期末首字母阅读专项讲义（无提示词）-2025-2026学年译林版（2012）英语九年级上册

课 题 首字母阅读-----无提示词 教学目标 1. 掌握“介连冠代”四类核心词的用法规则（连词表逻辑、冠词分泛指特指、介词搭固定搭配/表逻辑、代词辨形式变化）。 2. 熟练运用“判词类→定词汇→验通顺”三步解题法。 3. 攻克高频考点：连词（but/so/unless/whether/who/that）、冠词（a/an/the）、介词（for/from/against）、代词（himself/it/nothing）。 重难点透视 1. 结合上下文逻辑推导词义，突破“孤立看句”的思维局限。 2. 精准匹配词类规则与语境，避免冠词混用、连词逻辑错位等问题。 3. 首字母题型中，根据首字母+词性+语境锁定正确词汇并规范词形。 知识点剖析 序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 首字母题型相关内容 55 min 2 首字母专项讲练 65 min 教 学 内 容 ( 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等，可通过“介连冠代”记忆口诀辅助判断，做题分两步： 1. 结合句意与句子结构，确定需填的词类； 2. 根据具体语境，确定该类词中的具体词汇。 (1) 连词知识点 连词是连接词、词组或句子，表逻辑关系（并列、承接、转折等）的虚词，分为并列连词和从属连词。 （一）并列连词 1. 常见词汇与短语：and, but, or, nor, so, for, yet, both...and..., not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor... 2. 例句与解析： · 原句：For many students, it is easy to get to school. ______ in one small village in China, it is difficult. · 答案：But（表转折关系，结合前后句“容易”与“困难”的对比） （二）从属连词（按从句类型划分） 【定语从句】 1　 考点：根据先行词（人/物）及关系词在从句中的成分（主语/宾语等）确定连接词。 2　 例句与解析： · 原句：In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl ______ was singing one of his works. · 答案：who/that（先行词是“人”，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who或that） 【状语从句】 1　 考点：结合句意判断逻辑关系（条件、让步等），选择对应连接词。 2　 例句与解析： · 原句：Even if you learn something well, you will forget it ______ you use it. · 答案：unless（表“除非”，句意“即使学好东西，除非使用否则会忘”） 【宾语从句】 1　 考点：根据句意及固定搭配（如“or not”）确定连接词。 2　 例句与解析： · 原句：They are talking about ______ they will go there or not. · 答案：whether（与“or not”搭配，表“是否”，引导宾语从句） (2) 冠词知识点 冠词是虚词，需放在名词前，帮助指明名词含义，分为不定冠词（a/an） 和定冠词（the）。 （一）不定冠词（a/an） 1　 用法：修饰可数名词单数，表“泛指”，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前。 2　 例句与解析： · 原句：In the book, a girl named Alice falls down a rabbit hole and drops into ______ strange land. · 答案：a（land此处为可数名词，“strange”以辅音音素开头，表“一片土地”，用a） （二）定冠词（the） 1　 用法：表“特指”（如上文已提及的事物）。 2　 例句与解析： · 原句：He bought a house. I've been to ______ house. · 答案：the（特指前文提到的“house”，用the） (3) 介词知识点 介词不能单独作句子成分，后接名词、代词等作宾语，需结合固定搭配或逻辑关系判断。 （一）常见介词 along, like, before, after, above, below, since, behind, during, among, between, under, except, across, through, toward(s), against, into, onto, inside, outside, without... （二）例句与解析 1) 固定搭配： · 原句：Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. "It's hard work," he says, "but I want to learn more about how to care ______ animals." · 答案：for（“care for”为固定搭配，表“照顾”） 2) 逻辑关系： · 原句：We are students ______ Thailand, and we want to save the elephants. · 答案：from（表“来自”，结合句意“来自泰国的学生”） (4) 代词知识点 代词代替名词或句子，需考虑人称、物主、反身、不定代词等变化，及“it”的特殊用法。 （一）反身代词 1) 用法：常与“by”搭配（by oneself，表“独自”），需根据主语确定对应的反身代词。 2) 例句与解析： · 原句：He can swim all by ______. · 答案：himself（主语是He，反身代词为himself，“by himself”表“独自游泳”） （二）it的用法（指代、强调句、形式主/宾语） 1) 指代前文事物： · 原句：I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ______ to be much better. · 答案：it（指代前文的“the film”，作expected的宾语） 2) 强调句（结构：It is/was+被强调部分+who/that+其他）： · 原句：I don't mind her criticizing me, but ______ is how she does it that I object to. · 答案：it（符合强调句结构，强调“她做的方式”） 3) 形式主语/宾语（代替真正的主/宾语从句）： · 形式主语：原句：______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. · 答案：It（真正主语是“that从句”，it作形式主语） · 形式宾语：原句：Susan made ______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. · 答案：it（真正宾语是“that从句”，it作形式宾语） （三）不定代词 · 例句与解析： · 原句：I got this bicycle for ______: My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. · 答案：nothing（“for nothing”为固定结构，表“免费”） 一、核心考点：只考4类词（记口诀“介连冠代”） 1. 连词：连接词/词组/句子，表逻辑关系 · 并列连词：and（顺承）、but（转折）、or（选择）、so（因果）等 · 从属连词：that/whether（宾语从句）、who/that（定语从句）、unless（状语从句）等 2. 冠词：放在名词前，限定含义 · 不定冠词：a（辅音音素开头名词前）、an（元音音素开头名词前） · 定冠词：the（特指前文提到的事物） 3. 介词：后接名词/代词，表搭配或逻辑 · 固定搭配：care for（照顾）、look after（照料）等 · 逻辑关系：from（来自）、during（在……期间）、without（没有）等 4. 代词：代替名词，需注意形式变化 · 反身代词：himself（by oneself 搭配） · it用法：指代前文事物、形式主语/宾语、强调句 · 不定代词：nothing（for nothing 免费）等 【无提示词做题技巧】： · 第一步：结合句子意思，分析句子结构，确定填哪一类词； · 第二步：根据句子意思确定具体填哪个冠词，代词、介词或连词。 1. 先判断词性：看空格前后成分 · 连接两个句子→连词 · 名词前→冠词 · 后接名词/代词→介词 · 指代前文/作主语/宾语→代词 2. 再确定具体词汇：结合语境和规则 · 连词看逻辑（转折用but，选择用whether…or not） · 冠词看特指/发音（前文提过用the，辅音开头用a） · 介词先想固定搭配，无搭配看逻辑（来自用from） · 代词看搭配/句式（by oneself用反身代词，形式主语用It） 3. 最后验证：代入后语法通顺、语义合理 综合练习 1、 阅读下面的短文，根据所读内容，在文章后表格的空格里填入最恰当的内容。注意：17题每个空格只填一个单词， 8-10题词数不限。 Have you ever wished you could grow up fast so you could use your own money? Earning money isn’t just for adults; teenagers can get in on the action too. Money gives you choices. Perhaps you want to buy a better birthday present for your grandfather, then the extra money you make helps. Money gives you independence (独立). When you make your own money, you don’t have to depend on someone else. 100 yuan that you make by yourself feels a lot better than 160 yuan from your parents. Moreover, making money is a learning process. By working for your own money, you’ll learn the skills necessary to succeed in the real world more actively. This includes dealing with money, communicating with other people, applying knowledge from school, and managing your time wisely. You can start making money by trying the following: •Collect soft drink cans. You can sell the cans and use the money for a new basketball. Plus, you’ll contribute to a cleaner and more pleasant environment! •Sell homemade goods. If you have a talent for DIY or baking, you can make and sell items like art pieces and cup cakes. To set a proper price, consider both the cost of materials and the time spent making the item. •Sell used books. You may have some books that you have read but you don’t wait to keep. Selling them can be a way to earn money and support a green lifestyle. ·Want to be a teacher in the future? Begin practicing now. Are you skilled in Math, reading, or creating music? You can teach younger children how to get better grades or provide winter music lessons. What are you good at? What do you like to do? Whatever you choose should be safe and lawful. Discuss your plans with your parents; you’ll need them to say “yes”. Making your own money 1 for making your own money You can have 2 . If you have your own money, it may help you buy something better. You may feel independent. Compared with the money from your parents, the money you earn can give you a better feeling, even if it is much 3 . You are likely to be an active 4 . Things like dealing with money, communicating with others, applying knowledge to practice will lead to your 5 in the real world. Reminders before action Safety comes first. What you do mustn’t be 6 the law. Tell your parents your ideas and let them 7 with you. Ways to make your own money What should be considered to set a proper price for homemade goods? (不限词数) 8 Which ways mentioned can help protect the environment? (不限词数) 9 Besides (除了) the ways mentioned, how would you make your own money? (不限词数) 10 2、 短文填空,根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Shadow play is a traditional type of performing art in China. Leather puppets (木偶), controlled by sticks, are held up against a screen with a light behind them. Along with music, songs, dances and d 11 , they tell a story. Some form of shadow play has been in China for a long time s 12 puppets were mentioned in earlier records. But it was not until the Northern Song Dynasty that shadow play was r 13 in books. The tools required for a shadow play are s 14 : just a white screen, puppets, and a light. Screens were made of paper. Puppets might have been made of paper at first as well, but no d 15 leather soon gained more popularity since it could last longer. That is why the art form is called pí yǐng xì in modern C 16 language. Puppets stand for people and different things. They are carved (雕刻) and painted with bright colors in order to s 17 through the screen. A typical performing team is made up of five people. One controls the puppets, t 18 play the instruments and one sings all the parts. For many people, watching shadow puppetry is a pleasure, but the value of shadow puppetry goes far b 19 that. Seeing that the art form can pass on cultural history and local customs, the Chinese government is promoting (推广) this ancient and important art form, but perhaps the best promoters are the performers t 20 , who are finding ways to bring the art form to young people. With new ideas, they are sure to give new life to this old art. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special f 21 of traditional Chinese culture and art. At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is u 22 a huge stone or wall to screen your view. This is to give you a pressedin feeling in order to later produce unexpected joy w 23 you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations (假山) and a big lake. The best e 24 is the Summer Palace. Rock formations play an important role in the d 25 of a Chinesestyle garden. Without them, a garden could not be considered a Chinesestyle garden. They are as i 26 to a Chinesestyle garden as sculptures are to a Europeanstyle garden. Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for its Four Seasons Rockeries. Gardens in the south are mostly small in size. Chinese garden designers have used the m 27 of “borrowing scenery with a mirror” to create a sense of space. A mirror is hung opposite a window to take in the o 28 scenery. A fine example of this is Pian Shi Shan Fang, a rockery in He Garden, Yangzhou. A big mirror is built into the wall of its west corridor (走廊). The whole garden will be s 29 in the mirror wherever the visitors are. A pool or a lake in a garden also serves this purpose. A pool runs from south to north t 30 the garden of Pian Shi Shan Fang. East of the rockery, a manmade moon is reflected (倒映) in the pool. Whatever methods used, every effort is made to achieve the purpose of giving visitors a sense of space in the garden. 3、 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 The Tour de France (环法自行车赛) is the world’s most famous and hardest cycling race. It takes place every year and l 31 for a total of three weeks, covering 3,500 kilometres. During the late 19th century, cycling became a popular h 32 for many people. A 33 time went on, organized bike races were introduced and professional (专业的) cycling became very popular in France. Sports newspapers began reporting on cycling stories. One French reporter had an i 34 of organizing a large bike race that went through the whole France. And so, on 6th July 1903, 60 cyclists set off on a race and covered 2,428 kilometres in a circular route (路线) over six stages. 18 days later, only 21 of them f 35 the race. The winner was Maurice Garin and that was the b 36 of the Tour de France. Since then, the race has taken place each year except during the First and Second World Wars. It has also become much h 37 with mountain climbs and longer routes, attracting top cyclists from around the world. Every year, the tour begins in a different location. The route c 38 every year too. The 2024 Tour de France began on 29th June and ended on 21st July. This year’s race started in the city of Florence, Italy for the first time. The race covered Around 3,500 kilometres over 21 stages, i 39 flat, hilly, and mountain routes. There were 22 teams taking part and e 40 of them was made up of eight riders. After battling through the challenging routes, the final stage concluded on the ChampsÉlysées in Paris. 三、完成句子 61．那张富有创意的海报吸引了每一个人的注意。 That creative poster . 62．这些动物爱好者们在那个公园仔细观察了流浪猫的生活。 These animal-lovers the life of homeless cats in the park. 63．在网络上可以使用什么方法来提防犯罪？ What method can be used crimes on the Internet? 64．在日本旅游期间，我们还会品尝各种日本美食。希望我们能有一次愉快的旅行。 in Japan, we can also try all kinds of Japanese food. I hope we . 65．张磊认为科学无处不在，科学改变了人们的生活。 Zhang Lei thinks science is everywhere and it . 66．我们喜欢在户外活动, 我们准备充分——带了手机、水、食物和相机。 We enjoyed being outdoors and we . —we had our mobile phones, water, food and cameras with us. 67．Many people think of Wu Jing to be a superstar in the film industry. （同义句改写） Wu Jing is a superstar in the film industry. 68．On Dec 25, British pop star George Michael died peacefully. （同义句改写） On Dec 25, British pop star George Michael peacefully. 69．他已被选定出演这部科幻片的主角。 He has been chosen to in this science fiction film. 70．让人感到平静和安宁的另一种颜色是白色。如果你感到压力大，就可以穿白色的衣服。白色还是一种纯洁的色彩。 Another colour that makes people feel calm and peaceful is white. ，you white clothes.White is also the colour of purity. 71. The boy breathed heavily after running yesterday. (同义句改写) The boy was ______ ______ ______ after running yesterday. 72. Hepburn was so great an actress that many people liked her acting at that time. (同义句改写) Hepburn was ______ ______ ______ ______ that many people liked her acting at that time. 73. Last year, I attended a course on Chinese kungfu in order to improve my skills. (改为同义句) I attended a course on Chinese kungfu last year ______ ______ I could improve my skills. 74. If you play basketball here, you may break the windows. (改为同义句) ______ play basketball here, ______ you may break the windows. 75. You will be late unless you leave at once. ______ you ______ leave at once, you will be late. 76. Mrs Brown is so old that she could do nothing. (改为同义句) Mrs Brown is ______ old to do ______. 答案： 【任务型】： 1． Reasons 2．choices 3．less 4．learner 5．success 6．against 7．agree 8． The cost of materials and the time spent making the item. 9． Collecting soft drink cans and selling used books. 10． By washing cars for neighbours. 【首字母】： 11． (d)ialogue(s)/ (d)rama(s) 12．(s)ince 13．(r)ecorded 14．(s)imple 15．(d)oubt 16．(C)hinese 17．(s)how 18．(t)hree 19．(b)eyond 20．(t)hemselves 21.(f)orm 22．(u)sually 23．(w)hen 24．(e)xample 25．(d)esign 26．(i)mportant 27．(m)ethod 28．(o)utside 29．(s)een 30．(t)hrough 31． (l)asts 32．(h)obby 33．(A)s 34．(i)dea 35．(f)inished 36．(b)eginning 37．(h)arder 38．(c)hanges 39．(i)ncluding 40．(e)ach 【完成句子】： 61． caught everyone’s attention 62． took a close look at 63． to guard against 64． During our trip ； can have a good time 65． has changed people’s lives 66． were well prepared 67． regarded/considered as 68． passed away 69． play the lead role 70． If you feel stressed, can wear 71. out of breath 72. such a great actress 73. so that 74. Don't；or 75. If；don't 76. too；anything $