易错06 动词的时态和语态（3大易错点+3大避坑点+易错通关练+高考真题+热点话题练习）（易错培优练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

易错06 动词的时态和语态3大易错点+3大避坑点+闯关训练 目 录 第一部分 易错点剖析 1 易错典题 避错攻略 举一反三 易错01 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点 1 易错02 现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点 3 易错03 主动语态与被动语态易混易错点 4 第二部分 易错点闯关 8 闯关01 单句填空 8 闯关02 语篇填空 9 易错01 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点 易错典题 【例1】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2021北京卷) There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 【错因分析】不关注句中的时间状语over the past 20 years是失分原因。 避错攻略 【方法总结】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时是高考高频考点，掌握三看不可少：一看副词标志二看短语标志三看句型标志。 【干货必记1】三大时态标志 一般现在时 常与always，often，sometimes，usually等连用或通过上下文表示。 一般过去时 常与时间状语连用，或者通过上下文逻辑意思及动词时态来体现。 连用时间状语：last week, in 2021, 3 days ago, the other day, in the past 现在完成时 强调对现在造成的结果和影响，通常与时间段连用。 连用时间状语：so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now 【名师支招】1.牢记时态标志；2.注意区分主被动关系；3.留意主谓一致。 举一反三 1.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 1. were 【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 2.（2022北京卷）This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally _________ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 2. has 【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 3.（2022新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 3. threw 【解析】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 4.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 4. has increased 【解析】 考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 5.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 5. have promised 【解析】 考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 6．When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 【答案】gives 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们就有空间去思考我们的想法和情感，这有助于我们识别生活中重要的领域，并给我们提供做出正确选择的机会。空处和前面的helps并列作定语从句的谓语，所以需要第三人称单数形式。故填gives。 易错02 现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点 易错典题 【例2】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （24-25高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）So far, the game’s unprecedented success (lead) to a tourism boom as travelers seek destinations with ancient architecture and a Chinese feel. 【答案】has led 【解析】考查时态。句意：迄今为止，这款游戏前所未有的成功已经导致了一股旅游热潮，因为游客们正在寻找具有古代建筑和中国风情的目的地。根据时间状语So far可知，lead to“导致”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语the game’s unprecedented success是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has led。 易错分析：本题出错主要因为固定短语记忆不牢及汉语翻译已经错误联想had done运用过去完成时则句中要出现表示过去的动作或时间。要牢记现在完成时经常搭配的时间状语：since, so far, up to now, in/over/during the past days等。 避错攻略 【干货必记】使用现在完成时和过去完成时的场合 现在完成时 连用时间状语so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now 过去完成时 过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。即“过去的过去”，句中必须出现表示过去的动作、状态或时间状语。 对比 He has been ill for two weeks。他已经病了两个星期了。 He had been ill for two weeks before she came back。 在她回来之前，他已经病了两个星期了。 举一反三 1.（25-26高三上·江苏·阶段练习）The company, which (fall) victim to a series of cyberattacks, was struggling to regain customers’ trust, with its reputation severely damaged. 【答案】had fallen 【详解】考查时态。句意：该公司已成为一系列网络攻击的受害者，其声誉严重受损，正在努力重新获得客户的信任。此处从句的动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had fallen。 2.（25-26高三上·河北·阶段练习）Over the decades, it (grow) to become a cultural hub (枢纽) that is central to the city’s identity. 【答案】has grown 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：经过数十年的发展，它已经成为一个文化中心，对城市的认同感至关重要。根据时间状语Over the decades可知，主句描述的是从过去到现在都在进行的动作，句子应用现在完成时，表达唐人街随着时间发展的情况。主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has grown。 3.（25-26高三上·广东·阶段练习）Arching across the borders of northern China and southern Mongolia, the remote and rugged landscapes of the Gobi Desert (capture) the imagination of adventurers, explorers, scientists, and artists since the age of Marco Polo. 【答案】have captured 【解析】考查时态。句意：横跨中国北部和蒙古国南部的戈壁沙漠，其偏远而崎岖的地貌自马可·波罗时代起就激发着探险家、探索者、科学家和艺术家的想象力。根据“since the age of Marco Polo”可知，该句为现在完成时，空处为该句谓语动词，且主语landscapes为复数，故空处应填have captured。故填have captured。 4．By the end of the expedition, we (climb) 12 mountains, watched 108 nest boxes, tagged 35 mammals, banded 74 birds and measured more than a thousand trees. We were tired out... 【答案】had climbed 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到探险结束时，我们爬了12座山，观察了108个巢箱，给35种哺乳动物贴上了标签，给74只鸟戴上了绑带，还测量了1000多棵树。我们都累坏了……根据“By the end of the expedition”可知，此处应用过去完成时。故填had climbed。 易错03主动语态和被动语态易混易错点 易错典题 【例3】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 答案：are revealed。 解析：考查被动语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 易错分析：句子结构分析错误，谓语动词分析不当，混淆谓语的被动语态和过去分词都是错误原因。 避错攻略 【干货必记】使用被动语态的典型场合 · 受母语干扰，翻译上下文时混淆被动语态与主动语态。 · 混淆谓语动词被动语态构词be+done与非谓语动词重点过去分词done。 · 不及物动词及表示主语品质和状态的动词不用被动语态，如：sell, read, write, lock, wash, drive等。 · 系动词不用被动语态，如：look看起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, sound听起来, feel摸起来, prove证明时, turn out结果，证明等。 【名师支招】一看时间状语要求，二看是否需要被动语态，三看过去分词拼写。 举一反三 1．The virus (transmit) to humans by close contact with infected birds, and cannot be passed from human to human. 【答案】is transmitted 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该病毒通过与受感染的禽类密切接触传染给人类，不能在人与人之间传播。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述客观的科学事实，时态应用一般现在时，transmit“传染”和主语The virus之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用is。故填is transmitted。 2．Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China (add) to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022. 【答案】were added 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2022年, 中国传统制茶技艺及相关习俗被列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。add在句中作谓语动词，主语Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices与add之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in 2022”可知, 事情发生在过去， 应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。 故填were added。 3．Since June 2020, the Laos-China Railway Co has recruited and trained Lao trainees and more than 800 Lao employees, or over 90 percent of the trainees, (assign) specific positions. 【答案】have been assigned 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自2020年6月以来，老中铁路公司已招聘培训老挝研修生，800多名老挝员工被分配到特定岗位，占学员总数的90%以上。assign(分配)作分句谓语动词，与主语more than 800 Lao employees之间为被动关系，结合时间状语“Since June 2020”可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填have been assigned。 4．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. 【答案】be imagined 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：景色的美丽无法想象，它们给我留下了许多美好的回忆。imagine和主语The beauty of the views之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词，空处应填动词原形。故填be imagined。 5． The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime (overthrow). 【答案】had been overthrown 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：公众之所以做出这样的反应，是因为他们感到了极大的宽慰，因为压迫和不受欢迎的政权被推翻了。overthrow在句中作谓语，和主语regime之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据句意，描述的是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had been overthrown。 闯关一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 【60题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 【61题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 2.（2025年全国二卷）The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____61____ (be) one of them. 答案：is。 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 3.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 【答案】walks 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 4.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空） Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ______ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 【答案】was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 5.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 6.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【答案】have started 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 7.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）What should ________（do）with such a beautiful place? 【答案】be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 习题综合练习 1．The company (appoint) Mr. Li as the new director because of his excellent ability last week. 【答案】appointed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上周，由于李先生能力出众，公司任命他为新董事。last week表明动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。appoint意为“任命”，其过去式为appointed，在句中作谓语。故填appointed。 2．Not only the manager but also a worker from his company (contact) the injured person so far. 【答案】has contacted 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，不仅经理，还有他公司的一名工人都已经联系了受伤的人。分析句子可知，句中出现 so far（到目前为止），是典型的现在完成时标志词，因此要用 have/has + done。主语结构为Not only A but also B，谓语动词遵循就近原则，即与a worker 保持一致。a worker 是单数，所以用has。故填has contacted。 3．The styles of the dresses in this shop (various) in colour and size to suit different customers. 【答案】vary 【详解】考查动词。句意：这家店里的裙子款式在颜色和尺寸上都有所不同，以满足不同顾客的需求。空格处缺谓语动词，将形容词various转化为动词vary，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为styles，谓语用原形。故填vary。 4．The week I turned 50, my marriage came to a sudden end. My house, furniture and everything I (own) was sold to pay debts that I didn’t know existed. 【答案】had owned 【详解】考查时态。句意：在我50岁生日的那一周，我的婚姻突然走到了尽头。我的房子、家具和我所有的一切都被卖掉了，用来偿还我不知道存在的债务。own这个动作发生在was sold之前，was sold是过去的动作，因此空格处时态用过去完成时，表示过去的过去已经完成的动作，因此空格处是had owned。故填had owned。 5．Although Cascade volcanoes do not erupt frequently, they (threat) major populations and developments. 【答案】have threatened 【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管喀斯喀特山脉的火山并不频繁喷发，但它们已经对主要人口和开发项目构成了威胁。空处为句子的谓语，所以需要threat的动词threaten“威胁”。根据语境可知，此处强调火山喷发虽不频繁，但其威胁是长期存在的，且对现在仍有影响，因此用现在完成时。主语为they，助动词用have。故填have threatened。 6．By 1980, we     (plant) five thousand trees along the road. 【答案】had planted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到1980年为止，我们已经沿着这条路种了五千棵树。时间状语“By 1980”表示在过去的时间点之前完成的动作，应用过去完成时“had+过去分词”，表示“过去的过去”，此处是谓语had planted。故填had planted。 7．Now policymakers and governments (put) measures in place to restrict travel to certain bucket-list sites. 【答案】are putting 【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：现在，政策制定者和政府正在制定措施，限制前往某些此生必去的景点。根据时间状语“Now”可知，句子需用现在进行时，强调当前正在进行的动作；主语policymakers and governments是复数，谓语动词用are putting。故填are putting。 8．Woodcarving, an ancient craft with global cultural significance, (involve) shaping wood into delicate designs and figures. 【答案】involves 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：木雕是一门具有全球文化意义的古老工艺，涉及将木材塑造成精美的设计和形象。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，用一般现在时，主语Woodcarving“木雕 (工艺)”是不可数名词，involve“涉及”应用第三人称单数形式。故填involves。 9．It was the fourth time O’Neill (won) the Pulitzer Prize in Drama. 【答案】had won 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是奥尼尔第四次获得普利策戏剧奖。“It was the +序数词+ time + that从句”为固定句型，意为“这是第几次做某事”，that可以省略，从句中谓语动词要用过去完成时，表示动作发生在主句动作之前，所以空处应用had won。故填had won。 10．Flashing him another apologetic smile, I (beg) him for a delayed payment. 【答案】begged 【详解】考查时态。句意：我再次向他露出歉意的微笑，恳求他延迟付款。空处是本句的谓语。本句陈述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填begged。 11．The only one of my teammates who (profit) from our extra training sessions so far is Zhang Wei; his skills have improved noticeably. 【答案】has profited 【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我队友中唯一从我们的额外训练课程中受益的人是张伟；他的技巧已经有了明显提高。此处是主句的谓语，由so far可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示从过去到现在已经受益，主语who代指先行词The only one of my teammates，为单数，助动词应用has，故填has profited。 12．On stage right now, the singer and songwriter (exhibit) incredible energy and connecting deeply with the audience. 【答案】is exhibiting 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：此刻在舞台上，这位歌手兼词曲作者正展现出惊人的活力，与观众深度共鸣。根据时间状语right now可知句子需用现在进行时“am/is/are doing”；主语the singer and songwriter指同一人，为第三人称单数，be动词用is，“exhibit(展现)”的现在分词形式为exhibiting。故填is exhibiting。   13．Had it not been for the fact that the skilled driver (weave) through the heavy traffic with ease, we would have missed our flight. 【答案】weaved 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：要不是那个熟练的司机在拥挤的车流中轻松穿行，我们就赶不上飞机了。句子主体是与过去事实相反的假设，使用了虚拟语气，had it not been for表示“要不是因为”，空处为that引导的同位语从句的谓语，该从句描述的是过去发生的真实的事，应用一般过去时，weave意为“穿行，迂回行进”，此时weave的过去式为weaved。故填weaved。 14．When you arrive at the station at exactly 6:30 tomorrow evening, a guide (wait) for you at the east exit with a yellow flag. 【答案】will be waiting 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：明天晚上 6:30 你准时到站时，会有一名导游拿着黄旗在东出口等你。根据时间状语When you arrive at the station at exactly 6:30 tomorrow evening（明天晚上 6:30 你准时到站时），这个时间点强调将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，因此要用将来进行时。将来进行时的结构是：will be + 动词的现在分词，wait的现在分词形式是waiting。故填will be waiting。 15．Knowing the nature of every food (enable) the Chinese to eat right food to balance yin and yang of the body. 【答案】enables 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：了解每一种食物的性质使中国人能够吃正确的食物来平衡身体的阴阳。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语Knowing the nature of every food是单个动名词，enable“使能够”应用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。 16．She was the only one of several artists interviewed who (be) unhappy to learn that pictures of their work were used without someone informing them. 【答案】was 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在数名受访的艺术家中，她是唯一一个在得知自己的作品图片遭人擅自使用后，面露不悦的人。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，结合主句谓语was可知，从句用一般过去时，从句主语who指代先行词the only one，为单数意义，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。 17．The ancient Chinese invention of paper-making, along with printing techniques, (transform) the way knowledge was spread across the world centuries ago. 【答案】transformed 【详解】考查时态。句意：中国古代发明的造纸术以及印刷技术，在数个世纪前就极大地改变了知识在全球传播的方式。根据后文centuries ago可知为一般过去时。故填transformed。 18．The reserve, which also (comprise) a 6-kilometer-long cave system, owes its protected status to several hundred plant species, many types of fishes and rare bird species. 【答案】comprises 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该保护区还拥有一个6公里长的洞穴系统，其受保护的地位归功于数百种植物、多种鱼类和珍稀鸟类。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The reserve，空处作从句的谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，且which指代先行词The reserve，谓语动词用comprise“包括”的第三人称单数形式。故填comprises。 19．If stronger evidence (emerge) that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 【答案】emerges 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果有更有力的证据表明人工智能会使人变得不那么聪明，人们会在意吗？此处主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为evidence，谓语用三单形式。故填emerges。 20．During the medal ceremony, Biles and Chiles (bow) down to the Brazilian as she received her medal. 【答案】bowed 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：在颁奖仪式上，当那位巴西选手领奖时，拜尔斯和蔡尔兹向她鞠了一躬。根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词received可知，主句的动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时，bow的过去式是bowed，符合句子的语义逻辑和语法规则。故填bowed。 21．Environmental pollution (recognize) to have become one of the most serious problems that people face. 【答案】is recognized 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：环境污染被认为已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。recognize(认可，承认)是谓语动词，与主语“Environmental pollution”之间是被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式is recognized。故填is recognized。 22．When we arrived at the garage, our car (repair), so we had to wait another twenty minutes. 【答案】was being repaired 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当我们到达修车厂时，我们的车正在修理，所以我们不得不再等二十分钟。分析句子可知，句子前半句arrived是一般过去时，表明“到达修理厂” 是过去的某个时间点；后半句“不得不等20分钟”说明当时车子正在被修理，需要用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语our car和动词repair是被动关系（车是“被修理”的对象），因此要使用被动语态（be +过去分词）。our car是单数，be动词用was；repair的现在分词是repairing，过去分词是repaired，结合过去进行时的被动结构，最终填was being repaired。故填was being repaired。 23．It is (estimate) that nearly 20 people will be employed by that company. 【答案】estimated 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：据估计，那家公司将雇用近20人。空处和is构成谓语，estimate“估计”和形式主语It之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，固定句型It is estimated that...意为“据估计……”，其中it为形式主语，后面that引导的名词性从句为真正的主语。故填estimated。 24．Two thirds of the population (schedule) to have access to free medical care provided by the government. 【答案】are scheduled/were scheduled 【详解】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：三分之二的人口被计划享有政府提供的免费医疗服务。“分数 + of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后的名词决定，此处population表示“人口”，强调个体时谓语动词用复数；主语“Two thirds of the population”与动词schedule之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；结合语境，既可用一般现在时表示目前安排，也可用一般过去时表示过去的计划，故填are scheduled/were scheduled。 25．A large quantity of books on modern science (write) in the early twentieth century, reflecting society’s growing faith in technological progress. 【答案】were written 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：20世纪早期，大量关于现代科学的书籍被撰写出来，反映了社会对技术进步日益增长的信心。write(写)是句中谓语动词，与主语“A large quantity of books”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“in the early twentieth century”可知，讲述过去的事情应使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因“a large quantity of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与所修饰的名词保持一致，books是复数名词，因此be动词用were。故填were written。 26．Large quantities of information, as well as timely help, (offer) since the organization was set up. 【答案】have been offered 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自该组织成立以来，大量信息以及及时的援助均已被提供。空处为句子谓语动词，此处强调动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，as well as连接并列成分作主语时，适用就远原则，且Large quantities of information为复数意义，且与offer为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，复数形式。故填have been offered。 27．There will be both regular and zero-sugar options available, and it (sell) by the bottle and in cans. 【答案】will be sold 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：将会有常规款和零糖款两种选择，它会以瓶装和罐装的形式出售。根据前半句谓语“will be”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，且it (指代商品)与sell是动宾关系，此空应是一般将来时的被动语态will be sold。故填will be sold。 28．Now Fagan runs The Financial Diet with graphic designer Lauren Ver Hage. Their team     (make) up of another five women and multiple guest contributors. 【答案】is made 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：现在Fagan和平面设计师Lauren Ver Hage一起运营《The Financial Diet》。他们的团队由另外五位女性和多位客座撰稿人组成。根据前句时间状语“Now”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，描述客观事实，their team与make up是动宾关系，be made up of是固定搭配，表示“由……组成”，主语team是第三人称单数，此空应是一般现在时的被动语态is made。故填is made。 29．Young people can learn how the traditional food is made and the culture surrounding this food can (carry) forward and expanded. 【答案】be carried 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：年轻人可以学习传统食物是如何制作的，围绕这种食物的文化可以被发扬光大。情态动词can后跟动词原形，the culture与carry之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填be carried。 30．The exam questions should focus on basic knowledge and skills, and the number of questions focusing on rote (死记硬背的) learning should (reduce). 【答案】be reduced 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：考试题目要集中在基础知识和技能上，减少死记硬背的题目数量。情态动词should后接动词原形，主语questions与reduce之间是逻辑上的被动关系。故填be reduced。 31．In the Ming Dynasty, citizens of higher social classes (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. 【答案】were permitted 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在明代，社会阶层较高的市民被允许居住在城市圈层的中心地带附近。根据时间状语“In the Ming Dynasty”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。citizens of higher social classes与permit之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；主语citizens 是复数形式，故填were permitted。 32．She created many literary works that (leave) for generations to appreciate to date. 【答案】have been left 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：她创作了许多文学作品，这些作品至今仍被后人欣赏。设空处为定语从句的谓语，关系代词 that 是从句的主语，指代 many literary works“许多文学作品”，且设空处与从句的主语that构成被动关系，故用被动语态，又根据时间状语 to date“迄今为止”可知，应用现在完成时，而且主语为复数，故填have been left。 33．What astonished the public was that the murder case (dismiss) in the absence of any definite proof. 【答案】had been dismissed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：令公众感到惊讶的是，由于缺乏确凿的证据，这起谋杀案最终被撤销了。that引导表语从句，根据What astonished the public可知，表示“案件被撤销”用被动语态，且事情发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been dismissed。 34．The driver’s certificate (suspend) by the police as he broke the traffic rules. 【答案】was suspended 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这名司机因违反交通规则，其驾驶证被警方暂扣。根据“broke”可知，此处用一般过去时；主语“The driver’s certificate(这名司机的驾驶证)”与谓语动词“suspend(使暂停使用或生效)”之间为被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用was，suspend的过去分词为suspended。故填was suspended。 35．The sounds of different animals, including a baby elephant and a tiger,   (mixture) by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. 【答案】were mixed 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：不同动物的声音，包括一头小象和一只老虎的声音，被电脑混合在一起，制作出恐龙的吼声。sounds与所给词mixture的动词形式mix之间是被动关系，即声音被混合，且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were +过去分词”，sounds是复数，be动词用were，mix的过去分词是mixed。故填were mixed。 36．It is recommended that students’ problems with English listening and speaking (address) through daily practice. 【答案】should be addressed/ be addressed 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：建议学生在英语听说方面的问题通过日常练习来解决。It is recommended that...是固定句型，that引导的从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”，从句主语problems与动词address之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填(should) be addressed。 37．Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now (classify) as ecotourism. 【答案】being classified 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：由于与环境有关的旅行和探险旅行的日益流行，各种类型的旅行现在正被归类为生态旅游。空处和are构成谓语，结合时间状语“now”可知，句子表示动作正在进行中，时态应用现在进行时，classify“将……分类”和主语various types of trips之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填being classified。 38．Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars (sweep) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 【答案】were swept 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：一场9.0级强震引发了巨浪，渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和车辆都被巨浪卷走了。主语Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars与动词sweep是被动关系，“地震引发灾害”是过去发生的事，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were，故填were swept。 39．In traditional Chinese medicine, for example, different sections of the tongue (associate) with different organs. 【答案】are associated 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：例如，在中医中，舌头的不同部位与不同的器官相关联。空格处应填谓语动词，根据句意可知，这是描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语different sections of the tongue与associate之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数形式，be动词用are。故填are associated。 40．What is required special attention is that facial recognition devices (ban) in private spaces like hotel rooms or restrooms. 【答案】are banned 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：需要特别注意的是，人脸识别设备在酒店房间、卫生间等私密场所是被禁止使用的。设空处为从句谓语，从句主语facial recognition devices和动词ban之间是被动关系；且句子描述的是客观规定，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are+过去分词。主语devices是复数。故填 are banned。 闯关二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2025·浙江·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dance drama Tian Gong Kai Wu, or The Exploitation of the Works of Nature, will launch its 1 (globe) tour. On Nov 25 this year, the dance drama will be staged at the Sydney Opera House and from Dec 28 to 30, in Athens, 2 capital of Greece. Inspired by the classic of the same title by Song Yingxing, a scientist 3 lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the dance drama 4 (direct) by Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan. First 5 (publish) in 1637, the book, Tian Gong Kai Wu, offers a summary of ancient China's manufacturing and farming techniques, earning 6 (recognize) as an encyclopedia of science and technology. “My team and I took the important chapters and vivid illustrations from the full text of the book 7 the thematic and emotional cues for each section of the dance drama,” said the director Lu. The dance drama revolves around Song's quest, portraying his journey to gather the techniques along with tools 8 emphasizing the craftsmanship of ancient Chinese people. So far, it 9 (tour) nationwide by visiting nearly 30 Chinese cities with about 100 shows, 10 (attract) more than 100,000 audience. The production is a joint effort between the Jiangxi Cultural and Performing Arts Group and the Beijing Dance Academy. 【答案】 1．global 2．the 3．who/that 4．is directed 5．published 6．recognition 7．as 8．and 9．has toured 10．attracting 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了受明末清初宋应星同名典籍启发、陆川执导的舞剧《天工开物》将开启全球巡演，此前已在国内近30城巡演百场，吸引超10万观众，彰显古人工匠精神。 1．考查形容词。句意：舞剧《天工开物》（又名《大自然的创造》）将开启其全球巡演之旅。修饰名词tour用形容词global。故填global。 2．考查冠词。句意：今年 11 月 25 日，这部舞蹈剧将在悉尼歌剧院上演；12 月 28 日至 30 日，它将在希腊首都雅典上演。此处capital特指希腊首都雅典用定冠词。故填the。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这部舞剧的灵感源自宋应星所著的同名经典著作，宋应星是一位生活在明朝末年和清朝初期的科学家。该舞剧由中国导演陆川执导。定语从句修饰先行词scientist，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。 4．考查时态语态。句意：这部舞剧的灵感源自宋应星所著的同名经典著作，宋应星是一位生活在明朝末年和清朝初期的科学家。该舞剧由中国导演陆川执导。主语drama与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is directed。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：该书《天工开物》于1637年首次出版，书中总结了中国古代的制造和农业技术，被誉为科技领域的百科全书。此处book与publish构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填published。 6．考查名词。句意：该书《天工开物》于1637年首次出版，书中总结了中国古代的制造和农业技术，被誉为科技领域的百科全书。作动词的宾语，用名词recognition。故填recognition。 7．考查介词。句意：导演说道：“我和我的团队从这本书的完整文本中选取了重要的章节和生动的插图，作为这部舞蹈剧每一部分的主题和情感线索。”“take...as...”为固定结构，意为“将……作为……”。故填as。 8．考查连词。句意：陆先生表示，这部舞剧围绕宋的探索展开，展现了他收集技艺与工具的历程，并突出了中国古代人民的精湛工艺。空格前后为并列的逻辑关系，用连词and。故填and。 9．考查时态。句意：截至目前，该演出已在全国范围内巡回演出，访问了近30个中国城市，共进行了约100场演出，吸引了超过10万名观众。根据So far可知为现在完成时，主语为it，助动词用has。故填has toured。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：截至目前，该演出已在全国范围内巡回演出，访问了近30个中国城市，共进行了约100场演出，吸引了超过10万名观众。主语it与attract是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，故填attracting。 （25-26高三上·重庆·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Some 4,000 years ago, the Liangzhu culture, known for its sophisticated city of canals 1 (call) “China’s Venice of the Stone Age,” suddenly disappeared. Historians debated whether war, disease, or starvation caused its collapse, but recent research points to climate change 2 a key factor. Located near the East China Sea, Liangzhu 3 (be) home to an advanced Stone Age civilization for about 1,000 years, supporting an active agricultural system through its canals. Liangzhu City was listed as 4 UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2019. Researchers from the University of Innsbruck had long sought to explain 5 Liangzhu was abandoned, and the discovery of a thin layer of clay on the ruins suggested a possible connection between the ends of the advanced civilization 6 floods of the Yangtze River or floods from the East China Sea. However, no clear conclusions on the cause were possible from the mud layer 7 (it). A breakthrough came when scientists studied stalagmites (石笋) from two nearby underwater caves. As Dr. Peter Dockrill reported for Science Alert, their team discovered chemical signatures from about 4,300 years ago that showed extremely high rainfall, 8 (probable) caused by the 9 (warm) of ocean waters in the Pacific — an event known as the El Niño (厄尔尼诺). The study notes that wet conditions lasted for several hundred years following the collapse of Liangzhu, eventually paving the way for the rise of the Xia dynasty in 2070 B．C．E. Its celebrated 10 (found), Yu the Great, introduced more extensive flood-control methods and is known as the “Tamer of the Flood.” 【答案】 1．called 2．as 3．was 4．a 5．why 6．and 7．itself 8．probably 9．warming 10．founder 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍良渚文化的历史地位、消失之谜，及最新研究揭示的气候变化（厄尔尼诺）这一关键致因。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：大约4000年前，以其复杂的运河城市——被称为“石器时代的中国威尼斯”——而闻名的良渚文化突然消失了。此处为非谓语动词，canals与call为被动关系，用过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。 2．考查介词。句意：历史学家们争论是战争、疾病还是饥饿导致了它的崩溃，但最近的研究指出气候变化是一个关键因素。此处为固定搭配“point to...as...”，意为“指出……是……”，用介词as。故填as。 3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：良渚位于中国东海附近，在约1000年的时间里一直是先进石器时代文明的发源地，通过其运河支撑着活跃的农业系统。此处为谓语动词，描述良渚文化存续期间的状态，用一般过去时；主语Liangzhu为单数，所以谓语动词用was。故填was。 4．考查冠词。句意：良渚古城于2019年被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。UNESCO World Heritage Site为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一处世界遗产”，且UNESCO是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：因斯布鲁克大学的研究人员长期以来一直试图解释良渚为何被遗弃，而在废墟上发现的一层薄薄的黏土表明，这个先进文明的终结与长江洪水或东海洪水之间可能存在联系。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，用连接词why。故填why。 6．考查连词。句意：因斯布鲁克大学的研究人员长期以来一直试图解释良渚为何被遗弃，而在废墟上发现的一层薄薄的黏土表明，这个先进文明的终结与长江洪水或东海洪水之间可能存在联系。此处为固定搭配“between...and...”，意为“……和……之间”，用连词and。故填and。 7．考查反身代词。句意：然而，仅从黏土层本身无法得出关于原因的明确结论。此处强调“黏土层本身”，用it的反身代词itself作同位语，起强调作用。故填itself。 8．考查副词。句意：正如彼得·多克里尔博士为《科学警报》所报道的那样，他们的团队发现了大约4300年前的化学特征，显示当时降雨量极大，这可能是由太平洋海水变暖——一种被称为厄尔尼诺的现象——引起的。此处修饰动词caused，用probable的副词形式probably，意为“可能地”。故填probably。 9．考查名词。句意：正如彼得·多克里尔博士为《科学警报》所报道的那样，他们的团队发现了大约4300年前的化学特征，显示当时降雨量极大，这可能是由太平洋海水变暖——一种被称为厄尔尼诺的现象——引起的。此处作介词by的宾语，用warm的名词形式warming，意为“变暖”，为不可数名词。故填warming。 10．考查名词。句意：它著名的创始人大禹引入了更广泛的防洪方法，被称为“治水英雄”。此处作主语，用found的名词形式founder，意为“创始人、建立者”，由后文Yu the Great（大禹）可知用单数形式。故填founder。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 易错06 动词的时态和语态3大易错点+3大避坑点+闯关训练 目 录 第一部分 易错点剖析 1 易错典题 避错攻略 举一反三 易错01 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点 1 易错02 现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点 3 易错03 主动语态与被动语态易混易错点 4 第二部分 易错点闯关 8 闯关01 单句填空 8 闯关02 语篇填空 9 易错01 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点 易错典题 【例1】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2021北京卷) There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 【错因分析】不关注句中的时间状语over the past 20 years是失分原因。 避错攻略 【方法总结】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时是高考高频考点，掌握三看不可少：一看副词标志二看短语标志三看句型标志。 【干货必记1】三大时态标志 一般现在时 常与always，often，sometimes，usually等连用或通过上下文表示。 一般过去时 常与时间状语连用，或者通过上下文逻辑意思及动词时态来体现。 连用时间状语：last week, in 2021, 3 days ago, the other day, in the past 现在完成时 强调对现在造成的结果和影响，通常与时间段连用。 连用时间状语：so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now 【名师支招】1.牢记时态标志；2.注意区分主被动关系；3.留意主谓一致。 举一反三 1.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 2.（2022北京卷）This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally _________ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 3.（2022新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 4.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 5.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 6．When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 易错02 现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点 易错典题 【例2】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （24-25高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）So far, the game’s unprecedented success (lead) to a tourism boom as travelers seek destinations with ancient architecture and a Chinese feel. 易错分析：本题出错主要因为固定短语记忆不牢及汉语翻译已经错误联想had done运用过去完成时则句中要出现表示过去的动作或时间。要牢记现在完成时经常搭配的时间状语：since, so far, up to now, in/over/during the past days等。 避错攻略 【干货必记】使用现在完成时和过去完成时的场合 现在完成时 连用时间状语so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now 过去完成时 过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。即“过去的过去”，句中必须出现表示过去的动作、状态或时间状语。 对比 He has been ill for two weeks。他已经病了两个星期了。 He had been ill for two weeks before she came back。 在她回来之前，他已经病了两个星期了。 举一反三 1.（25-26高三上·江苏·阶段练习）The company, which (fall) victim to a series of cyberattacks, was struggling to regain customers’ trust, with its reputation severely damaged. 2.（25-26高三上·河北·阶段练习）Over the decades, it (grow) to become a cultural hub (枢纽) that is central to the city’s identity. 3.（25-26高三上·广东·阶段练习）Arching across the borders of northern China and southern Mongolia, the remote and rugged landscapes of the Gobi Desert (capture) the imagination of adventurers, explorers, scientists, and artists since the age of Marco Polo. 4．By the end of the expedition, we (climb) 12 mountains, watched 108 nest boxes, tagged 35 mammals, banded 74 birds and measured more than a thousand trees. We were tired out... 易错03主动语态和被动语态易混易错点 易错典题 【例3】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 易错分析：句子结构分析错误，谓语动词分析不当，混淆谓语的被动语态和过去分词都是错误原因。 避错攻略 【干货必记】使用被动语态的典型场合 · 受母语干扰，翻译上下文时混淆被动语态与主动语态。 · 混淆谓语动词被动语态构词be+done与非谓语动词重点过去分词done。 · 不及物动词及表示主语品质和状态的动词不用被动语态，如：sell, read, write, lock, wash, drive等。 · 系动词不用被动语态，如：look看起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, sound听起来, feel摸起来, prove证明时, turn out结果，证明等。 【名师支招】一看时间状语要求，二看是否需要被动语态，三看过去分词拼写。 举一反三 1．The virus (transmit) to humans by close contact with infected birds, and cannot be passed from human to human. 2．Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China (add) to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022. 3．Since June 2020, the Laos-China Railway Co has recruited and trained Lao trainees and more than 800 Lao employees, or over 90 percent of the trainees, (assign) specific positions. 4．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. 5． The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime (overthrow). 闯关一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 2.（2025年全国二卷）The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____61____ (be) one of them. 3.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 4.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空） Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ______ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 5.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 6.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 7.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）What should ________（do）with such a beautiful place? 习题综合练习 1．The company (appoint) Mr. Li as the new director because of his excellent ability last week. 2．Not only the manager but also a worker from his company (contact) the injured person so far. 3．The styles of the dresses in this shop (various) in colour and size to suit different customers. 4．The week I turned 50, my marriage came to a sudden end. My house, furniture and everything I (own) was sold to pay debts that I didn’t know existed. 5．Although Cascade volcanoes do not erupt frequently, they (threat) major populations and developments. 6．By 1980, we     (plant) five thousand trees along the road. 7．Now policymakers and governments (put) measures in place to restrict travel to certain bucket-list sites. 8．Woodcarving, an ancient craft with global cultural significance, (involve) shaping wood into delicate designs and figures. 9．It was the fourth time O’Neill (won) the Pulitzer Prize in Drama. 10．Flashing him another apologetic smile, I (beg) him for a delayed payment. 11．The only one of my teammates who (profit) from our extra training sessions so far is Zhang Wei; his skills have improved noticeably. 12．On stage right now, the singer and songwriter (exhibit) incredible energy and connecting deeply with the audience. 13．Had it not been for the fact that the skilled driver (weave) through the heavy traffic with ease, we would have missed our flight. 14．When you arrive at the station at exactly 6:30 tomorrow evening, a guide (wait) for you at the east exit with a yellow flag. 15．Knowing the nature of every food (enable) the Chinese to eat right food to balance yin and yang of the body. 16．She was the only one of several artists interviewed who (be) unhappy to learn that pictures of their work were used without someone informing them. 17．The ancient Chinese invention of paper-making, along with printing techniques, (transform) the way knowledge was spread across the world centuries ago. 18．The reserve, which also (comprise) a 6-kilometer-long cave system, owes its protected status to several hundred plant species, many types of fishes and rare bird species. 19．If stronger evidence (emerge) that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 20．During the medal ceremony, Biles and Chiles (bow) down to the Brazilian as she received her medal. 21．Environmental pollution (recognize) to have become one of the most serious problems that people face. 22．When we arrived at the garage, our car (repair), so we had to wait another twenty minutes. 23．It is (estimate) that nearly 20 people will be employed by that company. 24．Two thirds of the population (schedule) to have access to free medical care provided by the government. 25．A large quantity of books on modern science (write) in the early twentieth century, reflecting society’s growing faith in technological progress. 26．Large quantities of information, as well as timely help, (offer) since the organization was set up. 27．There will be both regular and zero-sugar options available, and it (sell) by the bottle and in cans. 28．Now Fagan runs The Financial Diet with graphic designer Lauren Ver Hage. Their team     (make) up of another five women and multiple guest contributors. 29．Young people can learn how the traditional food is made and the culture surrounding this food can (carry) forward and expanded. 30．The exam questions should focus on basic knowledge and skills, and the number of questions focusing on rote (死记硬背的) learning should (reduce). 31．In the Ming Dynasty, citizens of higher social classes (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. 32．She created many literary works that (leave) for generations to appreciate to date. 33．What astonished the public was that the murder case (dismiss) in the absence of any definite proof. 34．The driver’s certificate (suspend) by the police as he broke the traffic rules. 35．The sounds of different animals, including a baby elephant and a tiger,   (mixture) by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. 36．It is recommended that students’ problems with English listening and speaking (address) through daily practice. 37．Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now (classify) as ecotourism. 38．Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars (sweep) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 39．In traditional Chinese medicine, for example, different sections of the tongue (associate) with different organs. 40．What is required special attention is that facial recognition devices (ban) in private spaces like hotel rooms or restrooms. 闯关二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2025·浙江·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dance drama Tian Gong Kai Wu, or The Exploitation of the Works of Nature, will launch its 1 (globe) tour. On Nov 25 this year, the dance drama will be staged at the Sydney Opera House and from Dec 28 to 30, in Athens, 2 capital of Greece. Inspired by the classic of the same title by Song Yingxing, a scientist 3 lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the dance drama 4 (direct) by Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan. First 5 (publish) in 1637, the book, Tian Gong Kai Wu, offers a summary of ancient China's manufacturing and farming techniques, earning 6 (recognize) as an encyclopedia of science and technology. “My team and I took the important chapters and vivid illustrations from the full text of the book 7 the thematic and emotional cues for each section of the dance drama,” said the director Lu. The dance drama revolves around Song's quest, portraying his journey to gather the techniques along with tools 8 emphasizing the craftsmanship of ancient Chinese people. So far, it 9 (tour) nationwide by visiting nearly 30 Chinese cities with about 100 shows, 10 (attract) more than 100,000 audience. The production is a joint effort between the Jiangxi Cultural and Performing Arts Group and the Beijing Dance Academy. （25-26高三上·重庆·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Some 4,000 years ago, the Liangzhu culture, known for its sophisticated city of canals 1 (call) “China’s Venice of the Stone Age,” suddenly disappeared. Historians debated whether war, disease, or starvation caused its collapse, but recent research points to climate change 2 a key factor. Located near the East China Sea, Liangzhu 3 (be) home to an advanced Stone Age civilization for about 1,000 years, supporting an active agricultural system through its canals. Liangzhu City was listed as 4 UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2019. Researchers from the University of Innsbruck had long sought to explain 5 Liangzhu was abandoned, and the discovery of a thin layer of clay on the ruins suggested a possible connection between the ends of the advanced civilization 6 floods of the Yangtze River or floods from the East China Sea. However, no clear conclusions on the cause were possible from the mud layer 7 (it). A breakthrough came when scientists studied stalagmites (石笋) from two nearby underwater caves. As Dr. Peter Dockrill reported for Science Alert, their team discovered chemical signatures from about 4,300 years ago that showed extremely high rainfall, 8 (probable) caused by the 9 (warm) of ocean waters in the Pacific — an event known as the El Niño (厄尔尼诺). The study notes that wet conditions lasted for several hundred years following the collapse of Liangzhu, eventually paving the way for the rise of the Xia dynasty in 2070 B．C．E. Its celebrated 10 (found), Yu the Great, introduced more extensive flood-control methods and is known as the “Tamer of the Flood.” 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $