Unit5 Revealing nature 单元基础知识巩固练习-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

Unit 5 Revealing nature 第一部分：夯实基础 1、 拓展词汇 1. ____________v.探索；勘探；探究→____________n.探索；探究；勘探→____________n.探险家；勘探者 2. ____________n.神秘的事物；谜；神秘气氛→____________adj.神秘的；难以理解的 3. ____________v.生产→____________n.一代 4. ____________v.探测→____________n.侦探 5. ____________n.证据；证明；迹象→____________adj.明显的；明白的→____________adv.明显地；显然 6. ____________v.推断出；得出结论；结束→____________n.结论；推论；结尾 7. ____________v.预言；预测；预告→____________n.预言；预测 8. ____________n.距离→____________adj.遥远的，疏远的 9. ____________v.存在；生存；生活→____________n.存在；生存→____________adj.存在的；现存的 10. ___________v.使适应；改编→____________n.适应；改编；改编本→____________adj.适应的；有适应能力的 11. ____________v.生存；存活；幸存→____________n.生存；幸存；幸存者→____________n.幸存者；生还 12. ____________v.威胁；危及→____________n.威胁；恐吓→____________adj.威胁的；恐吓的 13. ____________v.进化→____________n.进化→____________adj.进化的 14. ____________v.保护；保存；节约→____________n.保护；保存；节约→____________adj.保守的；守旧的 15. ____________n.益处；好处 v.使受益；得益于→____________adj.有益的；有利的 二、单句语法填空(根据句意或首字母提示写出本单元所学单词的正确形式) 1. According to most scientists, all life on Earth has a common a . 2.The ____________who are expert in ____________of the island believe that climate change could have an impact on animal evolution.(geology) 3. To solve the problem, we have to get to its (根源). 4. I did not notice any behaviour from him,so I didn’t him of committing the crime. (suspect) 5.We should________________ (preservation) the environment for future generations. 6. The (distance) countryside is so peaceful that I don't want to go back to the noisy city. 7. They gathered hundreds of sea creatures and water (sample) to measure the garbage patch's effect on the environment. 8. It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future (generation). 9. To improve your reading habits, you must understand the (characteristic) of a good reader. 10. When the answer was no,she _________________(decline) the invitation. 11. A subway line _____________(link) the airport to the city center,so it will be convenient for citizens to travel. 12. ________________(blame) for the accident, I crouched on the ground,tears streaming down my cheeks uncontrollably. 13. They (detect)that a private ___________________(detect) had been tailing them for several weeks. 14. She was grateful for everything that the medical and nursing team (do) for her. 15. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the (evolve) of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. 三、选词填空(用方框内短语的适当形式填空) be a disgrace, be native to, of all time, in question, be crowded with, come to exist, adapt to, a variety of, tiny amounts of, drive... away 1. Darwin’s father thought he after he fail to get the degree in the medical college. 2.The National Park offers entertainment programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. 3. I wasn’t allowed to watch the interesting animation and was . 4. Tea China, and Chinese tea culture has a long history. 5. Though every place ___________ more or less ___________________ passengers, I still had a relaxing and memorable trip. 6. No one can tell for sure how the universe . 7. Original efforts showed only limited success, producing fresh water. 8. It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers wrote down their thoughts. 9.To tell you the truth, the suggestions above can help you your new school quickly. 10. An argument between friends doesn't necessarily mean that their relationship itself is . 四、课文语法填空 Although his father was against the journey, Charles Darwin still began his adventures on the ship, the Beagle, which would lead 1. one of the most important scientific 2._______ (discovery)of all time.During the journey, the ship was 3. (crowd) with samples of the plants and animals that he had collected.When 4. (study) these, he asked 5._________(he) the question of how different species came to exist.The idea 6. maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments 7.__________ ( inspire) Darwin to look for more evidence. Then he came up 8________a complete new idea, a theory of 9.____________(evolve), after studying the finches on the Galápagos Islands.His scientific studies were 10. convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. 五、完成句子（单句写作训练） 1. 我们应该尊重自然规律，与自然和谐相处。 _________________________________________________________________ 2.1.2.zhidzh 2.直到1859 年他的书才被出版，并且立马掀起一场风暴。（It is not until...that） 3.他讲话的声音很小以至于我几乎不听不到。 （so…that…引导状语从句） 4.据说来自其他学校的一些教师和学生也将被邀请表演。(It is said that…) 5.为了将知识与实践联系起来，我学习种植大豆，并观察它们的成长。(link… to…) 6.我一听到敲门声,我就开门了。(no sooner... than...倒装句) 7.这是足球迷们第三次荣获这项大奖。(It be+the+序数词+time that…) 8. .我们刚坐下吃晚餐,电话就响了。(hardly...when...) 第2部分 能力提升 一、语篇语法填空（阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。） （四川省宜宾市普通高中2023-2024学年高二下学期期末学业质量监测） People in cities, 1 (trap) in the forest of steel-and-cement structures for long, can’t wait to embrace nature on weekends. For those 2 (look) to escape the concrete jungle, maybe it’s time to dive into the bamboo forests of southern Sichuan, China. A natural forest that the people in Sichuan tend 3 (visit) is the Southern Sichuan Bamboo Forest in Yibin. The 120-square-kilometer Bamboo Forest is the 4 (large) primeval bamboo park in China and its average temperature seldom drops below 0℃ in winter 5 many parts of the country are covered with snow and ice. It has been a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon 6 (shoot) there in 2001. Two years later, it got an eco-tour rating when it was listed 7 a world-class bamboo reserve in December 2003, becoming the 8 (four) tourism destination in China to be granted Green Globe 21 certification. The Bamboo Forest covers Changning and Jiang’an, two counties of Yibin. Shocked by its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, 9 poet in the Song Dynasty, described it as “bamboo waves”. As Huang was an influential man of letters, his 10 (describe) gave rise to the forest’s popular nickname--the Bamboo Forest. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2、 读后续写微写作训练 The wind ____________ through the broken window. My flashlight flickered, ____________________________. My heart ___________so hard that I could almost hear it. My hands were ________________. I _________________, a cold fear creeping up my spine. A low, strange sound then came from the staircase above. 狂风从破损的窗户灌进来，我的手电筒忽明忽暗，在布满灰尘的墙上投下昏暗的影子。我的心跳得特别厉害，几乎都能听见声音。我的手又湿又抖，僵在原地不敢动弹，一股冰冷的恐惧顺着脊背往上爬。紧接着，头顶的楼梯间传来了一声低沉而诡异的吱呀声。 答案精析 一．词汇拓展 1. explore→ exploration→ explorer 2. mystery→ mysterious 3. generate→ generation 4. detect→ detective 5. evidence→ evident→ evidently 6. conclude→ conclusion 7. predict→ prediction 8. distance → distant 9. exist→ existence→ existing 10.adapt→ adaptation→ adaptable 11.survive→ survival→survivor 12.threaten→ threat→ threatening 13.evolve→ evolution→evolutionary 14.conserve→ conservation→ conservative 15.benefit→ beneficial 二.单句语法填空 1. ancestor 解析：根据首字母a和语境“地球上所有生命有共同的____”可知ancestor表示“祖先”，符合语义；句意：根据大多数科学家的说法，地球上所有的生命都有一个共同的祖先。 2. geologists；geology解析：第一空根据who are可知主语是复数，geology对应的指人的名词是geologist（地质学家），故填geologists；第二空“in+学科名词”表示“在……领域”，geology是“地质学”，符合搭配。句意：岛上研究地质学的地质学家们认为，气候变化可能会对动物进化产生影响。 3. root解析：get to its root是固定表达，意为“找到问题的根源”，故填root。句意：要解决这个问题，我们必须找到它的根源。 4.suspicious；suspect解析：第一空修饰名词behaviour，需用形容词suspicious（可疑的）；第二空didn’t后接动词原形，suspect sb. of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“怀疑某人做某事”，故填suspect。句意：我没有注意到他有任何可疑的行为，所以我没有怀疑他犯了罪。 5.preserve解析：should是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填preserve。句意：我们应该为子孙后代保护好环境。 6. distant 解析：修饰名词countryside需用形容词distant（遥远的），故填distant。句意：遥远的乡村是如此宁静，以至于我不想回到喧闹的城市。 7.samples解析：hundreds of后接可数名词复数，故填samples。 句意：他们收集了数百种海洋生物和水样，以测量垃圾带对环境的影响。 8. generations解析：future generations是固定表达。句意：正是这些年轻人能让这种文化形式为后代延续下去。 9.characteristics解析：“好读者的特征”不止一个，根据句意可知,此处用复数形式 characteristics。句意：要改善你的阅读习惯，你必须了解一名优秀读者的特征。 10.declined解析：由was可知句子为一般过去时，故填declined。 句意：当得到否定答复时，她拒绝了邀请。 11.links 解析：句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语“A subway line”是单数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填links。句意：一条地铁线路将机场与市中心连接起来，因此市民出行会很方便。 12.Blamed解析：逗号前是原因状语，主语I与blame是被动关系（“被指责”），因此用过去分词形式作状语。句意：因为这起事故被指责，我蹲在地上，眼泪不受控制地从脸颊滑落。 13. detected；detective解析：第一空是主句的谓语，根据had been tailing（过去完成进行时）可知，主句用一般过去时detected；第二空由“a private”可知需要填名词detective（侦探）。句意：他们发现一名私家侦探已经跟踪他们好几周了。 14. had done解析：“医疗护理团队为她做的事”发生在“她感激”之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时had + done。句意：她对医护团队为她所做的一切心存感激。 15.evolution解析：the后接名词，且evolution为不可数名词。句意：她想知道数百年的潜水是否会让他们的身体特征发生进化，从而让这项任务对他们来说更容易。 三、选词填空（用方框内短语的适当形式填空） 1. was a disgrace解析：根据语境“没能拿到学位”是“丢脸的事”，句子用一般过去时，主语he是单数，故填was a disgrace。句意：达尔文的父亲认为，他在医学院没能拿到学位是一件丢脸的事。 2.a variety of解析：a variety of 是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，用来修饰可数名词复数“entertainment programs”。句意：国家公园在园区内和全年都提供各种各样的娱乐项目。 3. driven away解析：and连接并列谓语，I与drive away（赶走）是被动关系，前面已有was，因此用过去分词driven away构成被动语态。句意：我不被允许看那部有趣的动画片，还被赶走了。 4. is native to解析：短语be native to表示“原产于、源于”，主语Tea是单数，再根据前面的has可知用一般现在时。句意：茶原产于中国，中国的茶文化有着悠久的历史。 5. was crowded with解析：短语be crowded with表示“挤满”；句子用一般过去时，主语every place是单数，故填was crowded with。 句意：虽然每个地方都或多或少挤满了乘客，但我仍然度过了一次轻松又难忘的旅行。 6. came to exist解析：短语come to exist表示“开始存在、形成”；宇宙的形成是过去的事件，用一般过去时，come的过去式是came。 句意：没有人能确切地说出宇宙是如何形成的。 7. tiny amounts of解析：短语tiny amounts of表示“少量的”，既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词，此处修饰不可数名词“fresh water”。句意：最初的努力只取得了有限的成功，只产出了少量的淡水。 8. of all time解析：短语of all time表示“有史以来、一直”，用来修饰“the greatest thinkers”。句意：正是用一支笔，有史以来最伟大的思想家们写下了他们的思想。 9. adapt to解析：短语adapt to表示“适应”，help sb. do sth.是固定结构，因此填动词原形adapt to。句意：说实话，以上建议可以帮助你快速适应新学校。 10. in question 解析：短语in question表示“有疑问的、被讨论的”。句意：朋友之间的争吵并不一定意味着他们的关系本身有问题。 9. adapt to 空前的 be prepared to 后接动词(短语),再根据句意可知，此处应表示“适应(adapt to)变化”。句意：世界将会不同，我们必须准备好适应这种变化。 10. in question 根据句中的 An argument between friendsdoesn't necessarily mean 可知,此处应填 in question,意为“成问题的”。句意：朋友之间的争吵并不一定意味着他们的关系本身有问题。 四、课文语法填空 1. to 解析：考查固定短语 lead to，意为“导致”。 2. discoveries 解析：考查“one of + 可数名词复数”结构。 3. crowded 解析：考查固定搭配 be crowded with，意为“挤满”。 4. studying 解析：考查省略句，省略了 he was，完整句式为 When he was studying。 5. himself 解析：考查反身代词，ask oneself 表示“问自己”,当主语和宾语是指代同一个人或物时，宾语用反身代词。 6. that 解析：考查同位语从句，that引导同位语从句， 解释 idea 的内容，从句不缺成分，故用that。 7. inspired 解析：考查一般过去时，描述过去的动作。 8. with 解析：考查固定搭配 come up with 提出，想出。 9. evolution 解析：考查名词，of 后接 evolve 的名词形式。 10. so 解析：考查 so...that... 结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。 五．完成句子（单句写作训练） 1.We should respect the laws of nature and live in harmony with nature. 2.It was not until 1859 that his book was published, and it immediately caused a storm. 3.He spoke in such a low voice that I could hardly hear him. 4.It is said that some teachers and students from other schools will also be invited to perform. 5.To link knowledge to practice, I learn to grow soybeans and observe their growth. 6.No sooner had I heard the knock at the door than I opened it. 7.It is the third time that football fans have won this great award. 8.Hardly had we sat down to have dinner when the telephone rang. 第二部分 能力提升 一．语篇语法填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宜宾的川南竹林。 1. trapped 考查非谓语动词。空格处用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词people，动词trap和people之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填trapped。 2. looking 考查非谓语动词。空格处用非谓语动词作定语，修饰those，动词look和those之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填looking。 3. to visit 考查非谓语动词。tend to do是固定搭配，不定式作宾语。故填to visit。 4. largest 考查形容词最高级。根据句意和空格前的定冠词the可知，空格处用形容词最高级作定语，修饰下文的park。故填largest。 5. when/while 考查连词。空格处引导时间状语从句，意义为“当······时”，且表示一种状态，应该用连词when或while。故填when/while。 6. were shot 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处是从句的谓语，根据时间状语in 2001可知，用一般过去时；主语scenes和动词shoot之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语是复数形式，谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填were shot。 7. as 考查介词。根据空格前的was listed可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“作为”，所以用as。故填as。 8. fourth 考查数词。根据所给数词和空格前的the可知，空格处应该用序数词fourth，表示“第四个”。故填fourth。 9. a 考查冠词。空格后的单数可数名词poet是上文的Huang Tingjian的同位语，泛指“一个诗人”用不定冠词，poet的发音是辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 10. description(s) 考查名词。空格处是句子的主语，应该用名词形式，名词description既是可数名词，也是不可数名词，用作可数名词时，应该用复数形式表示“泛指”。故填description(s)。 二. 读后续写微写作训练 例文一 The wind rushed through the broken window. My flashlight flickered, casting dim shadows on the dusty walls. My heart beat so hard that I could almost hear it. My hands were wet and trembling. I froze in place, a cold fear creeping up my spine. A low, strange sound then came from the staircase above. 例文二 The wind howled through the broken window. My flashlight flickered, casting wavering, ghostly shadows across the dusty walls. My heart pounded so hard that I could almost hear it. My hands were clammy and trembling uncontrollably. I stood rooted to the spot, a cold fear creeping up my spine. A low, strange sound then came from the staircase above. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $