Unit4 History and Traditions 词汇复习课件-2026届高三英语人教版必修第二册

Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 一轮词汇复习 1 surround vt. 围绕;包围 (1)surround…with…用……把……围绕 be surrounded with/by被……围绕 (2)surroundings n. 周围的事物,环境 (3)surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 6 单句填空 ①［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the ____________ (surround) environment. surrounding ②[2023·全国甲卷] There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its _____________ (surround). surroundings ③[2023·浙江1月考] In the Ming Dynasty, the centre was the Forbidden City, ____________ (surround) in concentric (同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. surrounded 8 完成句子 ④［2024·新课标Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷应用文写作］__________________________ ______ not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much- needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. 被大自然环绕不仅激发了我的创造力，还让我从平日学校生活的喧 嚣忙碌中获得了非常需要的放松。 Being surrounded by nature 9 ⑤Bathed in sunshine, players from Grade 3 competed against their teachers in the basketball field _________________________ _________ who were watching excitedly. (应用文写作话题之体育 比赛) 沐浴在阳光下,三年级的球员们在篮球场上与老师们比赛,其余学生在 周围兴奋地观看。 surrounded by the rest of students 10 charge v. 收费;控告;充电;猛冲 n.收费;指控;主管 (1)charge sb money for sth因某物向某人收费/要价 charge sb with sth/doing sth(=accuse sb of sth/doing sth) 指控某人 犯……罪 charge at/towards 向……冲去 (2)in charge of sth 主管/负责某事 in the charge of sb 由某人负责/掌管 take charge of 主管;负责 free of charge(=for free)免费 11 一词多义 ①He was charged with murder, which surprised us all. ______ ②[2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult. ______ 指控 收费 ③［北师选必一］On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone. ______ 充电 ④［2018·全国卷Ⅲ］The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges towards me. _______________ 向……冲去 13 完成句子 ⑤[2021·全国甲卷书面表达] I will _____________________________ a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners. 我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。 be in charge of/take charge of 14 approach vt.接近;靠近;接洽;着手处理 vi. 靠近 n.方法;途径;接近 (1)approach sth/sb 接近/靠近某物/某人 be approaching 临近,靠近 (2)with the approach of (=with+名词+approaching)随着……的到来 an approach to (doing) sth 做某事的方法 ［温馨提示］ “做某事的方法”的常见表达还有: ①the way to do/of doing sth ②the means of doing sth ③the method of/for doing sth 17 单句填空/熟词生义 ①As a result of the heavy rain, all the approaches ____ the airport were blocked for the moment. ②They are trying their best to find a new approach to ________(solve) these complex problems. ③[2022·浙江1月考] He had a way with technical things and approached every detail with a clear purpose. ______ ④[2019·北京卷] She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. ______ to solving 处理 接洽 19 完成句子/一句多译 ⑤[2021·浙江6月考] ________________________________, I noticed my dad and mum standing beside the old truck, looking sadly. (读后续写之动作描写) 一走近房子,我就注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,神情悲伤。 Upon/On approaching the house 20 ⑥随着提交论文最后期限的临近，她的焦虑如野火般蔓延，使她难 以集中精力做任何其他事情。(读后续写之心理描写) →____________________________________________________, her anxiety grew like wildfire, making it difficult to concentrate on anything else. (as引导时间状语从句) →__________________________________________________, her anxiety grew like wildfire, making it difficult to concentrate on anything else.(with复合结构) As the deadline for submitting papers was approaching With the deadline for submitting papers approaching 21 eager adj.渴望的; 热切的 (1)be eager for sth (=long for sth) 渴望某物 be eager to do sth(=long to do sth) 渴望做某事 (2)eagerly adv. 急切地;渴望地 (3)eagerness n. 渴望 with eagerness(=eagerly)急切地 in one's eagerness to do sth某人渴望做某事 22 单句填空 ①[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager _______ (try) something new. to try ②［外研必修一］I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my __________ (eager) to get to know my new school. ③［《小妇人》］The young girl was eager ____ knowledge, always seeking to learn something new. eagerness for 23 完成句子 ④Soon, it started to rain heavily. ___________________, Margarito began to drive faster. (读后续写之心理描写) 很快,天开始下起大雨来。马加里托急于回家,开始加快车速。 Eager to get home ⑤Upon our arrival at home, Angela ran to the garbage for the carpet ______________________ but couldn't find it. 我们一到家,安杰拉就急切地跑向垃圾箱去找地毯,但没找到。 with eagerness/eagerly 24 belong to 属于；是……的一员 (1)belong v.应在(某处)；适应 (2)a sense of belonging归属感 (3)belongings n.所有物；财产 ［温馨提示］ 该短语无被动语态和进行时态。 27 单句填空 ①Normally, after I finish reading a book, I will put it back where it _________(belong). ②Before getting off, please check whether your ___________ (belong) are left on the drifting boat. ③In the sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens __________ (belong) to wealthy people. belongs belongings belonging 28 完成句子 ④Paper cutting has a history of over 1,500 years, ____________ ______________________ traditional art in China. (应用文写作话题 之传统文化) 剪纸在中国属于传统艺术,已有1500多年的历史。 which belongs to/belonging to ⑤The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, ____________________________(有一种归属感) in the group.(读后续写之心理描写) having a sense of belonging 29 指出下列黑体词的含义 1.[2024·浙江1月考] The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.____________ 互动，交流 2.[2019·北京卷] They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent.__________ 互相依赖 34 3.The success of a project often depends on how well team members interrelate and communicate with each other. ________ __ 相互关联 4.Effective interpersonal communication skills are essential for building strong relationships in both personal and professional settings.________ 人际的 5.The interconnection of different cultures through globalization has led to a more diverse and enriched world.__________ 相互连接 35 熟词生义练 指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义 1.crash ①[2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity.___________ 撞车(事故) ②The plane crashed, and its bombs exploded as it hit the ground.__________ ③Investors were seriously worried when the stock market began to crash.______ 撞毁;坠毁 暴跌 36 2.credit ①People who ordered were given an option of paying cash on delivery or by credit card.______ ②Through the AP programme students can earn college credits in high school.______ ③The bank refused further credit to the company.____________ ④[2023·全国甲卷] She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd._____________ ⑤I can't take all the credit for the show's success—it was a team effort.____________ 信用 学分 借款，贷款 把……归功于 功劳；赞扬 37 3.cross ①[2022·全国甲卷] Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them.________ ②It crossed my mind yesterday that you must be short of staff._______________ ③My dad will get cross with me if I leave the kitchen in a mess.______________ 使交叉 (念头)闪现,掠过 愤怒的,生气的 38 4.current ①I wouldn't work for them even if they paid me twice my current salary.______________ 当前的,现在的 ②The river's current was so strong that it swept away everything in its path during the storm. __________ 水流 ③The electrical current flowing through the wires can be dangerous if not handled properly. __________ 电流 ④There is a growing current of support for environmental issues among voters._______________ 思潮,潮流,趋向 39 5.decline ①[2023·浙江1月考] Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the US agricultural economy.______ 下降 ②Our application for a loan was declined by the bank.______ 拒绝 40 　 belong vi. ①应在(某处)　②属于　③适应 1)belong to属于;是……的成员;应归入 ①belong to不能用于进行时态和被动语态,后接名词或代词宾格。 ②belong还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面,如in, on, among, under等,表“某人/某物处在适当的位置”。 2)a sense of belonging归属感 背写作佳句 ①I belong to a painting club, which enables me to deepen visitors􀆳 understanding of Chinese culture.我是绘画俱乐部成员,这能让我加深游客对中国文化的了解。(申请信) ②Putting the book where it belonged, the boy tiptoed out of the room as lightly as possible.男孩把书放在原处,尽量轻地踮起脚尖出了房间。(读后续写动作细节) defence n. ①防御;保卫　②辩护;辩解 1)in defence of为保护…… in defence防守 come to one􀆳s defence=in one􀆳s defence替某人辩护 2)defend ... against/from ...保卫……以免受…… defend one􀆳s views为某人的观点辩解 背写作佳句 ①Keeping a balanced diet and taking regular exercise can help defend ourselves against infection.保持均衡的饮食和经常锻炼有助于保护我们免受感染。(倡议书) ②She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.她向后退了几步,显得很惊讶,并举起双手,好像在自卫。(读后续写动作描写) 背写作佳句 ①It is wise to surround yourself with people who have a high level of self⁃discipline.交一些高度自律的朋友是明智的。(建议信) ②The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, surrounded by a high wire fence.这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到我们的营地,营地周围有高高的铁丝网。(2020·浙江卷读后续写) 背写作佳句 ①My English teacher, who has been teaching for twenty years, is in charge of the school work.我的英语老师负责学校的工作,他已经教了二十年书了。(2020·全国卷Ⅰ参赛短文) ②The shop owner charged me nothing for the noodles, and I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.店主没有收我买面条的钱,我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。(读后续写情感描写) ③He came charging into my room and demanded to know what was going on.他冲进我的房间,要求知道发生了什么事。(读后续写动作描写) amount n. ①数量;数额　②金额　vi. ③总计;共计　④相当于;等于 1)the amount of……的数量 a small/large/huge amount of+n. [U]+v.(单数) small/large/huge amounts of+n. [U]+v.(复数) 2)amount to达到;合计;相当于;等于;意味着 背写作佳句 ①A large amount of money raised in the charity sale has been donated to the local school.在慈善义卖中筹集的一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。(活动介绍) ②Mom said seriously, patting me on the shoulder,“Lazy people will not amount to anything in life.”妈妈拍着我的肩膀严肃地说:“懒惰的人在生活中一事无成。”(2021·浙江卷读后续写) 背写作佳句 ①With the Mid⁃Autumn Festival approaching/At the approach of the Mid⁃Autumn Festival, I􀆳d like to invite you to join us in celebrating it.中秋节快到了,我想邀请你和我们一起过中秋节。(邀请信) ②Listening to some Chinese songs is also a good approach to learning Chinese well.听一些中文歌曲也是学好中文的一个好方法。(建议信) ③He approached us, full of apologies.他连声道歉地朝我们走来。(读后续写动作描写) crowd n. ①人群;一群人　②民众　vt. ③挤满;使……拥挤　 ④vi. 涌进;蜂拥而至 1)a crowd of/crowds of一大群;很多 the crowd人群 2)crowd in (on) sb./crowd into sb.􀆳s mind (想法、问题等)涌上(某人)心头;涌入(某人)脑海 crowd into/in涌入(某地) crowd out挤出 crowd around/round挤在……周围 crowd sth. into ...把……塞进…… 3)be crowded with挤满 背写作佳句 ①The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me/crowded into my mind.我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。 ②The children crowded packs of popcorn into the basket, which gave off an inviting smell.孩子们把一袋袋爆米花塞进篮子里,(爆米花)散发着诱人的香味。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) ③The air smelled of the best bread baked, and customers soon crowded into the store, making the street crowded.空气中弥漫着烤得最好的面包的香味,顾客们很快就涌进了商店,使得街上人如潮涌。(读后续写场景描写) break away from 脱离;背叛;逃脱 break down (机器等)出故障,坏掉;身体垮掉,情不自禁地哭起来;失败;分解 break in闯入,强行进入 break in (on sth.)打断,插嘴 break out突然发生 break through突破,冲破;克服,战胜 break up粉碎;分裂;(婚姻等)结束 背写作佳句 ①My father carefully cut the pumpkin open, so I finally had my head break away from it.我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开,我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。(2021·浙江卷读后续写) ②He broke down at the news, tears streaming down his cheeks.听到这个消息,他不禁泪流满面。(读后续写神态描写) ③The party broke up and the neighbors hurried home.宴会结束,邻居们匆匆赶回家去。(读后续写场景描写) as well as 同(一样也);和;还 1)as well“也”,置于肯定句句末 2)as well as ...同……一样好 3)may/might as well do sth.做某事也无妨 4)as well as“既……,又……”,用来连接两个并列成分,后接动词时多用⁃ing形式;当“A as well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。 背写作佳句 ①It was your great efforts as well as your professional guidance that helped me make great progress.是您的努力和专业的指导让我取得了很大的进步。(感谢信) ②If you do not like swimming, you may as well go jogging.如果不喜欢游泳,你不妨慢跑。(建议信) ③Tears welled up in her eyes, and her heart seemed to be torn as well.她泪如泉涌,心也要碎了。(读后续写情感描写) $