精品解析：上海市市西初级中学2025-2026学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试卷

2025学年第一学期期末八年级英语试卷 (满分120分) Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力) I. Listening Comprehension (共30分) A. Listen and choose the right pictures (根据你所听到的内容，选出相应的图片): (5分) 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5 A. B. C. B. Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question (根据你听到的对话，选出最恰当的答案) (5分) 6. A. Cash and coins. B. Facial recognition. C. Credit cards. 7. A. Only textbooks. B. VR headsets. C. Paper maps. 8. A. Clean the house. B. Fly to the moon. C. Fold laundry. 9. A. Solar energy. B. Gasoline. C. Coal. 10. A. Oil. B. Water. C. Wind. C. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question (根据你听到的短文，选出最恰当的答案): (10分) 11. What did Lily want to try out on the sunny afternoon? A. A virtual reality headset. B. A concert ticket. C A swimming suit. 12. Where was Lily transported to right after putting on the headset? A. An underwater world. B. A movie theater. C. A concert hall. 13. What was Lily doing when she felt the music vibrating? A. Sitting in her living room. B. Dancing and singing at the virtual concert. C. Swimming with fish in the underwater world. 14. What did Lily see in the virtual underwater world? A. Cheering people and a band. B. Colourful fish and coral reefs. C. Popcorn and music equipment. 15. What does the passage mainly tell us about? A. How to use a virtual reality headset correctly. B. Lily's amazıng virtual experiences with a new headset. C The differences between real and virtual concerts. D. Listen to the passage and complete the form. (根据听到的短文内容完成表格。每空不超过三个词。)：(10分) Life in the Future Topic Details Future Technology People will use robots to help with 16.________. Transportation In the future, 17. ________ and self-driving vehicles will exist. Education 18. ________ and AI tutors will help students learn at home. Work People may work 19. ________. Balance It's important to balance 20. ________ with human interaction. Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分 语法和词汇) II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，每题只有一个正确答案) (共10分) Using science to make the world a better place A science project can be a job or a fun hobby. But doing research can also be a chance to help others and make the world a better place. Here’s an interview with two teen scientists who ____1____ this year’s science competition, Sally and Allen. ◆Can you introduce your project? Sally: I made a litter-collecting robot. The machine is powered by the sun’s energy. It can not only find litter but also put litter into different groups. Allen: I developed ____2____ app to recommend songs. It records someone’s heart rate while listening to music. The information ____3____ recommend other music that can help the person relax. ◆____4____ did you get the idea to start the project? Sally: When I volunteered at our local litter clean-up, I saw ____5____ the pollution was, and I knew that I had to fix this problem. Allen: When people are listening to my music, they all have different feelings. So that’s where I got the idea to start this project. ◆What was your favourite part of this project? Sally: Building the robot. I have never had any experience in robotics before, so it was a completely new experience. Allen: My favourite part was finding out proper music. It was ____6____ that I really liked. ◆Any advice ____7____ science project beginners? Sally: Follow the scientific rules. It might seem difficult at times. ____8____ you stick to this and change just one variable (变量) at a time you’ll finally make it. Allen: Don’t be afraid of ____9____ mistakes. Everyone’s worried, “Oh no, what if I mess this up?” ____10____, making mistakes is part of learning. 1. A. joined B. took part in C. attended 2. A. a B. an C. the 3. A. is used for B. is used to C. used to 4. A. What B. Why C. How 5. A. how serious B. what serious C. how seriously 6. A. something B. everything C. anything 7. A. about B. with C. for 8. A. Until B. Unless C. If 9. A. make B. making C. to make 10. A. In addition B. As a result C. In fact Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once.(将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个只能填一次) 将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每个只能填一次。 A. certain B. figured out C. unfamiliar D. disturbing E. security It was a bright morning in 2065. Alex woke up as sunlight gently entered his room through smart windows. He ____11____ his schedule for the day by tapping a small device on his wrist. To his surprise, the screen showed an important message: “Science Fair Project Due Today!” He hurried to the virtual science fair where students used holograms to present inventions. Alex demonstrated his idea: a special tree that could produce fresh air for polluted cities, aiming to improve environmental ____12____ for citizens. Suddenly, his device informed him with a ____13____ warning—a storm was approaching. Confidently, Alex activated the special tree. The tree linked its bio-energy with the city’s prevention system. The storm passed harmlessly. Alex smiled because it was ____14____ that his tree helped prevent the storm from causing damage. IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给词的适当形式填空) (4分) What will life be like in 50 years? Many scientists make ____15____ (predict) about it. I like to imagine a future where robots assist us with household chores and shopping. We will live in smart houses. These houses will ____16____ (like) have robots to do the shopping and housework automatically. However, keeping our planet clean will be ____17____ (challenge), but it’s one of our most important tasks. Living in a more environmentally friendly way will be essential, and I believe it is ____18____ (possible) for us to fail if we work together to protect the Earth. I am confident that we can create a wonderful future. IV. Complete the following sentences as required (根据所给要求完成句子): (12分) A: Let’s discuss the presentation about Shanghai we are going to