第二部分 专题二 第4讲 动词的语态-【练客中考】2026年安徽新中考英语精讲册word（人教版）

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦“动词的语态”核心考点，针对中考10年6考的高频考查要求，构建“被动语态结构-主动变被动方法-使用情况-主动表被动”四维知识体系，通过表格梳理常考时态结构，结合方法步骤指导和26道中考真题及模拟题训练，帮助学生系统突破语态难点。 亮点在于“规则+特例”双轨教学策略，如通过“hear sb. sing→sb. was heard to sing”实例解析“一感二听三使四看”动词被动还原to的考点，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。分层设计真题与模拟题即时应用，配合考点速记口诀，确保高效复习，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

第4讲　动词的语态 [10年6考] 1.被动语态的结构 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词(done)”构成，被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化通过be动词的变化来体现。常考的四种主动语态和被动语态的结构如下： 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 (2018.44) am/is/are＋done The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 主动语态：We clean the classroom every day. 一般过去时(10年3考) was/were＋done A new pen was given to her by her mother. 主动语态：Her mother gave her a new pen. 一般将来时(2024.29， 2019.42) will/shall/be going to＋be＋done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 主动语态：They will plant trees tomorrow. 含情态动词 情态动词＋be＋done The problem must be solved soon. 主动语态：We must solve the problem soon. 2.主动语态变被动语态的方法 方法：①主动句宾语变成被动句主语。 ②主动句谓语动词变成被动句“be＋done”结构。其中，be动词的人称和数应与被动句的主语保持一致，时态不变。 ③主动句主语变成被动句宾语，即by＋原主语(宾格形式)。 ④主动句其他成分不变。 【注意】主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况： ①“使役动词”和“感官动词”后接不带to的动词不定式作补语时，变被动语态时还原to。此类常见词有：一感(feel)；二听(hear/listen to)；三使(make/have/let)；四看(look/see/watch/notice)。 如：I heard Amy sing that morning.→Amy was heard to sing that morning. ②带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态有两种表达方式。其中，直接宾语(物)作被动句的主语时，间接宾语(人)前必须加to或者for。 如：He gave the girl a toy. →A toy was given to the girl by him. →The girl was given a toy by him. 3.被动语态的使用情况 (1)常见的使用被动语态的情况： 情况 示例 不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁 Rice is grown in the south of China. 需要强调动作的承受者 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态(born，seat，dress等) I was born in China in 2008. (2)不能使用被动语态的情况： 情况 示例 主动句的谓语动词为不及物动词 happen，take place，belong to等 主动句的谓语动词为表示状态的动词 have，own，fail，fit，cost，last(持续)等 4.主动结构表被动意义的情况 情况 示例 open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，watch，cut，burn，drive等作不及物动词，且主语为物 This kind of pen writes very smoothly. look，feel，sound，taste，smell等感官动词用主动结构表被动意义 Mooncakes taste delicious. need/require/be worth 后跟v.-ing形式相当于need/require/be worth后跟动词不定式的被动结构(to be done) My bike needs repairing. ＝My bike needs to be repaired. 1.[2024安徽29题]The 2024 Paris Olympic Games 　D　 this July. Don’t miss it. A.holds　　　　　　　 B.will hold C.is held D.will be held 2.[2023安徽25题]Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they 　D　 into schools. A.introduce B.introduced C.are introduced D.were introduced 3.[2019安徽42题]The villagers expect that the building of the bridge 　C　 before the rainy season comes. A.is completed B.was completed C.will be completed D.has been completed 4.[2018安徽44题]The weatherman says a rain shower 　C　 this afternoon in the south. A.expects B.expected C.is expected D.was expected 5.[2017安徽42题]Mr. Green 　A　 to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. A.was invited B.invited C.is invited D.invites 6.[2016安徽34题]When the baby dog 　B　，it was very hungry. So we gave it some food. A.is found B.was found C.has been found D.will be found 7.[2025合肥蜀山区一模]—Wow，there is a new club in your school. —It 　D　 this term and now it has many members. A.sets up B.is set up C.set up D.was set up 8.[2025合肥第四十五中二模]—Do you know how DeepSeek gets so smart？ —Yes. It has a strong ability and 　B　 by training on lots of information. A.develops B.is developed C.was developed D.developed 9.[2025江苏扬州]When you feel cold air coming through your window，energy 　B　. A.wastes B.is wasted C.wasted D.was wasted 10.—The streets in our city are always clean. —You know they 　D　 by the hard-working cleaners every day. A.have cleaned B.will clean C.are cleaning D.are cleaned 11.—It is said that traditional Chinese music classes 　C　 in our school as soon as this term starts！ —Wow！I can’t wait to take them. A.will teach B.were taught C.will be taught D.are teaching 12.—World Animal Day is on October 4th every year. —Many activities 　C　 to improve the relationship between humans and animals this day. A.will hold B.were held C.are held D.held 13.—The beautiful handiwork on the table looks so special. Who made it？ —It 　C　 by my grandmother last week. She’s very skillful. A.makes B.made C.was made D.will be made 14.In order to build a beautiful China and make the nation even greener，bad habits like wasting water 　D　. A.avoid B.is avoided C.will avoid D.should be avoided 15.We should be honest to our friends，because it 　A　 to be our traditional value. A.is considered B.was considered C.considered D.considers 16.The Great Wall has a history of over twenty centuries and each part of it 　D　 in separate periods. A.build B.is built C.built D.was built 17.—Can you believe plants 　D　 on the moon in the future？ —Of course. Chinese scientists have been exploring the possibility of it. A.grew B.are grown C.were grown D.will be grown 18.You won’t know how the beauty of this classical work 　A　 unless you read it again and again. A.is expressed B.was expressed C.expresses D.expressed 19.—Your house looks so beautiful with these red lanterns. —Thanks. The red lanterns 　C　 by my brother and me yesterday. A.hang B.are hung C.were hung D.will be hung 20.More mistakes 　C　 if you go over the paper carefully for a second time. A.are found B.will find C.can be found D.find 21.—It is said that many trees 　D　 in our city. —That’s great. The air will be much fresher soon. A.plant B.are planted C.will plant D.will be planted 22.—I hear Lucy 　D　 to the art festival. Is that true？ —Oh，yes. She performed very well at the festival. A.invites B.will invite C.is invited D.was invited 23.—Did you hear that our school soccer team won the game？ —Yes. The news 　C　 on the radio this morning. A.reported B.is reported C.was reported D.reports 24.—Excuse me，can I put my bags here？ —Sure. Your bags 　D　 here until you come back. Have a great time shopping！ A.kept B.are keeping C.are kept D.will be kept 25.In ancient times，the beautiful silk cloth 　D　 along the Silk Road to other countries. A.trades B.traded C.is traded D.was traded 26.—What will happen if lots of jobs 　B　 over by AI？ —That is a good question. But at the same time，AI will create more jobs. A.will take B.are taken C.will be taken D.take 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $