名词性从句 课件-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

高三复习专题：名词性从句 名词性从句的定义 什么是名词性从句？ 核心概念来啦：一个完整句子，在另一句里当名词用哟！小句子+大句子 再用个“桥梁”连接起来！ 我就是名词性从句了！ 什么是名词性从句？ 鲜活类比来啦： 普通名词：单个词儿 例：truth→真相 名词性从句：句子当名词用 例：what he said→他说的那些 🟦 主语闪亮登场：[What he said] 超重要哒！ 🟩 宾语来啦！I know [what he said]，心里有数咯！ 🟨 表语闪亮现身：The truth 就是 [what he said]，真相大白啦！ 🟪 同位语来凑热闹：I believe the fact [that he is honest]，我坚信他超诚实哒！ 四大变身形态 名词性从句的种类 主语从句——开场主角 方式二：替身演员模式 ✅ It is obvious that he is lying.（用It当替身，真正主语后置） 两种开场方式对比： 方式一：直接C位出道 ✅ What you need is confidence.（主语从句直接开头） ————让从句成为句子的“C位” 2. It is + 名词 + that从句 It is a mystery why he left suddenly. 1. It is + 形容词 + that从句 It is essential that we protect the environment. It作主语，四大高频句型来啦！ It作主语，四大高频句型来啦！ 4. It + 被动语态 + that从句 It is believed that hard work leads to success. 3. It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It seems that she has changed her mind. 创新练习：设计你的“座右铭” 要求：用主语从句表达人生信念 示例：What defines us is not how we fall, but how we rise. 你的版本：_________________________ 宾语从句——动作搭档 三种搭档关系： 关系一：动宾组合（最为常见） I hope (that) you can come. ↑动词 ↑宾语从句 动词/介词后的“黄金搭档” 宾语从句——动作搭档 关系二：介宾搭档 She is worried about whether he is safe. ↑介词 ↑宾语从句 跟在动词/介词后的“最佳拍档” 宾语从句——动作搭档 关系三：形宾搭档（特殊形容词） I am sure that we will succeed. ↑形容词 ↑宾语从句 跟在动词/介词后的“最佳拍档” 连接词选用指南 ✅ 三种用whether不用if的场景！ 1. 介词后：It depends on whether... 2. 后有or not：I wonder whether...or not 3. 与不定式连用：He debated whether to go. 宾语从句三大铁律 1. 语序定则：恒用陈述语序（主语+谓语） 2. 时态定则：主过从过，真理恒现 3. 连词定则：that或可省（口语），whether/if依情境 实战演练：完成对话 A: Could you tell me ____________? （你能否告诉我电影什么时候开始？） B: I'm not sure ____________. （我不确定是否还有票。） 表语从句——身份说明 ┌─ be动词：am/is/are/was/were ├─ 感官组：look/sound/smell/taste/feel 系动词小队─┼─ 变化组：become/get/turn/go/grow └─ 状态组：seem/appear/remain/stay 系动词家族大揭秘！ ————在系动词后“亮明身份” 表语从句——身份说明 主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句 The question is how we can solve this problem. （问题是我们如何解决这个问题。） Her worry is whether she will pass the exam. （她的担忧是能否通过考试。） 经典句型结构： ————在系动词后“亮明身份” 常见表语从句引导词 that（最常用）：The truth is that I don't know. whether（是否）：The question is whether he agrees. 疑问词：That's why I'm here. / This is how we do it. because（仅限特定句型）：The reason is because...（口语）/ （正式写作推荐用that） 表语从句创意工坊 用表语从句定义以下概念： 1. 友谊：Friendship is _______________________. 2. 成功：Success means _______________________. 3. 青春：Youth is ___________________________. 同位语从句——名词翻译官 📌 事实类：fact, truth, news, information 💭 想法类：idea, thought, belief, opinion ✨ 希望类：hope, wish, dream, desire 💡 建议类：suggestion, advice, proposal, requirement 🔍 证据类：evidence, proof, sign, indication 需要“翻译官”的抽象名词家族： ————为抽象名词配备“专属翻译” 同位语从句——名词翻译官 结构公式： 抽象名词 + that + 完整解释句 She stuck to her belief that education should be accessible to all. 她坚持她的观点，即教育应该面向所有人。 ————为抽象名词配备“专属翻译” that的三大特点 1. 无实际意义：只起连接作用 2. 不作成分：在从句中不充当任何句子成分 3. 不可省略（正式文体中） 4. 不可替换：不能用which替换（高考铁律！） 对比实验室：区分同位语从句与定语从句 实验一：The news that he told me was exciting. ↑定语从句（that在从句中作told的宾语） 实验二：The news that he won was exciting. ↑同位语从句（that后是完整句，解释news内容） 区分口诀 缺成分是定语，完整句是同位； that有意义是定语，that无意义是同位 连接词 连接词深度解析（上） ————that vs whether/if 终极对决 对决项目 that whether/if 意义 无实际意义，纯连接 表示“是否”，有疑问意义 省略 宾语从句中可省略 绝不可省略 介词后 一般不用（除in that等固定搭配） 必须用whether or not 不适用 whether后可直接加or not +不定式 不适用 whether + to do（if不可） 主语从句 常用（That he came is true.） whether可用（Whether he will come is unknown.）if不可 表语从句 常用 whether可用，if不可 特殊考点：只能用whether的三种情况 1. 介词后：It depends on whether it rains. 2. 与or not连用：I don't know whether or not he's coming. 3. 后接不定式：He didn't know whether to laugh or cry. 选择大挑战：选出正确答案 1. The question is ______ we have enough time. A. that B. whether C. if 2. I have no doubt ______ he will succeed. A. that B. whether C. if A 3. It depends on ______ the weather is fine. A. that B. whether C. if B B 连接词深度解析（下） what的两种面孔 面孔一：疑问代词“什么”（保留疑问意义） I don't know what he wants. ↑不知道“他想要什么” ———疑问词的“双重身份” 连接词深度解析（下） what的两种面孔 面孔二：关系代词“…的东西/事情”（相当于the thing that） What he said moved everyone. = The thing that he said moved everyone. ↑“他所说的东西”感动了所有人 ———疑问词的“双重身份” whoever的魔法力量 who：谁（单纯疑问） Tell me who broke the window. whoever：无论是谁（有“不管谁”的让步含义） Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. = No matter who breaks the rules, they will be punished. 疑问副词四剑客 when：时间 → I remember when we first met. where：地点 → That's where I was born. why：原因 → That's why I'm late. how：方式 → This is how we do it. 身份辨别游戏：判断what在句中的身份 1. Can you guess what I'm thinking? （疑问代词） 2. What you see is what you get. （关系代词） 3. I'll take what you have. （关系代词） 常考重难点 主句从句的“时间协调” 主句时态 从句时态要求 现在/将来 根据需要自由选择 He says he is/was/will be... 过去 相应后退一个时态 He said he was/had been/would be... 时态呼应三大例外 例外一：客观真理永不变 ✅ He proved that the earth is round.（现在时） 例外二：具体时间定乾坤 ✅ She said she was born in 2005.（过去具体时间） 例外三：谚语格言用现在 ✅ He reminded us that practice makes perfect. 常见错误诊所 ❌ 病情：He said he is tired yesterday. ✅ 处方：He said he was tired yesterday. 💊 药方：主句过去时，从句相应用过去时 时态协调练习 1.She told me she ______ (be) 18 years old last year. was 解析：主句谓语动词“told”为过去时，从句描述的是“last year”（去年）的具体过去时间，属于“具体时间定乾坤”的例外情况，需用一般过去时 时态协调练习 2.The teacher said light ______ (travel) faster than sound. travels 解析：从句陈述的是“光比声音传播快”这一客观真理，根据“客观真理永不变”原则，即使主句为过去时，从句仍用一般现在时 时态协调练习 3. He promised he ______ (help) me with my homework. would help 解析：主句谓语“promised”为过去时，从句表示“过去将要发生的动作”，需用过去将来时（would+动词原形），符合“主过从过”的时态呼应规则。 时态协调练习 4. I knew she ______ (live) here since 2010. had lived 解析：主句“knew”为过去时，从句中“since 2010”表示“从2010年持续到过去某时（knew）”的动作，需用过去完成时（had+过去分词）。 语序的绝对法则 黄金法则：名词性从句必须用 陈述语序（主语+谓语） ————从句必须是“陈述语序” 语序的绝对法则 错误类型大曝光： ❌ 典型错误：疑问语序入侵 I don't know where is he. Can you tell me how can I get there? ————从句必须是“陈述语序” 语序的绝对法则 ✅ 正确形式：恢复陈述语序 I don't know where he is. Can you tell me how I can get there? ————从句必须是“陈述语序” 特殊句型处理 1. 主句是疑问句，从句保持陈述语序 Do you know where he lives? ✅ Do you know where does he live? ❌ 特殊句型处理 2. 感叹句变从句，保留感叹结构 I remember how beautiful she was! ✅ I remember how was she beautiful! ❌ 特殊句型处理 2. 感叹句变从句，保留感叹结构 I remember how beautiful she was! ✅ I remember how was she beautiful! ❌ 特殊句型处理 3. 插入语不影响语序 Do you know who, in your opinion, is the best candidate? ✅ （插入语in your opinion不影响主从句基本语序） 语序纠正大赛：改正下列句子 1. Could you tell me what time does the movie start? Could you tell me what time the movie starts? 解析：宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），原句中“does the movie start”为疑问语序，应调整为“the movie starts”。 语序纠正大赛：改正下列句子 2. I wonder why is he so angry. I wonder why he is so angry. 解析：宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），原句中“is he”为疑问语序，应调整为“he is”。 语序纠正大赛：改正下列句子 3. The mystery is where did they go. The mystery is where they went. 解析：表语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），原句中“did they go”为疑问语序，应调整为“they went”（陈述语序，且时态与主句一致）。 语序纠正大赛：改正下列句子 4. She asked me what was my favorite color. She asked me what my favorite color was. 解析：宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），原句中“was my favorite color”为疑问语序，应调整为“my favorite color was”。 省略的艺术 可省略的三种情况： ————这些从句可以“瘦身” 情况一：宾语从句中that的省略（口语常见） I think (that) you're right. ✅ I believe (that) we can win. ✅ 省略的艺术 可省略的三种情况： ————这些从句可以“瘦身” 情况二：主从句主语一致时可省略从句主语 I know that I should study hard. → I know I should study hard. ✅（口语） 省略的艺术 可省略的三种情况： ————这些从句可以“瘦身” 情况三：强调时可省略“It is” It is true that he won. → That he won is true. ✅（更正式） 省略的艺术 不可省略的“红线区” ————这些从句可以“瘦身” 🚫 红线一：主语从句中that通常不省 That he succeeded surprised us. ✅ He succeeded surprised us. ❌ 省略的艺术 不可省略的“红线区” ————这些从句可以“瘦身” 🚫 红线二：同位语从句中that绝不省（正式文体） The fact that he won excited us. ✅ The fact he won excited us. ❌（不正式） 省略的艺术 不可省略的“红线区” ————这些从句可以“瘦身” 🚫 红线三：多个宾语从句并列时 I know (that) he came and that he was happy. ✅ （第一个that可省，第二个必须保留） 省略判断练习：判断that是否可以省略 1. The truth is that he never lied. （不可省） 2. I heard (that) you got a new job. （可省） 3. That water boils at 100°C is a scientific fact. （不可省） 当从句遇见“虚拟语气” 考点聚焦：表示建议、要求、命令等后的宾语从句 动词家族清单（需用虚拟语气）： 💡 建议组：suggest, advise, recommend, propose 📋 要求组：demand, require, request, ask ⚖️命令组：order, command, insist（表“坚持要求”时） 📝 安排组：arrange, desire, prefer 虚拟语气公式 示例展示： ✅ I suggest that he (should) go at once. ✅ They demanded that the plan (should) be changed. ✅ She insisted that I (should) stay.（坚持要求） 动词 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形 对比实验室：insist的两种含义 实验一：坚持要求（虚拟语气） He insisted that I (should) pay immediately. ↑虚拟语气，用(should)+动词原形 对比实验室：insist的两种含义 实验二：坚持认为（陈述语气） He insisted that he was right. ↑陈述语气，用正常时态 虚拟语气专项练习：用适当形式填空 1. The teacher suggested that we ______ (read) more English novels. 2. He insisted that he ______ (be) innocent.（坚持认为） 3. It is necessary that everyone ______ (attend) the meeting. 4. My advice is that you ______ (apologize) to her. (should) read was (should) attend (should) apologize 特殊句型突破 句型一：What...is/was that...（强调结构） 功能：强调从句内容，增强表现力 示例：What impressed me most was that he never gave up. 特殊句型突破 句型二：The reason why...is that...（说明原因） 特别注意：此处that不能换成because 正确：The reason why he succeeded is that he worked hard. ✅ 错误：The reason why he succeeded is because he worked hard. ❌（非正式） 特殊句型突破 句型三：It is said/reported/believed that...（固定表达） 功能：客观陈述传闻或普遍看法 示例：It is reported that a new policy will be issued next month. 特殊句型突破 句型四：That引导的主语从句后置的常见形容词 ✅ It is obvious that... ✅ It is clear that... ✅ It is likely that... ✅ It is possible that... ✅ It is true that... 句型转换挑战：用特殊句型改写句子 原句：He helped many people. This moved me deeply. 改写：What moved me deeply was that he helped many people. 名词性从句vs定语从句 三大核心区别： 区别一：功能不同 名词性从句：充当名词（主语/宾语/表语/同位语） 定语从句：充当形容词（修饰名词） 名词性从句vs定语从句 三大核心区别： 区别二：引导词不同 名词性从句：that无意义，不作成分（同位语从句） what/whatever有实际意义 定语从句：that有意义，在从句中作主语/宾语/表语 名词性从句vs定语从句 三大核心区别： 区别三：修饰对象不同 名词性从句：不修饰名词，本身是名词成分 定语从句：必须修饰前面的先行词 对比实验台 实验一：The news that he told me was exciting. ↑定语从句（that作told的宾语，修饰news） 实验二：The news that he won was exciting. ↑同位语从句（that后是完整句，解释news内容） 对比实验台 实验三：What he said is true. ↑主语从句（what引导，what在从句中作宾语） 实验四：The thing that he said is true. ↑定语从句（that引导，修饰thing） 辨析诊断室：判断从句类型 1. The idea that you proposed is creative. （定语从句） 2. The idea that we should cooperate is wise. （同位语从句） 3. That he passed the exam surprised us. （主语从句） 4. I believe that he is honest. （宾语从句） 高考陷阱大揭秘 陷阱一：语序陷阱 常见题型：改错题、语法填空 陷阱示例：I wonder where has he gone. ❌ 避坑指南：永远记住“陈述语序” ————命题老师的“挖坑”策略 高考陷阱大揭秘 陷阱二：连接词混淆 常见混淆：that vs whether, what vs that 典型题目：______ he needs is more practice. A. That B. What C. Whether 正确答案：B（what在从句中作needs的宾语） ————命题老师的“挖坑”策略 高考陷阱大揭秘 陷阱三：时态不呼应 常见于：完形填空、语法填空 示例：He said he will come tomorrow. ❌ He said he would come the next day. ✅ ————命题老师的“挖坑”策略 高考陷阱大揭秘 陷阱四：同位语从句引导词误用 绝对规则：同位语从句必须用that，不能用which 高考原题再现： The news ______ he told me was exciting. （填that/which） The news ______ he won was exciting. （填that/which） ————命题老师的“挖坑”策略 高考陷阱大揭秘 陷阱五：虚拟语气遗漏 高频考点：suggest, insist等词后的宾语从句 必须用：(should) + 动词原形 ————命题老师的“挖坑”策略 避坑实战：找出并改正错误 Do you know when the meeting will begin? 解析：宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），原句中“will the meeting begin”为疑问语序，应调整为“the meeting will begin”。 1. Do you know when will the meeting begin? 避坑实战：找出并改正错误 I'm not sure whether or not he will come. 解析：与“or not”连用时，只能用whether，不能用if。 2. I'm not sure if or not he will come. 避坑实战：找出并改正错误 She suggested that we (should) go there by bus. 解析：suggest表示“建议”时，宾语从句需用虚拟语气，结构为“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略。原句“went”应改为“(should) go”。 3. She suggested that we went there by bus. 避坑实战：找出并改正错误 The reason is that he was ill. 解析：The reason...is that...为固定句型，表语从句需用that引导，不能用because。 4. The reason is because he was ill. 写作升级秘籍 秘籍一：丰富句子开头（避免总是主谓开头） 普通：Hard work is important. 升级：What really matters is hard work. 升级：That we work hard is essential. 升级：It is universally acknowledged that hard work pays off. ————让你的作文“高级感”爆棚 写作升级秘籍 秘籍二：增强逻辑衔接 普通：He failed. He didn't give up. This inspired me. 升级：What inspired me was not that he failed, but that he didn't give up after failure. ————让你的作文“高级感”爆棚 写作升级秘籍 秘籍三：表达复杂观点 普通：We need to protect the environment. Future generations need a healthy planet. 升级：What we must realize is that protecting the environment is crucial because it ensures that future generations will have a healthy planet to live on. ————让你的作文“高级感”爆棚 写作升级秘籍 秘籍四：提升论述深度 普通：Reading is good. 升级：What makes reading so valuable is not only that it increases our knowledge, but also that it broadens our perspectives and enriches our inner world. ————让你的作文“高级感”爆棚 综合能力训练营 分析句子中的名词性从句类型： 1. That he arrived late annoyed everyone. （主语从句） 2. I wonder whether she will come. （宾语从句） 3. My hope is that you can forgive me. （表语从句） 4. I heard the news that our team won. （同位语从句） 练习一：成分识别 练习二：连接词选择 用适当连接词填空： 1. ______ he said made sense. (What/That) 2. I'm concerned about ______ he is safe. (whether/if) 3. The problem is ______ we don't have enough time. (that/what) What whether that 练习三：错误诊断与修复 找出错误并改正： 1. I'm not sure that he will come or not. 2. She asked me where was I going. 3. The reason is because he was busy. I'm not sure whether he will come or not. She asked me where I was going. The reason is that he was busy. 练习四：句式转换 用名词性从句改写句子： 1. 原句：His determination impressed me. 改写：What impressed me was his determination. 2. 原句：We should protect the environment. This is important. 改写：It is important that we protect the environment. 谢谢 $