Unit 5 Music Words and Expressions 单元词汇讲解 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

Unit 5 Music Words and Expressions 人教版2019必修第二册 soul [s l] n. 灵魂;心灵 用法分类 含义 典型例句/搭配 核心名词 灵魂、心灵 "Rest in peace" (安息吧); "Touch the soul" (触动心灵) 指代人 某种类型的人 "A brave soul" (勇敢的人); "Not a soul" (一个人也没有) 文化名词 灵魂乐 "Listen to some soul" (听点灵魂乐); "Soul singer" 习语表达 全心全意 "Heart and soul" (全心全意); "Soul mate" (灵魂伴侣) 形容词 黑人文化的 "Soul food" (黑人传统美食) opportunity [ p tju n ti] n.机会;时机 与动词搭配 have / take / seize / use / provide an opportunity (to do sth) 得到一个机会 take / Seize / Grasp an opportunity an opportunity to抓住机会 Miss / Lose an opportunity Create / Provide / Offer an opportunity“创造/提供/给予一个机会”。 find opportunities to Use / Make the most of an opportunity “利用机会”、“充分利用机会” opportunity [ p tju n ti] n.机会;时机 与介词搭配 Opportunity to do something 做某事的机会 Opportunity for something / someone “……的机会”或“给某人的机会”。 opportunity [ p tju n ti] n.机会;时机 常用形容词搭配 A good / great opportunity: 一个好/极好的机会 A great / golden opportunity: 一个绝佳的/黄金般的机会 A wonderful / fantastic opportunity: 一个美妙的/极好的机会 A unique opportunity: 一个独一无二的机会 A rare opportunity: 一个难得的机会 A valuable opportunity: 一个宝贵的机会 An equal opportunity: 一个平等的机会 opportunity [ p tju n ti] n.机会;时机 ️ 常用习语和短语 Once-in-a-lifetime opportunity: 千载难逢的机会 例句: Traveling around the world is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for most people. (对大多数人来说,环游世界是千载难逢的机会)。 Miss the boat / window of opportunity: 错失良机 例句: If you don't act now, you'll miss the boat. (如果你现在不行动,你就会错失良机)。 Equal opportunity: 平等机会 例句: Our company believes in equal opportunity for all. (我们公司相信人人机会平等)。 opportunity [ p tju n ti] n.机会;时机 总结 搭配类型 常见搭配 含义 核心动词 have / get / receive 拥有/获得机会 take / seize / grasp 抓住机会 miss / lose 错过机会 create / provide / offer 创造/提供机会 make the most of 充分利用机会 介词结构 opportunity to do sth 做某事的机会 opportunity for sth/sb (某事/某人)的机会 常用形容词 good, great, golden, unique, rare 好的、伟大的、黄金般的、独一无二的、难得的 opportunity [ p tju n ti] n.机会;时机 ️ 趁热打铁 The meeting is a good opportunity for discussion. (这次会议是一个讨论的好机会)。 This job gives me a great opportunity to learn new skills. (这份工作给了我一个学习新技能的好机会)。 You should make the most of this opportunity to practice your English. (你应该充分利用这次机会来练习你的英语)。 This new policy will create more opportunities for young people. (这项新政策将为年轻人创造更多机会)。 If you seize the opportunity, you might change your life. (如果你抓住这次机会,你可能会改变你的生活)。 perform [p f m] vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行 perform [p f m] vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行 performer n. 表演者;演员 performance n. 表演;演技;表现 1. Perform + 名词(执行/完成某项任务) Perform a task / duties / functions 执行任务 / 履行职责 / 实现功能 Perform an experiment / test 进行实验 / 实施测试 Perform surgery / an operation 做手术 / 实施外科手术 Perform a role / part 扮演一个角色(在戏剧、电影或社会中) Perform a service 提供服务 perform [p f m] vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行 performer n. 表演者;演员 performance n. 表演;演技;表现 2. Perform +副词(表现如何) Perform well / excellently / admirably 表现得好 / 出色 / 令人钦佩 Perform poorly / badly 表现得差 / 糟糕 Perform successfully / effectively / efficiently 成功地 / 有效地 / 高效地执行 perform [p f m] vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行 performer n. 表演者;演员 performance n. 表演;演技;表现 3. 与介词搭配 Perform on (a stage/instrument): 在(舞台/乐器)上表演 Perform for (an audience): 为(观众)表演 perform [p f m] vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行 performer n. 表演者;演员 performance n. 表演;演技;表现 4. 常用习语和短语 Perform a miracle / miracles 创造奇迹 例句: The new manager seems to be performing miracles with the struggling team. (这位新经理似乎正带领这支 struggling 的团队创造奇迹)。 Perform one's duty / part 尽职尽责 / 扮演好自己的角色 例句: Every citizen must perform their duty to protect the environment. (每个公民都必须履行保护环境的职责)。 perform [p f m] vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行 总结表格 核心搭配 perform a task / duty 执行任务 / 履行职责 He can perform his duties efficiently. perform an experiment / test 进行实验 / 测试 They performed a test on the new drug. perform surgery 做手术 The doctor will perform surgery. 表现评价 perform well / badly 表现好 / 差 The stock performed badly last year. 方式描述 perform successfully 成功地执行 The plan was performed successfully. 介词搭配 perform on (stage) 在...上表演 She loves to perform on stage. perform for (audience) 为...表演 He will perform for his fans. perform [p f m] vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行 一、用perform的正确形式完成下列句子。 1. The star _ of the match was Bill Holland who scored 26 points. 2. The orchestra that gave an impressive _ tonight will be _ at the Silver Palace next week. 3. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. performer performance performing performed prove [pru:v] vt. 证明;展现 1. 作为及物动词 (Prove + 宾语) Prove + 名词/代词 证明… Prove + 宾语从句 (Prove that/wh-...)证明… it is proved that 证明… Prove + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 prove sb./sth. (to be) + 形容词/名词 证明…是怎样的 Prove + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (Prove sth. to sb.) “向某人证明某事”。 prove [pru:v] vt. 证明;展现 2. 作为系动词 (Linking Verb) 当 "prove" 作系动词时,意思是“结果是……、证明是……、原来是……”。这时候它没有被动语态,后面直接跟表语。 Prove + 形容词/名词 Prove + to be + 形容词/名词 这个结构更常见,意思和上面基本一样,语气稍正式一点。 例句:The movie proved to be a huge success. (这部电影结果是一部巨大的成功之作)。 prove [pru:v] vt. 证明;展现 3. 常用固定搭配与短语 Prove oneself 证明自己的能力或品质。 例句: He worked hard to prove himself in the new company. (他努力工作,想在新公司证明自己)。 Prove a point 证明一个观点;争一口气。 例句: He bought the expensive car just to prove a point. (他买那辆昂贵的车只是为了证明自己的观点/实力)。 Prove someone wrong/right 证明某人错了/对了。 例句: I will try my best to prove my critics wrong. (我会尽全力证明那些批评我的人是错的)。 Go to prove 足以证明;证实。 prove [pru:v] vt. 证明;展现 语法小贴士:Proven vs. Proved Proved 和 Proven 都是 "prove" 的过去分词。 Proven 常用作形容词(作定语)放在名词前面,或者在某些固定短语中。 例如: a proven fact (一个已被证实的事实)。 例如: not proven (未被证实——法律术语)。 Proved 更常用于构成完成时态。 例如: He has proved his courage. (他已经证明了他的勇气)。 prove [pru:v] vt. 证明;展现 总结表格 用法分类 结构 含义 示例 及物动词 Prove + 宾语 证明某事 The facts prove his guilt. Prove + 宾语从句 证明... This proves that we were right Prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明 Can you prove it to me? 系动词 Prove + adj./n. 结果是/证明是 The plan proved difficult. Prove to be + adj./n 结果是/证明是 The method proved to be effective. 固定搭配 Prove oneself 证明自己 He proved himself a capable leader. Prove sb. wrong 证明某人错了 Time will prove me wrong. award [ w :d] vt.授予 n.奖品 1. 作为动词:授予、判定 (1) 核心结构(及物动词) award sb. sth. (for sth.) (因某事)颁发给某人某物 award sth. to sb. 授予某人某物 (2) 关于介词的特殊用法(被动语态) sb be awarded sth (for)某人(因某事)被授予某物 sth was awarded to sb award [ w :d] vt.授予 n.奖品 趁热打铁 The school awarded him a scholarship.学校授予他奖学金。 They awarded the contract to a local firm.他们把合同授予了一家当地公司。 She was awarded the prize for her research. (她因她的研究而获奖)。 The Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to a new writer. (诺贝尔文学奖被授予了一位新作家)。 award [ w :d] vt.授予 n.奖品 2. 作为名词:奖品、奖金 常用动词搭配 Win an award: 赢得奖项 Receive / Get an award: 收到/得到奖项 Accept an award: 接受奖项 Present an award: 颁发奖项 award [ w :d] vt.授予 n.奖品 2. 作为名词:奖品、奖金 常用介词搭配 Award for (something): 因某事而颁发的奖项 Award to (someone): 颁给某人的奖项 award [ w :d] vt.授予 n.奖品 趁热打铁 The film won several awards. (这部电影赢得了好几个奖项)。 He received an award for bravery. (他因勇敢而获得奖项)。 She was too nervous to accept the award gracefully. (她太紧张了,没能从容地领奖)。 The mayor will present the award at the ceremony. (市长将在典礼上颁发奖项)。 This is an award for outstanding contribution. (这是一个表彰杰出贡献的奖项)。 The award to the best actor hasn't been announced yet. (最佳男演员这个奖项还没公布)。 award [ w :d] vt.授予 n.奖品 3. 常见固定短语 Academy Award: 奥斯卡金像奖 (Academy Awards) Booker Award: 布克奖 (文学大奖) Nobel Prize: 诺贝尔奖 (注意这里习惯用 Prize) Award ceremony: 颁奖典礼 Award-winning: 获奖的 (形容词) award [ w :d] vt.授予 n.奖品 ️ 4. 易混淆辨析: 词汇 含义与侧重点 典型场景 Award 正式授予。强调荣誉性,通常由官方、评委根据标准评选。 奥斯卡奖、奖学金、合同授予 Reward 回报、报酬。强调对服务、帮助或行为的报答,常带有感激性质。 悬赏金、给孩子的零花钱奖励 Prize 比赛奖品。强调竞争性,通常是赢得比赛或抽奖后的实物或奖金。 销售竞赛第一名、抽奖中奖 original [ r d nl] n. 原来的;独创的 adj. 原件;原作 originally adv 起初;原来 originality n [U] 独创性;创造力 1. 作为形容词:最常见的用法 (1) ️ “最初的、原先的”(最基础的含义,指事物在开始时的状态。) Original + 名词 Original plan: 原计划 Original idea: 最初构想 / 原创想法 Original price: 原价 Original text: 原文 Original owner: 原主人 original [ r d nl] n. 原来的;独创的 adj. 原件;原作 originally adv 起初;原来 originality n [U] 独创性;创造力 1. 作为形容词:最常见的用法 (2) “独创的、新颖的”(这个用法强调有想象力、不落俗套,常用来夸赞人或作品。) Original + 名词 Original work: 原著 / 原创作品 Original music: 原创音乐 Original thinker: 有独创性思想的人 Original design: 原设计 / 独创设计 original [ r d nl] n. 原来的;独创的 adj. 原件;原作 originally adv 起初;原来 originality n [U] 独创性;创造力 1. 作为形容词:最常见的用法 (3) ️ “原作的、真迹的”(在艺术、法律或文件领域,指非复制、非仿造的真品。) Original + 名词 Original manuscript: 原稿 Original painting: 原画 / 真迹 Original document: 原件 / 原始文件 Original copy: 正本 / 原本 original [ r d nl] n. 原来的;独创的 adj. 原件;原作 originally adv 起初;原来 originality n [U] 独创性;创造力 趁热打铁 We had to go back to the original plan. (我们不得不回到原计划)。 His designs are highly original. (他的设计非常有独创性)。 This is an original idea that has never been seen before. (这是一个前所未见的原创想法)。 The original painting is kept in a secure vault. (原画被保存在安全的金库中)。 Please send me the original document, not a photocopy. (请把文件原件寄给我,不要复印件)。 original [ r d nl] n. 原来的;独创的 adj. 原件;原作 originally adv 起初;原来 originality n [U] 独创性;创造力 2. 作为名词:特定语境下的用法 (1) “原件、原作”(指可供复制或模仿的母本。) The original This is a copy; the original is in Madrid. (这是复制品,原件在马德里)。 I studied Italian so that I could read Dante in the original. (我学意大利语是为了能读但丁的原著)。 original [ r d nl] n. 原来的;独创的 adj. 原件;原作 originally adv 起初;原来 originality n [U] 独创性;创造力 2. 作为名词:特定语境下的用法 “怪人、独特的人”(这是一个比较口语化的用法,指行为举止独特、有趣或古怪的人。) An original Her Aunt Effie is certainly an original. (她的姨妈埃菲真是个怪人)。 He's a real original; you never know what he'll do next. (他是个很有个性的人,你永远猜不到他下一步会做什么)。 短语 含义 示例 In the original 以原文/原版形式 I prefer to watch movies in the original language. (我更喜欢看原版语言的电影)。 The original intention 初衷 Let's not forget the original intention of this project. (别忘了这个项目最初的初衷)。 Original sin 原罪 (宗教/神学) The concept of original sin is important in Christianity. (原罪的概念在基督教中很重要)。 Stay true to the original 忠于原著/原作 The movie adaptation tries to stay true to the original novel. (这部电影改编力求忠于原著小说)。 One of a kind / An original 独一无二的 Her style is an original; there's no one like her. (她的风格是独创的,没人像她一样) 3. 常用习语与固定短语 4. 近义词辨析 Original vs. Initial: Original 强调“首创性”或“真品”,指在此之前没有更早的版本(如:原作、独创的想法)。 Initial 强调“时间上的开端”,指一系列事件中的第一个(如:initial meeting 初次会议)。 Original vs. Primitive: Original 是中性或褒义词(最初的、独创的)。 Primitive 通常指“原始的、简陋的”,带有落后或不发达的意味(如:primitive tribes 原始部落)。 relief [r li:f] n.减轻或解除;宽慰;轻松;缓和;消除 relieve vt. 使减轻;缓解 一、作为名词 (Noun) 1. (痛苦、忧虑等的) 减轻,解除,缓解 feel relief: 感到宽慰 express/show relief: 表达/表现出宽慰 bring (a sense of) relief: 带来(一种)宽慰感 provide relief: 提供缓解/帮助 breathe a sigh of relief: 松了一口气 relief [r li:f] n.减轻或解除;宽慰;轻松;缓和;消除 relieve vt. 使减轻;缓解 一、作为名词 (Noun) 1. (痛苦、忧虑等的) 减轻,解除,缓解 常用搭配介词: a sense of relief: 一种欣慰感 in /with relief 如释重负;松了口气 to one's relief 令……欣慰的是 get relief (from...) 得到缓解 It is a relief to do ... 做……是一件令人轻松的事 relief [r li:f] n.减轻或解除;宽慰;轻松;缓和;消除 relieve vt. 使减轻;缓解 趁热打铁 The new medicine brought relief to the patient. 这种新药给病人带来了缓解。 We all breathed a sigh of relief when we heard they were safe. 听到他们平安无事,我们都松了一口气。 To my great relief, the exam was much easier than I had expected. 令我感到非常宽慰的是,考试比我预想的要容易得多。 relief [r li:f] n.减轻或解除;宽慰;轻松;缓和;消除 relieve vt. 使减轻;缓解 一、作为名词 (Noun) 2. 救济,救援(特指对灾民、贫民等的援助。) relief supplies: 救援物资 relief effort: 救援工作 relief fund: 救济基金 disaster relief: 灾难救援 humanitarian relief: 人道主义救援 relief [r li:f] n.减轻或解除;宽慰;轻松;缓和;消除 relieve vt. 使减轻;缓解 一、作为名词 (Noun) 3. (绘画、雕刻等的) 浮雕,立体感 in relief: 凸起地,鲜明地 high/low relief: 高/浅浮雕 ️ 4. 地形,地势 mountainous relief: 山地地形 relief map: 地形图 relief [r li:f] n.减轻或解除;宽慰;轻松;缓和;消除 relieve vt. 使减轻;缓解 趁热打铁 The organization is sending relief supplies to the earthquake victims. 该组织正在向地震灾民运送救援物资。 The carving stands in high relief against the stone. 这个雕刻在石头上呈现出高浮雕的效果。 The relief of this area is very rugged. 这个地区的地势非常崎岖。 relief [r li:f] n.减轻或解除;宽慰;轻松;缓和;消除 relieve vt. 使减轻;缓解 ️ 二、作为动词 (Verb) ? 1. 缓解,减轻 (痛苦、压力等) relieve one's pain/pressure 减轻某人的痛苦/压力 2. 解除(某人的)职务,接替 relieve sb. of duty/responsibility: 免除某人的职责/责任 relieve sb. of one's post as... 解除某人……职务 3. 解救,援救 relieve...of... 从…解救… 词性 含义 常见搭配/短语 例句 名词 宽慰,安心 a sense of relief, breathe a sigh of relief, to one's relief The news filled us with relief. (这个消息让我们感到宽慰。) 名词 救济,救援 relief supplies, disaster relief, relief fund We are collecting money for disaster relief. (我们正在为灾难救援募捐。) 名词 浮雕,立体感 in relief, high relief The pattern stood in relief on the fabric. (图案在织物上呈现出浮雕效果。) 动词 (relieve) 缓解,减轻 relieve pain, relieve stress, relieve boredom This tea will relieve your headache. (这杯茶会缓解你的头痛。) 动词 (relieve) 接替,解除职务 relieve someone of duty, relieve someone at work The night guard came to relieve the day guard. cure [kj (r)] vt. 治愈 n. 解决;药物;治疗;措施 一、作为动词 (Verb) 1. 治愈(疾病),治好(病人)(彻底根除疾病,使恢复健康,是一个结果性的词。) cure sb of … : 治愈某人的某种疾病(这是最标准、最完整的用法) ️ 2. 纠正,消除,解决(问题)(引申为彻底解决某个问题或纠正某个坏习惯。) cure someone of a bad habit: 纠正某人的坏习惯 cure [kj (r)] vt. 治愈 n. 解决;药物;治疗;措施 趁热打铁 The doctor cured him of cancer. 医生治好了他的癌症。 Penicillin can cure many bacterial infections. 青霉素可以治愈许多细菌感染。 Nothing could cure him of his laziness. 没有什么能治好他的懒惰。 This new policy is meant to cure the country's economic problems. 这项新政策旨在解决国家的经济问题。 cure [kj (r)] vt. 治愈 n. 解决;药物;治疗;措施 二、作为名词 (Noun) 1. (疾病的)疗法,药剂 a cure for something: ……的疗法/解药 find a cure: 找到疗法 search for a cure: 寻找疗法 there is no cure for...: ……没有治愈方法 2. (问题的)解决办法(引申为问题的解决之道。) cure [kj (r)] vt. 治愈 n. 解决;药物;治疗;措施 趁热打铁 Researchers are working hard to find a cure for Alzheimer's disease. 研究人员正在努力寻找治疗阿尔茨海默病的方法。 Many people believe that laughter is the best cure. 许多人相信笑是最好的良药。 There is still no cure for the common cold. 普通感冒仍然没有根治的方法。 Education is often seen as a cure for social ills. 教育常被视为解决社会弊病的方法。 cure [kj (r)] vt. 治愈 n. 解决;药物;治疗;措施 ️ 三、重要辨析:Cure vs. Treat vs. Heal vs. Recover 单词 含义与用法 侧重点 Cure 治愈,根除。指疾病彻底消失,恢复健康。 结果:强调病好了,病根除了。 Treat 治疗,医治。指进行医疗的过程,但不一定能治好。 过程:强调正在采取医疗手段。 Heal (伤口)愈合,(情感)抚慰。常用于伤口、骨折或心灵创伤的自然恢复过程。 过程/结果:常用于身体组织的自我修复。 Recover 恢复,康复。指从疾病、打击中恢复过来。主语通常是病人自己。 过程/结果:强调病人自身的恢复状态。 趁热打铁 The doctor is treating his illness, but it cannot be cured. 医生正在治疗他的病,但无法治愈。 (治疗正在进行,但结果是无法根除) The wound is slowly healing. 伤口正在慢慢愈合。 He is recovering from his operation. 他正在从手术中康复。 总结表格 词性 含义 核心搭配/结构 例句 动词 治愈(疾病) cure sb of … The medicine cured him of his illness. 动词 解决(问题) cure a problem This plan will cure our financial problems. 名词 疗法,解药 a cure for something They are searching for a cure for cancer. 使用小贴士 Cure 通常用于具体的、可被根除的疾病。对于像感冒这种通常靠自身免疫系统恢复的小病,我们更常说 "get over" 或 "recover from",而不是 "cure"。 I finally got over my cold. (我感冒终于好了。) 比 The medicine cured my cold. 更自然。 Cure 作动词时,宾语通常是人(cure someone)或疾病(cure a disease),但最地道的表达是 cure someone of a disease。 aim [e m] vi.&vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 aimless adj. 无目的的,无目标的 一、作为名词 1. 目标,目的,意图 one's aim is to do something: 某人的目标是做某事 achieve/ accomplish one's aim: 实现目标 with the aim of doing something: 抱着做某事的目的,为了做某事 take aim at something/someone: 瞄准某物/某人(引申义可指批评或攻击某人) 2. 瞄准,对准(指射击或投掷时的瞄准动作。) take aim: 瞄准 miss one's aim: 没打中目标,没达到目的 aim [e m] vi.&vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 趁热打铁 Her aim is to become a doctor. 她的目标是成为一名医生。 The aim of this project is to reduce pollution. 这个项目的目的是减少污染。 He started saving money with the aim of buying a house. 他开始存钱,目的是为了买房。 The article takes aim at the government's new policy. 这篇文章矛头直指政府的新政策。 The archer took aim at the target. 那个弓箭手瞄准了靶心。 aim [e m] vi.&vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 aimless adj. 无目的的,无目标的 ️ 二、作为动词 1. 瞄准,对准,旨在,目的在于 aim for something: 力求达到,力争获得 aim at 力争做到;目的是;针对;瞄准 aim to do sth: 力争做某事,旨在做某事,计划做某事 be aimed at sth/doing sth: 旨在……,目的是…… aim [e m] vi.&vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 趁热打铁 He aimed the gun at the target. 他用枪瞄准了目标。 She aimed her camera at the bird. 她把相机对准了那只鸟。 We should aim for the best results. 我们应该力争取得最好的结果。 This campaign aims to raise awareness about environmental issues. 这场运动旨在提高人们对环境问题的认识。 The new policy is aimed at reducing traffic congestion. 这项新政策旨在缓解交通拥堵。 aim [e m] vi.&vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 ️ 三、重要辨析:Aim vs. Goal vs. Objective 这三个词都表示“目标”,但有细微差别: Aim: 含义最广,可以指长期或短期的目标,也可以指具体的瞄准点。语气相对不那么正式。 Goal: 通常指长期、宏大的、需要努力才能实现的目标。 Objective: 通常指具体、可衡量、短期的目标,常用于商业或军事语境。 简单来说: Your aim might be to get fit. (你的目标是变得健康。) Your goal might be to run a marathon in a year. (你的目标可能是一年后跑马拉松。) Your objective for this month might be to run 10 miles. (你这个月的具体目标可能是跑10英里。) assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 assuming conj 假设;假定 assumption n [C] 假定;假设 一、核心含义及用法 1. 假定,假设,臆断 (1)assume sb./sth. to be... 假定/假设某人/某事为…… It is assumed that... 一般认为…… assume that + 从句: 假定/假设…… (2)make an assumption 认为;假定 on the assumption that... 假定…… (3)assuming (that)... 假设/假定…… assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 assuming conj 假设;假定 assumption n [C] 假定;假设 趁热打铁 We must assume his guilt until he is proved innocent. 在证明他无罪之前,我们必须假定他有罪。 Let's assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. 咱们暂且假设这个计划成功了。 The missing climbers are now assumed to be dead. 失踪的登山者现在被认为已经遇难。 assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 assuming conj 假设;假定 assumption n [C] 假定;假设 一、核心含义及用法 2. 承担,担任,就任 assume responsibility/accountability: 承担责任 assume control (of something): (开始)控制,接管 assume office/post: 就职,上任 assume the role of: 扮演……的角色,承担……的职责 assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 assuming conj 假设;假定 assumption n [C] 假定;假设 趁热打铁 As the eldest child, she had to assume responsibility for the family. 作为长女,她不得不承担起家庭的责任。 The general manager will assume control of the company next month. 总经理将于下个月接管公司。 He will assume office as the new CEO on Monday. 他将于周一就任新任CEO。 assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 assuming conj 假设;假定 assumption n [C] 假定;假设 一、核心含义及用法 3. 呈现,显露,采取(某种形态或外观) 指在外观、态度或形式上表现出某种样子。 assume a new form/appearance: 呈现新的形式/外观 assume an air of confidence: 摆出一副自信的样子 assume a serious expression: 露出严肃的表情 assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 assuming conj 假设;假定 assumption n [C] 假定;假设 趁热打铁 The clouds began to assume strange and frightening shapes. 云层开始呈现出奇怪而吓人的形状。 He assumed an air of indifference, but I knew he was upset. 他装出一副无所谓的样子,但我知道他很难过。 assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 ️ 二、重要辨析 Assume vs. Presume 这两个词非常相似,经常可以互换,但有细微差别: Assume: 更侧重于逻辑上的假设,作为推理的起点,不一定带有个人倾向。证据可能未知或不存在。 Let's assume (for the sake of argument) that you are right. (为了论证起见,咱们假设你是对的。) Presume: 更侧重于基于可能性或概率的推测,带有更强的“很可能如此”的意味,有时也带有“大胆地认为”的意思。 He didn't show up, so I presume he's not coming. (他没出现,所以我推测他不来了。—— 这是一个基于常理的高概率推测。) assume [ sju:m] vt. 以为;假设 ️ 二、重要辨析 Assume vs. Guess Assume: 是一种有根据的推断或作为前提的假设,通常比较正式。 Guess: 是猜测、猜谜,基于的信息很少,随意性更强。 I guess it will rain tomorrow. (我猜明天会下雨。) I assume it will rain tomorrow because the sky is very dark. (我认为明天会下雨,因为天色很暗。) addition [ d n] n. 添加;加法;增加物 additional adj. 附加的,另外的 additionally adv. 此外 add vt. 增加,增添,补充说 in addition 另外;加之 in addition to 除……之外(还) Make an addition to给……增加/添加…… addition of something: ……的加入/添加 with the addition of something: 加上……之后 选词填空(in addition,in addition to) ①_ , he speaks fluent French and Spanish. 除了英语,他还会流利地说法语和西班牙语。 ②The restaurant is cheap. , the food is delicious. 这家餐厅很便宜。而且,食物还很美味。 单句语法填空 ③The blanket will provide _ warmth and comfort in bed (addition). ④The birds are _ protected in the reserves (addition). 【佳句背诵】 In addition to these traditional activities,we have a wider range of choices,such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. 除了这些传统活动,我们还有各种选择,例如旅行和访友。 In addition to In addition additional additionally addition [ d n] n. 添加;加法;增加物 additional adj. 附加的,另外的 additionally adv. 此外 add vt. 增加,增添,补充说 add something to something: 把某物添加到某物中 add to 增加 add up 把……加起来;合计 add up to 合计达;结果是 add that...: 补充说…… addition [ d n] n. 添加;加法;增加物 additional adj. 附加的,另外的 additionally adv. 此外 add vt. 增加,增添,补充说 Add A to B: 把A加到B里(强调动作)。 Please add some milk to the flour. (请把牛奶加到面粉里。) Add to something: 增加,加剧(通常指抽象事物,如问题、价值等)。 The noise added to my headache. (噪音加剧了我的头痛。) Add up to something: 总计达到……(强调结果)。 All the expenses add up to 1000 dollars. (所有开支加起来总共是1000美元。) treat [ tri:t] ️ 一、作为动词 1. 对待,看待,处理 treat sb as… : 把某人当作……来看待 treat sb like …: 像对待……一样对待某人 treat … as a joke/matter: 把…当儿戏/正事 treat a problem/subject: 处理/探讨一个问题/主题 趁热打铁 You should treat everyone with respect. 你应该尊重地对待每个人。 She treats me as an equal. 她把我当作平等的人看待。 We need to treat this issue seriously. 我们需要认真对待这个问题。 The book treats the subject of climate change in depth. 这本书深入探讨了气候变化这个主题。 treat [ tri:t] ️ 一、作为动词 2. 医疗,治疗 treat a patient (with sth) (用某物)治疗病人 treat an illness/injury: 治疗疾病/伤痛 be treated for something: 因……而接受治疗 趁热打铁 The doctor is trying to find the best way to treat this condition. 医生正在设法找到治疗这种病症的最佳方法。 He is being treated for a knee injury. 他正在接受膝盖伤势的治疗。 This medicine will treat the symptoms but not the cause. 这种药能治疗症状,但治不了病根。 treat [ tri:t] ️ 一、作为动词 3. 款待,请客 指花钱让别人享受美食、娱乐等。 treat someone to sth : 用…犒劳某人 treat yourself: 奖励/犒劳自己 趁热打铁 He treated his friends to dinner to celebrate his birthday. 为了庆祝生日,他请朋友们吃饭。 Let me treat you to a movie. 让我请你看场电影吧。 After a long week of work, I decided to treat myself to a spa day. 辛苦工作了一周后,我决定去水疗中心犒劳一下自己。 treat [ tri:t] 二、作为名词 1. 乐趣,享受,款待 指花钱让别人享受美食、娱乐等。 a real treat: 真是一大享受 what a treat!: 太棒了!真让人高兴! 趁热打铁 For me, reading a good book is a real treat. 对我来说,读一本好书真是一种享受。 What a treat to see you again after all these years! 多年未见,再次见到你真是太棒了! treat [ tri:t] 二、作为名词 2. (尤指为庆祝而吃的)好吃的东西,美食 指平时不常吃、用来庆祝或款待的美味食物。 This chocolate cake is a real treat. 这个巧克力蛋糕真是一道美味。 Don't eat all your Halloween treats at once! 别一下子把你万圣节讨来的糖果都吃光了! treat [ tri:t] ️ 四、重要辨析 Treat vs. Cure 1 cure 动词&名词,意为“治愈;治疗(...…的方法)”, 1)通常强调结果,指治愈疾病; 2)常有cure sb of sth的介词搭配,有时引申意为纠正;3)做名词表“对….的治疗”或“治疗.….的方法”,一般用介词for。 2 treat 动词,意为“治疗”, 1)通常强调过程,指对病人进行诊断和治疗,但不含治好的意思; 2)常有treat sb for sth的介词搭配。 医疗与健康领域(最常见) Medical treatment 医疗救治,治疗。 Course of treatment 一个疗程,治疗过程。 Under treatment 正在接受治疗中。 Treatment options 治疗方案,治疗选择。 Side effects of treatment治疗的副作用。 人际交往与态度 Fair treatment公平对待。 Harsh / Cruel treatment 苛刻的/残忍的对待 Special treatment 特殊待遇。 treatment [ tri:tm nt] n. 治疗;对待;处理 工业、技术与加工 Water treatment 水处理 Waste treatment 废物处理 Data treatment 数据处理(在学术或IT领域常用) Heat treatment 热处理(金属加工) 常见动词搭配 Receive / Get treatment:接受治疗 Seek treatment:寻求治疗 Provide treatment:提供治疗 Respond to treatment:对治疗有反应/见效 Resist treatment:对治疗无反应/耐药 treatment [ tri:tm nt] n. 治疗;对待;处理 set sth up 安装好(设备或机器) 与“开始、启动”相关的搭配 Set off 出发,动身. 引爆,触发 We set off early to avoid traffic. (为了避开交通高峰,我们早早出发了。) The loud noise set off the car alarms. (巨大的响声触发了汽车警报。) set sth up 安装好(设备或机器) 与“开始、启动”相关的搭配 Set out 动身,出发(较正式):They set out on a journey around the world. (他们踏上了环游世界的旅程。) 开始(做某事)set out to do sth:He set out to break the world record. (他立志要打破世界纪录。) 陈列,阐述:The terms of the agreement are set out in the contract. (协议条款在合同中列明了。) set sth up 安装好(设备或机器) 与“开始、启动”相关的搭配 set about (doing something) 着手,开始做 We need to set about finding a solution. (我们需要着手寻找解决方案。) set in 不好的天气、时期等)开始并持续 与“设定、确立”相关的搭配 set up 建立,设立:They set up a new company. (他们创办了一家新公司。) 安装,布置:Can you help me set up the tent? (你能帮我搭帐篷吗?) 安排,设定:I'll set up a meeting for next week. (我会安排一场下周的会议。) set sth up 安装好(设备或机器) 与“设定、确立”相关的搭配 Set aside 留出,拨出(时间、金钱等):She sets aside an hour every day for exercise. (她每天留出一小时锻炼。) 把……抛在脑后,不予考虑:Let's set aside our differences and work together. (让我们抛开分歧,一起合作吧。) Set down 放下(手中的东西):He set down his glass and stood up. (他放下玻璃杯站了起来。) 记下,写下:Please set down your ideas on paper. (请把你的想法写在纸上。) set sth up 安装好(设备或机器) 与“设定、确立”相关的搭配 Set a date / goal / limit 确定日期/目标/限制:They have set a date for the wedding. (他们定下了婚礼日期。) 与“状态、固定”相关的搭配 Settle down (注意:这里是 "settle",但常与 "set" 混淆,意为安顿下来) 安家,安定下来:He wants to settle down and have a family. (他想安定下来成个家。) Set in stone 固定不变的,不可更改的:Our plans aren't set in stone yet. (我们的计划还没最终定下来。) set sth up 安装好(设备或机器) 常见名词搭配(形容词 + set) A full set 一套,一副:a full set of teeth (一副完整的牙齿) / a full set of tools (一套工具) A fixed set 固定的一套:a fixed set of rules (一套固定的规则) A standard set 标准配置:a standard set of equipment (一套标准设备) set sth up 安装好(设备或机器) 搭配 含义 例句 Set off 出发;引爆 The fireworks set off the explosives. Set out 出发;开始;陈列 She set out her arguments clearly. Set about 着手做 How do we set about cleaning this mess? Set up 建立;安装 He set up his own business. Set aside 拨出;搁置 Set aside your prejudices. Set down 放下;记下 Set down the heavy box. Set in (坏天气等)开始 Old age had set in. get through (设法)处理;完成 出发与移动 (Movement) get away 离开,逃脱:We need to get away from the city for the weekend. (我们需要在周末逃离城市。) 休假:How long was your vacation? — I managed to get away for five days. (你休了多久假?—— 我成功休了五天假。) get through (设法)处理;完成 出发与移动 (Movement) get by 勉强过活,过得去:The rent is high, but we can get by on a small income. (房租很高,但我们靠微薄的收入也能勉强维持。) 过得去(指水平):My French isn't great, but I can get by when I travel. (我的法语不怎么样,但旅行时勉强够用。) 出发与移动 (Movement) get by 勉强过活,过得去:The rent is high, but we can get by on a small income. (房租很高,但我们靠微薄的收入也能勉强维持。) 过得去(指水平):My French isn't great, but I can get by when I travel. (我的法语不怎么样,但旅行时勉强够用。) get in/out 进入/出去:It was raining, so we hurried to get in the car. (下雨了,所以我们赶紧上了车。) get on/off 上车/下车(交通工具):Please get on the bus quickly. (请快点上车。) / He got off at the wrong stop. (他在错误的车站下车了。) 处理与理解 (Dealing & Understanding) get over 克服,恢复:It took him a long time to get over his illness. (他花了很长时间才从病中恢复过来。) 原谅:I can't get over how rude he was. (我无法原谅他的粗鲁。) 处理与理解 (Dealing & Understanding) get through 通过(考试/难关):She finally got through her driving test. (她终于通过了驾照考试。) 接通电话:I can't get through to his office; the line is busy. (我打不通他办公室的电话,线路占线。) 用完,耗尽:We got through all the food at the party. (我们把派对上的食物都吃光了。) 处理与理解 (Dealing & Understanding) get across (使思想、信息)被理解,讲清楚:The teacher's explanation didn't get across to the students. (老师的解释学生没听懂。) get along (with) 相处(融洽):Do you get along with your boss? (你和老板处得好吗?) 目标与完成 (Achievement & Completion) get down to 开始认真做某事: Stop playing games and get down to work. (别玩游戏了,开始认真工作吧。) get around (消息)传开:The news of the scandal got around quickly. (丑闻的消息很快就传开了。) 四处走动(指有困难时):After the accident, he couldn't get around very easily. (事故后,他行动不便。) Thank You ! Words and Expressions 人教版2019必修第二册 $