than a century, the Olympic Rings remain a powerful symbol of the event. 【答案】have taken 【详解】句意:自1912年以来,更多的国家参加了奥运会。根据“Since 1912”可知,句子时态用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,主语“many more countries”是复数,助动词用have。故填have taken。 2.(24-25·辽宁·鞍山·二模)These achievements show that China (make) great progress in the development of humanoid robots. 【答案】has made 【详解】句意:这些成就表明中国在人形机器人的发展方面已经取得了巨大的进步。根据“These achievements show that China...great progress in the development of humanoid robots.”可知,此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响(已经取得了进步),要用现在完成时,其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”,主语是“China”,所以用“has made”。故填has made。 3.(24-25·辽宁·铁岭·三模)Confucius’ ideas (be) around in people’s everyday lives since they appeared. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意:孔子的思想自出现以来,就一直存在于人们的日常生活之中。根据“since”可知,句子用现在完成时“have/has done”,主语是复数,助动词用have,be的过去分词是been。故填have been。 4.(24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中)Recently, air taxis (take) a big step forward. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意:最近,空中出租车取得了重大进展。根据时间状语“Recently”可知,句子用现在完成时,主语是复数,助动词用have,动词用过去分词形式。故填have taken。 考点七 易混淆时态辨析 1.一般现在时态与现在进行时态 一般现在时态 现在进行时态 概念 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示主语具备的性格和能力,或陈述客观真理 表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作 构成 ①主语+be+其他 ②主语+实义动词+其他 ③主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他 主语+be (am,is,are)+v.-ing+其他 时间状语或标志词 always,usually,often,sometimes, every day/week/ month/ year..,on Sunday, in the morning等 now,right now,at the moment, today,these days,look,listen, It’s...o’clock.等 表示情感、意识(如want,like,know等)以及表示“有”的have等动词,一般不用于现在进行时,但可用于一般现在时 例:I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。 My brother usually gets up at 6 o’clock 我弟弟通常在六点起床。 Alice doesn’t like playing soccer. 艾丽斯不喜欢踢足球。 The moon goes around the earth. 月球绕着地球转。 Tom is walking to school now. 汤姆现在正步行去学校。 My grandmother is exercising in the park 我姥姥正在公园里锻炼。 My brother is always working hard. 我哥哥一直学习很努力。 2.一般过去时与过去进行时 一般过去时侧重说明过去发生的动作的事实,往往已经完成。 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,侧重强调动作的持续,一般还没有完成。 例1. They built a skyscraper. 他们建了一座摩天大楼。(已经完成) 例2. They were building a skyscraper.他们正在建一座摩天大楼。(没有完成) 例3. He took exercise after he got up.起床后他去锻炼身体了。 例4. He was taking exercise when he met Mr Smith.他在锻炼身体时碰到了史密斯先生。 3.一般过去时与现在完成时 ①侧重点不同 现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去,但它们所强调的重点不同:现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响;而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间,即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果,而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。如: I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。(现在我仍记得电影的内容) I saw the film three days ago. 三天前我看了这部电影。(强调是三天前,而不是别的什么时候看的电影) Mr Green has bought a new computer. 格林先生买了一台新电脑。(着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑) Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday. 格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天) ②时间状语不同 现在完成时常与already,yet,just,ever,never,before等副词以及"for+段时间","since+过去时间/从句"等时间状语连用;而一般过去时则常与"时间段+ago",just now,yesterday,last week等表示过去的时间状语连用。如: She has lived here since two years ago. 她两年前就住在这里了。 She lived here two years ago. 两年前她住在这里。 He has been in the League for three years. 他入团已经三年了。 Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信。 1.(2024·四川雅安·三模)In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A.had made B.was making C.has made D.is making 【答案】C 【解析】句意:近年来,中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。考查时态。根据“In the last few years”可知,应该与现在完成时连用,结构为have/has done,主语China为单数,应用has made。故选C。 2.(2024·江苏镇江·二模)—All the students ________ a lot in the last 3 years of junior high. —Yes, in many ways, especially their values on love and respect. A.were changing B.had changed C.are changing D.have changed 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——在初中的最后三年里,所有的学生都改变了很多。——是的,在很多方面,尤其是他们关于爱和尊重的价值观。考查现在完成时。由“in the last 3 years”可知,句子应用现在完成时。故选D。 3.(2024·江苏常州·三模)—What a beautiful bike! How long have you ________ it? —For just three days. A.bought B.had C.received D.hired 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——好漂亮的自行车!你买了多久了?——就三天。考查延续性动词。bought买;had拥有;received收到;hired雇用。根据“For just three days.”及“How long”可知,此处应用延续性动词,选项中had为延续性动词,表示“你买了自行车多久了”。故选B。 4.(2024·江苏扬州·三模)—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa. —He is so brave! I wonder ________. A.how long he has been to Africa B.whether he has gone to Africa before C.how many times he has been in Africa D.how soon he will return from Africa 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——米莉很担心她的哥哥,他加入了医疗队去了非洲。——他太勇敢了!我想知道他多久能从非洲回来。考查宾语从句。how long he has been to Africa表述有误,应用has been in表示“在某地待了多长时间”;whether he has gone to Africa before表述有误,用has been to,表示“是否去过某地”;how many times she has been in Africa表述有误,应用has been to,表示“去过某地”;how soon he’ll return from Africa他多久能从非洲回来。ABC表述错误。故选D。 一、语篇填空 1.(24-25·辽宁·铁岭·三模)Confucius started a school to spread his ideas. He believed that everyone should have a chance to learn. This idea (change) the way people thought about education at that time. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意:这一观念改变了当时人们对教育的看法。根据上下文可知,句子用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式changed。故填changed。 2.(24-25辽宁·本溪·开学考试)When Ziqi (die), Boya played his guqin for the last time in front Ziqi’s tomb (坟墓). 【答案】died 【详解】句意:当子期去世时,伯牙在子期的墓前最后一次弹奏古琴。根据“When Ziqi…”可知,此处表达,当子期去世时,应用一般过去时died。故填died。 3.(24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试)Last August, The Conversation reported that scientists (find) microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. 【答案】died 【详解】句意:去年八月,《对话》杂志报道,科学家们首次在人类大脑中发现了微塑料。根据“Last August, The Conversation reported that scientists…”可知,此处描述过去的事情需要使用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填found。 4. (24-25·辽宁·抚顺·二模)Unlike regular uniforms, the uniform still has the name of the child who________(own) it before him. 【答案】owned 【详解】句意:与普通校服不同,这件校服上仍然印着之前拥有它的孩子的名字。根据“the uniform still has the name of the child who...it before him.”可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,因此用一般过去时,own的过去式是owned。故填owned。 5.(24-25·辽宁·大连·模拟预测) Huang Tsingz is a student from QSI International School of Shenzhen. She __________ (win) the gold award not long ago for her creative oil painting in the 2024 Forbes (福布斯) China Youth Artists 100 Competition (竞赛). 【答案】won 【详解】句意:她不久前凭借创意油画获得了2024福布斯中国青年艺术家100强比赛的金奖。根据“not long ago”可知获奖是过去发生的事情,故该句应用一般过去时,谓语动词应用win的过去式won。故填won。 (2021·山东·淄博·一模) My life was perfect when I was twelve years old. I had a big family, 6 (include) my sister, Chrissy, and a little brother, Patrick, whom I loved greatly. Spring was coming, and I was 7 (excite) about another summer with Grandma. She and I had great fun together last summer. She was retiring this year, so that meant more time with her. Then, 8 April 11, 2017, at 10:00 P.M., we were all going to bed when the phone 9 (ring). My uncle was calling to say that Grandpa had just taken Grandma to the hospital... The next morning, I was 10 (tell) that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease. I tried to be strong, but even my father cried. I hadn’t even said goodbye 11 her. I couldn’t control my feelings anymore and began to cry 12 (loud). It finally hit me: She was gone forever. All she had left me were 13 (memory) in the garden which the hours we spent planting flowers and taking care of 14 (they). I believe that my grandma is a star watching over me, and she would have wanted me 15 (be) strong and happy like her, even though there are bad times. My family and friends love me for who I am and support me for what I do, as I know my grandma would, too. 【答案】 6.including 7.excited 8.on 9.rang 10.told 11.to 12.loudly 13.memories 14.them 15.to be 【解析】本文介绍了作者的奶奶因病去世,文中表达了对她的怀念之情。 6.句意:我有一个大家庭,包括我的妹妹克丽丝,还有一个弟弟帕特里克,我非常爱他。根据前面说有个大家庭,后面my sister, Chrissy, and a little brother, Patrick可知,应该是包括这些人,需用介词。故填including。 7.句意:春天来了,我很兴奋又有一个夏天能和奶奶在一起了。此处是be excited about对……感到兴奋。故填excited。 8.句意:然而,在2017年4月11日晚上10时,我们都要睡觉,电话铃响了。由April 11, 2017, at 10:00 P.M.,可知,此处是具体的时间,因此用介词on。故填on。 9.句意:然而,在2017年4月11日晚上10时,我们都要睡觉,电话铃响了。由we were all going to bed可知,此处表示过去发生的是事情,因此用过去式。故填rang。 10.句意:第二天早上,我听说奶奶因为心脏病走了。分析句子结构可知,此处是一般过去时的被动语态,需用过去分词。故填told。 11.句意:我还没跟她道别呢。此处是say goodbye to向……说再见。故填to。 12.句意:我控制不住自己的情绪,开始大声哭起来。此处的cry是动词,需用副词修饰。故填loudly。 13.句意:她留给我的只是花园里的回忆。根据“in the garden which the hours we spent planting flowers and taking care of ….”可知,此处的名词需用复数。故填memories。 14.句意:我们花了很多时间种花和照料它们。此处是作介词of的宾语,需用宾格代词。故填them。 15.句意:我相信我奶奶是一颗守护着我的明星,她会希望我像她一样坚强快乐,即使有不好的时候。此处是want sb. to do sth.需用动词不定式作宾补。故填to be。 二、完形填空 (2025·辽宁本溪·模拟预测) Three men who were stranded (被困住) on a Pacific island for ten days were successfully saved on April 9, 2024, thanks to their 16 “HELP” sign made with palm fronds (棕榈叶). The three men’s 17 experience began on March 31 when they set out to fish from Polowat Island. About 115 miles into their journey, a huge wave hit and broke their fishing boat. Luckily, the fishers 18 to get to a small island. They couldn’t call for help 19 their radio had run out of power. To make things worse, there was nobody else on the island. On April 6, the three men’s niece found that her three uncles had not 20 to their home as expected, so she called the police to report them missing. The 21 for the three fishers started soon. But poor weather conditions and limited resources (有限的资源) in the area made the searching 22 . With the help and support of the locals living near the island, they carefully searched an area of over 100,000 miles. Finally, they 23 the large sign “HELP” on the white sand. “Their smart act was very important in guiding the police directly to their location,” said the police. The fishers had been living off coconut meat and fresh water 24 a small well on the island. And they were all in good health. After finding them, the police first 25 some emergency supplies (应急物资) from the plane and reported their location. The three men were picked up and sent to their loved ones shortly after. 16.A.interesting B.smart C.active D.polite 17.A.funny B.normal C.helpful D.painful 18.A.compared B.preferred C.managed D.remembered 19.A.because B.and C.unless D.although 20.A.explained B.talked C.belonged D.returned 21.A.report B.need C.search D.order 22.A.difficult B.meaningless C.important D.unexpected 23.A.fixed B.offered C.discovered D.bought 24.A.out B.for C.from D.about 25.A.shared B.dropped C.required D.produced 【答案】 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.D 21.C 22.A 23.C 24.C 25.B 【解析】本文主要讲述了三名男子在太平洋小岛被困十日,用棕榈叶拼“HELP”获救的故事。 16.句意:2024年4月9日,三名被困在太平洋岛屿上10天的男子成功获救,这要归功于他们用棕榈叶制作的智能“帮助”标志。 interesting有趣的;smart聪明的;active积极的;polite有礼貌的。根据“‘HELP’ sign made with palm fronds”可知,此处指用棕榈叶制做标志牌这一自救方式是聪明的。故选B。 17.句意:这三个人的痛苦经历始于3月31日,当时他们从波洛瓦特岛出发捕鱼。 funny滑稽的;normal正常的;helpful有帮助的;painful痛苦的。根据“Three men who were stranded(被困住) on a Pacific island for ten days”可知,他们被困在岛上十天,因此这种经历是痛苦的。故选D。 18.句意:幸运的是,渔民们设法到达了一个小岛。 compared比较;preferred更喜欢;managed设法;remembered记住。根据“get to a small island”可知,渔船被巨浪冲击后,他们设法到达了一个小岛上。故选C。 19.句意:他们无法呼救,因为他们的收音机没电了。 because因为;and和;unless除非;although虽然。“They couldn’t call for help”和“their radio had run out of power”之间是因果关系,因此用连词because。故选A。 20.句意:4月6日,这三名男子的侄女发现她的三个叔叔没有像预期的那样回家,于是她打电话报警,报告他们失踪。 explained解释;talked谈论;belonged属于;returned返回。根据“so she called the police to report them missing”可知,她发现三个叔叔没有返回家长,所以报警了。故选D。 21.句意:对这三名渔民的搜索工作很快就开始了。 report报道;need需要;search搜索;order命令。结合常识可知,在她报警之后,警察应该是开始搜索工作。故选C。 22.句意:但该地区恶劣的天气条件和有限的资源使搜寻工作变得困难。 difficult困难的;meaningless无意义的;important重要的;unexpected出乎意料的。根据“poor weather conditions and limited resources”可知,此处指搜索工作很困难。故选A。 23.句意:最后,他们在白色的沙滩上发现了大大的“救命”的标志。 fixed修理;offered提供;discovered发现;bought买。根据“the large sign ‘HELP’”可知,此处指发现标志。故选C。 24.句意:渔民们一直以椰子肉和岛上一口小井里的淡水为生。 out出去;for为了;from从;about关于。此处指从井里获取淡水,应用介词from。故选C。 25.句意:在找到他们之后,警方首先从飞机上扔下了一些应急物资,并报告了他们的位置。 shared分享;dropped扔下;required要求;produced生产。根据“some emergency supplies(应急物资) from the plane”可知,此处指从飞机上扔下应急物资。故选B。 1 / 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题06 谓语动词的时态 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破............................................................................................................................4 考点一 一般现在时 4 考点二 一般过去时 6 考点三 一般将来时 8 考点四 现在进行时 11 考点五 过去进行时 13 考点六 现在完成时 15 考点七 易混淆时态辨析 18 04 优题精选· 练能提分............................................................................................................................................20 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 一般现在时 · 掌握一般现在时的构成和用法 · 10年10考 动词的时态是辽宁省中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:一般现在时(高频)、一般过去时 (高频)、现在进行时(高频)过去进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时、过去进行时。 主要在完型填空和语篇填空中考查。 一般过去时‌ · 掌握一般过去时的构成和用法 · 10年10考 一般将来时‌ · 掌握一般将来时的构成和用法‌ · 近10年连续考查 现在进行时 · 掌握现在进行时的构成和用法 · 近10年连续考查 过去进行时 · 掌握过去进行时的构成和用法 · 近10年连续考查 现在完成时 · 掌握现在完成时的构成和用法 · 近10年连续考查 易混时态辨析 · 掌握几种易混时态的区别,在复杂语境中辨别时态的能力 · 近10年连续考查 目标导航: 1. 系统复习并掌握时态的基本知识,强化在复杂语境中辨别时态的能力。 2. 熟练运用各种时态:三个一般时、两个进行时和现在完成时。 3.掌握几种易混时态的区别。 方法突破 1. 解答完型填空、和语篇填空等考查时态试题时,首先分析四个选项的时态,然后根据语境中所给的标志词或上下文语境判断,使用正确的时态。要求学生熟练掌握各个时态的构成、用法、标志词等相关知识。 2. 主要是判断时态。做题时先分析句子结构,判断空处在句中是否作谓语,若是作谓语,则根据时态相关的语法知识确定所填动词的正确形式。 ❤锦囊妙计 锦囊1:根据“标志性状语” 在题干中,yesterday, tomorrow, always, since, in the past few years, over the years, by+时间, so far等都是动词时态常用的标志性状语,做题时可以通过寻找这些标志性状语来判定时态。 锦囊2:根据“并列谓语” 当句中有两个或两个以上的动词时,它们之间可能是同时发生,也可能有一定的先后关系,我们可以根据这种谓语动词的关系来判定时态。同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语,谓语动词的时态要一致。 锦囊3:根据“语境暗示” 有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下,通过“语境暗示”,正确分析语境也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。 锦囊4:根据“时态定义” 准确理解常考时态的定义是做题的根本。 锦囊5:根据“固定句式” 掌握常用句式也是解决时态问题的快速且行之有效的方法。 注意:解答动词题时,首先应当分辨是否为谓语。如果是谓语,紧接着在文中寻找标志性时间状语或固定句型的标志词,然后结合复杂语境中的逻辑意思进一步确定时态、语态和主谓一致。 时态概述 时态:英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示,这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。在英语中,根据动作发生的时间和动作的种类,动词又分为十六种时态。中考一般掌握下列时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时等)。 高频考点:一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时; 中频考点:过去进行时 考点一 一般现在时 1.构成及动词第三人称单数变化形式 ①谓语动词的构成:do/does ②如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在动词原形后加-s或-es,其变化规则如下: 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-s eat→eats; rise→rises 以-s、-x、-ch、-sh、-o、-z结尾的动词 加-es discuss→discusses;teach→teaches 以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词 变-y为-ies carry→carries; fly→flies 2.一般现在时具体用法 1. 表示经常性的动作,常与usually,always,often,sometimes,never,every day等表示频度的时间状语连用。 On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work. 星期一早晨,我通常花费一小时开车去上班。 2. 表示客观真理、格言或者警句等。 As we all know, the earth travels around the sun.众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。 3. 表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly等,常用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。 My dream school starts at 8:30 am and ends at 3:30 pm. 我理想的学校上午8:30上课,下午3:30放学。 4. 在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 If you come this afternoon, we'll have a meeting.如果你今天下午过来,我们将开个会。 5. 以here/there开头引导的倒装句,表示正在发生的动作/状态 There goes the bell.铃响了。 6. 用于文章标题、图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等。 The film explores the daily lives of ordinary people in a small town. 这部电影探索了小镇上普通人的日常生活。 【易错提醒】 1. 表示客观真理时,宾语从句不受主句的限制,用一般现在时。 2. if 条件状语从句中可用shall 或will 表示意愿,但不表示时态。 3. be ,like ,hate, sound, believe, want, belong等,常用一般现在时。 4.句型I hope, I bet等候面的that...从句及句型 make sure that从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 1.(24-25·辽宁·抚顺·二模)It (go) around the city and is an important cultural site (遗址). 2.(24-25辽宁·营口·月考)Traditional dress also (tell) us about everyday life. African designs are famous for loose (宽松的) clothing. 3. (24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试)They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain (work) . 考点二 一般过去时 1.构成及动词过去式的变化规则 谓语动词的构成:did 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played; discuss→discussed 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以一个辅音字母结尾的重度闭音节动词 双写辅音字母加-ed plan→ planned; refer→ referred 以不发音的e结尾的动词 直接加-d provide→ provided; like→liked 一部分动词过去式变化不规则 不规则变化或保持原型 go→went; come→came; hit→hit 2.一般过去时具体用法 ①表示在过去发生的一次性动作或习惯性动作或存在的状态,常用yesterday,last year,in 1995,the other day等作时间状语。 例1. The other day I came across an old friend on the top of Mount Tai. 前几天,我在泰山顶上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。 例2.He came to work here two weeks ago. 他两周前来这儿上班的。 ②表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 例1.When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我小时候,经常在大街上踢足球。 例2.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. Brown 妇访问期间,不论走到哪里,都受到了热烈的欢迎。 ③用于固定句型中。 It is/has been+一段时间+since...did sth.自从做某事已经一段时间了 would/had rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事 例1.It is time you went to bed. 到了你上床睡觉的时间了。 例2.I’d rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。 例3.It is time that we took action to protect our environment. 该到我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。 ④wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 例1.I thought you might have some. 我原以为你会有一些的。 例2.Sorry, I didn’t see the sign over there. 对不起,我(刚才)没看见那边的指示牌。 ⑤在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。 例1.He said he would not go if it rained. 他说要是下雨,他就不去。 例2.He said he would tell her about the news as soon as he met her. 他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。 ⑥有些句子,虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语,但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态,也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know, think, expect等,表示"本来认为"。 例1.I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没想到会在这儿遇到你。 例2.I thought he had heard the news. 我原以为他已经听说了这个消息。 【易错提醒】 1. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来; 2. 没有时间状语时灵活选用一般过去时的情况; 3. as if /as though引导的从句中用一般过去表示虚拟语气。 1.(2024·辽宁·中考真题)“Last month, we (have) several matches against other schools. 2.(24-25·辽宁·模拟预测)After learning the devil would come again to his home village on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, he went back. He (lead) the people from his village up a mountain. 3.(24-25·辽宁·抚顺·二模)The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He (give) it the name Chang’an. 4. (2025·辽宁·沈阳·二模)On that day, a storm (hit) the town. It left a lot of small fish on the ground. This may sound fun. 考点三 一般将来时 1.一般将来时的构成 谓语动词的构成: 1. will/shall+动词原形 2. be going to+动词原形 3. be to+动词原形 4. be about to do sth. 2.一般将来时具体用法 ①一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,即单纯的将来事实。shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 例1.Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢? 例2.He will graduate from Beijing University next year. 明年,他将毕业于北京大学。 ②be going to do sth.表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。 例1.What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢? 例2.The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 例3.Look at the cloud. It is going to rain. 瞧那乌云,天要下雨了。 ③be to do sth.表示按计划或安排即将要做某事,或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。 例1.We are to obey these rules when we go into the library. 当我们进了图书馆,就要遵守这些规章制度。 ④be about to do sth.表示即将要发生某事。 例1.The train is about to leave.火车即将开出。 例2.He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 【易错提醒】 be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 3.一般将来时的特殊表达法 a. 下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例1.The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 例2.The train stars in ten minutes. 火车十分钟后发车。 b. 以here,there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。 例1.Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。 例2.There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 c. 在时间或条件句中。 例1.When Bill comes ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。 例2.I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。 【知识拓展】 when引导的时间状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。但when引导的别的从句(如名词性从句或定语从句)中正常使用各种时态。 d. 在动词hope,take care that,make sure that等的宾语从句中。 例1. I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。 例2. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。 e.用现在进行时表示将来。下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。 例1.I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 例2.Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿待到下周吗? 易错辨析 will 用于条件句时,will表意愿 The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. 最好的运动是你喜欢并且愿意做的运动。 be going to 用于条件句时,be going to表将来 If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it as soon as possible. be to do 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排) be going to 表示主观的打算或计划 I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排) 一、短文填空 1.(24-25·辽宁·锦州·二模)It (make) you feel relaxed soon. 二、选择填空: 2.(2024·安徽·宿州·二模) — I ________ Mount Huangshan with my parents.     — Really? I really admire you. Have a good time! A.was visiting B.have visited C.will visit D.visited 3.(2024·江苏·宿迁·三模) —Do you think ________ more pollution in a few years? —Yes! So we must do something to save the earth. A.there is B.there will have C.there are D.there will be 4.(2024·河北·石家庄·三模) —We ________ to Hebei Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. —That’s amazing. A.went B.will go C.go D.have gone 考点四 现在进行时 1. 现在进行时的定义和构成 谓语动词的定义: 现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。 The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。 The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。 We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。 谓语动词的构成:+doing 2.动词变现在分词的变化规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ing try→trying; cry→crying 以不发音的e结尾的动词, 去掉e,加­ing hate→hating;date→dating 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词, 双写辅音字母加­ing regret→regretting;ban→banning 3.现在进行的具体用法 A. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. C. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动。 I’m leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了) We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了) 在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况: (1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。 They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。 (2)以look,listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。 Listen! She is singing an English song. 听,她正在唱英语歌。 (3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week,these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。 We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。 Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 4.现在进行的特殊用法 名师提醒:有些动词不用于进行时态,常见的有: 1. 感觉类:look, feel, smell, sound, taste, hear 2. 情感类:like ,love, prefer, admire, hate, fear, adore等。 3. 心态类:hope, wish, want, need, expect, believe, think ,understand, agree, know, remember等。 I love my dad and mom. 我爱我的爸爸妈妈。 These books belong to Jim.这些书属于吉姆。 1.(2024·安徽安庆·三模) —Hello, is Eric busy? —Yes, he ______ the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu. A.reads B.read C.is reading D.will read 2.(2024·安徽宿州·二模) —You know, new energy technologies in China ______ rapidly these years. —Yes, we can see lots of cars with new energy on the streets. A.are progressing B.will progress C.were progressing D.have been progressed 3.(2024·江苏南京·二模) —How time flies! Our junior high ________ to an end. —I can’t forget the happy time we have spent together. A.comes B.came C.was coming D.is coming 考点五 过去进行时 1.过去进行时的结构 结构 肯定句 主语+was/were + 现在分词 In 2022,she was studying in a university. 2022年的时候她在上大学。 否定句 主语+was/were not +现在分词 This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing his bike.昨天这个时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车。 一般疑问句 was/were + 主语+ 现在分词 肯定回答: Yes,主语+was / were. 否定回答:No,主语+wasn't / weren't. Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗? Yes,we were./No,we weren’t.是的,我们在打。/不,我们没打。 特殊疑问句 疑问词+was / were+主语+动词-ing形式 What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么? What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么? 时间标志词 then,at that time,at ten yesterday,at this time yesterday,this morning,the whole morning,all day,from nine to ten last evening,when,while等. 2.过去进行的具体用法 1)表示在过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或该动作与过去的另一动作同时发生,这一特定的过去时间通常有时间状语(从句)或由上下文来表示。 The last time I saw Jane,she was picking cotton in the fields. 我最后一次见Jane,她正在地里摘棉花。 It was raining at 6 o'clock this morning.今早六点钟时正在下雨。 2)表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态,但说话时不一定正在进行。 What was the girl doing at the time of the rainstorm? 暴风雨来临的时候,这个女孩在做什么? We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨晚7点到9点我们在看电视。 3)表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动,即按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。 用于come,go,leave,start,arrive, take off等短暂性的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作,用于某些动词。 He said that his sister was getting married next December.他说他妹妹12月结婚。 4)与always,constantly,frequently,forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复的,有一定的感情色彩。 They were always quarreling.他们老是吵架。 She was always thinking of others.她老是想到别人。 She was forever complaining.她老是抱怨。 【注意】 现在进行时也有类似用法,但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作,而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。 5)动词hope,wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉、客气。 I was wondering if you could give me a lift.我不知你能否让我搭一下车。 I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动? 1.(2024·河北邯郸·三模)I didn’t answer your phone, as I ______ a shower then. A.take B.am taking C.was taking D.will take 2.(2024·江苏常州·一模) —Why are you so worried, Xiao Lei? —Because I ________ extra lessons the whole holiday and haven’t finished my homework. A.was attending B.attended C.have attended D.attend 3.(2024·北京朝阳·二模)Mary ________ the house when her friend called her yesterday evening. A.cleans B.will clean C.is cleaning D.was cleaning 考点六 现在完成时 1.现在完成时基本结构: 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 ①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语. ②否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词)+宾语. ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语. ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词(V-ed)+其他) 2.动词变过去分词规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played→played ; discuss→discussed→discussed 以不发音的-e结尾的动词 加-d like→ liked→ liked; live →lived→ lived 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed stop→ stopped →stopped; plan →planned →planned; skip →skipped→ skipped; occur→ occurred →occurred; 3.现在完成时的具体用法 ①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语:already,so far,never,just,before,recently,for a long time,in the past/last few years等。 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. 在过去的10年中我们的城市发生了很大变化。 ②现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示),常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用,谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如: He has lived here since 1990. 自从1990年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1990年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。) 注意:for和since的用法。 ①for + 时间段 译为:……时间 ②since + 过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来) ③since + 时间段 + ago ④since + 从句(过去时) ⑤It is + 时间段 + since + 从句(过去时) 注意:瞬间动词(buy, die, join, lose...)与for 或since引导的时间段连用时,要改变成延续性动词。变化如下:   come/arrive/reach/get to→be in    go out→be out    finish→be over    open→be open    die→be dead    buy→have    Fall ill→be ill    Come back→be back   Put on→be on/wear    worry→be worried    Catch a cold→have a cold ③现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作。 Please return the book to me when you have finished it.当你读完这本书请归还给我。 4.现在完成时的特殊句式 用于现在完成时的固定句型: 1. 在“It/This is/will be the first/second/third ... time+that从句”中,从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。 This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. 这是我们第一次作为一家人在电影院看电影。 2.It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已经……”。 It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university. 我大学毕业已十年了。 【名师提醒】 1. 注意避免思维定式:一看到for+时间段,就用动词的现在完成时态。一定要看语境强调是“该动作曾经做过多长时间”(一般过去时),还是“该动作已经做完多长时间”(现在完成时)。 2.非延续性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, join, die, buy, borrow等的完成时,在肯定句中不能与for引出的时间段,since+时间点或how long等状语连用,要转化为相应的延续性动词才能与一段时间连用。 [误]I have bought the car for a year. [正]I have kept the car for a year. 这辆车我买了有一年了。 1.(24-25·辽宁·大连·一模)Since 1912, many more countries (take) part in the Olympic Games. After more than a century, the Olympic Rings remain a powerful symbol of the event. 2.(24-25·辽宁·鞍山·二模)These achievements show that China (make) great progress in the development of humanoid robots. 3.(24-25·辽宁·铁岭·三模)Confucius’ ideas (be) around in people’s everyday lives since they appeared. 4.(24-25辽宁·沈阳·期中)Recently, air taxis (take) a big step forward. 考点七 易混淆时态辨析 1.一般现在时态与现在进行时态 一般现在时态 现在进行时态 概念 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示主语具备的性格和能力,或陈述客观真理 表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作 构成 ①主语+be+其他 ②主语+实义动词+其他 ③主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他 主语+be (am,is,are)+v.-ing+其他 时间状语或标志词 always,usually,often,sometimes, every day/week/ month/ year..,on Sunday, in the morning等 now,right now,at the moment, today,these days,look,listen, It’s...o’clock.等 表示情感、意识(如want,like,know等)以及表示“有”的have等动词,一般不用于现在进行时,但可用于一般现在时 例:I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。 My brother usually gets up at 6 o’clock 我弟弟通常在六点起床。 Alice doesn’t like playing soccer. 艾丽斯不喜欢踢足球。 The moon goes around the earth. 月球绕着地球转。 Tom is walking to school now. 汤姆现在正步行去学校。 My grandmother is exercising in the park 我姥姥正在公园里锻炼。 My brother is always working hard. 我哥哥一直学习很努力。 2.一般过去时与过去进行时 一般过去时侧重说明过去发生的动作的事实,往往已经完成。 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,侧重强调动作的持续,一般还没有完成。 例1. They built a skyscraper. 他们建了一座摩天大楼。(已经完成) 例2. They were building a skyscraper.他们正在建一座摩天大楼。(没有完成) 例3. He took exercise after he got up.起床后他去锻炼身体了。 例4. He was taking exercise when he met Mr Smith.他在锻炼身体时碰到了史密斯先生。 3.一般过去时与现在完成时 ①侧重点不同 现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去,但它们所强调的重点不同:现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响;而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间,即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果,而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。如: I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。(现在我仍记得电影的内容) I saw the film three days ago. 三天前我看了这部电影。(强调是三天前,而不是别的什么时候看的电影) Mr Green has bought a new computer. 格林先生买了一台新电脑。(着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑) Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday. 格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天) ②时间状语不同 现在完成时常与already,yet,just,ever,never,before等副词以及"for+段时间","since+过去时间/从句"等时间状语连用;而一般过去时则常与"时间段+ago",just now,yesterday,last week等表示过去的时间状语连用。如: She has lived here since two years ago. 她两年前就住在这里了。 She lived here two years ago. 两年前她住在这里。 He has been in the League for three years. 他入团已经三年了。 Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信。 1.(2024·四川雅安·三模)In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A.had made B.was making C.has made D.is making 2.(2024·江苏镇江·二模)—All the students ________ a lot in the last 3 years of junior high. —Yes, in many ways, especially their values on love and respect. A.were changing B.had changed C.are changing D.have changed 3.(2024·江苏常州·三模)—What a beautiful bike! How long have you ________ it? —For just three days. A.bought B.had C.received D.hired 4.(2024·江苏扬州·三模)—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa. —He is so brave! I wonder ________. A.how long he has been to Africa B.whether he has gone to Africa before C.how many times he has been in Africa D.how soon he will return from Africa 一、语篇填空 1.(24-25·辽宁·铁岭·三模)Confucius started a school to spread his ideas. He believed that everyone should have a chance to learn. This idea (change) the way people thought about education at that time. 2.(24-25辽宁·本溪·开学考试)When Ziqi (die), Boya played his guqin for the last time in front Ziqi’s tomb (坟墓). 3.(24-25辽宁·沈阳·开学考试)Last August, The Conversation reported that scientists (find) microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. 4. (24-25·辽宁·抚顺·二模)Unlike regular uniforms, the uniform still has the name of the child who________(own) it before him. 5.(24-25·辽宁·大连·模拟预测) Huang Tsingz is a student from QSI International School of Shenzhen. She __________ (win) the gold award not long ago for her creative oil painting in the 2024 Forbes (福布斯) China Youth Artists 100 Competition (竞赛). (2021·山东·淄博·一模) My life was perfect when I was twelve years old. I had a big family, 6 (include) my sister, Chrissy, and a little brother, Patrick, whom I loved greatly. Spring was coming, and I was 7 (excite) about another summer with Grandma. She and I had great fun together last summer. She was retiring this year, so that meant more time with her. Then, 8 April 11, 2017, at 10:00 P.M., we were all going to bed when the phone 9 (ring). My uncle was calling to say that Grandpa had just taken Grandma to the hospital... The next morning, I was 10 (tell) that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease. I tried to be strong, but even my father cried. I hadn’t even said goodbye 11 her. I couldn’t control my feelings anymore and began to cry 12 (loud). It finally hit me: She was gone forever. All she had left me were 13 (memory) in the garden which the hours we spent planting flowers and taking care of 14 (they). I believe that my grandma is a star watching over me, and she would have wanted me 15 (be) strong and happy like her, even though there are bad times. My family and friends love me for who I am and support me for what I do, as I know my grandma would, too. 二、完形填空 (2025·辽宁本溪·模拟预测) Three men who were stranded (被困住) on a Pacific island for ten days were successfully saved on April 9, 2024, thanks to their 16 “HELP” sign made with palm fronds (棕榈叶). The three men’s 17 experience began on March 31 when they set out to fish from Polowat Island. About 115 miles into their journey, a huge wave hit and broke their fishing boat. Luckily, the fishers 18 to get to a small island. They couldn’t call for help 19 their radio had run out of power. To make things worse, there was nobody else on the island. On April 6, the three men’s niece found that her three uncles had not 20 to their home as expected, so she called the police to report them missing. The 21 for the three fishers started soon. But poor weather conditions and limited resources (有限的资源) in the area made the searching 22 . With the help and support of the locals living near the island, they carefully searched an area of over 100,000 miles. Finally, they 23 the large sign “HELP” on the white sand. “Their smart act was very important in guiding the police directly to their location,” said the police. The fishers had been living off coconut meat and fresh water 24 a small well on the island. And they were all in good health. After finding them, the police first 25 some emergency supplies (应急物资) from the plane and reported their location. The three men were picked up and sent to their loved ones shortly after. 16.A.interesting B.smart C.active D.polite 17.A.funny B.normal C.helpful D.painful 18.A.compared B.preferred C.managed D.remembered 19.A.because B.and C.unless D.although 20.A.explained B.talked C.belonged D.returned 21.A.report B.need C.search D.order 22.A.difficult B.meaningless C.important D.unexpected 23.A.fixed B.offered C.discovered D.bought 24.A.out B.for C.from D.about 25.A.shared B.dropped C.required D.produced 1 / 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题06 谓语动词的时态(复习讲义)(辽宁专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题06 谓语动词的时态(复习讲义)(辽宁专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题06 谓语动词的时态(复习讲义)(辽宁专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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