Unit 2 Neighbourhood（阅读策略）-2025-2026学年下学期七年级英语单元知识基础巩固（译林版2024）

2025-2026学年下学期七年级英语单元知识基础巩固(译林版2024) Unit 2 Neighbourhood阅读策略 目录 第一部分 阅读主题阐释锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 词句策略积累用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 阅读强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 阅读主题阐释 “Neighbourhood”作为七年级英语下册Unit 2的核心阅读主题，围绕社区及周边环境展开，涵盖社区内的场所、人物、日常活动、邻里互动等核心内容，旨在引导学生了解社区构成，学会用英语描述社区相关事物，同时培养对社区的认同感与责任感，提升跨文化交际中对不同社区文化的认知与理解能力。 1. 主题内涵 “Neighbourhood”主题的核心内涵是围绕社区及周边环境形成的生活场景与人际关系网络，具体包括社区内的各类场所（如居住场所、服务场所、休闲场所等）、社区中的人物角色（居民、工作人员等）、社区内的日常活动（购物、就医、休闲、求助等）以及邻里之间的互助与交往。通过该主题的阅读，学生能够构建起对“社区”这一生活空间的完整认知，理解社区在日常生活中的重要作用。 例： There is a small supermarket near my neighbourhood, and we can buy daily necessities there. My neighbours often help each other when someone is in trouble. 2. 素养体现 该主题阅读主要体现学生的语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力四大核心素养。语言能力上，侧重培养学生获取社区相关信息（如场所位置、服务内容、活动安排等）的阅读能力，以及用英语描述社区的表达能力；文化意识上，引导学生了解中西方社区文化的异同，如社区服务模式、邻里交往方式等；思维品质上，通过分析阅读语篇中社区问题的解决方案、邻里互动的逻辑关系，培养学生的逻辑推理与分析判断能力；学习能力上，鼓励学生通过梳理社区相关词汇、句式，总结阅读技巧，提升自主学习与知识迁移能力。 3. 策略要求 针对“Neighbourhood”主题的阅读，需掌握以下核心策略：一是略读策略，快速浏览语篇，抓住语篇主旨（如介绍某社区的特色、讲述一次邻里互助的故事等）；二是寻读策略，根据题目要求，精准定位语篇中与社区场所、人物、活动相关的关键信息（如位置介词、场所名称、时间状语等）；三是推理判断策略，结合语篇语境，推断邻里之间的情感态度、某一社区服务的作用等隐含信息；四是词汇猜测策略，利用上下文语境（如举例、解释、同义替换等）猜测社区相关生词的含义。 4. 文化品质 该主题蕴含丰富的文化品质，主要体现在中西方社区文化的共性与差异上。共性方面，中西方社区都重视邻里之间的友好交往与互助合作，都拥有满足居民基本生活需求的服务设施；差异方面，西方社区更注重个人隐私，邻里交往相对独立，社区服务多由专业机构主导，而中国社区更强调邻里和睦、互帮互助的氛围，社区居委会在社区服务中发挥重要作用。通过阅读，学生能够尊重不同的社区文化，增强跨文化交际的敏感性。 ◇Part 02 词句策略积累 一、主题词汇 （1）社区场所 neighbourhood 社区；community 社区；house 房子；flat 公寓；apartment 公寓（美式）；building 建筑物；block 街区；street 街道；road 道路；avenue 大道（美式）；lane 小巷；square 广场；park 公园；garden 花园；supermarket 超市；shop 商店；store 商店（美式）；bookstore 书店；restaurant 餐馆；cafe 咖啡馆；hospital 医院；clinic 诊所；school 学校；library 图书馆；bank 银行；post office 邮局；police station 警察局；fire station 消防站；community center 社区中心；gym 体育馆；cinema 电影院；theatre 剧院（英式）；gas station 加油站 （2）人物相关 neighbour 邻居；resident 居民；doctor 医生；nurse 护士；teacher 教师；student 学生；shopkeeper 店主；cashier 收银员；policeman 警察；policewoman 女警察；firefighter 消防员；postman 邮递员；bank clerk 银行职员；cleaner 清洁工；gardener 园丁；driver 司机；cook 厨师 （3）动作与互动 live 居住；stay 停留；work 工作；study 学习；shop 购物；buy 买；sell 卖；eat 吃；drink 喝；help 帮助；assist 协助；visit 拜访；greet 问候；chat 聊天；communicate 交流；share 分享；borrow 借（入）；lend 借（出）；repair 修理；clean 打扫；protect 保护；build 建造 （4）方位与距离 near 在……附近；next to 紧挨着；beside 在……旁边；between 在……之间；among 在……之中；in front of 在……前面；behind 在……后面；across from 在……对面；opposite 在……对面；on the left of 在……左边；on the right of 在……右边；far from 远离；close to 靠近；around the corner 在拐角处；down the street 沿着街道 （5）特征描述 big 大的；small 小的；new 新的；old 旧的；clean 干净的；dirty 脏的；quiet 安静的；noisy 吵闹的；beautiful 美丽的；ugly 丑陋的；safe 安全的；dangerous 危险的；convenient 方便的；comfortable 舒适的；crowded 拥挤的；empty 空的 二、主题句式 （1）描述场所位置 1. There is a supermarket near my neighbourhood. （我的社区附近有一家超市。） 2. There are two parks in our community. （我们社区有两个公园。） 3. The post office is next to the bank. （邮局紧挨着银行。） 4. The hospital is across from the school. （医院在学校对面。） 5. There is a bookstore between the restaurant and the cafe. （餐馆和咖啡馆之间有一家书店。） 6. The library is on the left of the community center. （图书馆在社区中心的左边。） 7. My house is behind the park. （我的房子在公园后面。） 8. The gym is around the corner of the street. （体育馆在街道的拐角处。） 9. Is there a cinema near here? （这附近有电影院吗？） 10. Where is the nearest shop? （最近的商店在哪里？） （2）描述社区生活与活动 1. I live in a quiet neighbourhood. （我住在一个安静的社区。） 2. My family has lived here for three years. （我们家在这里住了三年了。） 3. People in our community often go to the park to exercise in the morning. （我们社区的人早上经常去公园锻炼。） 4. I usually buy snacks from the shop down the street. （我通常从沿街的商店买零食。） 5. My neighbours and I often chat in the garden on weekends. （我和邻居们周末经常在花园聊天。） 6. The community center holds a reading activity every Saturday. （社区中心每周六举办阅读活动。） 7. We often share our homemade food with each other. （我们经常互相分享自制的食物。） 8. My father works in a bank near our neighbourhood. （我爸爸在我们社区附近的一家银行工作。） 9. I go to school by bike because it's close to my home. （我骑自行车上学，因为它离我家很近。） 10. Many children play football in the square after school. （很多孩子放学后在广场踢足球。） （3）邻里互助与交往 1. My neighbour helped me repair my bike yesterday. （昨天我的邻居帮我修理了自行车。） 2. When I was ill, my neighbours took care of me. （我生病的时候，邻居们照顾了我。） 3. We should be friendly to our neighbours. （我们应该对邻居友好。） 4. If you need help, you can ask your neighbours for help. （如果你需要帮助，可以向邻居求助。） 5. My neighbour often lends me books from his collection. （我的邻居经常把他收藏的书借给我。） 6. We had a neighbourhood party last Sunday and everyone had a good time. （上周日我们举办了一场社区派对，每个人都玩得很开心。） 7. It's important to communicate with our neighbours regularly. （定期和邻居交流很重要。） 8. My neighbour helped me look after my pet when I was on holiday. （我度假的时候，邻居帮我照顾我的宠物。） 9. Thank you for your help, my dear neighbour. （谢谢你的帮助，我亲爱的邻居。） 10. We often work together to clean the community environment. （我们经常一起打扫社区环境。） （4）社区特征评价 1. Our neighbourhood is very safe and clean. （我们的社区非常安全干净。） 2. This is a convenient neighbourhood because there are many shops nearby. （这是一个方便的社区，因为附近有很多商店。） 3. I like my neighbourhood because it's quiet and beautiful. （我喜欢我的社区，因为它安静又美丽。） 4. The neighbourhood is a little noisy because it's near the main road. （这个社区有点吵，因为它靠近主干道。） 5. It's a new neighbourhood with modern buildings. （这是一个拥有现代化建筑的新社区。） 6. The people in this neighbourhood are very kind and helpful. （这个社区的人非常善良乐于助人。） 7. The community service in our neighbourhood is very good. （我们社区的社区服务非常好。） 8. I think this is the best neighbourhood in the city. （我认为这是这个城市最好的社区。） 9. The park in our neighbourhood is a good place to relax. （我们社区的公园是放松的好地方。） 10. There are not many facilities in this old neighbourhood. （这个老社区的设施不是很多。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 根据提示翻译句子 1. 我的社区附近有一家新的超市。（There be 句型；supermarket） 2. 邮局就在银行的对面。（across from；post office） 3. 周末，我和邻居们经常在花园聊天。（chat；garden；weekends） 4. 当我遇到困难时，我的邻居总是帮助我。（in trouble；neighbour） 5. 我们的社区既安静又舒适，我非常喜欢它。（quiet；comfortable；like） 三、优化策略 1. 略读策略——快速把握语篇主旨 适用场景：针对“Neighbourhood”主题的说明文（如介绍某社区的基本情况）、记叙文（如讲述一次邻里互助的故事）等语篇，需快速了解语篇核心内容时使用。 实施方法：阅读时重点关注语篇的标题、首段、末段以及每段的首句和末句。对于介绍社区的说明文，标题往往会直接点明主题（如“My Neighbourhood”“A Beautiful Community”），首段通常会概括社区的位置、整体特征等；对于邻里故事类记叙文，首段可能交代故事背景（时间、地点、人物），末段则可能总结故事的感悟或结果。在略读过程中，无需纠结于生词，只需抓取与“社区场所、人物、活动”相关的核心关键词，快速构建语篇的整体框架。 示例分析：阅读标题为“My Ideal Neighbourhood”的语篇，通过略读首段首句“I want to live in an ideal neighbourhood that is quiet and convenient”，可快速确定语篇主旨是作者对理想社区的描述，核心特征是“安静”和“方便”；再通过略读各段首句，能进一步了解作者理想社区中包含的场所（park, library, supermarket等）。 2. 寻读策略——精准定位关键信息 适用场景：完成阅读理解的细节理解题时使用，如题目询问“社区中某场所的位置”“社区活动的时间”“人物的行为”等具体信息。 实施方法：首先明确题目中的关键信息（如关键词、疑问词），然后带着这些信息快速浏览语篇，定位到包含关键信息的句子或段落。针对“Neighbourhood”主题，常见的关键信息类型包括：场所名称（如hospital, post office）、方位词（如near, next to, across from）、时间词（如every Saturday, yesterday）、人物名称（如Mr. Li, my neighbour）、动作词（如help, shop, chat）等。在寻读过程中，可对关键信息进行标记，方便后续核对答案。 示例分析：题目询问“Where is the community library?”，首先提取关键信息“community library”，然后快速在语篇中寻找该短语，定位到句子“The community library is on the right of the community center.”，即可直接得出答案。 3. 推理判断策略——解读隐含信息 适用场景：完成阅读理解的推理判断题时使用，如题目询问“作者对自己社区的态度”“邻里之间的关系如何”“某一社区服务的作用”等，这类信息往往不会直接在语篇中体现，需要结合语境推理判断。 实施方法：首先定位到与题目相关的语篇内容，然后结合上下文语境、常识以及主题相关的背景知识进行推理。对于“Neighbourhood”主题，推理时可重点关注语篇中描述人物情感、行为的词汇（如kind, helpful, happy, share, help）、描述社区特征的词汇（如safe, clean, convenient）以及表示逻辑关系的连接词（如because, so, but）。通过这些信息推断出作者的态度、邻里关系的性质、事件的原因或结果等隐含内容。 示例分析：语篇内容为“My neighbour often helps me with my homework. When my parents are not at home, she cooks for me. I feel very warm.”，题目询问“What is the relationship between the writer and the neighbour?”。结合语篇中“helps me with my homework”“cooks for me”“feel very warm”等信息，可推理出作者与邻居之间是友好、互助的关系。 4. 词汇猜测策略——攻克主题生词障碍 适用场景：阅读过程中遇到与“Neighbourhood”主题相关的生词（如场所类、人物类、特征类生词），无法准确理解词义时使用。 实施方法：主要通过上下文语境猜测词义，常见的语境线索包括：举例说明（如such as, for example）、同义替换（如that is, in other words）、反义对比（如but, however）、因果关系（如because, so）等。此外，还可结合主题相关的常识进行猜测，因为“Neighbourhood”主题的生词多与社区生活相关，结合生活常识往往能快速推断词义。 示例分析：语篇句子为“There is a bakeshop near my home, and we can buy bread, cakes and other pastries there.”，其中“bakeshop”是生词。结合后面的举例“buy bread, cakes and other pastries”（买面包、蛋糕和其他糕点），再结合生活常识，可猜测“bakeshop”的意思是“面包店”。再如句子“My neighbourhood is very tranquil, but the one near the road is noisy.”，通过反义对比词“but”以及已知词“noisy”（吵闹的），可猜测“tranquil”的意思是“安静的”。 5. 篇章结构分析策略——深化语篇理解 适用场景：需要理解语篇的逻辑关系、把握作者的写作思路时使用，尤其适用于“Neighbourhood”主题的说明文和议论文。 实施方法：阅读后梳理语篇的篇章结构，明确各段落之间的逻辑关系（如总分、分总、总分总、时间顺序、空间顺序、因果关系等）。对于介绍社区的说明文，常见的结构是“总分总”：首段总述社区的整体情况，中间段落分述社区的场所、服务、居民生活等细节，末段总结对社区的评价或感受；也可能采用“空间顺序”，按照从内到外、从左到右的顺序介绍社区内各场所的位置。对于讨论社区问题的议论文，常见的结构是“提出问题—分析问题—解决问题”。通过分析篇章结构，能够更清晰地理解语篇的逻辑层次，深化对语篇内容的理解。 示例分析：阅读语篇《Our Community》，首段总述“Our community is a big and warm family.”；中间两段分别介绍“社区内的场所”（supermarket, park, library）和“社区内的活动”（weekend parties, reading activities）；末段总结“I love our community because it makes me feel happy and safe.”。通过分析可知，该语篇采用“总分总”的篇章结构，各段落之间是总分、分总的逻辑关系，清晰地展现了社区的整体风貌和作者对社区的热爱。 ◇Part 03 阅读强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 In a bright and active neighbourhood, there were two neighbours with very different character traits. One was Mr. Jenkins, an old man who always seemed angry and unhappy about everything in his neighbourhood. Next to his house lived the young and lively Miller family with 10-year-old son named Ben. One sunny day, Ben wanted to set up a lemonade stand (柠檬水摊位) in his front yard. He was really excited because he thought he could make some money and have a good time. But Mr. Jenkins didn’t like it. He thought it was too noisy and there were too many kids around. Ben felt a bit sad, but he didn’t stop. A few days later, Ben had a great idea. He knew Mr. Jenkins liked reading. So, he gave free lemonade to anyone who brought an old newspaper for Mr. Jenkins. Many neighbours heard about this and came to bring newspapers. When Mr. Jenkins saw the pile of newspapers, he was very surprised. Ben walked over to him shyly and said, “Mr. Jenkins, we thought you might want more newspapers to read.” Mr. Jenkins’ angry face changed and he even smiled a little. After that, Mr. Jenkins often went to Ben’s lemonade stand. He would sit there, drink lemonade and chat with Ben and his friends. The old man now became an important part of the neighbourhood’s fun. This story tells us that with a little creativity, we can have good relationships with our neighbours, even if they seem very different from us. 1．What was Mr. Jenkins like at first? A．Angry and unhappy. B．Lively and surprised. C．Excited and noisy. D．Different and helpful. 2．What did Ben do to make Mr. Jenkins become different? A．Ben asked Mr. Jenkins to set up a lemonade stand. B．Ben gave Mr. Jenkins some free lemonade every day. C．Ben made people bring Mr. Jenkins old newspapers. D．Ben invited Mr. Jenkins to read piles of newspapers. 3．How did Mr. Jenkins change at the end of the story? A．He became more friendly to his neighbours. B．He liked to drink lemonade and chat with buyers. C．He started to sell newspapers at the lemonade stand. D．He did a lot of volunteering work in the neighbourhood. 2 Dear Amy, Today I want to tell you something about my neighborhood. I live on a big street. To the left of my house is a big park. The police station is across from my house. There is a hotel to the left of the park. Between the hotel and a Japanese restaurant there is a small bank. A big supermarket is across from the Japanese restaurant. On weekends, my family often plays sports in the park. My mother often shops in the supermarket. What about your neighborhood? Julia Dear Julia, I live on a small street. My house is in the middle of the street. In front of my house there is a small supermarket. To the left of the supermarket is a library and to the right of the supermarket is a post office. A bank is across from the post office. Behind my house there is a small park with a few trees and a small garden. At the end of my street there is a hill with lots of trees. On weekends, my family often climbs the hill. It takes us about 15 minutes to walk there from our house. Amy 4．Julia’s house is across from ________. A．the post office B．the police station C．the supermarket D．the bank 5．________is between Julia’s house and the hotel. A．The park B．The bank C．The supermarket D．The restaurant 6．Julia’s family often________ in the park on weekends. A．reads books B．eats lunch C．plays sports D．takes photos 7．What’s Amy’s neighborhood like? A． B． C． D． 8．It’s about________ from Amy’s house to the hill. A．ten minutes’ walk B．ten minutes’ bus ride C．fifteen minutes’ walk D．fifteen minutes’ bus ride 3 Now many young people in China like community canteens. The canteens were open to old people at first. Some of them are too old and they can’t cook. But now many young people can’t cook, so they become the old people’s meal friends in the canteens. Fang Wenjing is a young woman from Hangzhou. She likes to order a healthy lunch for only 20 yuan in a community canteen. It includes a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice. “The dishes have a home-cooked taste. The canteen is also clean,” says Fang. Community canteens meet the needs of young people in many ways. Some canteens in Hangzhou have meals including a main dish, a side dish (配菜), a bowl of rice, soup and fruit salad. A community canteen in Zhejiang even makes “blind boxes (盲盒)”. Each of them is just 6 yuan but it has rice, one meat dish and one vegetable dish. People are interested in them so the “blind boxes” often sell out quickly. The community canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community even has self-service meals (自助餐). You can choose food and dishes yourself and pay for the meal. The dishes there are just 2.48 yuan /100g. The price (价格) is very good. Many people there give up restaurants but go there to eat. 9．Why does Fang Wenjing like eating in the community canteen? A．Because she doesn’t like cooking. B．Because the food there tastes nice. C．Because it has over eight kinds of food. D．Because she can meet many friends there. 10．Which of the following is probably the writer’s idea? A．Young people should give old people support and help. B．Young people should be encouraged to cook at home. C．Community canteens will have many problems in the future. D．Community canteens play an important part in people’s daily life. 11．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To tell us where we can eat food at good prices. B．To introduce a popular kind of eating place to us. C．To ask us to taste delicious food in different places. D．To tell us how to make a community canteen popular. 4 ①Mary entered her new house on a very hot day last August. She was trying to carry all of her things into the house, but it was quite difficult for her. After working for one hour and a half, she stopped for a rest. ② “I need to have a drink,” she thought. Then Mary saw a glass of water in front of her. ③ “Here you are. You look so tired,” a sweet voice said. ④Mary looked up and saw a pretty girl in a purple skirt, smiling to her. ⑤ “Thanks!” she answered when she took the glass and drank the water. ⑥ “It seems that you need some help,” said the girl. Then she began to help carry some of the boxes into the house. Mary was very surprised at it, because the boxes were both heavy and dirty. ⑦Half an hour later, all the boxes were inside the house. Mary thanked the girl again and again, and the girl said that neighbours should help each other. At that time Mary knew that the girl was called Alice. She was a college student and lived on the other side of the street. ⑧Mary thought that she was very lucky to meet Alice when she got to the new neighbourhood on the first day. It made her feel warm and hopeful to start her new life here. 12．How long did Mary spend carrying all the things into the house? A．An hour. B．Half an hour. C．Two hours. D．One and a half hours. 13．What can we learn from Paragraph 7? A．Alice lived next to Mary. B．Alice was very thankful to Mary. C．Alice was a middle school student. D．Alice was Mary’s neighbour and was very helpful. 14．Which is the RIGHT order of the things according to the passage? a. Mary thanked Alice again and again.          b. Mary got to the neighbourhood.     c. Mary took the glass of water and drank.     d. Alice helped Mary carry things. e. Mary looked up and saw a pretty girl smiling to her. A．a-c-b-d-e B．b-c-e-a-d C．a-b-e-d-c D．b-e-c-d-a 15．How did Mary feel after meeting her new friend Alice? A．Tired and unhappy. B．Warm and hopeful. C．Unlucky and sad. D．Surprised and excited. 5 Living close to neighbours can sometimes lead to problems. What can we do to solve them? Here are a few examples. We can see that neighbours should try to understand each other and work to make a nice neighbourhood. ● Loud Music John loves to play music loudly late at night, but his neighbour Mrs Smith doesn’t like it. She has problems sleeping. Mrs Smith can politely ask John to stop playing loud music at night. John can use headphones or play music in daytime. ● Parking Problem Mark parks his car in his neighbour’s driveway (私人车道). It stops his neighbour from going out into the street. Mark should park his car in a right place and say sorry to his neighbour. ● Pet Problem Lucy’s dog is always barking (吠叫). It makes her neighbours angry. Lucy can put her dog at her friend’s home when she is away for a long time. She can also train the dog and keep it quiet when she is at home. ● Boundary (边界) Problem Two neighbours don’t agree with the boundary. They both think they own the open space between their houses. They can ask another person to be the mediator (调停者), talk with them and then reach an agreement. 16．How many neighbourhood problems can you find in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 17．Which is a way for John to deal with his problem? A．Never playing music again. B．Asking his neighbour to leave. C．Moving to another place. D．Playing music in daytime. 18．Where can people park their cars? A．In their neighbour’s yard. B．In the right side of the street. C．In a parking place. D．In another person’s driveway. 19．Why are Lucy’s neighbours angry? A．Lucy’s dog makes much noise. B．Lucy’s dog is running everywhere. C．Lucy is not at home most of the time. D．Lucy’s dog makes kids afraid. 20．What kind of person can be a mediator? A．Someone who doesn’t talk much. B．Someone who loves pets. C．Someone who is a police officer. D．Someone who is good at listening. 6 If there was an empty lot (一块空地) in your neighborhood (街区), what would you want to turn it into? My classmates and I have turned such an empty lot into a place of hope. The empty lot in our neighborhood was full of wild grass. As a project for our geography class, we wanted to change the lot. We hoped it could become a place to improve (改善) people’s mental (心理的) health. After weeks of designing, researching and making models (模型), we began our plans. Now the lot is a different place. There is a wood walkway with purple benches (长椅). Kids like the relaxing color, and they come to sit together and make friends.   A few beautiful plants grow in the ground. There is also a bright blue hopscotch (跳房子游戏) board. We make it for a group of 8 to 10 school-aged kids who have no places to play in the neighborhood. And you can see a white wall painting with red words like “Love” and “Peace”. Now, the lot gives the neighborhood hope and beauty. More people love the neighborhood and have great hopes for things of the future. 21．We make the bench ________ to make people relaxed. A．red B．white C．purple D．blue 22．Who is the hopscotch board for? A．All school-aged kids. B．All the people living there. C．A group of students. D．Kids from 8 to 10 years old. 23．What word can best describe (描述) the students? A．Helpful. B．Strict. C．Polite. D．Happy. 24．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．Our Beautiful Neighborhood B．My Classmates and I C．Froman Empty Lot to a Hope One D．The Power of Plants 7 Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on (依靠) one another. So lots of special people in communities are ready to lend a helping hand to anyone. For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a home catches on fire, as the Jackson’s place did last week, it might be broken down and people get hurt or worse. We’re so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire. If the firemen hadn’t come so fast, the Jacksons might have lost everything. And what about our local police? The police have helped so many families, especially saving people and pets after the heavy rains. Think about all the other service (服务) workers we have in this community. Some people collect waste and rubbish (垃圾) and keep our community clean. Some people repair traffic lights and holes (洞) in the streets for not just us, but our cars! And what would this community be without the teachers in our school, the doctors and nurses in our community hospitals? Think again about what we eat every day; think again about what we wear every day. We cannot make them, but we use them all the time. We get a lot from all these workers. We need these people in the community. We depend on each other. Let’s support and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place. 25．What happened to the Jacksons last week? A．They lost their pets. B．They had a house fire. C．They broke their car. D．They built a new house. 26．Who help people after the heavy rains? A．Firemen. B．Doctors. C．Road workers. D．Local police. 27．What does the underlined (画线的) word “repair” probably mean? A．Fix. B．Grow. C．Post. D．Pull. 28．What is the purpose (目的) of the text? A．To make people laugh. B．To make our community a better place. C．To introduce ways of shopping. D．To show communication skills. 29．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．Policemen Save People’s Lives B．Service Workers Do Important Jobs C．People Depend on Each Other D．Workers Keep Communities Running 8 When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors (邻居), because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbors. But what kind of neighbor is good? The answers are different from people to people. Here are my answers. First, it is very important to respect (尊重) each other. If our neighbor tries to know more about our life, what will we feel? He or she may also talk with others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her? The answer is “No”. We will feel very sad to have this kind of neighbor and move away quickly. Next, a good neighbor is always ready to help when we need him or her. For example, if we are not at home, our good neighbor will watch our house for us. Finally, a good neighbor should love the environment (环境). He or she never puts rubbish here and there. Good neighbors should keep the place clean, because the good environment can make us comfortable (舒适) and happy. I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life. 30．Why do we want to have nice neighbors? A．Because they can make us feel happy. B．Because they can tell interesting stories. C．Because they can share (分享) food with us. D．Because it is helpful to live with good neighbors. 31．What will not a good neighbor do? A．He or she will respect your life. B．He or she will keep the place clean. C．He or she will try to know more about your life. D．He or she will help watch your house when you are not at home. 32．Which of the following is right? A．People are all good neighbors. B．People all have good neighbors. C．People should learn to be good neighbors. D．People all know how to be good neighbors. 33．Which one is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 34．What is the best title for this passage? A．My neighbors B．I have some good neighbors C．Different kinds of neighbors D．What kind of neighbor is good 9 The Robinsons move into the neighbourhood in July. It is very hot. They see the notice about the community club. Mrs. Robinson says, “That is good. I want to live in a safe community.” The next day, Jimmy Robinson and Jerome Robinson are outside playing. They are playing baseball. Adam comes to play with them. He says, “I’m glad to have someone to play ball with.” He lives just across the street. Jimmy hits it hard. It goes into the neighbour’s garden. He says, “I’ll go to get it. Wait for me here.” “No, don’t go there.” says Adam, “That’s where Mr. James lives. He is the head of the community club. He will be angry. We mustn’t play baseball on the street. We should go to the park to play baseball.” “But my mother will be angry if I lose our ball.” Jimmy says. So he goes to the neighbour’s garden to get the ball. A tall man comes out of the house just as he gets to the ball. “Who are you and what are you doing here?” he asks. “I’m Jimmy Robinson, and I come to get my baseball. I’m sorry I hit it here. I don’t know the rule (规则).” “OK. You can get it this time. But remember, we all need to follow the rules in this community. The rules help us have a good and safe place to live. If you want to play ball, go to the park!” Jimmy runs back with the ball. Adam and Jerome are glad to see him. “That’s my brave brother.” says Jerome. Just then their mother comes outside. “Mr. James calls me. He says he wants to help us understand the rules of the community.” 35．In which picture are Adam’s and the Robinsons’ houses? A． B． C． D． 36．What’s the correct order (顺序) according to the article? ① Jimmy gets his ball back. ② Mr. James talks to Jimmy about the rules. ③ Three children play baseball on the street. ④ Mrs. Robinson gets a call from Mr. James. ⑤ The Robinsons move into a new community. A．①③②⑤④ B．①③②④⑤ C．⑤③②①④ D．⑤①③④② 37．What’s the best title of the article? A．Mr. James’s rules B．Jimmy and his ball C．A community club D．The new community 38．What may happen next? A．The two brothers will be afraid to go out. B．The two brothers will say sorry to Mr. James. C．Mrs.Robinson will be angry with Mr. James. D．Mrs. Robinson will teach the kids to play baseball. 10      A neighbourhood party is a great way to raise money, to celebrate a holiday, or to get to know the people in your neighbourhood. There’s no better way to bring the community together than to hold a party! Before you begin, . Churches (教堂) or community centers are good places for neighbourhood activities. If the weather is nice, many people like to have the party outside. It could be at a park or on a street that you need to book ahead of time (提前预定). Next, . Volunteers are important for making sure the party runs smoothly. Get enough people to help tell others about the party, plan the party, and clean up after the party. A volunteer can post flyers (传单) or pass out cards to people in the neighborhood. During the party, . Many parties have activities for kids, like relay races (接力赛) or face painting. At most parties, people will find food and drinks. The best part of the parties is when everyone brings something to share. After all, that’s what being part of a neighbourhood is about! 39．Who may be interested in this passage? A．Neighbours’ friends. B．Children in the community. C．Volunteers at the party. D．New families in the community. 40．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．How to celebrate a holiday. B．How to hold a neighbourhood party. C．What the neighbourhood party is for. D．What to do at the neighbourhood party. 41．The correct order (顺序) of the following sentences for , and should be __________. a. ask your friends and neighbours to help b. you first need to decide where to have the party c. be sure to have lots of things to do A．b-c-a B．b-a-c C．a-b-c D．a-c-b 11 Do you care about your neighborhood? Joseph Beer really cares about his neighborhood. Last summer holiday, the 15-year-old boy found he had lots of time in hands. However, he didn’t spend his time playing video games or watching films. He did some things meaningful for his neighborhood. The outdoor areas in Joseph’s neighborhood were not in good condition. Some road signs were dirty and some were covered with branches. Seeing this, Joseph decided to clean the signs and cut down the branches. According to his mom, Joseph would go out in the morning, spend all day going around the neighborhood and tidying things up. He wouldn’t go home until late in the evening, and he would do it again the next day. He was tired but happy. After some time, people in his neighborhood saw his hard work. They shared before-and-after photos of the signs he had cleaned online. Many people were touched by his simple act of kindness. They were so thankful that they even gave away money to him. However, Joseph didn’t spend the money on new tools or even something for himself. He donated it to a local food bank for families in need. Joseph is happy to see their tidy neighborhood. For him, that is the best payoff for his hard work. It gives him a strong feeling of satisfaction and he plans to keep going. 42．What can we know about the neighborhood from paragraph 2? A．It was beautiful. B．It wasn’t tidy. C．It was crowded. D．It was popular. 43．When did Joseph go home after tiding things up in the neighborhood? A．In the morning. B．At noon. C．In the afternoon. D．In the evening. 44．How did Joseph deal with the money he got? A．By buying some tools. B．By donating it to others. C．By buying something for himself. D．By giving it to his family. 45．What does the underlined word “payoff” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Return. B．Deal. C．Journey. D．Sign. 46．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A nice neighborhood. B．A group of kind people. C．How to help the people in need. D．Joseph’s action to care about the neighborhood. 12 Last Summer Maria and her mom moved from the countryside to a tall building in the city. Maria really liked many things about the city, but she missed her house and yard (院子) in the countryside. One day Maria was in her room when she saw her neighbor, Mrs. Garcia, carrying a gardening tool (园林工具) and a bag of soil. Maria wanted to know how Mrs. Garcia could garden in the city. She went out and met her. “My mom can grow the most delicious vegetables, and I know she misses her garden, but we don’t have a yard,” said Maria. Mrs. Garcia laughed and said, “I’ll show you,” she said. Maria thought Mrs. Garcia would take her to a park or somewhere else, but she took her to the roof (房顶). When the door opened, Maria was surprised to see so many flowers and vegetables on the roof. “What an excellent garden!” said Maria. Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was an empty (空的) place. Then some of the people in the building asked the owners to turn it into a garden. The building owners liked the idea because the plants not only (不但) helped to keep the air clean, but also (而且) they helped to keep the buildings cool in hot weather. “I plant flowers in my garden,” Mrs. Garcia said, “but you will be surprised how different the plants are up here. Some people grow vegetables just like your mom. You can do some of the same things in the city as in the countryside.” 47．Which of the following is NOT the advantage (好处) of the garden on the roof? A．It used the empty place well. B．It helped to keep the air clean. C．It helped to keep the buildings cool. D．It made the building clean. 48．After Maria visited the garden on the roof, she would probably (可能) ask her mom_________. A．go back to the countryside B．pick flowers from the garden C．grow vegetables on the roof D．show her around the park 49．From the passage we can know _________. A．why Maria and her mom moved into the city B．what Mrs. Garcia planted in her roof garden C．how Maria and her mom moved to the city D．Maria didn’t like the city live at all 50．The word “it” in paragraph7 refers to (指的是) _________. A．the roof B．the garden C．the building D．the park ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期七年级英语单元知识基础巩固(译林版2024) Unit 2 Neighbourhood阅读策略 目录 第一部分 阅读主题阐释锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 词句策略积累用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 阅读强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 阅读主题阐释 “Neighbourhood”作为七年级英语下册Unit 2的核心阅读主题，围绕社区及周边环境展开，涵盖社区内的场所、人物、日常活动、邻里互动等核心内容，旨在引导学生了解社区构成，学会用英语描述社区相关事物，同时培养对社区的认同感与责任感，提升跨文化交际中对不同社区文化的认知与理解能力。 1. 主题内涵 “Neighbourhood”主题的核心内涵是围绕社区及周边环境形成的生活场景与人际关系网络，具体包括社区内的各类场所（如居住场所、服务场所、休闲场所等）、社区中的人物角色（居民、工作人员等）、社区内的日常活动（购物、就医、休闲、求助等）以及邻里之间的互助与交往。通过该主题的阅读，学生能够构建起对“社区”这一生活空间的完整认知，理解社区在日常生活中的重要作用。 例： There is a small supermarket near my neighbourhood, and we can buy daily necessities there. My neighbours often help each other when someone is in trouble. 2. 素养体现 该主题阅读主要体现学生的语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力四大核心素养。语言能力上，侧重培养学生获取社区相关信息（如场所位置、服务内容、活动安排等）的阅读能力，以及用英语描述社区的表达能力；文化意识上，引导学生了解中西方社区文化的异同，如社区服务模式、邻里交往方式等；思维品质上，通过分析阅读语篇中社区问题的解决方案、邻里互动的逻辑关系，培养学生的逻辑推理与分析判断能力；学习能力上，鼓励学生通过梳理社区相关词汇、句式，总结阅读技巧，提升自主学习与知识迁移能力。 3. 策略要求 针对“Neighbourhood”主题的阅读，需掌握以下核心策略：一是略读策略，快速浏览语篇，抓住语篇主旨（如介绍某社区的特色、讲述一次邻里互助的故事等）；二是寻读策略，根据题目要求，精准定位语篇中与社区场所、人物、活动相关的关键信息（如位置介词、场所名称、时间状语等）；三是推理判断策略，结合语篇语境，推断邻里之间的情感态度、某一社区服务的作用等隐含信息；四是词汇猜测策略，利用上下文语境（如举例、解释、同义替换等）猜测社区相关生词的含义。 4. 文化品质 该主题蕴含丰富的文化品质，主要体现在中西方社区文化的共性与差异上。共性方面，中西方社区都重视邻里之间的友好交往与互助合作，都拥有满足居民基本生活需求的服务设施；差异方面，西方社区更注重个人隐私，邻里交往相对独立，社区服务多由专业机构主导，而中国社区更强调邻里和睦、互帮互助的氛围，社区居委会在社区服务中发挥重要作用。通过阅读，学生能够尊重不同的社区文化，增强跨文化交际的敏感性。 ◇Part 02 词句策略积累 一、主题词汇 （1）社区场所 neighbourhood 社区；community 社区；house 房子；flat 公寓；apartment 公寓（美式）；building 建筑物；block 街区；street 街道；road 道路；avenue 大道（美式）；lane 小巷；square 广场；park 公园；garden 花园；supermarket 超市；shop 商店；store 商店（美式）；bookstore 书店；restaurant 餐馆；cafe 咖啡馆；hospital 医院；clinic 诊所；school 学校；library 图书馆；bank 银行；post office 邮局；police station 警察局；fire station 消防站；community center 社区中心；gym 体育馆；cinema 电影院；theatre 剧院（英式）；gas station 加油站 （2）人物相关 neighbour 邻居；resident 居民；doctor 医生；nurse 护士；teacher 教师；student 学生；shopkeeper 店主；cashier 收银员；policeman 警察；policewoman 女警察；firefighter 消防员；postman 邮递员；bank clerk 银行职员；cleaner 清洁工；gardener 园丁；driver 司机；cook 厨师 （3）动作与互动 live 居住；stay 停留；work 工作；study 学习；shop 购物；buy 买；sell 卖；eat 吃；drink 喝；help 帮助；assist 协助；visit 拜访；greet 问候；chat 聊天；communicate 交流；share 分享；borrow 借（入）；lend 借（出）；repair 修理；clean 打扫；protect 保护；build 建造 （4）方位与距离 near 在……附近；next to 紧挨着；beside 在……旁边；between 在……之间；among 在……之中；in front of 在……前面；behind 在……后面；across from 在……对面；opposite 在……对面；on the left of 在……左边；on the right of 在……右边；far from 远离；close to 靠近；around the corner 在拐角处；down the street 沿着街道 （5）特征描述 big 大的；small 小的；new 新的；old 旧的；clean 干净的；dirty 脏的；quiet 安静的；noisy 吵闹的；beautiful 美丽的；ugly 丑陋的；safe 安全的；dangerous 危险的；convenient 方便的；comfortable 舒适的；crowded 拥挤的；empty 空的 二、主题句式 （1）描述场所位置 1. There is a supermarket near my neighbourhood. （我的社区附近有一家超市。） 2. There are two parks in our community. （我们社区有两个公园。） 3. The post office is next to the bank. （邮局紧挨着银行。） 4. The hospital is across from the school. （医院在学校对面。） 5. There is a bookstore between the restaurant and the cafe. （餐馆和咖啡馆之间有一家书店。） 6. The library is on the left of the community center. （图书馆在社区中心的左边。） 7. My house is behind the park. （我的房子在公园后面。） 8. The gym is around the corner of the street. （体育馆在街道的拐角处。） 9. Is there a cinema near here? （这附近有电影院吗？） 10. Where is the nearest shop? （最近的商店在哪里？） （2）描述社区生活与活动 1. I live in a quiet neighbourhood. （我住在一个安静的社区。） 2. My family has lived here for three years. （我们家在这里住了三年了。） 3. People in our community often go to the park to exercise in the morning. （我们社区的人早上经常去公园锻炼。） 4. I usually buy snacks from the shop down the street. （我通常从沿街的商店买零食。） 5. My neighbours and I often chat in the garden on weekends. （我和邻居们周末经常在花园聊天。） 6. The community center holds a reading activity every Saturday. （社区中心每周六举办阅读活动。） 7. We often share our homemade food with each other. （我们经常互相分享自制的食物。） 8. My father works in a bank near our neighbourhood. （我爸爸在我们社区附近的一家银行工作。） 9. I go to school by bike because it's close to my home. （我骑自行车上学，因为它离我家很近。） 10. Many children play football in the square after school. （很多孩子放学后在广场踢足球。） （3）邻里互助与交往 1. My neighbour helped me repair my bike yesterday. （昨天我的邻居帮我修理了自行车。） 2. When I was ill, my neighbours took care of me. （我生病的时候，邻居们照顾了我。） 3. We should be friendly to our neighbours. （我们应该对邻居友好。） 4. If you need help, you can ask your neighbours for help. （如果你需要帮助，可以向邻居求助。） 5. My neighbour often lends me books from his collection. （我的邻居经常把他收藏的书借给我。） 6. We had a neighbourhood party last Sunday and everyone had a good time. （上周日我们举办了一场社区派对，每个人都玩得很开心。） 7. It's important to communicate with our neighbours regularly. （定期和邻居交流很重要。） 8. My neighbour helped me look after my pet when I was on holiday. （我度假的时候，邻居帮我照顾我的宠物。） 9. Thank you for your help, my dear neighbour. （谢谢你的帮助，我亲爱的邻居。） 10. We often work together to clean the community environment. （我们经常一起打扫社区环境。） （4）社区特征评价 1. Our neighbourhood is very safe and clean. （我们的社区非常安全干净。） 2. This is a convenient neighbourhood because there are many shops nearby. （这是一个方便的社区，因为附近有很多商店。） 3. I like my neighbourhood because it's quiet and beautiful. （我喜欢我的社区，因为它安静又美丽。） 4. The neighbourhood is a little noisy because it's near the main road. （这个社区有点吵，因为它靠近主干道。） 5. It's a new neighbourhood with modern buildings. （这是一个拥有现代化建筑的新社区。） 6. The people in this neighbourhood are very kind and helpful. （这个社区的人非常善良乐于助人。） 7. The community service in our neighbourhood is very good. （我们社区的社区服务非常好。） 8. I think this is the best neighbourhood in the city. （我认为这是这个城市最好的社区。） 9. The park in our neighbourhood is a good place to relax. （我们社区的公园是放松的好地方。） 10. There are not many facilities in this old neighbourhood. （这个老社区的设施不是很多。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 根据提示翻译句子 1. 我的社区附近有一家新的超市。（There be 句型；supermarket） 2. 邮局就在银行的对面。（across from；post office） 3. 周末，我和邻居们经常在花园聊天。（chat；garden；weekends） 4. 当我遇到困难时，我的邻居总是帮助我。（in trouble；neighbour） 5. 我们的社区既安静又舒适，我非常喜欢它。（quiet；comfortable；like） 答案与解析 1.There is a new supermarket near my neighbourhood. 【解析】本题考查There be 句型的用法，be动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，“a new supermarket”是单数，故用is；“社区附近”翻译为“near my neighbourhood”，符合主题方位类词汇的应用。 2.The post office is across from the bank. 【解析】本题考查方位句式“be across from”（在……对面），“邮局”是“post office”，“银行”是“bank”，均为主题场所类核心词汇，句子为主系表结构，主语“the post office”是单数，be动词用is。 3.On weekends, my neighbours and I often chat in the garden. 【解析】本题考查频率副词与动作类词汇的搭配，“周末”是“on weekends”（注意首字母大写），“邻居们”是“neighbours”，“聊天”是“chat”，“在花园”是“in the garden”；主语是复数，且句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形chat。 4.When I am in trouble, my neighbour always helps me. 【解析】本题考查时间状语从句与互助类词汇，“当……时”用“when”引导从句，“遇到困难”是“be in trouble”，主语I对应的be动词用am；“邻居”是“neighbour”，“帮助”是“help”，主语my neighbour是单数，一般现在时中谓语动词用helps。 5.Our neighbourhood is quiet and comfortable, and I like it very much. 【解析】本题考查特征描述类词汇的应用，“安静的”是“quiet”，“舒适的”是“comfortable”，用and连接两个并列形容词作表语；“我们的社区”是“our neighbourhood”，主语是单数，be动词用is；“非常喜欢”是“like...very much”，符合主题评价类句式结构。 三、优化策略 1. 略读策略——快速把握语篇主旨 适用场景：针对“Neighbourhood”主题的说明文（如介绍某社区的基本情况）、记叙文（如讲述一次邻里互助的故事）等语篇，需快速了解语篇核心内容时使用。 实施方法：阅读时重点关注语篇的标题、首段、末段以及每段的首句和末句。对于介绍社区的说明文，标题往往会直接点明主题（如“My Neighbourhood”“A Beautiful Community”），首段通常会概括社区的位置、整体特征等；对于邻里故事类记叙文，首段可能交代故事背景（时间、地点、人物），末段则可能总结故事的感悟或结果。在略读过程中，无需纠结于生词，只需抓取与“社区场所、人物、活动”相关的核心关键词，快速构建语篇的整体框架。 示例分析：阅读标题为“My Ideal Neighbourhood”的语篇，通过略读首段首句“I want to live in an ideal neighbourhood that is quiet and convenient”，可快速确定语篇主旨是作者对理想社区的描述，核心特征是“安静”和“方便”；再通过略读各段首句，能进一步了解作者理想社区中包含的场所（park, library, supermarket等）。 2. 寻读策略——精准定位关键信息 适用场景：完成阅读理解的细节理解题时使用，如题目询问“社区中某场所的位置”“社区活动的时间”“人物的行为”等具体信息。 实施方法：首先明确题目中的关键信息（如关键词、疑问词），然后带着这些信息快速浏览语篇，定位到包含关键信息的句子或段落。针对“Neighbourhood”主题，常见的关键信息类型包括：场所名称（如hospital, post office）、方位词（如near, next to, across from）、时间词（如every Saturday, yesterday）、人物名称（如Mr. Li, my neighbour）、动作词（如help, shop, chat）等。在寻读过程中，可对关键信息进行标记，方便后续核对答案。 示例分析：题目询问“Where is the community library?”，首先提取关键信息“community library”，然后快速在语篇中寻找该短语，定位到句子“The community library is on the right of the community center.”，即可直接得出答案。 3. 推理判断策略——解读隐含信息 适用场景：完成阅读理解的推理判断题时使用，如题目询问“作者对自己社区的态度”“邻里之间的关系如何”“某一社区服务的作用”等，这类信息往往不会直接在语篇中体现，需要结合语境推理判断。 实施方法：首先定位到与题目相关的语篇内容，然后结合上下文语境、常识以及主题相关的背景知识进行推理。对于“Neighbourhood”主题，推理时可重点关注语篇中描述人物情感、行为的词汇（如kind, helpful, happy, share, help）、描述社区特征的词汇（如safe, clean, convenient）以及表示逻辑关系的连接词（如because, so, but）。通过这些信息推断出作者的态度、邻里关系的性质、事件的原因或结果等隐含内容。 示例分析：语篇内容为“My neighbour often helps me with my homework. When my parents are not at home, she cooks for me. I feel very warm.”，题目询问“What is the relationship between the writer and the neighbour?”。结合语篇中“helps me with my homework”“cooks for me”“feel very warm”等信息，可推理出作者与邻居之间是友好、互助的关系。 4. 词汇猜测策略——攻克主题生词障碍 适用场景：阅读过程中遇到与“Neighbourhood”主题相关的生词（如场所类、人物类、特征类生词），无法准确理解词义时使用。 实施方法：主要通过上下文语境猜测词义，常见的语境线索包括：举例说明（如such as, for example）、同义替换（如that is, in other words）、反义对比（如but, however）、因果关系（如because, so）等。此外，还可结合主题相关的常识进行猜测，因为“Neighbourhood”主题的生词多与社区生活相关，结合生活常识往往能快速推断词义。 示例分析：语篇句子为“There is a bakeshop near my home, and we can buy bread, cakes and other pastries there.”，其中“bakeshop”是生词。结合后面的举例“buy bread, cakes and other pastries”（买面包、蛋糕和其他糕点），再结合生活常识，可猜测“bakeshop”的意思是“面包店”。再如句子“My neighbourhood is very tranquil, but the one near the road is noisy.”，通过反义对比词“but”以及已知词“noisy”（吵闹的），可猜测“tranquil”的意思是“安静的”。 5. 篇章结构分析策略——深化语篇理解 适用场景：需要理解语篇的逻辑关系、把握作者的写作思路时使用，尤其适用于“Neighbourhood”主题的说明文和议论文。 实施方法：阅读后梳理语篇的篇章结构，明确各段落之间的逻辑关系（如总分、分总、总分总、时间顺序、空间顺序、因果关系等）。对于介绍社区的说明文，常见的结构是“总分总”：首段总述社区的整体情况，中间段落分述社区的场所、服务、居民生活等细节，末段总结对社区的评价或感受；也可能采用“空间顺序”，按照从内到外、从左到右的顺序介绍社区内各场所的位置。对于讨论社区问题的议论文，常见的结构是“提出问题—分析问题—解决问题”。通过分析篇章结构，能够更清晰地理解语篇的逻辑层次，深化对语篇内容的理解。 示例分析：阅读语篇《Our Community》，首段总述“Our community is a big and warm family.”；中间两段分别介绍“社区内的场所”（supermarket, park, library）和“社区内的活动”（weekend parties, reading activities）；末段总结“I love our community because it makes me feel happy and safe.”。通过分析可知，该语篇采用“总分总”的篇章结构，各段落之间是总分、分总的逻辑关系，清晰地展现了社区的整体风貌和作者对社区的热爱。 ◇Part 03 阅读强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 In a bright and active neighbourhood, there were two neighbours with very different character traits. One was Mr. Jenkins, an old man who always seemed angry and unhappy about everything in his neighbourhood. Next to his house lived the young and lively Miller family with 10-year-old son named Ben. One sunny day, Ben wanted to set up a lemonade stand (柠檬水摊位) in his front yard. He was really excited because he thought he could make some money and have a good time. But Mr. Jenkins didn’t like it. He thought it was too noisy and there were too many kids around. Ben felt a bit sad, but he didn’t stop. A few days later, Ben had a great idea. He knew Mr. Jenkins liked reading. So, he gave free lemonade to anyone who brought an old newspaper for Mr. Jenkins. Many neighbours heard about this and came to bring newspapers. When Mr. Jenkins saw the pile of newspapers, he was very surprised. Ben walked over to him shyly and said, “Mr. Jenkins, we thought you might want more newspapers to read.” Mr. Jenkins’ angry face changed and he even smiled a little. After that, Mr. Jenkins often went to Ben’s lemonade stand. He would sit there, drink lemonade and chat with Ben and his friends. The old man now became an important part of the neighbourhood’s fun. This story tells us that with a little creativity, we can have good relationships with our neighbours, even if they seem very different from us. 1．What was Mr. Jenkins like at first? A．Angry and unhappy. B．Lively and surprised. C．Excited and noisy. D．Different and helpful. 2．What did Ben do to make Mr. Jenkins become different? A．Ben asked Mr. Jenkins to set up a lemonade stand. B．Ben gave Mr. Jenkins some free lemonade every day. C．Ben made people bring Mr. Jenkins old newspapers. D．Ben invited Mr. Jenkins to read piles of newspapers. 3．How did Mr. Jenkins change at the end of the story? A．He became more friendly to his neighbours. B．He liked to drink lemonade and chat with buyers. C．He started to sell newspapers at the lemonade stand. D．He did a lot of volunteering work in the neighbourhood. 2 Dear Amy, Today I want to tell you something about my neighborhood. I live on a big street. To the left of my house is a big park. The police station is across from my house. There is a hotel to the left of the park. Between the hotel and a Japanese restaurant there is a small bank. A big supermarket is across from the Japanese restaurant. On weekends, my family often plays sports in the park. My mother often shops in the supermarket. What about your neighborhood? Julia Dear Julia, I live on a small street. My house is in the middle of the street. In front of my house there is a small supermarket. To the left of the supermarket is a library and to the right of the supermarket is a post office. A bank is across from the post office. Behind my house there is a small park with a few trees and a small garden. At the end of my street there is a hill with lots of trees. On weekends, my family often climbs the hill. It takes us about 15 minutes to walk there from our house. Amy 4．Julia’s house is across from ________. A．the post office B．the police station C．the supermarket D．the bank 5．________is between Julia’s house and the hotel. A．The park B．The bank C．The supermarket D．The restaurant 6．Julia’s family often________ in the park on weekends. A．reads books B．eats lunch C．plays sports D．takes photos 7．What’s Amy’s neighborhood like? A． B． C． D． 8．It’s about________ from Amy’s house to the hill. A．ten minutes’ walk B．ten minutes’ bus ride C．fifteen minutes’ walk D．fifteen minutes’ bus ride 3 Now many young people in China like community canteens. The canteens were open to old people at first. Some of them are too old and they can’t cook. But now many young people can’t cook, so they become the old people’s meal friends in the canteens. Fang Wenjing is a young woman from Hangzhou. She likes to order a healthy lunch for only 20 yuan in a community canteen. It includes a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice. “The dishes have a home-cooked taste. The canteen is also clean,” says Fang. Community canteens meet the needs of young people in many ways. Some canteens in Hangzhou have meals including a main dish, a side dish (配菜), a bowl of rice, soup and fruit salad. A community canteen in Zhejiang even makes “blind boxes (盲盒)”. Each of them is just 6 yuan but it has rice, one meat dish and one vegetable dish. People are interested in them so the “blind boxes” often sell out quickly. The community canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community even has self-service meals (自助餐). You can choose food and dishes yourself and pay for the meal. The dishes there are just 2.48 yuan /100g. The price (价格) is very good. Many people there give up restaurants but go there to eat. 9．Why does Fang Wenjing like eating in the community canteen? A．Because she doesn’t like cooking. B．Because the food there tastes nice. C．Because it has over eight kinds of food. D．Because she can meet many friends there. 10．Which of the following is probably the writer’s idea? A．Young people should give old people support and help. B．Young people should be encouraged to cook at home. C．Community canteens will have many problems in the future. D．Community canteens play an important part in people’s daily life. 11．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To tell us where we can eat food at good prices. B．To introduce a popular kind of eating place to us. C．To ask us to taste delicious food in different places. D．To tell us how to make a community canteen popular. 4 ①Mary entered her new house on a very hot day last August. She was trying to carry all of her things into the house, but it was quite difficult for her. After working for one hour and a half, she stopped for a rest. ② “I need to have a drink,” she thought. Then Mary saw a glass of water in front of her. ③ “Here you are. You look so tired,” a sweet voice said. ④Mary looked up and saw a pretty girl in a purple skirt, smiling to her. ⑤ “Thanks!” she answered when she took the glass and drank the water. ⑥ “It seems that you need some help,” said the girl. Then she began to help carry some of the boxes into the house. Mary was very surprised at it, because the boxes were both heavy and dirty. ⑦Half an hour later, all the boxes were inside the house. Mary thanked the girl again and again, and the girl said that neighbours should help each other. At that time Mary knew that the girl was called Alice. She was a college student and lived on the other side of the street. ⑧Mary thought that she was very lucky to meet Alice when she got to the new neighbourhood on the first day. It made her feel warm and hopeful to start her new life here. 12．How long did Mary spend carrying all the things into the house? A．An hour. B．Half an hour. C．Two hours. D．One and a half hours. 13．What can we learn from Paragraph 7? A．Alice lived next to Mary. B．Alice was very thankful to Mary. C．Alice was a middle school student. D．Alice was Mary’s neighbour and was very helpful. 14．Which is the RIGHT order of the things according to the passage? a. Mary thanked Alice again and again.          b. Mary got to the neighbourhood.     c. Mary took the glass of water and drank.     d. Alice helped Mary carry things. e. Mary looked up and saw a pretty girl smiling to her. A．a-c-b-d-e B．b-c-e-a-d C．a-b-e-d-c D．b-e-c-d-a 15．How did Mary feel after meeting her new friend Alice? A．Tired and unhappy. B．Warm and hopeful. C．Unlucky and sad. D．Surprised and excited. 5 Living close to neighbours can sometimes lead to problems. What can we do to solve them? Here are a few examples. We can see that neighbours should try to understand each other and work to make a nice neighbourhood. ● Loud Music John loves to play music loudly late at night, but his neighbour Mrs Smith doesn’t like it. She has problems sleeping. Mrs Smith can politely ask John to stop playing loud music at night. John can use headphones or play music in daytime. ● Parking Problem Mark parks his car in his neighbour’s driveway (私人车道). It stops his neighbour from going out into the street. Mark should park his car in a right place and say sorry to his neighbour. ● Pet Problem Lucy’s dog is always barking (吠叫). It makes her neighbours angry. Lucy can put her dog at her friend’s home when she is away for a long time. She can also train the dog and keep it quiet when she is at home. ● Boundary (边界) Problem Two neighbours don’t agree with the boundary. They both think they own the open space between their houses. They can ask another person to be the mediator (调停者), talk with them and then reach an agreement. 16．How many neighbourhood problems can you find in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 17．Which is a way for John to deal with his problem? A．Never playing music again. B．Asking his neighbour to leave. C．Moving to another place. D．Playing music in daytime. 18．Where can people park their cars? A．In their neighbour’s yard. B．In the right side of the street. C．In a parking place. D．In another person’s driveway. 19．Why are Lucy’s neighbours angry? A．Lucy’s dog makes much noise. B．Lucy’s dog is running everywhere. C．Lucy is not at home most of the time. D．Lucy’s dog makes kids afraid. 20．What kind of person can be a mediator? A．Someone who doesn’t talk much. B．Someone who loves pets. C．Someone who is a police officer. D．Someone who is good at listening. 6 If there was an empty lot (一块空地) in your neighborhood (街区), what would you want to turn it into? My classmates and I have turned such an empty lot into a place of hope. The empty lot in our neighborhood was full of wild grass. As a project for our geography class, we wanted to change the lot. We hoped it could become a place to improve (改善) people’s mental (心理的) health. After weeks of designing, researching and making models (模型), we began our plans. Now the lot is a different place. There is a wood walkway with purple benches (长椅). Kids like the relaxing color, and they come to sit together and make friends.   A few beautiful plants grow in the ground. There is also a bright blue hopscotch (跳房子游戏) board. We make it for a group of 8 to 10 school-aged kids who have no places to play in the neighborhood. And you can see a white wall painting with red words like “Love” and “Peace”. Now, the lot gives the neighborhood hope and beauty. More people love the neighborhood and have great hopes for things of the future. 21．We make the bench ________ to make people relaxed. A．red B．white C．purple D．blue 22．Who is the hopscotch board for? A．All school-aged kids. B．All the people living there. C．A group of students. D．Kids from 8 to 10 years old. 23．What word can best describe (描述) the students? A．Helpful. B．Strict. C．Polite. D．Happy. 24．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．Our Beautiful Neighborhood B．My Classmates and I C．Froman Empty Lot to a Hope One D．The Power of Plants 7 Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on (依靠) one another. So lots of special people in communities are ready to lend a helping hand to anyone. For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a home catches on fire, as the Jackson’s place did last week, it might be broken down and people get hurt or worse. We’re so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire. If the firemen hadn’t come so fast, the Jacksons might have lost everything. And what about our local police? The police have helped so many families, especially saving people and pets after the heavy rains. Think about all the other service (服务) workers we have in this community. Some people collect waste and rubbish (垃圾) and keep our community clean. Some people repair traffic lights and holes (洞) in the streets for not just us, but our cars! And what would this community be without the teachers in our school, the doctors and nurses in our community hospitals? Think again about what we eat every day; think again about what we wear every day. We cannot make them, but we use them all the time. We get a lot from all these workers. We need these people in the community. We depend on each other. Let’s support and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place. 25．What happened to the Jacksons last week? A．They lost their pets. B．They had a house fire. C．They broke their car. D．They built a new house. 26．Who help people after the heavy rains? A．Firemen. B．Doctors. C．Road workers. D．Local police. 27．What does the underlined (画线的) word “repair” probably mean? A．Fix. B．Grow. C．Post. D．Pull. 28．What is the purpose (目的) of the text? A．To make people laugh. B．To make our community a better place. C．To introduce ways of shopping. D．To show communication skills. 29．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．Policemen Save People’s Lives B．Service Workers Do Important Jobs C．People Depend on Each Other D．Workers Keep Communities Running 8 When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors (邻居), because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbors. But what kind of neighbor is good? The answers are different from people to people. Here are my answers. First, it is very important to respect (尊重) each other. If our neighbor tries to know more about our life, what will we feel? He or she may also talk with others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her? The answer is “No”. We will feel very sad to have this kind of neighbor and move away quickly. Next, a good neighbor is always ready to help when we need him or her. For example, if we are not at home, our good neighbor will watch our house for us. Finally, a good neighbor should love the environment (环境). He or she never puts rubbish here and there. Good neighbors should keep the place clean, because the good environment can make us comfortable (舒适) and happy. I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life. 30．Why do we want to have nice neighbors? A．Because they can make us feel happy. B．Because they can tell interesting stories. C．Because they can share (分享) food with us. D．Because it is helpful to live with good neighbors. 31．What will not a good neighbor do? A．He or she will respect your life. B．He or she will keep the place clean. C．He or she will try to know more about your life. D．He or she will help watch your house when you are not at home. 32．Which of the following is right? A．People are all good neighbors. B．People all have good neighbors. C．People should learn to be good neighbors. D．People all know how to be good neighbors. 33．Which one is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 34．What is the best title for this passage? A．My neighbors B．I have some good neighbors C．Different kinds of neighbors D．What kind of neighbor is good 9 The Robinsons move into the neighbourhood in July. It is very hot. They see the notice about the community club. Mrs. Robinson says, “That is good. I want to live in a safe community.” The next day, Jimmy Robinson and Jerome Robinson are outside playing. They are playing baseball. Adam comes to play with them. He says, “I’m glad to have someone to play ball with.” He lives just across the street. Jimmy hits it hard. It goes into the neighbour’s garden. He says, “I’ll go to get it. Wait for me here.” “No, don’t go there.” says Adam, “That’s where Mr. James lives. He is the head of the community club. He will be angry. We mustn’t play baseball on the street. We should go to the park to play baseball.” “But my mother will be angry if I lose our ball.” Jimmy says. So he goes to the neighbour’s garden to get the ball. A tall man comes out of the house just as he gets to the ball. “Who are you and what are you doing here?” he asks. “I’m Jimmy Robinson, and I come to get my baseball. I’m sorry I hit it here. I don’t know the rule (规则).” “OK. You can get it this time. But remember, we all need to follow the rules in this community. The rules help us have a good and safe place to live. If you want to play ball, go to the park!” Jimmy runs back with the ball. Adam and Jerome are glad to see him. “That’s my brave brother.” says Jerome. Just then their mother comes outside. “Mr. James calls me. He says he wants to help us understand the rules of the community.” 35．In which picture are Adam’s and the Robinsons’ houses? A． B． C． D． 36．What’s the correct order (顺序) according to the article? ① Jimmy gets his ball back. ② Mr. James talks to Jimmy about the rules. ③ Three children play baseball on the street. ④ Mrs. Robinson gets a call from Mr. James. ⑤ The Robinsons move into a new community. A．①③②⑤④ B．①③②④⑤ C．⑤③②①④ D．⑤①③④② 37．What’s the best title of the article? A．Mr. James’s rules B．Jimmy and his ball C．A community club D．The new community 38．What may happen next? A．The two brothers will be afraid to go out. B．The two brothers will say sorry to Mr. James. C．Mrs.Robinson will be angry with Mr. James. D．Mrs. Robinson will teach the kids to play baseball. 10      A neighbourhood party is a great way to raise money, to celebrate a holiday, or to get to know the people in your neighbourhood. There’s no better way to bring the community together than to hold a party! Before you begin, . Churches (教堂) or community centers are good places for neighbourhood activities. If the weather is nice, many people like to have the party outside. It could be at a park or on a street that you need to book ahead of time (提前预定). Next, . Volunteers are important for making sure the party runs smoothly. Get enough people to help tell others about the party, plan the party, and clean up after the party. A volunteer can post flyers (传单) or pass out cards to people in the neighborhood. During the party, . Many parties have activities for kids, like relay races (接力赛) or face painting. At most parties, people will find food and drinks. The best part of the parties is when everyone brings something to share. After all, that’s what being part of a neighbourhood is about! 39．Who may be interested in this passage? A．Neighbours’ friends. B．Children in the community. C．Volunteers at the party. D．New families in the community. 40．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．How to celebrate a holiday. B．How to hold a neighbourhood party. C．What the neighbourhood party is for. D．What to do at the neighbourhood party. 41．The correct order (顺序) of the following sentences for , and should be __________. a. ask your friends and neighbours to help b. you first need to decide where to have the party c. be sure to have lots of things to do A．b-c-a B．b-a-c C．a-b-c D．a-c-b 11 Do you care about your neighborhood? Joseph Beer really cares about his neighborhood. Last summer holiday, the 15-year-old boy found he had lots of time in hands. However, he didn’t spend his time playing video games or watching films. He did some things meaningful for his neighborhood. The outdoor areas in Joseph’s neighborhood were not in good condition. Some road signs were dirty and some were covered with branches. Seeing this, Joseph decided to clean the signs and cut down the branches. According to his mom, Joseph would go out in the morning, spend all day going around the neighborhood and tidying things up. He wouldn’t go home until late in the evening, and he would do it again the next day. He was tired but happy. After some time, people in his neighborhood saw his hard work. They shared before-and-after photos of the signs he had cleaned online. Many people were touched by his simple act of kindness. They were so thankful that they even gave away money to him. However, Joseph didn’t spend the money on new tools or even something for himself. He donated it to a local food bank for families in need. Joseph is happy to see their tidy neighborhood. For him, that is the best payoff for his hard work. It gives him a strong feeling of satisfaction and he plans to keep going. 42．What can we know about the neighborhood from paragraph 2? A．It was beautiful. B．It wasn’t tidy. C．It was crowded. D．It was popular. 43．When did Joseph go home after tiding things up in the neighborhood? A．In the morning. B．At noon. C．In the afternoon. D．In the evening. 44．How did Joseph deal with the money he got? A．By buying some tools. B．By donating it to others. C．By buying something for himself. D．By giving it to his family. 45．What does the underlined word “payoff” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Return. B．Deal. C．Journey. D．Sign. 46．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A nice neighborhood. B．A group of kind people. C．How to help the people in need. D．Joseph’s action to care about the neighborhood. 12 Last Summer Maria and her mom moved from the countryside to a tall building in the city. Maria really liked many things about the city, but she missed her house and yard (院子) in the countryside. One day Maria was in her room when she saw her neighbor, Mrs. Garcia, carrying a gardening tool (园林工具) and a bag of soil. Maria wanted to know how Mrs. Garcia could garden in the city. She went out and met her. “My mom can grow the most delicious vegetables, and I know she misses her garden, but we don’t have a yard,” said Maria. Mrs. Garcia laughed and said, “I’ll show you,” she said. Maria thought Mrs. Garcia would take her to a park or somewhere else, but she took her to the roof (房顶). When the door opened, Maria was surprised to see so many flowers and vegetables on the roof. “What an excellent garden!” said Maria. Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was an empty (空的) place. Then some of the people in the building asked the owners to turn it into a garden. The building owners liked the idea because the plants not only (不但) helped to keep the air clean, but also (而且) they helped to keep the buildings cool in hot weather. “I plant flowers in my garden,” Mrs. Garcia said, “but you will be surprised how different the plants are up here. Some people grow vegetables just like your mom. You can do some of the same things in the city as in the countryside.” 47．Which of the following is NOT the advantage (好处) of the garden on the roof? A．It used the empty place well. B．It helped to keep the air clean. C．It helped to keep the buildings cool. D．It made the building clean. 48．After Maria visited the garden on the roof, she would probably (可能) ask her mom_________. A．go back to the countryside B．pick flowers from the garden C．grow vegetables on the roof D．show her around the park 49．From the passage we can know _________. A．why Maria and her mom moved into the city B．what Mrs. Garcia planted in her roof garden C．how Maria and her mom moved to the city D．Maria didn’t like the city live at all 50．The word “it” in paragraph7 refers to (指的是) _________. A．the roof B．the garden C．the building D．the park 参考答案 1 1．A 2．C 3．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个活泼的小男孩Ben和总是看起来生气和不快乐的邻居Mr. Jenkins之间发生的故事。通过Ben的创意和努力，Mr. Jenkins逐渐改变了态度，成为了社区中有趣的一部分。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One was Mr. Jenkins, an old man who always seemed angry and unhappy about everything in his neighbourhood.”可知，Mr. Jenkins一开始总是看起来生气和不快乐。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He knew Mr. Jenkins liked reading. So, he gave free lemonade to anyone who brought an old newspaper for Mr. Jenkins.”可知，Ben让人们给Mr. Jenkins带旧报纸，以此作为换取免费柠檬水的条件。这一行为使得Mr. Jenkins的态度开始发生变化。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“After that, Mr. Jenkins often went to Ben’s lemonade stand. He would sit there, drink lemonade and chat with Ben and his friends. The old man now became an important part of the neighbourhood’s fun.”可知，最后Mr. Jenkins经常去Ben的柠檬水摊位，坐在那里喝柠檬水，和Ben及其朋友们聊天，成为了社区中有趣的一部分。这表明他对邻居变得更加友好。故选A。 2 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．C 【解析】本文是Julia和Amy的书信往来，两人分别介绍了自己街区的布局及周末活动。 4．细节理解题。根据“Julia的书信中‘The police station is across from my house’”可知，Julia的家在警察局对面。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Julia的书信中‘To the left of my house is a big park... There is a hotel to the left of the park’”可知，公园在Julia的家和酒店之间。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据“Julia的书信中‘On weekends, my family often plays sports in the park’”可知，Julia一家周末常在公园做运动。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据“Amy的书信中‘My house is in the middle of the street. In front of my house there is a small supermarket. To the left of the supermarket is a library and to the right of the supermarket is a post office. A bank is across from the post office. Behind my house there is a small park’”可知，选项C的图示与Amy家的街区布局一致。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“Amy的书信中‘It takes us about 15 minutes to walk there from our house’”可知，从Amy家步行到小山大约需要15分钟。故选C。 3 9．B 10．D 11．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了社区食堂的兴起、特点及受欢迎的原因，并通过多地案例说明其普及性。 9．细节理解题。根据“The dishes have a home-cooked taste. The canteen is also clean.”可知她喜欢社区食堂是因为食物味道好且环境干净。故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据“Community canteens meet the needs of young people in many ways. ”及“People are interested in them so the “blind boxes” often sell out quickly.”和“The price (价格) is very good. Many people there give up restaurants but go there to eat.”可知，全文围绕社区食堂如何满足不同人群需求展开，如价格实惠、菜品丰富、形式创新，并提到年轻人因此放弃餐馆选择社区食堂。这些内容均表明作者认为社区食堂在人们日常生活中发挥了重要作用。故选D。 11．主旨大意题。文章介绍了社区食堂的兴起、特点及受欢迎的原因，并通过多地案例（杭州、浙江、北京）说明其普及性。因此，作者的写作目的是向读者介绍这一受欢迎的用餐场所。故选B。 4 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文讲述了Mary搬入新家时遇到邻居Alice，并在Alice的热心帮助下顺利完成搬家。文章通过这一经历表现了邻里之间的互助精神，强调了友善与关爱的温暖力量。 12．细节理解题。根据“After working for one hour and a half, she stopped for a rest.”和“Half an hour later, all the boxes were inside the house.”可知，Mary 搬运东西花费了两个小时的时间。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“Half an hour later, all the boxes were inside the house. Mary thanked the girl again and again, and the girl said that neighbours should help each other.”可知，Alice是Mary的邻居，并且很乐于助人。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据文章顺序可知：“Mary entered her new house on a very hot day last August.” Mary 到达新社区（b）；“Mary looked up and saw a pretty girl in a purple skirt, smiling to her.”Mary抬头看见一个穿紫色裙子的女孩微笑着看她（e）；“ ‘Thanks!’ she answered when she took the glass and drank the water”Mary 接过水并喝了（c）；“Then she began to help carry some of the boxes into the house.”Alice 帮助 Mary 搬运东西（d）；“Mary thanked the girl again and again”Mary感谢Alice（a）。正确顺序为 b-e-c-d-a。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mary thought that she was very lucky to meet Alice when she got to the new neighbourhood on the first day. It made her feel warm and hopeful to start her new life here.”可知，Mary认识Alice之后感到温暖和充满希望。故选B。 5 16．C 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了邻里之间可能遇到的一些问题以及解决这些问题的方法。 16．细节理解题。根据“Loud Music”、“Parking Problem”、“Pet Problem”以及“Boundary (边界) Problem”可知，在文章中有四个邻里问题。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“John can use headphones or play music in daytime.”可知，John可以在白天使用耳机或播放音乐。故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据“Mark parks his car in his neighbour’s driveway (私人车道). It stops his neighbour from going out into the street. Mark should park his car in a right place and say sorry to his neighbour.”可知，应该把车放在合适的地方，应该是停车场。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“Lucy’s dog is always barking (吠叫). It makes her neighbours angry.”可知，Lucy的邻居生气是因为Lucy的狗总是叫。故选A。 20．推理判断题。根据“They can ask another person to be the mediator (调停者), talk with them and then reach an agreement.”可知，可以要求另一个人作为调停人，与他们交谈，然后达成协议，因此调停人应该要善于倾听。故选D。 6 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者及其同学如何将社区内的一块空地改造成一个充满希望的地方。 21．细节理解题。根据“There is a wood walkway with purple benches. Kids like the relaxing color, and they come to sit together and make friends.”可知，句中表述有一条带紫色长椅的木制走道。孩子们喜欢这种“轻松的”颜色，他们会坐在一起交朋友，所以“紫色”能够让人们感到“放松”，故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“We make it for a group of 8 to 10 school-aged kids who have no places to play in the neighborhood.”可知，是为一群8到10岁的学龄儿童制作的，故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据“Now, the lot gives the neighborhood hope and beauty. More people love the neighborhood and have great hopes for things of the future.”可知，这块地给了邻居希望和美丽。越来越多的人喜欢这个社区，对未来的事情抱有很大的希望，可知学生们是有“帮助的”。故选A。 24．最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲了作者及其同学如何将社区内的一块空地改造成一个充满希望的地方，即从空地到希望之地，故选C。 7 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了社区中有很多特殊的人愿意向任何人伸出援手，我们需要社区里的这些人，让我们互相支持和帮助，只有这样，我们才能让我们的社区变得更好。 25．细节理解题。根据“ If a home catches on fire, as the Jackson’s place did last week”可知上周他们家着火了。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据“The police have helped so many families, especially saving people and pets after the heavy rains.”可知警方已经帮助了这么多家庭，尤其是在暴雨后拯救了人们和宠物。故选D。 27．词义猜测题。根据“Some people repair traffic lights and holes (洞) in the streets for not just us, but our cars”可知有些人不仅为我们，也为我们的汽车修理街道上的交通灯和洞，故此处划线部分意为“修理”，和fix意义相近。故选A。 28．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了社区中有很多特殊的人愿意向任何人伸出援手，我们需要社区里的这些人，让我们互相支持和帮助，只有这样，我们才能让我们的社区变得更好。故选B。 29．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了社区中有很多特殊的人愿意向任何人伸出援手，我们需要社区里的这些人，让我们互相支持和帮助，只有这样，我们才能让我们的社区变得更好，以选项C“人们相互依赖”为标题最合适。故选C。 8 30．D 31．C 32．C 33．B 34．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了自己认为的好邻居应该是什么样的。 30．细节理解题。根据“When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors (邻居), because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbors.”可知，和好邻居住在一起很有帮助。故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据“If our neighbor tries to know more about our life, what will we feel? He or she may also talk with others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her? The answer is ‘No’. We will feel very sad to have this kind of neighbor and move away quickly.”可知，如果他或她会尝试更多地了解你的生活，这不是好邻居的标准。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life.”可知，人们应该学会做好邻居。故选C。 33．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提到什么样的邻居才是好邻居；第二段到第四段分别介绍好邻居的标准；最后一段是对文章进行总结，所以B项正确。故选B。 34．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章作者介绍了自己认为的好邻居应该是什么样的，因此文章的最佳标题是“什么样的邻居是好的”。故选D。 9 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了罗宾逊一家搬到一个新的社区，吉米、杰洛米和亚当打棒球的时候，把球打进了社区俱乐部领导詹姆斯先生的花园里，违反了规则，詹姆斯要帮助他们了解新社区的规则。 35．细节理解题。根据“It goes into the neighbour’s garden.”可知，他们房子在一个有花园的邻居附近。故选A。 36．细节理解题。根据“The Robinsons move into the neighbourhood in July.”可知，Robinson一家先是搬到新的社区；根据“The next day, Jimmy Robinson and Jerome Robinson are outside playing.”可知，三个孩子在外面玩；根据“You can get it this time. But remember, we all need to follow the rules in this community. The rules help us have a good and safe place to live. If you want to play ball, go to the park!”可知，詹姆斯先生告知了罗宾逊社区的规则；根据“Jimmy runs back with the ball.”可知，吉米拿回了球；根据“Mr. James calls me. He says he wants to help us understand the rules of the community.”可知，罗宾逊太太接到了詹姆斯先生的电话。故选C。 37．最佳标题题。根据“The Robinsons move into the neighbourhood in July.”和“He says he wants to help us understand the rules of the community.”可知，本文主要讲述的是新社区的规则，D项“新社区”最适合做本文的标题。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据“He says he wants to help us understand the rules of the community.”可知，两兄弟违反了规则，詹姆斯先生想要教育他们，他们应该是会和先生先生道歉。故选B。 10 39．D 40．C 41．B 【解析】本文主要介绍社区派对的作用及举办的注意事项。 39．推理判断题。根据“or to get to know the people in your neighbourhood. There’s no better way to bring the community together than to hold a party!”可知新搬来的邻居需要了解社区里的邻居，故会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选D。 40．段落大意题。根据“A neighbourhood party is a great way to...”可知第一段主要讲社区派对的作用，或目的。故选C。 41．推理判断题。根据“Churches (教堂) or community centers are good places for neighbourhood activities.”可知此处讲的是地点，故选项b“你的第一个需要是决定在哪儿举办派对”符合题意；根据“Volunteers are important for making sure the party runs smoothly.”可知此处讲的是志愿者对派对的作用。故a“要求你的朋友们和邻居来帮忙”符合题意；根据“Many parties have activities for kids, like relay races (接力赛) or face painting. At most parties, people will find food and drinks.”可知派对还需要有一些活动，故选项c“确保有许多事情可以做”符合题意。故正确的顺序是b-a-c。故选B。 11 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了15岁的男孩Joseph在假期帮助社区做一些有意义事情的故事。 42．细节理解题。根据“The outdoor areas in Joseph’s neighborhood were not in good condition. Some road signs were dirty and some were covered with branches”可知，社区并不整洁，一些路标很脏，一些被树枝覆盖，故选B。 43．细节理解题。根据“He wouldn’t go home until late in the evening”可知，直到晚上很晚才回家，故选D。 44．细节理解题。根据“He donated it to a local food bank for families in need”可知，把它捐给了当地的一家食品银行，帮助有需要的家庭，故选B。 45．词义猜测题。根据“Joseph is happy to see their tidy neighborhood. For him, that is the best payoff for his hard work”可知，努力工作有了回报，所以划线单词与Return同义，故选A。 46．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了15岁的男孩Joseph在假期帮助社区做一些有意义事情的故事，所以D选项符合本文标题，故选D。 12 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了Maria发现邻居Garcia在屋顶种植绿色植物。这种在楼房闲置的屋顶上种植蔬菜等绿色植物的方法，既可以利用空间，又可以净化空气。 47．推理判断题。根据“for a long time the roof was an empty (空的) place”及“because the plants not only (不但) helped to keep the air clean, but also (而且) they helped to keep the buildings cool in hot weather和 for a long time the roof was just an empty space”可知，在楼顶上种植绿色植物可以保持空气清新，同时还能使夏天凉爽一点，还能够利用屋顶的闲置空间，文中并没有提到这有助于使建筑物更干净，故选D。 48．推理判断题。根据“My mom can grow the most delicious vegetables”及“Some people grow vegetables just like your mom”可知，她回家后应该是会告诉母亲邻居家在屋顶种蔬菜的事情，并且会建议母亲也来种，故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据“When the door opened, Maria was surprised to see so many flowers and vegetables on the roof”可知，从这篇文章我们可以知道Garcia在屋顶上种植的是什么，故选B。 50．词义猜测题。根据“Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was an empty (空的) place. Then some of the people in the building asked the owners to turn it into a garden”可知，因为屋顶是空的，所以一些人要求业主把屋顶变成一个花园，所以“it”指代the roof“屋顶”，故选A。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $