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Starter Unit1-Unit7 知识点整理
Starter Unit 1 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. greet(v. 招呼;问候):及物动词,后可直接接表示人的名词或代词。名词形式为greeting,可作可数或不可数名词,复数形式greetings常指“祝词;贺词”。
例句:She greeted her teacher politely when she met her.(她见到老师时礼貌地打了招呼。);
Please accept my best greetings.(请接受我最诚挚的祝福。)
2. other(pron. 另外的人/物;adj. 另外的;其他的):常放在名词前表示“其他的”。易混辨析:the other 强调两者中的另一个;others 表示“其他的人或物”,后不接名词。
例句:I have other things to do.(我还有其他事情要做。);
I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.(我有两支笔,一支红色,另一支蓝色。);
Some students are reading, others are writing.(一些学生在读书,另一些在写字。)
3. each other(互相;彼此):与one another意思相近,现代英语中可换用,传统语法中one another多用于三者及以上。
例句:We should help each other.(我们应该互相帮助。);
The three children looked at one another and smiled.(三个孩子相视一笑。)
4. everyone(pron. 每人;所有人):复合不定代词,与everybody同义,可作主语、宾语等。易混辨析:every one 后可接“of+名词/代词”,而everyone不可。
例句:Everyone in the class passed the exam.(班里每个人都通过了考试。);Every one of the books is interesting.(每一本书都很有趣。)
5. start(v. 开始;着手):作及物动词时,后接名词、不定式(start to do sth.)或动名词(start doing sth.);作不及物动词时,主语可为事物,如“Something started.”;也可作名词,意为“开始;开端”,固定搭配at the start of...(在……的开始)。
例句:He started his new job yesterday.(他昨天开始了新工作。);
She started to cry when she heard the news.(她听到消息后开始哭了。);
The movie starts at 7 p.m.(电影晚上7点开始。)
6. conversation(n. 谈话;交谈):可作可数或不可数名词,常用短语have a conversation with sb. about sth.(和某人谈某事)。易混辨析:dialogue 指“对话”;chat 指熟人之间的非正式交谈;talk 可与conversation换用,侧重正式交谈。
例句:I had a long conversation with my friend about our future plans.(我和朋友就未来计划谈了很久。);
The two actors had a wonderful dialogue in the play.(两位演员在剧中有一段精彩的对话。)
7. spell(v. 用字母拼;拼写):名词形式为spelling(拼写),常用搭配ask sb. to spell sth.(让某人拼写某物)。
例句:Can you spell the word “beautiful”?(你能拼写“beautiful”这个词吗?);Her spelling is very good.(她的拼写很好。)
二、重点句子用法
1. 问候、告别等常用交际用语:核心句型包括Nice to meet you.(很高兴见到你)、What's your name?(你叫什么名字)、Goodbye./Bye.(再见)、Hi./Hello./Good morning.(你好/早上好)、How are you?(你好吗)。拓展交际用语:How do you do?(初次见面问候)、How's everything going?(一切都好吗)、Long time no see.(好久不见)、Take care!(多多保重),适用于不同场景的日常交际。
例句:—Nice to meet you. —Nice to meet you, too.(—很高兴见到你。—我也很高兴见到你。);
—How's everything going? —Everything is going well.(—一切都好吗?—一切都很顺利。)
2. 询问拼写句型:核心句型为How do you spell your name?(你的名字怎么拼写?),疑问词为How,结构为“How do you spell...?”,回答时需用连字符连接每个字母。
例句:—How do you spell your name? —My name is Lily. L-I-L-Y.(—你的名字怎么拼写?—我叫莉莉,L-I-L-Y。);
—How do you spell “pen”? —P-E-N.(—“钢笔”怎么拼写?—P-E-N。)
3. It's time for sth. 句型:表示“该做某事了”,it为形式主语,for后接名词;可与“It's time to do sth.”互换,如“It's time for bed. = It's time to go to bed.”,常用于提醒他人该进行某项活动。
例句:It's time for class. Let's go to the classroom.(该上课了,我们去教室吧。);
It's time to have breakfast.(该吃早饭了。)
Starter Unit 2 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. key(n. 钥匙;关键):作“钥匙”讲时,常用搭配“the key to the door”(门的钥匙);作“关键”讲时,搭配“the key to success”(成功的关键)。可作形容词,意为“主要的;关键的”,常见短语有key word(关键词)、key issue(关键问题)等,也可用于“be key to sth.”结构表示“是……的关键”。
例句:I can't find the key to my room.(我找不到房间的钥匙了。);
Hard work is the key to success.(努力是成功的关键。);
This is a key point in the report.(这是报告中的一个关键点。)
2. need(v.&n. 需要):作动词时,后接名词(need sth.)、不定式(need to do sth.),或用于“sth. needs doing”(某物需要被……)结构;作名词时,常用搭配“a need for sth.”(对……的需要)、“there is no need to do sth.”(没有必要做某事)。
例句:I need a cup of coffee.(我需要一杯咖啡。);
You need to finish your homework first.(你需要先完成作业。);
The room needs cleaning.(房间需要打扫了。);
There is no need to worry about him.(没必要担心他。)
3. keep(v. 保持;保有;继续):常用结构“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”,宾语补足语可接形容词、副词或动词-ing形式,表“使某物保持某种状态”。其他搭配:keep (on) doing sth.(继续做某事)、keep sth.(保有某物)、keep the secret/promise(保守秘密/遵守诺言)。
例句:Keep the door open.(让门开着。);
She kept me waiting for an hour.(她让我等了一个小时。);
He kept on working though he was tired.(尽管累了,他还是继续工作。)
4. many kinds of(许多种类的):后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,相关搭配有different kinds of(不同种类的)、a kind of(一种)、all kinds of(各种各样的)。其中kind可作形容词,意为“亲切的;体贴的”,搭配“be kind to sb.”(对某人友善)。
例句:There are many kinds of flowers in the garden.(花园里有许多种类的花。);
She is kind to everyone.(她对每个人都很友善。);
We have all kinds of fruits here.(我们这里有各种各样的水果。)
5. count(v. 数数):常用短语:count from...to...(从……数到……)、count down(倒计时)、count up(计算总数)。熟词生义:表示“重要;有价值”(count for...)、“认为;看作”(count sb./sth. as...)、“依靠”(count on sb./sth.)。
例句:The child can count from 1 to 100.(这个孩子能从1数到100。);
We are counting down to the New Year.(我们正在为新年倒计时。);
Your opinion counts a lot.(你的意见很重要。);
I count on you to help me.(我指望你帮我。)
6. another(adj.&pron. 另一;又一):作形容词时,后接可数名词单数,或“another+基数词+复数名词”;作代词时,指代同类事物中的另一个,常用搭配“another one”(另一个)、“one after another”(接连地)。
例句:Can I have another apple?(我能再要一个苹果吗?);
I need another three days to finish the work.(我还需要三天完成这项工作。);
He took another one and left.(他拿了另一个就走了。);
People came one after another.(人们接踵而至。)
7. else(adv. 其他的;别的):可位于特殊疑问词之后表强调,也可修饰复合不定代词,且需后置。
例句:What else do you want?(你还想要别的什么吗?);
Is there anything else I can do for you?(我还能为你做些别的吗?);
Where else have you been?(你还去过别的地方吗?)
8. look at(看;瞧):后接名词或代词,相关短语:look through(浏览)、look out(当心)、look after(照顾)、look around(环顾)、look for(寻找)、look back(回顾),需根据语境区分用法。
例句:Look at the blackboard carefully.(仔细看黑板。);
She looked through the newspaper quickly.(她快速浏览了报纸。);
Look out! There's a car coming.(当心!有车过来了。);
I'm looking for my lost wallet.(我在找我丢失的钱包。)
二、重点句子用法
1. have作实义动词表示“有”的句型:肯定句为“主语+have/has+某物”;否定句为“主语+don't/doesn't+have+某物”;一般疑问句为“Do/Does+主语+have+某物?”,答语为“Yes, 主语+do/does. / No, 主语+don't/doesn't.”;特殊疑问句为“特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+have+某物?”。拓展:英式英语中可用“have/has got”表示“有”,如“He has got a new pen.”,与美式英语用法可互换。
例句:I have a new bike.(我有一辆新自行车。);
She doesn't have a computer.(她没有电脑。);
—Do you have a dictionary? —Yes, I do.(—你有字典吗?—是的,我有。);
—What does he have? —He has a pet dog.(—他有什么?—他有一只宠物狗。)
2. 询问及描述位置句型:询问位置用“Where+is+单数名词/代词? / Where+are+复数名词/代词?”;回答用“It's/They're+方位介词短语(in/on/under/beside/next to等)”。
例句:—Where is the book? —It's on the desk.(—书在哪里?—在桌子上。);
—Where are your keys? —They're in my bag.(—你的钥匙在哪里?—在我的包里。);
—Where is the supermarket? —It's next to the bank.(—超市在哪里?—在银行旁边。)
3. 有关颜色的表达句型:询问颜色用“What colour+be+主语?”或“What is the colour of+某物?”;回答用“It's/They're+颜色”,主语为复数时be动词用are,第三人称单数用is。
例句:—What colour are the shoes? —They're black.(—鞋子是什么颜色的?—是黑色的。);
—What is the colour of the sky? —It's blue.(—天空是什么颜色的?—是蓝色的。);
—What colour is your sweater? —It's red.(—你的毛衣是什么颜色的?—是红色的。)
Starter Unit 3 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. across(adv.&prep. 在……对面;横过):作副词时单独使用,如“swim across”(游过去);作介词时后接名词/代词,搭配“across from”(在……对面),相当于opposite。易混辨析:cross是动词,相当于“go/walk across”。
例句:He walked across the street carefully.(他小心地穿过马路。);
The bank is across from the park.(银行在公园对面。);
She crossed the river by boat.(她乘船过了河。)
2. field(n. 场地;田地;学科;领域):常见搭配:sports field(运动场)、a field of wheat(麦田)。熟词生义:表示“学科;领域”。
例句:The children are playing on the sports field.(孩子们在运动场上玩耍。);Farmers are working in the wheat field.(农民们在麦田里干活。);
She is an expert in the field of medicine.(她是医学领域的专家。)
3. put up(张贴;搭建):后接名词时,名词可放中间或后面;接代词时,代词必须放中间。含义包括张贴(海报、通知等)、搭建(帐篷、建筑物等)。
例句:They put up a poster on the wall.(他们在墙上贴了一张海报。);
We put up a tent in the countryside.(我们在乡下搭了一个帐篷。);
Put it up here, please.(请把它贴在这里。)
4. important(adj. 重要的):反义词为unimportant,名词形式为importance,常用搭配“the importance of...”(……的重要性)、“be of great importance”(相当于important)。
例句:English is very important for us.(英语对我们来说很重要。);
We should realize the importance of protecting the environment.(我们应该意识到保护环境的重要性。);
This meeting is of great importance.(这次会议非常重要。)
5. amazing(adj. 令人惊奇的):修饰事物,其形容词形式amazed修饰人,表“感到惊讶的”。名词形式为amazement,搭配“in amazement”(惊讶地)。
例句:It's an amazing story.(这是一个令人惊奇的故事。);
She was amazed at the news.(她对这个消息感到惊讶。);
He looked at me in amazement.(他惊讶地看着我。)
6. raise(v. 使升高;提高;筹集;养育):常见搭配:raise one's hand(举手)、raise the flag(升旗)、raise money(筹款)、raise a child(养育孩子)。例句:He raised his hand to ask a question.(他举手提问。);We raise the national flag every Monday morning.(我们每周一早上升国旗。);They are raising money for the poor children.(他们正在为贫困儿童筹款。)
7. most(adj.&pron. 大多数;最多;adv. 最):作形容词/代词时,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词,搭配“most of+名词/代词”;作副词时,修饰形容词/副词最高级,或单独使用表“最”。
例句:Most students like playing basketball.(大多数学生喜欢打篮球。);
Most of the water is clean.(大部分水是干净的。);
This is the most interesting book I have ever read.(这是我读过的最有趣的书。);
I like this song most.(我最喜欢这首歌。)
8. change(v.&n. 改变;变化):作动词时,可作及物动词(change sth.)或不及物动词(change into... 变成……);作名词时,可作可数或不可数名词,搭配“changes in/to sth.”(某物的变化)。例句:She changed her mind at last.(她最终改变了主意。);The caterpillar changes into a butterfly.(毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。);There are many changes in our city.(我们的城市发生了很多变化。)
9. similar(adj. 类似的;相像的):搭配“be similar to...”(与……相似),名词形式为similarity(相似性)。
例句:The two cars are similar to each other.(这两辆车彼此很相似。);
There are many similarities between the two books.(这两本书有很多相似之处。)
10. sound(v. 听起来;好像;n. 声音):作连系动词时,后接形容词;作名词时,泛指耳朵能听到的声音。拓展:同类感官连系动词还有look(看起来)、smell(闻起来)、feel(摸起来)。
例句:The music sounds beautiful.(这音乐听起来很美。);
I heard a strange sound last night.(昨晚我听到了一个奇怪的声音。);The cake smells delicious.(这蛋糕闻起来很香。);
The cloth feels soft.(这块布摸起来很软。)
二、重点句子用法
1. where引导的特殊疑问句:句型为“Where+is/are+主语?”,答语为“主语+is/are+地点状语”,用于询问人或事物的位置。
例句:—Where are your parents? —They are in the living room.(—你的父母在哪里?—他们在客厅里。);
—Where is Lucy? —She is in the library.(—露西在哪里?—她在图书馆里。)
2. 存现句(There be Structure):肯定式为“There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某时”,be动词与后面名词单复数一致;否定式为“There isn't/aren't+某物/某人+某地/某时”;一般疑问句为“Is/Are there+某物/某人+某地/某时?”,答语为“Yes, there is/are. / No, there isn't/aren't.”。需遵循就近原则,并列主语时,be动词形式由第一个主语单复数决定。
例句:There is a book and two pens on the desk.(桌子上有一本书和两支笔。);
There aren't any apples in the basket.(篮子里没有苹果。);
—Is there a park near here? —Yes, there is.(—这附近有公园吗?—是的,有。)
3. “How about...?”句型:含义为用于询问情况、征求意见或提出建议,相当于“What about...?”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
例句:How about going shopping this weekend?(这周末去购物怎么样?)
How about him? Is he okay?(他呢?他还好吗?);
What about having dinner together?(一起吃晚饭怎么样?)
Unit 1 You and Me 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. make friends(交朋友):固定短语,“和某人交朋友”用“make friends with sb.”,注意friend需用复数形式。
例句:I want to make friends with her.(我想和她交朋友。);
He made many friends at school.(他在学校交了很多朋友。)
2. grade(n. 年级;等级;成绩;v. 评分):作名词时,搭配“in Grade 7”(在七年级)、“good grades”(好成绩);作动词时,常用“grade papers”(批改试卷)。
例句:She is in Grade 8.(她在八年级。);
He got good grades in the exam.(他在考试中取得了好成绩。);
The teacher is grading the students' papers.(老师正在批改学生的试卷。)
3. name(n. 名字;名称;v. 命名):英文名字表达:first/given name(名字)、last/family name(姓氏)、full name(全名)、middle name(中间名)。搭配:“the name of...”(……的名称)、“name sb. sth.”(给某人取名为……)。
例句:My first name is Li, and my last name is Ming.(我的名字是明,姓氏是李。);
They named their son Tom.(他们给儿子取名为汤姆。);
What's the name of this street?(这条街叫什么名字?)
4. mistake(n. 错误;失误):常用搭配:make a mistake/mistakes(犯错误)、by mistake(错误地)。
例句:She made a mistake in the exam.(她在考试中犯了一个错误。);
I took his bag by mistake.(我误拿了他的包。);
He often makes mistakes in grammar.(他经常在语法上犯错误。)
5. same(adj. 相同的):搭配:“the same as...”(与……一样)、“at the same time”(同时),反义词为different。
例句:My bag is the same as yours.(我的包和你的一样。);
We arrived at the same time.(我们同时到达的。);
Our opinions are different.(我们的观点不同。)
6. both(adj.&pron. 两个;两个都):作形容词时,修饰复数名词,放名词前;作代词时,单独使用或用于“both of...”结构,作主语时谓语动词用复数。拓展:“both...and...”连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数;“not only...but also...”遵循就近原则。
例句:Both books are interesting.(两本书都很有趣。);
Both of us like music.(我们俩都喜欢音乐。);
Both Tom and Lily are students.(汤姆和莉莉都是学生。);
Not only he but also I am good at English.(不仅他,我也擅长英语。)
7. play(v. 玩;打;踢;弹奏):搭配规律:play+球类/棋类(不加the)、play+the+乐器、play with...(玩……/和……一起玩)。
例句:He likes to play basketball after school.(他喜欢放学后打篮球。);
She can play the piano very well.(她钢琴弹得很好。);
The child is playing with a toy car.(孩子正在玩玩具车。)
8. even(adv. 甚至;连;愈加):位置为系动词、助动词/情态动词后,实义动词前;可修饰形容词/副词比较级,表“更加”。
例句:She even didn't know it.(她甚至不知道这件事。);
This book is even more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本更有趣。);
He can even speak French.(他甚至会说法语。)
9. information(n. 信息;消息):不可数名词,“一则消息”用“a piece of information”,“关于……的信息”用“information on/about sth.”。
例句:I need some information about the trip.(我需要一些关于这次旅行的信息。);
She told me a piece of good information.(她告诉我一则好消息。);
We can get much information from the Internet.(我们可以从网上获取很多信息。)
二、重点句子用法
1. this is+名词/名词性短语:含义为用于介绍人、事物或地点,后接单数名词或不可数名词。拓展:“these are”用于介绍多个对象;电话用语中可用于自我介绍。
例句:This is my new friend, Lucy.(这是我的新朋友,露西。);
These are my books.(这些是我的书。);
Hello, this is Li Ming speaking.(你好,我是李明。)
2. Would you like...?:含义为用于礼貌邀请或提供某物,语气委婉。句型包括“Would you like to do sth.?”(你想做某事吗?)、“Would you like sth.?”(你想要某物吗?)。答语:肯定用“Yes, please. / I'd like to.”;否定用“No, thank you. / I'd like to, but...”。拓展:“would like to do sth.”(想要做某事)、“would like sb. to do sth.”(想要某人做某事)。
例句:—Would you like a cup of tea? —Yes, please.(—你想喝杯茶吗?—好的,谢谢。);
—Would you like to go to the park with me? —I'd like to, but I have to do my homework.(—你想和我一起去公园吗?—我想去,但是我得做作业。);
I'd like you to help me with my English.(我想让你帮我学英语。)
Unit 2 We're Family! 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. mean(v. 意思是;打算;adj. 吝啬的;刻薄的):作动词时,后接that从句、不定式(mean to do sth. 打算做某事);作形容词时,搭配“be mean with money”(花钱吝啬)、“be mean to sb.”(对某人刻薄),名词形式为meaning(意思)。
例句:What does this word mean?(这个词是什么意思?);
I mean to finish the work today.(我打算今天完成这项工作。);
He is mean with his money.(他花钱很吝啬。);
What's the meaning of this word?(这个词是什么意思?)
2. every day(每天):作时间状语,易混辨析:everyday是形容词,意为“日常的”,仅作定语。
例句:I go to school every day.(我每天去上学。);
Everyday life is full of happiness.(日常生活充满了快乐。);
She exercises every day.(她每天锻炼。)
3. spend(v. 花时间;花钱):核心搭配:spend+时间/钱+on sth. / (in) doing sth.(在某事/做某事上花费时间/钱)。易混辨析:take(It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.)、cost(sth. costs sb.+钱)。
例句:She spent two hours on the book.(她花了两个小时看这本书。);
He spent an hour doing homework.(他花了一个小时做作业。);
It takes me 10 minutes to walk to school.(我步行上学要花10分钟。);The book costs me 20 yuan.(这本书花了我20元。)
4. a lot of/lots of(大量;许多):可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,同义短语:many(修饰可数复数)、much(修饰不可数)、plenty of(修饰可数/不可数)。
例句:There are a lot of books in the library.(图书馆里有很多书。);
She has lots of money.(她有很多钱。);
Many students like this teacher.(很多学生喜欢这位老师。);
There is much water in the bottle.(瓶子里有很多水。)
5. laugh(v. 笑;n. 笑声):搭配:laugh at sb./sth.(嘲笑某人/某物),名词形式为laughter(不可数,笑声)。
例句:We laughed at his funny story.(我们为他有趣的故事笑了。);
Don't laugh at others' mistakes.(不要嘲笑别人的错误。);
We heard laughter from the next room.(我们听到了隔壁房间的笑声。)
6. different(adj. 不同的):搭配:be different from/to/than...(与……不同),名词形式为difference(不同之处),副词形式为differently(不同地),搭配“make a difference”(有影响)。
例句:His idea is different from mine.(他的想法和我的不同。);
There are many differences between the two cities.(这两个城市有很多不同之处。);
She thinks differently from us.(她的想法和我们不一样。);
It makes a big difference to my life.(这对我的生活有很大影响。)
7. have fun(玩得高兴):单独使用或后接doing sth.,可作交际用语,表“祝你玩得开心”。
例句:We had fun at the party.(我们在派对上玩得很开心。);
They had fun playing football.(他们踢足球玩得很开心。);
Have fun on your trip!(祝你旅途愉快!)
8. one(pron. 一个人/事物):指代前文提到的同类事物中的一个,而非同一个,复数形式为ones;易混辨析:it指代前文提到的同一个事物。
例句:This pen is nice. I want one.(这支笔很好看,我想要一支。);
I lost my pen. I can't find it.(我丢了我的笔,找不到它了。);
These apples are fresh. I want some ones.(这些苹果很新鲜,我想要一些。)
9. hike(v.&n. 远足;徒步旅行):搭配:go hiking(去远足),类似“go+doing”短语:go swimming(游泳)、go climbing(爬山),均表示从事某项户外活动。
例句:We plan to go hiking this weekend.(我们计划这周末去远足。);
They went climbing last Sunday.(他们上周日去爬山了。);
She likes hiking in the mountains.(她喜欢在山里徒步旅行。)
二、重点句子用法
1. What+be动词+sth./sb.+like?:含义为询问某人的性格/外貌或事物的特点,询问事物状况时可与“How+be动词+sth.?”互换。拓展:询问外貌用“What do/does sb. look like?”。
例句:—What does your brother look like? —He is tall.(—你哥哥长什么样?—他很高。);
—What is your brother like? —He is friendly.(—你哥哥人怎么样?—他很友好。);
—What is the movie like? —It's very interesting.(—这部电影怎么样?—非常有趣。)
2. 以方位介词(短语)开头的倒装句:结构为“方位介词短语+be动词/行为动词+主语”,用于强调主语位置,注意主语为代词时不倒装。
例句:Next to the desk is a chair.(桌子旁边是一把椅子。);
Here comes the bus.(公交车来了。);
Under the tree sits an old man.(树下坐着一位老人。);
Here it is.(它在这里。)
Unit 3 My School 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. in front of(在……前面):表示在某物外部的前面,反义词为behind;易混辨析:in the front of(在某物内部的前面),反义词为at the back of。
例句:There is a tree in front of the classroom.(教室前面有一棵树。);
There is a desk in the front of the classroom.(教室前面有一张桌子。);The car is behind the house.(车在房子后面。)
2. important(adj. 重要的):补充用法:be important to sb.(对某人重要)。
例句:Education is important to everyone.(教育对每个人都很重要。);
This letter is important to me.(这封信对我很重要。)
3. notice(n. 通知;注意;v. 注意到):作名词时,“a notice”(一则通知);作动词时,“notice sb. do/doing sth.”(注意到某人做/正在做某事)。
例句:There is a notice on the wall.(墙上有一则通知。);
I noticed her cry.(我注意到她哭了。);
I noticed her crying when I passed by.(我路过时注意到她正在哭。)
4. raise(v. 使升高;提高;筹集;养育):补充搭配:raise prices(涨价)、raise one's voice(提高声音)。
例句:The shop raised the price of fruits.(商店提高了水果的价格。);
He raised his voice so that everyone could hear him.(他提高了声音,以便每个人都能听到。)
5. change(v.&n. 改变;变化):补充搭配:change seats(换座位)、change into(变成)。
例句:They changed seats during the break.(他们在课间换了座位。);
The caterpillar changes into a butterfly.(毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。)
6. similar(adj. 类似的;相像的):补充搭配:“be similar in...”(在……方面相似)。
例句:The two cars are similar in shape.(这两辆车在外形上很相似。);
They are similar in age.(他们年龄相仿。)
7. sound(v. 听起来;n. 声音):补充辨析:sound 可指各种声音,voice 特指人的嗓音,noise 指噪音。
例句:the sound of rain(雨声)、a beautiful voice(动听的嗓音)、too much noise(太多噪音);
The sound of the wind is very loud.(风声很大。);
She has a sweet voice.(她的声音很甜。)
二、重点句子用法
1. where引导的特殊疑问句:用于询问学校场所的位置,句型同Starter Unit 3,结合学校场景举例。
例句:—Where's the gym? —It's next to the dining hall.(—体育馆在哪里?—在餐厅旁边。);
—Where is the teachers' office? —It's on the second floor.(—教师办公室在哪里?—在二楼。)
2. 存现句(There be Structure):用于描述学校里存在的事物,结合场景举例。
例句:There are some trees in our school.(我们学校有一些树。);
There is a library in our school.(我们学校有一个图书馆。);
There are two computer rooms in our school.(我们学校有两个电脑室。)
3. “How about...?”句型:用于询问对方学校的情况,结合场景举例。
例句:—How about your school library? Is it big?(—你们学校的图书馆怎么样?大吗?)—Yes, it's very big. There are many books in it.(—是的,很大。里面有很多书。);
—How about your classroom? —It's clean and bright.(—你们的教室呢?—干净又明亮。)
Unit 4 My Favourite Subject 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. boring(adj. 乏味的;令人厌烦的):修饰事物,易混辨析:bored(修饰人,表“感到厌倦的”)。
例句:The lecture is boring. I feel bored.(这个讲座很无聊,我感到厌倦。);This book is boring. No one likes to read it.(这本书很无聊,没人喜欢读。);
She is bored with the movie.(她对这部电影感到厌倦。)
2. useful(adj. 有用的):反义词为useless,搭配“be useful to sb./for sth.”(对某人/某事有用)。拓展:-ful(肯定后缀)和-less(否定后缀)的形容词:careful-careless、hopeful-hopeless、helpful-helpless等。
例句:This book is useful to students.(这本书对学生很有用。);
This tool is useless.(这个工具没用了。);
She is a careful girl.(她是个细心的女孩。);
He is careless with his things.(他对自己的东西很粗心。)
3. past(n. 过去;adj. 过去的;prep. 在……之后;经过):作名词时,“the past”(过去);作形容词时,“past life”(过去的生活);作介词时,“half past six”(六点半)、“walk past the shop”(经过商店)。
例句:He walked past my house yesterday.(他昨天从我家旁边经过。);
She likes to talk about the past.(她喜欢谈论过去。);
We had a happy past life.(我们过去的生活很幸福。);
It's half past seven now.(现在七点半了。)
4. good with(灵巧的;善于应付……的)/ good at(擅长):good with 后接人或事物,如“be good with children”(善于和孩子相处);good at 后接(doing) sth.,如“be good at drawing”(擅长画画)。拓展:be good to sb.(对某人友善)、be good for...(对……有好处)。
例句:She is good with children.(她善于和孩子相处。);
He is good at playing basketball.(他擅长打篮球。);
My mother is good to everyone.(我妈妈对每个人都很友善。);Vegetables are good for health.(蔬菜对健康有好处。)
5. reason(n. 原因;理由):搭配:the reason why...(……的原因)、the reason for (doing) sth.(做某事的原因),形容词形式为reasonable(合理的)。例句:The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.(他迟到的原因是他错过了公交车。);
There is no reasonable reason for his mistake.(他的错误没有合理的理由。);
What's the reason for your absence?(你缺席的原因是什么?)
6. remember(v. 记住;记起):搭配:remember to do sth.(记得做某事,未做)、remember doing sth.(记得做过某事,已做),反义词为forget。
例句:Remember to close the door.(记得关门。);
I remember closing the door.(我记得关过门了。);
Don't forget to bring your umbrella.(别忘了带伞。)
7. as(prep. 如同;作为;conj. 当……时;由于):作介词时,“as a student”(作为一名学生);作连词时,“as we grow up”(随着我们长大)、“as it is raining”(因为在下雨)。
例句:As a teacher, she is very patient.(作为一名老师,她很有耐心。);
I was reading as he came in.(他进来的时候我正在看书。);
As it was late, we went home.(因为天晚了,我们就回家了。)
8. future(n. 将来;未来):搭配:in the future(在将来),形容词形式为future(未来的)。
例句:We will have a better life in the future.(我们将来会有更好的生活。);She has made future plans.(她已经制定了未来的计划。)
9. work out(计算出;解决):代词作宾语时放中间,名词可放中间或后面。
例句:Work out the problem as soon as possible.(尽快解决这个问题。);
I can't work it out. Can you help me?(我算不出来,你能帮我吗?)
10. problem(n. 难题;困难):搭配:have problems (in) doing sth.(做某事有困难),易混辨析:question(指需要回答的问题)。
例句:We have problems finishing the task.(我们完成任务有困难。);
Answer this question.(回答这个问题。);
He solved the problem successfully.(他成功解决了这个难题。)
二、重点句子用法
1. “What+be动词+your favourite...?”句型:含义为询问对方最喜欢的事物,后接可数名词单数或不可数名词时be动词用is,复数用are。同义句:“What...do you like best/most?”,答语:My favourite...is... / I like...best.。
例句:—What's your favourite subject? —My favourite subject is math. / I like math best.(—你最喜欢的科目是什么?—我最喜欢的科目是数学。/我最喜欢数学。);
—What are your favourite sports? —My favourite sports are swimming and running.(—你最喜欢的运动是什么?—我最喜欢的运动是游泳和跑步。)
2. It is + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.:含义为对某人来说做某事是……的,it为形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式。拓展:若形容词形容人的品质,用of sb.。
例句:It's kind of you to help me.(你能帮我真是太好了。);
It's important for us to study hard.(对我们来说努力学习很重要。);
It's easy for her to finish the work.(对她来说完成这项工作很容易。)
3. 连词and、but、because的用法:and表并列,连接前后语义一致的内容;but表转折,连接前后语义相反的内容;because表原因,回答why引导的问句,注意不能与so连用。
例句:I like math and English.(我喜欢数学和英语。);
The book is thick but interesting.(这本书很厚但很有趣。);
I stayed at home because I was ill.(我因为生病待在了家里。);
—Why didn't you go? —Because I was busy.(—你为什么没去?—因为我很忙。)
Unit 5 Fun Clubs 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. join(v. 参加;加入):易混辨析:join(加入组织、团体、党派,成为一员)、join in(参加游戏、活动)、take part in(参加活动,强调积极参与)。例句:He wants to join the army.(他想参军。);
Can I join in your game?(我能加入你们的游戏吗?);
She took part in the singing competition.(她参加了歌唱比赛。)
2. choose(v. 选择;挑选):搭配:choose between A and B(在A和B之间选择)、choose A from B(从B中选A)、choose to do sth.(选择做某事),名词形式为choice(选择)。
例句:She chose to study art.(她选择学习美术。);
It's a difficult choice.(这是一个艰难的选择。);
He chose a red shirt from the wardrobe.(他从衣柜里选了一件红色衬衫。)
3. feeling(n. 感觉;情感):可数或不可数,“a feeling of happiness”(幸福感),复数形式为feelings(情感),动词形式为feel(感觉)。
例句:She has a strong feeling of satisfaction.(她有一种强烈的满足感。);
I feel cold.(我觉得冷。);
He hurt her feelings.(他伤害了她的感情。)
4. news(n. 消息;新闻):不可数,“a piece of news”(一则消息),易混辨析:information(泛指信息)、message(留言、口信)。例句:I heard a piece of good news.(我听到了一则好消息。);Can you take a message for me?(你能帮我带个口信吗?);We can get much information from the Internet.(我们可以从网上获取很多信息。)
5. more(adj.&pron. 更多的):后接可数复数或不可数名词,搭配:more and more(越来越多的)。
例句:More and more people like to travel.(越来越多的人喜欢旅行。);
I need more time to finish the work.(我需要更多时间完成这项工作。);She has more books than me.(她的书比我多。)
6. act(v. 扮演;行动;n. 一幕;行动):搭配:act out(表演)、act as(担任),名词形式:actor(男演员)、actress(女演员)、action(行动)。
例句:They acted out the story in class.(他们在课堂上表演了这个故事。);
He acted as a doctor in the play.(他在剧中扮演一名医生。);
We should take action immediately.(我们应该立即采取行动。)
7. interested(adj. 感兴趣的):修饰人,搭配“be interested in sth./doing sth.”(对某事/做某事感兴趣),易混辨析:interesting(修饰事物,令人感兴趣的)。
例句:I am interested in history.(我对历史感兴趣。);
It's an interesting story.(这是一个有趣的故事。);
She is interested in collecting stamps.(她对集邮感兴趣。)
8. collect(v. 收集;采集):搭配:collect sth. from...(从……收集某物),名词形式:collection(收藏品)、collector(收藏家)。
例句:She collects stamps.(她集邮。);
This is a collection of paintings.(这是一批画作收藏品。);
He is a stamp collector.(他是一名集邮爱好者。)
9. discover(v. 发现;发觉):易混辨析:invent(发明,创造新事物)、find(找到,强调结果)、find out(查明,强调过程)、look for(寻找,强调动作)。
例句:Columbus discovered America.(哥伦布发现了美洲。);
Edison invented the light bulb.(爱迪生发明了灯泡。);
I found my lost key in the bag.(我在包里找到了丢失的钥匙。);
We need to find out the truth.(我们需要查明真相。)
二、重点句子用法
1. Let's...句型:含义为提出建议,表“让我们做……吧”,否定式为“Let's not do sth.”。拓展:同类建议句型:Shall we...?(我们……好吗?)、Why don't we...?(我们为什么不……呢?)、Why not...?(为什么不……呢?),语气相近可互换。
例句:Let's join the music club.(让我们加入音乐俱乐部吧。);
Let's not be late for the meeting.(我们开会别迟到了。);
Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?(我们明天去动物园好吗?);
Why not go for a walk?(为什么不去散步呢?)
2. 情态动词can的用法:表能力,后接动词原形,否定式为can't/cannot。肯定句:主语+can+动词原形;否定句:主语+can't+动词原形;一般疑问句:Can+主语+动词原形?,答语为“Yes, 主语+can. / No, 主语+can't.”;特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形?。拓展:can还可表请求、允许,语气委婉。
例句:—Can you swim? —Yes, I can.(—你会游泳吗?—是的,我会。);
—Can she play the guitar? —No, she can't.(—她会弹吉他吗?—不,她不会。);
Can I borrow your pen?(我能借你的笔吗?);
He can speak three languages.(他会说三种语言。)
Unit 6 A Day in the Life 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. make use of(使用;利用):use作不可数名词,可加形容词修饰,常用搭配“make good/full use of”(充分利用)。
例句:We should make good use of our time to study.(我们应该充分利用时间学习。);
She makes full use of every chance to practice English.(她充分利用每个机会练习英语。)
2. quarter(n. 一刻钟;四等份之一):表时间时,“a quarter past+钟点”(几点一刻)、“a quarter to+钟点”(差一刻几点);表分数时,“one quarter”(四分之一)。
例句:He gets up at a quarter past seven.(他七点一刻起床。);
One quarter of the students are girls.(四分之一的学生是女生。)
3. duty(n. 值班;职责):搭配“on duty”(值班)、“off duty”(下班)、“a sense of duty”(责任感)、“It's one's duty to do sth.”(做某事是某人的职责)。
例句:She is on duty today.(她今天值班。);
It's our duty to protect the environment.(保护环境是我们的职责。)
4. usually(adv. 通常地;一般地):频度副词,位于be动词/助动词/情态动词后、实义动词前,同类词有always、often、sometimes等。
例句:I usually go to school by bike.(我通常骑自行车上学。);
He usually finishes his homework before dinner.(他通常晚饭前完成作业。)
5. get dressed(穿衣服):主语为人,搭配“be/get dressed in+颜色/衣服”(穿着……)。
例句:She gets dressed quickly in the morning.(她早上穿衣服很快。);
The boy is dressed in a blue coat.(这个男孩穿着蓝色外套。)
6. while(n. 一段时间;conj. 在……期间):作名词时,“for a while”(一会儿);作连词时,引导时间状语从句,主从句常表同时进行的动作。
例句:He read a book for a while after lunch.(他午饭后读了一会儿书。);
My mother cooked while I did my homework.(我做作业时妈妈在做饭。)
7. break(n. 休息;v. 打破;损坏):作名词时,“take a break”(休息一会儿)、“at break”(课间休息);作动词时,过去式为broke,过去分词为broken,相关短语“break down”(出故障)。
例句:Let's take a break.(我们休息一会儿吧。);
The glass broke into pieces.(杯子摔成了碎片。);
His car broke down on the way.(他的车在路上出故障了。)
8. finish(v. 结束;完成):后接名词或动名词(finish doing sth.),不可接不定式。
例句:She finishes her work at 5 p.m.(她下午5点结束工作。);
I finished reading the novel yesterday.(我昨天读完了这本小说。)
9. prepare(v. 准备):搭配“prepare sth. for...”(为……准备某物)、“prepare to do sth.”(准备做某事)、“prepare oneself for sth.”(为某事做好准备),名词形式为preparation(准备)。
例句:They are preparing for the party.(他们在为派对做准备。);
I prepare to go on a trip.(我准备去旅行。);
She prepared herself for the exam.(她为考试做好了准备。)
二、重点句子用法
1. 时间表达句型:整点用“钟点数+o'clock”;顺读法为“钟点数+分钟数”;逆读法中,分钟数≤30用“分钟数+past+钟点数”,分钟数>30用“(60-分钟数)+to+(钟点数+1)”。时间介词:in(月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上)、on(具体日期、某天上午/下午/晚上)、at(具体时刻、night/noon)。
例句:It's nine o'clock now.(现在九点了。);
The meeting starts at ten twenty.(会议十点二十分开始。);
He was born on May 1st.(他五月一日出生。);
We have classes in the morning.(我们上午有课。)
2. 特殊疑问句(what time/when/what引导):what time侧重询问具体时刻;when侧重询问时间范围;what询问事物。
例句:—What time do you go to bed? —I go to bed at 10 p.m.(—你几点睡觉?—我晚上十点睡觉。);
—When do you have a picnic? —On weekends.(—你什么时候去野餐?—在周末。);
—What do you do after school? —I play basketball.(—你放学后做什么?—我打篮球。)
3. It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 句型:表示“(对某人来说)该做某事了”,it为真正主语,不定式作后置定语修饰time。
例句:It's time for us to have class.(我们该上课了。);
It's time to go to bed.(该睡觉了。)
Unit 7 Happy Birthday! 知识点整理
一、单词用法
1. celebrate(v. 庆祝;庆贺):及物或不及物动词,后接节日、生日等名词,名词形式为celebration(庆祝活动)。
例句:We celebrate Christmas every year.(我们每年都庆祝圣诞节。);
They celebrated his birthday with a big party.(他们用一场盛大的派对庆祝他的生日。)
2. surprise(n. 惊奇;v. 使意外):作名词时,“in surprise”(惊讶地)、“to one's surprise”(令某人惊讶的是);作动词时,“surprise sb.”(使某人意外);形容词形式“surprising”(修饰事物)、“surprised”(修饰人)。
例句:She looked at me in surprise.(她惊讶地看着我。);
To my surprise, he passed the exam.(令我惊讶的是,他通过了考试。);The news surprised everyone.(这个消息让所有人都很意外。)
3. something(pron. 某事;某物):复合不定代词,用于肯定句,否定句/疑问句中换为anything;形容词修饰时需后置。
例句:I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事要告诉你。);
Is there anything interesting in the book?(这本书里有什么有趣的内容吗?)
4. total(n. 总数;adj. 总的):搭配“in total”(总共)、“a total of+数量”(总计……),可作动词表“总数达”。
例句:The total of the scores is 100.(总分是100分。);
In total, there are 50 students in the class.(班里总共有50名学生。);
His income totals 100,000 yuan a year.(他一年的收入总计10万元。)
5. own(adj.&pron. 自己的;v. 拥有):作形容词时,“one's own+名词”(某人自己的……);作动词时,“own sth.”(拥有某物),名词形式为owner(主人)。
例句:She has her own room.(她有自己的房间。);
He owns a small shop.(他拥有一家小店。)
6. for example(例如):作插入语,用逗号与句子隔开,可位于句首、句中、句末;与“such as”的区别:such as后直接接列举内容,无逗号。
例句:I like fruits, for example, apples and bananas.(我喜欢水果,比如苹果和香蕉。);
He can play many sports, such as basketball and football.(他会很多运动,比如篮球和足球。)
7. mark(v. 做记号;纪念;打分;n. 记号):作动词时,“mark sth. on...”(在……上做记号)、“mark the birthday”(纪念生日)、“mark exams”(批改试卷);作名词时,“a mark”(一个记号)。
例句:My father marks my height on the door every year.(我爸爸每年都在门上标记我的身高。);
The teacher is marking our exam papers.(老师正在批改我们的试卷。);There is a mark on the wall.(墙上有一个记号。)
8. grow(v. 成长;长大;种植):搭配“grow up”(长大)、“grow+adj.”(变得……)、“grow sth.”(种植某物)。
例句:The child grows fast.(这个孩子长得很快。);
She grows taller and taller.(她长得越来越高了。);
They grow vegetables in the garden.(他们在花园里种蔬菜。)
9. blow out(吹灭):“动词+副词”型短语,代词作宾语时放中间,名词可放中间或后面。
例句:Blow out the candles before making a wish.(许愿前吹灭蜡烛。);
The wind blew out the candle.(风吹灭了蜡烛。);
She blew it out quickly.(她很快把它吹灭了。)
10. enjoy(v. 享受;喜欢):搭配“enjoy sth.”(喜欢某物)、“enjoy doing sth.”(喜欢做某事)、“enjoy oneself”(玩得开心),形容词形式为enjoyable(令人愉快的)。例句:I enjoy listening to music.(我喜欢听音乐。);They enjoyed themselves at the party.(他们在派对上玩得很开心。);It's an enjoyable trip.(这是一次令人愉快的旅行。)
二、重点句子用法
1. “It's a great idea to do sth.”句型:it为形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式,表“做某事是个好主意”。
例句:It's a great idea to have a picnic this weekend.(这周末去野餐是个好主意。);
It's a great idea to give her a book as a birthday gift.(送她一本书作为生日礼物是个好主意。)
2. 含“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的句子:结构为“特殊疑问词(what/how/where等)+to do”,可作主语、宾语、表语。
例句:Could you tell me how to get to the park?(你能告诉我怎么去公园吗?);
Where to go is not decided yet.(去哪里还没决定。);
The question is what to do next.(问题是接下来做什么。)
3. 特殊疑问句(序数词相关):序数词表顺序,不规则变化:one→first、two→second、three→third等;规则变化:基数词+th(four→fourth);“几十几”变序数词时,仅个位数变。用法:序数词前常加the或形容词性物主代词,表编号时“the+序数词+名词=名词+基数词”。
例句:—When is your birthday? —On the first of June.(—你的生日是什么时候?—六月一日。);
This is my third time to visit Beijing.(这是我第三次去北京。);
The fifth lesson=Lesson Five(第五课)
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