make. B: All right ________19________? (对时间提问) A: We are going to give the presentation next Thursday. Do you have any ideas? B: ________20________ we can introduce our favourite local snacks. (补全句子，表示可能性) A: ________21________. (表示不同意) We should focus on something big. Why not talk about changes that have happened in Shanghai? B: That’s great. In the past, there were many old buildings, but now they have disappeared. A: ________22________? (询问B对这些变化的看法) B: I think everything has two sides. Tall buildings are the symbols of modern Shanghai. But old buildings have their own charm, ________23________? (补全句子，用反意疑问句) A: Exactly. We can show these changes in a vivid way. B: ________24________? (用特殊疑问句，对方式提问) A: We can present these changes through a slide show. But I am not good at making it. B: Don’t worry. Let me help you. A: Thank you. ________25________. (表示赞美) Part 3 Reading and Writing (第三部分 阅读与写作) V. Reading comprehension (阅读理解): A. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) (共5分) Hi there! Can you help me? I’m doing a project at school. The title is “Will life be better in 2100?” What do you think? Thank you for your ideas! Josh Comments a. Hi Josh! I think life will be great. People will live in “smart houses”. A central computer will control the temperature, the lights, everything! These houses will be ecological and use solar energy and recycled water. A “smart” mirror in the bathroom (that’s right, it’s a mirror with a computer!) will check your health. And guess what? Robots will cook and do the housework. Maya b. I think life will be better in 2100. Pollution is a big problem today, but will be a bigger problem in 100 years. So people won’t use cars with petrol. They will drive in electric cars on underground roads. And there will be electric buses with computers for drivers! The best thing? People will be able to travel in time. Now that will be exciting! Rosie c. Hi Josh. Life will be better in 2100—in space! People will live on the Moon and Mars in special cities. They will grow food and send it to the Earth in a huge spacecraft. Space stations will orbit the Earth and control the climate. There will also be holidays in space! How cool is that? Brandon d. Will life be different in 100 years? Yes, it will. Will life be better? No, it won’t! Climate change will cause floods and droughts. Rich people will live for a long time, maybe 200 years! But life won’t be easy for most people. They won’t have food and water. Faith e. Well, Josh, the good news is... there won’t be any schools! Students will have lessons at home on their computers. They’ll be in contact with other students all over the world in a “virtual” classroom. The bad news is...teachers will still give us homework in the future! Elliot 26. Josh’s project is mainly about ________. A. modern technology B. new inventions C. life in the future D. green lifestyle 27. The underlined word “ecological” is closest in meaning to ________. A. widely available B. environmentally friendly C. easily recognized D. completely controlled 28. ________ thinks holidays in space are a good idea. A. Maya B. Rosie C. Brandon D. Elliot 29. Rosie thinks ________ will be exciting. A. a “smart” mirror B. time travelling C. space stations D. virtual classroom 30. ________ students are quite sure that life will be better in 2100. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 B. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) (共5分) Robot fools humans The idea that robots could one day be our friends has been around for a long time but until now they have always seemed more machine than person. A new study by a researcher at the Italian Institute of Technology has found that in fact it’s possible for robots to fool us here and there, they are just less perfect than humans. Inspired by the Turing Test, Agnieszka Wykowska came up with an experiment using a child-sized human-like robot called iCub. Sitting in front of a screen, the people in the test were asked to press a button when a green box appeared on the screen, however, iCub only responded to red boxes. Wykowska programmed the robot to take different lengths of time to respond, just like a person would. Afterwards, the humans were asked to judge whether they had been competing with a machine or a person according to the time of the buttons being pressed-and they couldn’t tell. Wykowska believes that making robots have more human responses is the key to making better robots and creating more trust between humans and robots. In another study with iCub, the robot and a human watched special videos of animals. In the first set of tests, iCub greeted the person, asked for his name and kept eye contact with its camera “eyes”. It made comments about the videos, laughed and showed emotions (情感). In the second experiment, however, iCub did not communicate with humans and just made machine-like noises. The researchers found that people believe that the more human iCub is, the more it has its own thoughts and desires. The team now wants to know if people can communicate with robots that do not look human but still show human-like actions. The researchers plan to repeat the experiments, using robots of different shapes and sizes, to see how people give their responses. 31. A new study at the Italian Institute of Technology has found that robots ________. A. aren’t so clever as machines B. can possibly fool us here and there C. are more perfect than humans D. plan to do a lot of research work 32. People couldn’t tell whether they were competing with a human or an iCub according to ________. A. the green boxes people used B. the timing of the button presses C. the trust between humans and robots D. the red boxes iCub responded to 33. In the first set of another study, iCub didn’t ________ with a human. A. watch special videos of humans B. keep eye contact with its camera “eyes” C. greet the person and ask for his name D. make comments and show emotions 34. In the second experiment, people believe that if iCub is more human-like, it has ________. A. more machine-like noises B. more human-like actions C. more different shapes and sizes D. more thoughts and desires of its own 35. Which information is RIGHT in this passage? A. Robots are no longer machines and they have been our friends for a long time. B. Wykowska did some experiments but failed to find if iCub had any human responses. C. The researchers plan to do the experiment again to see how people will respond. D. In the second test, iCub didn’t communicate with humans because it became foolish. C. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) (共14分) I’d never thought about a taxi without a driver, but one stopped in front of me and invited me to unlock the door with my phone. “They’re unsafe,” said a passer-by. “Someone ____36____ got run over by a robotaxi.” He warned me to be careful. This happened in San Francisco, in the U.S. Some locals believe that the city has agreed to a ____37____ experiment. Lives are now at risk. In August 2023, the government voted to allow two robotaxi companies to ____38____ a 24-hour service. But before the vote, officials had listened to opinions from the public. Many people expressed their worries and ____39____. Many drivers were worried that robotaxis would ____40____ their jobs. Street-cleaning truck drivers said the cars often broke down and blocked the road. The San Francisco Fire Department shared the same idea, saying the situation happened 55 times a year. Others said that the technology simply hadn't been proven safe yet. But then there were its ____41____. George, a doctor in San Francisco, said, “I see how these cars behave, and I trust them more than angry or distracted (思想不集中的) drivers.” He added that he had worked on many serious injuries (创伤) caused by human drivers. So, he felt that robotaxis seemed safer. Jessie, a blind girl, said that she had been treated ____42____ by taxi drivers and that robotaxis gave her a sense of safety. There was also a mother who said that a taxi driver had once refused to take her when he saw her children’s car seats, whereas a driverless car would never do that. 36. A. safely B. nearly C. hardly D. quickly 37. A. dangerous B. safe C. simple D. useful 38. A. run B. fix C. cut D. purchase 39. A. doubts B. applications C. invitations D. hopes 40. A. laugh at B. get rid of C. take away D. learn from 41. A. supporters B. passengers C. designers D. editors 42. A. kindly B. seriously C. politely D. badly D. Read the passage and complete the task (根据短文内容完成任务) (共16分) In November 1911, a team led by Robert Falcon Scott began the journey to Antarctica, hoping to be the first to get to the South Pole (南极). However, Scott and his partners all lost their lives on the way back. Several months after their deaths, people found Scott’s diaries that described the whole journey. Monday January 15th, 1912 It is wonderful to think it is only 27 miles from the Pole. We should waste no time. Tuesday January 16th, 1912 The flag! The Norwegians (挪威人) have beaten us and arrived first at the Pole. It is a terrible disappointment, and I am very sorry for my loyal partners. Tomorrow we must march (行进) on to the Pole, and then go back home with all the speed we can manage. Wednesday January 17th, 1912 We finally arrived at the Pole. Yes, but under very different situations from those expected. We had a bad day with a strong headwind and a temperature of -22°, and my partners worked on with cold feet and hands. This is an awful and terrible place. Now for the journey home, I wonder if we can do it. Sunday January 28th, 1912 We are getting hungrier and pretty thin, but none of us are feeling tired. Though we have to carry heavy rocks, we have gone further than we expected. Friday March 16th, 1912 Titus Oates was in worse condition. He worried he would get us into more trouble and suggested we leave him behind. We wouldn't accept that offer. Yesterday morning, there was a snowstorm. He said, “I am just going outside and it may take some time.” He went out and we have not seen him since then. We knew that he was walking to his death, and we tried to stop him. But deep down we knew it was the act of a brave man. Thursday March 29th, 1912 It’s the worst snowstorm I’ve ever seen. I do not think we can hope for any better things now. We shall stick it to the end but we are getting weaker. It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more. Scott’s diaries are kept in the British Museum. The scientific data (资料) his team collected as well as the twenty kilos of rocks they carried all the way proved that at one time in the ancient past, Antarctica was covered by plants. Task 1: Answer the questions. 43. When did Scott's team start their journey to Antarctica? _______________________________________________________________ 44. Why did Scott and his partners feel disappointed on January 16th, 1912? _______________________________________________________________ 45. What was the weather like when Scott’s team arrived at the South Pole? _______________________________________________________________ 46. Why did Titus Oates suggest leaving him behind? _______________________________________________________________ 47. What did the scientific data and rocks collected by Scott's team prove? _______________________________________________________________ Task 2: 48. Read Scott’s diary entry on Friday March 16th, 1912. Suppose you were Titus Oates. Write a note to your team members to tell them your thoughts and decision before leaving the team. (Write about 30 words.) Dear partners, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Titus Oates E. Translation (翻译) (共6分) 49. 人们已经弄清了如何飞翔。(figure) __________________________________________________________ 50. 帽子将会兼作音乐播放器吗? (double) __________________________________________________________ 51. 他们决定挂上将来城市的画作。(put up) __________________________________________________________ VII. Writing (作文) (14分) 52. Write at least 60 words according to the situation given. (请根据所给情境，写一篇不少于60个词的短文。标点符号不占格。) 学校科技节将举办“未来生活畅想”征文活动，邀请同学们描绘几十年后可能出现的场景。请你以“Life in 2050”为题写一篇短文，需包含以下内容： (1)描述1—2项未来科技(如交通/家居/教育)； (2)这些科技给人类生活带来什么好处或潜在问题； (3)表达对未来的期待或提出建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期期末八年级英语试卷 (满分120分) Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力) I. Listening Comprehension (共30分) A. Listen and choose the right pictures (根据你所听到的内容，选出相应的图片): (5分) 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. B. Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question (根据你听到的对话，选出最恰当的答案) (5分) 6. A. Cash and coins. B. Facial recognition. C. Credit cards. 7. A. Only textbooks. B. VR headsets. C. Paper maps. 8. A. Clean the house. B. Fly to the moon. C. Fold laundry. 9. A. Solar energy. B. Gasoline. C. Coal. 10. A. Oil. B. Water. C. Wind. C. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question (根据你听到的短文，选出最恰当的答案): (10分) 11. What did Lily want to try out on the sunny afternoon? A. A virtual reality headset. B. A concert ticket. C. A swimming suit. 12. Where was Lily transported to right after putting on the headset? A. An underwater world. B. A movie theater. C. A concert hall. 13. What was Lily doing when she felt the music vibrating? A. Sitting in her living room. B. Dancing and singing at the virtual concert. C. Swimming with fish in the underwater world. 14. What did Lily see in the virtual underwater world? A. Cheering people and a band. B. Colourful fish and coral reefs. C. Popcorn and music equipment. 15. What does the passage mainly tell us about? A. How to use a virtual reality headset correctly. B. Lily's amazıng virtual experiences with a new headset. C The differences between real and virtual concerts. D. Listen to the passage and complete the form. (根据听到的短文内容完成表格。每空不超过三个词。)：(10分) Life in the Future Topic Details Future Technology People will use robots to help with 16.________. Transportation In the future, 17. ________ and self-driving vehicles will exist. Education 18. ________ and AI tutors will help students learn at home. Work People may work 19. ________. Balance It's important to balance 20. ________ with human interaction. Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分 语法和词汇) II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，每题只有一个正确答案) (共10分) Using science to make the world a better place A science project can be a job or a fun hobby. But doing research can also be a chance to help others and make the world a better place. Here’s an interview with two teen scientists who ____1____ this year’s science competition, Sally and Allen. ◆Can you introduce your project? Sally: I made a litter-collecting robot. The machine is powered by the sun’s energy. It can not only find litter but also put litter into different groups. Allen: I developed ____2____ app to recommend songs. It records someone’s heart rate while listening to music. The information ____3____ recommend other music that can help the person relax. ◆____4____ did you get the idea to start the project? Sally: When I volunteered at our local litter clean-up, I saw ____5____ the pollution was, and I knew that I had to fix this problem. Allen: When people are listening to my music, they all have different feelings. So that’s where I got the idea to start this project. ◆What was your favourite part of this project? Sally: Building the robot. I have never had any experience in robotics before, so it was a completely new experience. Allen: My favourite part was finding out proper music. It was ____6____ that I really liked. ◆Any advice ____7____ science project beginners? Sally: Follow the scientific rules. It might seem difficult at times. ____8____ you stick to this and change just one variable (变量) at a time, you’ll finally make it. Allen: Don’t be afraid of ____9____ mistakes. Everyone’s worried, “Oh no, what if I mess this up?” ____10____, making mistakes is part of learning. 1. A. joined B. took part in C. attended 2. A. a B. an C. the 3. A. is used for B. is used to C. used to 4. A. What B. Why C. How 5. A. how serious B. what serious C. how seriously 6. A. something B. everything C. anything 7. A. about B. with C. for 8. A. Until B. Unless C. If 9. A. make B. making C. to make 10. A. In addition B. As a result C. In fact 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇访谈录。文章通过采访两位青少年科学家，介绍了他们为改善世界而进行的科学项目及其背后的想法、收获与建议。 【1题详解】 句意：这是对参加了今年科学竞赛的两位青少年科学家Sally和Allen的采访。 joined加入，指成为一员；took part in参加，指参与活动；attended出席，参加会议等。根据“this year’s science competition”可知，此处指“参加”竞赛，应用短语“took part in”。故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：我开发了一个推荐歌曲的应用程序。 a一个，泛指；an一个，泛指（用于元音音素开头的词前）；the这个，特指。根据“I developed...app to recommend songs”可知，此处是首次提及一个应用程序，应用不定冠词；且“app”发音以元音音素开头，故用“an”。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：这个信息被用来推荐其他能帮助这个人放松的音乐。 is used for被用于（后接名词或动名词）；is used to被用来（后接动词原形）；used to过去常常。根据“The information...recommend other music”可知，空后是动词原形“recommend”，且信息是被使用的，应用短语“is used to”。故选B。 【4题详解】 句意：你是怎么想到开始这个项目的？ What什么；Why为什么；How怎样。根据下文Sally回答“When I volunteered...”和Allen回答“When people are listening...”可知，问题是在询问想法的来源或方式，应用“How”。故选C。 【5题详解】 句意：当我参加我们当地的垃圾清理志愿活动时，我看到了污染有多么严重，并且我知道我必须解决这个问题。 how serious多么严重，形容词；what serious错误搭配；how seriously多么严重地，副词。根据“I saw...the pollution was”可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语，形容污染的程度；应用形容词“how serious”。故选A。 【6题详解】 句意：那是我真正喜欢的东西。 something某事，某物；everything每件事物；anything任何事物。根据“It was...that I really liked”可知，强调的是“某样东西(something)”是我喜欢的。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：对科学项目初学者有什么建议吗？ about关于；with和……一起；for对于。根据“Any advice...science project beginners?”可知，这是“给”或“对于”初学者的建议；应用介词“for”。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：如果你坚持这一点并且一次只改变一个变量，你最终会成功的。 Until直到……为止；Unless除非；If如果。根据“you stick to this and change just one variable at a time, you’ll finally make it”可知，这是一个条件句，表示假设；应用“If”连接。故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：不要害怕犯错误。 make制造，犯（错误），动词原形；making制造，动名词；to make去制造，不定式。根据“Don’t be afraid of...mistakes”可知，介词“of”后应接动名词“making”作宾语。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：事实上，犯错误是学习的一部分。 In addition此外；As a result结果；In fact事实上。根据“Everyone’s worried, ‘Oh no, what if I mess this up?’...making mistakes is part of learning.”可知，后句是对前句普遍担忧的转折或修正说明；应用“In fact”表示“事实上”。故选C。 Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once.(将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个只能填一次) 将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每个只能填一次。 A. certain B. figured out C. unfamiliar D. disturbing E. security It was a bright morning in 2065. Alex woke up as sunlight gently entered his room through smart windows. He ____11____ his schedule for the day by tapping a small device on his wrist. To his surprise, the screen showed an important message: “Science Fair Project Due Today!” He hurried to the virtual science fair where students used holograms to present inventions. Alex demonstrated his idea: a special tree that could produce fresh air for polluted cities, aiming to improve environmental ____12____ for citizens. Suddenly, his device informed him with a ____13____ warning—a storm was approaching. Confidently, Alex activated the special tree. The tree linked its bio-energy with the city’s prevention system. The storm passed harmlessly. Alex smiled because it was ____14____ that his tree helped prevent the storm from causing damage. 【答案】11. B 12. E 13. D 14. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在2065年，主人公Alex在科学展览会上展示能改善城市空气质量的特殊树木项目，并在暴风雨来临时利用它保护城市的故事。 【11题详解】 句意：他通过轻触手腕上的一个小设备查明了当天的日程。根据“He...his schedule for the day by tapping a small device”可知，句子缺少谓语动词，描述Alex通过设备进行的动作；选用figure out“弄清楚，查明”的过去式figured out。故填B。 【12题详解】 句意：Alex展示了他的想法：一种能为污染城市生产新鲜空气的特殊树木，旨在改善市民的环境安全。根据“aiming to improve environmental...for citizens”可知，空格位于形容词“environmental”之后，作“improve”的宾语，应填入一个名词；选用security“安全”。故填E。 【13题详解】 句意：突然，他的设备用一个令人不安的警告通知了他——一场风暴正在逼近。根据“informed him with a...warning”可知，空格位于不定冠词“a”和名词“warning”之间，应用形容词修饰“warning”；选用disturbing“令人不安的，烦扰的”。故填D。 14题详解】 句意：Alex笑了，因为他的树确实帮助防止了风暴造成损害。根据“it was...that his tree helped prevent the storm”可知，句子为“It is/was...that...”强调句型，空格处需填入形容词，表示“确定的、无疑的”；选用certain“肯定的，确定的”。故填A。 IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给词的适当形式填空) (4分) What will life be like in 50 years? Many scientists make ____15____ (predict) about it. I like to imagine a future where robots assist us with household chores and shopping. We will live in smart houses. These houses will ____16____ (like) have robots to do the shopping and housework automatically. However, keeping our planet clean will be ____17____ (challenge), but it’s one of our most important tasks. Living in a more environmentally friendly way will be essential, and I believe it is ____18____ (possible) for us to fail if we work together to protect the Earth. I am confident that we can create a wonderful future. 【答案】15. predictions 16. likely 17. challenging 18. impossible 【解析】 【导语】本文畅想50年后的生活，提及机器人助力生活、智能住宅，也指出环保挑战，强调携手保护地球可创美好未来。 【15题详解】 句意：许多科学家对此做出预测。predict“预测”，动词；make是及物动词，后接名词作宾语，predict的名词形式是prediction，此处表示泛指，用复数形式predictions。故填predictions。 【16题详解】 句意：这些房子很可能会有机器人自动购物和做家务。like“喜欢；像”，动词或介词；此处需要用副词修饰动词have，like的副词形式是likely，意为“很可能”。故填likely。 【17题详解】 句意：然而，保持地球清洁将是具有挑战性的，但这是我们最重要的任务之一。challenge“挑战”，名词或动词；be动词后接形容词作表语，用来描述“keeping our planet clean”这件事的性质，challenge的形容词形式是challenging，意为“具有挑战性的”。故填challenging。 【18题详解】 句意：以更环保的方式生活将至关重要，而且我相信，如果我们共同努力保护地球，我们就不可能失败。possible“可能的”，形容词；根据“if we work together to protect the Earth”可知，此处表示“不可能的”，possible的反义词是impossible。故填impossible。 IV. Complete the following sentences as required (根据所给要求完成句子): (12分) A: Let’s discuss the presentation about Shanghai we are going to make. B: All right. ________19________? (对时间提问) A: We are going to give the presentation next Thursday. Do you have any ideas? B: ________20________ we can introduce our favourite local snacks. (补全句子，表示可能性) A: ________21________. (表示不同意) We should focus on something big. Why not talk about changes that have happened in Shanghai? B: That’s great. In the past, there were many old buildings, but now they have disappeared. A: ________22________? (询问B对这些变化的看法) B: I think everything has two sides. Tall buildings are the symbols of modern Shanghai. But old buildings have their own charm, ________23________? (补全句子，用反意疑问句) A: Exactly. We can show these changes in a vivid way. B: ________24________? (用特殊疑问句，对方式提问) A: We can present these changes through a slide show. But I am not good at making it. B: Don’t worry. Let me help you. A: Thank you. ________25________. (表示赞美) 【答案】19. When are we going to give the presentation 20. Maybe/Perhaps 21. I don’t agree 22. What do you think of these changes 23. don’t they 24. How can we present these changes 25. You’re so helpful 【解析】 【导语】本文是一段对话，两人讨论将要做的关于上海的展示，交流展示时间、内容、方式等，还谈及上海变化的两面性。 【19题详解】 根据“We are going to give the presentation next Thursday.”可知，此处是询问做展示的时间，故填When are we going to give the presentation。 【20题详解】 根据“we can introduce our favourite local snacks”可知，此处是表达可以介绍本地小吃的可能性，故填Maybe/Perhaps。 【21题详解】 根据“We should focus on something big.”可知，此处是不同意对方介绍小吃的提议，故填I don’t agree。 【22题详解】 根据“I think everything has two sides.”可知，此处是询问对方对上海变化的看法，故填What do you think of these changes。 【23题详解】 根据“But old buildings have their own charm”可知，此处是对前半句陈述句进行反意疑问，前半句是肯定句，谓语动词为have，主语old buildings是复数，故填don’t they。 【24题详解】 根据“We can present these changes through a slide show.”可知，此处是询问展示这些变化的方式，故填How can we present these changes。 【25题详解】 根据“Don’t worry. Let me help you.”可知，此处是赞美对方乐于助人，故填You’re so helpful。 Part 3 Reading and Writing (第三部分 阅读与写作) V. Reading comprehension (阅读理解): A. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) (共5分) Hi there! Can you help me? I’m doing a project at school. The title is “Will life be better in 2100?” What do you think? Thank you for your ideas! Josh Comments a. Hi Josh! I think life will be great. People will live in “smart houses”. A central computer will control the temperature, the lights, everything! These houses will be ecological and use solar energy and recycled water. A “smart” mirror in the bathroom (that’s right, it’s a mirror with a computer!) will check your health. And guess what? Robots will cook and do the housework. Maya b. I think life will be better in 2100. Pollution is a big problem today, but will be a bigger problem in 100 years. So people won’t use cars with petrol. They will drive in electric cars on underground roads. And there will be electric buses with computers for drivers! The best thing? People will be able to travel in time. Now that will be exciting! Rosie c. Hi Josh. Life will be better in 2100—in space! People will live on the Moon and Mars in special cities. They will grow food and send it to the Earth in a huge spacecraft. Space stations will orbit the Earth and control the climate. There will also be holidays in space! How cool is that? Brandon d. Will life be different in 100 years? Yes, it will. Will life be better? No, it won’t! Climate change will cause floods and droughts. Rich people will live for a long time, maybe 200 years! But life won’t be easy for most people. They won’t have food and water. Faith e. Well, Josh, the good news is... there won’t be any schools! Students will have lessons at home on their computers. They’ll be in contact with other students all over the world in a “virtual” classroom. The bad news is...teachers will still give us homework in the future! Elliot 26. Josh’s project is mainly about ________. A. modern technology B. new inventions C. life in the future D. green lifestyle 27. The underlined word “ecological” is closest in meaning to ________. A. widely available B. environmentally friendly C. easily recognized D. completely controlled 28. ________ thinks holidays in space are a good idea. A. Maya B. Rosie C. Brandon D. Elliot 29. Rosie thinks ________ will be exciting. A. a “smart” mirror B. time travelling C. space stations D. virtual classroom 30. ________ students are quite sure that life will be better in 2100. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 【答案】26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述乔希就课题“2100年生活是否更美好”征集观点，五人分别从科技、环保、太空等方面给出不同看法。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The title is ‘Will life be better in 2100?’”可知，乔希的课题主要是关于未来的生活，故选C。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“use solar energy and recycled water”可知，这种房子使用太阳能和循环水，是环保，因此“ecological”的意思最接近“环境友好的”，故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There will also be holidays in space! How cool is that? Brandon”可知，布兰登认为太空度假是个好主意，故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“People will be able to travel in time. Now that will be exciting! Rosie”可知，罗西认为时间旅行会很令人兴奋，故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据Maya、Brandon、Rosie的表述可知他们三人认为2100年的生活将会更美好，Faith认为不会，Elliot的表述中未明确表明生活是否更好，因此有3名学生明确认为生活将更美好，故选B。 B. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) (共5分) Robot fools humans The idea that robots could one day be our friends has been around for a long time but until now they have always seemed more machine than person. A new study by a researcher at the Italian Institute of Technology has found that in fact it’s possible for robots to fool us here and there, they are just less perfect than humans. Inspired by the Turing Test, Agnieszka Wykowska came up with an experiment using a child-sized human-like robot called iCub. Sitting in front of a screen, the people in the test were asked to press a button when a green box appeared on the screen, however, iCub only responded to red boxes. Wykowska programmed the robot to take different lengths of time to respond, just like a person would. Afterwards, the humans were asked to judge whether they had been competing with a machine or a person according to the time of the buttons being pressed-and they couldn’t tell. Wykowska believes that making robots have more human responses is the key to making better robots and creating more trust between humans and robots. In another study with iCub, the robot and a human watched special videos of animals. In the first set of tests, iCub greeted the person, asked for his name and kept eye contact with its camera “eyes”. It made comments about the videos, laughed and showed emotions (情感). In the second experiment, however, iCub did not communicate with humans and just made machine-like noises. The researchers found that people believe that the more human iCub is, the more it has its own thoughts and desires. The team now wants to know if people can communicate with robots that do not look human but still show human-like actions. The researchers plan to repeat the experiments, using robots of different shapes and sizes, to see how people give their responses. 31. A new study at the Italian Institute of Technology has found that robots ________. A. aren’t so clever as machines B. can possibly fool us here and there C. are more perfect than humans D. plan to do a lot of research work 32. People couldn’t tell whether they were competing with a human or an iCub according to ________. A. the green boxes people used B. the timing of the button presses C. the trust between humans and robots D. the red boxes iCub responded to 33. In the first set of another study, iCub didn’t ________ with a human. A. watch special videos of humans B. keep eye contact with its camera “eyes” C. greet the person and ask for his name D. make comments and show emotions 34. In the second experiment, people believe that if iCub is more human-like, it has ________. A. more machine-like noises B. more human-like actions C. more different shapes and sizes D. more thoughts and desires of its own 35. Which information is RIGHT in this passage? A. Robots are no longer machines and they have been our friends for a long time. B. Wykowska did some experiments but failed to find if iCub had any human responses. C. The researchers plan to do the experiment again to see how people will respond. D. In the second test iCub didn’t communicate with humans because it became foolish. 【答案】31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍两项关于机器人iCub的研究，表明机器人可偶尔骗过人类，类人化表现易获认可，团队计划进一步实验。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A new study by a researcher at the Italian Institute of Technology has found that in fact it’s possible for robots to fool us here and there”可知，意大利理工学院的一项新研究发现机器人有可能时不时骗过人类，故选B。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Afterwards, the humans were asked to judge whether they had been competing with a machine or a person according to the time of the buttons being pressed-and they couldn’t tell.”可知，人们无法根据按键的时间判断对手是人类还是机器人iCub，故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In the first set of tests, iCub greeted the person, asked for his name and kept eye contact with its camera ‘eyes’. It made comments about the videos, laughed and showed emotions (情感).”可知，在另一项研究的第一组测试中，iCub没有和人类一起观看人类的特殊视频，它看的是动物的特殊视频，故选A。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The researchers found that people believe that the more human iCub is, the more it has its own thoughts and desires.”可知，研究人员发现人们认为iCub越像人类，就越有自己的想法和欲望，故选D。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The researchers plan to repeat the experiments, using robots of different shapes and sizes, to see how people give their responses.”可知，研究人员计划重复实验，观察人们的反应，该信息表述正确，故选C。 C. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) (共14分) I’d never thought about a taxi without a driver, but one stopped in front of me and invited me to unlock the door with my phone. “They’re unsafe,” said a passer-by. “Someone ____36____ got run over by a robotaxi.” He warned me to be careful. This happened in San Francisco, in the U.S. Some locals believe that the city has agreed to a ____37____ experiment. Lives are now at risk. In August 2023, the government voted to allow two robotaxi companies to ____38____ a 24-hour service. But before the vote, officials had listened to opinions from the public. Many people expressed their worries and ____39____. Many drivers were worried that robotaxis would ____40____ their jobs. Street-cleaning truck drivers said the cars often broke down and blocked the road. The San Francisco Fire Department shared the same idea, saying the situation happened 55 times a year. Others said that the technology simply hadn't been proven safe yet. But then there were its ____41____. George, a doctor in San Francisco, said, “I see how these cars behave, and I trust them more than angry or distracted (思想不集中的) drivers.” He added that he had worked on many serious injuries (创伤) caused by human drivers. So, he felt that robotaxis seemed safer. Jessie, a blind girl, said that she had been treated ____42____ by taxi drivers and that robotaxis gave her a sense of safety. There was also a mother who said that a taxi driver had once refused to take her when he saw her children’s car seats, whereas a driverless car would never do that. 36. A. safely B. nearly C. hardly D. quickly 37. A. dangerous B. safe C. simple D. useful 38. A. run B. fix C. cut D. purchase 39. A. doubts B. applications C. invitations D. hopes 40. A. laugh at B. get rid of C. take away D. learn from 41. A. supporters B. passengers C. designers D. editors 42. A. kindly B. seriously C. politely D. badly 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C 41. A 42. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了旧金山引入全天候无人驾驶出租车引发的争议。文章呈现了当地居民、政府、司机以及特殊群体对这一新技术的不同看法。 【36题详解】 句意：“它们不安全，” 一个路人说，“有人差点被一辆无人驾驶出租车撞到。” safely安全地；nearly几乎；hardly几乎不；quickly快速地。根据“They’re unsafe”以及“He warned me to be careful”可知，这是一个警示性的例子，表示危险几乎发生。故选B。 【37题详解】 句意：一些当地居民认为，这座城市同意了一项危险的实验。 dangerous危险的；safe安全的；simple简单的；useful有用的。根据“Lives are now at risk.”可知，当地人认为这项实验是危险的。故选A。 【38题详解】 句意：2023年8月，政府投票通过，允许两家无人驾驶出租车公司运营24小时服务。 run运营；fix修理；cut切断；purchase购买。根据“allow two robotaxi companies to…a 24-hour service”可知，此处指允许公司提供并运营这项服务。故选A。 【39题详解】 句意：许多人表达了他们的担忧与疑虑。 doubts疑虑，怀疑；applications申请；invitations邀请；hopes希望。根据“But then there were its…”以及“I trust them more…robotaxis gave her a sense of safety”可知，文章后半部分转折讲述了支持的声音。由此推断，前文主要在阐述反对意见和负面情绪，空格处应填入与“worries”色彩一致的词。doubts符合语境。故选A。 【40题详解】 句意：许多司机担心无人驾驶出租车会夺走他们的工作。 laugh at嘲笑；get rid of摆脱；take away拿走，夺走；learn from向……学习。根据“Many drivers were worried that robotaxis would…their jobs.”可知，司机们担心被机器取代，工作被无人驾驶出租车夺走。故选C。 【41题详解】 句意：但也有这项技术的支持者。 supporters支持者；passengers乘客；designers设计师；editors编辑。根据“I trust them more than angry or distracted (思想不集中的) drivers.”以及“robotaxis gave her a sense of safety”可知，这些人对无人驾驶出租车持肯定态度，是支持者。故选A。 【42题详解】 句意：盲人女孩Jessie说，她曾被出租车司机恶劣地对待，而无人驾驶出租车给了她安全感。 kindly仁慈地；seriously严肃地；politely礼貌地；badly恶劣地。根据“and that robotaxis gave her a sense of safety”可知，相比于无人驾驶车的安全感，她过去被人类司机对待的经历是糟糕的。treat sb. badly意为“待某人不好”。故选D。 D. Read the passage and complete the task (根据短文内容完成任务) (共16分) In November 1911, a team led by Robert Falcon Scott began the journey to Antarctica, hoping to be the first to get to the South Pole (南极). However, Scott and his partners all lost their lives on the way back. Several months after their deaths, people found Scott’s diaries that described the whole journey. Monday January 15th, 1912 It is wonderful to think it is only 27 miles from the Pole. We should waste no time. Tuesday January 16th, 1912 The flag! The Norwegians (挪威人) have beaten us and arrived first at the Pole. It is a terrible disappointment, and I am very sorry for my loyal partners. Tomorrow we must march (行进) on to the Pole, and then go back home with all the speed we can manage. Wednesday January 17th, 1912 We finally arrived at the Pole. Yes, but under very different situations from those expected. We had a bad day with a strong headwind and a temperature of -22°, and my partners worked on with cold feet and hands. This is an awful and terrible place. Now for the journey home, I wonder if we can do it. Sunday January 28th, 1912 We are getting hungrier and pretty thin, but none of us are feeling tired. Though we have to carry heavy rocks, we have gone further than we expected. Friday March 16th 1912 Titus Oates was in worse condition. He worried he would get us into more trouble and suggested we leave him behind. We wouldn't accept that offer. Yesterday morning, there was a snowstorm. He said, “I am just going outside and it may take some time.” He went out and we have not seen him since then. We knew that he was walking to his death, and we tried to stop him. But deep down we knew it was the act of a brave man. Thursday March 29th, 1912 It’s the worst snowstorm I’ve ever seen. I do not think we can hope for any better things now. We shall stick it to the end, but we are getting weaker. It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more. Scott’s diaries are kept in the British Museum. The scientific data (资料) his team collected as well as the twenty kilos of rocks they carried all the way proved that at one time in the ancient past, Antarctica was covered by plants. Task 1: Answer the questions. 43. When did Scott's team start their journey to Antarctica? _______________________________________________________________ 44. Why did Scott and his partners feel disappointed on January 16th, 1912? _______________________________________________________________ 45. What was the weather like when Scott’s team arrived at the South Pole? _______________________________________________________________ 46. Why did Titus Oates suggest leaving him behind? _______________________________________________________________ 47. What did the scientific data and rocks collected by Scott's team prove? _______________________________________________________________ Task 2: 48. Read Scott’s diary entry on Friday March 16th, 1912. Suppose you were Titus Oates. Write a note to your team members to tell them your thoughts and decision before leaving the team. (Write about 30 words.) Dear partners, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Titus Oates 【答案】43. In November 1911. 44. Because the Norwegians had beaten them and arrived first at the Pole. 45. There was a strong headwind and the temperature was -22°. 46. Because his condition was worse and he worried he would get his team members into more trouble. 47. They proved that at one time in the ancient past, Antarctica was covered by plants. 48. 参考范文： Dear partners, My condition is too bad to go on. I don’t want to trouble you all any more. I decide to leave. Please go on and take care of yourselves. Titus Oates 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特带领团队于1911年11月前往南极，希望成为首个抵达南极点的队伍，却遗憾落败且全队在返程途中牺牲的经历，还节选了斯科特的日记内容，最后介绍了其团队收集的资料和岩石的科研价值。 【43题详解】 根据“In November 1911, a team led by Robert Falcon Scott began the journey to Antarctica”可知，斯科特的团队在1911年11月开启了前往南极的旅程。故填In November 1911. 【44题详解】 根据“The Norwegians (挪威人) have beaten us and arrived first at the Pole.”可知，1912年1月16日斯科特和队友感到失望因为挪威人先于他们抵达了南极点，击败了他们。故填Because the Norwegians had beaten them and arrived first at the Pole. 【45题详解】 根据“We had a bad day with a strong headwind and a temperature of -22°”可知，斯科特的团队抵达南极点时，天气状况恶劣，有强逆风，气温为零下22度。故填There was a strong headwind and the temperature was -22°. 【46题详解】 根据“Titus Oates was in worse condition. He worried he would get us into more trouble and suggested we leave him behind.”可知，泰特斯·奥茨建议队友丢下他，是因为他的身体状况变得更糟，担心自己会给队友带来更多麻烦。故填Because his condition was worse and he worried he would get his team members into more trouble. 【47题详解】 根据“The scientific data (资料) his team collected as well as the twenty kilos of rocks they carried all the way proved that at one time in the ancient past, Antarctica was covered by plants.”可知，斯科特团队收集的科学资料和岩石证明了在远古时期，南极曾被植物所覆盖。故填They proved that at one time in the ancient past, Antarctica was covered by plants. 【48题详解】 本题为开放性写作题，要求以泰特斯·奥茨的身份写便条，核心需体现身体状况差、不想拖累队友、决定独自离开的想法，词数控制在30词左右。 参考范文： Dear partners, My condition is too bad to go on. I don’t want to trouble you all any more. I decide to leave. Please go on and take care of yourselves. Titus Oates E. Translation (翻译) (共6分) 49. 人们已经弄清了如何飞翔。(figure) __________________________________________________________ 【答案】People have figured out how to fly. 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，此句时态用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词。人们“people”，集体名词作主语，助动词用have；弄清“figure out”，figure的过去分词是figured；如何飞翔“how to fly”，作figure out的宾语。故填People have figured out how to fly. 50. 帽子将会兼作音乐播放器吗? (double) __________________________________________________________ 【答案】Will the hat double as a music player? 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句询问将来可能性，时态为一般将来时。“将会……吗？”对应“Will...?”，其中“Will”句首需大写；“兼作”对应“double as”，是动词短语；“音乐播放器”对应“a music player”。故填Will the hat double as a music player? 51. 他们决定挂上将来城市的画作。(put up) __________________________________________________________ 【答案】They decided to put up the paintings of the future city. 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，此句时态用一般过去时。他们“they”，作主语；决定“decided”，后接不定式作宾语；挂上“put up”，动词短语；将来城市的画作“the paintings of the future city”。故填They decided to put up the paintings of the future city. VII. Writing (作文) (14分) 52. Write at least 60 words according to the situation given. (请根据所给情境，写一篇不少于60个词的短文。标点符号不占格。) 学校科技节将举办“未来生活畅想”征文活动，邀请同学们描绘几十年后可能出现的场景。请你以“Life in 2050”为题写一篇短文，需包含以下内容： (1)描述1—2项未来科技(如交通/家居/教育)； (2)这些科技给人类生活带来什么好处或潜在问题； (3)表达对未来的期待或提出建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Life in 2050 will be amazing! First, self-driving cars will be everywhere. They can take us to school safely and reduce traffic jams. Second, smart robots will help with housework, so people have more free time. However, if we depend too much on technology, we may become lazy. I hope future tech makes life easier but also keeps us healthy and active. Let’s use technology wisely! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：话题作文； ②时态：一般将来时为主； ③提示：需描述1-2项未来科技、其影响及对未来的建议。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开门见山点明主题，用一般将来时描述未来科技（如自动驾驶汽车）。 第二步：用并列结构说明另一项科技（智能机器人）及其好处，并用However转折提出潜在问题。 第三步：表达对未来的期待，并以建议结尾。 [亮点词汇] ①self-driving cars自动驾驶汽车 ②reduce traffic jams减少交通堵塞 ③depend on依赖 [高分句型] ①They can take us to school safely and reduce traffic jams.（运用了并列连词and连接两个动词短语） ②However, if we depend too much on technology, we may become lazy.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $