精品解析：2026届江苏省部分学校高三上学期一模前调研测试英语试题

2026届高三年级模拟调研测试 英 语 注意事项： 1.本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答题前，考生请务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man probably want to buy? A. A cake. B. An umbrella. C. Some flowers. 2. When will Tom and Anne get married? A. In June. B. In July. C. In August. 3. Why does the man prefer shopping at Brown’s? A. It’s much bigger. B. It’s newly opened. C. It’s less crowded. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Salesman and customer. 5. What are the speakers doing? A. Negotiating a deal. B. Discussing a report. C. Planning a campaign. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Mike decide to do in the new year? A. Adopt a healthy lifestyle. B. Open another fitness club. C. Help the woman work out. 7. What does the statistic show? A. Competition among gyms is heating up. B. Membership fees for gyms have increased. C. Some gym-goers’enthusiasm is short-lived. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the man invite Fenny to do in London? A. Watch a show. B. Go sightseeing. C. Visit a school. 9. Where will Fenny meet Katie? A. At an art museum. B. At a clothes company. C. At an exhibition centre. 10. What does the man think of Katie? A. She’s ambitious. B. She’s open-minded. C. She’s energetic. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers talking about regarding smartphone use? A. Data security. B. Phone addiction. C. Environmental risks. 12. Why does the man always keep his phone on? A. He hates missing calls. B. He relies on the alarm. C. He needs the latest news. 13. What does the woman do to her phone every night? A. Turn it off for a while. B. Update the applications. C. Delete unnecessary files. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What does Professor Moore expect the students to do in class? A. Keep silent and listen carefully. B. Take an active part in discussions. C. Make as many notes as possible. 15. Which carries the most weight in the final grade? A. The midterm test. B. The final exam. C. The research paper. 16. What will Professor Moore do next? A. Talk about the textbook. B. Go through a reading list. C. Assign some homework. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To present a guest. B. To sell a book. C. To share a story. 18. What did Melville do in San Francisco? A. He joined a jazz band. B. He started a magazine. C. He taught at a college. 19. When did Melville return to London? A. In 1987. B. In 1992. C. In 1997. 20. What is Melville’s book aimed at? A. Recommending a contemporary musician. B. Promoting the study of black dance music. C. Drawing public attention to music education. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With careful urban planning, some former industrial centers are moving toward a more modern, and in some cases, sustainable future after decades in decline. Lake Charles, Louisiana This city hosts more than 75 festivals annually, including Mardi Gras. The 1911 Historic City Hall is the centerpiece of a lively arts scene, housing galleries and hosting exhibitions from local artists. Hikers often spot crocodiles along the Creole Nature Trail. Birders favor Sam Houston Jones State Park to see owls and ospreys. St. Louis, Missouri From the Gateway Arch to the City Museum, adventures await in St. Louis. The newly rebuilt Powell Hall hosts classical, jazz and blues concerts every day. Forest Park is the city’s beloved backyard and home to the St. Louis Art Museum, Missouri History Museum, and St. Louis Zoo. All are free. The St. Louis’ culinary scene, from BBQ to fine dining, is steadily gaining national attention. Coming hungry and curious, you’ll leave with a whole new appreciation for what this city has to offer! Birmingham, Alabama Once one of the largest steel factories in the US Sloss Furnaces is now a hands-on museum and arts venue. Green spaces, including the Botanical Gardens and Vulcan Park, are found throughout the city. Five Points South is home to trendy restaurants and shops. The city’s role in the fight for equality comes to life at the Civil Rights National Monument and Institute. Detroit, Michigan Constant construction signals the motor city’s return to glory (繁荣). Guests can check in at a variety of new hotels, including the breathtaking Roost Detroit, part of a $400 million redevelopment of the historic Book Tower. Visitors to the Motown Museum can pay a visit to Hitsville USA, where famous musicians including Diana Ross, Marvin Gaye and Stevie Wonder record. The Henry Ford Museum houses artifacts that offer a timeline of the invention of the automobile and its historical context. 1. Which city should festival lovers go to? A. Detroit. B. St. Louis. C. Lake Charles. D. Birmingham. 2. What is Powell Hall? A. A theater. B. A restaurant. C. A zoo. D. A museum. 3. What did the last two cities have in common? A. They were home to nice restaurants. B. They were famous arts venues. C. They were birthplaces of automobiles. D. They were known for big factories. B I always expected the worst in any scenes — focusing on the 2% death rate of a 98% successful surgery and visualizing my son’s mild cough as a rare condition. I spent years avoiding activities that I was sure would end in misfortune. I became a helicopter mom, checking the backyard for anything dangerous before letting David out to play — under my strict supervision (监督). Without my husband Don’s insistence, our son would never have learned to throw a ball. He argued I couldn’t keep watching over our four-year-old boy all the time and preventing him from doing sports and activities. Unwilling as I was, I knew he was right and left the “boy stuff” to Daddy. One day, David was carefully wrapping his Superman figure in a piece of bubble wrap (气泡膜). My first reaction was to take it away from him so he wouldn’t accidentally choke — until he spoke. “There! Now you’re safe when flying into pointy buildings,” he told his childhood hero. Suddenly, unpleasant realities struck me. I regularly refused all the different crowd outings because of panic over emergency. Though we went camping occasionally, I dampened their joy by wondering how many bears would kill us in our sleep. But seeing my son repeat my previous behavior by wrapping a superhero woke me up. That night, I suggested going to a concert downtown. “Aren’t you worried there might be a fire or something?” my husband asked, genuinely astonished. I knew I deserved that, but I let it go. “Always...But we’ll cross that bridge if we come to it.” That would become my new belief, no matter how difficult it was to say that first time. I regret the roads not taken because of my imagined assumptions, but my determination to change grows. I will always be grateful to my son and Superman, who made my increasingly smaller world become bigger, brighter, more positive, and happier. 4. Which picture best illustrates a helicopter mother according to the text? A. B. C. D. 5. What prevented the author from taking the bubble wrap away from David? A. David’s awareness of his own safety. B. Don’s criticism of her strict supervision. C Undivided attention David paid to his toy. D. Overprotective nature mirrored in David’s act. 6. What do the author’s words in paragraph 6 suggest? A. Her strategy to avoid conflict. B. Her change in response pattern. C. Her transformation in parenting style. D. Her tendency to imagine the worst situation. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To share her personal growth journey. B. To describe expectation for future life. C. To express regret for past imagined assumptions. D. To emphasize the impact of Superman on her son. C Imagine you’re writing a poem, rhymes must be paired up before you start a new line. It turns out that AI does something similar! When Claude, a large language model (LLM), is given the first line “he saw a carrot and had to grab it”, it begins thinking about words like “rabbit” almost immediately, writing the next sentence to end at the appropriate rhyme. Such forethought is unexpected. Scientists at Anthropic, the lab that developed Claude, built a tool and they discovered some unexpected complexity. The tool, a “digital microscope”, lets scientists look at which parts of the AI’s neural (神经的) network light up when it’s working on different tasks. If a particular area of the LLM lights up whenever it produces words like rabbit, then that gets marked as being related to rabbits. This has let the team solve some open questions in AI research, for example, whether a multilingual (多语言的) chatbot has awareness of concepts beyond language. When Claude is asked for the opposite of “big” in English, or the same concept in Chinese, the same feature lights up in every case, before more language-specific circuits kick in to “translate” the concept of smallness into a particular word. This suggests that AI might have a deeper understanding of the world than we thought. Other insights, though, are less encouraging. When Claude itself is asked to reason, printing out its chain of thought to answer maths questions, the microscope suggests that the way the model says it reached a conclusion, and what it actually thought, might not always be the same. Worse still, ask a leading question — suggesting that the answer “might be 4”, and it will specifically add numbers that ultimately lead it to agree with the question, even if the suggestion is wrong. But being able to gain insight into the mind of an LLM provides clues as to how to stop it doing the same in the future. The goal, after all, is not to have to do brain surgery, but to know what it’s thinking. 8. What does the writer intend to show through the example in paragraph 1? A. AI can write texts as programmed. B. AI can plan sentences in advance. C. AI can deal with complex tasks. D. AI can simplify rhyming lines. 9. How does “digital microscope” function in the research? A. By tracking AI’s thinking activities. B. By working on different jobs. C. By activating AI’s “brain” potential. D. By matching language patterns. 10. What can be inferred from paragraph 5 about Claude? A It may make stuff up. B. It may skip chains of thought. C. It may leave clues out. D. It may give logical reasoning. 11. Which of the following titles best suits this text? A. Why AI Still Gets It Wrong B. Chatbots’ Language Magic C. Looking Inside AI’s Mind D. The Rise of AI Chatbots D Taking antioxidant supplements such as vitamins C and E might make lung cancers grow bigger and spread by stimulating the formation of blood vessels within tumours (肿瘤), according to a study in mice. One researcher involved has said that people with the condition shouldn’t try to avoid these antioxidants in their diet, but getting more than they need via supplements could cause harm. Martin Bergö at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden and his colleagues previously found that supplementing with the antioxidants vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine caused lung cancers to spread in mice. To better understand how this might occur Bergö and a different team of researchers studied mice with a specific form of lung cancer and mice that had been implanted with human lung cancer cells. They supplemented the mice’s water with vitamin C, which the animals naturally yield, and vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine, which they get from their diet. The researchers gave the mice increasing amounts of these antioxidants, which made the levels of these antioxidants in the mice higher than what was necessary. “Today in society, a lot of people eat healthily. They have some supplements, and then they also consume other antioxidant-rich foods like ginger shots and smoothies,” says Bergö, “If you do all that, you could end up with the levels of doses — too much — that we’ re talking about.” The researchers found that the higher the antioxidant doses, the greater the rate of blood vessel formation in the tumours. This was true for mice with the specific lung cancer and those with implanted human cancer cells. Increased blood vessel growth would probably lead to tumours growing and spreading, says Bergö, but they didn’t study this. Bergö has stressed that people with any form of cancer shouldn’t change their diet on the basis of this research. “If you took away all the antioxidants in food, you would get sick for a range of reasons, such as vitamin deficiencies, and this would influence the cancer,” he says, “We’re focusing on increased doses above the required levels.” 12. What is the effect of antioxidant supplements on lung cancer? A. They help to reduce the risk of lung cancer. B. They have little significant impact on lung cancer. C. They prevent the formation of blood vessels in tumors. D. They may cause the growth and spread of lung cancer. 13. What does the underlined word “yield” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Digest. B. Compose. C. Construct. D. Produce. 14. How did the researchers study antioxidants on mice with lung cancer? A. By implanting human cells only. B. By varying the antioxidant doses. C. By comparing specific antioxidants. D. By keeping antioxidant doses fixed. 15. What does Bergö emphasize about the antioxidants in cancer patients’ diets? A. Antioxidants should be completely avoided. B. High doses of antioxidants can directly cause cancer. C. Antioxidants are necessary but their doses should be controlled. D. The study’s results should be used in adjusting the patients’ diets. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后给出的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。 The Power of Thinking Differently Just in the past few weeks, my wife has become the supporter of the concept of zero-waste living. Zero-waste is obviously about changing behaviors to produce less waste. But as my wife shared with me all the inventive ways people are getting around using plastic or reusing clothes or controlling the desire to accrue (积累) things we don’t really need, I realized that, zero-waste starts with something else. ___16___ And in many ways, the first step, which is simply being willing to do something differently, can be the hardest step of all. This came to mind as I read a cover story in education. Ostensibly (表面上), it’s about more and more colleges agreeing to drop standardized tests as a required measure of student aptitude (天赋). ___17___ That is always going to be hard. But in recent decades, colleges have realized that the old ways of judging individual value, while not necessarily wrong, were narrow. While they identified one kind of student well, they did not account for a wide range of experiences, skills, and qualities that were no less important to achievement and success. ___18___ The tests weren’t good enough. Schools could do better. So what has happened? Schools are increasingly consenting to think differently about admissions. They have resolved to do the best they can to see the whole individual. ___19___ Some think dropping mandatory standardized tests is a mistake. However, once the first step is taken, the onward pull of reason and morality speed progress. At a time when there appears to be so much confusion in the world, it is possible to look out and instead see something else: the world struggling with the perpetual (长久的) task of consenting to new ideas. Politics today show how easily we can become stuck in the mentally familiar. ___20___ That can be an admissions officer wanting to be more thoughtful in extending the benefits that her school offers Or it can be a zero-waste blogger asking us all to think differently about how we contribute to greater balance in the world. The only constant is the universal need for progress, and that will never leave us where it found us. A. It starts with consenting (同意) to change thought. B. Undoubtedly there have been missteps along the way. C. In short, they left a lot of amazing people out and didn’t even know it. D. But at its heart, it reveals something more fundamental: how we judge individual value. E. They offer the most challenging academic programs and ensure every student’s physical and mental health. F. The world, on the other hand, is constantly demanding that we be kinder and more connected and think ever larger. G. Many universities known to be highly selective in their admissions policies received more applicants than usual. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） It was the most destructive wildfire in California history. It started in Paradise (天堂镇) and caused $16.5 billion in ___21___, destroying nearly 19,000 buildings and killing 85 in all. The beauty of this ___22___ named place was gone. Grammer, working in Los Angeles, grew up there. When his friend Edwards posted pictures of his white chimney — the only part of his house to survive — he felt ___23___. And then he had an idea. “I’ve got to ___24___ that chimney,” he says, “I’m not trying to say anything. I’m an artist. It was an opportunity for me to ___25___.” Grammer spent three hours painting an image of a woman on the ___26___ — a reminder of the chimney, of the beauty of life, or even just of ___27___ itself. Grammer posted the image on Instagram. Those who were affected by the fire, ___28___, could not calm down. Someone ___29___, “You bring beauty and hope.” Greatly inspired, Grammer returned eight times. Outside one house, he found a photo of a girl, Eleanor. He painted a picture of her on the wall of her home left _____30_____. It was a stamp that life was here and that life can _____31_____ to be here. The painting has _____32_____ meaning for the homeowner. Eleanor’s father, recalls how she used to play just feet away. Eleanor herself returned once to _____33_____ the painting. Ironically (讽刺的是) that first painting, on the chimney in Paradise, _____34_____ only a few months — the bulldozer (推土机) is a cruel art critic. However, Grammer couldn’t be more delighted. It means that the _____35_____ of Paradise is rising again. 21. A. damage B. collection C. debt D. reserve 22. A. basically B. generally C. beautifully D. seriously 23. A. disappointed B. interested C. helpless D. fearless 24. A. beautify B. paint C. build D. repair 25. A. succeed B. improve C. practice D. express 26. A. chimney B. wall C. window D. door 27. A. art B. life C. nature D. beauty 28. A. on average B. in general C. on earth D. in particular 29. A. argued B. insisted C. posted D. suggested 30. A. standing B. existing C. fallen D. destroyed 31. A. pretend B. afford C. continue D. decide 32. A. new B. special C. practical D. real 33. A. copy B. handle C. donate D. admire 34. A. flashed B. suffered C. survived D. waited 35. A. spirit B. size C. fame D. power 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Day I Survived It had been raining buckets that week, and authorities had issued a flood warning, though not for where I was. Still, I had placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door just in case. As I was drifting off to sleep, I suddenly heard the sound of rushing water, _____36_____I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. When I _____37_____(swing) my legs off the bed, I was shocked by the sensation of cold water lapping against my knees and rising fast. _____38_____(feel) my way in the darkness, I grabbed my phone and turned on the flashlight. As I stepped out of my bedroom, water was shooting through the gaps of the garden door. The water _____39_____have gone over the sandbags, I thought. All around me, my things began to float: chairs, bookshelves, and pieces of my drum set. I heard the garden door starting to break down _____40_____the pressure of the flood, and the water was now up to my waist. I began to panic. In bare feet and with my shorts _____41_____(glue) to my body, I started to walk to my only escape: the door that leads upstairs. I struggled to the door and tried to pull it open, but the force of the water wouldn’t let me do so. I looked around and grabbed a broom _____42_____was floating behind me. Using it to pry (撬) open the door, I managed to make a gap of about a foot, just wide enough _____43_____(force) myself through. Finally, I made it outside. If I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned. The entire neighborhood was destroyed by the flood. Later, we _____44_____(assure) that something like this happens only once every 100 years. I hope so. It pains me to see ______45______was once a lovely, cozy street now turns into a waterscape. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你所在的学生会打算成立“英语电影爱好者联盟（English Movie Lovers Union）”。请你代表学生会给外教Allen写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 成立联盟的原因； 2. 开展活动的时间、地点和内容； 3. 邀请他加入并指导。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结束语已为你写好。 Dear Allen, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I chewed on my pencil as I walked back and forth across my bedroom. What was I going to do? It was bad enough that I was the new kid. But now I was sure to get laughed at by my classmates. How could my first homework be such a disaster? “My name is Anna, and this summer I...” I stopped. How could I stand in front of my class and say that I’d spent the entire summer handling something that most people don’t even like to talk about? Poop (粪便). I’d spent three months shoveling (铲), collecting, and analyzing cow poop on my grandparents’ farm. I tried to think of a different adventure I could share. Maybe I could say I’d spent the summer on the Weather Control Team preventing floods. “Time for dinner,” my mom called. I walked slowly down the stairs and slid into my chair. “You’ve been in your room since you came home from school,” Mom said. “What are you working on?” I sighed. “I have to tell the class what I did this summer.” My younger brother, Seymour, began to laugh uncontrollably. “No one will want to sit next to you after they hear you were covered in cow poop all summer!” “OK, that’s enough, Seymour,” Dad said. “Anna,” said Mom, putting green beans in a bowl, “be proud of the work we did this summer. Our planet would be in sad shape without scientists like your grandfather.” It’s true that my grandfather does important work. He developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel. Using the poop is now easy, economical, and environmentally safe. “I know, Mom,” I said, staring at my meatloaf. “But it’s not exactly something people want to hear about before lunch.” That night I dreamed about more splendid adventures: cave diving in Mexico, hiking through the Amazon rainforest . . . At school the next day, I bent over my desk, listening to each kid speak. My palms were sweaty, and the knot (结) in my stomach grew tighter. “And that was my journey to Mount Everest,” Ember Adams said, finishing her report. She bowed and look her seat. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “It’s your turn, Anna,” the teacher said. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After class, some of my classmates approached me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高三年级模拟调研测试 英 语 注意事项： 1.本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答题前，考生请务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man probably want to buy? A. A cake. B. An umbrella. C. Some flowers. 2. When will Tom and Anne get married? A. In June. B. In July. C. In August. 3. Why does the man prefer shopping at Brown’s? A. It’s much bigger. B. It’s newly opened. C. It’s less crowded. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Salesman and customer. 5. What are the speakers doing? A. Negotiating a deal. B. Discussing a report. C. Planning a campaign. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Mike decide to do in the new year? A. Adopt a healthy lifestyle. B. Open another fitness club. C. Help the woman work out. 7. What does the statistic show? A. Competition among gyms is heating up. B. Membership fees for gyms have increased. C. Some gym-goers’enthusiasm is short-lived. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the man invite Fenny to do in London? A. Watch a show. B. Go sightseeing. C. Visit a school. 9. Where will Fenny meet Katie? A. At an art museum. B. At a clothes company. C. At an exhibition centre. 10. What does the man think of Katie? A. She’s ambitious. B. She’s open-minded. C. She’s energetic. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers talking about regarding smartphone use? A. Data security. B. Phone addiction. C. Environmental risks. 12. Why does the man always keep his phone on? A. He hates missing calls. B. He relies on the alarm. C. He needs the latest news. 13. What does the woman do to her phone every night? A. Turn it off for a while. B. Update the applications. C. Delete unnecessary files. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What does Professor Moore expect the students to do in class? A. Keep silent and listen carefully. B. Take an active part in discussions. C. Make as many notes as possible. 15. Which carries the most weight in the final grade? A. The midterm test. B. The final exam. C. The research paper. 16. What will Professor Moore do next? A. Talk about the textbook. B. Go through a reading list. C. Assign some homework. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To present a guest. B. To sell a book. C. To share a story. 18. What did Melville do in San Francisco? A. He joined a jazz band. B. He started a magazine. C. He taught at a college. 19. When did Melville return to London? A. In 1987. B. In 1992. C. In 1997. 20. What is Melville’s book aimed at? A. Recommending a contemporary musician. B. Promoting the study of black dance music. C. Drawing public attention to music education. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With careful urban planning, some former industrial centers are moving toward a more modern, and in some cases, sustainable future after decades in decline. Lake Charles, Louisiana This city hosts more than 75 festivals annually, including Mardi Gras. The 1911 Historic City Hall is the centerpiece of a lively arts scene, housing galleries and hosting exhibitions from local artists. Hikers often spot crocodiles along the Creole Nature Trail. Birders favor Sam Houston Jones State Park to see owls and ospreys. St. Louis, Missouri From the Gateway Arch to the City Museum, adventures await in St. Louis. The newly rebuilt Powell Hall hosts classical, jazz and blues concerts every day. Forest Park is the city’s beloved backyard and home to the St. Louis Art Museum, Missouri History Museum, and St. Louis Zoo. All are free. The St. Louis’ culinary scene, from BBQ to fine dining, is steadily gaining national attention. Coming hungry and curious, you’ll leave with a whole new appreciation for what this city has to offer! Birmingham, Alabama Once one of the largest steel factories in the US, Sloss Furnaces is now a hands-on museum and arts venue. Green spaces, including the Botanical Gardens and Vulcan Park, are found throughout the city. Five Points South is home to trendy restaurants and shops. The city’s role in the fight for equality comes to life at the Civil Rights National Monument and Institute. Detroit, Michigan Constant construction signals the motor city’s return to glory (繁荣). Guests can check in at a variety of new hotels, including the breathtaking Roost Detroit, part of a $400 million redevelopment of the historic Book Tower. Visitors to the Motown Museum can pay a visit to Hitsville USA, where famous musicians including Diana Ross, Marvin Gaye and Stevie Wonder record. The Henry Ford Museum houses artifacts that offer a timeline of the invention of the automobile and its historical context. 1. Which city should festival lovers go to? A. Detroit. B. St. Louis. C. Lake Charles. D. Birmingham. 2. What is Powell Hall? A. A theater. B. A restaurant. C. A zoo. D. A museum. 3. What did the last two cities have in common? A. They were home to nice restaurants. B. They were famous arts venues. C. They were birthplaces of automobiles. D. They were known for big factories. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍美国几座昔日工业中心经规划转型为现代且可持续发展城市的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This city hosts more than 75 festivals annually, including Mardi Gras.(这座城市每年举办超过75个节日，包括狂欢节)”可知，湖查尔斯每年举办众多节日，是节日爱好者的理想之选。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The newly rebuilt Powell Hall hosts classical, jazz and blues concerts every day.(新建的鲍威尔音乐厅每天都举办古典、爵士和蓝调音乐会)”可知，鲍威尔音乐厅每天举办各类音乐会，由此可推知它是一座剧院。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Once one of the largest steel factories in the US, Sloss Furnaces is now a hands-on museum and arts venue.(斯洛斯熔炉曾经是美国最大的钢铁厂之一，如今已成为一座互动式博物馆和艺术场所)”以及第五段中的 “Constant construction signals the motor city’s return to glory (繁荣).(持续的建设标志着这座汽车城重回辉煌)”可知，伯明翰曾有大型钢铁厂，底特律是著名的汽车城，以大型工厂闻名是这两座城市的共同点。故选D项。 B I always expected the worst in any scenes — focusing on the 2% death rate of a 98% successful surgery and visualizing my son’s mild cough as a rare condition. I spent years avoiding activities that I was sure would end in misfortune. I became a helicopter mom, checking the backyard for anything dangerous before letting David out to play — under my strict supervision (监督). Without my husband Don’s insistence, our son would never have learned to throw a ball. He argued I couldn’t keep watching over our four-year-old boy all the time and preventing him from doing sports and activities. Unwilling as I was, I knew he was right and left the “boy stuff” to Daddy. One day, David was carefully wrapping his Superman figure in a piece of bubble wrap (气泡膜). My first reaction was to take it away from him so he wouldn’t accidentally choke — until he spoke. “There! Now you’re safe when flying into pointy buildings,” he told his childhood hero. Suddenly, unpleasant realities struck me. I regularly refused all the different crowd outings because of panic over emergency. Though we went camping occasionally, I dampened their joy by wondering how many bears would kill us in our sleep. But seeing my son repeat my previous behavior by wrapping a superhero woke me up. That night, I suggested going to a concert downtown. “Aren’t you worried there might be a fire or something?” my husband asked, genuinely astonished. I knew I deserved that, but I let it go. “Always...But we’ll cross that bridge if we come to it.” That would become my new belief, no matter how difficult it was to say that first time. I regret the roads not taken because of my imagined assumptions, but my determination to change grows. I will always be grateful to my son and Superman, who made my increasingly smaller world become bigger, brighter, more positive, and happier. 4. Which picture best illustrates a helicopter mother according to the text? A. B. C. D. 5. What prevented the author from taking the bubble wrap away from David? A. David’s awareness of his own safety. B. Don’s criticism of her strict supervision. C. Undivided attention David paid to his toy. D. Overprotective nature mirrored in David’s act. 6. What do the author’s words in paragraph 6 suggest? A. Her strategy to avoid conflict. B. Her change in response pattern. C. Her transformation in parenting style. D. Her tendency to imagine the worst situation. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To share her personal growth journey. B. To describe expectation for future life. C. To express regret for past imagined assumptions. D. To emphasize the impact of Superman on her son. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者曾是过度焦虑的“直升机妈妈”，总预想最坏结果、过度保护儿子，直到看到儿子模仿自己的过度保护行为，才幡然醒悟，决心改变心态，尝试接纳风险，让生活变得更开阔。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I became a helicopter mom, checking the backyard for anything dangerous before letting David out to play — under my strict supervision (监督).(我成了个“直升机妈妈”，每次让大卫去后院玩耍前，都要先仔细检查一番，确保没有危险，而且玩耍时我也得严格监督。)”可知，“直升机妈妈”表示一种过度担忧焦虑孩子状况的母亲，图片B“Tom has been out for 10 minutes. I’m wondering where he is now.(汤姆已经出去了10分钟了。我正想知道他现在在哪里。)”属于直升机妈妈。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“One day, David was carefully wrapping his Superman figure in a piece of bubble wrap (气泡膜). My first reaction was to take it away from him so he wouldn’t accidentally choke — until he spoke. “There! Now you’re safe when flying into pointy buildings,” he told his childhood hero.(有一天，大卫正小心翼翼地用气泡膜包裹他的超人玩偶。我的第一反应是把它从他手里拿走，生怕他不小心呛到——直到他开口说话。“好啦！现在你飞进尖顶建筑时就不会受伤啦。”他对他儿时的英雄说道。)”以及第五段“Suddenly, unpleasant realities struck me.(突然，一些不愉快的事实向我袭来。)”可知，反映在大卫的行为中的过度保护的天性阻止了作者从大卫手中拿走气泡膜，故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段““Aren’t you worried there might be a fire or something?” my husband asked, genuinely astonished. I knew I deserved that, but I let it go. “Always...But we’ll cross that bridge if we come to it.” That would become my new belief, no matter how difficult it was to say that first time.(“你不担心会发生火灾之类的吗？”丈夫惊讶地问道。我知道自己理应被这样问，但我没有多说什么。“总是会有担心……但真遇到问题我们再想办法解决。”这将成为我的新信念，尽管第一次说出这句话时是多么艰难。)”可知，第六段中作者的表述暗示了她在育儿方式上的转变。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I regret the roads not taken because of my imagined assumptions, but my determination to change grows. I will always be grateful to my son and Superman, who made my increasingly smaller world become bigger, brighter, more positive, and happier.(我后悔因为自己的臆想而错过了许多机会，但我改变的决心也愈发坚定。我将永远感激我的儿子和超人，是他们让我那日益狭小的世界变得宽广、明亮、积极且充满欢乐。)”以及文章围绕作者“从过度焦虑、预想最坏结果、过度保护孩子，到被儿子的行为点醒，决心改变、尝试接纳风险”的过程展开。可知，作者撰写这篇文章的目的是与大家分享她的个人成长历程。故选A。 C Imagine you’re writing a poem, rhymes must be paired up before you start a new line. It turns out that AI does something similar! When Claude, a large language model (LLM), is given the first line “he saw a carrot and had to grab it”, it begins thinking about words like “rabbit” almost immediately, writing the next sentence to end at the appropriate rhyme. Such forethought is unexpected. Scientists at Anthropic, the lab that developed Claude, built a tool and they discovered some unexpected complexity. The tool, a “digital microscope”, lets scientists look at which parts of the AI’s neural (神经的) network light up when it’s working on different tasks. If a particular area of the LLM lights up whenever it produces words like rabbit, then that gets marked as being related to rabbits. This has let the team solve some open questions in AI research, for example, whether a multilingual (多语言的) chatbot has awareness of concepts beyond language. When Claude is asked for the opposite of “big” in English, or the same concept in Chinese, the same feature lights up in every case, before more language-specific circuits kick in to “translate” the concept of smallness into a particular word. This suggests that AI might have a deeper understanding of the world than we thought. Other insights, though, are less encouraging. When Claude itself is asked to reason, printing out its chain of thought to answer maths questions, the microscope suggests that the way the model says it reached a conclusion, and what it actually thought, might not always be the same. Worse still, ask a leading question — suggesting that the answer “might be 4”, and it will specifically add numbers that ultimately lead it to agree with the question, even if the suggestion is wrong. But being able to gain insight into the mind of an LLM provides clues as to how to stop it doing the same in the future. The goal, after all, is not to have to do brain surgery, but to know what it’s thinking. 8. What does the writer intend to show through the example in paragraph 1? A. AI can write texts as programmed. B. AI can plan sentences in advance. C. AI can deal with complex tasks. D. AI can simplify rhyming lines. 9. How does “digital microscope” function in the research? A. By tracking AI’s thinking activities. B. By working on different jobs. C. By activating AI’s “brain” potential. D. By matching language patterns. 10. What can be inferred from paragraph 5 about Claude? A. It may make stuff up. B. It may skip chains of thought. C. It may leave clues out. D. It may give logical reasoning. 11. Which of the following titles best suits this text? A. Why AI Still Gets It Wrong B. Chatbots’ Language Magic C. Looking Inside AI’s Mind D. The Rise of AI Chatbots 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究人员通过“数字显微镜”探究AI（如Claude）的思维机制，揭示其提前规划、概念理解及推理问题，并提及研究意义。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Imagine you’re writing a poem, rhymes must be paired up before you start a new line. It turns out that AI does something similar! When Claude, a large language model (LLM), is given the first line “he saw a carrot and had to grab it”, it begins thinking about words like “rabbit” almost immediately, writing the next sentence to end at the appropriate rhyme.(想象一下你正在写诗，在开始新的一行之前，必须先搭配好押韵词。事实证明，人工智能也会做类似的事情！当大型语言模型（LLM）克劳德（Claude）得到第一行文字“he saw a carrot and had to grab it”（他看到一根胡萝卜，不得不抓住它）时，它几乎立刻就开始思考像“rabbit”（兔子）这样的词，并写出下一个句子，使其结尾有合适的押韵词。)”可知，作者以AI写诗提前思考押韵词为例，是为了说明AI能提前规划句子。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The tool, a “digital microscope”, lets scientists look at which parts of the AI’s neural (神经的) network light up when it’s working on different tasks. If a particular area of the LLM lights up whenever it produces words like rabbit, then that gets marked as being related to rabbits.(这个被称为“数字显微镜”的工具，能让科学家观察到人工智能在处理不同任务时，其神经网络的哪些部分会被激活。如果大型语言模型（LLM）的某个特定区域在生成“rabbit”（兔子）这类词时总会被激活，那么该区域就会被标记为与“兔子”相关。)”可知，“数字显微镜”通过追踪AI的思维活动（神经网络激活情况）发挥作用。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“When Claude itself is asked to reason, printing out its chain of thought to answer maths questions, the microscope suggests that the way the model says it reached a conclusion, and what it actually thought, might not always be the same. Worse still, ask a leading question — suggesting that the answer “might be 4”, and it will specifically add numbers that ultimately lead it to agree with the question, even if the suggestion is wrong.(当要求克劳德（Claude）进行推理，输出其思考过程来解答数学问题时，“数字显微镜”显示，该模型声称得出结论的方式与其实际思考过程可能并不总是一致的。更糟糕的是，若提出一个诱导性问题——暗示答案“可能是4”，即便这个暗示是错误的，它也会特意添加数字，最终得出与该问题暗示一致的结论。)”可知，Claude可能会编造思考过程或结果来迎合错误暗示，即“可能会编造内容”。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“The tool, a “digital microscope”, lets scientists look at which parts of the AI’s neural (神经的) network light up when it’s working on different tasks.(这个被称为“数字显微镜”的工具，能让科学家观察到人工智能在处理不同任务时，其神经网络的哪些部分会被激活。)”以及最后一段中的“But being able to gain insight into the mind of an LLM provides clues as to how to stop it doing the same in the future.(但能够深入了解大型语言模型（LLM）的“思维”，为未来找到阻止它出现类似问题的方法提供了线索。)”可知，文章围绕通过“数字显微镜”探究AI的“思维”展开，“探究AI的内心（思维）”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。 D Taking antioxidant supplements such as vitamins C and E might make lung cancers grow bigger and spread by stimulating the formation of blood vessels within tumours (肿瘤), according to a study in mice. One researcher involved has said that people with the condition shouldn’t try to avoid these antioxidants in their diet, but getting more than they need via supplements could cause harm. Martin Bergö at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden and his colleagues previously found that supplementing with the antioxidants vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine caused lung cancers to spread in mice. To better understand how this might occur, Bergö and a different team of researchers studied mice with a specific form of lung cancer and mice that had been implanted with human lung cancer cells. They supplemented the mice’s water with vitamin C, which the animals naturally yield, and vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine, which they get from their diet. The researchers gave the mice increasing amounts of these antioxidants, which made the levels of these antioxidants in the mice higher than what was necessary. “Today in society, a lot of people eat healthily. They have some supplements, and then they also consume other antioxidant-rich foods like ginger shots and smoothies,” says Bergö, “If you do all that, you could end up with the levels of doses — too much — that we’ re talking about.” The researchers found that the higher the antioxidant doses, the greater the rate of blood vessel formation in the tumours. This was true for mice with the specific lung cancer and those with implanted human cancer cells. Increased blood vessel growth would probably lead to tumours growing and spreading, says Bergö, but they didn’t study this. Bergö has stressed that people with any form of cancer shouldn’t change their diet on the basis of this research. “If you took away all the antioxidants in food, you would get sick for a range of reasons, such as vitamin deficiencies, and this would influence the cancer,” he says, “We’re focusing on increased doses above the required levels.” 12. What is the effect of antioxidant supplements on lung cancer? A. They help to reduce the risk of lung cancer. B. They have little significant impact on lung cancer. C. They prevent the formation of blood vessels in tumors. D. They may cause the growth and spread of lung cancer. 13. What does the underlined word “yield” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Digest. B. Compose. C. Construct. D. Produce. 14. How did the researchers study antioxidants on mice with lung cancer? A. By implanting human cells only. B. By varying the antioxidant doses. C. By comparing specific antioxidants. D. By keeping antioxidant doses fixed. 15. What does Bergö emphasize about the antioxidants in cancer patients’ diets? A. Antioxidants should be completely avoided. B. High doses of antioxidants can directly cause cancer. C. Antioxidants are necessary but their doses should be controlled. D. The study’s results should be used in adjusting the patients’ diets. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于抗氧化剂补充剂对肺癌影响的研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Taking antioxidant supplements such as vitamins C and E might make lung cancers grow bigger and spread by stimulating the formation of blood vessels within tumours (肿瘤), according to a study in mice.(一项小鼠研究显示，服用维生素C和E等抗氧化剂补充剂可能会通过刺激肿瘤内血管的形成，使肺癌生长得更大并发生扩散)”可知，抗氧化剂补充剂可能会导致肺癌的生长和扩散。故选D项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词所在句中“vitamin C, which the animals naturally yield (生素C，动物自然yield)”和“vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine, which they get from their diet (维生素E和N-乙酰半胱氨酸，从饮食中获取)”是对比关系，说明维生素E和N-乙酰半胱氨酸是从饮食中获取，而生素C是动物自然产生。故划线词yield意思是“产生”，与D项Produce同义。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The researchers gave the mice increasing amounts of these antioxidants, which made the levels of these antioxidants in the mice higher than what was necessary.(研究人员给老鼠增加了这些抗氧化剂的用量，这使得老鼠体内这些抗氧化剂的水平高于必要水平)”可知，研究人员是通过改变抗氧化剂的剂量来研究抗氧化剂对肺癌小鼠的影响的。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bergö has stressed that people with any form of cancer shouldn’t change their diet on the basis of this research. ‘If you took away all the antioxidants in food, you would get sick for a range of reasons, such as vitamin deficiencies, and this would influence the cancer,’ he says, ‘We’re focusing on increased doses above the required levels.’(Bergö强调，任何形式的癌症患者都不应该根据这项研究改变他们的饮食。‘如果你去掉食物中所有的抗氧化剂，你会因为一系列原因而生病，比如维生素缺乏，这会影响癌症，’他说，‘我们关注的是超过所需水平的剂量增加。’)”可知，Bergö强调抗氧化剂是必要的，但应该控制其剂量。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后给出的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。 The Power of Thinking Differently Just in the past few weeks, my wife has become the supporter of the concept of zero-waste living. Zero-waste is obviously about changing behaviors to produce less waste. But as my wife shared with me all the inventive ways people are getting around using plastic or reusing clothes or controlling the desire to accrue (积累) things we don’t really need, I realized that, zero-waste starts with something else. ___16___ And in many ways, the first step, which is simply being willing to do something differently, can be the hardest step of all. This came to mind as I read a cover story in education. Ostensibly (表面上), it’s about more and more colleges agreeing to drop standardized tests as a required measure of student aptitude (天赋). ___17___ That is always going to be hard. But in recent decades, colleges have realized that the old ways of judging individual value, while not necessarily wrong, were narrow. While they identified one kind of student well, they did not account for a wide range of experiences, skills, and qualities that were no less important to achievement and success. ___18___ The tests weren’t good enough. Schools could do better. So what has happened? Schools are increasingly consenting to think differently about admissions. They have resolved to do the best they can to see the whole individual. ___19___ Some think dropping mandatory standardized tests is a mistake. However, once the first step is taken, the onward pull of reason and morality speed progress. At a time when there appears to be so much confusion in the world, it is possible to look out and instead see something else: the world struggling with the perpetual (长久的) task of consenting to new ideas. Politics today show how easily we can become stuck in the mentally familiar. ___20___ That can be an admissions officer wanting to be more thoughtful in extending the benefits that her school offers. Or it can be a zero-waste blogger asking us all to think differently about how we contribute to greater balance in the world. The only constant is the universal need for progress, and that will never leave us where it found us. A. It starts with consenting (同意) to change thought. B. Undoubtedly there have been missteps along the way. C. In short, they left a lot of amazing people out and didn’t even know it. D. But at its heart, it reveals something more fundamental: how we judge individual value. E. They offer the most challenging academic programs and ensure every student’s physical and mental health. F. The world, on the other hand, is constantly demanding that we be kinder and more connected and think ever larger. G. Many universities known to be highly selective in their admissions policies received more applicants than usual. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文讲述了不同思维方式的力量，通过零浪费生活和大学录取标准的变化来阐述这一主题。 【16题详解】 上文“But as my wife shared with me all the inventive ways people are getting around using plastic or reusing clothes or controlling the desire to accrue things we don’t really need, I realized that, zero-waste starts with something else.(但当我妻子和我分享人们想出的各种方法来避免使用塑料、重复使用衣服或控制购买我们并不真正需要的东西的欲望时，我意识到，零浪费始于其他的东西。)”说明“零浪费”不仅仅是一种行为上的改变，其背后有更深的含义。下文“And in many ways, the first step, which is simply being willing to do something differently, can be the hardest step of all.(在很多方面，第一步，也就是愿意以不同的方式做事，可能是最难的一步。)”强调了改变思想或思维方式的重要性，这是实现零浪费的第一步，也是最难的一步。选项A“它始于同意改变思想”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选A。 【17题详解】 上文“Ostensibly, it’s about more and more colleges agreeing to drop standardized tests as a required measure of student aptitude.(表面上，这是关于越来越多的大学同意放弃将标准化考试作为学生能力的必要衡量标准。)”介绍了越来越多的大学同意放弃将标准化考试作为学生能力的必要衡量标准这一现象。空处需要解释这一变化背后的更深层次原因。选项D“但在其核心，它揭示了更根本的东西：我们如何判断个人价值”符合语境，揭示了这一变化背后的核心问题，即我们如何判断个人价值。故选D。 【18题详解】 上文“While they identified one kind of student well, they did not account for a wide range of experiences, skills, and qualities that were no less important to achievement and success.(虽然他们很好地识别出了一种类型的学生，但他们并没有考虑到一系列对成就和成功同样重要的经验、技能和品质。)”指出了过去判断学生价值的方式的局限性。选项C“简而言之，他们错过了很多优秀的人，甚至都不知道”符合语境，进一步说明了这种局限性导致的后果，即很多优秀的人被忽视。故选C。 【19题详解】 上文“They have resolved to do the best they can to see the whole individual.(他们决心尽自己所能看到学生的全貌。)”说明了学校在录取学生时，不再仅仅看重标准化考试的成绩，而是更注重学生的全面素质。选项G“许多以录取政策高度选择性而闻名的大学收到了比往常更多的申请者”符合语境，可能是因为学校改变了录取标准，吸引了更多不同类型的申请者。下文“Some think dropping mandatory standardized tests is a mistake.(有些人认为取消强制性标准化考试是个错误。)”中的“dropping mandatory standardized tests”与选项G中的“highly selective in their admissions policies”相呼应，进一步说明了学校录取政策的变化。故选G。 【20题详解】 下文“That can be an admissions officer wanting to be more thoughtful in extending the benefits that her school offers. Or it can be a zero-waste blogger asking us all to think differently about how we contribute to greater balance in the world.(这可能是一位招生官想要更有思考地扩展她所在学校提供的福利。或者可能是一位零浪费博主要求我们所有人以不同的方式思考我们如何为世界更大的平衡做出贡献。)”中的“thinking differently”与选项F中的“think ever larger”相呼应，进一步说明了我们需要改变思维方式，以更广阔的视野来看待问题。选项F“另一方面，世界不断地要求我们更加善良、更加团结，思考得更广泛”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） It was the most destructive wildfire in California history. It started in Paradise (天堂镇) and caused $16.5 billion in ___21___, destroying nearly 19,000 buildings and killing 85 in all. The beauty of this ___22___ named place was gone. Grammer, working in Los Angeles, grew up there. When his friend Edwards posted pictures of his white chimney — the only part of his house to survive — he felt ___23___. And then he had an idea. “I’ve got to ___24___ that chimney,” he says, “I’m not trying to say anything. I’m an artist. It was an opportunity for me to ___25___.” Grammer spent three hours painting an image of a woman on the ___26___ — a reminder of the chimney, of the beauty of life, or even just of ___27___ itself. Grammer posted the image on Instagram. Those who were affected by the fire, ___28___, could not calm down. Someone ___29___, “You bring beauty and hope.” Greatly inspired, Grammer returned eight times. Outside one house, he found a photo of a girl, Eleanor. He painted a picture of her on the wall of her home left _____30_____. It was a stamp that life was here and that life can _____31_____ to be here. The painting has _____32_____ meaning for the homeowner. Eleanor’s father, recalls how she used to play just feet away. Eleanor herself returned once to _____33_____ the painting. Ironically (讽刺的是) that first painting, on the chimney in Paradise, _____34_____ only a few months — the bulldozer (推土机) is a cruel art critic. However, Grammer couldn’t be more delighted. It means that the _____35_____ of Paradise is rising again. 21. A. damage B. collection C. debt D. reserve 22. A. basically B. generally C. beautifully D. seriously 23. A. disappointed B. interested C. helpless D. fearless 24. A. beautify B. paint C. build D. repair 25. A. succeed B. improve C. practice D. express 26. A. chimney B. wall C. window D. door 27. A. art B. life C. nature D. beauty 28. A. on average B. in general C. on earth D. in particular 29. A. argued B. insisted C. posted D. suggested 30. A. standing B. existing C. fallen D. destroyed 31. A. pretend B. afford C. continue D. decide 32. A. new B. special C. practical D. real 33. A. copy B. handle C. donate D. admire 34. A. flashed B. suffered C. survived D. waited 35. A. spirit B. size C. fame D. power 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家Grammer在加州历史上最具破坏性的野火之后，在废墟上创作画作，为受灾者带来希望和美的故事。Grammer的画作不仅是对废墟的纪念，更是对生命之美的赞美，给受灾者带来了极大的安慰和鼓舞。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它始于天堂镇，造成165亿美元的损失，摧毁了近1.9万栋建筑，造成85人死亡。A. damage损坏；B. collection收集；C. debt 债务；D. reserve预订，保留。根据下文的“destroying nearly 19,000 buildings, killing 85 people and leaving 50,000 others homeless”可知，此处是野火带来的“损坏”。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个有美好命名之地的美已经消失了。A. basically基本上；B. generally普遍地；C. beautifully美好地；D. seriously严重地。根据上文“It started in Paradise (天堂镇) ”可知，天堂镇有着美好的名字，火灾后，它的美消失了。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他的朋友爱德华兹上传了他的白色烟囱的照片时——这是他房子里唯一幸存下来的部分——他感到很无助。A. disappointed感到失望的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. helpless无助的；D. fearless无畏的。根据空前“posted pictures of his white chimney — the only part of his house to survive”及常识可知，看到这种情景，他感到无助。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我得画那个烟囱。”A. beautify使美丽；B. paint画，绘画；C. build建造；D. repair修理。根据下文“Grammer spent three hours painting an image of a woman...”可知，Grammer决定画烟囱。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我表达的机会。A. succeed成功；B. improve提高；C. practice练习；D. express表达。根据上文“I’m an artist.”和下文“Grammer spent three hours painting an image of a woman on the 6 — a reminder of the chimney, of the beauty of life”可知，这是艺术家Grammer表达自己思想的机会。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：格拉默花了三个小时在烟囱上画了一个女人的形象——让人想起烟囱，想起生命的美丽，甚至是生命本身。A. chimney烟囱；B. wall 墙；C. window 窗户；D.  door门。根据下文“a reminder of the chimney”可知，此处指“烟囱”。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：格拉默花了三个小时在烟囱上画了一个女人的形象——提醒人们烟囱，提醒人们生活的美丽，甚至提醒人们生活本身。A. art艺术；B. life生活；C. nature自然；D. beauty美丽。根据上文“the beauty of life”和“even just”可推知，此处指“生活”本身。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是火灾的受害者无法平静下来。A. on average平均；B. in general通常；C. on earth究竟；D. in particular特别地。根据下文“Grammer posted the image on Instagram”可推知，Grammer的画引发了人们的共鸣，特别是火灾的受害者。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人发帖说：“你带来了美丽和希望。”A. argued辩论；B. insisted 坚持；C. posted发布，发帖子；D. suggested建议。根据上文“Grammer posted the image on Instagram”和下文“You bring beauty and hope.”可推知，有人发帖子作出回应。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以这张照片为素材，在小女孩家中仅剩的一面墙上画了一幅她的壁画。A. standing站立；B. existing存在；C. fallen落下；D. destroyed毁掉。根据上文“Outside one house, he found a photo of a girl, Eleanor. He painted a picture of her on the wall of her home”可知，此处指仅剩下的，还“站立”在那里的墙。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个标志，生命曾在这里，生命可以继续在这里。A. pretend假装；B. afford买得起；C. continue继续；D. decide决定。根据空前“It was a stamp that life was here”可知，生命在“继续”。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这幅画对房主有特殊的意义。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. practical实践的；D. real真的。根据下文“Eleanor’s father, recalls how she used to play just feet away.”可知，这幅画对Eleanor’s father有“特殊”意义。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eleanor曾经亲自回来欣赏这幅画。A. copy抄写；B. handle处理；C. donate捐献；D. admire欣赏，钦佩。根据上文“Eleanor herself returned once”可知，Eleanor回来欣赏自己的画像。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，天堂镇的烟囱上的第一幅画只保存了几个月 —— 推土机是一个残酷的艺术评论家。A. flashed闪烁；B. suffered遭受；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。根据下文“only a few months — the bulldozer (推土机) is a cruel art critic.”可知，第一幅画只幸存几个月就被推土机推倒了。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着天堂的精神再次升起。A. spirit精神；B. size大小；C. fame名气；D. power权力，力量。根据上文“Grammer couldn’t be more delighted.”和“rising again”可知，此处指天堂的“精神”回来了。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Day I Survived It had been raining buckets that week, and authorities had issued a flood warning, though not for where I was. Still, I had placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door just in case. As I was drifting off to sleep, I suddenly heard the sound of rushing water, _____36_____I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. When I _____37_____(swing) my legs off the bed, I was shocked by the sensation of cold water lapping against my knees and rising fast. _____38_____(feel) my way in the darkness I grabbed my phone and turned on the flashlight. As I stepped out of my bedroom, water was shooting through the gaps of the garden door. The water _____39_____have gone over the sandbags, I thought. All around me, my things began to float: chairs, bookshelves, and pieces of my drum set. I heard the garden door starting to break down _____40_____the pressure of the flood, and the water was now up to my waist. I began to panic. In bare feet and with my shorts _____41_____(glue) to my body, I started to walk to my only escape: the door that leads upstairs. I struggled to the door and tried to pull it open, but the force of the water wouldn’t let me do so. I looked around and grabbed a broom _____42_____was floating behind me. Using it to pry (撬) open the door, I managed to make a gap of about a foot, just wide enough _____43_____(force) myself through. Finally, I made it outside. If I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned. The entire neighborhood was destroyed by the flood. Later, we _____44_____(assure) that something like this happens only once every 100 years. I hope so. It pains me to see ______45______was once a lovely, cozy street now turns into a waterscape. 【答案】36. as if 37. swung 38. Feeling 39. must 40. under 41. glued 42. that##which 43. to force 44. have been assured##are assured 45. what 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者经历洪水成功逃生的经历。 【36题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：我正迷迷糊糊地睡着，突然听到哗哗的水声，仿佛我不是躺在卧室里，而是躺在瀑布旁边。引导方式状语从句，表示“好像”应用as if，从句用虚拟语气。故填as if。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：当我把腿从床上甩下来时，我被冷水拍打着我的膝盖并迅速上升的感觉所震惊。根据后文was可知应用一般过去时。故填swung。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在黑暗中摸索着前进，我抓起手机，打开手电筒。此处feel与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Feeling。 【39题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：我想，水一定淹过了沙袋。此处表示对过去的肯定猜测，用must have done。故填must。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：我听到花园的门在洪水的压力下开始破裂，现在水已经到我的腰了。我开始恐慌起来。结合句意“在……的压力下”可知短语为under the pressure of。故填under。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：光着脚，短裤粘在身上，我开始走向唯一的逃生之路：通往楼上的门。此处shorts与glue为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填glued。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我环顾四周，抓住了漂浮在我身后的一把扫帚。定语从句修饰先行词broom，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我用它撬开了门，设法开了一个大约一英尺的缺口，刚好能勉强自己通过。此处为短语enough to do sth.表示“足以做某事”。故填to force。 【44题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：后来，我们确信这样的事情每100年才会发生一次。此处主语we与谓语构成被动关系，可用一般现在时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have，谓语用复数。故填have been assured / are assured。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：看到曾经可爱舒适的街道现在变成了汪洋一片，我感到很痛苦。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你所在的学生会打算成立“英语电影爱好者联盟（English Movie Lovers Union）”。请你代表学生会给外教Allen写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 成立联盟的原因； 2. 开展活动的时间、地点和内容； 3. 邀请他加入并指导。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结束语已为你写好。 Dear Allen, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】Dear Allen To help students learn about English culture and arouse their interest in English learning, the Students’ Union intends to set up English Movie Lovers Union. We’ll gather in our school hall every Saturday when various activities will be organized, such as watching English movies, writing movie reviews, etc. On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m honored to warmly invite you to join and guide us. I hold the strong belief that your participation will definitely inspire us all to know more about English culture and become more interested in learning and using English and thus work harder at English. We sincerely expect your coming at 6:00 pm this Saturday. Thank you. The Students’ Union 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表学生会给外教Allen写封邮件，向他介绍“英语电影爱好者联盟（English Movie Lovers Union）”的基本情况并邀请他加入。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法    总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：写作内容应包括以下几点：1. 成立联盟的原因；2. 开展活动的时间、地点和内容；3. 邀请他加入并指导。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） learn about; set up; on behalf of; be honored to 第三步：连词成句 1.To help students learn about English culture and arouse their interest in English learning, the Students’ Union intends to set up English Movie Lovers Union. 2.We’ll gather in our school hall every Saturday, when various activities will be organized, such as watching English movies, writing movie reviews, etc. 3.On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m honored to warmly invite you to join and guide us. 4.I hold the strong belief that your participation will definitely inspire us all to know more about English culture and become more interested in learning and using English and thus work harder at English. 5.We sincerely expect your coming at 6:00 pm this Saturday. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 连句成文，注意使用恰当连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高级句型，如：We’ll gather in our school hall every Saturday, when various activities will be organized, such as watching English movies, writing movie reviews, etc.这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句；本文也使用了一些固定词组，如set up; on behalf of; be honored to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I chewed on my pencil as I walked back and forth across my bedroom. What was I going to do? It was bad enough that I was the new kid. But now I was sure to get laughed at by my classmates. How could my first homework be such a disaster? “My name is Anna, and this summer I...” I stopped. How could I stand in front of my class and say that I’d spent the entire summer handling something that most people don’t even like to talk about? Poop (粪便). I’d spent three months shoveling (铲), collecting, and analyzing cow poop on my grandparents’ farm. I tried to think of a different adventure I could share. Maybe I could say I’d spent the summer on the Weather Control Team preventing floods. “Time for dinner,” my mom called. I walked slowly down the stairs and slid into my chair. “You’ve been in your room since you came home from school,” Mom said. “What are you working on?” I sighed. “I have to tell the class what I did this summer.” My younger brother, Seymour, began to laugh uncontrollably. “No one will want to sit next to you after they hear you were covered in cow poop all summer!” “OK, that’s enough, Seymour,” Dad said. “Anna,” said Mom, putting green beans in a bowl, “be proud of the work we did this summer. Our planet would be in sad shape without scientists like your grandfather.” It’s true that my grandfather does important work. He developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel. Using the poop is now easy, economical, and environmentally safe. “I know, Mom,” I said, staring at my meatloaf. “But it’s not exactly something people want to hear about before lunch.” That night I dreamed about more splendid adventures: cave diving in Mexico, hiking through the Amazon rainforest . . . At school the next day, I bent over my desk, listening to each kid speak. My palms were sweaty, and the knot (结) in my stomach grew tighter. “And that was my journey to Mount Everest,” Ember Adams said, finishing her report. She bowed and look her seat. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “It’s your turn, Anna,” the teacher said. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After class, some of my classmates approached me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “It’s your turn, Anna.” the teacher said. I took a deep breath, slowly rose from the seat and dragged my legs towards the platform. Hands trembling. I began my narrative. “My name is Anna, and this summer I did something unusual. Can you make a guess?” Out of curiosity, my new classmates offered me various responses, but none of them hit the spot. Urged by my new friends, I unfolded the tale of my unique summer experience—dealing with cow poop on my grandparents’ farm. The instant the two words “cow poop” escaped my lips, whispers from the class came into my ears. I cleared my throat and continued, “But I’m proud of what I did.” Then I explained how my grandfather developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel, making using the poop easy, economical and environmentally safe. Suddenly, the whole room fell silent and they all listened to me attentively, eyes fixed on me. I could sense the envy in their eyes and my initial uneasiness was completely replaced by a sense of pride and fulfillment. After what seemed like centuries, I brought an end to my narrative. I was not laughed at instead, I was greeted by thunderous applause. After class, some of my classmates approached me. For an instant, I was surrounded by numerous curious minds. They seemed to be really interested in the smelly cow poop and raced to inquire about everything to do with it. I patiently shared with them poop’s magic power and my grandfather’s anecdotes with the poop. Some of them even asked me if they could join me in the poop project, which was literally beyond my expectation. My job of dealing with poop didn’t put me to shame. It dawned on me that scientists like my grandfather do make a huge difference to the world that we live in. Additionally, it didn’t take a long time before I made new friends in my new class after my sharing of the extraordinary experience. A seed of hope was sown in my heart in secret—I made a resolution that I would try to be a scientist like my grandfather and do my part to help reshape our planet. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。“我”第二天在学校得告诉同学们“我”这个夏天都干了些什么。“我”祖父从事重要的工作，他发明了一种简单的方法，利用粪便作为燃料来源。“我”花了三个月的时间在“我”祖父母的农场里铲屎、收集和分析粪便。“我”很害怕同学因此嘲笑我。但最终“我”说出了事实，并且大家为我欢呼。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“‘轮到你了，安娜，’老师说。”可知，第一段可以描写“我”的心理活动，“我”对暑期活动的介绍。 ②由第二段句首内容“下课后，我的一些同学走近我。”可知，第二段可以描写“我”讲完后大家的反应和“我”的感受。 2. 续写线索：轮到我—内心挣扎—讲述事实—为我欢呼—感到自豪 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①深呼吸：take a deep breath/ breathe deeply ②提供：offer/provide ③站起：rise/stand up 情绪类 ①自豪：pride/ dignity ②嫉妒：envy/jealousy 【点睛】[高分句型1]Then I explained how my grandfather developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel, making using the poop easy, economical and environmentally safe.(运用了how引导的宾语从句，不定式作定语以及现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]Some of them even asked me if they could join me in the poop project, which was literally beyond my expectation.(运用了if引导宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $