期末复习之概要补全15篇（重庆专用）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上学期期末复习（人教版）

期末复习之概要补全15篇（重庆专用） （期末考试单元话题） 本资料共15篇专题训练，从上到下按照单元话题分层训练 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,志愿服务,旅行 2 适中 中华文化,游戏,说明文 3 适中 应用文,意见/建议 4 适中 中华文化,说明文,植物 5 适中 说明文,情绪,方法/策略 6 较难 中华文化,说明文 7 较难 说明文,环境保护 8 适中 说明文,健康饮食,健康与运动 9 适中 说明文,志愿服务,旅行 10 适中 家庭生活,议论文 11 适中 科普知识,说明文 12 适中 景点/建筑,说明文 13 适中 说明文,环境保护 14 适中 记叙文,科学技术,科幻故事 15 适中 食物,说明文,健康饮食 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A new kind of travel is becoming popular. It’s volunteer tourism (志愿者旅游). It means you do volunteer work during your holiday. Usually, volunteer projects (项目) last several weeks or months and are mainly for students or skilled people like teachers and nurses. Nowadays, however, there are lots of short-term (短期) volunteer holidays. Instead of swimming in the hotel pool or enjoying the sunbath on the beach, voluntourists (志愿旅行者) can go to South Africa to study lions or help with construction (建筑) projects in Latin America to improve themselves during the holiday. Even children can take part by doing simple jobs like cleaning beaches and planting trees to gain some life experience. A volunteer holiday can be a very helpful experience for a family. Volunteering as a family is a good way for young people to learn to be kind and responsible. What's more, they learn to be thankful. They learn about people's lives in poor countries and then they may feel thankful for what they have. However, not everyone is happy with volunteer tourism. Voluntourists believe that they make a difference by helping out, but some people think that voluntourists are short of the skills and time to really understand the problems and make a difference. That’s why it's important that voluntourists should carefully choose a project that will be really good for the local community. Volunteer tourism means that people can do volunteer work when 1 . Different from traditional tourism, volunteer tourism is short. Instead of just having fun by swimming or sunbathing, voluntourists can make themselves better by 2 or helping on a construction (建筑)project. Besides, a volunteer holiday 3 a family, because when they volunteer as a family, young people can learn to be kind, responsible and grateful. However, some people are not happy with volunteer tourism. They think voluntourists cannot really makes a difference because 4 to really understand the problems and make a difference. To be really helpful, voluntourists should choose a project carefully. 【答案】1．they are on holiday 2．studying lions 3．is helpful for 4．they lack skills and time 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新兴旅游形式——志愿者旅游，包括定义、特点、对家庭的意义、争议及建议，帮助学生了解多元旅游方式并培养社会责任感。 1．根据“It means you do volunteer work during your holiday.”可知，志愿者旅游是人们在假期做志愿工作，故填they are on holiday。 2．根据“voluntourists can go to South Africa to study lions or help on construction projects in Latin America to improve themselves”可知，志愿旅行者可通过研究狮子提升自己，故填studying lions。 3．根据“A volunteer holiday can be a very helpful experience for a family.”可知，志愿者假期对家庭有帮助，故填is helpful for。 4．根据“voluntourists are short of the skills and time to really understand the problems and make a difference”可知，有人认为志愿旅行者缺少技能和时间，故填they lack skills and time。 请阅读下列材料，用恰当的短语或句子补全表格。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A Game of “Legal Theft (小偷)”: Steal Sugarcane (甘蔗) Are you looking for a real-life adventure indoors? How about a game where you can “steal” all the sugarcane you can carry—completely legally (合法地)? That’s exactly the unique experience farmers in Meishan, Sichuan,have created. The idea was simple but exciting. At night, visitors tried to “steal” sugarcane from a field while avoiding guards and even dogs! If they escaped (逃跑), they paid 9.9 yuan for the sugarcane. If caught (被抓), they had to perform a funny talent. This game became a huge hit with thousands of people joining the fun. But why was it so popular? It wasn’t just about getting sugarcane. It was about the fun of the challenge, playing together, and laughing with friends. It helped busy adults feel like playful kids again. However, its great popularity also caused problems. Some people threw sugarcane on the earth or didn’t pay for the sugarcane. This shows us that even in fun games, it’s important to be honest and respect the hard work of farmers. This creative farm activity reminds us that joy can be found in simple, offline play. It teaches us to value fun, fairness, and the food on our plates. Category Details About the Game It is a special game, you can 1 . Rule: If visitors escaped, they 2 ; if caught, they have to perform. Why it is so popular It offers 3 . Lets adults play together and feel like kids again. 4 Its popularity caused waste and unpayment. (未付款) Thoughts Joy can be found in simple, offline play; teaches people to value fun, fairness, and the food on our plates. 【答案】1．“steal” sugarcane legally 2．spent 9.9 yuan on the sugarcane 3．a chance to challenge and have fun 4．Problems 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种名为“合法偷甘蔗”的游戏，包括游戏内容、规则、受欢迎的原因、带来的问题以及从中获得的感悟。 1．根据第一段“How about a game where you can ‘steal’ all the sugarcane you can carry—completely legally (合法地)?”可知，这个游戏很特别，可以合法地“偷”甘蔗，故填“steal” sugarcane legally。 2．根据第二段“If they escaped (逃跑), they paid 9.9 yuan for the sugarcane.”可知，如果游客逃跑了，他们要为甘蔗支付9.9元，即花费9.9元买甘蔗，故填spent 9.9 yuan on the sugarcane。 3．根据第三段“It wasn’t just about getting sugarcane. It was about the fun of the challenge, playing together, and laughing with friends.”可知，这个游戏受欢迎是因为它提供了挑战和娱乐的机会，故填a chance to challenge and have fun。 4．根据第四段“However, its great popularity also caused problems.”可知，这里说的是这个游戏带来的问题，故填Problems。 阅读语篇，用恰当的短语补全概要。 Dear Michelle, Summer vacation is coming but I feel worried. I like making plans but the problem is that I can’t follow them. At the beginning of the vacation, I watched TV and played games till late at night and sometimes I just forgot about the plans. A few weeks later, I realized I had to do what I planned but I just couldn’t focus on the work. As a result, I couldn’t finish all the things on time. When school began, I felt angry with myself. How can I stop being lazy and turn plans into actions (行动)? I really want to change this year. Sincerely, Li Ming Dear Li Ming, Thank you for sharing your problems with me. I have some ideas to help you. Firstly, use a timer (定时器) to remind (提醒) yourself when to stop playing. Secondly, put up the plans where you can see them easily. In this way, you won’t forget them. It’s also a good idea to remove useless things from the desk because they make it hard for you to focus on your work. For example, you can turn off your phone and put it in the locker. What’s more, remember parents are always there to help you. You can tell them about your plans and ask them to check your process. Hope my advice can be helpful and wish you a wonderful summer vacation! Best, Michelle Here are two letters between a student and a teacher. Li Ming asks Michelle for advice on how to 1 . He is too playful and can’t focus on them. Michelle tells Li Ming to remind himself when to stop by 2 and remember them by making them easy to see. She also thinks it helpful to remove useless things and 3 . In the end, Michelle hopes that Li Ming can 4 wonderful. 【答案】1．turn plans into action 2．using a timer 3．ask parents to check the process 4．have a wonderful summer vacation 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章呈现了两封书信，第一封是李明写给米歇尔的，他向米歇尔倾诉了自己在暑假期间无法按照计划行事的问题，第二封是米歇尔的回信，她针对李明的问题给出了建议。 1．根据第一封信中“Summer vacation is coming but I feel worried. I like making plans but the problem is that I can’t follow them.”可知，李明的问题是无法按照计划行事，所以他向米歇尔寻求的是如何把计划付诸行动的建议。故填turn plans into action。 2．根据第二封信中“Firstly, use a timer to remind yourself when to stop playing.”可知，米歇尔建议李明使用定时器来提醒自己何时停止玩耍。故填using a timer。 3．根据第二封信中“What’s more, remember parents are always there to help you. You can tell them about your plans and ask them to check your process.”可知，米歇尔还建议把自己的计划告诉父母，请他们监督你的进度。故填ask parents to check the process。 4．根据第二封信中“Hope my advice can be helpful and wish you a wonderful summer vacation!”可知，米歇尔希望李明能度过一个美好的暑假。故填have a wonderful summer vacation。 阅读语篇，用自己的语言概括并补全概要中所缺信息。在空白处填入一个恰当的词语或句子。 In Ju County, Shandong Province, there is a world-famous ginkgo tree. Scientists say it is about 4,000 years old—one of the oldest living trees on Earth! This tree grows on beautiful Fulai Mountain. Its huge trunk (树干) is so wide that nine adults holding hands can nearly circle it. Every autumn, its leaves turn bright golden-yellow and fall to the ground, covering the ground like a carpet (地毯) . There is an important historical story about this tree. Over 2,700 years ago, two kingdoms named Lu and Ju often fought. To make peace, the King of Ju invited the King of Lu to meet under this great tree. There, they agreed to make peace and become friends. This special meeting was recorded in China’s oldest history book, Zuozhuan. Because of this event, the tree now stands for peace. Thousands of tourists visit the tree every year to admire (欣赏) this natural wonder. It teaches us about China’s long history and reminds us to protect our environment. 请根据短文内容，完成下面的表格 (每空不超过3个词)。 A very old ginkgo tree grows in Ju County, Shandong. In autumn, its leaves fall and look like 1 . According to an old history book, the Kings of Ju and Lu had a talk under this tree and 2 . Because of this, the tree 3 now. This tree is a natural wonder. It 4 and teaches us about protecting the environment. 【答案】1．a carpet 2．made peace 3．stands for peace 4．reminds (us) 【导语】本文主要讲了一棵位于山东莒县的古老银杏树的历史故事和象征意义。 1．根据“Every autumn, its leaves turn bright golden-yellow and fall to the ground, covering the ground like a carpet.”可知，落叶看起来像地毯。故填a carpet。 2．根据“…the King of Ju invited the King of Lu to meet under this great tree. There, they agreed to make peace and become friends.”可知，两国国君在树下会谈并达成和平。故填made peace。 3．根据“Because of this event, the tree now stands for peace.”可知，这棵树现在象征着和平。故填stands for peace。 4．根据“It teaches us about China’s long history and reminds us to protect our environment.”可知，它提醒 (我们) 并教育我们要保护环境。故填reminds (us)。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A “happy place” is a place that makes you comfortable, safe and happy—you can be there in real life or just imagine it. It can be physical places like your bedroom, a nearby park or your grandma’s house, it can also be mental spaces such as a peaceful beach you remember from childhood or a magical garden you dream up. No matter what it is, it helps you get away from stress, sadness or boredom and feel better again. Scientist Frances Trussell says you can turn to your happy place whenever you need it. For example, after arguing with your parents, you may feel angry, when you know your bad exam results, you may feel upset; or when your best friend misunderstands you, you may feel sad—these are all good times to go to your happy place. The best part is that it’s always there for you, you don’t have to go anywhere or change your plans to feel its calm. Creating your own happy place is easy, and you can make it exactly the way you like. If it’s a physical place, you can set up a comfortable corner in your bedroom with cushions and a sofa, a soft blanket, your favorite books or small gifts that matter to you. If it is a mental or imaginary happy place, first, you can pick up a happy moment from your memories—maybe a day at the park or a quiet night with family. Then, try to picture every detail (细节): what you saw, heard, smelled and felt. If you’re making up a new place, let your creativity run wild-add all the things that make you smile. By making and using your happy place by design, you’ll feel better whenever life gets hard—and the more you use it, the more you will enjoy staying there. Summary A “happy place” is something that brings us 1 . It can be in physical or mental form. Scientist Trussell suggests turning to it if needed. When 2 , it’s the perfect time to go to our happy place. 3 by setting up a corner, or an imaginary one by using memories and creativity. Finally, the more we use this happyplace, 4 it will be. 【答案】1．comfort, safety and happiness 2．we don’t feel well/we are feeling bad 3．We can create one 4．the more enjoyable/the more pleasant 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了“快乐之地”的定义、使用时机、创造方法以及使用它的好处。 1．根据原文“A ‘happy place’ is a place that makes you comfortable, safe and happy”可知，“快乐之地”是能使我们舒适、安全与快乐的地方，即“快乐之地”是能给我们带来舒适、安全感与快乐的地方，bring sb. sth.“给某人带来某物”，因此填名词。故填comfort, safety and happiness。 2．根据原文中“after arguing with your parents…feel angry;…know your bad exam results…feel upset;…best friend misunderstands you…feel sad”这些场景描述可知，当我们感到愤怒、沮丧、难过，即感觉不好时，就是前往“快乐之地”的好时机。故填we don’t feel well/we are feeling bad。 3．根据原文“Creating your own happy place is easy…If it’s a physical space, you can set up a comfortable corner…If it is a mental or imaginary happy place, first, you can pick up a happy moment from your memories”可知，我们可以通过布置角落，或是借助回忆与创意来创造快乐之地。故填We can create one。 4．根据原文“the more you use it, the more you will enjoy staying there”可知，使用快乐之地的次数越多，体验就会越愉悦。故填the more enjoyable/pleasant。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 An Important Festival—Winter Solstice Winter Solstice (Dongzhi in Chinese) is a very important traditional festival in China. It usually arrives on December 21st or 22nd each year. On this day, the Northern Hemisphere (北半球) gets the least daylight and the most darkness of the year. After this day, the days start to get longer bit by bit, and the nights become shorter slowly—a sign of new life coming. For thousands of years, eating warm food has been one of the most popular Winter Solstice traditions. In northern China, families often make and eat dumplings on this day. There’s an old saying: “Eating dumplings on Winter Solstice keeps ears from freezing in winter.” “The story behind this tradition goes back to Zhang Zhongjing, a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty (东汉时期). He used mutton and healthy vegetables as ingredients in his dumplings. His goal was to help poor people fight the cold in winter. In southern China, people prefer eating tangyuan. “Tangyuan” means “being together with family” in Chinese, so eating them is a way to wish for family togetherness. Besides food, many families also have the habit of visiting relatives on Winter Solstice. They gather at home, share a big meal, and talk about their lives. For students, Winter Solstice is a chance to learn more about Chinese culture. Some schools even hold activities like making dumplings or tangyuan in class. Students can hear stories about the festival from teachers and learn why it’s important to keep traditions going. In recent years, even young people in big cities still love celebrating Winter Solstice. They may order dumplings or tangyuan online if they can’t go home, but they never forget the meaning of the festival. Winter Solstice is not only a day to eat special food, but also a time to feel the warmth of family and remember Chinese traditions. Winter Solstice is an important traditional Chinese festival. On this day, the Northern Hemisphere has 1 and the longest night. To celebrate this festival, northerners in China eat dumplings—a tradition that started with Zhang Zhongjing, who made dumplings with mutton so that 2 in cold winters, while southerners prefer tangyuan as a symbol of family reunion. Many schools also hold fun activities: we make dumplings or tangyuan in class, and teachers 3 and explain why we should keep such valuable traditions. Even young people still love Winter Solstice, because 4 . 【答案】1．the least sunlight 2．poor people could fight the cold 3．tell stories about the festival 4．it lets them feel family warmth and remember traditions 【导语】本文主要介绍了冬至作为中国重要传统节日的时间、气候特点、南北方不同的饮食习俗及其历史渊源，以及学校和年轻人庆祝冬至的方式和意义。 1．根据“the Northern Hemisphere (北半球) gets the least daylight and the most darkness of the year”可知，冬至这天白昼最短，黑夜最长。daylight意为“日光；白昼”，此处可用sunlight替换，表示“最少的阳光”。故填the least sunlight。 2．根据“His goal was to help poor people fight the cold in winter.”可知，张仲景制作饺子的目的是为了帮助穷人抵御冬天的寒冷。so that引导目的状语从句，后接句子，此处需填入“穷人能抵御寒冷”。故填poor people could fight the cold。 3．根据“Students can hear stories about the festival from teachers”可知，学生从老师那里听到关于节日的故事，即老师讲故事给学生听。故填tell stories about the festival。 4．根据“Winter Solstice is not only a day to eat special food, but also a time to feel the warmth of family and remember Chinese traditions.”可知，冬至不仅是吃美食的日子，更是感受家庭温暖和铭记中国传统的时刻，这也是年轻人喜爱它的原因。故填it lets them feel family warmth and remember traditions。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Nowadays, most of the world’s population lives in the city which is full of problems such as dirty air, noise pollution and too much pressure. The heavy work, tall buildings, busy roads and rushing cars make it hard for people to get close to nature. However, going outdoors into nature does a lot of good to people. So don’t be surprised if your doctor gives you a “nature prescription (处方)” for parks instead of medicine next time you go to the hospital. By encouraging patients to spend more time in nature, doctors are developing an effective new healthcare treatment to improve people’s health. What is a “nature prescription” like? Well, doctors may give patients many different suggestions. Running, hiking, and open-water swimming are all good physical activities that help people to experience nature. Other activities might not be that obvious, such as biking along a path near a river on the way to work. Patients are also encouraged to join in environmental protection projects. For example, they can help build bird houses in forests for birds to live in and raise their young. Taking part in nature prescribing activities brings patients not only physical but also mental benefits (益处). For example, nature-based activities can help to lower your blood pressure (血压) and make your heart stronger. Besides, spending time in nature makes you feel less stressed and less worried. Not only that, doing outdoor activities with other people can also help people feel less lonely. “Nature prescription” has been carried out successfully all over the world. For example, in England, the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust runs the Blue Prescribing Project. People with poor mental health in London are invited to enjoy the beautiful wetland environment. Many of them feel much better after the program. However, doctors and leaders who can plan these activities well are not enough. It’s a big challenge because it takes time and money. Also, some people may not enjoy certain nature activities, so more kinds of activities are needed. People living in cities are now faced with problems like pollution and stress. Going into nature is good for people but they 1 . So a new health method called “nature prescription” has become popular. Doing more physical activities in nature is suggested by doctors because 2 . Physically, they lower blood pressure and strengthen the heart. Mentally, they help reduce (减少) people’s 3 .This method has worked well around the world. But 4 : We need to train enough professional (专业的) people, and create more kinds of activities to fit different people’s likes. 【答案】1．have few chances to do it/hardly have the chance to do it/can’t do it 2．it’s good for (both) the body and the mind 3．stress, worries, and loneliness 4．there are still some challenges/problems 【导语】本文介绍城市生活存在污染、压力等问题，人们难亲近自然，“自然处方”这一健康疗法因此兴起，它能带来身心益处，但目前面临专业人员不足、活动类型少等挑战。 1．根据“make it hard for people to get close to nature”可知，人们难以亲近自然，故填have few chances to do it/hardly have the chance to do it/can’t do it。 2．根据“brings patients not only physical but also mental benefits”可知，这能给患者带来身心益处，故填it’s good for (both) the body and the mind。 3．根据“feel less stressed and less worried...less lonely”可知，能减少人们的压力、焦虑与孤独，故填stress, worries, and loneliness。 4．根据“doctors and leaders...not enough...more kinds of activities are needed”可知，存在一些挑战，故填there are still some challenges/problems。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，并将答案填写在答题卡对应的横线上，补全部分不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 More and more Chinese people care about their health today. They know that being too heavy can cause health problems. Light meals become popular these years as a healthy choice. Li Xinwei, a 21-year-old from Beijing, says, “I see basketball players and want to be strong like them. This week, I have light meals for dinner and exercise to make my body strong.” Light meals have less sugar and fat but more fiber and protein (纤维和蛋白质). They help people stay fit. A light meal may include (包括) eggs, vegetables, meat, or nuts. Each meal usually has only 200 to 500 calories (卡路里). People cook these meals by steaming or boiling (蒸或煮) to keep the food’s own taste. Some think light meals are just Western foods like sandwiches or salads. But many Chinese dishes are also light and healthy. For example, chicken with vegetables or shrimp (虾) with rice are good choices. Light meals are easy to cook, taste nice, and help people stay healthy. You don’t need to change your eating habits too much. Eating fruits every day and drinking enough water are also important. Why not try walking after meals or playing sports with friends? These are also good habits in life and they can make you feel better. Are you ready to try light meals? What’s your favorite healthy food? Light Meals and Healthy Living What are light meals? ◆Light meals have less sugar and fat but more fiber and protein. ◆People cook light meals by steaming or boiling to keep the 1 taste. Examples of light meals ◆Western: sandwiches; salads ◆Chinese: chicken with 2 ; shrimp with rice Why are they good? ◆Light meals help people 3 and each meal has only 200 to 500 calories. ◆They are easy to cook, taste nice. Other healthy habits Besides (除了) light meals, 4 can make you feel better. 【答案】1．food’s own 2．vegetables 3．stay healthy/keep fit 4．eating fruits, drinking water, walking after meals or playing sports 【导语】本文是说明文。主要围绕健康生活展开，介绍了轻食的特点、具体示例、优势，同时还提及了除轻食外其他能让人感觉更舒适的健康生活习惯，旨在引导人们关注健康、选择健康的饮食和生活方式。 1．根据“People cook these meals by steaming or boiling (蒸或煮) to keep the food’s own taste.”可知，人们通过蒸或煮的方式制作轻食是为了保留食物本身的味道。故填food’s own。 2．根据“For example, chicken with vegetables or shrimp (虾) with rice are good choices.”可知，中式轻食的例子包括蔬菜炒鸡和虾米饭。故填vegetables。 3．根据“Light meals have less sugar and fat but more fiber and protein (纤维和蛋白质). They help people stay fit.”可知，轻食有助于人们保持健康；结合文章整体语境，“stay healthy”与“keep fit”表意一致，均符合题意。故填stay healthy/keep fit。 4．根据“Eating fruits every day and drinking enough water are also important. Why not try walking after meals or playing sports with friends? These are also good habits in life and they can make you feel better.”可知，除了轻食之外，每天吃水果、喝足够的水、饭后散步或者和朋友一起做运动这些习惯都能让人感觉更舒适。故填eating fruits, drinking water, walking after meals or playing sports。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文超过3个词。 Have you heard of one of the New York Times best-selling books NUDGE? So what does nudge mean? Sometimes it’s a physical push. A person might nudge a friend to make him move out of the way, or a parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. At other times, it’s a mental push—for example, a boss might nudge workers to work faster by reminding them that a deadline (截止日期) is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics (特点). First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others. Second, design nudges don’t say clearly what the best choice is. They just suggest it in an indirect way. What can nudges help with? Take students as an example. They love eating junk food at lunch. Studies show that most people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. So schools can nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end. Giving food nicer names can also change student choices. “Cool summer salad” will probably be more popular than just “salad”. However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests. From public transport stops and libraries to gyms and home kitchens, design nudges are all around us because they are useful. A growing number of people are now using nudges on themselves to help deal with problems and make better choices. The passage introduces a word from the book NUDGE. A nudge is 1 . In design, nudges have two characteristics: making one choice more attractive and 2 With these characteristics, 3 . However, some nudges only benefit businesses instead of users. Due to their usefulness, 4 , with more and more people turning nudges into tools for self-help. 【答案】1．a physical or mental push 2．suggesting it indirectly 3．schools guide healthier eating by putting better food first 4．design nudges can be found everywhere 【导语】本文主要解释了“nudge”（助推）的含义，介绍设计助推的特征，举例说明其积极作用与负面影响，还提到设计助推因有效而广泛存在。 1．根据“So what does nudge mean? Sometimes it’s a physical push.”可知，有时这是一种身体上的推动。故填a physical or mental push。 2．根据“First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others. Second, design nudges don’t say clearly what the best choice is.”可知，设计助推的两个特点分别是：让一个选择看起来更具吸引力和间接建议。故填suggesting it indirectly。 3．根据“So schools can nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end.”可知，因此，学校可以通过将更健康的食物选择放在最前面，将不健康的食物放在最后，来促使学生吃得更好。故填schools guide healthier eating by putting better food first。 4．根据“From public transport stops and libraries to gyms and home kitchens, design nudges are all around us because they are useful.”可知，由于其有用性，设计助推随处可见，越来越多的人将提示转化为自助工具。故填design nudges can be found everywhere。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全总词数不超过30 词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 We often hear a parent shout, “Tidy your room.” A study shows that a tidy living space is really important for our happiness. However, sometimes a bit of mess might mean someone is creative. So, is it OK to have a messy bedroom? This question has become a hot topic online these days. Yes—it’s not a big deal It is important for kids to have their own space. This way, they can do what they like. When parents let kids keep their rooms as they want, they are helping kids get ready for their later life. Also, cleaning up rooms is a waste of time. There are more important things to do, like studies and hobbies. Anyway, the room will probably get messy again soon. No—mess causes bad feelings A study shows that in a messy room, you can’t focus on things like homework. A tidy room helps you think clearly. What’s more, some dangers may happen in a messy room—you can fall down or knock (碰撞)  something down and break it. A tidy room gives you more space to move around. In my opinion, if you don’t live with others, you can live as you want. But keeping your space clean and tidy is an important life skill. If your room is messy, it’s not fair (公平的)  to other family members because it’s part of their home too, and we should respect that. Is it OK to have a messy bedroom? People have 1 about it. Some people think kids should have their own space so that 2 . Also, kids shouldn’t waste time in cleaning up their rooms. Instead, they can do more important things. Others think a messy room stops you from focusing on things and 3 . The writer thinks it’s OK to be messy if you live alone, but 4 when living with others. 【答案】1．different opinions 2．they can develop independence 3．may lead to accidents 4．keeping tidy is necessary 【导语】本文主要探讨了卧室凌乱是否可行这一问题，人们对此有不同看法。 1．根据“This question has become a hot topic online these days.”可知，这个问题如今在网上成了热门话题，也就是人们对此有不同看法。故填different opinions。 2．根据“It is important for kids to have their own space. This way, they can do what they like. When parents let kids keep their rooms as they want, they are helping kids get ready for their later life.”可知，有些人认为孩子有自己的空间很重要，这样他们可以随心所欲，也就是能培养独立性。故填they can develop independence。 3．根据“What’s more, some dangers may happen in a messy room—you can fall down or knock (碰撞) something down and break it.”可知，另一些人认为凌乱的房间会让你无法集中注意力，还可能导致事故。故填may lead to accidents。 4．根据“In my opinion, if you don’t live with others, you can live as you want. But keeping your space clean and tidy is an important life skill.”可知，作者认为如果你独自居住，凌乱点没关系，但和别人一起住时保持整洁是必要的。故填keeping tidy is necessary。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，不能连续抄原文三个词以上，四个空共计字数不超过30词。 I am always excited about travelling to new places. Exploring different cities feels like opening a box of surprises. I can always find something new and beautiful during the trip. When I heard we were going on a holiday, I couldn’t wait to start our adventure (冒险). I had a three-day holiday last month, so I took a plane to my favourite city—Shanghai with my parents. On the first day, we went to Zhujiajiao Ancient Town like most visitors to Shanghai. We took a boat trip there. When we arrived at Fangsheng Bridge (Setting-fish-free Bridge), we saw many people setting fish free by the water. Someone told us that was a traditional (传统的) activity in the town. People did this because they wanted to be lucky. On the second day, we had great fun exploring Dongtai Road Antique Market together, where I easily found the four great classical novels (四大名著) I always wanted to buy. What a lucky find! We really enjoyed the fantastic trip. Another trip to Shanghai would be wonderful when we’re free. 根据语篇与任务要求，在空格处填上适当的短语或句子。 Report (报告) My parents and I took a plane to Shanghai and stayed there 1 last month. We went to Zhujiajiao Ancient Town first. People wanted to have 2 by setting fish free by the water. I always 3 buying four great classical novels of China. To my surprise, I found them easily in Dongtai Road Antique Market on the second day. On the last day, we continued to explore the city. We had such a great time on this trip that 4 . 【答案】1．for three days 2．good luck 3．feel like / dream of 4．we wanted to visit it again 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和父母去上海旅行的经历。 1．根据“I had a three-day holiday last month”可知，旅行持续三天，for three days符合。故填for three days。 2．根据“People did this because they wanted to be lucky.”可知，人们通过放生活动祈求好运，good luck符合。故填good luck。 3．根据“I easily found the four great classical novels (四大名著) I always wanted to buy”可知，我一直想要/梦想购买中国四大名著，feel like“想要”/ dream of“梦想”，时态为一般现在时，主语为“I”，用动词原形。故填feel like / dream of。 4．根据“We really enjoyed the fantastic trip. Another trip to Shanghai would be wonderful when we’re free.”可知，这次旅行我们玩得很开心，我们想再去一次。故填we wanted to visit it again。 阅读语篇，用自己的语言概括并补全概要中所缺信息。在空白处填入一个恰当的词块或句子。 Chongqing is famous as a mountain city. Because of its special geography, you can find steps (台阶) and ladders (梯子) everywhere. They are called “Tikan” in Chinese. These steps are not just roads; they are a part of the city’s life and soul. In the past, Tikan were the main streets for people who lived on the hills. They connected communities. Every morning, people walked down the Tikan to go to work or buy food at markets alongside the steps. Children ran up and down for fun. Neighbors often met and chatted on these steps. So, Tikan were the center of social life. However, with the fast development of the city, many elevators (电梯) and modern roads have taken the place of (取代) some old Tikan. It becomes more convenient for people, especially the old. But at the same time, some traditional lifestyles are fading away. Fewer people use the Tikan now, and the lively scenes of the past are becoming memories. Still, many citizens and visitors think these steps are precious. They are a living record of the city’s history. Some old Tikan areas become popular tourist spots now. People go there to experience the old Chongqing, take photos, and enjoy the unique view from the top. The Tikan tell us a simple truth: while we welcome the modern life, we should also protect Tikan. They are a symbol of our history and culture left by our ancestors. 