精品解析：吉林省长春外国语学校2025-2026学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

2025-2026学年上学期期末考试 高一年级英语 本试卷共14页。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 注意事项：1．答卷前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。 2．答题时请按要求用笔。 3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 听力(1～20小题，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What kind of car will the speakers buy? A. The one with four doors. B. The one with two doors. C. The one in red. 2. Why does the man make the call? A. To confirm a booking. B. To make a booking. C. To change a booking. 3. What will the man probably do today? A. Ask for sick leave. B. See a doctor after work. C. Invite his manager to his house. 4. When does the conversation take place? A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A teacher. B. An exam. C. Chemistry. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，总分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How will the speakers go to the new Italian place? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car. 7. What will Rob do tonight? A. Eat out. B. Meet friends. C. Fly to London. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A weekend plan. B. A delicious picnic. C. The beautiful scenery. 9. What did the woman plan to do? A. Walk along the park. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a concert. 10. What is the woman’s attitude toward climbing in the end? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Tired. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Which tie does the woman think matches the man’s jacket? A. The green one. B. The black one. C. The red one. 12. Why doesn’t the woman like high heels? A. They aren’t beautiful. B. They are uncomfortable to wear. C. They don’t match the dress. 13. What does the man mean in the end? A. He knows a cafe nearby. B. He can’t decide what to buy. C. He doesn’t want to go on shopping. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How many people were there on the train? A. 17. B. 18. C. 20. 15. Why did the bus lose control? A. It had a fault. B. It caught fire inside. C. The road was wet. 16. What was the result of the car accident? A. The car’s fuel tank exploded. B. The car crashed into water. C. Frane broke his arm. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When did the students get to school? A. At 4:30. B. At 5:00. C. At 5:30. 18. How did the speaker feel when the coach arrived? A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Sad. 19. What did the speaker get for her sister? A. A dress. B. A bag. C. A T-shirt. 20. What did the speaker like best about this trip? A. The boat trip. B. The comfortable hotel. C. The shopping experience. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。 A As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also known as World Heritage Day, we’ve selected four archaeological (考古的) sites in China that deserve exploration. Zhoukoudian, Beijing Zhoukoudian, a UNESCO heritage site located 50 km from downtown Beijing, has been a significant site. At various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”, who lived 30,000 years ago. Sanxingdui Ruins site, Sichuan province As one of the greatest archeological finds of the 20th century, the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed to be the remains of the Shu Kingdom, dating back at least 4,800 years and lasting over 2,000 years. The ruins are located in Guanghan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province, covering 12 square kilometers. The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province The Yinxu Ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Anyang city, Henan province, was an ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC-11th century BC). Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文) discovered so far in the world. The Daming Palace, Shaanxi province Famous for its super-large scale and magnificent buildings, Daming Palace was the main royal palace in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) where Tang emperors lived and dealt with state affairs. Covering 3.2 square kilometers, it fully demonstrates the majestic style of grand architecture during the Tang empire. 1. Which site reflects the earliest human? A. Zhoukoudian. B. The Yinxu Ruins. C. The Daming Palace. D. Sanxingdui Ruins site. 2. What is the Yinxu Ruins known for? A. The grand architecture. B. Oracle bone inscriptions. C. Royal palace in the Tang Dynasty. D. The remains of the Shu Kingdom. 3. Where can the text probably be found? A. In a novel. B. In a biography. C. In a history book. D. In a guidebook. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了中国四个值得探索的考古遗址。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Zhoukoudian, Beijing中“At various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”, who lived 30,000 years ago.(在遗址的各个地方，科学家们发掘出了50多万年前的早期人类“北京猿人”，以及生活在3万年前的“山东猿人”)”及其余遗址反映的时间可知，北京周口店遗址能反映出最早的人类信息。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province中“Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文) discovered so far in the world.(该遗址占地30多平方公里，是迄今为止世界上发现数量最多的甲骨文遗址)”可知，殷墟遗址以甲骨文出名。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also known as World Heritage Day, we’ve selected four archaeological (考古的) sites in China that deserve exploration.(4月18日是国际古迹和遗址日，也被称为世界遗产日，我们在中国选择了四个值得探索的考古遗址)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了四处考古遗址，可以在一本旅行指南中找到。故选D。 B For many, especially teenage girls, change can be terrifying. It often takes weeks, months, or even longer to adjust to new experiences. This is true for a significant milestone that so many students fear: the beginning of high school. When I started high school, it felt like my entire world had turned upside down. Since I came from a small middle school, the leap to a larger all-girls school was stressful. I worried about fitting in this new environment. To make matters even more daunting, my best friend chose a different school, leaving me to brave this new chapter (篇章) on my own. Luckily, our school worked hard to ensure freshmen felt comfortable during their first year of high school. On the very first day, we took part in Tiger Camp, a camp designed to ease us into high school life. We played team-building games, met our small group leaders, and got to know our classmates better. By the end of the camp, I already felt a sense of belonging. Once the school year started, one of the first major events I attended was the Club Carnival, which introduced us high school freshmen to a wide variety of extracurricular activities here. I joined the Friendly Fashion Club and a book club, both of which gave me a chance to meet like-minded students. After I adapted (适应) to the new school, there were still more challenges waiting for me. The workload was heavy, and I quickly realized that keeping up with the numerous subjects and constant assignments would be challenging: Not only did the subjects become more difficult, but the expectations were higher, and the exams seemed much. However, as time went on, I began to develop better time management skills and learned how to deal with my studies better. With time, I learned to accept the challenges, knowing that every difficulty was an opportunity to get better. As I discovered, even the worst storms pass, and just as clouds give way to blue skies, my fears eventually disappeared. 4. What does “daunting” underlined in paragraph 2 mean? A. Confusing. B. Frightening. C. Surprising. D. Encouraging. 5. How did the events held by the school mainly help the writer? A. By providing academic support. B. By teaching her study methods. C. By introducing her to her teachers. D. By involving her in community. 6. Paragraph 5 mainly about the author’s ________. A. fearful heart B. easy adaptation C. peer pressure D. academic stress 7. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. The writer found high school painful. B. The writer achieved personal growth. C. The writer considered difficulties as blocks. D. The writer found fears stayed despite efforts. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者初入高中的经历，包括面临的挑战、学校活动的帮助及自身成长，展现了适应新环境的过程。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“To make matters even more daunting, my best friend chose a different school, leaving me to brave this new chapter (篇章) on my own.(更daunting的是，我最好的朋友选择了另一所学校，留下我一个人勇敢面对这个新篇章)”可知，此处表示最好的朋友去了别的学校，自己要独自面对新篇章，这种情况是让人胆怯的，推测划线单词daunting意思是“令人胆怯的”，与Frightening意义相近。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“On the very first day, we took part in Tiger Camp, a camp designed to ease us into high school life.(在第一天，我们参加了Tiger Camp，这是一个旨在帮助我们适应高中生活的营地)”以及第四段“Once the school year started, one of the first major events I attended was the Club Carnival, which introduced us high school freshmen to a wide variety of extracurricular activities here.(开学后，我参加的第一项重要活动就是社团狂欢节。这次活动让我们这些高一新生得以了解到这里丰富的课外活动内容)”可知，学校的这些活动让作者更好地融入社区。故选D。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“After I adapted (适应) to the new school, there were still more challenges waiting for me. The workload was heavy, and I quickly realized that keeping up with the numerous subjects and constant assignments would be challenging: Not only did the subjects become more difficult, but the expectations were higher, and the exams seemed much. However, as time went on, I began to develop better time management skills and learned how to deal with my studies better.(在我适应了新学校之后，仍有更多的挑战等着我。学习任务很繁重，我很快意识到要跟上众多科目和不断增多的作业量将会是件困难的事：不仅科目变得更难了，而且期望也更高了，考试的难度也更大了。然而，随着时间的推移，我开始培养出更好的时间管理能力，并学会了更好地处理我的学业)”可知，本段主要讲的是作者面临的学习压力。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“With time, I learned to accept the challenges, knowing that every difficulty was an opportunity to get better. As I discovered, even the worst storms pass, and just as clouds give way to blue skies, my fears eventually disappeared.(随着时间的推移，我学会了接受这些挑战，明白每一个困难都是让自己变得更好的机会。我发现，即便是最猛烈的风暴也会过去，就像乌云会让位于晴朗的天空一样，我的恐惧最终也消失了)”可知，作者随着时间的推移，学会了接受挑战，恐惧也消失了，说明作者经历了个人成长。故选B。 C Do you want to go to play some basketball in between hitting the books？Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, "While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physical changes in the brain.” The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies, Babies who often do activities show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. Even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a scientist, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in primary school or high school can result from a lack of movement as babies. Older people can develop their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors aged from 70 to 79. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. Also, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as yoga or tai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. When you exercise, your heart rate increases, which in turn increases blood flow to the brain. This helps to stimulate the growth of new brain cells and improve overall brain function. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week. 8. What is the connection between exercise and brain development? A. Exercise helps soften our blood vessels. B. The brain needs special mental exercise. C. Physical exercise helps us think better. D. The more exercise, the bigger the brain. 9. Why is yoga or tai-chi suggested for seniors? A. It is very simple for old people. B. It does good to the bones of old people. C. It does not increase the heart rate. D. It involves learning new skills. 10. How long do you need to exercise at least every week to improve brain function? A. 1 hour. B. 2 hours. C. 3 hours. D. 5 hours. 11. What is the main idea of this text? A. How to exercise every week. B. How exercise makes people strong. C. How exercise helps the brain develop. D. How the brain can change one’s memory. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了运动与大脑发育存在关联，介绍了运动对婴儿、青少年和老年人的大脑带来的积极影响及相关科学依据。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. (根据她的研究，运动似乎能让血管，包括大脑中的血管，变得更坚固、发育更完全。Cameron博士确信，这能让坚持运动的人思维更清晰。)”可知，运动能让包括大脑内的血管更坚固、发育更完全，这会让运动的人思维更清晰，即运动与大脑发育的关联是体育运动有助于我们更好地思考。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Also, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as yoga or tai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. (此外，老年人的运动不宜过于简单。学习一些新技能或新动作，如瑜伽、太极，有助于激活大脑中可能长期未被使用的记忆通路。)”可知，老年人的运动不应过于简单，瑜伽、太极这类运动包含学习新技能的过程，能激活大脑中长期未使用的记忆通路。故选 D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week. (而每周只需2到3小时的运动，你的大脑就能从中受益。)”可知，每周仅需2到3小时的运动，大脑就能从中受益。因此，每周至少需要2小时运动才能改善大脑功能。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, "While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physical changes in the brain.” (根据她的研究，运动似乎能让血管，包括大脑中的血管，变得更坚固、发育更完全。Cameron博士确信，这能让坚持运动的人思维更清晰。正如她所说：“我们早已知道运动对心脏有益，但运动实际上还能给大脑带来生理上的改变。”)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了运动对大脑的积极影响，如让思维更清晰、促进发育、提升记忆力等。故选C。 D Recently, there have been huge advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs that create art. The programs, which create artworks based on short descriptions, have amazed many people. They have also raised difficult questions. The AI tools are entertaining and powerful. They allow people to quickly see almost any idea they can imagine, even if they aren’t artists. For some creative workers, like those at companies that create ads or images, the tools allow them to quickly explore new ideas. These new AI art tools are all trained in similar ways — using massive collections of pictures with matching descriptions. The programs begin to create new images with a random pattern of dots. Step by step, they use their training to change the pattern until parts of the image begin to match the description. These AI programs can make strange mistakes. But with the right description, the tools are able to create images of just about anything in just about any style. Many artists say they’re now competing against computers for attention, prizes and jobs. It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet. In August, an artwork created with AI tools won first prize at the Colorado State Fair. The images and the descriptions used to train these AI programs were taken from the Internet. Because of this, the tools can produce images that aren’t appropriate. Perhaps more importantly, the creators of the training pictures — the artists, the photographers, and even the people in the pictures — haven’t given permission for their images to be used. That has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal. This is an area where the law isn’t clear. Some people are starting to think about the legal problems the artworks could bring. A few websites and businesses, such as Getty Images, have said they will no longer accept work created by using these AI tools. 12. What does paragraph 3 focus on? A. How useful AI art tools are. B. How AI art tools correct mistakes. C. How AI art tools create images. D. How AI art tools explore new ideas. 13. How may many artists feel about the AI art tools? A. Upset. B. Excited. C. Amazed. D. Curious. 14. Which of the following is a disadvantage of the AI art tools? A. They are difficult to train. B. They often make mistakes. C. They may break some laws. D. They are too expensive. 15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A. The Rapid Development of AI Technology B. The Use of AI in Art: Benefits and Shortcomings C. How AI Art Tools Create Amazing Artworks D. The Legal Problems Caused by AI Art 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕人工智能艺术创作工具展开，介绍了这类工具的强大功能和工作原理，同时指出其给艺术家带来的竞争压力，以及在训练素材版权、法律合规性等方面存在的争议与问题。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“These new AI art tools are all trained in similar ways — using massive collections of pictures with matching descriptions. The programs begin to create new images with a random pattern of dots. Step by step, they use their training to change the pattern until parts of the image begin to match the description (这些新型人工智能艺术工具的训练方式相似——都会利用海量配有对应描述的图片。程序会先以随机的点阵图案开始创作新图像，然后逐步利用训练所得调整图案，直到图像的部分内容与描述相匹配)”可知，该段重点介绍的是人工智能艺术工具创作图像的过程和方式。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Many artists say they’re now competing against computers for attention, prizes and jobs. It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet (许多艺术家表示，他们如今要和计算机争夺关注度、奖项和工作机会。一位艺术家很难与互联网上出现过的所有艺术作品和摄影作品相抗衡)”可知，人工智能艺术工具的出现给艺术家带来了竞争压力，由此可推断他们会感到沮丧。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Perhaps more importantly, the creators of the training pictures — the artists, the photographers, and even the people in the pictures — haven’t given permission for their images to be used. That has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal (或许更重要的是，训练素材图片的创作者们——包括艺术家、摄影师，甚至是图片中的人物——并未许可他人使用这些图像。这引发了关于这些工具的行为是否公平合法的质疑)”以及第六段“This is an area where the law isn’t clear (这是一个法律界定尚不明确的领域)”可知，人工智能艺术工具的一个弊端是其训练素材的使用可能存在法律问题，甚至触犯法律。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段提出创造艺术的人工智能（AI）程序取得了巨大的进步但也产生了问题。第二段介绍了人工智能艺术工具的优势，即操作便捷、能帮助创意工作者探索新思路；第四至六段则阐述了该工具给艺术家带来的竞争压力，以及在版权、法律层面存在的问题。由此可知，全文围绕人工智能在艺术领域的应用展开，既讲了益处，也谈了不足。选项B“人工智能在艺术中的应用：利与弊”符合主题，适合用作标题。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you often find it hard to stay focused when studying? ____16____ Distractions are everywhere in daily life, making it difficult to concentrate on learning tasks well.This problem troubles most high school students deeply, so I’m writing to give you some solutions to this. Stick to a fixed study routine. Your brain works best when it follows a regular schedule. You can assign specific time slots to each subject daily, like 7-8 pm for math and 8:15-9:15 pm for English. ____17____ Gradually, your brain will get used to focusing at those fixed times and enter the learning state quickly without extra adjustment. ____18____ Phones are the top distraction for most students, so put your phone in another room or turn on airplane mode before study. Besides, clear your desk of snacks, toys and other irrelevant items. A tidy and simple space helps your mind stay away from random thoughts and lock onto the task ahead. Break down big tasks into small parts. Heavy study tasks often make you feel overwhelmed and easily distracted at the very start. For example, finish 10 math exercises instead of a whole chapter, or recite 20 words instead of a full unit. Small goals are easy to achieve, and each success will encourage you to keep focusing further. ____19____ Take short regular breaks timely. Long-time non-stop study will make your attention drop sharply rather than boost efficiency. You can follow the 50-10 rule: study for 50 minutes and then take a 10-minute break. During the break, stretch your body, look far into the distance or drink some warm water to relax your brain, which can effectively refresh your focus. ____20____ Stick to these methods and keep practicing consistently, and you will surely concentrate better on your study and make greater progress step by step. A. Create a distraction-free study space. B. Force yourself to study for long hours non-stop. C. It tells your brain when to focus and when to relax. D. This sense of achievement will strengthen your focus more. E. Mastering the skill of focus is key to improving study efficiency. F. You might sit at the desk for an hour but get little done due to distractions. G. Keep checking your phone to avoid missing messages. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了应对学习分心、提升专注力的几种有效方法及建议。 【16题详解】 上文“Do you often find it hard to stay focused when studying? (你经常发现学习时很难集中注意力吗？)”提出学习时难以集中注意力的问题，下文“Distractions are everywhere in daily life, making it difficult to concentrate on learning tasks well. (日常生活中到处都是干扰，使得很难很好地集中精力在学习任务上)”进一步解释了难以集中注意力的原因是干扰多，F选项“You might sit at the desk for an hour but get little done due to distractions. (你可能坐在书桌前一个小时，但由于干扰而几乎没有完成什么)”具体举例说明了因为干扰导致学习效率低，与上下文话题紧密相连，符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“You can assign specific time slots to each subject daily, like 7-8 pm for math and 8:15-9:15 pm for English. (你可以每天为每个科目分配特定的时间段，比如晚上7点到8点学数学，晚上8点15分到9点15分学英语)”介绍了制定固定学习时间表的方法，空处应解释这种做法的目的或原理，C选项“It tells your brain when to focus and when to relax. (它告诉你的大脑什么时候集中注意力，什么时候放松)”解释了这样做的好处，即让大脑知道何时专注何时放松，与上文内容紧密相关，符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 下文“Phones are the top distraction for most students, so put your phone in another room or turn on airplane mode before study. Besides, clear your desk of snacks, toys and other irrelevant items. (手机是大多数学生的主要干扰源，所以在学习前把你的手机放在另一个房间或打开飞行模式。此外，清理你桌子上的零食、玩具和其他无关物品)”主要讲述了要创造一个没有干扰的学习空间，A选项“Create a distraction-free study space. (创造一个无干扰的学习空间)”概括了下文的主要内容，符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“Small goals are easy to achieve, and each success will encourage you to keep focusing further. (小目标容易实现，每一次成功都会鼓励你进一步集中注意力)”说明了小目标带来的好处，空处应继续阐述这种积极影响，D选项“This sense of achievement will strengthen your focus more. (这种成就感会进一步增强你的注意力)”进一步阐述了这种成就感对增强注意力的作用，符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 上文分别介绍了提高学习专注力的几种方法，下文“Stick to these methods and keep practicing consistently, and you will surely concentrate better on your study and make greater progress step by step. (坚持这些方法并持续练习，你肯定会在学习上更专注，一步一步取得更大的进步)”总结全文，说明掌握专注技能对提高学习效率的重要性，E选项“Mastering the skill of focus is key to improving study efficiency. (掌握专注技能是提高学习效率的关键)”概括了全文主旨，符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At sixty years old, Sarah Cook wanted to start a new life. She bought a travel bike, ____21____ her few belongings, and left her house with them. When she rode away from the airport in Vancouver, she gained something she hadn’t had for years—____22____. What was meant to be a six-month adventure soon ____23____ a new way of life. After 111 days, she got to Bolivia. By then, Sarah already knew the ____24____ was her home—each new day brought ____25____ to her—something she had never seen. In the past seven years, she has ____26____ more than 24,000 miles. Before, Sarah was a doctor and later taught her four children at home for many years. And at that time, she ____27____ believed that was all of her world. But when her children grew up and left, she felt ____28____. “Who am I now?” she asked herself. To find the answer, she ____29____ to travel the world one mile at a time. Riding a bike ____30____ her to like the journey and accept whatever came. Some days brought sunshine and laughter; others brought rain, ____31____ muscles, and endless hills. But every time she stepped on the pedals (脚踏板), she felt like her heart was ____32____, light and unburdened. She learned that ____33____ isn’t from things or places, but from the fun of moving ahead, overcoming small challenges, and feeling ____34____ in the moment. Now sixty-seven, Sarah ____35____ riding to any place the road takes her to. “Home,” she says, “isn’t a house. It’s the peace you feel when you know you’re exactly where you’re meant to be.” 21. A. displayed B. packed C. donated D. counted 22. A. attention B. patience C. freedom D. expectation 23. A. turned into B. took up C. looked for D. held back 24. A. factory B. road C. school D. hospital 25. A. tasks B. purposes C. secrets D. surprises 26. A. covered B. searched C. driven D. hiked 27. A. secretly B. hardly C. firmly D. suddenly 28. A. proud B. relieved C. excited D. lost 29. A. agreed B. hesitated C. decided D. promised 30. A. taught B. warned C. advised D. permitted 31. A. flexible B. relaxed C. strong D. sore 32. A. sinking B. flying C. shaking D. melting 33. A. happiness B. luck C. health D. confidence 34. A. safe B. busy C. curious D. alive 35. A. minds B. quits C. continues D. avoids 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。60岁的萨拉开启骑行之旅，这段本为六个月的冒险成了新生活方式，她在旅途找到自我，领悟到幸福与自由的真谛。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她买了一辆旅行自行车，打包好仅有的几件物品，带着它们离开了家。A. displayed展示；B. packed打包；C. donated捐赠；D. counted数数。根据上“Sarah Cook wanted to start a new life”以及下文“left her house with them”可知，她要开启新生活，需将随身物品整理打包后出发，pack符合“出行前整理行李”的语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她从温哥华机场骑车出发时，她得到了多年来未曾有过的东西 ——自由。A. attention注意力；B. patience耐心；C. freedom自由；D. expectation期待。根据下文““Home,” she says, “isn’t a house. It’s the peace you feel when you know you’re exactly where you’re meant to be.””以及语境可知，她摆脱了以往围绕家庭和工作的生活，骑行之旅让她获得了久违的自由。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：原本计划为期六个月的冒险，很快就变成了一种新的生活方式。A. turned into变成；B. took up占据；C. looked for寻找；D. held back阻止。根据上文“What was meant to be a six-month adventure”和下文“In the past seven years, she has ____ more than 24,000 miles”可知，这里指短期冒险计划发展成了长期的生活模式，turned into体现这一转变。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，萨拉已经明白，道路就是她的家。A. factory工厂；B. road道路；C. school学校；D. hospital医院。根据下文“In the past seven years, she has ____ more than 24,000 miles.”可知，她以骑行旅行为生，常年在路上，road象征她的生活场所。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一天都会给她带来惊喜—— 那些她从未见过的事物。A. tasks任务；B. purposes目的；C. secrets秘密；D. surprises惊喜。根据下文“something she had never seen”可知，这里指旅行中遇到的未知事物会带来新鲜感和惊喜，surprises符合语境。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的七年里，她已经骑行了超过24000英里。A. covered行走（一段路程）；B. searched搜寻；C. driven驾驶；D. hiked徒步旅行。根据下文“more than 24,000 miles”以及语境可知，文章明确提到她的出行方式是“riding a bike”，“cover + 距离”为固定搭配，意为“行走……路程”，符合“骑行里程”的描述。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那时，她坚定地认为，那就是她全部世界。A. secretly秘密地；B. hardly几乎不；C. firmly坚定地；D. suddenly突然地。根据上文“Sarah was a doctor and later taught her four children at home for many years”以及语境可知，过去她的生活重心明确，因此笃定那就是生活的全部，firmly体现这种确定感。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当孩子们长大成人离开家后，她感到迷茫。A. proud自豪的；B. relieved释然的；C. excited兴奋的；D. lost迷茫的。结合下文她的自我追问“Who am I now?”可知，生活重心消失后，她失去了方向，感到迷茫。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了找到答案，她决定一英里一英里地环游世界。A. agreed同意；B. hesitated犹豫；C. decided决定；D. promised承诺。根据上文“To find the answer”以及语境可知，为了摆脱迷茫、寻找自我，她主动做出了骑行环游世界的选择，decided体现这一主动决策。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车教会她享受旅程，接受所遇到的一切。A. taught教会；B. warned警告；C. advised建议；D. permitted允许。根据下文“She learned that ____ isn’t from things or places”以及语境可知，这里指骑行的经历让她领悟到新的生活态度，taught符合“经历带来感悟”的逻辑。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些日子阳光明媚、充满欢笑；有些日子则阴雨连绵、肌肉酸痛，还有爬不完的山丘。A. flexible灵活的；B. relaxed放松的；C. strong强壮的；D. sore酸痛的。根据上文“Some days brought sunshine and laughter”以及提到骑行的不同境遇可知，这里与“sunshine and laughter”形成对比，“sore muscles”是长时间骑行常见的身体反应，符合语境。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但每次踩下脚踏板时，她都觉得自己的心在飞翔，轻盈而无牵无挂。A. sinking下沉；B. flying飞翔；C. shaking摇晃；D. melting融化。根据下文“light and unburdened”可知，这里指骑行时她的内心摆脱了束缚，轻盈自由，flying比喻这种无拘无束的状态。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她明白了，幸福并非来自物质或地点，而是来自前行的乐趣、克服小挑战的成就感。A. happiness幸福；B. luck运气；C. health健康；D. confidence自信。根据下文““Home,” she says, “isn’t a house. It’s the peace you feel when you know you’re exactly where you’re meant to be.””可知，文章结尾讲述了她对 “home” 的定义以及上文提到骑行中的愉悦感受，核心是对幸福的领悟，happiness符合这一主题。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她明白了，幸福并非来自物质或地点，而是来自前行的乐趣、克服小挑战的成就感，以及活在当下的真切感。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. curious好奇的；D. alive鲜活的、真切的。结合上文“Riding a bike ____ her to like the journey and accept whatever came”以及语境可知，骑行中她专注于旅程、感受每一刻的经历，alive能体现这种沉浸当下、感受生命活力的状态。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今67岁的萨拉继续骑着车，去往道路指引她的任何地方。A. minds介意；B. quits放弃；C. continues继续；D. avoids避免。根据上文“In the past seven years, she has ____ more than 24,000 miles.”以及她对生活的感悟可知，她已将骑行当作新生活方式，会一直坚持下去。故选C项。 第四部分 语言运用(共四节，满分45分) 第一节 课文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据原文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 I ____36____ that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. It is not unusual for teenagers of your ____37____ to be attracted ____38____ computer games and the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it difficult to focus on other things in life. Some students even become ____39____ to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend to try new hobbies. Why not discuss the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you, ____40____ you are his good friend. When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to stand ____41____. The player who became known ____42____ “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his ____43____ moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental ____44____ that he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his _____45_____. 【答案】36. recommend 37. generation 38. to 39. addicted 40. since 41. still 42. as 43. graceful 44. strength 45. failures 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文分为两个部分，第一部分是给青少年的建议，建议其与沉迷网络的朋友沟通并鼓励对方培养新爱好；第二部分介绍篮球巨星迈克尔·乔丹，强调他凭借出色的球技和强大的心理素质成为传奇，而从失败中学习是他成功的秘诀。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：我建议你和你的朋友谈谈他的行为。结合后文给出的沟通建议，recommend表示“建议”，符合语境，且此处用一般现在时，主语为I，填动词原形。故填recommend。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：你们这个年纪的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引是很常见的。固定搭配of one’s generation表示“同代的、同龄人中的”，符合语境。故填generation。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：你们这个年纪的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引是很常见的。固定搭配be attracted to表示“被……吸引”，是固定用法。符合语境。故填to。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一些学生甚至沉迷于网络，无法专注于学业和家庭生活。固定搭配become addicted to表示“沉迷于……”，addicted为形容词，作表语。符合语境。故填addicted。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：我相信他会听你的，因为你是他的好朋友。空格后是前文“他会听你的”的原因，since表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句。符合语境。故填since。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：当迈克尔·乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间仿佛都静止了。固定搭配stand still表示“静止不动”，符合语境。符合语境。故填still。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员，用他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。固定搭配be known as表示“被称为、以……闻名”，是固定用法。符合语境。故填as。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员，用他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。此处修饰名词moves and jumps，graceful表示“优雅的”，符合乔丹的球风特点。作定语。符合语境。故填graceful。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：乔丹的球技令人印象深刻，但他展现出的强大心理素质让他与众不同。mental strength表示“心理素质、精神力量”，符合语境，strength为不可数名词。故填strength。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。结合语境，成功的秘诀是从过往的失败中汲取经验，failure表示“失败的事”时为可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。作宾语。符合语境。故填failures。 第二节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据首字母或汉语提示填空，每空一词。 46. The s________ of the accident were sent to the nearest hospital immediately. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】survivors##urvivors 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：事故的幸存者被立即送往最近的医院。根据首字母s及语境，对应的英文名词是survivor；句中谓语动词为were，说明主语需用复数形式。故填survivors。 47. Maria will g________ from high school next summer and start her college life. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】graduate##raduate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：玛丽亚明年夏天将高中毕业，开始她的大学生活。根据首字母提示以及语境“start her college life”可推断，此处应表示“毕业”这一含义，graduate意为“毕业”，为动词在句中作谓语。又因空白处前有助动词will，其后需接动词原形构成一般将来时。故填graduate。 48. English is one of the o________ languages of Canada. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】official##fficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：英语是加拿大的官方语言之一。根据首字母提示o可知，用形容词official“官方的”，作前置定语，修饰languages。故填official。 49. After a long and tiring journey, we finally reached the d________ as the sun set. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】destination##estination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过漫长又疲惫的旅程，我们终于在日落时分抵达了目的地。根据首字母d及句意“目的地”，对应的英文名词是destination，作宾语。故填destination。 50. It is e________ cold outside today, so you’d better put on a thick coat. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】extremely##xtremely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：今天外面非常冷，所以你最好穿上一件厚外套。根据句意“非常”和首字母可知，此处为副词extremely，作状语，修饰形容词cold。故填extremely。 51. The child was ________ (焦虑的)when she couldn’t find her parents. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】anxious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个孩子找不到父母时很焦虑。根据汉语提示“焦虑的”，以及在系动词was后作表语，可知应填形容词anxious。故填anxious。 52. Comfortable ________ (住处) is provided by the hotel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accommodation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：酒店提供舒适的住处。根据汉语提示“住处”，对应的英文名词是accommodation，该词在此处为不可数名词，作主语。故填accommodation。 53. Please ________ (联系) me via e-mail if you have any questions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contact 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果您有任何问题，请通过电子邮件与我联系。根据汉语提示“联系”可知，用动词contact，本句是祈使句的肯定形式，用动词原形。故填contact。 54. Everyone needs to dress ________(正式地) for the wedding. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】formally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：每个人都需要穿着正式地参加这场婚礼。根据汉语提示可知用副词formally，修饰动词dress。故填formally。 55. The little boy ________ (假装) to be asleep when his parents came into the room. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】pretended 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他的父母走进房间时，小男孩假装睡着了。根据汉语提示“假装”可知，应填动词pretend，在句中作谓语。结合后文“when his parents came into the room”可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填pretended。 第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 56. Teachers should answer students’ questions patiently to meet their ________ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师应该耐心回答学生的问题，以满足他们的好奇心。空处作宾语，需填名词curiosity，为不可数名词。故填curiosity。 57. This building ________ (design) by a world-famous architect last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was designed 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这座建筑是去年由一位世界著名的建筑师设计的。时间状语last year表明动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时，且主语this building与design之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数，故填was designed。 58. Initially, I didn’t understand some ________ (confuse) facts, but soon Alice got them across to me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】confusing 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：起初，我不理解一些令人困惑的事实，但很快爱丽丝就让我明白了。本空修饰名词facts，作前置定语，表示“令人困惑的”，用形容词confusing。故填confusing。 59. My English level got ________ (improve) thanks to my English teacher. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】improved 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：多亏了我的英语老师，我的英语水平得到了提升。my English level与improve是被动关系，“get + 过去分词”可表示被动含义，需用improve的过去分词形式，故填improved。 60. The girl has changed beyond ________ (recognize) with years passing by. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】recognition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着岁月流逝，这个女孩变得让人认不出来了。beyond recognition是固定短语，意为“难以辨认、认不出来”，此处需用recognize对应的名词形式作宾语，故填recognition。 61. Bob can speak English ________ (fluent) so it is easy for him to communicate with foreigners. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fluently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：鲍勃英语说得很流利，所以他和外国人交流很轻松。此处需用副词修饰动词短语speak English，fluent对应的副词形式是fluently，意为“流利地”，故填fluently。 62. Susan said she was greatly ________ (honour) to become a teacher in her school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】honoured 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：苏珊说，能成为她所在学校的教师，她感到非常荣幸。作表语，用形容词honoured，故填honoured。 63. More than 10,000 ________ (compete) from different countries came to Beijing to take part in the Olympics Games. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】competitors 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：来自世界各地的超过10000名参赛者来到北京参加奥运会。作主语，用名词competitor，根据上文More than 10,000可知为复数。故填competitors。 64. It’s important to take control ________ your emotions in difficult situations. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语搭配。句意：在困境中控制好自己的情绪很重要。take control of是固定搭配，意为“控制、掌管”，故填of。 65. Can you explain what has happened ________ detail? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你能详细解释一下发生了什么吗？in detail是固定搭配，意为“详细地”。故填in。 第四节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Linda准备暑假来中国旅游，请你写一封电子邮件，向她推荐成都。 要点： 1. 推荐城市； 2. 推荐理由； 3. 你的祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Linda, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Linda, Delighted to know you’re coming to China for your summer holiday, I’m writing to recommend Chengdu to you. When it comes to Chengdu, the first thing that comes to my mind is pandas, which are national treasures of China. Besides, there are many tourist attractions in and around the city. For example, Dujiangyan, built over 2,000 years ago, is still playing an important part in irrigation today. Most importantly, Chengdu is home to delicious hot food, such as mapo tofu and hotpot. Wish you a pleasant journey in China. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Linda写邮件，推荐暑假旅游城市成都。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→pleased 国宝：national treasure→national icon 旅游景点：tourist attraction→scenic spot 灌溉：irrigation→water conservancy 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For example, Dujiangyan, built over 2,000 years ago, is still playing an important part in irrigation today. 拓展句：For example, Dujiangyan, which was built over 2,000 years ago, is still playing an important part in irrigation today and benefits local people a lot. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Delighted to know you’re coming to China for your summer holiday, I’m writing to recommend Chengdu to you.（运用不定式短语to recommend...作目的状语及省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】When it comes to Chengdu, the first thing that comes to my mind is pandas, which are national treasures of China.（运用固定句型When it comes to...；that引导定语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句） 第五部分 附加题(1～13小题，满分10分) Why We Need to Protect Polar Bears Polar bears are being increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change, but their disappearance could have far-reaching consequences. They are uniquely adapted to the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle, where temperatures can reach -40°C. One reason for this is that they have up to 11 centimetres of fat underneath their skin. Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease. Yet the polar bear experiences no such consequences. A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues sheds light on this mystery. They compared the genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears. This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in one of the toughest environments on Earth. Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) —a form of ‘bad’ cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated with increased risk of heart disease. Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans. The genome of the polar bear may also provide the solution for another condition, one that particularly affects our older generation: osteoporosis. This is a disease where bones show reduced density, usually caused by insufficient exercise, reduced calcium intake or food starvation. Bone tissue is constantly being remodelled, meaning that bone is added or removed, depending on nutrient availability and the stress that the bone is under. Female polar bears, however, undergo extreme conditions during every pregnancy. Once autumn comes around, these females will dig maternity dens in the snow and will remain there throughout the winter, both before and after the birth of their cubs. This process results in about six months of fasting, where the female bears have to keep themselves and their cubs alive, depleting their own calcium and calorie reserves. Despite this, their bones remain strong and dense. Physiologists Alanda Lennox and Allen Goodship found an explanation for this paradox in 2008. They discovered that pregnant bears were able to increase the density of their bones before they started to build their dens. In addition, six months later, when they finally emerged from the den with their cubs, there was no evidence of significant loss of bone density. Hibernating brown bears do not have this capacity and must therefore resort to major bone reformation in the following spring. If the mechanism of bone remodelling in polar bears can be understood, many bedridden humans, and even astronauts, could potentially benefit. The medical benefits of the polar bear for humanity certainly have their importance in our conservation efforts, but these should not be the only factors taken into consideration. We tend to want to protect animals we think are intelligent and possess emotions, such as elephants and primates. Bears, on the other hand, seem to be perceived as stupid and, in many cases, violent. And yet anecdotal evidence from the field challenges those assumptions, suggesting, for example, that polar bears have good problem-solving abilities. A male bear called GoGo in Tennoji Zoo, Osaka, has even been observed making use of a tool to manipulate his environment. The bear used a tree branch on multiple occasions to dislodge a piece of meat hung out of his reach. Problem-solving ability has also been witnessed in wild polar bears, although not as obviously as with GoGo. A calculated move by a male bear involved running and jumping onto barrels in an attempt to get to a photographer standing on a platform four metres high. In other studies, such as one by Alison Annes in 2008, polar bears showed deliberate and focused manipulation. For example, Annes observed bears putting objects in piles and then knocking them over in what appeared to be a game. The study demonstrates that bears are capable of agile and thought-out behaviours. These examples suggest bears have greater creativity and problem-solving abilities than previously thought. As for emotions while the evidence is once again anecdotal, many bears have been seen to hit out at ice and snow — seemingly out of frustration — when they have just missed out on a kill. Moreover, polar bears can form unusual relationships with other species, including playing with the dogs used to pull sleds in the Arctic. Remarkably, one hand-raised polar bear called Agee has formed a close relationship with her owner Mark Dumas to the point where they even swim together. This is even more astonishing since polar bears are known to actively hunt humans in the wild. If climate change were to lead to their extinction, this would mean not only the loss of potential breakthroughs in human medicine, but more importantly, the disappearance of an intelligent, majestic animal. Questions 1-7 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage? On your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 67. Polar bears suffer from various health problems due to the build-up of fat under their skin. ________ 68. The study done by Liu and his colleagues compared different groups of polar bears. ________ 69 Liu and colleagues were the first researchers to compare polar bears and brown bears genetically. ________ 70. Polar bears are able to control their levels of bad cholesterol by genetic means. ________ 71. Female polar bears are able to survive for about six months without food. ________ 72. It was found that the bones of female polar bears were very weak when they came out of their dens in spring. ________ 73. The polar bear’s mechanism for increasing bone density could also be used by people one day. ________ Questions 8-13 74. Complete the table below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers for 8-13 on your answer sheet. Reasons why polar bears should be protected People think of bears as unintelligent and ________ . However, this may not be correct. For example: ·In Tennoji Zoo, a bear has been seen using a branch as a ________. This allowed him to knock down some ________. ·A wild polar bear worked out a method of reaching a platform where a ________ was located. ·Polar bears have displayed behaviour such as conscious manipulation of objects and activity similar to a ________. Bears may also display emotions. For example: ·They may make movements suggesting ________ if disappointed when hunting. ·They may form relationships with other species. 【答案】67. FALSE 68. FALSE 69. NOT GIVEN 70. TRUE 71. TRUE 72. FALSE 73. TRUE 74. ①. violent ②. tool ③. meat ④. photographer ⑤. game ⑥. frustration 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出保护北极熊意义重大。它们独特基因和生理机制可为人类心脏病和骨质疏松研究提供线索，且研究显示它们具备较高的智商与情感，是值得保护的智慧生物。 【67题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease. Yet the polar bear experiences no such consequences.(拥有相对较高脂肪含量的人会被视为肥胖者，并且很可能会患上糖尿病和心脏病。然而，北极熊却不会出现这样的情况)”可知，“北极熊由于皮下脂肪堆积过多而患上了多种健康问题”错误。故填FALSE。 【68题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They compared the genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears.(他们将北极熊的基因结构与它们在气候更温暖的地区（即棕熊）中的近亲的基因结构进行了比较)”可知，他们比较的是北极熊和棕熊，故“刘和他的同事们所做的这项研究对不同种类的北极熊进行了比较”错误。故填FALSE。 【69题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues sheds light on this mystery. They compared the genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears. This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in one of the toughest environments on Earth. Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) — a form of ‘bad’ cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated with increased risk of heart disease. Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans.( 2014年，刘世平及其同事一项研究揭示了这一谜团。他们将北极熊的基因结构与它们来自更温暖气候的近亲——棕熊的基因结构进行了比较。通过这种方式，他们得以确定使北极熊能够在地球上最恶劣环境中生存下来的基因。刘和他的同事们发现，北极熊拥有一个名为 APoB 的基因，该基因能降低低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的水平——这是一种“有害”的胆固醇形式。在人类中，该基因的突变与心脏病风险增加有关。因此，北极熊或许可以成为研究人类心脏病的重要模型)”可知，“刘及其团队是首批对北极熊和棕熊进行基因比较的研究人员”没有提及。故填NOT GIVEN。 【70题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) — a form of ‘bad’ cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated with increased risk of heart disease.(刘和他的同事们发现，北极熊体内有一种名为APoB的基因，这种基因能够降低低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的含量——这是一种“有害”的胆固醇形式。在人类中，该基因的突变与心脏病风险的增加有关)”可知，“北极熊能够通过基因手段来控制其体内有害胆固醇的含量”正确。故填TRUE。 【71题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This process results in about six months of fasting, where the female bears have to keep themselves and their cubs alive, depleting their own calcium and calorie reserves.(这一过程会导致母熊持续约六个月的禁食状态，期间它们必须竭尽全力维持自身和幼崽的生命，从而消耗掉自身的钙质和能量储备)”可知，“雌性北极熊在没有食物的情况下能够存活约六个月”正确。故填TRUE。 【72题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In addition, six months later, when they finally emerged from the den with their cubs, there was no evidence of significant loss of bone density.(此外，六个月后，当它们带着幼崽从洞穴中出来时，没有发现骨密度有明显下降的迹象)”可知，“研究发现，雌性北极熊在春季从洞穴中出来时，其骨骼非常脆弱”错误。故填FALSE。 【73题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“If the mechanism of bone remodelling in polar bears can be understood, many bedridden humans, and even astronauts, could potentially benefit.(如果能够了解北极熊骨骼重塑的机制，那么许多长期卧床的病人以及宇航员都有可能从中受益)”可知，“北极熊增加骨密度的机制或许有一天也能被人类所利用”正确。故填TRUE。 【74题详解】 1.根据第五段“Bears, on the other hand, seem to be perceived as stupid and, in many cases, violent.(而熊则往往被人们认为是愚蠢，并且在很多情况下还被认为具有攻击性)”可知，人们认为熊是愚蠢且凶猛的动物。故填violent。 2.根据第五段“A male bear called GoGo in Tennoji Zoo, Osaka, has even been observed making use of a tool to manipulate his environment.(位于大阪天野岛动物园的一只名叫“戈戈”的雄性熊，甚至被观察到会利用工具来改变其所处环境)”可知，在天野动物园里，有人看到一只熊用一根树枝当作工具来使用。故填tool。 3.根据第五段“The bear used a tree branch on multiple occasions to dislodge a piece of meat hung out of his reach.(这只熊多次利用一根树枝来取下悬在它够不着的地方的一块肉)”可知，这使得他得以击落一些肉。故填meat。 4.根据第五段“A calculated move by a male bear involved running and jumping onto barrels in an attempt to get to a photographer standing on a platform four metres high.(一只雄性熊精心策划了一次行动，它先是奔跑，然后跳上一个个木桶，试图冲向站在四米高平台上的一位摄影师)”可知，一只野生北极熊找到了一种方法，能够到达一位摄影师所站立的平台处。故填photographer。 5.根据第六段“For example, Annes observed bears putting objects in piles and then knocking them over in what appeared to be a game.(例如，安妮斯观察到熊会把一些物品堆在一起，然后又把它们推倒，这看起来像是它们在进行一种游戏)”可知，北极熊的行为表现出了诸如有意识地操控物体以及类似游戏般活动的特征。故填game。 6.根据倒数第二段“As for emotions while the evidence is once again anecdotal, many bears have been seen to hit out at ice and snow — seemingly out of frustration — when they have just missed out on a kill.(至于这些动物的情绪方面，由于相关证据仍属零散的个案报道，但有目击者称，许多熊在未能捕获猎物时会对着冰面和雪地猛扑过去——似乎是因为感到沮丧所致)”可知，在狩猎时如果感到失望，它们可能会做出一些表现出沮丧的举动。故填frustration。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年上学期期末考试 高一年级英语 本试卷共14页。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 注意事项：1．答卷前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。 2．答题时请按要求用笔。 3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 听力(1～20小题，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What kind of car will the speakers buy? A. The one with four doors. B. The one with two doors. C. The one in red. 2. Why does the man make the call? A. To confirm a booking. B. To make a booking. C. To change a booking. 3. What will the man probably do today? A. Ask for sick leave. B See a doctor after work. C. Invite his manager to his house. 4. When does the conversation take place? A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A teacher. B. An exam. C. Chemistry. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，总分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How will the speakers go to the new Italian place? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car. 7. What will Rob do tonight? A. Eat out. B. Meet friends. C. Fly to London. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A weekend plan. B. A delicious picnic. C. The beautiful scenery. 9. What did the woman plan to do? A. Walk along the park. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a concert. 10. What is the woman’s attitude toward climbing in the end? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Tired. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Which tie does the woman think matches the man’s jacket? A. The green one. B. The black one. C. The red one. 12. Why doesn’t the woman like high heels? A. They aren’t beautiful. B. They are uncomfortable to wear. C. They don’t match the dress. 13. What does the man mean in the end? A. He knows a cafe nearby. B He can’t decide what to buy. C. He doesn’t want to go on shopping. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How many people were there on the train? A. 17. B. 18. C. 20. 15. Why did the bus lose control? A. It had a fault. B. It caught fire inside. C. The road was wet. 16. What was the result of the car accident? A. The car’s fuel tank exploded. B. The car crashed into water. C. Frane broke his arm. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When did the students get to school? A. At 4:30. B. At 5:00. C. At 5:30. 18. How did the speaker feel when the coach arrived? A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Sad. 19. What did the speaker get for her sister? A. A dress. B. A bag. C. A T-shirt. 20. What did the speaker like best about this trip? A. The boat trip. B. The comfortable hotel. C. The shopping experience. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。 A As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also known as World Heritage Day, we’ve selected four archaeological (考古) sites in China that deserve exploration. Zhoukoudian, Beijing Zhoukoudian, a UNESCO heritage site located 50 km from downtown Beijing, has been a significant site. At various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”, who lived 30,000 years ago. Sanxingdui Ruins site, Sichuan province As one of the greatest archeological finds of the 20th century, the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed to be the remains of the Shu Kingdom, dating back at least 4,800 years and lasting over 2,000 years. The ruins are located in Guanghan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province, covering 12 square kilometers. The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province The Yinxu Ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Anyang city, Henan province, was an ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC-11th century BC). Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文) discovered so far in the world. The Daming Palace, Shaanxi province Famous for its super-large scale and magnificent buildings, Daming Palace was the main royal palace in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) where Tang emperors lived and dealt with state affairs. Covering 3.2 square kilometers, it fully demonstrates the majestic style of grand architecture during the Tang empire. 1. Which site reflects the earliest human? A. Zhoukoudian. B. The Yinxu Ruins. C. The Daming Palace. D. Sanxingdui Ruins site. 2. What is the Yinxu Ruins known for? A. The grand architecture. B. Oracle bone inscriptions. C. Royal palace in the Tang Dynasty. D. The remains of the Shu Kingdom. 3. Where can the text probably be found? A. In a novel. B. In a biography. C. In a history book. D. In a guidebook. B For many, especially teenage girls, change can be terrifying. It often takes weeks, months, or even longer to adjust to new experiences. This is true for a significant milestone that so many students fear: the beginning of high school. When I started high school, it felt like my entire world had turned upside down. Since I came from a small middle school, the leap to a larger all-girls school was stressful. I worried about fitting in this new environment. To make matters even more daunting, my best friend chose a different school, leaving me to brave this new chapter (篇章) on my own. Luckily, our school worked hard to ensure freshmen felt comfortable during their first year of high school. On the very first day, we took part in Tiger Camp, a camp designed to ease us into high school life. We played team-building games, met our small group leaders, and got to know our classmates better. By the end of the camp, I already felt a sense of belonging. Once the school year started, one of the first major events I attended was the Club Carnival, which introduced us high school freshmen to a wide variety of extracurricular activities here. I joined the Friendly Fashion Club and a book club, both of which gave me a chance to meet like-minded students. After I adapted (适应) to the new school, there were still more challenges waiting for me. The workload was heavy, and I quickly realized that keeping up with the numerous subjects and constant assignments would be challenging: Not only did the subjects become more difficult, but the expectations were higher, and the exams seemed much. However, as time went on, I began to develop better time management skills and learned how to deal with my studies better. With time, I learned to accept the challenges, knowing that every difficulty was an opportunity to get better. As I discovered, even the worst storms pass, and just as clouds give way to blue skies, my fears eventually disappeared. 4. What does “daunting” underlined in paragraph 2 mean? A. Confusing. B. Frightening. C. Surprising. D. Encouraging. 5. How did the events held by the school mainly help the writer? A. By providing academic support. B. By teaching her study methods. C. By introducing her to her teachers. D. By involving her in community. 6. Paragraph 5 mainly about the author’s ________. A. fearful heart B. easy adaptation C. peer pressure D. academic stress 7. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. The writer found high school painful. B. The writer achieved personal growth. C. The writer considered difficulties as blocks. D. The writer found fears stayed despite efforts. C Do you want to go to play some basketball in between hitting the books？Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, "While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physical changes in the brain.” The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies, Babies who often do activities show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. Even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a scientist, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in primary school or high school can result from a lack of movement as babies. Older people can develop their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors aged from 70 to 79. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. Also, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as yoga or tai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. When you exercise, your heart rate increases, which in turn increases blood flow to the brain. This helps to stimulate the growth of new brain cells and improve overall brain function. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week. 8. What is the connection between exercise and brain development? A. Exercise helps soften our blood vessels. B. The brain needs special mental exercise. C. Physical exercise helps us think better. D. The more exercise, the bigger the brain. 9. Why is yoga or tai-chi suggested for seniors? A. It is very simple for old people. B. It does good to the bones of old people. C. It does not increase the heart rate. D. It involves learning new skills. 10. How long do you need to exercise at least every week to improve brain function? A. 1 hour. B. 2 hours. C. 3 hours. D. 5 hours. 11. What is the main idea of this text? A. How to exercise every week. B. How exercise makes people strong. C. How exercise helps the brain develop. D. How the brain can change one’s memory. D Recently, there have been huge advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs that create art. The programs, which create artworks based on short descriptions, have amazed many people. They have also raised difficult questions. The AI tools are entertaining and powerful. They allow people to quickly see almost any idea they can imagine, even if they aren’t artists. For some creative workers, like those at companies that create ads or images, the tools allow them to quickly explore new ideas. These new AI art tools are all trained in similar ways — using massive collections of pictures with matching descriptions. The programs begin to create new images with a random pattern of dots. Step by step, they use their training to change the pattern until parts of the image begin to match the description. These AI programs can make strange mistakes. But with the right description, the tools are able to create images of just about anything in just about any style. Many artists say they’re now competing against computers for attention, prizes and jobs. It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet. In August, an artwork created with AI tools won first prize at the Colorado State Fair. The images and the descriptions used to train these AI programs were taken from the Internet. Because of this, the tools can produce images that aren’t appropriate. Perhaps more importantly, the creators of the training pictures — the artists, the photographers, and even the people in the pictures — haven’t given permission for their images to be used. That has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal. This is an area where the law isn’t clear. Some people are starting to think about the legal problems the artworks could bring. A few websites and businesses, such as Getty Images, have said they will no longer accept work created by using these AI tools. 12. What does paragraph 3 focus on? A. How useful AI art tools are. B. How AI art tools correct mistakes. C. How AI art tools create images. D. How AI art tools explore new ideas. 13. How may many artists feel about the AI art tools? A. Upset. B. Excited. C. Amazed. D. Curious. 14. Which of the following is a disadvantage of the AI art tools? A. They are difficult to train. B. They often make mistakes. C. They may break some laws. D. They are too expensive. 15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A. The Rapid Development of AI Technology B. The Use of AI in Art: Benefits and Shortcomings C. How AI Art Tools Create Amazing Artworks D. The Legal Problems Caused by AI Art 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you often find it hard to stay focused when studying? ____16____ Distractions are everywhere in daily life, making it difficult to concentrate on learning tasks well.This problem troubles most high school students deeply, so I’m writing to give you some solutions to this. Stick to a fixed study routine. Your brain works best when it follows a regular schedule. You can assign specific time slots to each subject daily, like 7-8 pm for math and 8:15-9:15 pm for English. ____17____ Gradually, your brain will get used to focusing at those fixed times and enter the learning state quickly without extra adjustment. ____18____ Phones are the top distraction for most students, so put your phone in another room or turn on airplane mode before study. Besides, clear your desk of snacks, toys and other irrelevant items. A tidy and simple space helps your mind stay away from random thoughts and lock onto the task ahead. Break down big tasks into small parts. Heavy study tasks often make you feel overwhelmed and easily distracted at the very start. For example, finish 10 math exercises instead of a whole chapter, or recite 20 words instead of a full unit. Small goals are easy to achieve, and each success will encourage you to keep focusing further. ____19____ Take short regular breaks timely. Long-time non-stop study will make your attention drop sharply rather than boost efficiency. You can follow the 50-10 rule: study for 50 minutes and then take a 10-minute break. During the break, stretch your body, look far into the distance or drink some warm water to relax your brain, which can effectively refresh your focus. ____20____ Stick to these methods and keep practicing consistently, and you will surely concentrate better on your study and make greater progress step by step. A. Create a distraction-free study space. B. Force yourself to study for long hours non-stop. C. It tells your brain when to focus and when to relax. D. This sense of achievement will strengthen your focus more. E. Mastering the skill of focus is key to improving study efficiency. F. You might sit at the desk for an hour but get little done due to distractions. G. Keep checking your phone to avoid missing messages. 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At sixty years old, Sarah Cook wanted to start a new life. She bought a travel bike, ____21____ her few belongings, and left her house with them. When she rode away from the airport in Vancouver, she gained something she hadn’t had for years—____22____. What was meant to be a six-month adventure soon ____23____ a new way of life. After 111 days, she got to Bolivia. By then, Sarah already knew the ____24____ was her home—each new day brought ____25____ to her—something she had never seen. In the past seven years, she has ____26____ more than 24,000 miles. Before, Sarah was a doctor and later taught her four children at home for many years. And at that time, she ____27____ believed that was all of her world. But when her children grew up and left, she felt ____28____. “Who am I now?” she asked herself. To find the answer, she ____29____ to travel the world one mile at a time. Riding a bike ____30____ her to like the journey and accept whatever came. Some days brought sunshine and laughter; others brought rain, ____31____ muscles, and endless hills. But every time she stepped on the pedals (脚踏板), she felt like her heart was ____32____, light and unburdened. She learned that ____33____ isn’t from things or places, but from the fun of moving ahead, overcoming small challenges, and feeling ____34____ in the moment. Now sixty-seven, Sarah ____35____ riding to any place the road takes her to. “Home,” she says, “isn’t a house. It’s the peace you feel when you know you’re exactly where you’re meant to be.” 21. A. displayed B. packed C. donated D. counted 22. A. attention B. patience C. freedom D. expectation 23. A. turned into B. took up C. looked for D. held back 24. A. factory B. road C. school D. hospital 25. A. tasks B. purposes C. secrets D. surprises 26. A. covered B. searched C. driven D. hiked 27. A. secretly B. hardly C. firmly D. suddenly 28. A. proud B. relieved C. excited D. lost 29. A. agreed B. hesitated C. decided D. promised 30. A. taught B. warned C. advised D. permitted 31. A. flexible B. relaxed C. strong D. sore 32. A. sinking B. flying C. shaking D. melting 33. A. happiness B. luck C. health D. confidence 34. A. safe B. busy C. curious D. alive 35. A. minds B. quits C. continues D. avoids 第四部分 语言运用(共四节，满分45分) 第一节 课文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据原文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 I ____36____ that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. It is not unusual for teenagers of your ____37____ to be attracted ____38____ computer games and the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it difficult to focus on other things in life. Some students even become ____39____ to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend to try new hobbies. Why not discuss the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you, ____40____ you are his good friend. When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to stand ____41____. The player who became known ____42____ “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his ____43____ moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental ____44____ that he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his _____45_____. 第二节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据首字母或汉语提示填空，每空一词。 46. The s________ of the accident were sent to the nearest hospital immediately. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. Maria will g________ from high school next summer and start her college life. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. English is one of the o________ languages of Canada. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. After a long and tiring journey, we finally reached the d________ as the sun set. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. It is e________ cold outside today, so you’d better put on a thick coat. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. The child was ________ (焦虑)when she couldn’t find her parents. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Comfortable ________ (住处) is provided by the hotel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. Please ________ (联系) me via e-mail if you have any questions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Everyone needs to dress ________(正式地) for the wedding. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. The little boy ________ (假装) to be asleep when his parents came into the room. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 56. Teachers should answer students’ questions patiently to meet their ________ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. This building ________ (design) by a world-famous architect last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. Initially, I didn’t understand some ________ (confuse) facts, but soon Alice got them across to me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. My English level got ________ (improve) thanks to my English teacher. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. The girl has changed beyond ________ (recognize) with years passing by. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. Bob can speak English ________ (fluent) so it is easy for him to communicate with foreigners. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. Susan said she was greatly ________ (honour) to become a teacher in her school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. More than 10,000 ________ (compete) from different countries came to Beijing to take part in the Olympics Games. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64. It’s important to take control ________ your emotions in difficult situations. (用适当的词填空) 65. Can you explain what has happened ________ detail? (用适当的词填空) 第四节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Linda准备暑假来中国旅游，请你写一封电子邮件，向她推荐成都。 要点： 1. 推荐城市； 2. 推荐理由； 3. 你的祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Linda ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第五部分 附加题(1～13小题，满分10分) Why We Need to Protect Polar Bears Polar bears are being increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change, but their disappearance could have far-reaching consequences. They are uniquely adapted to the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle, where temperatures can reach -40°C. One reason for this is that they have up to 11 centimetres of fat underneath their skin. Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease. Yet the polar bear experiences no such consequences. A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues sheds light on this mystery. They compared the genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears. This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in one of the toughest environments on Earth. Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) —a form of ‘bad’ cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated with increased risk of heart disease. Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans. The genome of the polar bear may also provide the solution for another condition, one that particularly affects our older generation: osteoporosis. This is a disease where bones show reduced density, usually caused by insufficient exercise, reduced calcium intake or food starvation. Bone tissue is constantly being remodelled, meaning that bone is added or removed, depending on nutrient availability and the stress that the bone is under. Female polar bears, however, undergo extreme conditions during every pregnancy. Once autumn comes around, these females will dig maternity dens in the snow and will remain there throughout the winter, both before and after the birth of their cubs. This process results in about six months of fasting, where the female bears have to keep themselves and their cubs alive, depleting their own calcium and calorie reserves. Despite this, their bones remain strong and dense. Physiologists Alanda Lennox and Allen Goodship found an explanation for this paradox in 2008. They discovered that pregnant bears were able to increase the density of their bones before they started to build their dens. In addition, six months later, when they finally emerged from the den with their cubs, there was no evidence of significant loss of bone density. Hibernating brown bears do not have this capacity and must therefore resort to major bone reformation in the following spring. If the mechanism of bone remodelling in polar bears can be understood, many bedridden humans, and even astronauts, could potentially benefit. The medical benefits of the polar bear for humanity certainly have their importance in our conservation efforts, but these should not be the only factors taken into consideration. We tend to want to protect animals we think are intelligent and possess emotions, such as elephants and primates. Bears, on the other hand, seem to be perceived as stupid and, in many cases, violent. And yet anecdotal evidence from the field challenges those assumptions, suggesting, for example, that polar bears have good problem-solving abilities. A male bear called GoGo in Tennoji Zoo, Osaka, has even been observed making use of a tool to manipulate his environment. The bear used a tree branch on multiple occasions to dislodge a piece of meat hung out of his reach. Problem-solving ability has also been witnessed in wild polar bears, although not as obviously as with GoGo. A calculated move by a male bear involved running and jumping onto barrels in an attempt to get to a photographer standing on a platform four metres high. In other studies, such as one by Alison Annes in 2008, polar bears showed deliberate and focused manipulation. For example, Annes observed bears putting objects in piles and then knocking them over in what appeared to be a game. The study demonstrates that bears are capable of agile and thought-out behaviours. These examples suggest bears have greater creativity and problem-solving abilities than previously thought. As for emotions while the evidence is once again anecdotal, many bears have been seen to hit out at ice and snow — seemingly out of frustration — when they have just missed out on a kill. Moreover, polar bears can form unusual relationships with other species, including playing with the dogs used to pull sleds in the Arctic. Remarkably, one hand-raised polar bear called Agee has formed a close relationship with her owner Mark Dumas to the point where they even swim together. This is even more astonishing since polar bears are known to actively hunt humans in the wild. If climate change were to lead to their extinction, this would mean not only the loss of potential breakthroughs in human medicine, but more importantly, the disappearance of an intelligent, majestic animal. Questions 1-7 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage? On your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 67. Polar bears suffer from various health problems due to the build-up of fat under their skin. ________ 68. The study done by Liu and his colleagues compared different groups of polar bears. ________ 69. Liu and colleagues were the first researchers to compare polar bears and brown bears genetically. ________ 70. Polar bears are able to control their levels of bad cholesterol by genetic means. ________ 71. Female polar bears are able to survive for about six months without food. ________ 72. It was found that the bones of female polar bears were very weak when they came out of their dens in spring. ________ 73. The polar bear’s mechanism for increasing bone density could also be used by people one day. ________ Questions 8-13 74. Complete the table below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers for 8-13 on your answer sheet. Reasons why polar bears should be protected People think of bears as unintelligent and ________ . However, this may not be correct. For example: ·In Tennoji Zoo, a bear has been seen using a branch as a ________. This allowed him to knock down some ________. ·A wild polar bear worked out a method of reaching a platform where a ________ was located. ·Polar bears have displayed behaviour such as conscious manipulation of objects and activity similar to a ________. Bears may also display emotions. For example: ·They may make movements suggesting ________ if disappointed when hunting. ·They may form relationships with other species. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $