精品解析：黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校2025-2026学年高一上学期期末英语试题

哈尔滨市第九中学校2025-2026学年度 高一上学期期末考试英语试卷 （考试时间：120分钟满分150分共5页） 第Ⅰ卷（满分95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Who is probably the man? A. A student. B. A librarian. C. A bookseller. 2. Why is Wayne off today? A. He has to see a doctor. B. He is taking a vacation. C. He has a family emergency. 3. Where are probably the speakers? A. On the subway. B. At school. C. On the bus. 4. Which language is the man struggling with? A. Russian. B. Chinese. C. French. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A charity event. B. A fire disaster. C. An artist. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Which game did the woman’s team lose? A. A basketball game. B. A volleyball game. C. A baseball game. 7. How did the woman improve after losing the math contest? A By working on more difficult problems. B. By practicing solving problems faster. C. By checking every step carefully. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did the woman do on the first day? A. She danced at a local festival. B. She tried making sandwiches. C. She explored the neighborhood. 9. Who bought the woman a scarf? A. Ava. B. Uncle Carlos. C. Aunt Maria. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When is National Hugging Day? A. On January 19th. B. On January 20th. C. On January 21st. 11. Why did the woman hug the man last week? A. To celebrate a good grade. B. To comfort him after a failure. C. To perform a science experiment. 12. What does the woman’s father say about hugs? A. They can bring happiness. B. They help develop a friendship. C. They help lower blood pressure. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why was the London Eye originally built? A. For a celebration. B. For a world record. C. For the tourism industry. 14. What is special about the Singapore Flyer? A. Each of its cars holds 40 people. B. It is the world’s tallest Ferris wheel. C. It functions normally in bad weather. 15. How long does it take the High Roller to go around one time? A. About 20 minutes. B. About half an hour. C. About an hour. 16. What do the Singapore Flyer and Ain Dubai have in common? A. Both are over 200 meters high. B Both have air-conditioned cars. C. Both were built before 2000. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is a benefit of working from home according to Jacinta Allan? A. Increasing productivity. B. Reducing traffic on roads. C. Improving family relationship. 18. What does the story of Jacinta Allan’s mother show? A. Different marriage traditions. B. Women’s challenge in the workplace. C. The impact of long working hours on health. 19. What percentage of Australians already work from home? A. Around 10%. B. About 25%. C. More than 33%. 20. What is Nick Reece’s opinion on the law? A. It’s warmly welcomed. B. It’s unfair to some extent. C. It’s hard to come into effect. 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，在A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项。 A It’s no wonder that the train from London to Edinburgh is one of Trainline’s top three bestselling routes for American travelers. Here are the most popular routes to explore the Scottish Highlands by train, all starting in Edinburgh. For those seeking out the fabled Loch Ness monster, Inverness is the closest train station to the famous lake. From the station, travelers can take a bus or taxi to Fort Augustus and board a boat tour or fishing charter to try to spot the creature. Even if she isn’t found, Loch Ness is still a sight for the eyes, with a historic port and trails through the forests and past waterfalls. Being Scotland’s second-largest lake and holding more water than any other lake in the U. K., Loch Ness is a great place to fish or boat. Although a long train ride, the trip from Edinburgh to Mallaig, a charming fishing village, is worth it. This route offers some of the best scenery in the world — in fact, riders might recognize the train, which goes over the Glenfinnan Viaduct, as Harry Potter’s Hogwarts Express. Travelers can board the 19th-century-inspired Jacobite Steam Train and wind past attractive villages, the Morar River and beaches. At an altitude of over 4,412 feet, Ben Nevis is an ancient volcano that exploded and collapsed on itself to become the tallest mountain in the British Isles. Travelers can take the train to Fort William, a town offering castles, distilleries, and rocky coastlines. The town is also titled as the “Outdoor Capital” of Scotland, so thrill seekers can go skiing and hiking to their hearts’ desire. If hiking Ben Nevis doesn’t sound appealing, there’s also a boat tour that provides impressive views. 1. What can be learned about the train to Mallaig? A. It has the longest train route in Scotland. B. It goes past a famous lake in Scotland. C. It once appeared in the movie Harry Potter. D. It was invented in the 19th century. 2. What do the three routes have in common? A. They extend along the south coast. B. They win popularity with global travelers. C. They offer a chance to explore historical castles. D. They share the same starting station. 3. Which place is best suited to sports lovers? A. Fort Augustus. B. Mallaig. C. Glenfinnan Viaduct. D. Fort William. B Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters-even the bills-appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us. 4. What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A. He’s open-minded. B. He’s sharp-eyed. C. He’s warm-hearted. D. He’s strong-willed. 5. What does the underlined word ‌“disparaged” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Refused. B. Criticized. C. Investigated. D. Suspended. 6. What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A. He drove Butch to its owner. B. He sent presents to his friends. C. He prepared a retirement party. D. He said goodbye to the neighbors. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a respected mail carrier. B. To record an unforgettable experience. C. To raise funds for the postal service. D. To call for harmony in the community. C Bacteria (细菌) know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d truly prefer to settle, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life. Lingchong You, a biologist at Duke University, along with his team, used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2024 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand company (陪伴) of others. Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets, there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone gets a state of satisfaction. However, it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well. Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful; in fact, many perform vital jobs. The important question is, therefore, are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about? In 2017, Jennifer Quinlan, a professor of food safety, and her colleagues, collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes, finding that only 1-2% of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan. “Having said that, there is a possibility that if you use a sponge to wipe up raw meat, you could have some of those disease-causing bacteria on there, and studies have found that those bacteria can be separated from kitchen sponges. This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case. 8. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen. B. Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment. C. Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria. D. Bacteria affect kitchen sponges’ performance. 9. What did Lingchong You find in his study? A. How sponges are exactly structured. B. What encourages bacterial growth. C. How bacteria react to the environment. D. Why bacteria keep company with each other. 10. What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges? A Relatively harmless. B. Poorly adaptive. C. Surprisingly unpleasant. D. Widely distributed. 11. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A. Proofs of bacterial threat. B. The varieties of bacteria. C. Methods to control bacterial growth. D. Researches into usage of bacteria. D You meet someone new, trade a few words, and it feels like you’ve known them forever. With others, no matter how much time you spend together, the connection never comes. Why? A new study shows that people whose brains respond in similar ways to the world are more likely to become friends later. In the study, Carolyn Parkinson at the University of California, Los Angeles and her colleagues employed 288 students. Just before classes began and before anyone had a chance to build connections, each student entered a brain scanner. Inside, they watched 14 short movie clips (片段), covering documentaries, comedies, debates, food, sports and science. The researchers tracked activity across 214 brain regions. Each student’s brain left a unique signature of how they paid attention, reacted, and interpreted what they saw. Two months later, all the students in the program completed surveys asking who they spent free time with. They repeated the surveys six months after that. These results created a living map of friendships — who became close, who separated and who stayed distant. When the researchers compared this map to the brain data, patterns appeared. Students who became friends eight months later had already shown more similar brain responses back at the start. The strongest overlap (重叠) appeared in the orbitofrontal cortex, a region linked to how we assign value and meaning. Interestingly, at the two-month mark, there was no big difference between the brains of friends and non-friends, meaning that early friendships may form out of convenience — living nearby, attending the same events, or sitting together in class. But as time passes, people sort themselves out. Those with deeper neural similarities grow closer. Others move away. The brain regions that matter most belong to networks that combine together memories, beliefs, and emotions into a picture of what’s happening. When two people’s brains line up in these areas, conversations flow more easily, and communication feels natural. “People whose thinking processes are more similar find it easier to get on. When they say something, they know what the other is thinking because it’s how they think themselves,” explained Carolyn Parkinson. 12. What were the students made to do during the study? A. Film a few videos focused on friendships. B. Watch videos of different styles and topics. C. Report their feelings after watching videos. D. Share their personal social activities in life. 13. What is the key factor in forming long-term friendships according to the study? A. Shared tastes in lifestyle. B. Common living environments. C. Frequent communication. D. Similar brain response patterns. 14. Why do people with similar brain responses connect better? A. They have more opportunities to meet each other. B. They are more skilled at expressing emotions. C. They interpret the world in a similar way. D. They enjoy the same hobbies and activities. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. The Science Behind Lasting Friendships B. The Role of Brain Scans in Friendship C. When Similar People Become Friends D. How Friendships Develop Over Time 第二节（共5小题；每题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项，选项中的两项为多余选项。 Friendship is a practice of unconditional love, an opportunity to grow together towards fulfillment (成就), and a journey to unfold the most precious capacities of a human being. ___16___Here 4 key points to develop and sustain a true friendship. ___17___Many times we blame the other person for what we feel, without realizing that we are presenting the bad power to him/her. This is not, however, something we must be afraid of or we should avoid. When we create a bond of affection with another human being, we are automatically vulnerable to the actions that are produced by this person. Being aware of that, we would be better off if we take responsibility and accept the emotions that come up in our inner world instead of blaming the other for what we are feeling. Provide support and encouragement. Friendships aren’t all fun and games — they do require you put in some work. Say they’ve just quarreled with their parents or failed an exam. It’s your job to be there for them and provide them with whatever they need, starting with support and comfort. ___18___ Whatever the case, make it apparent that you’re rooting for them. Seek the good of the other person. When we love another person, we seek the good of the other because we gladden their own happiness. Therefore, our seeking for the other person’s good is totally disinterested. We serve the other without expecting anything in return. ___19___ Accept the differences. ___20___. Friendship welcomes differences and integrates them into a level of union that accepts and goes beyond them. Friendship involves recognizing that the value of the relationship is beyond our personal traits and belief system. A. Be honest with each other. B. Acts of love are made for its own sake. C. Take responsibility of your own emotions. D. Additionally, it’s your duty to give them encouragement as needed. E. Human beings are relational beings, as everything we find in the nature. F. Therefore, developing friendship with other people is essential in our lives. G. Friendship doesn’t mean having the same interests, opinions and mindset as the other person. 第三部分：英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 We were finishing the first lesson, just Lori and me. We had spent the ___21___ taking baby steps. She had led me down the shallow wheelchair-access slope into the pool, ___22___me to take a step deeper, and then another. I had been afraid of water my whole life. At age forty-four, I had no ___23___ of ever enjoying any body of water. Even walking around the edge of a pool was unsettling. I ___24___my fear in order to save face, and few people ___25___ I feared water. When the water reached my chest, Lori could tell I had reached my limit. I had ___26___my first ever swimming lesson. I breathed a sigh of___27___and turned to walk back out the shallow end. “Let's try going this way,“ Lori said. I was ___28___ as I understood what she meant. She wanted me to walk along the edge of the pool to the___29___end. I had seen the blue-painted block numbers. Five and a half feet? No way! “Just ____30____ it," Lori pressed. As the water depth increased, I moved more and more ____31____ . As we neared the 5-foot mark, my progress was so difficult that Lori ____32____ . But I inched on. I did it! I stood on the floor of the far end of the pool, ____33____ with relief and excitement. Five months later, I swam the length of the pool, enjoying ____34____ and applause from fellow swimmers. Sometimes the biggest deal of all is to walk into the shallow end and come out a winner at the ____35____ end, no matter how long it takes to get there. 21. A. hour B. day C. month D. year 22. A. forcing B. encouraging C. observing D. protecting 23. A. problem B. opinion C. memory D. time 24. A. overcame B. fought C. hated D. hid 25. A. admitted B. doubted C. knew D. wondered 26. A. got through B. held on C. kept off D. escaped from 27. A. fear B. sorrow C. worry D. relief 28. A. inspired B. shocked C. ashamed D. amused 29. A. right B. left C. opposite D. same 30. A. try B. make C. take D. get 31. A. slowly B. randomly C. hopelessly D. smoothly 32. A. dared B. regretted C. succeeded D. hesitated 33. A. trembling B. whispering C. struggling D. wandering 34. A. shouts B. tears C. cheers D. laughs 35. A. far B. close C. wide D. deep 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题满分55分） 第二节 单句填空（共20小题，每题1分，满分20分） 36. He d________ (确切地, 肯定地) knows the answer to the question — he studied it last night. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 37. In the end, we all decided to o________ (组织) a concert for the new comers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 38. Occasions are quite rare ________ I have time to spend a day with my kids. (用适当的词填空) 39. The fact ________ he failed the exam again made his parents quite worried. (用适当的词填空) 40. You can use fresh or ________ (freeze) fish to make the dish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. He tried to r________ (忍住) the temptation to eat another piece of cake. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 42. Ella w________ (包, 裹) a thick coat around her shoulders when she walked out. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 43. Her question failed to get a ________ (respond) from any of the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. His ________ (absent) from school made his head teacher angry. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. ________ (absorb) in his writing, the writer always forgot to eat and sleep. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. I can hardly express how g________ (感激的) I feel, so I will give him a present as an expression of thanks. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. There is growing public ________ (anxious) over levels of air pollution in our cities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Our teacher managed to p________ (说服) the shy boy to give a speech in front of the class. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. We all believe ________ you have devoted yourself to is sure to come true. (用适当的词填空) 50. She is our ________ (represent) at the international conference. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. I didn’t realize putting on a play ________ (involve) so much work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. ________ (feature) paintings by Picasso, the exhibition received popularity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. How can he fit everything into his busy s________ (日程表)? (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. A new school has been built in ________ was once a wasteland. (用适当的词填空) 55. Red ________ (decorate) can be seen everywhere during the Spring Festival in China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分） 语法填空 Tanghulu (also known as bingtang hulu) is a classic Chinese snack consisting of hardened sugar coated fruits on a stick. ___56___ (traditional), tanghulu is made of hawthorns that are rich ___57___ vitamin C. In recent times, tanghulu makers ___58___ (add) variety to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples or grapes. Tanghulu can taste sweet or sour depending on your fruit. Traditional tanghulu using hawthorn berries is said to taste like a ___59___ (combine) of both. You can, of course, make your own Tanghulu using any fruit you desire. Tanghulu is easier ___60___ (make) at home than you might think. The trick is to use the correct water to sugar ratio (比例) and boil the sugar water mixture ___61___ its temperature reaches 150℃. Then quickly dip your fruit skewer (扦) into the sugar mixture. This will result in fruit that’s coated in a thin layer of hard candy that cracks when ___62___ (bite) into. Tanghulu is commonly eaten in the winter. You can find ___63___ (travel) traders roaming (游荡) in the streets, selling this unique snack. If you want to try the sticky treat ___64___ (you), you can find tanghulu stands near most of the popular tourist attractions in China. Tanghulu isn’t expensive. So, what could possibly stop you from giving it ___65___ try? 第四节 读后续写（满分25分） 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 When entering seventh grade, I was excited about many new things, but one thing really bothered me — I started getting acne (长青春痘). Initially, it was just a little, but then, it seemed like overnight, my face was covered with it. I tried to hide it with my hair, but it just wouldn’t work. I was consumed with worry that my peers would make fun of me. I couldn’t concentrate in class, as my mind was constantly preoccupied with my appearance, causing my grades to slip sharply. I started to feel inferior (自卑的) to my classmates and even avoid interaction with them. I tried to get rid of the acne. I washed my face multiple times a day, using all sorts of acne creams I found. I also avoided snacks that might cause it. But all ended up in vain. One day, our school announced a sports day and the teacher asked us to form our own teams. As a sports enthusiast, I had been eagerly expecting it, but I was scared that no one would join me because of how I looked. Standing in front of the mirror, I kept imagining how my classmates would react when I asked them to team up with me. The fear of rejection held me back from approaching them. But then, Kim came to me, “Do you want to join us for the relay race? I’ve seen you run before and you’ve got the speed. If you join us, we’ll have a good chance to win.” In disbelief, I managed to utter “Yes,” still feeling self-conscious but also incredibly grateful. I, together with another three classmates, signed up for the relay race. We trained for it and discussed strategies together, none paying attention to my acne. Because of my advantage in speed, I was even assigned to run the last leg, which was the most crucial part. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then came the long-awaited sports day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The experience was a turning point to my junior life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 哈尔滨市第九中学校2025-2026学年度 高一上学期期末考试英语试卷 （考试时间：120分钟满分150分共5页） 第Ⅰ卷（满分95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Who is probably the man? A. A student. B. A librarian. C. A bookseller. 2. Why is Wayne off today? A. He has to see a doctor. B. He is taking a vacation. C. He has a family emergency. 3. Where are probably the speakers? A. On the subway. B. At school. C. On the bus. 4. Which language is the man struggling with? A. Russian. B. Chinese. C. French. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A charity event. B. A fire disaster. C. An artist. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Which game did the woman’s team lose? A. A basketball game. B. A volleyball game. C. A baseball game. 7. How did the woman improve after losing the math contest? A. By working on more difficult problems. B. By practicing solving problems faster. C. By checking every step carefully. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did the woman do on the first day? A. She danced at a local festival. B. She tried making sandwiches. C. She explored the neighborhood. 9. Who bought the woman a scarf? A. Ava. B. Uncle Carlos. C. Aunt Maria. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When is National Hugging Day? A. On January 19th. B. On January 20th. C. On January 21st. 11. Why did the woman hug the man last week? A. To celebrate a good grade. B. To comfort him after a failure. C. To perform a science experiment. 12. What does the woman’s father say about hugs? A. They can bring happiness. B. They help develop a friendship. C. They help lower blood pressure. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why was the London Eye originally built? A. For a celebration. B. For a world record. C. For the tourism industry. 14. What is special about the Singapore Flyer? A. Each of its cars holds 40 people. B. It is the world’s tallest Ferris wheel. C. It functions normally in bad weather. 15. How long does it take the High Roller to go around one time? A. About 20 minutes. B. About half an hour. C. About an hour. 16. What do the Singapore Flyer and Ain Dubai have in common? A. Both are over 200 meters high. B. Both have air-conditioned cars. C. Both were built before 2000. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is a benefit of working from home according to Jacinta Allan? A. Increasing productivity. B. Reducing traffic on roads. C Improving family relationship. 18. What does the story of Jacinta Allan’s mother show? A. Different marriage traditions. B. Women’s challenge in the workplace. C. The impact of long working hours on health. 19. What percentage of Australians already work from home? A. Around 10%. B. About 25%. C. More than 33%. 20. What is Nick Reece’s opinion on the law? A. It’s warmly welcomed. B. It’s unfair to some extent. C. It’s hard to come into effect. 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，在A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项。 A It’s no wonder that the train from London to Edinburgh is one of Trainline’s top three bestselling routes for American travelers. Here are the most popular routes to explore the Scottish Highlands by train, all starting in Edinburgh. For those seeking out the fabled Loch Ness monster, Inverness is the closest train station to the famous lake. From the station, travelers can take a bus or taxi to Fort Augustus and board a boat tour or fishing charter to try to spot the creature. Even if she isn’t found, Loch Ness is still a sight for the eyes, with a historic port and trails through the forests and past waterfalls. Being Scotland’s second-largest lake and holding more water than any other lake in the U. K., Loch Ness is a great place to fish or boat. Although a long train ride, the trip from Edinburgh to Mallaig, a charming fishing village, is worth it. This route offers some of the best scenery in the world — in fact, riders might recognize the train, which goes over the Glenfinnan Viaduct, as Harry Potter’s Hogwarts Express. Travelers can board the 19th-century-inspired Jacobite Steam Train and wind past attractive villages, the Morar River and beaches. At an altitude of over 4,412 feet, Ben Nevis is an ancient volcano that exploded and collapsed on itself to become the tallest mountain in the British Isles. Travelers can take the train to Fort William, a town offering castles, distilleries, and rocky coastlines. The town is also titled as the “Outdoor Capital” of Scotland, so thrill seekers can go skiing and hiking to their hearts’ desire. If hiking Ben Nevis doesn’t sound appealing, there’s also a boat tour that provides impressive views. 1. What can be learned about the train to Mallaig? A. It has the longest train route in Scotland. B. It goes past a famous lake in Scotland. C. It once appeared in the movie Harry Potter. D. It was invented in the 19th century. 2. What do the three routes have in common? A. They extend along the south coast. B. They win popularity with global travelers. C. They offer a chance to explore historical castles. D. They share the same starting station. 3. Which place is best suited to sports lovers? A. Fort Augustus. B. Mallaig. C. Glenfinnan Viaduct. D. Fort William. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍苏格兰的三条旅游路线。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This route offers some of the best scenery in the world— in fact, riders might recognize the train, which goes over the Glenfinnan Viaduct, as Harry Potter’s Hogwarts Express.(这条路线上有世界上最好的风景，事实上，乘客可能会认出这列经过格伦芬南高架桥的火车是哈利波特的霍格沃茨特快列车)”可知，这趟火车在电影中作为Hogwarts Express 出现。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s no wonder that the train from London to Edinburgh is one of Trainline’s top three bestselling routes for American travelers. Here are the most popular routes to explore the Scottish Highlands by train, all starting in Edinburgh.(难怪从伦敦到爱丁堡的火车是Trainline公司最受美国游客欢迎的三大线路之一。以下是乘坐火车游览苏格兰高地最受欢迎的路线，全部从爱丁堡开始)”可知，这三条路线都从爱丁堡出发。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Travelers can take the train to Fort William, a town offering castles, distilleries, and rocky coastlines. The town is also titled as the “Outdoor Capital” of Scotland, so thrill seekers can go skiing and hiking to their hearts’ desire.(游客可以乘火车去威廉堡，那里有城堡、酿酒厂和岩石海岸线。这个小镇也被称为苏格兰的“户外之都”，所以寻求刺激的人可以随心所欲地滑雪和徒步旅行)”可知，Fort William是最适合运动爱好者的地点。故选D项。 B Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters-even the bills-appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us. 4. What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A. He’s open-minded. B. He’s sharp-eyed. C. He’s warm-hearted. D. He’s strong-willed. 5. What does the underlined word ‌“disparaged” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Refused. B. Criticized. C. Investigated. D. Suspended. 6. What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A. He drove Butch to its owner. B. He sent presents to his friends. C. He prepared a retirement party. D. He said goodbye to the neighbors. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a respected mail carrier. B. To record an unforgettable experience. C. To raise funds for the postal service. D. To call for harmony in the community. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在三十多年的邮递生涯中，不仅投递邮件，还与社区居民建立了深厚的情感联系，展现了邮递员与社区之间的深厚情谊。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.(他知道所有孩子和他们的宠物的名字；他帮忙搬运杂货；他会注意没有锁的门，提供园艺建议，还教了不少小男孩曲线球的技巧)”可知，吉姆·约翰逊不仅投递邮件，还关心社区居民的生活，提供各种帮助，由此可推知，他是一个热心肠的人。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.(尽管现在邮政服务经常受到disparaged，但人们对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在)”可知，句中前后文之间是转折关系，“is often disparaged now”与“the trust...lives on”形成对比。结合选项可推知，disparaged意为“批评”，与“信任依然存在”形成对比。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.(在每一站，吉姆都接受了那些已经成为他家人的家庭的离别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，还有充满温暖回忆的拥抱)”可知，吉姆在工作最后几天除了日常投递邮件外，还与邻居们告别。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.(邮递员吉姆·约翰逊堪称威尔明顿市中心以北韦斯特莫兰、西黑文及韦斯托弗山绿树成荫街区的标志性人物——他递送的远不止是邮件)”、最后一段“It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us.(吉姆离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义)”以及全文对吉姆·约翰逊邮递生涯的描述可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念这位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A项。 C Bacteria (细菌) know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d truly prefer to settle, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life. Lingchong You, a biologist at Duke University, along with his team, used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2024 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand company (陪伴) of others. Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets, there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone gets a state of satisfaction. However, it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well. Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful; in fact, many perform vital jobs. The important question is, therefore, are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about? In 2017, Jennifer Quinlan, a professor of food safety, and her colleagues, collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes, finding that only 1-2% of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan. “Having said that, there is a possibility that if you use a sponge to wipe up raw meat, you could have some of those disease-causing bacteria on there, and studies have found that those bacteria can be separated from kitchen sponges. This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case. 8. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen. B. Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment. C. Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria. D. Bacteria affect kitchen sponges’ performance. 9. What did Lingchong You find in his study? A. How sponges are exactly structured. B. What encourages bacterial growth. C. How bacteria react to the environment. D. Why bacteria keep company with each other. 10. What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges? A. Relatively harmless. B. Poorly adaptive. C. Surprisingly unpleasant. D. Widely distributed. 11. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A. Proofs of bacterial threat. B. The varieties of bacteria. C. Methods to control bacterial growth. D. Researches into usage of bacteria. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了厨房海绵是细菌的理想家园及相关研究情况。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ask most of them where they’d truly prefer to settle, and a kitchen sponge would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life. (问一问大多数细菌它们真正喜欢在哪里定居，厨房海绵很可能会排在首位。是的，事实证明，我们用来清洁盘子的工具——温暖、潮湿、充满了营养丰富的食物碎片——充满了微小的生命)”可知，厨房海绵是细菌的理想家园。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lingchong You, a biologist at Duke University, along with his team, used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2024 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. (杜克大学的生物学家Lingchong You和他的团队在2024年的一项研究中，利用计算机模拟了海绵的复杂环境。他发现，具有不同大小孔洞的海绵结构对促进细菌生长至关重要。)”可知，Lingchong You在他的研究中发现了是什么促进了细菌的生长。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中““The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan. (Quinlan说：“海绵上的绝大多数细菌不会引起疾病，它们只会让海绵产生异味。”)”可知，Quinlan认为海绵上的细菌相对无害。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case. (事情到这里还没完。一旦有害细菌出现在海绵上，其特殊的结构就会成为细菌滋生繁殖的理想场所，而且已有证据证实了这一点。)”可知，文章接下来最有可能讨论的，就是支撑这一论断的具体证据，即关于细菌威胁的证明。故选A。 D You meet someone new, trade a few words, and it feels like you’ve known them forever. With others, no matter how much time you spend together, the connection never comes. Why? A new study shows that people whose brains respond in similar ways to the world are more likely to become friends later. In the study, Carolyn Parkinson at the University of California, Los Angeles and her colleagues employed 288 students. Just before classes began and before anyone had a chance to build connections, each student entered a brain scanner. Inside, they watched 14 short movie clips (片段), covering documentaries, comedies, debates, food, sports and science. The researchers tracked activity across 214 brain regions. Each student’s brain left a unique signature of how they paid attention, reacted, and interpreted what they saw. Two months later, all the students in the program completed surveys asking who they spent free time with. They repeated the surveys six months after that. These results created a living map of friendships — who became close, who separated and who stayed distant. When the researchers compared this map to the brain data, patterns appeared. Students who became friends eight months later had already shown more similar brain responses back at the start. The strongest overlap (重叠) appeared in the orbitofrontal cortex, a region linked to how we assign value and meaning. Interestingly, at the two-month mark, there was no big difference between the brains of friends and non-friends, meaning that early friendships may form out of convenience — living nearby, attending the same events, or sitting together in class. But as time passes, people sort themselves out. Those with deeper neural similarities grow closer. Others move away. The brain regions that matter most belong to networks that combine together memories, beliefs, and emotions into a picture of what’s happening. When two people’s brains line up in these areas, conversations flow more easily, and communication feels natural. “People whose thinking processes are more similar find it easier to get on. When they say something, they know what the other is thinking because it’s how they think themselves,” explained Carolyn Parkinson. 12. What were the students made to do during the study? A. Film a few videos focused on friendships. B. Watch videos of different styles and topics. C. Report their feelings after watching videos. D. Share their personal social activities in life. 13. What is the key factor in forming long-term friendships according to the study? A. Shared tastes in lifestyle. B. Common living environments. C. Frequent communication. D. Similar brain response patterns. 14. Why do people with similar brain responses connect better? A. They have more opportunities to meet each other. B. They are more skilled at expressing emotions. C. They interpret the world in a similar way. D. They enjoy the same hobbies and activities. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. The Science Behind Lasting Friendships B. The Role of Brain Scans in Friendship C. When Similar People Become Friends D. How Friendships Develop Over Time 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现，大脑对世界的反应模式相似的人更可能发展成为长期朋友。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Inside, they watched 14 short movie clips (片段), covering documentaries, comedies, debates, food, sports and science.(在里面，他们观看了14个简短的影片片段，内容涵盖纪录片、喜剧片、辩论片、美食片、体育片和科普片)”可知，Carolyn Parkinson 和同事们让学生们观看了涵盖纪录片、喜剧、辩论、食品、体育和科学等多种风格和主题的视频。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Students who became friends eight months later had already shown more similar brain responses back at the start. The strongest overlap (重叠) appeared in the orbitofrontal cortex, a region linked to how we assign value and meaning.(八个月后成为朋友的那群学生，在一开始时就已经表现出更为相似的大脑反应模式。其中，眶额叶皮层（这一区域与我们赋予事物价值和意义的方式有关）的反应模式差异最小)”可知，大脑反应模式的相似性是形成长期友谊的关键因素。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The brain regions that matter most belong to networks that combine together memories, beliefs, and emotions into a picture of what’s happening. When two people’s brains line up in these areas, conversations flow more easily, and communication feels natural.(最为重要的大脑区域属于那些将记忆、信念和情绪整合在一起，从而形成当前所发生之事的图景的网络。当两个人的大脑在这些区域保持同步时，交流就会更加顺畅，沟通也会显得自然)”可推断，相似的大脑区域能帮助人们以相似的方式解读世界。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“You meet someone new, trade a few words, and it feels like you’ve known them forever. With others, no matter how much time you spend together, the connection never comes. Why? A new study shows that people whose brains respond in similar ways to the world are more likely to become friends later.(你遇到了一个新朋友，聊了几句之后，就感觉好像已经认识他们很久了。而对于其他人，无论你们在一起相处多久，那种联系始终无法建立起来。为什么？一项新的研究表明，那些大脑对周围环境的反应方式相似的人，日后更有可能成为朋友)”结合全文围绕一项科学研究展开，其核心发现是“大脑对世界的反应模式相似的人更容易成为长期朋友”，并解释了这一现象背后的神经机制，故A项“持久友谊背后的科学原理”适合作本文标题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项，选项中的两项为多余选项。 Friendship is a practice of unconditional love, an opportunity to grow together towards fulfillment (成就), and a journey to unfold the most precious capacities of a human being. ___16___Here 4 key points to develop and sustain a true friendship. ___17___Many times we blame the other person for what we feel, without realizing that we are presenting the bad power to him/her. This is not, however, something we must be afraid of or we should avoid. When we create a bond of affection with another human being, we are automatically vulnerable to the actions that are produced by this person. Being aware of that, we would be better off if we take responsibility and accept the emotions that come up in our inner world instead of blaming the other for what we are feeling. Provide support and encouragement. Friendships aren’t all fun and games — they do require you put in some work. Say they’ve just quarreled with their parents or failed an exam. It’s your job to be there for them and provide them with whatever they need, starting with support and comfort. ___18___ Whatever the case, make it apparent that you’re rooting for them. Seek the good of the other person. When we love another person, we seek the good of the other because we gladden their own happiness. Therefore, our seeking for the other person’s good is totally disinterested. We serve the other without expecting anything in return. ___19___ Accept the differences. ___20___. Friendship welcomes differences and integrates them into a level of union that accepts and goes beyond them. Friendship involves recognizing that the value of the relationship is beyond our personal traits and belief system. A. Be honest with each other. B. Acts of love are made for its own sake. C. Take responsibility of your own emotions. D. Additionally, it’s your duty to give them encouragement as needed. E. Human beings are relational beings, as everything we find in the nature. F. Therefore, developing friendship with other people is essential in our lives. G. Friendship doesn’t mean having the same interests, opinions and mindset as the other person. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了培养和维持真正友谊的四个要点。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Friendship is a practice of unconditional love, an opportunity to grow together towards fulfillment (成就), and a journey to unfold the most precious capacities of a human being.”（友谊是一种无条件的爱的实践，是一个共同成长的机会，也是一个展现人类最宝贵能力的旅程。）说明发展友谊的好处。结合选项F项Therefore, developing friendship with other people is essential in our lives.（因此，与他人发展友谊在我们的生活中是必不可少的。）和上文内容语意递进，形成逻辑上的因果关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【17题详解】 该题为段落主题句，总结该段内容。根据该段内容“Many times we blame the other person for what we feel, without realizing that we are presenting the bad power to him/her. This is not, however, something we must be afraid of or we should avoid. When we create a bond of affection with another human being, we are automatically vulnerable to the actions that are produced by this person. Being aware of that, we would be better off if we take responsibility and accept the emotions that come up in our inner world instead of blaming the other for what we are feeling.”（很多时候，我们因为自己的感受而责备别人，却没有意识到我们把不好的力量呈现给了他/她。然而，这不是我们必须害怕或应该避免的事情。当我们与另一个人建立感情纽带时，我们会自动受到这个人的行为的影响。意识到这一点，如果我们承担责任，接受来自我们内心世界的情绪，而不是因为我们的感受而责怪别人，我们会过得更好。）可知，主要讲的是如果我们承担责任，接受来自我们内心世界的情绪，而不是因为我们的感受而责怪别人，我们会过得更好。结合选项C项Take responsibility of your own emotions.（对自己的情绪负责。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选C项。 【18题详解】 根据该段主题句“Provide support and encouragement.”（提供支持和鼓励。）以及上文“It’s your job to be there for them and provide them with whatever they need, starting with support and comfort.”（你的工作就是在他们身边，提供他们需要的任何东西，从支持和安慰开始。）可知，本段讲的是给予支持和安慰。结合选项D项Additionally, it’s your duty to give them encouragement as needed.（此外，你有责任在他们需要的时候给予鼓励。）和上文内容一致，为对上文内容的补充和递进，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【19题详解】 上文“Therefore, our seeking for the other person’s good is totally disinterested. We serve the other without expecting anything in return.”（因此，我们对他人利益的追求是完全无私的。我们服务他人，不求任何回报。）说明爱是无私的。结合选项B项Acts of love are made for its own sake.（爱的行为是为了爱本身。）意思一致，为对上文内容的总结。故选B项。 【20题详解】 根据该段主题句“Accept the differences.”（接受差异。）以及下文“Friendship welcomes differences and integrates them into a level of union that accepts and goes beyond them.”（友谊欢迎差异，并将它们整合成一种接受并超越差异的联盟。）可知，讲的都是关于友谊接受差异方面的内容。故可推断空格处内容为与此相关，结合选项G项Friendship doesn’t mean having the same interests, opinions and mindset as the other person.（友谊并不意味着和另一个人有相同的兴趣、观点和心态。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 第三部分：英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 We were finishing the first lesson, just Lori and me. We had spent the ___21___ taking baby steps. She had led me down the shallow wheelchair-access slope into the pool, ___22___me to take a step deeper, and then another. I had been afraid of water my whole life. At age forty-four, I had no ___23___ of ever enjoying any body of water. Even walking around the edge of a pool was unsettling. I ___24___my fear in order to save face, and few people ___25___ I feared water. When the water reached my chest, Lori could tell I had reached my limit. I had ___26___my first ever swimming lesson. I breathed a sigh of___27___and turned to walk back out the shallow end. “Let's try going this way,“ Lori said. I was ___28___ as I understood what she meant. She wanted me to walk along the edge of the pool to the___29___end. I had seen the blue-painted block numbers. Five and a half feet? No way! “Just ____30____ it," Lori pressed. As the water depth increased, I moved more and more ____31____ . As we neared the 5-foot mark, my progress was so difficult that Lori ____32____ . But I inched on. I did it! I stood on the floor of the far end of the pool, ____33____ with relief and excitement. Five months later, I swam the length of the pool, enjoying ____34____ and applause from fellow swimmers. Sometimes the biggest deal of all is to walk into the shallow end and come out a winner at the ____35____ end, no matter how long it takes to get there. 21. A. hour B. day C. month D. year 22. A. forcing B. encouraging C. observing D. protecting 23. A. problem B. opinion C. memory D. time 24. A. overcame B. fought C. hated D. hid 25. A. admitted B. doubted C. knew D. wondered 26. A. got through B. held on C. kept off D. escaped from 27. A. fear B. sorrow C. worry D. relief 28. A. inspired B. shocked C. ashamed D. amused 29. A. right B. left C. opposite D. same 30. A. try B. make C. take D. get 31. A. slowly B. randomly C. hopelessly D. smoothly 32. A. dared B. regretted C. succeeded D. hesitated 33. A. trembling B. whispering C. struggling D. wandering 34. A. shouts B. tears C. cheers D. laughs 35. A. far B. close C. wide D. deep 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一向怕水的作者学习游泳的经历——克服了内心的恐惧，最终取得了成功。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在上第一课，只有洛莉和作者。我们花了整整一个小时的时间慢慢地走着。她领着我走下轮椅通道的斜坡，来到游泳池里，鼓励我再往深走一步，然后再走一步。A. hour小时；B. day天；C. month月；D. year年。由于是在上课，所以以小时计算最为合理，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forcing强迫；B. encouraging鼓励；C. observing观察；D. protecting保护。上文说作者在上游泳课，再结合空后的“me to take a step deeper, and then another.”可知，她鼓励作者再往深走一步，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意： 44年来，我不记得曾经享受过任何一处水域。A. problem问题；B. opinion观点；C. memory记忆；D. time时间。空前一句说作者这辈子都怕水，因此44年来，作者不记得曾经享受过任何一处水域，旨在强调作者从没有下过水，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了保全面子，我隐藏了自己的恐惧，几乎没有人知道我怕水。A. overcame克服；B. fought斗争；C. hated讨厌；D. hid隐藏。根据空后的“in order to save face”可知，为了保全面子，作者隐藏了自己的恐惧，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. admitted承认；B. doubted怀疑；C. knew知道；D. wondered想知道。空前一句说为了保全面子，作者隐藏了自己的恐惧，所以几乎没有人知道作者怕水，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当水到达我的胸口时，洛莉可以看出我已经到了极限。我完成了我的第一节游泳课。A. got through通过、结束；B. held on坚持；C. kept off让开；D. escaped from逃脱。空前一句说当水到达作者的胸口时，洛莉看出了作者已经到了极限，所以作者上完了第一节游泳课，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我如释重负地松了一口气，转身走出浅水的尽头。A. fear恐惧；B. sorrow悲伤；C. worry担心；D. relief宽慰、减轻。向来怕水的作者终于上完了第一节课，所以作者如释重负地松了一口气，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们试着往这边走吧，”洛莉说。当我明白她的意思时，作者很震惊。A. inspired受鼓舞的；B. shocked震惊的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. amused逗乐的。空后一句说洛莉想让作者沿着游泳池的边缘穿过深水区走到另一端，所以作者很震惊，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她想让我沿着游泳池的边缘走到另一端。我看到了蓝色标识。五英尺半？不可能！A. right右面的；B. left左面的；C. opposite相反的、对面的；D. same相同的。上文“the shallow end”说作者是在浅水区上课，再结合空后的“I had seen the blue-painted block numbers. Five and a half feet?”可知，洛莉想让作者沿着游泳池的边缘穿过深水区走到泳池的另一端，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：试一下，”洛莉催促道。A. try尝试；B. make制作；C. take拿走；D. get得到。根据语境可知，洛莉鼓励作者试一下，上文中提到try，是原词复现，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着水深的增加，我移动得越来越慢。A. slowly慢慢地；B. randomly随便地；C. hopelessly绝望地；D. smoothly顺利地。根据常识可知，水越深，人在水下移动得就越吃力，自然就越慢，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我接近5英尺的标识时，我走得非常困难，洛莉犹豫了。但作者慢慢地前进。A. dared敢；B. regretted后悔；C. succeeded成功；D. hesitated犹豫。空后一句说但作者慢慢地前进，转折连词But表明洛莉犹豫了，故选D。 33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做到了！我站在游泳池尽头的地板上，松了一口气，兴奋得浑身发抖。A. trembling发抖、战栗；B. whispering低语；C. struggling挣扎；D. wandering徘徊。空前一句说作者终于站在泳池另一端的地板上，因此作者由于放松和兴奋而颤抖，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，我游完了游泳池的长度，享受着同伴们的欢呼和掌声。 A. shouts大喊；B. tears眼泪；C. cheers欢呼；D. laughs大笑。此处与空后的applause并列，指“庆祝成功的欢呼和掌声”，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，最重要的事情就是从浅水区走进去，然后在深水区成为赢家，不管要花多长时间才能到达那里。A. far远的；B. close近的；C. wide宽的；D. deep深的。此处与前面的“shallow end”对应，指“深水区”，故选D。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题满分55分） 第二节 单句填空（共20小题，每题1分，满分20分） 36. He d________ (确切地, 肯定地) knows the answer to the question — he studied it last night. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】definitely##efinitely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他肯定知道这个问题的答案——他昨晚刚学过。根据首字母提示d和汉语提示“确切地，肯定地”可知，空处应填副词definitely，修饰动词knows，作状语。故填definitely。 37. In the end, we all decided to o________ (组织) a concert for the new comers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】organize##rganize##organise##rganise 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：最后，我们都决定为新来的人组织一场音乐会。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用动词organize/organise，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填organize/organise。 38. Occasions are quite rare ________ I have time to spend a day with my kids. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我很少有时间陪孩子们玩一整天。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词Occasions，关系词代替先行词从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 39. The fact ________ he failed the exam again made his parents quite worried. (用适当词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他又一次考试不及格的事实使他的父母很担心。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词fact的具体内容，从句不缺成分，引导词在从句中无实际含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 40. You can use fresh or ________ (freeze) fish to make the dish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】frozen 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你可以用新鲜的或冷冻的鱼来做这道菜。这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词fish，freeze是动词，意为“冷冻”，其形容词形式frozen表示“冷冻的”，在句中作定语。故填frozen。 41. He tried to r________ (忍住) the temptation to eat another piece of cake. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】resist##esist 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他努力忍住再吃一块蛋糕的诱惑。根据首字母提示r和汉语提示“忍住”可知，空处应填动词resist，try to do sth.为固定短语，表示“努力做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形。故填resist。 42. Ella w________ (包, 裹) a thick coat around her shoulders when she walked out. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】wrapped##rapped 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：埃拉走出去时，在肩上裹了一件厚外套。根据首字母提示w和汉语提示“包，裹”可知，空处应填动词wrap，作谓语，由“when she walked out”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，wrap的过去式为wrapped。故填wrapped。 43. Her question failed to get a ________ (respond) from any of the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】response 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她的问题没有得到任何学生的回应。根据空前的“get a”可知，空处应填可数名词单数形式，respond的名词形式为response，表示“回应”，get a response from...表示“得到……的回应”。故填response。 44. His ________ (absent) from school made his head teacher angry. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】absence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他缺课使他的班主任很生气。根据空前形容词性物主代词His可知，空处需用名词absence“缺席”，此处表示他缺课这一事实，所以空处名词需用单数形式作主语。故填absence。 45. ________ (absorb) in his writing, the writer always forgot to eat and sleep. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Absorbed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位作家全神贯注于写作，总是忘记吃饭和睡觉。空处需用非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，空处动词absorb与主语the writer之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词absorbed作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Absorbed。 46. I can hardly express how g________ (感激的) I feel, so I will give him a present as an expression of thanks. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】grateful##rateful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我简直无法表达我有多么感激，所以我会送他一份礼物以表谢意。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用形容词grateful，作表语。故填grateful。 47. There is growing public ________ (anxious) over levels of air pollution in our cities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】anxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：公众对我们城市空气污染程度日益担忧。根据空前的“growing public”可知，空处需用名词形式，anxious的名词为anxiety，表示“担忧”，为不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填anxiety。 48. Our teacher managed to p________ (说服) the shy boy to give a speech in front of the class. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】persuade##ersuade 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们的老师成功说服了那个害羞的男孩在全班同学面前发表演讲。根据首字母提示p和汉语提示“说服”可知，空处应填动词persuade，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填persuade。 49. We all believe ________ you have devoted yourself to is sure to come true. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们都相信你全身心投入的事情一定会实现。believe后接省略that的宾语从句，该宾语从句的主语是连接词引导的主语从句，此主语从句缺少to 的宾语，指代“所投入的事物”，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 50. She is our ________ (represent) at the international conference. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】representative 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她是我们在国际会议上的代表。本空作表语，根据空前的our可知，用名词representative“代表”，根据She is可知，用单数形式。故填representative。 51. I didn’t realize putting on a play ________ (involve) so much work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】involved 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我之前没有意识到排演一部戏剧需要这么多的工作。realize后为宾语从句，本空为从句谓语，根据didn’t realize可知，主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句的动作与主句动作同时发生，宾语从句时态为一般过去时，谓语用involve“需要，牵涉，包含”的过去式。故填involved。 52. ________ (feature) paintings by Picasso, the exhibition received popularity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Featuring 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这次展览以毕加索的画作为特色，受到了人们的欢迎。本句已有谓语received，feature“以……为特色”用非谓语形式，逻辑主语the exhibition与feature是主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，作状语，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Featuring。 53. How can he fit everything into his busy s________ (日程表)? (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】schedule##chedule##schedules##chedules 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他怎么能把所有事情都安排进他繁忙的日程表中呢？根据首字母提示s和汉语提示“日程表”可知，空处应填名词schedule，此处既可以看作单数概念，表示一份整体的日程安排，也可以用复数形式schedules表示多个日程安排事项。故填schedule/schedules。 54. A new school has been built in ________ was once a wasteland. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一所新学校建在了曾经是荒地的地方。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的地方”，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 55. Red ________ (decorate) can be seen everywhere during the Spring Festival in China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】decorations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在中国春节期间，到处都能看到红色的装饰品。根据空前的形容词Red可知，空处需用名词作主语，decorate的名词为decoration“装饰品”，此处表示泛指多种红色装饰物品，所以空处名词需用复数。故填decorations。 第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分） 语法填空 Tanghulu (also known as bingtang hulu) is a classic Chinese snack consisting of hardened sugar coated fruits on a stick. ___56___ (traditional), tanghulu is made of hawthorns that are rich ___57___ vitamin C. In recent times, tanghulu makers ___58___ (add) variety to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples or grapes. Tanghulu can taste sweet or sour, depending on your fruit. Traditional tanghulu using hawthorn berries is said to taste like a ___59___ (combine) of both. You can, of course, make your own Tanghulu using any fruit you desire. Tanghulu is easier ___60___ (make) at home than you might think. The trick is to use the correct water to sugar ratio (比例) and boil the sugar water mixture ___61___ its temperature reaches 150℃. Then quickly dip your fruit skewer (扦) into the sugar mixture. This will result in fruit that’s coated in a thin layer of hard candy that cracks when ___62___ (bite) into. Tanghulu is commonly eaten in the winter. You can find ___63___ (travel) traders roaming (游荡) in the streets, selling this unique snack. If you want to try the sticky treat ___64___ (you), you can find tanghulu stands near most of the popular tourist attractions in China. Tanghulu isn’t expensive. So, what could possibly stop you from giving it ___65___ try? 【答案】56. Traditionally 57. in 58. have added 59. combination 60. to make 61. until 62. bitten 63. traveling##travelling 64. yourself##yourselves 65. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了传统小吃糖葫芦食材、口味及制作和品尝方法。 【56题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统上，糖葫芦是由富含维生素C的山楂制成的。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词traditionally作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Traditionally。 【57题详解】 考查介词。句意：传统上，糖葫芦是由富含维生素C的山楂制成的。结合句意可知，此处表示“富含”，应用固定短语be rich in。故填in。 【58题详解】 考查时态。句意：近年来，糖葫芦制作者通过使用樱桃、草莓、菠萝或葡萄等其他水果，为这种传统小吃增添了多样性。根据时间状语In recent times可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语tanghulu makers是复数，助动词用have。故填have added。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：据说，用山楂果做的传统糖葫芦尝起来是酸甜结合的味道。空处作like的宾语，应用名词combination，表示“结合”，空前有不定冠词a，应用名词单数形式。故填combination。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：糖葫芦在家里做起来比你想象的要容易。结合句意可知，此处表示“做某事是……的”，应用固定句型be + 形容词 + to do...，此处用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。故填to make。 【61题详解】 考查连词。句意：诀窍是使用正确的水和糖的比例，并将糖水混合物煮沸直到温度达到150℃。结合句意可知，此处表示“直到……为止”，应用连词until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这样做出来的水果就裹上了一层薄薄的硬糖衣，咬下去就会裂开。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构，完整形式为when it is bitten into。从句的主语it指代hard candy，与动词bite构成被动关系，省略主语和be动词后，直接使用过去分词形式。故填bitten。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你会看到流动商贩在街上穿梭，售卖这种独特的小吃。空处修饰名词traders，应用形容词形式作定语，travel的形容词形式为travelling或traveling，意为“流动的；巡回的”。故填traveling/travelling。 【64题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：如果你(们)想自己尝尝这种粘粘的小吃，你(们)可以在中国大多数热门旅游景点附近找到糖葫芦摊。此处指代主语you自身，表示“你(们)自己”，应用反身代词yourself或yourselves作宾语。故填yourself/yourselves。 【65题详解】 考查冠词。句意：那么，还有什么能阻止你尝试一下呢？此处表示“尝试一下”，应用固定短语give sth. a try，其中try是可数名词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 第四节 读后续写（满分25分） 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When entering seventh grade, I was excited about many new things, but one thing really bothered me — I started getting acne (长青春痘). Initially, it was just a little, but then, it seemed like overnight, my face was covered with it. I tried to hide it with my hair, but it just wouldn’t work. I was consumed with worry that my peers would make fun of me. I couldn’t concentrate in class, as my mind was constantly preoccupied with my appearance, causing my grades to slip sharply. I started to feel inferior (自卑的) to my classmates and even avoid interaction with them. I tried to get rid of the acne. I washed my face multiple times a day, using all sorts of acne creams I found. I also avoided snacks that might cause it. But all ended up in vain. One day, our school announced a sports day and the teacher asked us to form our own teams. As a sports enthusiast, I had been eagerly expecting it, but I was scared that no one would join me because of how I looked. Standing in front of the mirror, I kept imagining how my classmates would react when I asked them to team up with me. The fear of rejection held me back from approaching them. But then, Kim came to me, “Do you want to join us for the relay race? I’ve seen you run before and you’ve got the speed. If you join us, we’ll have a good chance to win.” In disbelief, I managed to utter “Yes,” still feeling self-conscious but also incredibly grateful. I, together with another three classmates, signed up for the relay race. We trained for it and discussed strategies together, none paying attention to my acne. Because of my advantage in speed, I was even assigned to run the last leg, which was the most crucial part. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then came the long-awaited sports day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The experience was a turning point to my junior life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Then came the long-awaited sports day. My palms were sweaty as I stood at the final position of the track. When the third runner approached, I grabbed the baton firmly and sprinted like the wind. Cheers erupted as I overtook two opponents. Crossing the finish line first, I saw my teammates rushing towards me with joyful screams. To my surprise, classmates patted my shoulder excitedly, their eyes shining with admiration instead of judgment. Kim hugged me, “You’re our superhero!” No one mentioned my acne — they only remembered my flying figure on the track. The experience was a turning point to my junior life. Gradually I realized people valued my abilities more than my appearance. I started raising my hand in class again and joined the school basketball team. Though acne still occasionally troubled me, I stopped hiding behind my hair. When a new student once asked about my skin, Kim immediately defended, “That’s just his warrior paint from saving our relay race!” We all laughed, and I finally understood true friendship sees beyond surfaces. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者曾经因为长青春痘感到自卑，成绩急剧下滑。某次学校举办运动会，作者在朋友的鼓励下，参加了比赛，并且取得了很好的成绩，找回了自信。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“接下来是期待已久的运动会”可知，第一段可描写作者参加比赛的经过以及同学的鼓励。 ②由第二段首句内容“这次经历是我青年生活的转折点”可知，第二段可描写作者的感悟以及明白了友谊的真谛。 2.续写线索：运动会开始——努力比赛——同学欣赏——作者感悟——明白友谊真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①超过：overtake/surpass ②抓住：grab/seize ③重视：value/attach importance to 情绪类 ①激动地：excitedly/with excitement ②欣赏：admiration/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1] My palms were sweaty as I stood at the final position of the track.(运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Though acne still occasionally troubled me, I stopped hiding behind my hair. (运用了though引导让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $