第05讲 Unit 5 Poems重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练(选择性必修三) （寒假预习讲义）高二英语人教版

第05讲 Unit 5 Poems重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练(选择性必修三) 一、精讲X3 U5 重点单词+词组 一、词汇清单 知识点1 poem n. 诗；韵文 教材原句 A poem can capture a moment or emotion in a way that ordinary language cannot. 诗歌能够以普通语言无法做到的方式捕捉瞬间或情感。 [拓展] (1) write/compose a poem 写/创作一首诗 (2) a narrative/lyric poem 叙事/抒情诗 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① She read us a beautiful __________ (poem) about nature. ② He enjoys __________ (write) poems in his spare time. 知识点2 poet n. 诗人 教材原句 The poet uses vivid imagery to paint a picture in the reader's mind. 诗人运用生动的意象在读者脑海中描绘一幅画面。 [拓展] (1) a renowned poet 一位著名的诗人 (2) poetic adj. 诗的；富有诗意的 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Li Bai is one of the greatest __________ (poet) in Chinese history. ② The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost __________ (poetry). 知识点3 poetry n. 诗歌（总称）；诗意 教材原句 Poetry often appeals to our senses and emotions more directly than prose. 诗歌通常比散文更直接地诉诸我们的感官和情感。 [拓展] (1) modern/classical poetry 现代/古典诗歌 (2) a collection of poetry 诗集 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He has a deep appreciation for English __________ (poet). ② The __________ (poet) beauty of her words moved the audience. 知识点4 rhyme n. 韵；押韵 v.（使）押韵 教材原句 The use of rhyme and rhythm can make a poem more musical and memorable. 押韵和节奏的运用可以使诗歌更具音乐性和记忆点。 [拓展] (1) rhyme scheme 韵律格式 (2) without rhyme or reason 毫无道理；莫名其妙 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① “Cat” and “hat” __________ (rhyme) with each other. ② The poem has a regular __________ (rhyme) scheme. 知识点5 rhythm n. 节奏；韵律 教材原句 The steady rhythm of the poem mimics the sound of a heartbeat. 这首诗稳定的节奏模仿了心跳的声音。 [拓展] (1) rhythmic(al) adj. 有节奏的 (2) sense of rhythm 节奏感 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① The music had a strong, driving __________ (rhythmic). ② She moved to the __________ (rhythm) of the drums. 知识点6 imagery n. 意象；形象化的描述 教材原句 The imagery in the poem—the “golden daffodils”—creates a sense of joy and vitality. 诗中的意象——“金色的水仙花”——营造出一种欢乐与活力的感觉。 [拓展] (1) visual imagery 视觉意象 (2) use/employ imagery 运用意象 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① The writer’s rich __________ (image) brings the story to life. ② The poem is full of powerful visual __________ (image). 知识点7 metaphor n. 隐喻；暗喻 教材原句 “Time is a thief” is a common metaphor. “时光是小偷”是一个常见的隐喻。 [拓展] (1) metaphorical adj. 隐喻性的 (2) use sth. as a metaphor for... 用某物作为...的隐喻 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① She described the company as a family, using it as a __________ (metaphor) for closeness. ② His __________ (metaphor) language made the abstract idea easier to understand. 知识点8 simile n. 明喻 教材原句 A simile compares two things using “like” or “as”, such as “as brave as a lion”. 明喻使用“like”或“as”比较两个事物，例如“像狮子一样勇敢”。 [拓展] make/draw a simile 作一个明喻 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： Her smile was __________ bright __________ the sun. (用介词填空构成明喻) 知识点9 verse n. 诗节；诗句；韵文 教材原句 The final verse of the poem delivers its most powerful message. 这首诗的最后一节传达了它最有力的信息。 [拓展] (1) a poem of four verses 一首四节诗 (2) in verse 用韵文写成 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He quoted a __________ (verse) from Shakespeare. ② Many ancient stories were written __________ verse. 知识点10 stanza n. （诗的）节 教材原句 Each stanza in this poem presents a different image of autumn. 这首诗的每一节都呈现了秋天不同的意象。 [拓展] a four-line stanza 一个四行诗节 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： The poem is divided into three __________ (stanza). 二、短语清单 be composed of 由...组成 convey emotions/ideas 传达情感/思想 call up memories/feelings 唤起回忆/情感 be compared to/with 被比作/与...相比 make a comparison 作比较 give sb. an insight into 使某人深刻理解... in tune with 与...协调一致 play with words 玩文字游戏 a variety of 多种多样的 reflect on 反思；思考 [牛刀小试] 用所给短语的适当形式填空 1.The committee __________ ten experts from different fields. (be composed of) 2.A good poem can __________ strong emotions in its readers. (call up) 3.The poet’s experience __________ him __________ the lives of the poor. (give...an insight into) 4.The rhythm of the poem seems to be perfectly __________ the theme of nature. (in tune with) 三、熟词生义 foot n. 脚；英尺（常见义） n. （诗律中的）音步（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 foot 的适当形式填空。 In poetry, an iamb is a __________ consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one. stress n.&v. 压力；强调（常见义） n. （诗歌中的）重读；重音（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 stress 的适当形式填空。 In the word “poem”, the __________ falls on the first syllable. 二、精讲X3 U4 重点句型： “疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语： The poet must decide how to arrange the words for the best effect. what引导的名词性从句（主语从句）： What makes this poem unique is its unusual perspective. It is/was...that/who...强调句型（用于突出诗歌要素）： It is the imagery, not the rhyme, that leaves the deepest impression on me. 现在分词短语作状语： Using simple language, the poem expresses complex emotions. as引导的非限制性定语从句（指代整个主句）： The poem can be interpreted in many ways, as is often the case with great works of art. “so...that...”结果状语从句： The rhythm was so captivating that I found myself tapping my foot. [牛刀小试] 根据句型要求，用括号内所给提示完成句子。 1.（疑问词+不定式）The workshop teaches beginners __________ a haiku. (how, write) 2.（What引导主语从句）__________ appeals to me most is the poem’s musical quality. (what) 3.（强调句型）__________ in the quiet countryside __________ he found inspiration for his best poems. (it, be) 4.（现在分词短语作状语）__________ ordinary objects, the poet reveals extraordinary beauty. (use) XB3U5词汇变形、短语和精练题： 一. 词汇拓展 1. _________n.戏;剧;戏剧艺术→_________adj.戏剧的;引人注目的 _________n./v.竞赛;争论→__________n.竞争者(=__________);参赛者 2. ______n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事vi.感到悲伤→________adj.悲伤的 __________n.偏见vt.使有偏见 ______v.押韵→________n.节奏;韵律 _______n.悲伤(=______),悲痛→_______vt.使悲伤,使苦恼 _________adj.绝望的;拼命的;渴望的→_________adv.绝望地;拼命地;极度地→__________n. 3. ________adj.文学的;爱好文学的→_________ n.文学;文献;文艺;著作 _____ n.线;细绳;弦vt.装弦于;上弦→________adj.有弦的 4. ___________n.业余爱好者adj.业余的;业余爱好的→___________ n.专业人员;职业选手adj.专业的;职业的 core n._________ 5. __________adv.分别;各自;依次为→___________ adj.分别的;各自的 6. ______(形近词:_______vt.致力;献身) adj.微妙的;易碎的;柔和的;精美的;可口的→_________n.精致,精美;娇嫩;美食→_______ adv.微妙地;精致地 7. ___________n.理解(=___________=____________n.理解,解释);领悟力;理解练习→___________ vt.理解→___________ adj.广泛的,综合的 8. ______n.同情,赞同→________ adj.有同情心的;赞同的 同样变法:______n.能量;精力→_______adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→___________adv. 9．___________n.天真;单纯;无罪→___________ adj.天真无邪的;无辜的;无罪的(=___________) 10. ______________n.来往信件;通信联系→___________vi.相一致(____);符合;相当于;通信→___________ adj.对应的;符合的,一致的 11. ___________vt.使复杂化→___________ adj.复杂的(=_______),难处理的 12. ________n.种族;竞赛v.和…竞赛→___________ adj.种族的 ______n.种子vt.播种 ______vt.除草;铲除n.杂草,野草 ______n.行动;行为 13. ___________vt.支配;控制;占优势→___________ adj.支配的,统治的;占优势的→___________/___________n. 14. _______n.黎明,拂晓 ______n.黄昏 _____________ 在黎明/黄昏 形近词:_______ n.草坪 15._______v.取笑,戏弄=____________________ _____vt.减轻(=______=________),缓和;使安心n.安逸,悠闲;轻松 __________安逸,自由自在 16.______v.变化→______adj.各种各样的→________n.变/异体;多样化→__________n.变化/动 17. ____adj.公/平民的→______n.平民;百姓 ___v.安装(=___v.安装;固定;修理)使…适应/相符;adj.合适的;健康的;n.适合;匹配;痉挛,昏厥;一阵,突发 害怕的/惊恐的: =_______=________=________=________=_______=______=__________ rest v.休息;放松;停留/依靠(rest on);n._____________;休息 review/revise: 18. ______adv.经常;定期地→_______ adj.定期的;经/正常的;规律的→________adj.不规则/无规律的→_________n.规章,规则 _____________常客 19.___________vt.释放(=___________);发行(=_________v.出版;公布);发布(=______n./v.流出;发布;问/议题) 20. _______vt.使生效,贯彻,执行n.工具,器具,用具 ______=________日程安排 ________n./v.承诺→__________adj.有希望的,有前途的 21.___________adj.小心的,谨慎的→_________n.小心,谨慎;警告(=_________),警示vt.警告(=___________) 22. _______vt.涉及;使担忧→_________adj.担心的;相关的→___________prep.关于 和…有关______________ 担忧/关心…_________________- 23. _______vt.＆vi.递送;传达 vt.发表(___________);接生(___________)→_________n.发表;递送 ★同样变化:______v.恢复→_________n.恢复 24. ___________v./n.经验(不可数),经历,体验(可数)→___________adj.有经验的,老练的 ____________n.实验,试验(=_____=____) 25.________vt.任命;委派;约定→___________n.任命;委派;约会;约定 _______n.记忆;回忆→_________v.记忆/住 为了纪念…:___________ 26.________vt.促进(=_______=________=_____);提升;推销;晋级→_________n.→__________adj.促销的,宣传的 ______n.镜子;写照v.反映,模仿 27. 对比: strike v.(strike-_____-_____)侵袭;突击;击打n.罢工;罢课;袭击→______ n.罢工者 stick v.粘;戳;刺;坚持(to _____);伸出(strike-_____-_____)n.棍 困于…:be ______/_______/______in… 二、汉译英 1． [ rɪˈspektɪv ] adj. 分别的；各自的 2． [ ˈblɒsəm ] n. 花朵；花簇 3． [ ˈdelɪkət ] adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 4． [ əˈweɪt ] vt. 等候；期待；将发生在 5． [ rɪˈvɒlv ] vi. 旋转；环绕；转动 6． [ ˈʌtə(r)] vt. 出声；说；讲 7． [ˈθɜːrəʊ] adj. 完全的；十足的；彻底的 8． [ ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn ] n. 理解力；领悟力；理解练习 9． [ ʃelf ] n. (pl. shelves) 架子；搁板 10． [ kɔː ] n. 核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿 11． [ ˈtʃeri ] n. 樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 adj. 樱桃色的；鲜红色的 12． [ˈtʃeri ˈblɒsəm] n. 樱花 13． [ blæŋk ] adj. 空白的；没表情的 n. 空白；空格 14． [ vɜːs ] n. 诗；韵文；诗节 15． [səˈvɪliən] n. 平民；老百姓 16． [ kɒnˈtest ]  vt. 争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩 17． [ˈpɒlɪʃ] vt. 修改；润色；抛光 n. 上光剂；抛光；擦亮 18． [strɪŋ ] n. 细绳；线；一串 19． [ strʌŋ ] vt.悬挂；系 20． [strɪŋd]. adj. 弦乐器的；线织的 21． [ weərˈevə(r)] conj. 在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 22． [ weərˈevə(r)] adv. (用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里 23． [ˈbærən ] adj. 贫瘠的；不结果实的 24． [ɡriːf ] n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 25． [ ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd ] adj. 复杂的；难懂的 26． [ˌveəriˈeɪʃn] n. 变化；变体；变奏曲； 27． [ˈreɪʃl ] adj. 种族的；人种的 28． [ ˈpredʒʊdɪs ] n. 偏见；成见；vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见 29． [ biː ] n. 蜜蜂 30． [ ˈdjuːdrɒp ] n. 露珠；水珠 31． [ dɔːn ] n. 黎明；开端；萌芽 32． [ ˈkləʊvə(r) ] n. 三叶草 33． [ ˈbʌtəflaɪ ] n. 蝴蝶 34． [ lɔːn ] n. 草坪；草地 35． [ ˈæmətə(r) ] n.业余爱好者 adj. 业余的；业余爱好的 36． [ sɪŋ'keɪn ] n. 五行诗 37． [kənˈsɪst] vi. 由……组成(构成) 38． [ muːd ] n. 情绪；心情；语气 39． [ tiːz ] vi & vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄 40． [ ˈhaɪkuː ] n. 俳句 41． [ ˈsɪləbl ]  n. 音节 42． [ ˈfɔːmæt ] n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt. 格式化 43． [rɪˈspektɪvli] adv. 分别；各自；依次为 三、重难短语精练 1． 想到 2． 例如 3． 有意义；讲得通 4． 由……组成(构成) 5． 一种……的形式 6． 由……组成 7． 受……欢迎 8． 被翻译成 9． 试一试 10． 不管；不顾 11． 播下(……的)种子 12． 某人的余生 13． 对……有影响 14． 跟上；保持联系 15． 盼望 16. 简明恰当的 17. 尤其;特别 18. 把……与……做比较 19. 相当多;不少 20. 表达某人自己的思想感情 21. 讲得通;有意义 22. 爱上 四、单句语法填空 1．Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers, for night is the time their bodies grow faster. 2．I don’t know the reason she got so angry this morning. 3．I can never forget the day we worked together, and the place we visited together. 4．My great grandpa went to a boarding school it was not allowed to speak his native language. 5．In a society being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. 6．This is the small stage many young singers first performed in public, starting their journey to pursue music. 7．Mary is now in a situation she needs to decide which university to choose. 8．You can check out their (respect) sites for more information. 9．Consisting of a bamboo frame and a (delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese oilpaper umbrellas have long been viewed as a symbol of China’s tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty. 10．Now Fagan runs The Financial Diet with graphic designer Lauren Ver Hage. Their team     (make) up of another five women and multiple guest contributors. 11．Students’ (comprehend) of words in a foreign language improves if teachers pair each word with a gesture. 12．Recently, Professor Tuthill and Norris captured (image) of the biggest ever giant gas planet that is some 500 light-years away from the Earth. 13．Joining in the football league match are interested (amateur) from all walks of life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．The had a plot twist that left the audience shocked. (drama) 15．We need to this theory thoroughly to improve our of its core ideas. (comprehend) 16．To build trust within a team, members should communicate in a way with each other, and leaders should also understand the needs of different individuals. (respect) 17．Her was so deep that her expression touched everyone around. (sorrow) 18．Her sons were three and six (respective) and therefore she was as busy as a bee the whole day. 19．Please convey my apologies your wife. 20．We stopped at (vary) places along the way. 21．He spoke more sorrow than in anger. 22．You should make a friend who will share your joys and (sorrow). 23．When pupils do reading (comprehend), they do an exercise to find out how well they understand a piece of spoken or written language. 24．The poet carefully chose words that (rhyme). 25．I had (butterfly) in my stomach, since it would soon be my turn to make a speech before so many people. 26．I did very badly at the beginning, so I was often (tease) by other students. 27． (revolve) quickly and repeatedly around one’s own axis. 28．The man (polish) it till it shone like a mirror. 29．The lights (string) across the yard created a warm and festive atmosphere. 30． (contest) were grouped according to age and ability. 五、小语段填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Statistics show that there are more than 1.9 billion videos related to stove-boiled tea on social media platforms. “Stove-boiled tea”, a 1 (new) emerging social activity among young Chinese people, has been filling up social media feeds. Usually 2 (consist) of several friends who gather to sit around a fire stove, they together enjoy the smell of charcoal-grilled (炭烤的) snacks and socialize 3 waiting for the tea to boil. Though it has recently regained 4 (popular), cooking tea on a stove actually has 5 long history in China. “Stove-boiled tea” is originated from an intangible cultural heritage from southwest China’s Yunnan Province: huotang roasted tea. Huotang is a type of kang, a stone stove, 6 (use) for heating in Yunnan. As an important source of heat and light 7 aids cooking, sleeping, and even interpersonal relationships and 8 (gathering) in the households of ethnic minorities in the region, a kind of huotang culture thus formed around it. Stove-boiled tea acts as a social way of combining ancient 9 modern elements, attracting many young people who love both tourism and traditional tea culture. In many ways, it is a perfect activity 10 (spend) the winter, warming body and soul in the cold months. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 六、高级句式表达 1．那么, 为什么他突然强迫我做一件我肯定会失败的事情呢？ So, why did he suddenly force me to do something ? 2．我们的任务是画一些给我们留下最深刻印象的东西。 We were tasked to . 3．The reason is that I want to improve my spoken English. 我想申请这个职位的原因是我想提高我的英语口语水平。 4．父母们经常谈论他们记得的初中时期的人和物。(remember) Our parents often talk about the people and the things in their middle school. 5．我校许多学霸分享了他们的学习经验和独特的学习方法，这对那些对学习感到困惑的人是有益的。（who 引导定语从句） Many top students in our school shared their study experience and unique learning methods, which are beneficial to those . 6．我们筹集的所有资金将用作助学金，捐给那些住在边远山区的学生，帮助他们完成学业。(who引导定语从句) All the money we raised will be used as grant funds and go to the students , helping them complete their education. 7．我的日记不仅是我记下发生在我身上的事情的地方，也是我最好的朋友，我可以告诉它我最深的感受和想法。(where引导定语从句) My diary is not only the place but a best friend who I can tell my deepest feelings and thoughts to. 8．正如这个节日的名字所示，人们举行龙舟比赛来庆祝它，特别是在有许多河流和湖泊的南方。（where引导定语从句） As the festival name shows, people have dragon boat races to celebrate it, especially in the southern places . 9．我写信是想和你分享我上个月和我的同学一起参加的志愿活动。（动词不定式作目的状语） I am writing I took part in last month with my classmates. 10．无论他走到哪里，他总是把开心和温暖带给大家。(go) , he always brings joy and warmth to others. 11．这是你赞成这个建议的理由吗？ Is this you are in favour of the proposal? 12．这个曾经吸引了很多注意的著名篮球明星努力地想东山再起。 The famous basketball star once attracted a lot of attention tried to make a comeback. 13．我把我朋友的家庭住址给你，在那儿大多数晚上你打电话都能找到我。 I’ll give you my friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings. 14．由于经济危机，当地的五星级宾馆每晚收费6000元的日子已经一去不复返了。 Because of the financial crisis, days are gone     local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. 15．我出生在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良市，一个单凭名字就可以让我们想象到一幅有树、有草的美丽画面的城市。 I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. 16．我在口袋里什么也没发现，这个事实就像一把长矛刺进我的心脏，立刻开始流血。 I found nothing in my pocket, which started to bleed immediately. 17．如果你能告诉我你什么时候有空，我将不胜感激，以便我们稍后讨论比赛。(so that 引导目的状语从句) I would appreciate it if you could kindly tell me when you are available 18．Workers built shelters for survivors . 工人为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 19．People in modern times can read the classic works by Chinese in ancient times. 现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。 20．公司的氛围已不再是十年前那个充满活力的环境了。 The company’s atmosphere is no longer the lively environment it was a decade ago. 21．David大喊，指向火灾发生的地方，向他示意打火警电话。 David yelled, and signing him to make a fire call. 22．有规律的体育活动是提升我们身心健康的一个关键因素。(定语从句) Regular physical activity is a key factor . 23．这次比赛不仅提高了我的英语水平，也开阔了我的视野。 Not only my English skills, but it also broadened my horizons. 24．已达到7.8级的地震突然袭击了新西兰南岛，导致数百次余震和海啸。 An earthquake reached a magnitude of 7.8 suddenly the South Island, New Zealand, hundreds of aftershocks and a tsunami. 25．一个专家可以是任何在一个非常狭窄的领域里犯过所有错误的人。 An expert can be that can be made in a very narrow field. 26．政府不遗余力的帮助了那些家园遭受破坏的人们。(effort, whose引导的定语从句) The government to help people . 27．Jordan’s skills were impressive, . 乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为独一无二的球星。 28．Families can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. = Families can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. 庆祝农历新年的家庭可以一起欣赏激 动人心的舞龙和嘉年华。 ( 第 1 页 共 12 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第05讲 Unit 5 Poems重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练(选择性必修三) 一、精讲X3 U5 重点单词+词组 一、词汇清单 知识点1 poem n. 诗；韵文 教材原句 A poem can capture a moment or emotion in a way that ordinary language cannot. 诗歌能够以普通语言无法做到的方式捕捉瞬间或情感。 [拓展] (1) write/compose a poem 写/创作一首诗 (2) a narrative/lyric poem 叙事/抒情诗 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① She read us a beautiful __________ (poem) about nature. ② He enjoys __________ (write) poems in his spare time. 答案：① poem ② writing 知识点2 poet n. 诗人 教材原句 The poet uses vivid imagery to paint a picture in the reader's mind. 诗人运用生动的意象在读者脑海中描绘一幅画面。 [拓展] (1) a renowned poet 一位著名的诗人 (2) poetic adj. 诗的；富有诗意的 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Li Bai is one of the greatest __________ (poet) in Chinese history. ② The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost __________ (poetry). 答案：① poets ② poetic 知识点3 poetry n. 诗歌（总称）；诗意 教材原句 Poetry often appeals to our senses and emotions more directly than prose. 诗歌通常比散文更直接地诉诸我们的感官和情感。 [拓展] (1) modern/classical poetry 现代/古典诗歌 (2) a collection of poetry 诗集 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He has a deep appreciation for English __________ (poet). ② The __________ (poet) beauty of her words moved the audience. 答案：① poetry ② poetic 知识点4 rhyme n. 韵；押韵 v.（使）押韵 教材原句 The use of rhyme and rhythm can make a poem more musical and memorable. 押韵和节奏的运用可以使诗歌更具音乐性和记忆点。 [拓展] (1) rhyme scheme 韵律格式 (2) without rhyme or reason 毫无道理；莫名其妙 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① “Cat” and “hat” __________ (rhyme) with each other. ② The poem has a regular __________ (rhyme) scheme. 答案：① rhyme ② rhyme/rhyming 知识点5 rhythm n. 节奏；韵律 教材原句 The steady rhythm of the poem mimics the sound of a heartbeat. 这首诗稳定的节奏模仿了心跳的声音。 [拓展] (1) rhythmic(al) adj. 有节奏的 (2) sense of rhythm 节奏感 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① The music had a strong, driving __________ (rhythmic). ② She moved to the __________ (rhythm) of the drums. 答案：① rhythm ② rhythm 知识点6 imagery n. 意象；形象化的描述 教材原句 The imagery in the poem—the “golden daffodils”—creates a sense of joy and vitality. 诗中的意象——“金色的水仙花”——营造出一种欢乐与活力的感觉。 [拓展] (1) visual imagery 视觉意象 (2) use/employ imagery 运用意象 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① The writer’s rich __________ (image) brings the story to life. ② The poem is full of powerful visual __________ (image). 答案：① imagery ② imagery 知识点7 metaphor n. 隐喻；暗喻 教材原句 “Time is a thief” is a common metaphor. “时光是小偷”是一个常见的隐喻。 [拓展] (1) metaphorical adj. 隐喻性的 (2) use sth. as a metaphor for... 用某物作为...的隐喻 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① She described the company as a family, using it as a __________ (metaphor) for closeness. ② His __________ (metaphor) language made the abstract idea easier to understand. 答案：① metaphor ② metaphorical 知识点8 simile n. 明喻 教材原句 A simile compares two things using “like” or “as”, such as “as brave as a lion”. 明喻使用“like”或“as”比较两个事物，例如“像狮子一样勇敢”。 [拓展] make/draw a simile 作一个明喻 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： Her smile was __________ bright __________ the sun. (用介词填空构成明喻) 答案： as; as 知识点9 verse n. 诗节；诗句；韵文 教材原句 The final verse of the poem delivers its most powerful message. 这首诗的最后一节传达了它最有力的信息。 [拓展] (1) a poem of four verses 一首四节诗 (2) in verse 用韵文写成 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He quoted a __________ (verse) from Shakespeare. ② Many ancient stories were written __________ verse. 答案：① verse ② in 知识点10 stanza n. （诗的）节 教材原句 Each stanza in this poem presents a different image of autumn. 这首诗的每一节都呈现了秋天不同的意象。 [拓展] a four-line stanza 一个四行诗节 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： The poem is divided into three __________ (stanza). 答案： stanzas 二、短语清单 be composed of 由...组成 convey emotions/ideas 传达情感/思想 call up memories/feelings 唤起回忆/情感 be compared to/with 被比作/与...相比 make a comparison 作比较 give sb. an insight into 使某人深刻理解... in tune with 与...协调一致 play with words 玩文字游戏 a variety of 多种多样的 reflect on 反思；思考 [牛刀小试] 用所给短语的适当形式填空 1.The committee __________ ten experts from different fields. (be composed of) 答案：is composed of 2.A good poem can __________ strong emotions in its readers. (call up) 答案：call up 3.The poet’s experience __________ him __________ the lives of the poor. (give...an insight into) 答案：gave; an insight into 4.The rhythm of the poem seems to be perfectly __________ the theme of nature. (in tune with) 答案：in tune with 三、熟词生义 foot n. 脚；英尺（常见义） n. （诗律中的）音步（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 foot 的适当形式填空。 In poetry, an iamb is a __________ consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one. 答案：foot 解析：句意“在诗歌中，一个抑扬格音步由一个非重读音节后跟一个重读音节组成。”此处“foot”是其生义，指“音步”。 stress n.&v. 压力；强调（常见义） n. （诗歌中的）重读；重音（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 stress 的适当形式填空。 In the word “poem”, the __________ falls on the first syllable. 答案：stress 解析：句意“在‘poem’这个词中，重音落在第一个音节上。”此处“stress”是其生义，指“重音”。 二、精讲X3 U4 重点句型： “疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语： The poet must decide how to arrange the words for the best effect. what引导的名词性从句（主语从句）： What makes this poem unique is its unusual perspective. It is/was...that/who...强调句型（用于突出诗歌要素）： It is the imagery, not the rhyme, that leaves the deepest impression on me. 现在分词短语作状语： Using simple language, the poem expresses complex emotions. as引导的非限制性定语从句（指代整个主句）： The poem can be interpreted in many ways, as is often the case with great works of art. “so...that...”结果状语从句： The rhythm was so captivating that I found myself tapping my foot. [牛刀小试] 根据句型要求，用括号内所给提示完成句子。 1.（疑问词+不定式）The workshop teaches beginners __________ a haiku. (how, write) 答案：how to write 2.（What引导主语从句）__________ appeals to me most is the poem’s musical quality. (what) 答案：What 3.（强调句型）__________ in the quiet countryside __________ he found inspiration for his best poems. (it, be) 答案：It was; that 4.（现在分词短语作状语）__________ ordinary objects, the poet reveals extraordinary beauty. (use) 答案：Using XB3U5词汇变形、短语和精练题： 一. 词汇拓展 1. _________n.戏;剧;戏剧艺术→_________adj.戏剧的;引人注目的 _________n./v.竞赛;争论→__________n.竞争者(=__________);参赛者 2. ______n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事vi.感到悲伤→________adj.悲伤的 __________n.偏见vt.使有偏见 ______v.押韵→________n.节奏;韵律 _______n.悲伤(=______),悲痛→_______vt.使悲伤,使苦恼 _________adj.绝望的;拼命的;渴望的→_________adv.绝望地;拼命地;极度地→__________n. 3. ________adj.文学的;爱好文学的→_________ n.文学;文献;文艺;著作 _____ n.线;细绳;弦vt.装弦于;上弦→________adj.有弦的 4. ___________n.业余爱好者adj.业余的;业余爱好的→___________ n.专业人员;职业选手adj.专业的;职业的 core n._________ 5. __________adv.分别;各自;依次为→___________ adj.分别的;各自的 6. ______(形近词:_______vt.致力;献身) adj.微妙的;易碎的;柔和的;精美的;可口的→_________n.精致,精美;娇嫩;美食→_______ adv.微妙地;精致地 7. ___________n.理解(=___________=____________n.理解,解释);领悟力;理解练习→___________ vt.理解→___________ adj.广泛的,综合的 8. ______n.同情,赞同→________ adj.有同情心的;赞同的 同样变法:______n.能量;精力→_______adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→___________adv. 9．___________n.天真;单纯;无罪→___________ adj.天真无邪的;无辜的;无罪的(=___________) 10. ______________n.来往信件;通信联系→___________vi.相一致(____);符合;相当于;通信→___________ adj.对应的;符合的,一致的 11. ___________vt.使复杂化→___________ adj.复杂的(=_______),难处理的 12. ________n.种族;竞赛v.和…竞赛→___________ adj.种族的 ______n.种子vt.播种 ______vt.除草;铲除n.杂草,野草 ______n.行动;行为 13. ___________vt.支配;控制;占优势→___________ adj.支配的,统治的;占优势的→___________/___________n. 14. _______n.黎明,拂晓 ______n.黄昏 _____________ 在黎明/黄昏 形近词:_______ n.草坪 15._______v.取笑,戏弄=____________________ _____vt.减轻(=______=________),缓和;使安心n.安逸,悠闲;轻松 __________安逸,自由自在 16.______v.变化→______adj.各种各样的→________n.变/异体;多样化→__________n.变化/动 17. ____adj.公/平民的→______n.平民;百姓 ___v.安装(=___v.安装;固定;修理)使…适应/相符;adj.合适的;健康的;n.适合;匹配;痉挛,昏厥;一阵,突发 害怕的/惊恐的: =_______=________=________=________=_______=______=__________ rest v.休息;放松;停留/依靠(rest on);n._____________;休息 review/revise: 18. ______adv.经常;定期地→_______ adj.定期的;经/正常的;规律的→________adj.不规则/无规律的→_________n.规章,规则 _____________常客 19.___________vt.释放(=___________);发行(=_________v.出版;公布);发布(=______n./v.流出;发布;问/议题) 20. _______vt.使生效,贯彻,执行n.工具,器具,用具 ______=________日程安排 ________n./v.承诺→__________adj.有希望的,有前途的 21.___________adj.小心的,谨慎的→_________n.小心,谨慎;警告(=_________),警示vt.警告(=___________) 22. _______vt.涉及;使担忧→_________adj.担心的;相关的→___________prep.关于 和…有关______________ 担忧/关心…_________________- 23. _______vt.＆vi.递送;传达 vt.发表(___________);接生(___________)→_________n.发表;递送 ★同样变化:______v.恢复→_________n.恢复 24. ___________v./n.经验(不可数),经历,体验(可数)→___________adj.有经验的,老练的 ____________n.实验,试验(=_____=____) 25.________vt.任命;委派;约定→___________n.任命;委派;约会;约定 _______n.记忆;回忆→_________v.记忆/住 为了纪念…:___________ 26.________vt.促进(=_______=________=_____);提升;推销;晋级→_________n.→__________adj.促销的,宣传的 ______n.镜子;写照v.反映,模仿 27. 对比: strike v.(strike-_____-_____)侵袭;突击;击打n.罢工;罢课;袭击→______ n.罢工者 stick v.粘;戳;刺;坚持(to _____);伸出(strike-_____-_____)n.棍 困于…:be ______/_______/______in… 二、汉译英 1． [ rɪˈspektɪv ] adj. 分别的；各自的 2． [ ˈblɒsəm ] n. 花朵；花簇 3． [ ˈdelɪkət ] adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 4． [ əˈweɪt ] vt. 等候；期待；将发生在 5． [ rɪˈvɒlv ] vi. 旋转；环绕；转动 6． [ ˈʌtə(r)] vt. 出声；说；讲 7． [ˈθɜːrəʊ] adj. 完全的；十足的；彻底的 8． [ ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn ] n. 理解力；领悟力；理解练习 9． [ ʃelf ] n. (pl. shelves) 架子；搁板 10． [ kɔː ] n. 核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿 11． [ ˈtʃeri ] n. 樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 adj. 樱桃色的；鲜红色的 12． [ˈtʃeri ˈblɒsəm] n. 樱花 13． [ blæŋk ] adj. 空白的；没表情的 n. 空白；空格 14． [ vɜːs ] n. 诗；韵文；诗节 15． [səˈvɪliən] n. 平民；老百姓 16． [ kɒnˈtest ]  vt. 争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩 17． [ˈpɒlɪʃ] vt. 修改；润色；抛光 n. 上光剂；抛光；擦亮 18． [strɪŋ ] n. 细绳；线；一串 19． [ strʌŋ ] vt.悬挂；系 20． [strɪŋd]. adj. 弦乐器的；线织的 21． [ weərˈevə(r)] conj. 在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 22． [ weərˈevə(r)] adv. (用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里 23． [ˈbærən ] adj. 贫瘠的；不结果实的 24． [ɡriːf ] n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 25． [ ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd ] adj. 复杂的；难懂的 26． [ˌveəriˈeɪʃn] n. 变化；变体；变奏曲； 27． [ˈreɪʃl ] adj. 种族的；人种的 28． [ ˈpredʒʊdɪs ] n. 偏见；成见；vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见 29． [ biː ] n. 蜜蜂 30． [ ˈdjuːdrɒp ] n. 露珠；水珠 31． [ dɔːn ] n. 黎明；开端；萌芽 32． [ ˈkləʊvə(r) ] n. 三叶草 33． [ ˈbʌtəflaɪ ] n. 蝴蝶 34． [ lɔːn ] n. 草坪；草地 35． [ ˈæmətə(r) ] n.业余爱好者 adj. 业余的；业余爱好的 36． [ sɪŋ'keɪn ] n. 五行诗 37． [kənˈsɪst] vi. 由……组成(构成) 38． [ muːd ] n. 情绪；心情；语气 39． [ tiːz ] vi & vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄 40． [ ˈhaɪkuː ] n. 俳句 41． [ ˈsɪləbl ]  n. 音节 42． [ ˈfɔːmæt ] n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt. 格式化 43． [rɪˈspektɪvli] adv. 分别；各自；依次为 三、重难短语精练 1． 想到 2． 例如 3． 有意义；讲得通 4． 由……组成(构成) 5． 一种……的形式 6． 由……组成 7． 受……欢迎 8． 被翻译成 9． 试一试 10． 不管；不顾 11． 播下(……的)种子 12． 某人的余生 13． 对……有影响 14． 跟上；保持联系 15． 盼望 16. 简明恰当的 17. 尤其;特别 18. 把……与……做比较 19. 相当多;不少 20. 表达某人自己的思想感情 21. 讲得通;有意义 22. 爱上 四、单句语法填空 1．Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers, for night is the time their bodies grow faster. 2．I don’t know the reason she got so angry this morning. 3．I can never forget the day we worked together, and the place we visited together. 4．My great grandpa went to a boarding school it was not allowed to speak his native language. 5．In a society being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. 6．This is the small stage many young singers first performed in public, starting their journey to pursue music. 7．Mary is now in a situation she needs to decide which university to choose. 8．You can check out their (respect) sites for more information. 9．Consisting of a bamboo frame and a (delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese oilpaper umbrellas have long been viewed as a symbol of China’s tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty. 10．Now Fagan runs The Financial Diet with graphic designer Lauren Ver Hage. Their team     (make) up of another five women and multiple guest contributors. 11．Students’ (comprehend) of words in a foreign language improves if teachers pair each word with a gesture. 12．Recently, Professor Tuthill and Norris captured (image) of the biggest ever giant gas planet that is some 500 light-years away from the Earth. 13．Joining in the football league match are interested (amateur) from all walks of life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．The had a plot twist that left the audience shocked. (drama) 15．We need to this theory thoroughly to improve our of its core ideas. (comprehend) 16．To build trust within a team, members should communicate in a way with each other, and leaders should also understand the needs of different individuals. (respect) 17．Her was so deep that her expression touched everyone around. (sorrow) 18．Her sons were three and six (respective) and therefore she was as busy as a bee the whole day. 19．Please convey my apologies your wife. 20．We stopped at (vary) places along the way. 21．He spoke more sorrow than in anger. 22．You should make a friend who will share your joys and (sorrow). 23．When pupils do reading (comprehend), they do an exercise to find out how well they understand a piece of spoken or written language. 24．The poet carefully chose words that (rhyme). 25．I had (butterfly) in my stomach, since it would soon be my turn to make a speech before so many people. 26．I did very badly at the beginning, so I was often (tease) by other students. 27． (revolve) quickly and repeatedly around one’s own axis. 28．The man (polish) it till it shone like a mirror. 29．The lights (string) across the yard created a warm and festive atmosphere. 30． (contest) were grouped according to age and ability. 五、小语段填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Statistics show that there are more than 1.9 billion videos related to stove-boiled tea on social media platforms. “Stove-boiled tea”, a 1 (new) emerging social activity among young Chinese people, has been filling up social media feeds. Usually 2 (consist) of several friends who gather to sit around a fire stove, they together enjoy the smell of charcoal-grilled (炭烤的) snacks and socialize 3 waiting for the tea to boil. Though it has recently regained 4 (popular), cooking tea on a stove actually has 5 long history in China. “Stove-boiled tea” is originated from an intangible cultural heritage from southwest China’s Yunnan Province: huotang roasted tea. Huotang is a type of kang, a stone stove, 6 (use) for heating in Yunnan. As an important source of heat and light 7 aids cooking, sleeping, and even interpersonal relationships and 8 (gathering) in the households of ethnic minorities in the region, a kind of huotang culture thus formed around it. Stove-boiled tea acts as a social way of combining ancient 9 modern elements, attracting many young people who love both tourism and traditional tea culture. In many ways, it is a perfect activity 10 (spend) the winter, warming body and soul in the cold months. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 六、高级句式表达 1．那么, 为什么他突然强迫我做一件我肯定会失败的事情呢？ So, why did he suddenly force me to do something ? 2．我们的任务是画一些给我们留下最深刻印象的东西。 We were tasked to . 3．The reason is that I want to improve my spoken English. 我想申请这个职位的原因是我想提高我的英语口语水平。 4．父母们经常谈论他们记得的初中时期的人和物。(remember) Our parents often talk about the people and the things in their middle school. 5．我校许多学霸分享了他们的学习经验和独特的学习方法，这对那些对学习感到困惑的人是有益的。（who 引导定语从句） Many top students in our school shared their study experience and unique learning methods, which are beneficial to those . 6．我们筹集的所有资金将用作助学金，捐给那些住在边远山区的学生，帮助他们完成学业。(who引导定语从句) All the money we raised will be used as grant funds and go to the students , helping them complete their education. 7．我的日记不仅是我记下发生在我身上的事情的地方，也是我最好的朋友，我可以告诉它我最深的感受和想法。(where引导定语从句) My diary is not only the place but a best friend who I can tell my deepest feelings and thoughts to. 8．正如这个节日的名字所示，人们举行龙舟比赛来庆祝它，特别是在有许多河流和湖泊的南方。（where引导定语从句） As the festival name shows, people have dragon boat races to celebrate it, especially in the southern places . 9．我写信是想和你分享我上个月和我的同学一起参加的志愿活动。（动词不定式作目的状语） I am writing I took part in last month with my classmates. 10．无论他走到哪里，他总是把开心和温暖带给大家。(go) , he always brings joy and warmth to others. 11．这是你赞成这个建议的理由吗？ Is this you are in favour of the proposal? 12．这个曾经吸引了很多注意的著名篮球明星努力地想东山再起。 The famous basketball star once attracted a lot of attention tried to make a comeback. 13．我把我朋友的家庭住址给你，在那儿大多数晚上你打电话都能找到我。 I’ll give you my friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings. 14．由于经济危机，当地的五星级宾馆每晚收费6000元的日子已经一去不复返了。 Because of the financial crisis, days are gone     local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. 15．我出生在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良市，一个单凭名字就可以让我们想象到一幅有树、有草的美丽画面的城市。 I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. 16．我在口袋里什么也没发现，这个事实就像一把长矛刺进我的心脏，立刻开始流血。 I found nothing in my pocket, which started to bleed immediately. 17．如果你能告诉我你什么时候有空，我将不胜感激，以便我们稍后讨论比赛。(so that 引导目的状语从句) I would appreciate it if you could kindly tell me when you are available 18．Workers built shelters for survivors . 工人为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 19．People in modern times can read the classic works by Chinese in ancient times. 现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。 20．公司的氛围已不再是十年前那个充满活力的环境了。 The company’s atmosphere is no longer the lively environment it was a decade ago. 21．David大喊，指向火灾发生的地方，向他示意打火警电话。 David yelled, and signing him to make a fire call. 22．有规律的体育活动是提升我们身心健康的一个关键因素。(定语从句) Regular physical activity is a key factor . 23．这次比赛不仅提高了我的英语水平，也开阔了我的视野。 Not only my English skills, but it also broadened my horizons. 24．已达到7.8级的地震突然袭击了新西兰南岛，导致数百次余震和海啸。 An earthquake reached a magnitude of 7.8 suddenly the South Island, New Zealand, hundreds of aftershocks and a tsunami. 25．一个专家可以是任何在一个非常狭窄的领域里犯过所有错误的人。 An expert can be that can be made in a very narrow field. 26．政府不遗余力的帮助了那些家园遭受破坏的人们。(effort, whose引导的定语从句) The government to help people . 27．Jordan’s skills were impressive, . 乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为独一无二的球星。 28．Families can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. = Families can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. 庆祝农历新年的家庭可以一起欣赏激 动人心的舞龙和嘉年华。 XB3U5词汇变形、短语和精练题答案： 一、词汇拓展 1. drama n.戏;剧;戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧的;引人注目的 contest n./v.竞赛;争论→contestant n.竞争者(=competitor);参赛者 2. sorrow n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事vi.感到悲伤→ sorrowful adj.悲伤的,伤心的 prejudice n.偏见vt.使有偏见 rhyme v.押韵→rhythm n.节奏;韵律 grief n.悲伤(=sorrow),悲痛→grieve vt.使悲伤,使苦恼 desperate adj.绝望的;渴望的;拼命的→desperately adv.绝望地;拼命地;极度地→desperation n. 3. literary adj.文学的;爱好文学的→literature n.文学;文献;文艺;著作 string n.线;细绳;弦vt.装弦于;上弦→stringed adj.有弦的 4. amateur n.业余爱好者adj.业余的;业余爱好的→professional n.专业人员;职业选手adj.专业的;职业的 core n.核心;要点 5. respectively adv.分别;各自;依次为→respective adj.分别的;各自的 6. delicate(形近词:dedicate vt.致力;献身) adj.微妙的;易碎的;柔和的;精美的;可口的→delicacy n.精致,精美;娇嫩;美食→delicately adv.微妙地;精致地 7. comprehension n.理解(=understanding=interpretation n.理解,解释);领悟力;理解练习→comprehend vt.理解→comprehensive adj.广泛的,综合的 8. sympathy n.同情,赞同→sympathetic adj.有同情心的;赞同的 同样变法:energy n.能量;精力→energetic adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→副词怎么变？ 9. innocence n.天真;单纯;无罪→innocent adj.天真无邪的;无辜的;无罪的(=not guilty) 10. correspondence n.来往信件;通信联系→correspond vi.相一致(with);符合;相当于;通信→corresponding adj.对应的;符合的,一致的 11. complicate vt.使复杂化→complicated adj.复杂的(=complex),难处理的 12. race n.种族;竞赛v.和…竞赛→racial adj.种族的 seed n.种子vt.播种 weed vt.除草;铲除n.杂草,野草 deed n.行动;行为 13. dominate vt.支配;控制;占优势→dominant adj.支配的,统治的;占优势的→dominance/domination n. 14. dawn n.黎明,拂晓 dusk n.黄昏 at dawn/dusk 在黎明/黄昏 形近词:lawn n.草坪 15. tease v.取笑,戏弄=play a trick/joke on… ease vt.减轻(=relieve=alleviate),缓和;使安心n.安逸,悠闲;轻松 at ease 安逸,自由自在 16. vary v.变化→various adj.各种各样的→variety n.变/异体;多样化→variation n.变化/动 17. civil adj.公/平民的→civilian n.平民;百姓 fit v.安装(=fix v.安装;固定;修理)使…适应/相符;adj.合适的;健康的;n.适合;匹配;痉挛,昏厥;一阵,突发 害怕的/惊恐的: terrified=panicked=alarmed=frightened=afraid=scared=fearful rest v.休息;放松;停留/依靠(rest on);n.其他;剩余部分/人;休息 review/revise: 18. regularly adv.经常;定期地→regular adj.定期的;经/正常的;规律的→irregular adj.不规则/无规律的→regulation n.规章,规则 regular customer常客 19. release vt.释放(=set…free);发行(=publish v.出版;公布);发布(=issue n./v.流出;发布;问/议题) 20. implement vt.使生效,贯彻,执行n.工具,器具,用具 agenda=schedule日程安排 promise n./v.承诺→promising adj.有希望的,有前途的 21. cautious adj.小心的,谨慎的→caution n.小心,谨慎;警告(=warning),警示vt.警告(=warn) 22. concern vt.涉及;使担忧→concerned adj.担心的;相关的→concerning prep.关于 和…有关be concerned with… 担忧/关心…be concerned about/for… 23. deliver vt.＆vi.递送;传达 vt.发表(a speech);接生(a baby)→delivery n.发表;递送 同样变化:recover v.恢复→recovery n.恢复 24. experience v./n.经验(不可数),经历,体验(可数)→experienced adj.有经验的,老练的 experiment n.实验,试验(=trial=test) 25.appoint vt.任命;委派;约定→appointment n.任命;委派;约会;约定 memory n.记忆;回忆→memorize v.记忆/住 为了纪念…:in memory of… 26.promote vt.促进(=further=facilitate=boost);提升;推销;晋级→promotion n.→promotional adj.促销的,宣传的 mirror n.镜子;写照v.反映,模仿 27. 对比: strike v.(strike-struck-struck)侵袭;突击;击打n.罢工;罢课;袭击→striker n.罢工者 stick v.粘;戳;刺;坚持(to doing);伸出(stick-stuck-stuck)n.棍 困于…:be caught/trapped/stuck in… 二、汉译英 1．respective 2．blossom 3．delicate 4．await 5．revolve 6．utter 7．thorough 8．comprehension 9．shelf 10．core 11．cherry 12．cherry blossom 13．blank 14．verse 15．civilian 16．contest 17．polish 18．string 19．strung 20．stringed 21．wherever 22．wherever 23．barren 24．grief 25．complicated 26．variation 27．racial 28．prejudice29．bee 30．dewdrop 31．dawn 32．clover 33．butterfly 34．lawn 35．amateur 36．cinquain 37．consist 38．mood 39．tease 40．haiku 41．syllable 42．format 43．respectively 三、重难短语精练 1．come_to_mind 想到 2．such_as 例如 3．make_sense 有意义；讲得通 4．be_made_up_of 由……组成(构成) 5．a_form_of 一种……的形式 6．consist of\be composed of 由……组成 7．be_popular_with 受……欢迎 8．be_translated_into 被翻译成 9．give_it_a_try 试一试 10．in_spite_of 不管；不顾 11．sow the seeds (of ...) 播下(……的)种子 12．the_rest_of_sb's_life 某人的余生 13．have_a_influence_on 对……有影响 14．keep_up_with 跟上；保持联系 15．look_forward_to 盼望 16. to the point简明恰当的 17. in particular 尤其;特别 18. compare...with... 把……与……做比较 19. quite a few 相当多;不少 20. express oneself表达某人自己的思想感情 21. make sense讲得通;有意义 22.fall in love with 爱上 四、单句语法填空 1．when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：睡眠问题对青少年来说尤其危险，因为夜晚是他们身体生长得更快的时段。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the time，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 2．why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不知道她今天早上为什么那么生气。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的原因，作原因状语，应用关系副词why作引导词。故填why。 3． when that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子，以及我们一起参观的地方。第一空引导定语从句，先行词是the day，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以第一空用关系副词when引导；第二空也引导定语从句，先行词是the place，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以第二空用关系代词that或which引导。故填①when；②that/which。 4．where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的曾祖父去了一所寄宿学校，在那里不允许说他的母语。先行词a boarding school，在从句中作地点状语，即“在这所寄宿学校不允许说母语”，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 5．where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在一个瘦往往被视为美丽的社会里，青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a society，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 6．where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是那个小舞台，许多年轻歌手在这里首次公开演出，开启了他们的音乐追梦之旅。分析句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是the small stage，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 7．where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：玛丽现在的处境是她需要决定选择哪所大学。空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词a situation，先行词是抽象的地点，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 8．respective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你可以查看他们各自的网站以获取更多信息。空处修饰名词sites，用形容词respective“各自的，分别的”，作前置定语。故填respective。 9．delicately 【详解】考查副词。句意：中国油纸伞由竹制伞架和绘制精美的油纸伞面构成，长久以来被视为中国传统工艺文化与诗意美感的象征。空格后是过去分词painted，需要用副词来修饰，此处应填形容词delicate的副词形式delicately，意为“精致地；精美地”。故填delicately。 10．is made 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：现在Fagan和平面设计师Lauren Ver Hage一起运营《The Financial Diet》。他们的团队由另外五位女性和多位客座撰稿人组成。根据前句时间状语“Now”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，描述客观事实，their team与make up是动宾关系，be made up of是固定搭配，表示“由……组成”，主语team是第三人称单数，此空应是一般现在时的被动语态is made。故填is made。 11．comprehension 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果教师用手势搭配每个单词，学生对外语单词的理解能力就会提高。空处作主语，被Students’修饰，应用名词comprehension“理解（力）”，是不可数名词。故填comprehension。 12．images 【详解】考查名词。句意：最近，塔瑟尔教授和诺里斯捕捉到了迄今为止最大的巨型气态行星的影像，这颗行星距离地球约500光年。空处作宾语，image为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填images。 13．amateurs 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：来自各行各业感兴趣的业余爱好者参加了这场足球联赛。根据上文are可知用名词复数。故填amateurs。 14． drama dramatic 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：这部戏剧有一个令人震惊的情节转折，让观众大吃一惊。第一个空作主语，用名词drama“戏剧”，此处特指某一部戏剧，用单数形式；第二个空，修饰名词plot twist，用形容词dramatic“戏剧性的，令人震惊的”，作前置定语。故填①drama；②dramatic。 15． comprehend comprehension 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：我们需要全面理解这个理论，以提高我们对它的核心思想的领会程度。第一空中need to后接动词原形，构成不定式结构作宾语；第二个空需要填入comprehend名词形式作宾语，表示“理解”，comprehend的名词形式是comprehension，其为不可数名词。故填①comprehend②comprehension。 16． respectful respective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：要建立团队内部的信任，成员之间应相互尊重地沟通，领导者也需了解不同个体各自的需求。第一空修饰名词way，表示“尊重的”用形容词respectful，作定语；第二空修饰needs，表示“各自的”用形容词respective，作定语。故填①respectful；②respective。 17． sorrow sorrowful 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：她的悲伤如此深切，以至于她悲伤的神情触动了周围的每一个人。第一个空作主语，用名词sorrow“悲伤”；第二个空，修饰名词expression，应用形容词sorrowful“悲伤的”，作前置定语。故填①sorrow；②sorrowful。 18．respectively 【详解】考查副词。句意：她的两个儿子分别是三岁和六岁，因此她整天忙得不可开交。根据句意及空前的Her sons were three and six可知，此处应填副词respectively，意为“分别；依次”，作状语，修饰动词were。故填respectively。 19．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：请向你的妻子转达我的歉意。此处考查固定搭配“convey sth. to sb.”，意为“向某人传达某物”，符合语境，所以应填介词to。故填to。 20．various 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们沿途在各种各样的地方停了下来。此处需要用形容词作定语来修饰名词“places”，所给词“vary”是动词，意为“变化；改变”，其形容词形式various意为“各种各样的；不同的”符合语境。故填various。 21．in 【详解】考查介词。句意：他说话时更多的是悲伤，而不是愤怒。此处为固定搭配“in +名词”，表示“处于……状态”，与后面的“in anger”（处于愤怒状态）形成并列对比，“in sorrow”意为“处于悲伤之中”，符合语境。故填in。 22．sorrows 【详解】考查名词。句意：你应该交一个与你同甘共苦的朋友。空处和joys并列作宾语，也应用名词复数形式，固定短语share joys and sorrows意为“同甘共苦”。故填sorrows。 23．comprehension 【详解】考查名词。句意：当学生进行阅读理解时，他们会做一项练习来检验他们对一段口语或书面语言的理解程度。空处作宾语，需用名词comprehension，为不可数名词。故填comprehension。 24．rhyme 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：诗人仔细地选择押韵的词。空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，从句的先行词是words，that替代先行词在从句中作主语，从句在描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语是复数，rhyme“押韵”应保持原形。故填rhyme。 25．butterflies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我心里七上八下的，因为很快就轮到我在这么多人面前演讲了。have butterflies in one’s stomach是固定短语，意为“心里紧张，七上八下”，本空用butterfly的复数形式butterflies，作had的宾语。故填butterflies。 26．teased 【详解】考查动词及语态。句意：我一开始表现得非常糟糕，所以经常被其他学生嘲笑。根据句中的“by other students”可知，I和 动词tease之间是被动关系，即“我被其他学生嘲笑”，所以应该使用被动语态“be + 过去分词”的形式，结合空前was，空处应填tease的过去分词形式teased。故填teased。 27．Revolve 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：快速且反复地绕自身轴线旋转。本句是祈使句，应用动词原形，句首单词首字母大写。故填Revolve。 28．polished 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这个人把它打磨得像镜子一样亮。根据后文“till it shone like a mirror”中“shone”是动词“shine”的过去式可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，此处谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填polished。 29．strung 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：庭院中悬挂的灯光营造出了一种温馨而喜庆的氛围。string为动词，表示“悬挂、串起”，根据谓语动词“create”可知，空处应用其非谓语动词形式，作后置定语，修饰名词“lights”，并与其之间为被动关系，表示“被悬挂的灯”，故应用过去分词形式。故填strung。 30．Contestants 【详解】考查名词。 句意：参赛者根据年龄和能力被分组。根据句意可知，空处表示 “参赛者”用contestant，再根据“were”可知，用名词复数contestants作主语，首字母大写。故填Contestants。 五、小语段填空 1．newly 2．consisting 3．while 4．popularity 5．a 6．used 7．that/which 8．gatherings 9．and 10．to spend 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了围炉煮茶作为新晋社交活动风靡社交媒体，源于云南非物质文化遗产，融合古老与现代元素，吸引众多喜爱旅游与传统文化的年轻人，成为冬日里温暖身心的理想选择。 1．考查副词。句意：围炉煮茶，一项在年轻人中新兴的社会活动，正不断充斥社交媒体的信息流。空处应用副词形式newly修饰形容词emerging。故填newly。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：通常包括几个朋友，他们聚在一起围坐在火炉旁，一边享受着炭烤小吃的香味，一边等待茶水煮沸的同时进行社交。主句中已有谓语enjoy，空处作非谓语动词，consist of与逻辑主语they之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填consisting。 3．考查从属连词。句意：通常包括几个朋友，他们聚在一起围坐在火炉旁，一边享受着炭烤小吃的香味，一边等待茶水煮沸的同时进行社交。结合语意可知，此处表示当等待茶水煮沸时，应用从属连词while引导时间状语从句（本句为省略句），表示“当……时候”，强调主从句的两个动作同时进行，故填while。 4．考查名词。句意：尽管最近它重新获得了流行，但在炉子上煮茶在中国实际上有着悠久的历史。空处作regained的宾语，应用不可数名词popularity，表示“流行，普及”，符合题意。故填popularity。 5．考查冠词。句意：尽管最近它重新获得了流行，但在炉子上煮茶在中国实际上有着悠久的历史。此处泛指一段悠久的历史，应用不定冠词表示泛指，long以辅音音素开头，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：火塘是一种用于云南取暖的炕（一种石炉）。句中已有be动词is，空处作非谓语动词，use与被修饰词a stone stove之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填used。 7．考查定语从句。句意：作为该地区少数民族家庭中辅助烹饪、睡眠甚至人际关系和聚会的重要热源和光源，一种火塘文化由此形成。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词heat and light，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 8．考查名词。句意：作为该地区少数民族家庭中辅助烹饪、睡眠甚至人际关系和聚会的重要热源和光源，一种火塘文化由此形成。and连接并列成分，空处应与relationships保持一致，用名词复数形式，表示“聚会”。故填gatherings。 9．考查并列连词。句意：围炉煮茶作为一种结合古代和现代元素的社交方式，吸引了许多既热爱旅游又热爱传统茶文化的年轻人。结合语意可知，ancient与modern为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：在很多方面，这是一个度过冬天的完美活动，在寒冷的月份里温暖身心。句中it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to spend。 六、高级句式表达 1．at which I was sure to fail 【详解】考查定语从句。根据汉语提示，表示“一定会做某事”用固定短语be sure to do sth，根据前文的did可知，此处应该使用一般过去时；表示“在……方面失败”用fail at sth，此处构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句的结构，修饰先行词something。故填at which I was sure to fail。 2．draw or paint something that impressed us most 【详解】考查定语从句和动词。“画一些东西”用draw or paint something，“给我们留下最深刻印象的”用that引导定语从句，修饰先行词something，“给某人留下深刻印象”用动词impress，根据“were tasked”可知，从句谓语用一般过去时impressed，“最”用副词most，作状语。故填draw or paint something that impressed us most. 3．why I want to apply for the position 【详解】考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰the reason，从句主语“我”I，“想要做某事”want to do sth.，根据is和want可知，句子使用一般现在时，从句主语是I，谓语动词使用原形形式，“申请职位”apply for the position，先行词reason表示原因，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导该定语从句。故填why I want to apply for the position。 4．(that) they remember 【详解】考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词the people and the things，在从句作宾语，且有人有物只能用that引导，也可省略；主语为they；表示“记得”用动词remember，根据上文talk可知为一般现在时。故填(that) they remember。 5．who feel confused about study 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。根据句意，此处需表达“对学习感到困惑的人”，先行词those指代人，关系代词用who引导定语从句并在从句中作主语；“对……感到困惑”译为feel confused about，“学习”译为study；句子描述的是一般性情况，定语从句用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故填who feel confused about study。 6．who live in remote mountainous areas 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。中英文对比可知缺少“那些住在边远山区的”，空处前的the students为先行词，指人，定语从句的关系代词应用who；“住在”为定语从句中的谓语，译为live in，这里描述的是一种客观的、长期存在的情况，应用一般现在时，关系词指代的先行词为复数，动词用原形；“山区”译为mountainous areas，其中mountainous为形容词，意为“多山的”，作定语修饰areas，area为可数名词，这里表泛指，应用复数形式。“边远”为形容词remote，作定语修饰mountainous areas，故“边远山区”译为remote mountainous areas。故填who live in remote mountainous areas。 7．where I write down what happened to me 【详解】考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词place，在从句作地点状语，故用where引导；主语为I；表示“记下”短语为write down，根据上文My diary is not only the place可知为一般现在时；后跟宾语从句，表示“发生在我身上的事情”可用what happened to me，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填where I write down what happened to me。 8．where there are many rivers and lakes 【详解】考查定语从句。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词places，从句使用there be句型表示“有”，“许多河流和湖泊”many rivers and lakes，从句描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语是复数形式，there be句型中be动词使用are，先行词指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where there are many rivers and lakes。 9．to share with you the volunteer activity (that/which) 【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语、名词和定语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“是想和你分享志愿活动”。“是想和你分享”应用固定短语share with you，根据提示可知，share应用动词不定式形式，在句中作目的状语；“志愿活动”应用名词短语the volunteer activity，作share的宾语；空后I took part in为定语从句，修饰先行词the volunteer activity，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作in的宾语，应用关系代词that或which来引导，也可省略。故填to share with you the volunteer activity (that/which)。 10．Wherever he goes/ No matter where he goes 【详解】考查让步状语从句和时态。“无论哪里”常见表达为wherever，等同于no matter where，引导让步状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语he是第三人称单数，“走”go用第三人称单数形式goes。句首单词首字母大写。故填Wherever he goes/ No matter where he goes 。 11． the reason why 【详解】考查名词和定语从句。表示“原因”用名词reason，作表语，此处为特指，用定冠词the修饰；“ you are in favour of the proposal”为修饰reason的定语从句，先行词reason指物，在从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导。故填the；reason；why。 12．who/that 【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填入一个引导定语从句的关系词；分析句子结构可知，“________ once attracted a lot of attention”为定语从句，修饰先行词basketball star，关系词指人，在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。    13．where 【详解】考查关系副词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“在那儿”；分析句子结构可知，“________ I can be reached most evenings”为定语从句，修饰先行词address，关系词指地点，在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 14．when 【详解】考查定语从句。根据“days are gone”及“local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night”可知，此空引导定语从句，先行词days在从句中作时间状语，此空应是关系副词when。故填when。 15．whose 【详解】考查定语从句。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词city，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰name，用whose引导。故填whose。 16．a fact that seemed like a spear piercing into my heart 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。“事实”翻译为a fact，与上文的内容之间是同位语关系；“就像一把长矛”用that引导的定语从句表示，修饰名词a fact，翻译为that seemed like a spear；“刺进我的心脏”用动词短语pierce into my heart表示，此处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰上文的spear，动词pierce与名词spear之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词piercing作定语。故填a fact that seemed like a spear piercing into my heart。 17．so that we could talk about the contest later 【详解】考查状语从句。根据“以便……”可知，应用so that 引导目的状语从句，从句中常用could等情态动词。“稍后”可表示为later；“讨论”可表示为talk about；“比赛”可表示为contest。故答案为so that we could talk about the contest later。 18．whose homes had been destroyed 【详解】考查定语从句和动词语态。根据句意，此处需表达“那些家园被毁的”，表示“家园”为homes，与先行词survivors之间为所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，表示“被毁”表示被动含义，且动作发生built之前，属于过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填whose homes had been destroyed。 19．which/that were written 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“写”应用动词write，此处使用限定性定语从句，先行词是the classic works，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导，和谓语write为被动关系，需用被动语态，结合时间状语in ancient times可知，使用一般过去时，主语which指代复数名词，be动词用were。故填which/that were written。 20．that 【详解】考查定语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the lively environment，指物，关系词在从句中作表语，应用关系代词that来引导。故填that。 21．pointing to the place where the fire broke out 【详解】考查非谓语动词、定语从句。表示“指向”用point to，本句谓语为yelled，此处为非谓语动词，且David与point to为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。表示“地方”用the place， 作pointing to的宾语。表示“火灾发生的”用where引导定语从句，从句中：表示“火灾”用the fire，作主语；表示“发生”用break out，描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式broke out；从句修饰the place，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填pointing to the place where the fire broke out。 22．that/which improves our physical and mental health 【详解】考查定语从句。“提升我们身心健康的”处理为修饰factor的定语从句，代替先行词factor在从句中作主语，用关系代词which/that作引导词，从句谓语动词“提升”用improve，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语which/that为单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式，宾语“我们的身心健康”用our physical and mental health。故填that/which improves our physical and mental health。 23．did the contest improve 【详解】考查倒装句。表示“比赛”用名词contest，表示“提高”用improve，此处Not only位于句首用部分倒装，且发生在过去用助动词did。故填did the contest improve。 24． which/that hit causing 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。根据句意，第一空为定语从句。先行词为earthquake，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导；“袭击”用动词hit。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时；“导致”用动词cause，在句中作结果状语，cause与句子主语earthquake是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填which/that; hit; causing。 25．whoever has made all the mistakes / anyone who has made all the mistakes 【详解】考查从句、时态和短语。对比中英文句子可知，空处需填“犯过错的任何人”对应的英语表达，可处理为表语从句，表示“任何人”用whoever，引导从句且在从句中作主语，表示“犯过所有错误”用make all the mistakes，make作谓语，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语whoever为单数意义，助动词用has；表示“任何人”也可用anyone，作表语，“犯过所有错”处理为修饰anyone的定语从句，代替先行词anyone在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导从句，表示“犯过所有错误”用make all the mistakes，make作谓语，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，先行词who指代anyone，为单数意义，助动词用has。综上，故填whoever has made all the mistakes / anyone who has made all the mistakes。 26． spared no effort to whose homes had been damaged 【详解】考查短语和定语从句。“不遗余力的做某事”用短语spare no effort to do sth.；句中先行词为people，在定语从句中作名词homes的定语，表示所属关系，所以用关系代词whose引导；“家园”用名词homes，“破坏”用动词damage，与homes之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。主句陈述过去事实，用一般过去时；定语从句中“家园遭受破坏”这个动作发生在“政府帮助” 之前，所以从句用过去完成时。故填spared no effort to; whose homes had been damaged。 27．but the mental strength that he showed made him unique 【详解】考查并列句和定语从句。根据句意，此处需补充“然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为独一无二的球星”，前半句与主句构成转折关系，用but连接两个并列句；“精神力量”译为“mental strength”，“他所展示的”为定语从句修饰先行词“mental strength”，从句中缺少宾语，所以此处使用关系代词that引导，表示“展示”为show，此处讲述的是过去的事情，使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为showed，所以定语从句译为that he showed；“使他成为独一无二的球星”译为“made him unique”，“unique”此处指代“独一无二的球星”，符合语境。故填but the mental strength that he showed made him unique。 28． celebrating the Lunar New Year who/that celebrate the Lunar New Year 【详解】考查非谓语动词/定语从句。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“庆祝农历新年的”。“庆祝”可用动词celebrate，“农历新年”的英文表达为the Lunar New Year，该动词短语在一个句中作定语，修饰Families，和该名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。现在分词作定语也可以变成定语从句的形式。先行词为Families，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，所用who或that引导。celebrate在定语从句中作谓语，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填①celebrating；②the；③Lunar；④New；⑤Year；⑥who/that；⑦celebrate；⑧the；⑨Lunar；⑩New；⑪ Year。 ( 第 1 页 共 15 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $