内容正文:
专题02 形容词和副词
目 录
1·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
2·时空导航·网络构建 3
3·题型通关·靶向突破 3
专题一 知识必备 3
(一)形容词与副词的句法功能 3
2. 中考高频形容词/副词分类 4
专题二 核心考点精讲 5
考点 1:原级的用法 5
考点 2:比较级的用法 5
考点 3:最高级的用法 6
考点 4:词形转换 7
考点 5:高频易混淆形容词/副词辨析 8
考点 6:新题型解题点拨 9
专题三 形容词和副词短语梳理 9
1. 形容词短语 9
2. 副词短语 10
4·优题精选·练能提分 11
考情分析
1. 题型调整核心变化
2025 年河北中考英语删除单项选择和连词成句题型,形容词和副词的考查重心全面转移,核心集中在三大题型:
完形填空:每年 2~3 道题,仍以词义辨析为核心,侧重语境中形容词 / 副词的适配选择;
短文填空(原词语运用升级):新增为 15 空(11 个适当形式填空+4 个盲填),形容词/副词考查占比 3~4 空,重点覆盖词形转换、比较等级、固定搭配,成为该考点第一大题型;
补全对话(新增题型):偶尔考查情绪类、描述类形容词 / 副词(如 nervous、glad、quickly),侧重交际场景中的灵活运用。
2. 分值与命题特征
分值占比:保持 5~7 分,短文填空贡献 2~3 分,完形填空贡献 2~3 分,补全对话 / 阅读表达偶有涉及 1 分。
命题预测
1. 语境化贯穿:所有考点均嵌入语篇,无孤立语法考查,传统的比较等级、词形转换需结合2. 上下文判断(如短文填空中根据 than、in 等信号词确定比较级 / 最高级);
3. 综合性增强:短文填空中常出现 “词形转换+比较等级”“形容词变副词+固定搭配” 的综合考查(如 2025 年真题考 “thank→thankful”“recent→recently”);
4. 重点聚焦不变:高频考查易混淆词辨析、不规则变化、短语固定搭配,新增题型更侧重 “语法规则+语用场景” 的结合;
5. 全国趋势渗透:补充全国常考的 “形容词变名词”(河北近年有渗透,如 kind→kindness、happy→happiness),避免考点遗漏。
专题一 知识必备
(一)形容词与副词的句法功能
词性
成分
功能
位置特征
例句
形容词
作定语
修饰名词 / 代词,表性质、特征
名词前(单个形容词);复合形容词需前置
It's a good time to fly kites.
He is a hard-working student.
作表语
跟在系动词后,说明主语状态
系动词(be/feel/get 等)后
We should do exercise to keep healthy.
She feels nervous before exams.
作补足语
补充说明宾语的状态
代词 / 名词后
I find it difficult to learn English well.
We keep the room clean.
作状语
多表伴随、原因、状态,独立存在
句首、句末或句中独立成分
She rushed out of the room, nervous and pale.(伴随)
Cold and hungry, he walked on.(原因)
副词
作状语
①修饰动词(表动作方式 / 频率);
②修饰形容词 / 副词(表程度);
③修饰句子(表逻辑 / 语气)
句首、句中、句末
①He runs quickly.(修饰动词);②It's really useful.(修饰形容词);③Luckily, he passed.(修饰句子)
作定语
修饰名词 / 名词短语,表位置 / 时间
名词(短语)后
The room upstairs is yours.
The books here are mine.
作补足语
补充说明宾语的动作 / 状态
名词 / 代词后
An apple a day keeps the doctor away. / I asked him to speak slowly.
2. 中考高频形容词/副词分类
(1)形容词分类
①普通形容词:good, bad, happy, difficult, beautiful;
②-ing/-ed 形容词:exciting(令人兴奋的,修饰事物)/excited(感到兴奋的,修饰人)、interesting/interested、surprising/surprised;
③相同词形形容词 / 副词:fast(快的 / 快地)、late(晚的 / 晚地)、hard(努力的 / 努力地);
④复合形容词:well-known(著名的)、hard-working(勤奋的)、state-of-the-art(最先进的);
⑤交际场景形容词:nervous(紧张的)、glad(高兴的)、thankful(感激的)、sorry(抱歉的)。
(2)副词
副词类型
核心功能
高频词汇
新题型考查频次
时间副词
表时间 / 动作频率,修饰动词
ago, once, early, late, now, then, soon, just, recently, already, yet
中(完形填空)
地点副词
表位置 / 方向,修饰动词
here, there, left, right, upstairs, downstairs, above, behind, abroad
低
频度副词
表动作发生频率,修饰动词
always(100%)>usually>often>sometimes>ever>hardly ever(seldom)>never(0%)
中(完形填空语境选择)
程度副词
修饰形容词 / 副词 / 动词,表程度
almost, enough, pretty, quite, rather, much, even, hardly, nearly, completely
高(短文填空修饰比较级 / 原级)
方式副词
表动作方式,修饰动词
carefully, clearly, nervously, proudly, luckily, suddenly, quickly, politely
最高(短文填空词形转换6年4考)
连接副词
表句子间逻辑关系,修饰句子
moreover, instead, anyhow, otherwise, however, therefore, besides, also
低(补全对话逻辑衔接)
专题二 核心考点精讲
考点 1:原级的用法
核心结构(整合传统结构+补充修饰细节)
结构
含义
补充
例句
A +动词+as +原级+as+B
A和B 在某方面程度相同
否定式为 “A+not+as/so +原级+ as+B”,表“A不如B”
Tom runs as fast as Jack.
It’s not so warm as yesterday.
A +动词+倍数+as+原级+as+B
A 是 B 的…… 倍(数量比较)
倍数需前置(twice/three times+as+原级+as)
My room is twice as big as his.
so+原级+that 从句
如此…… 以至于……
that 从句表结果,so 修饰原级
It’s so cold that we need to wear coats.
adj./adv.+enough
足够……
enough 修饰形容词 / 副词时后置,修饰名词时前置
He is tall enough to reach the book.
We have enough time.
very/too/quite+原级
非常 / 太 / 相当……
修饰原级,无比较含义,表客观程度
The boy is too young to go to school.
It’s quite a good idea.
易错点:
1. 修饰词:very/so/too/quite 可修饰原级,much/even 不可修饰原级;
2. enough 的位置:修饰形容词/副词后置(tall enough),修饰名词前置(enough money);
3. 比较对象一致性:前后比较需为同类事物(如 “The weather in Hebei is cooler than that in Guangdong”,that 指代 weather,避免误选 it);
4. 否定式结构:“not as/so+原级+as” 本身表否定,无需再加 not(避免 “not so not easy” 的错误)。
考点 2:比较级的用法
核心结构
结构
含义
补充
例句
A+动词+比较级+than+B
A 比 B……(两者比较)
than 前后比较对象需一致,动词可省略(如 than I (do))
He works much harder than me. /
My bike is more beautiful than hers.
Which/Who+动词+比较级,A or B?
A、B 两者中哪个更……?
用于选择场景,比较级前不加 the
Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the Earth?
the+比较级+of the two……
两者中较…… 的一个
特指两者,比较级前必须加 the
He is the thinner of the two brothers.
比较级+and+比较级
越来越……(程度递增)
多音节词用 “more and more+原级”
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. /
It’s getting colder and colder.
the+比较级……, the+比较级……
越……,就越……(条件关系)
前半句表条件,后半句表结果
The more fruit you eat, the healthier you will be.
A+动词+倍数+比较级+than+B
A 比 B 多…… 倍
倍数前置(three times+比较级+than)
My house is three times bigger than yours.
比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数
比较级表最高级含义
等同于 “the+最高级+in+范围”,用于同一范围比较
He is taller than any other boy in his class. = He is the tallest in his class.
易错点:
1. 比较级修饰词:much/even/still/far/a little/a bit 可修饰比较级(如 much better),very 不可修饰(避免 “very taller”)
2. 不规则变化(必须熟记):good/well→better→best;bad/badly/ill→worse→worstmany/much→more→most;little→less→least;far→farther(距离)/further(程度)→farthest/furthest多音节词变化:部分双音节词(如 beautiful、carefully)需加 more 构成比较级(more beautiful),避免误填 “beautier”;
3. 比较对象一致:避免 “人比物” 或 “物比人”(如 “His English is better than mine” 而非 “than me”);
4. 省略规则:than 后动词与前文一致时可省略,避免重复(如 “You know more than I (do)”)。
考点 3:最高级的用法
核心结构
结构
含义
补充
例句
主语+动词 +(the) 最高级+of/in+范围
三者及以上中最……
形容词最高级前必须加 the,副词最高级前可省略;of 后接同类人 / 物,in 后接地点 / 范围
This picture is the best of all. /
He runs (the) fastest in our class.
A+动词+the (+ 序数词)+ 最高级+名词+范围
A 是范围内第…… 最……
序数词(first/second)+ 最高级,表排序
She is the second tallest girl in our class.
one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+in+范围
某范围内最…… 之一
名词需用复数,表群体中的一员
He is one of the best players in China.
Which/Who+动词+the+最高级,A,B or C?
三者及以上中哪个最……?
用于三者及以上选择,最高级前必须加 the
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill?
易错点:
1. 定冠词 the 的用法:形容词最高级前必须加 the;副词最高级前可省略 the;最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格时,不加 the(如 my best friend,Tom’s most important gift);
2. 范围限定词:of 后接复数名词 / 代词(表同类,如 of the three students),in 后接地点 / 时间范围(如 in the school);
3. 避免重复比较:最高级本身表 “三者及以上最……”,无需再加 more(避免 “most more beautiful”)。
考点 4:词形转换
核心转换规则
1. 形容词变副词(6年4考,2025 年考 recent→recently):
一般情况:adj.+ly(careful→carefully, quick→quickly,2025 短文填空考 cut quickly);
辅音 + y 结尾:变 y 为 i+ly(happy→happily, easy→easily);
以 “le” 结尾:去 e+y(simple→simply, gentle→gently);
以 “ic” 结尾:+ally(basic→basically, historic→historically);
特殊变化:true→truly, possible→possibly, terrible→terribly, good→well, hard→hard(不变);
2. 动词 / 名词变形容词(2025 年考 thank→thankful):
动词 + ful:help→helpful、thank→thankful、care→careful;
名词 + ful:beauty→beautiful、fame→famous、success→successful;
名词 + ous:danger→dangerous、courage→courageous;
动词 + ed/-ing:excited/exciting、interested/interesting;
3. 形容词变名词:
kind→kindness(善良)、happy→happiness(幸福)、different→difference(差异)、important→importance(重要性)、healthy→health(健康);
4. 形容词/副词变比较级/最高级。
新题型解题技巧:
词性判断三步法:
①看空格后成分(接动词→填副词;接名词→填形容词);
②看空格前成分(系动词后→填形容词;much/even 后→填比较级);
③看固定搭配(be+adj.+prep.→填形容词);
标志词识别:空前有 much/even→填比较级;空前有 the + 范围→填最高级;空前有系动词→填形容词;
语境验证:转换后需符合上下文逻辑(如 2025 年考 interest→interesting,因描述事物性质;若描述人则填 interested)。
考点 5:高频易混淆形容词/副词辨析
易混淆组
含义与用法区别
典型例句
good/well
good(形容词,修饰名词);
well(副词,修饰动词;形容词,表 “身体好”)
He is a good student. / He studies well. / How are you? Very well.
hard/hardly
hard(副词 / 形容词,修饰动词 / 名词,表 “努力地 / 硬的”);
hardly(副词,修饰动词,表 “几乎不”,否定含义)
She works hard. / The bed is hard. / He hardly goes out.
late/lately
late(副词 / 形容词,修饰动词 / 名词,表 “晚的 / 晚地”);
lately(副词,修饰动词,表 “最近”=recently)
He got up late. / Have you seen him lately?
fast/quick/quickly
fast(形容词 / 副词,修饰名词 / 动词,表 “速度快”);
quick(形容词,修饰名词,表 “动作快”);
quickly(副词,修饰动词,表 “动作快”)
He runs fast. / It’s a quick meal. / She answered quickly.
interesting/interested
interesting(形容词,修饰事物,表 “令人感兴趣的”);
interested(形容词,修饰人,表 “感兴趣的”)
The book is interesting. / I am interested in it.
too/very/so
too(修饰原级,表 “太”,含否定倾向);
very(修饰原级,表 “非常”,客观程度);
so(修饰原级,表 “如此”,常接 that 从句)
The box is too heavy to carry. / It’s very cold. / She is so young that she can’t go to school.
true/truly
true(形容词,修饰名词,表 “真实的”);
truly(副词,修饰动词 / 形容词,表 “真正地”)
It’s a true story. / He is truly sorry.
考点 6:新题型解题点拨
(1)补全对话中的形容词/副词运用
高频场景:问候(How are you?→Very well.)、感谢(I’m thankful for your help.)、道歉(I’m sorry for being late.)、建议(Please speak slowly.)、情绪表达(I’m nervous about the exam.);
必备短语:be glad to do(很高兴做某事)、be sorry for sth.(为某事道歉)、be nervous about(因…… 紧张)、speak clearly/quickly(说清楚 / 快点说);
解题技巧:①根据答语情绪选形容词(如对方说 “Got it, thanks!”→前文用 “glad to help”);②根据动作需求选副词(如对方没听清→请求 “Could you speak more clearly?”)。
(2)短文填空15空解题步骤(针对形容词/副词,补充验证细节)
通读全文:判断文章时态(记叙文用过去时,说明文用现在时)和核心语境(情感 / 说明 / 叙事);
识别信号词:找到 than、much、even、in/of、so、too 等标志词,锁定原级 / 比较级 / 最高级;
确定词性:根据空格前后成分判断(修饰动词→副词;系动词后→形容词;名词前→形容词);
验证搭配:检查是否符合固定短语(如 be interested in、be full of),避免搭配错误;
复查形式:确保词形转换正确(如形容词变副词加 ly、比较级不规则变化正确),无语法错误。
专题三 形容词和副词短语梳理
1. 形容词短语
短语
中文释义
短语
中文释义
对(某事)感到生气
对…… 小心
热衷于……
对…… 好奇
对…… 感到兴奋
对…… 高兴
因…… 而紧张
对…… 感到放松
对…… 是认真的
对某事要求严格
确信;对…… 有把握
对…… 担忧
对…… 感到惊讶
擅长……
生某人的气
对…… 感到惊奇
对…… 有害
因…… 而著名
对…… 有好处
迟到
对…… 负责
为…… 感到抱歉
渴望……
为…… 做好准备
缺席……
与…… 不同
离…… 远
与…… 分开
对…… 感兴趣
富含……;盛产……
对(做)某事严格
在…… 成功
在…… 方面有天赋
在…… 方面薄弱 / 差
害怕……
充满……
对…… 感到自豪
对…… 有把握
缺乏……
对…… 感到厌倦
对某人苛刻
能够……
靠近……
为…… 所熟知
对…… 友好
对…… 友好
对…… 有害
对…… 和蔼 / 友好
对…… 友好
对…… 有礼貌
对…… 粗鲁
与…… 相似
对…… 心存感激
由…… 决定
天生具有
忙于……
和…… 相处愉快
对…… 有耐心
受…… 的欢迎
对…… 满意
对某人要求严格
——
——
2. 副词短语
短语
中文释义
短语
中文释义
刚才
马上
立刻
几乎从不
到目前为止;迄今为止
不时,有时
偶尔;有时
偶尔;一两次
迟早
日日夜夜
前几日
后天
前天
从前
毕竟
在那里
也;此外
太
再次;再度
不再
等等
反复地
到处
一点儿也不
上上下下
多次;反复地
单项选择专练
1.For some people, Choudoufu smells ________ but tastes good.
A.sweetly B.sweet C.badly D.bad
2.Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class.
A.wake B.awake C.sleep D.asleep
3.With my coach’s professional suggestions, I feel much ________ to enter the competition now.
A.confident B.more confident C.confidently D.more confidently
4.Protecting the earth is as ________ as protecting ourselves.
A.important B.less important C.the most important D.more important
5.—Is our school relay race as________as the basketball game?
—Yes! Both dare run to watch.
A.exciting B.the most exciting C.more exciting D.most exciting
6.—In my opinion, reading is more important than speaking in English learning.
—I can’t agree with you. I think speaking is ________ reading.
A.more important B.the most important
C.as important as D.so important as
7.Gina is not as ______ as David, but she works ______ than him.
A.smart; hard B.smart; harder C.smarter; hard D.smarter; harder
8.According to the survey, going to bed early is as ________ as eating vegetables every day. We’d better go to bed before 10:30 p.m.
A.more important B.important
C.less important D.the most important
9.Maths is as ________ as physics.
A.the important B.important C.the most important D.more important
10.If you want to avoid making mistakes in exams, you need to be ________ and more serious with every question.
A.more careless B.more careful C.more important D.more successful
11.—What do you think of the new movie?
—It’s ______ interesting than the one we watched last month.
A.more B.most C.much D.very
12.—How are the new textbooks compared to the old ones?
—The new ones are ________. They are much easier to carry in your schoolbag.
A.thin B.thinner C.thick D.thicker
13.—Everything was expensive in that shop. I bought this toy car. It was 350 yuan.
—You are lucky. I saw the same one in a shop window. And the price was ________.
A.more expensive B.lower C.cheaper D.higher
14.One of ________ challenges for the astronauts in space is writing. They use special pens to write down things.
A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest
15.This is ________ book I have ever read.
A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting
16.— Could you please introduce something about Sally?
— Sure, Sally has a very beautiful voice, and she sings the English song ________ among all the competitors.
A.better B.best C.worse D.well
17.—Did you see the volleyball match yesterday?
—Yes! It’s fantastic! I think it is ________ game that I have seen.
A.more boring B.the most boring C.more exciting D.the most exciting
18.I believe that April is ________ month of the year in Chiang Mai.
A.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest
19.—My grandma ________ forgets to call me on my birthday. She’s the sweetest!
—That’s so sweet of her! She must really care about you.
A.always B.usually C.often D.never
20.—I ________ eat vegetables.
—But they are good for your healthy! We should eat them every day.
A.often B.hardly C.usually D.always
21.The gate of our school should be wider. It is________ for two cars to go through.
A.too wide B.enough wide C.not too wide D.not wide enough
22.He has a strange way to make his class _________, and all the other teachers think _________ of him.
A.live; high B.lively; high C.live; highly D.lively; highly
23.The documentary, Under the Dome (《穹顶之下》), shows how ________ the air is polluted.
A.seriously B.serious C.more seriously D.more serious
24.Many viewers highly praise the film Ne Zha 2 because of the amazing scenes ______ the valuable spirit of the character Nezha.
A.as well as B.as good as C.as long as D.as soon as
25.The new electric car runs as ________ as the traditional gasoline-powered car (燃油车), but it is much greener.
A.fast B.faster C.the fastest D.fastest
26.—Which season do you like ______ in Xiangyang, spring or autumn?
—Autumn. The weather is cool and comfortable.
A.well B.better C.best D.good
27.Studying English is a long journey. Just learn a little ________ than you did the day before.
A.more B.less C.most D.least
28.________ the old woman watched the picture of her dead uncle, ________ she felt.
A.The more; sadder B.More; sadder C.The more; the sadder D.More; sadder
29.Chinese high-speed trains travel ________ of all the trains in the world so far.
A.fast B.faster C.much faster D.the fastest
30.This is ________ book I’ve ever read. It’s so interesting.
A.the most exciting B.more exciting C.the more exciting D.most exciting
形容词/副词变形专练
1.He stayed up late to finish his homework, so he felt very (sleep) in class this morning.
2.All the people in the hall kept (silence) when the headmaster was speaking.
3.It’s (harm) for teenagers to spend too much time playing computer games every day.
4.It is really (polite) and even rude to take photos of others without their permission.
5.After communicating with his parents, Tom felt as (happy) as before.
6.After a period of physical training, he becomes (strong) than ever.
7.This building is much (tall) than the one next to it.
8.This must be the (mad) idea that I have ever heard of.
9.Never give up is the (value) thing if you want to make your dream come true.
10.English is the (popular) subject in the class. We all love it.
11.Professor Wang thanked everyone who helped with the project. (personal)
12.It rained so that we could hardly see the road in front of us. (heavy)
13.Would you please explain the word as (clear) as you can? We still can’t understand it.
14.This morning, Frank got up (early) than usual.
15.Boys and girls, we all know that the (hard) you work, the better results you will get.
16.Who jumped (high) in the sports meeting, Linda, Sandy or Alice?
17.—Which sport do you like (well), skating, swimming or surfing?
—Skating.
18.To live a healthier life, Jenny now puts (little) salt than before when cooking.
19.Students in the math club meet a month to discuss their problems on math. (two)
20.The students were (complete) out of control after their teacher left the classroom.
语篇专练
Passage 01
I was raised by my grandma in Arkansas, and she influenced me a lot. Grandma often spoke softly and walked slowly 1._____________ her hands behind her back. I copied her every move, and our neighbors called 2._____________ (I) her shadow (影子). When I was in my 3._____________ (five) grade, I moved to California to live with my mother. My new house was in 4._____________ place far away from Grandma’s little home. In my new house, my life was 5._____________ (good) but noisier than before.
My mother 6._____________ (wear) lipstick (口红) and rouge (胭脂). The house 7._____________ (fill) with the laughter and loud talking of her guests most of the time. I 8._____________ (clear) didn’t belong.
My mother watched me for two 9._____________ (week) . Then, one night, she sat me down. “Maya,” she said. “I know you don’t like me. Why? Is it 10._____________ I am not like your grandma? But I am your mother and I am working hard 11._____________ (support) the family and take care of you. When you go to school, the teacher and students will smile at you and you’ll smile back. If you can force a smile for me, I 12._____________ (enjoy) it very much, too.”
Looking at her face, I was moved by my mother and smiled. She kissed me and couldn’t stop 13._____________ (cry) .
“That’s the first time I 14._____________ (see) you smile since you moved here! I love you, my beautiful daughter!”
That day, I learned just how 15._____________ (power) a smile can be.
Passage 02
Dear Mom and Dad,
I love you and want to say thank you.
First, thank you for bringing me to this 1._____________(wonder) world. In the past 20 years, you 2._____________ (do) a lot for me. But I didn’t realize it 3._____________ I left home. I understand how hard it was for you to raise me 4._____________ (healthy). Now I have grown up. It’s my turn to take good care 5._____________ you.
6._____________ (two), thank you for giving me a good environment to grow up. As the saying goes, “Parents are the first teachers to their 7._____________ (child).” Because of 8._____________ (you) help, I have many good habits. You also taught me how I could become 9._____________ useful person.
Last but not least, thank you for your respect and support. I 10._____________ (not force) to do anything that I was not interested in. You always said, “Nothing is 11._____________ (possible) if you set your mind to it.” Your words were really helpful to me. Now I am 12._____________ (active) one in our class. I’m a 13._____________ (confidence) girl and I feel happy every day. I know you 14._____________ (be) there with me forever.
I really miss you while I 15._____________ (write) this letter. I can’t wait to go home now.
Love you!
Helen
1 / 18
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
专题02 形容词和副词
目 录
1·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
2·时空导航·网络构建 3
3·题型通关·靶向突破 3
专题一 知识必备 3
(一)形容词与副词的句法功能 3
2. 中考高频形容词/副词分类 4
专题二 核心考点精讲 5
考点 1:原级的用法 5
考点 2:比较级的用法 5
考点 3:最高级的用法 6
考点 4:词形转换 7
考点 5:高频易混淆形容词/副词辨析 8
考点 6:新题型解题点拨 9
专题三 形容词和副词短语梳理 9
1. 形容词短语 9
2. 副词短语 10
4·优题精选·练能提分 11
考情分析
1. 题型调整核心变化
2025 年河北中考英语删除单项选择和连词成句题型,形容词和副词的考查重心全面转移,核心集中在三大题型:
完形填空:每年 2~3 道题,仍以词义辨析为核心,侧重语境中形容词 / 副词的适配选择;
短文填空(原词语运用升级):新增为 15 空(11 个适当形式填空+4 个盲填),形容词/副词考查占比 3~4 空,重点覆盖词形转换、比较等级、固定搭配,成为该考点第一大题型;
补全对话(新增题型):偶尔考查情绪类、描述类形容词 / 副词(如 nervous、glad、quickly),侧重交际场景中的灵活运用。
2. 分值与命题特征
分值占比:保持 5~7 分,短文填空贡献 2~3 分,完形填空贡献 2~3 分,补全对话 / 阅读表达偶有涉及 1 分。
命题预测
1. 语境化贯穿:所有考点均嵌入语篇,无孤立语法考查,传统的比较等级、词形转换需结合2. 上下文判断(如短文填空中根据 than、in 等信号词确定比较级 / 最高级);
3. 综合性增强:短文填空中常出现 “词形转换+比较等级”“形容词变副词+固定搭配” 的综合考查(如 2025 年真题考 “thank→thankful”“recent→recently”);
4. 重点聚焦不变:高频考查易混淆词辨析、不规则变化、短语固定搭配,新增题型更侧重 “语法规则+语用场景” 的结合;
5. 全国趋势渗透:补充全国常考的 “形容词变名词”(河北近年有渗透,如 kind→kindness、happy→happiness),避免考点遗漏。
专题一 知识必备
(一)形容词与副词的句法功能
词性
成分
功能
位置特征
例句
形容词
作定语
修饰名词 / 代词,表性质、特征
名词前(单个形容词);复合形容词需前置
It's a good time to fly kites.
He is a hard-working student.
作表语
跟在系动词后,说明主语状态
系动词(be/feel/get 等)后
We should do exercise to keep healthy.
She feels nervous before exams.
作补足语
补充说明宾语的状态
代词 / 名词后
I find it difficult to learn English well.
We keep the room clean.
作状语
多表伴随、原因、状态,独立存在
句首、句末或句中独立成分
She rushed out of the room, nervous and pale.(伴随)
Cold and hungry, he walked on.(原因)
副词
作状语
①修饰动词(表动作方式 / 频率);
②修饰形容词 / 副词(表程度);
③修饰句子(表逻辑 / 语气)
句首、句中、句末
①He runs quickly.(修饰动词);②It's really useful.(修饰形容词);③Luckily, he passed.(修饰句子)
作定语
修饰名词 / 名词短语,表位置 / 时间
名词(短语)后
The room upstairs is yours.
The books here are mine.
作补足语
补充说明宾语的动作 / 状态
名词 / 代词后
An apple a day keeps the doctor away. / I asked him to speak slowly.
2. 中考高频形容词/副词分类
(1)形容词分类
①普通形容词:good, bad, happy, difficult, beautiful;
②-ing/-ed 形容词:exciting(令人兴奋的,修饰事物)/excited(感到兴奋的,修饰人)、interesting/interested、surprising/surprised;
③相同词形形容词 / 副词:fast(快的 / 快地)、late(晚的 / 晚地)、hard(努力的 / 努力地);
④复合形容词:well-known(著名的)、hard-working(勤奋的)、state-of-the-art(最先进的);
⑤交际场景形容词:nervous(紧张的)、glad(高兴的)、thankful(感激的)、sorry(抱歉的)。
(2)副词
副词类型
核心功能
高频词汇
新题型考查频次
时间副词
表时间 / 动作频率,修饰动词
ago, once, early, late, now, then, soon, just, recently, already, yet
中(完形填空)
地点副词
表位置 / 方向,修饰动词
here, there, left, right, upstairs, downstairs, above, behind, abroad
低
频度副词
表动作发生频率,修饰动词
always(100%)>usually>often>sometimes>ever>hardly ever(seldom)>never(0%)
中(完形填空语境选择)
程度副词
修饰形容词 / 副词 / 动词,表程度
almost, enough, pretty, quite, rather, much, even, hardly, nearly, completely
高(短文填空修饰比较级 / 原级)
方式副词
表动作方式,修饰动词
carefully, clearly, nervously, proudly, luckily, suddenly, quickly, politely
最高(短文填空词形转换6年4考)
连接副词
表句子间逻辑关系,修饰句子
moreover, instead, anyhow, otherwise, however, therefore, besides, also
低(补全对话逻辑衔接)
专题二 核心考点精讲
考点 1:原级的用法
核心结构(整合传统结构+补充修饰细节)
结构
含义
补充
例句
A +动词+as +原级+as+B
A和B 在某方面程度相同
否定式为 “A+not+as/so +原级+ as+B”,表“A不如B”
Tom runs as fast as Jack.
It’s not so warm as yesterday.
A +动词+倍数+as+原级+as+B
A 是 B 的…… 倍(数量比较)
倍数需前置(twice/three times+as+原级+as)
My room is twice as big as his.
so+原级+that 从句
如此…… 以至于……
that 从句表结果,so 修饰原级
It’s so cold that we need to wear coats.
adj./adv.+enough
足够……
enough 修饰形容词 / 副词时后置,修饰名词时前置
He is tall enough to reach the book.
We have enough time.
very/too/quite+原级
非常 / 太 / 相当……
修饰原级,无比较含义,表客观程度
The boy is too young to go to school.
It’s quite a good idea.
易错点:
1. 修饰词:very/so/too/quite 可修饰原级,much/even 不可修饰原级;
2. enough 的位置:修饰形容词/副词后置(tall enough),修饰名词前置(enough money);
3. 比较对象一致性:前后比较需为同类事物(如 “The weather in Hebei is cooler than that in Guangdong”,that 指代 weather,避免误选 it);
4. 否定式结构:“not as/so+原级+as” 本身表否定,无需再加 not(避免 “not so not easy” 的错误)。
考点 2:比较级的用法
核心结构
结构
含义
补充
例句
A+动词+比较级+than+B
A 比 B……(两者比较)
than 前后比较对象需一致,动词可省略(如 than I (do))
He works much harder than me. /
My bike is more beautiful than hers.
Which/Who+动词+比较级,A or B?
A、B 两者中哪个更……?
用于选择场景,比较级前不加 the
Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the Earth?
the+比较级+of the two……
两者中较…… 的一个
特指两者,比较级前必须加 the
He is the thinner of the two brothers.
比较级+and+比较级
越来越……(程度递增)
多音节词用 “more and more+原级”
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. /
It’s getting colder and colder.
the+比较级……, the+比较级……
越……,就越……(条件关系)
前半句表条件,后半句表结果
The more fruit you eat, the healthier you will be.
A+动词+倍数+比较级+than+B
A 比 B 多…… 倍
倍数前置(three times+比较级+than)
My house is three times bigger than yours.
比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数
比较级表最高级含义
等同于 “the+最高级+in+范围”,用于同一范围比较
He is taller than any other boy in his class. = He is the tallest in his class.
易错点:
1. 比较级修饰词:much/even/still/far/a little/a bit 可修饰比较级(如 much better),very 不可修饰(避免 “very taller”)
2. 不规则变化(必须熟记):good/well→better→best;bad/badly/ill→worse→worstmany/much→more→most;little→less→least;far→farther(距离)/further(程度)→farthest/furthest多音节词变化:部分双音节词(如 beautiful、carefully)需加 more 构成比较级(more beautiful),避免误填 “beautier”;
3. 比较对象一致:避免 “人比物” 或 “物比人”(如 “His English is better than mine” 而非 “than me”);
4. 省略规则:than 后动词与前文一致时可省略,避免重复(如 “You know more than I (do)”)。
考点 3:最高级的用法
核心结构
结构
含义
补充
例句
主语+动词 +(the) 最高级+of/in+范围
三者及以上中最……
形容词最高级前必须加 the,副词最高级前可省略;of 后接同类人 / 物,in 后接地点 / 范围
This picture is the best of all. /
He runs (the) fastest in our class.
A+动词+the (+ 序数词)+ 最高级+名词+范围
A 是范围内第…… 最……
序数词(first/second)+ 最高级,表排序
She is the second tallest girl in our class.
one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+in+范围
某范围内最…… 之一
名词需用复数,表群体中的一员
He is one of the best players in China.
Which/Who+动词+the+最高级,A,B or C?
三者及以上中哪个最……?
用于三者及以上选择,最高级前必须加 the
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill?
易错点:
1. 定冠词 the 的用法:形容词最高级前必须加 the;副词最高级前可省略 the;最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格时,不加 the(如 my best friend,Tom’s most important gift);
2. 范围限定词:of 后接复数名词 / 代词(表同类,如 of the three students),in 后接地点 / 时间范围(如 in the school);
3. 避免重复比较:最高级本身表 “三者及以上最……”,无需再加 more(避免 “most more beautiful”)。
考点 4:词形转换
核心转换规则
1. 形容词变副词(6年4考,2025 年考 recent→recently):
一般情况:adj.+ly(careful→carefully, quick→quickly,2025 短文填空考 cut quickly);
辅音 + y 结尾:变 y 为 i+ly(happy→happily, easy→easily);
以 “le” 结尾:去 e+y(simple→simply, gentle→gently);
以 “ic” 结尾:+ally(basic→basically, historic→historically);
特殊变化:true→truly, possible→possibly, terrible→terribly, good→well, hard→hard(不变);
2. 动词 / 名词变形容词(2025 年考 thank→thankful):
动词 + ful:help→helpful、thank→thankful、care→careful;
名词 + ful:beauty→beautiful、fame→famous、success→successful;
名词 + ous:danger→dangerous、courage→courageous;
动词 + ed/-ing:excited/exciting、interested/interesting;
3. 形容词变名词:
kind→kindness(善良)、happy→happiness(幸福)、different→difference(差异)、important→importance(重要性)、healthy→health(健康);
4. 形容词/副词变比较级/最高级。
新题型解题技巧:
词性判断三步法:
①看空格后成分(接动词→填副词;接名词→填形容词);
②看空格前成分(系动词后→填形容词;much/even 后→填比较级);
③看固定搭配(be+adj.+prep.→填形容词);
标志词识别:空前有 much/even→填比较级;空前有 the + 范围→填最高级;空前有系动词→填形容词;
语境验证:转换后需符合上下文逻辑(如 2025 年考 interest→interesting,因描述事物性质;若描述人则填 interested)。
考点 5:高频易混淆形容词/副词辨析
易混淆组
含义与用法区别
典型例句
good/well
good(形容词,修饰名词);
well(副词,修饰动词;形容词,表 “身体好”)
He is a good student. / He studies well. / How are you? Very well.
hard/hardly
hard(副词 / 形容词,修饰动词 / 名词,表 “努力地 / 硬的”);
hardly(副词,修饰动词,表 “几乎不”,否定含义)
She works hard. / The bed is hard. / He hardly goes out.
late/lately
late(副词 / 形容词,修饰动词 / 名词,表 “晚的 / 晚地”);
lately(副词,修饰动词,表 “最近”=recently)
He got up late. / Have you seen him lately?
fast/quick/quickly
fast(形容词 / 副词,修饰名词 / 动词,表 “速度快”);
quick(形容词,修饰名词,表 “动作快”);
quickly(副词,修饰动词,表 “动作快”)
He runs fast. / It’s a quick meal. / She answered quickly.
interesting/interested
interesting(形容词,修饰事物,表 “令人感兴趣的”);
interested(形容词,修饰人,表 “感兴趣的”)
The book is interesting. / I am interested in it.
too/very/so
too(修饰原级,表 “太”,含否定倾向);
very(修饰原级,表 “非常”,客观程度);
so(修饰原级,表 “如此”,常接 that 从句)
The box is too heavy to carry. / It’s very cold. / She is so young that she can’t go to school.
true/truly
true(形容词,修饰名词,表 “真实的”);
truly(副词,修饰动词 / 形容词,表 “真正地”)
It’s a true story. / He is truly sorry.
考点 6:新题型解题点拨
(1)补全对话中的形容词/副词运用
高频场景:问候(How are you?→Very well.)、感谢(I’m thankful for your help.)、道歉(I’m sorry for being late.)、建议(Please speak slowly.)、情绪表达(I’m nervous about the exam.);
必备短语:be glad to do(很高兴做某事)、be sorry for sth.(为某事道歉)、be nervous about(因…… 紧张)、speak clearly/quickly(说清楚 / 快点说);
解题技巧:①根据答语情绪选形容词(如对方说 “Got it, thanks!”→前文用 “glad to help”);②根据动作需求选副词(如对方没听清→请求 “Could you speak more clearly?”)。
(2)短文填空15空解题步骤(针对形容词/副词,补充验证细节)
通读全文:判断文章时态(记叙文用过去时,说明文用现在时)和核心语境(情感 / 说明 / 叙事);
识别信号词:找到 than、much、even、in/of、so、too 等标志词,锁定原级 / 比较级 / 最高级;
确定词性:根据空格前后成分判断(修饰动词→副词;系动词后→形容词;名词前→形容词);
验证搭配:检查是否符合固定短语(如 be interested in、be full of),避免搭配错误;
复查形式:确保词形转换正确(如形容词变副词加 ly、比较级不规则变化正确),无语法错误。
专题三 形容词和副词短语梳理
1. 形容词短语
短语
中文释义
短语
中文释义
be angry about (sth.)
对(某事)感到生气
be careful about/with
对…… 小心
be crazy about
热衷于……
be curious about
对…… 好奇
be excited about
对…… 感到兴奋
be glad about
对…… 高兴
be nervous about
因…… 而紧张
be relaxed about
对…… 感到放松
be serious about
对…… 是认真的
be strict about/in sth.
对某事要求严格
be sure/certain about
确信;对…… 有把握
be worried about
对…… 担忧
be amazed at
对…… 感到惊讶
be good at
擅长……
be mad at/with sb.
生某人的气
be surprised at
对…… 感到惊奇
be bad for
对…… 有害
be famous/known/well-known for
因…… 而著名
be good for
对…… 有好处
be late for
迟到
be responsible for
对…… 负责
be sorry for
为…… 感到抱歉
be thirsty for
渴望……
be/get ready for
为…… 做好准备
be absent from
缺席……
be different from
与…… 不同
be far from
离…… 远
be separated from
与…… 分开
be interested in
对…… 感兴趣
be rich in
富含……;盛产……
be strict in (doing) sth.
对(做)某事严格
be successful in
在…… 成功
be talented in
在…… 方面有天赋
be weak in
在…… 方面薄弱 / 差
be afraid of
害怕……
be full of
充满……
be proud of
对…… 感到自豪
be sure/certain of
对…… 有把握
be short of
缺乏……
be tired of
对…… 感到厌倦
be hard on sb.
对某人苛刻
be able to
能够……
be close to
靠近……
be famous/known to
为…… 所熟知
be friendly to
对…… 友好
be good to
对…… 友好
be harmful to
对…… 有害
be kind to
对…… 和蔼 / 友好
be nice to
对…… 友好
be polite to
对…… 有礼貌
be rude to
对…… 粗鲁
be similar to
与…… 相似
be thankful to
对…… 心存感激
be up to
由…… 决定
be born with
天生具有
be busy with
忙于……
be good with
和…… 相处愉快
be patient with
对…… 有耐心
be popular with
受…… 的欢迎
be satisfied/pleased with
对…… 满意
be strict with sb.
对某人要求严格
——
——
2. 副词短语
短语
中文释义
短语
中文释义
just now
刚才
right now
马上
right away
立刻
hardly ever
几乎从不
so far
到目前为止;迄今为止
now and then
不时,有时
once in a while
偶尔;有时
once or twice
偶尔;一两次
sooner or later
迟早
day and night
日日夜夜
the other day
前几日
the day after tomorrow
后天
the day before yesterday
前天
once upon a time
从前
after all
毕竟
over there
在那里
as well
也;此外
much too
太
once again
再次;再度
no longer/not... any longer
不再
and so on
等等
again and again
反复地
here and there
到处
not... at all
一点儿也不
up and down
上上下下
over and over again
多次;反复地
单项选择专练
1.For some people, Choudoufu smells ________ but tastes good.
A.sweetly B.sweet C.badly D.bad
【答案】D
【解析】句意:对一些人来说,臭豆腐闻起来很难闻,但吃起来很好吃。
考查形容词的用法。sweetly甜美地,副词;sweet甜的,形容词;badly差,副词;bad令人不快的,形容词。根据“Choudoufu smells…but tastes good.”可知,此处指臭豆腐闻起来不好闻,但是味道很好吃,smells接形容词作表语,bad符合语境。故选D。
2.Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class.
A.wake B.awake C.sleep D.asleep
【答案】B
【解析】句意:有时我在课堂上喝很多咖啡来保持清醒。
考查词汇辨析及形容词作表语。wake唤醒,动词;awake醒着的,形容词;sleep睡觉,动词或名词;asleep睡着的,形容词。根据“Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ... in class.”可知,喝咖啡是为了保持清醒,由“stay”可知,此处应该用形容词awake作表语。故选B。
3.With my coach’s professional suggestions, I feel much ________ to enter the competition now.
A.confident B.more confident C.confidently D.more confidently
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在我的教练的专业建议下,我现在更有信心参加比赛了。
考查形容词比较级用法。confident自信的,形容词;more confident更自信的,形容词比较级;confidently自信地,副词;more confidently更自信地,副词比较级。根据“I feel much..”可知,此处要用形容词作表语,much修饰比较级。故选B。
4.Protecting the earth is as ________ as protecting ourselves.
A.important B.less important C.the most important D.more important
【答案】A
【解析】句意:保护地球和保护我们自己一样重要。
考查形容词比较等级。important重要的;less important没那么重要;the most important最重要的;more important更重要的。“as+形容词原级+as”表示“和……一样……”,此处表示“和……一样重要”,需用形容词原级,故选A。
5.—Is our school relay race as________as the basketball game?
—Yes! Both dare run to watch.
A.exciting B.the most exciting C.more exciting D.most exciting
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——我们学校的接力赛和篮球赛一样激动人心吗?——是的!两者都敢跑去看。
考查形容词原级。exciting激动人心的,原级;the most exciting最激动人心的,最高级;more exciting更激动人心的,比较级;most exciting最激动人心的。根据“as...as”可知,此处是“as+形容词原级+as”的结构,表示“和……一样……”,所以应该用原级exciting。故选A。
6.—In my opinion, reading is more important than speaking in English learning.
—I can’t agree with you. I think speaking is ________ reading.
A.more important B.the most important
C.as important as D.so important as
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——在我看来,在英语学习中阅读比说更重要。——我不能同意你的看法。我认为说和阅读一样重要。
考查形容词原级比较。more important 更重要,形容词比较级;the most important 最重要,形容词最高级;as important as 和……一样重要,形容词原级比较;so important as 和……一样重要,用于否定句。根据“I can’t agree with you.”可知,此处表示不同意对方的观点,认为说和阅读一样重要,且该句为肯定句,因此应该用“as important as”来表示两者之间的比较。故选C。
7.Gina is not as ______ as David, but she works ______ than him.
A.smart; hard B.smart; harder C.smarter; hard D.smarter; harder
【答案】B
【解析】句意:吉娜不如大卫聪明,但她工作比他努力。
考查形容词的用法和副词比较级。根据“Gina is not as …as David, but she works …than him.”可知,第一空为固定结构as+形容词原级+as,表示“和……一样”,中间必须使用形容词原级,排除选项CD;第二空应用副词比较级。故选B。
8.According to the survey, going to bed early is as ________ as eating vegetables every day. We’d better go to bed before 10:30 p.m.
A.more important B.important
C.less important D.the most important
【答案】B
【解析】句意:根据调查,早睡和每天吃蔬菜一样重要。我们最好在晚上10:30之前睡觉。
考查as...as用法。more important更重要的;important重要的,形容词原级;less important不太重要的;the most important最重要的。“as...as”结构要求中间使用形容词原级,表示“和……一样……”。故选B。
9.Maths is as ________ as physics.
A.the important B.important C.the most important D.more important
【答案】B
【解析】句意:数学和物理一样重要。
考查形容词的原级。as+形容词原级+as“和……一样……”,固定搭配,此处应用important。故选B。
10.If you want to avoid making mistakes in exams, you need to be ________ and more serious with every question.
A.more careless B.more careful C.more important D.more successful
【答案】B
【解析】句意:如果你想避免在考试中犯错,你需要对每一个问题更细心、更认真。
考查形容词辨析及比较级。more careless更粗心的;more careful更细心的;more important更重要的;more successful更成功的。根据“If you want to avoid making mistakes in exams”可知,想要避免犯错,就要更细心,“be careful with”表示“对……细心”,这里用比较级“more careful”符合语境。故选B。
11.—What do you think of the new movie?
—It’s ______ interesting than the one we watched last month.
A.more B.most C.much D.very
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你觉得这部新电影怎么样?——它比我们上个月看的那部更有趣。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知,此处应使用比较级,interesting的比较级是more interesting,所以空处应填more。故选A。
12.—How are the new textbooks compared to the old ones?
—The new ones are ________. They are much easier to carry in your schoolbag.
A.thin B.thinner C.thick D.thicker
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——新教科书与旧的相比怎么样?——新教科书更薄。它们更容易放进书包携带。
考查形容词比较级。thin薄的;thinner更薄的;thick厚的;thicker更厚的。根据“They are much easier to carry in your schoolbag.”可知,新书更容易携带。由此可知,新教科书比旧的更薄,需用比较级形式。thinner符合语境。故选B。
13.—Everything was expensive in that shop. I bought this toy car. It was 350 yuan.
—You are lucky. I saw the same one in a shop window. And the price was ________.
A.more expensive B.lower C.cheaper D.higher
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——那家商店的东西都很贵。我买了这辆玩具车,它是350元。——你很幸运。我在一家商店的橱窗里看到一个同样的。而且价格更高。
考查形容词比较级。more expensive更昂贵的;lower更低的;cheaper更便宜的;higher更高的。根据语境可知,第二个人说“你很幸运”,暗示第一个人买的价格相对较低,因此第二个人看到的价格更高。价格通常用high或low描述,而非expensive或cheap,故选D。
14.One of ________ challenges for the astronauts in space is writing. They use special pens to write down things.
A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest
【答案】D
【解析】句意:太空宇航员面临的最大挑战之一是书写。他们用特殊的笔来记录事情。
考查形容词最高级用法。big 大,原级;bigger更大的,比较级;biggest最大的,最高级;the biggest最大的,最高级。根据“One of...challenges for the astronauts in space is writing. ”可知,此处说的是众多挑战中最大的,“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” ,意为 “……中最…… 之一” 。故选D。
15.This is ________ book I have ever read.
A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这是我读过的最有趣的书。
考查形容词最高级。根据“I have ever read”可知,此处表示对多个事物的比较,需用最高级形式,前加定冠词the。故选D。
16.— Could you please introduce something about Sally?
— Sure, Sally has a very beautiful voice, and she sings the English song ________ among all the competitors.
A.better B.best C.worse D.well
【答案】B
【解析】句意:—— 你能介绍一下萨莉的情况吗?—— 当然。萨莉的嗓音非常美妙,而且在所有参赛者中,她英文歌唱得最出色。
考查形容词最高级。better更好;best最好;worse更差;well很好。根据“among all the competitors”可知,这里是指在所有参赛者中,属于三者及以上的比较,应用最高级,best是well的最高级形式。故选B。
17.—Did you see the volleyball match yesterday?
—Yes! It’s fantastic! I think it is ________ game that I have seen.
A.more boring B.the most boring C.more exciting D.the most exciting
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你看了昨天的排球比赛吗?——看了!太精彩了!我认为这是我看过的最精彩的比赛。
考查形容词最高级用法。more boring更无聊的,比较级;the most boring最无聊的,最高级;more exciting更精彩的,比较级;the most exciting最精彩的,最高级。根据答句中“fantastic”和“game that I have seen”的提示,此处需用最高级形式表达“最精彩的比赛”。故选D。
18.I believe that April is ________ month of the year in Chiang Mai.
A.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我相信四月是清迈一年中最热的月份。
考查形容词最高级。hot热的;hotter更热的;hottest最热的;the hottest最热的。根据“of the year”可知,此处表示“一年中最热的月份”,应用形容词最高级形式,其前需加定冠词the,故选D。
19.—My grandma ________ forgets to call me on my birthday. She’s the sweetest!
—That’s so sweet of her! She must really care about you.
A.always B.usually C.often D.never
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——我的奶奶在我生日时从不忘记给我打电话。她是最贴心的!——她真好!她一定真的很关心你。
考查频度副词辨析。always总是;usually通常;often经常;never从不。根据“She’s the sweetest!”可知,奶奶是最贴心的,所以从不会忘记给我打电话。故选D。
20.—I ________ eat vegetables.
—But they are good for your healthy! We should eat them every day.
A.often B.hardly C.usually D.always
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我几乎不吃蔬菜。——但是它们对你的健康有好处!我们应该每天吃它们。
考查副词辨析。often经常;hardly几乎不;usually通常;always总是。根据“But they are good for your healthy! We should eat them every day.”可知,但是蔬菜对健康有好处,我们应该每天吃它们;据此可以推断,对方应该是不怎么吃蔬菜,才会有后面关于蔬菜对健康有益的提醒,所以这里应该用表示否定频率的词。故选B。
21.The gate of our school should be wider. It is________ for two cars to go through.
A.too wide B.enough wide C.not too wide D.not wide enough
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我们学校的门应该更宽些。它不够宽,无法让两辆车同时通过。
考查enough和too用法。enough修饰形容词,需要后置,排除B;too...to...表示“太……而不能”,AC选项在此处和句意不符合,D选项正确,表示门不够宽,无法让两辆车同时通过。故选D。
22.He has a strange way to make his class _________, and all the other teachers think _________ of him.
A.live; high B.lively; high C.live; highly D.lively; highly
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他有一种奇怪的方式让他的课堂生动,其他所有老师都高度评价他。
考查形容词和副词用法。live活着的,形容词;high高的,形容词;lively生动的,活泼的,形容词;highly高度地,副词。根据“He has a strange way to make his class…”可知,此处指让他的课堂生动,第一空应填入形容词lively,作宾语补足语;根据“all the other teachers think…of him.”可知,此处指其他所有老师都高度评价他,应填入highly,副词,修饰动词短语think of。故选D。
23.The documentary, Under the Dome (《穹顶之下》), shows how ________ the air is polluted.
A.seriously B.serious C.more seriously D.more serious
【答案】A
【解析】句意:《穹顶之下》这部纪录片,展示了空气污染有多么严重。
考查副词的用法。根据“shows how…the air is polluted.”可知,此处指“空气污染有多么严重”,应用副词seriously修饰动词polluted。故选A。
24.Many viewers highly praise the film Ne Zha 2 because of the amazing scenes ______ the valuable spirit of the character Nezha.
A.as well as B.as good as C.as long as D.as soon as
【答案】A
【解析】句意:很多观众高度评价电影《哪吒2》,不仅因为其惊人的场景,还因为角色哪吒的宝贵精神。
考查短语辨析。as well as不仅……而且……,和;as good as和……一样好;as long as只要;as soon as一……就……。根据句意,此处表示并列原因,应用as well as。故选A。
25.The new electric car runs as ________ as the traditional gasoline-powered car (燃油车), but it is much greener.
A.fast B.faster C.the fastest D.fastest
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这款新型电动汽车和传统燃油车跑得一样快,但它更环保。
考查副词原级比较。fast快;faster更快;the fastest最快;fastest最快。根据“as…as”结构可知,此处需要使用副词原级表示同级比较,故选A。
26.—Which season do you like ______ in Xiangyang, spring or autumn?
—Autumn. The weather is cool and comfortable.
A.well B.better C.best D.good
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——在襄阳,你更喜欢哪个季节,春天还是秋天?——秋天。天气凉爽舒适。
考查副词比较级辨析。well好地;better更好地;best最好地;good好的。根据问题“spring or autumn”可知,是在两者之间比较,需用比较级“better”表示“更喜欢”,且回答“Autumn”进一步确认了比较选择。故选B。
27.Studying English is a long journey. Just learn a little ________ than you did the day before.
A.more B.less C.most D.least
【答案】A
【解析】句意:学习英语是一段漫长的旅程。每天只要比前一天多学一点点。
考查比较级。more更多;less更少;most最多;least最少。根据“than you did the day before.”可知,需要比较级,学得比前一天多,more符合句意,故选A。
28.________ the old woman watched the picture of her dead uncle, ________ she felt.
A.The more; sadder B.More; sadder C.The more; the sadder D.More; sadder
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这位老妇人越是看着她去世叔叔的照片,心里就越难过。
考查比较级结构。The more越多;sad悲伤;More更多;sadder更悲伤;The sadder越悲伤。根据句子结构可知,此句为“the+比较级…, the+比较级…”结构,表示“越……,越……”。“more”是“much”或“many”的比较级,修饰动词“watched”表示“越多地看”;“the sadder”是“sad”的比较级,前加定冠词“the”表示“越伤心”。该结构固定且完整,必须有两个“the”。故选C。
29.Chinese high-speed trains travel ________ of all the trains in the world so far.
A.fast B.faster C.much faster D.the fastest
【答案】D
【解析】句意:到目前为止,中国高铁是世界上所有火车中行驶最快的。
考查副词最高级。fast快的;faster更快的;much faster快得多;the fastest最快的。根据“in the world”可知,在世界范围内,应用最高级,fast的最高级是the fastest。故选D。
30.This is ________ book I’ve ever read. It’s so interesting.
A.the most exciting B.more exciting C.the more exciting D.most exciting
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这是我曾经读过的最令人激动的书。它是如此有趣。
考查形容词最高级。根据“I’ve ever read”(我曾经读过的)可知这里要用最高级,exciting的最高级是most exciting,最高级前要加冠词the,故选A。
形容词/副词变形专练
1.He stayed up late to finish his homework, so he felt very (sleep) in class this morning.
【答案】sleepy
【解析】句意:他熬夜完成作业,所以今天早上上课的时候感觉很困。根据“felt”可知,空格处需填形容词作表语,sleep的形容词形式“sleepy”表示“困倦的”,符合语境。故填sleepy。
2.All the people in the hall kept (silence) when the headmaster was speaking.
【答案】silent
【解析】句意:校长讲话时,大厅里所有人都保持安静。根据“keep”可知,此处需用形容词作表语,silence的形容词形式是silent“安静的”。故填silent。
3.It’s (harm) for teenagers to spend too much time playing computer games every day.
【答案】harmful
【解析】句意:每天花太多时间玩电脑游戏对青少年是有害的。根据“It’s...for teenagers to spend”可知,此处是句型“It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”,意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”,需用形容词作表语;harm是名词,其形容词为harmful,意为“有害的”。故填harmful。
4.It is really (polite) and even rude to take photos of others without their permission.
【答案】impolite
【解析】句意:未经他人允许就给别人拍照是不礼貌的,甚至是粗鲁的。根据“and even rude”可知,未经他人允许就给别人拍照是不礼貌的,polite“礼貌的”,其反义词impolite“不礼貌的”符合语境,形容词作表语。故填impolite。
5.After communicating with his parents, Tom felt as (happy) as before.
【答案】happy
【解析】句意:与父母沟通后,汤姆感到和以前一样高兴。as+形容词或副词的原级+as,表示“和……一样的……”,且feel后应用形容词作表语。故填happy。
6.After a period of physical training, he becomes (strong) than ever.
【答案】stronger
【解析】句意:经过一段时间的体能训练后,他变得比以往更强壮。空格后有比较级标志词“than”,需用形容词比较级。“strong”为单音节形容词,比较级为“stronger”。故填stronger。
7.This building is much (tall) than the one next to it.
【答案】taller
【解析】句意:这座建筑比旁边的那座要高得多。根据句子中的“much...than”可知,此处考查形容词比较级结构。tall为单音节形容词,其比较级形式直接加-er。故填taller。
8.This must be the (mad) idea that I have ever heard of.
【答案】maddest
【解析】句意:这一定是我听过的最疯狂的想法。根据空前的定冠词“the”以及空后的“I have ever heard of”可知,此处含有最高级的含义,指最疯狂的想法,应用最高级形式maddest。故填maddest。
9.Never give up is the (value) thing if you want to make your dream come true.
【答案】most valuable
【解析】句意:如果你想让你的梦想成真,永不放弃是最宝贵的东西。根据“Never give up is the…(value) thing if you want to make your dream come true.”可知,此处是指最宝贵的东西,应用value的形容词最高级形式most valuable“最宝贵的”,作定语修饰名词thing。故填most valuable。
10.English is the (popular) subject in the class. We all love it.
【答案】most popular
【解析】句意:英语是班上最受欢迎的科目。我们都喜欢它。根据“English is the...subject in the class.”可知,是在整个班级的范围内,科目不止三门,英语是最受欢迎的,应该用最高级,popular最高级要加most。故填most popular。
11.Professor Wang thanked everyone who helped with the project. (personal)
【答案】personally
【解析】句意:王教授亲自感谢了所有参与这个项目的人。根据“thanked”可知,横线处需填副词修饰动词,personal“个人的”,形容词,其副词形式为personally。故填personally。
12.It rained so that we could hardly see the road in front of us. (heavy)
【答案】heavily
【解析】句意:雨下得如此大,以至于我们几乎看不清前方的路。根据“rained”可知,此处描述雨下得很大,修饰动词应该用副词。故填heavily。
13.Would you please explain the word as (clear) as you can? We still can’t understand it.
【答案】clearly
【解析】句意:请你尽量把这个词解释清楚好吗?我们还是不能理解。此处修饰动词explain,应该用副词,as...as中间用原级,表示“和……一样……”,clear的副词为clearly。故填clearly。
14.This morning, Frank got up (early) than usual.
【答案】earlier
【解析】句意:今天早上,弗兰克比平时起得更早。根据“got up…than usual” 可知,此处用副词比较级,early的比较级为earlier,表示 “更早地”。故填earlier。
15.Boys and girls, we all know that the (hard) you work, the better results you will get.
【答案】harder
【解析】句意:孩子们,我们都知道你越努力,你就会得到越好的结果。根据“we all know that the…(hard) you work, the better results you will get.”可知,此处是指越努力越能得到好结果,为固定结构“the+比较级,the+比较级”;副词hard的比较级为harder“更努力”。故填harder。
16.Who jumped (high) in the sports meeting, Linda, Sandy or Alice?
【答案】highest/the highest
【解析】句意:谁在运动会上跳得最高,琳达、桑迪还是爱丽丝?根据“Linda, Sandy or Alice”可知,此处是询问三者谁在运动会上跳得最高,空处应用副词high的最高级highest,副词最高级前the可加可不加,故填highest/the highest。
17.—Which sport do you like (well), skating, swimming or surfing?
—Skating.
【答案】best
【解析】句意:——你最喜欢哪项运动,滑冰、游泳还是冲浪?——滑冰。根据“skating, swimming or surfing”可知,有三项运动进行比较,要用最高级。well最高级是best。故填best。
18.To live a healthier life, Jenny now puts (little) salt than before when cooking.
【答案】less
【解析】句意:为了过上更健康的生活,珍妮现在做饭时放的盐比以前少了。根据“than before”可知,此处需要使用比较级形式。little的比较级是less。故填less。
19.Students in the math club meet a month to discuss their problems on math. (two)
【答案】twice
【解析】句意:数学俱乐部的学生每月聚在一起两次,讨论他们在数学方面遇到的问题。根据“Students in the math club meet...a month”可知,此处指聚在一起见面的频率,twice a month“每月两次”符合题意。故填twice。
20.The students were (complete) out of control after their teacher left the classroom.
【答案】completely
【解析】句意:老师离开教室后,学生们完全失去了控制。complete“完全的”,形容词;分析句子可知,本句不缺成分,所以用complete的副词completely“完全地”修饰介词短语out of control。故填completely。
语篇专练
Passage 01
I was raised by my grandma in Arkansas, and she influenced me a lot. Grandma often spoke softly and walked slowly 1._____________ her hands behind her back. I copied her every move, and our neighbors called 2._____________ (I) her shadow (影子). When I was in my 3._____________ (five) grade, I moved to California to live with my mother. My new house was in 4._____________ place far away from Grandma’s little home. In my new house, my life was 5._____________ (good) but noisier than before.
My mother 6._____________ (wear) lipstick (口红) and rouge (胭脂). The house 7._____________ (fill) with the laughter and loud talking of her guests most of the time. I 8._____________ (clear) didn’t belong.
My mother watched me for two 9._____________ (week) . Then, one night, she sat me down. “Maya,” she said. “I know you don’t like me. Why? Is it 10._____________ I am not like your grandma? But I am your mother and I am working hard 11._____________ (support) the family and take care of you. When you go to school, the teacher and students will smile at you and you’ll smile back. If you can force a smile for me, I 12._____________ (enjoy) it very much, too.”
Looking at her face, I was moved by my mother and smiled. She kissed me and couldn’t stop 13._____________ (cry) .
“That’s the first time I 14._____________ (see) you smile since you moved here! I love you, my beautiful daughter!”
That day, I learned just how 15._____________ (power) a smile can be.
【答案】
1.with 2.me 3.fifth 4.a 5.better 6.wore 7.was filled 8.clearly 9.weeks 10.because 11.to support 12.will enjoy 13.crying 14.have seen 15.powerful
【导语】本文讲述作者在阿肯色州由奶奶抚养长大,受奶奶影响大,后搬到加利福尼亚和妈妈一起生活,起初不适应,妈妈察觉到后和作者沟通,作者被打动并微笑,妈妈因此感动,作者也懂得了微笑的力量。
1.句意:奶奶经常轻声说话,慢慢走路,双手背在身后。根据“her hands behind her back.”可知,这里表示走路时双手背后,需用with在句中作伴随状语,描述奶奶走路时的状态。故填with。
2.句意:我模仿她的每一个动作,我们的邻居都叫我她的影子。根据“I copied her every move, and our neighbors called”可知,called是动词,后接宾格作宾语,I的宾格是me。故填me。
3.句意:当我上五年级的时候,我搬到加利福尼亚和我妈妈一起生活。根据“grade”可知,这里表示第几年级,“五年级”用fifth grade表示,fifth是five的序数词形式,用于表示顺序,故填fifth。
4.句意:我的新家在一个远离奶奶小房子的地方。根据“place far away from Grandma’s little home.”可知,place是辅音音素开头的可数名词单数,此处表示一个地方,表泛指,用不定冠词a修饰,故填a。
5.句意:在我的新家里,我的生活比以前更好,但更吵闹了。根据“than before”可知,此处需用比较级,good的比较级是better。故填better。
6.句意:我妈妈涂着口红和胭脂。文章整体是过去时态,此处描述过去妈妈的状态,wear的过去式是wore。故填wore。
7.句意:房子大部分时间都充满了她客人的笑声和大声的谈话声。根据“with the laughter and loud talking of her guests most of the time.”可知,be filled with是固定短语,意为“充满……”,文章是过去时态,主语the house是单数,故填was filled。
8.句意:显然我格格不入。根据“didn’t belong.”可知,此处修饰整个句子,要用副词,clear的副词形式是clearly。故填clearly。
9.句意:我妈妈观察了我两个星期。根据“My mother watched me for two”可知,two后接可数名词复数,week的复数形式是weeks。故填weeks。
10.句意:是因为我不像你的奶奶吗?根据“Why? Is it”可知,Is it because...是常用表达,用于询问原因,意思是“是因为……吗”,故填because。
11.句意:但我是你的妈妈,我正在努力工作来养家糊口并照顾你。根据“But I am your mother and I am working hard”可知,此处需用动词不定式to support作目的状语,说明妈妈努力工作的目的是为了养家并照顾自己的孩子。故填to support。
12.句意:如果你能为我挤出一个微笑,我也会非常享受它。根据“If you can force a smile for me,”可知,if引导的条件状语从句中,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来。故填will enjoy。
13.句意:她吻了我,忍不住哭了起来。根据“She kissed me and couldn’t stop”可知,can’t stop doing sth.是固定用法,意为“忍不住做某事”。故填crying。
14.句意:这是自从你搬到这里以来我第一次看到你微笑!根据“you smile since you moved here!”可知,since为现在完成时标志词,“That’s the first time+现在完成时”为常用表达,强调从过去到现在的情况。故填have seen。
15.句意:那天,我明白了一个微笑可以有多大的力量。根据“That day, I learned just how”可知,how后接形容词或副词,此处修饰名词smile,用形容词,power的形容词形式是powerful。故填powerful。
Passage 02
Dear Mom and Dad,
I love you and want to say thank you.
First, thank you for bringing me to this 1._____________(wonder) world. In the past 20 years, you 2._____________ (do) a lot for me. But I didn’t realize it 3._____________ I left home. I understand how hard it was for you to raise me 4._____________ (healthy). Now I have grown up. It’s my turn to take good care 5._____________ you.
6._____________ (two), thank you for giving me a good environment to grow up. As the saying goes, “Parents are the first teachers to their 7._____________ (child).” Because of 8._____________ (you) help, I have many good habits. You also taught me how I could become 9._____________ useful person.
Last but not least, thank you for your respect and support. I 10._____________ (not force) to do anything that I was not interested in. You always said, “Nothing is 11._____________ (possible) if you set your mind to it.” Your words were really helpful to me. Now I am 12._____________ (active) one in our class. I’m a 13._____________ (confidence) girl and I feel happy every day. I know you 14._____________ (be) there with me forever.
I really miss you while I 15._____________ (write) this letter. I can’t wait to go home now.
Love you!
Helen
【答案】
1.wonderful 2.have done 3.until 4.healthily 5.of 6.Second 7.children 8.your 9.a 10.wasn’t forced 11.impossible 12.the most active 13.confident 14.will be 15.am writing
【导语】本文是Helen写给父母的一封感谢信,感谢他们将自己带到这个美好的世界、给予良好的成长环境以及尊重和支持。
1.句意:首先,感谢你们把我带到这个美好的世界。空处修饰名词world,空处需用形容词作定语。wonder的形容词形式是wonderful“美好的”。故填wonderful。
2.句意:在过去的20年里,你们为我做了很多。根据“In the past 20 years”可知,时态用现在完成时have/has done,主语是you,助动词用have。故填have done。
3.句意:但我直到离开家才意识到这一点。not…until…是固定搭配,表示“直到……才……”。故填until。
4.句意:我理解你们健康地抚养我有多难。空处修饰动词raise,需用副词形式。healthy的副词形式是healthily“健康地”。故填healthily。
5.句意:现在轮到我好好照顾你们了。take care of是固定短语,意为“照顾”。故填of。
6.句意:第二,感谢你们给我一个良好的成长环境。根据“First”可知,此处是介绍第二点,用序数词second。故填Second。
7.句意:父母是孩子的第一任老师。根据“their”可知,此处应用名词复数形式children“孩子”。故填children。
8.句意:因为你们的帮助,我养成了许多好习惯。空处修饰名词help,用形容词性物主代词your“你们的”。故填your。
9.句意:你们还教我如何成为一个有用的人。此处泛指一个有用的人,且useful是辅音音素开头的单词,用a表示。故填a。
10.句意:我没有被迫做任何我不感兴趣的事情。主语I与force之间是被动关系,且描述过去的事情,需用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done,主语是I,be用was,否定句用wasn’t。故填wasn’t forced。
11.句意:你们总是说:“如果你下定决心,没有什么是不可能的。”根据“if you set your mind to it”可知,是指如果下定决心,没有什么是不可能的,用形容词impossible“不可能的”,作表语。故填impossible。
12.句意:现在我在班上是最活跃的。根据“in our class”可知,此处应用形容词的最高级形式the most active“最活跃的”。故填the most active。
13.句意:我是一个自信的女孩,每天都感到快乐。空处修饰名词girl,需用形容词形式。confidence的形容词形式是confident“自信的”。故填confident。
14.句意:我知道你们将永远和我在一起。根据“there with me forever.”可知,是指将永远和我在一起,用一般将来时will do。故填will be。
15.句意:写这封信的时候,我非常想念你们。while引导的时间状语从句表示动作正在进行,根据“miss”可知,此处需用现在进行时,主语是I,be用am,write用现在分词writing。故填am writing。
1 / 18
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$