请根据短文内容，完成下面的表格(每空不超过3个词)。 Chongqing is famous as a mountain city, especially its Tikan. They are not just roads; they are a part of the city’s 1 . In the past, Tikan were the main streets for people lived on the hills. People walked down Tikan for work. Children ran up and down for fun. Neighbors stood on the steps and chatted. So, Tikan were the center of social life. Now few people use them 2 many elevators (电梯) and modern roads have taken the place of some old Tikan. However many people think Tikan record the city’s history. More and more people go there to visit them. Some Tikan areas become 3 . Although we live a modern life, we should protect Tikan because they stand for our 4 . 【答案】1．life and soul 2．because 3．popular tourist spots 4．history and culture 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了重庆作为山城的特色 “梯坎”，包括其过去的作用、现在的变化以及它所承载的历史文化意义。 1．根据文章第1段“These steps are not just roads; they are a part of the city’s life and soul.”可知，梯坎是城市生活与灵魂的象征。故填life and soul。 2．根据文章第3段“Fewer people use the Tikan now, and the lively scenes of the past are becoming memories.”结合后文提到电梯和现代道路取代梯坎可知，原因是现代化设施的出现。故填because。 3．根据文章第4段“Some old Tikan areas become popular tourist spots now.”可知，一些古老的梯坎区域如今成为热门旅游景点。故填popular tourist spots。 4．根据文章最后一段“They are a symbol of our history and culture left by our ancestors.”可知，梯坎代表历史和文化传承。故填history and culture。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Listen, the ocean is calling for our help. Can you hear that? Many changes are happening in the ocean, and they all come from human (人类) activities. One serious problem is the growing number of jellyfish (水母). They love warm water. And the number of them is increasing (增加) because the weather is becoming warm. Sometimes they gather in large groups and eat fish, which causes seals (海豹) to have less food. This shows that all things in nature depend on (依赖) each other, and what we do has an influence on all living things. Another worrying change is happening to coral reefs (珊瑚礁). Many sea animals need clean and warm water to survive (存活). But when the water gets too hot or dirty, the coral reefs turn white and die. As a result, the colorful underwater world is becoming pale and lifeless. The ocean is also becoming dirtier than before. People throw too much waste into the water. The waste is often seen as food by sea animals. Among them, turtles (海龟) are especially in danger because they sometimes eat plastic (塑料) bags, thinking, they’re jellyfish—their favorite food. This mistake can kill them. But there’s good news—everyone can help! Here are some simple ways to protect the ocean. For example, we can pick up rubbish near the ocean. At the same time, don’t throw rubbish into the ocean, especially plastic bottles. What’s more, we can use reusable shopping bags instead of plastic ones. Most importantly, never buy the gifts made from sea animals or their homes. Friends, let’s work together to save the ocean and ourselves. Only in this way can we look forward to hearing the beautiful sounds of it Dear Robert, Recently I read a passage about environmental protection. It discusses the problems about 1 that are caused by human activities and how to save the ocean and ourselves. The passage describes three dangers. First, there are more and more jellyfish because of 2 . Second, the ocean is getting polluted (被污染的). Third, sea animals may eat waste as their food. Luckily, there are some ways to protect the ocean. We can pick up rubbish! Also, we can use reusable shopping bags. The most important action is that 3 . In a word, the writer reminds us that it’s everyone’s duty to do so. That is to say, saving the ocean is not just about protecting fish and coral reefs — 4 . Yours, Peter 【答案】1．great changes of the ocean/many changes of the ocean 2．warm weather 3．we shouldn’t buy things related to sea animals 4．it’s about protecting ourselves/it’s about a better future for everyone 【导语】本文介绍了人类活动引发的海洋变化及相关问题，给出了保护海洋的方法，强调拯救海洋是每个人的责任，也关乎人类自身。 1．根据“Many changes are happening in the ocean, and they all come from human (人类) activities.”可知，海洋发生了诸多变化，这些变化由人类活动引发。结合下文可知，文章讨论了由人类活动引起的海洋的巨大变化以及如何拯救海洋和我们自己的问题。故填 great/many changes of the ocean。 2．根据“And the number of them is increasing (增加) because the weather is becoming warm. ”可知，水母数量增多是因为天气变暖。故填warm weather。 3．根据“Most importantly, never buy the gifts made from sea animals or their homes”可知，最重要的是不购买与海洋动物相关的物品。故填we shouldn’t buy things related to sea animals。 4．根据“let’s work together to save the ocean and ourselves”可知，拯救海洋也是在保护我们自己/关于为每个人创造更美好的未来。故填it’s about protecting ourselves/it’s about a better future for everyone。 Young sci-fi fans’ ideas about future technology Recently, a Youth Science Fiction Alliance (青少年科幻联盟) has appeared in China. It brings together clubs from about 20 schools across the country. The starter, Ouyang Ziyi, was an 11th-grade student at Shenzhen Middle School. He was so interested in science fiction that he even wrote his own novel Qidian when he was in grade 8. “I was really inspired (启发) by Liu Cixin’s works,” Ouyang said. “I wanted to write about a future world and an energy crisis (能源危机).” His work was published (出版) later and won prizes. In September, he used his own contribution fee (稿酬) from Qidian to set up the alliance. The first thing the group did was to start the science fiction magazine Star Field. They chose 25 out of 1,000 works for their first issue (期). “I was really surprised by the imagination (想象力) of my peers (同龄人)!” Ouyang said. That same month, a grade 8 student from Shenzhen, Xu Weixuan, also published his sci-fi novel Flying to the Moon. “The big, exciting science and the real, touching details in the story come from the author’s careful research,” Ouyang told Shenzhen Special Zone Daily. “I have always believed that science fiction thinks ahead of its time and can even guide technological development. That’s why we young fans may one day become a driving force (驱动力) in technology,” Ouyang said. The 1 has caught people’s attention because it connects sci-fi clubs from about 20 schools across China. Ouyang Ziyi, the starter who showed 2 science fiction created the novel Qidian when he was in 8th grade. The novel was published and won prizes. Later, he used the money to set up the alliance for young fans. The alliance first created the sci-fi magazine Star Field. Ouyang was very surprised to 3 . That same month, Xu Weixuan, an 8th-grader from Shenzhen, also published his own novel. Ouyang said it mixes exciting sci-fi with 4 . He thinks science fiction can lead the times and guide the development of technology. 【答案】1．Youth Science Fiction Alliance 2．such interest in/great interest in 3．find the imagination of his peers/see the imagination of his peers 4．real, touching details 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国出现的青少年科幻联盟，介绍了其发起人欧阳子毅的科幻创作经历，以及该联盟所做的事，包括创办科幻杂志，还提及了另一位八年级学生徐伟轩出版科幻小说的情况，最后阐述了欧阳子毅对科幻的看法。 1．根据文中“Recently, a Youth Science Fiction Alliance (青少年科幻联盟) has appeared in China. It brings together clubs from about 20 schools across the country.”可知，青少年科幻联盟连接了来自中国约20所学校的科幻俱乐部，引起了人们的关注。故填Youth Science Fiction Alliance。 2．根据文中“The starter, Ouyang Ziyi, was an 11th-grade student at Shenzhen Middle School. He was so interested in science fiction that he even wrote his own novel Qidian when he was in grade 8.”可知，发起人欧阳子毅对科幻有极大的兴趣，以至于在八年级时就创作了小说《起点》。“如此……以至于……”可以用“such...that...”或“so...that...”结构来表达，“对……感兴趣”是“show interest in”，这里可以用“such interest in”或“great interest in”来表示极大的兴趣。故填such interest in/great interest in。 3．根据文中“They chose 25 out of 1,000 works for their first issue (期). ‘I was really surprised by the imagination (想象力) of my peers (同龄人)!’ Ouyang said.”可知，联盟创办了科幻杂志《星域》，欧阳子毅对同龄人的想象力感到非常惊讶。“对……感到惊讶”可以用“be surprised to do sth.”表达，“发现/看到……的想象力”可以用“find/see the imagination of...”，这里指的是同龄人的想象力，所以是“the imagination of his peers”。故填find the imagination of his peers/see the imagination of his peers。 4．根据文中“‘The big, exciting science and the real, touching details in the story come from the author’s careful research,’ Ouyang told Shenzhen Special Zone Daily.”可知，欧阳子毅说徐伟轩的小说将激动人心的科幻元素与真实感人的细节融合在一起。“真实感人的细节”即“real, touching details”。故填real, touching details。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文，连续超过3个词。 If you’re feeling hungry, what’s the easiest way to fill your stomach? More and more people will reach for a takeaway (外卖食物) menu and order some delicious but possibly unhealthy food. Because of busy lives, many people choose takeaway food over cooking by themselves. And new technology allows us to get what we want easily. For example, takeaway delivery (递送) apps make ordering food quick and easy. They are more popular with people who stay at home but can’t prepare a meal for themselves. It’s reported that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day. A survey by BBC shows that many English people eat fast food twice a week. However, we order a large pizza or a box of noodles at the cost of our health. We may put on weight if we eat too much unhealthy fast food. Also it may increase (增加) the risk of having illnesses. It’s true that cutting salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier. But why not find an easy cookbook, buy healthy ingredients (食材) like fresh vegetables, chicken or fish and cook them at home? It’s not hard, and you’ll know exactly what’s in your food! It’s a much better choice for your health. Summary When feeling hungry, many people choose takeaway food. That’s because 1 and new technology makes ordering takeaway food quick and easy. However, 2 . We may become 3 if we eat too much unhealthy fast food. So it’s better for us to 4 . That is fun and much healthier. 【答案】1．they are busy/they live busy lives 2．takeaway food is unhealthy 3．overweight and at risk of illness 4．cook at home with healthy ingredients 【导语】本文主要介绍了点外卖的原因，以及外卖食品不健康，建议我们自己做饭。 1．根据“Because of busy lives, many people choose takeaway food over cooking by themselves.”可知，点外卖的原因是因为很忙。故填they are busy/they live busy lives。 2．根据“However, we order a large pizza or a box of noodles at the cost of our health.”可知，外卖食品存在健康隐患。故填takeaway food is unhealthy。 3．根据“We may put on weight if we eat too much unhealthy fast food. Also it may increase (增加) the risk of having illnesses.”可知，吃太多的快餐容易使我们变胖，增加疾病的风险。故填overweight and at risk of illness。 4．根据“But why not find an easy cookbook, buy healthy ingredients (食材) like fresh vegetables, chicken or fish and cook them at home? It’s not hard, and you’ll know exactly what’s in your food! It’s a much better choice for your health.”可知，为了健康，可以在家烹饪。故填cook at home with healthy ingredients。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之概要补全15篇（重庆专用） （期末考试单元话题） 本资料共15篇专题训练，从上到下按照单元话题分层训练 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,志愿服务,旅行 2 适中 中华文化,游戏,说明文 3 适中 应用文,意见/建议 4 适中 中华文化,说明文,植物 5 适中 说明文,情绪,方法/策略 6 较难 中华文化,说明文 7 较难 说明文,环境保护 8 适中 说明文,健康饮食,健康与运动 9 适中 说明文,志愿服务,旅行 10 适中 家庭生活,议论文 11 适中 科普知识,说明文 12 适中 景点/建筑,说明文 13 适中 说明文,环境保护 14 适中 记叙文,科学技术,科幻故事 15 适中 食物,说明文,健康饮食 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A new kind of travel is becoming popular. It’s volunteer tourism (志愿者旅游). It means you do volunteer work during your holiday. Usually, volunteer projects (项目) last several weeks or months and are mainly for students or skilled people like teachers and nurses. Nowadays, however, there are lots of short-term (短期) volunteer holidays. Instead of swimming in the hotel pool or enjoying the sunbath on the beach, voluntourists (志愿旅行者) can go to South Africa to study lions or help with construction (建筑) projects in Latin America to improve themselves during the holiday. Even children can take part by doing simple jobs like cleaning beaches and planting trees to gain some life experience. A volunteer holiday can be a very helpful experience for a family. Volunteering as a family is a good way for young people to learn to be kind and responsible. What's more, they learn to be thankful. They learn about people's lives in poor countries and then they may feel thankful for what they have. However, not everyone is happy with volunteer tourism. Voluntourists believe that they make a difference by helping out, but some people think that voluntourists are short of the skills and time to really understand the problems and make a difference. That’s why it's important that voluntourists should carefully choose a project that will be really good for the local community. Volunteer tourism means that people can do volunteer work when 1 . Different from traditional tourism, volunteer tourism is short. Instead of just having fun by swimming or sunbathing, voluntourists can make themselves better by 2 or helping on a construction (建筑)project. Besides, a volunteer holiday 3 a family, because when they volunteer as a family, young people can learn to be kind, responsible and grateful. However, some people are not happy with volunteer tourism. They think voluntourists cannot really makes a difference because 4 to really understand the problems and make a difference. To be really helpful, voluntourists should choose a project carefully. 请阅读下列材料，用恰当的短语或句子补全表格。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A Game of “Legal Theft (小偷)”: Steal Sugarcane (甘蔗) Are you looking for a real-life adventure indoors? How about a game where you can “steal” all the sugarcane you can carry—completely legally (合法地)? That’s exactly the unique experience farmers in Meishan, Sichuan,have created. The idea was simple but exciting. At night, visitors tried to “steal” sugarcane from a field while avoiding guards and even dogs! If they escaped (逃跑), they paid 9.9 yuan for the sugarcane. If caught (被抓), they had to perform a funny talent. This game became a huge hit with thousands of people joining the fun. But why was it so popular? It wasn’t just about getting sugarcane. It was about the fun of the challenge, playing together, and laughing with friends. It helped busy adults feel like playful kids again. However, its great popularity also caused problems. Some people threw sugarcane on the earth or didn’t pay for the sugarcane. This shows us that even in fun games, it’s important to be honest and respect the hard work of farmers. This creative farm activity reminds us that joy can be found in simple, offline play. It teaches us to value fun, fairness, and the food on our plates. Category Details About the Game It is a special game, you can 1 . Rule: If visitors escaped, they 2 ; if caught, they have to perform. Why it is so popular It offers 3 . Lets adults play together and feel like kids again. 4 Its popularity caused waste and unpayment. (未付款) Thoughts Joy can be found in simple, offline play; teaches people to value fun, fairness, and the food on our plates. 阅读语篇，用恰当的短语补全概要。 Dear Michelle, Summer vacation is coming but I feel worried. I like making plans but the problem is that I can’t follow them. At the beginning of the vacation, I watched TV and played games till late at night and sometimes I just forgot about the plans. A few weeks later, I realized I had to do what I planned but I just couldn’t focus on the work. As a result, I couldn’t finish all the things on time. When school began, I felt angry with myself. How can I stop being lazy and turn plans into actions (行动)? I really want to change this year. Sincerely, Li Ming Dear Li Ming, Thank you for sharing your problems with me. I have some ideas to help you. Firstly, use a timer (定时器) to remind (提醒) yourself when to stop playing. Secondly, put up the plans where you can see them easily. In this way, you won’t forget them. It’s also a good idea to remove useless things from the desk because they make it hard for you to focus on your work. For example, you can turn off your phone and put it in the locker. What’s more, remember parents are always there to help you. You can tell them about your plans and ask them to check your process. Hope my advice can be helpful and wish you a wonderful summer vacation! Best, Michelle Here are two letters between a student and a teacher. Li Ming asks Michelle for advice on how to 1 . He is too playful and can’t focus on them. Michelle tells Li Ming to remind himself when to stop by 2 and remember them by making them easy to see. She also thinks it helpful to remove useless things and 3 . In the end, Michelle hopes that Li Ming can 4 wonderful. 阅读语篇，用自己的语言概括并补全概要中所缺信息。在空白处填入一个恰当的词语或句子。 In Ju County, Shandong Province, there is a world-famous ginkgo tree. Scientists say it is about 4,000 years old—one of the oldest living trees on Earth! This tree grows on beautiful Fulai Mountain. Its huge trunk (树干) is so wide that nine adults holding hands can nearly circle it. Every autumn, its leaves turn bright golden-yellow and fall to the ground, covering the ground like a carpet (地毯) . There is an important historical story about this tree. Over 2,700 years ago, two kingdoms named Lu and Ju often fought. To make peace, the King of Ju invited the King of Lu to meet under this great tree. There, they agreed to make peace and become friends. This special meeting was recorded in China’s oldest history book, Zuozhuan. Because of this event, the tree now stands for peace. Thousands of tourists visit the tree every year to admire (欣赏) this natural wonder. It teaches us about China’s long history and reminds us to protect our environment. 请根据短文内容，完成下面的表格 (每空不超过3个词)。 A very old ginkgo tree grows in Ju County, Shandong. In autumn, its leaves fall and look like 1 . According to an old history book, the Kings of Ju and Lu had a talk under this tree and 2 . Because of this, the tree 3 now. This tree is a natural wonder. It 4 and teaches us about protecting the environment. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A “happy place” is a place that makes you comfortable, safe and happy—you can be there in real life or just imagine it. It can be physical places like your bedroom, a nearby park or your grandma’s house, it can also be mental spaces such as a peaceful beach you remember from childhood or a magical garden you dream up. No matter what it is, it helps you get away from stress, sadness or boredom and feel better again. Scientist Frances Trussell says you can turn to your happy place whenever you need it. For example, after arguing with your parents, you may feel angry, when you know your bad exam results, you may feel upset; or when your best friend misunderstands you, you may feel sad—these are all good times to go to your happy place. The best part is that it’s always there for you, you don’t have to go anywhere or change your plans to feel its calm. Creating your own happy place is easy, and you can make it exactly the way you like. If it’s a physical place, you can set up a comfortable corner in your bedroom with cushions and a sofa, a soft blanket, your favorite books or small gifts that matter to you. If it is a mental or imaginary happy place, first, you can pick up a happy moment from your memories—maybe a day at the park or a quiet night with family. Then, try to picture every detail (细节): what you saw, heard, smelled and felt. If you’re making up a new place, let your creativity run wild-add all the things that make you smile. By making and using your happy place by design, you’ll feel better whenever life gets hard—and the more you use it, the more you will enjoy staying there. Summary A “happy place” is something that brings us 1 . It can be in physical or mental form. Scientist Trussell suggests turning to it if needed. When 2 , it’s the perfect time to go to our happy place. 3 by setting up a corner, or an imaginary one by using memories and creativity. Finally, the more we use this happyplace, 4 it will be. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 An Important Festival—Winter Solstice Winter Solstice (Dongzhi in Chinese) is a very important traditional festival in China. It usually arrives on December 21st or 22nd each year. On this day, the Northern Hemisphere (北半球) gets the least daylight and the most darkness of the year. After this day, the days start to get longer bit by bit, and the nights become shorter slowly—a sign of new life coming. For thousands of years, eating warm food has been one of the most popular Winter Solstice traditions. In northern China, families often make and eat dumplings on this day. There’s an old saying: “Eating dumplings on Winter Solstice keeps ears from freezing in winter.” “The story behind this tradition goes back to Zhang Zhongjing, a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty (东汉时期). He used mutton and healthy vegetables as ingredients in his dumplings. His goal was to help poor people fight the cold in winter. In southern China, people prefer eating tangyuan. “Tangyuan” means “being together with family” in Chinese, so eating them is a way to wish for family togetherness. Besides food, many families also have the habit of visiting relatives on Winter Solstice. They gather at home, share a big meal, and talk about their lives. For students, Winter Solstice is a chance to learn more about Chinese culture. Some schools even hold activities like making dumplings or tangyuan in class. Students can hear stories about the festival from teachers and learn why it’s important to keep traditions going. In recent years, even young people in big cities still love celebrating Winter Solstice. They may order dumplings or tangyuan online if they can’t go home, but they never forget the meaning of the festival. Winter Solstice is not only a day to eat special food, but also a time to feel the warmth of family and remember Chinese traditions. Winter Solstice is an important traditional Chinese festival. On this day, the Northern Hemisphere has 1 and the longest night. To celebrate this festival, northerners in China eat dumplings—a tradition that started with Zhang Zhongjing, who made dumplings with mutton so that 2 in cold winters, while southerners prefer tangyuan as a symbol of family reunion. Many schools also hold fun activities: we make dumplings or tangyuan in class, and teachers 3 and explain why we should keep such valuable traditions. Even young people still love Winter Solstice, because 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Nowadays, most of the world’s population lives in the city which is full of problems such as dirty air, noise pollution and too much pressure. The heavy work, tall buildings, busy roads and rushing cars make it hard for people to get close to nature. However, going outdoors into nature does a lot of good to people. So don’t be surprised if your doctor gives you a “nature prescription (处方)” for parks instead of medicine next time you go to the hospital. By encouraging patients to spend more time in nature, doctors are developing an effective new healthcare treatment to improve people’s health. What is a “nature prescription” like? Well, doctors may give patients many different suggestions. Running, hiking, and open-water swimming are all good physical activities that help people to experience nature. Other activities might not be that obvious, such as biking along a path near a river on the way to work. Patients are also encouraged to join in environmental protection projects. For example, they can help build bird houses in forests for birds to live in and raise their young. Taking part in nature prescribing activities brings patients not only physical but also mental benefits (益处). For example, nature-based activities can help to lower your blood pressure (血压) and make your heart stronger. Besides, spending time in nature makes you feel less stressed and less worried. Not only that, doing outdoor activities with other people can also help people feel less lonely. “Nature prescription” has been carried out successfully all over the world. For example, in England, the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust runs the Blue Prescribing Project. People with poor mental health in London are invited to enjoy the beautiful wetland environment. Many of them feel much better after the program. However, doctors and leaders who can plan these activities well are not enough. It’s a big challenge because it takes time and money. Also, some people may not enjoy certain nature activities, so more kinds of activities are needed. People living in cities are now faced with problems like pollution and stress. Going into nature is good for people but they 1 . So a new health method called “nature prescription” has become popular. Doing more physical activities in nature is suggested by doctors because 2 . Physically, they lower blood pressure and strengthen the heart. Mentally, they help reduce (减少) people’s 3 .This method has worked well around the world. But 4 : We need to train enough professional (专业的) people, and create more kinds of activities to fit different people’s likes. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，并将答案填写在答题卡对应的横线上，补全部分不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 More and more Chinese people care about their health today. They know that being too heavy can cause health problems. Light meals become popular these years as a healthy choice. Li Xinwei, a 21-year-old from Beijing, says, “I see basketball players and want to be strong like them. This week, I have light meals for dinner and exercise to make my body strong.” Light meals have less sugar and fat but more fiber and protein (纤维和蛋白质). They help people stay fit. A light meal may include (包括) eggs, vegetables, meat, or nuts. Each meal usually has only 200 to 500 calories (卡路里). People cook these meals by steaming or boiling (蒸或煮) to keep the food’s own taste. Some think light meals are just Western foods like sandwiches or salads. But many Chinese dishes are also light and healthy. For example, chicken with vegetables or shrimp (虾) with rice are good choices. Light meals are easy to cook, taste nice, and help people stay healthy. You don’t need to change your eating habits too much. Eating fruits every day and drinking enough water are also important. Why not try walking after meals or playing sports with friends? These are also good habits in life and they can make you feel better. Are you ready to try light meals? What’s your favorite healthy food? Light Meals and Healthy Living What are light meals? ◆Light meals have less sugar and fat but more fiber and protein. ◆People cook light meals by steaming or boiling to keep the 1 taste. Examples of light meals ◆Western: sandwiches; salads ◆Chinese: chicken with 2 ; shrimp with rice Why are they good? ◆Light meals help people 3 and each meal has only 200 to 500 calories. ◆They are easy to cook, taste nice. Other healthy habits Besides (除了) light meals, 4 can make you feel better. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文超过3个词。 Have you heard of one of the New York Times best-selling books NUDGE? So what does nudge mean? Sometimes it’s a physical push. A person might nudge a friend to make him move out of the way, or a parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. At other times, it’s a mental push—for example, a boss might nudge workers to work faster by reminding them that a deadline (截止日期) is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics (特点). First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others. Second, design nudges don’t say clearly what the best choice is. They just suggest it in an indirect way. What can nudges help with? Take students as an example. They love eating junk food at lunch. Studies show that most people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. So schools can nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end. Giving food nicer names can also change student choices. “Cool summer salad” will probably be more popular than just “salad”. However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests. From public transport stops and libraries to gyms and home kitchens, design nudges are all around us because they are useful. A growing number of people are now using nudges on themselves to help deal with problems and make better choices. The passage introduces a word from the book NUDGE. A nudge is 1 . In design, nudges have two characteristics: making one choice more attractive and 2 With these characteristics, 3 . However, some nudges only benefit businesses instead of users. Due to their usefulness, 4 , with more and more people turning nudges into tools for self-help. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全总词数不超过30 词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 We often hear a parent shout, “Tidy your room.” A study shows that a tidy living space is really important for our happiness. However, sometimes a bit of mess might mean someone is creative. So, is it OK to have a messy bedroom? This question has become a hot topic online these days. Yes—it’s not a big deal It is important for kids to have their own space. This way, they can do what they like. When parents let kids keep their rooms as they want, they are helping kids get ready for their later life. Also, cleaning up rooms is a waste of time. There are more important things to do, like studies and hobbies. Anyway, the room will probably get messy again soon. No—mess causes bad feelings A study shows that in a messy room, you can’t focus on things like homework. A tidy room helps you think clearly. What’s more, some dangers may happen in a messy room—you can fall down or knock (碰撞)  something down and break it. A tidy room gives you more space to move around. In my opinion, if you don’t live with others, you can live as you want. But keeping your space clean and tidy is an important life skill. If your room is messy, it’s not fair (公平的)  to other family members because it’s part of their home too, and we should respect that. Is it OK to have a messy bedroom? People have 1 about it. Some people think kids should have their own space so that 2 . Also, kids shouldn’t waste time in cleaning up their rooms. Instead, they can do more important things. Others think a messy room stops you from focusing on things and 3 . The writer thinks it’s OK to be messy if you live alone, but 4 when living with others. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，不能连续抄原文三个词以上，四个空共计字数不超过30词。 I am always excited about travelling to new places. Exploring different cities feels like opening a box of surprises. I can always find something new and beautiful during the trip. When I heard we were going on a holiday, I couldn’t wait to start our adventure (冒险). I had a three-day holiday last month, so I took a plane to my favourite city—Shanghai with my parents. On the first day, we went to Zhujiajiao Ancient Town like most visitors to Shanghai. We took a boat trip there. When we arrived at Fangsheng Bridge (Setting-fish-free Bridge), we saw many people setting fish free by the water. Someone told us that was a traditional (传统的) activity in the town. People did this because they wanted to be lucky. On the second day, we had great fun exploring Dongtai Road Antique Market together, where I easily found the four great classical novels (四大名著) I always wanted to buy. What a lucky find! We really enjoyed the fantastic trip. Another trip to Shanghai would be wonderful when we’re free. 根据语篇与任务要求，在空格处填上适当的短语或句子。 Report (报告) My parents and I took a plane to Shanghai and stayed there 1 last month. We went to Zhujiajiao Ancient Town first. People wanted to have 2 by setting fish free by the water. I always 3 buying four great classical novels of China. To my surprise, I found them easily in Dongtai Road Antique Market on the second day. On the last day, we continued to explore the city. We had such a great time on this trip that 4 . 阅读语篇，用自己的语言概括并补全概要中所缺信息。在空白处填入一个恰当的词块或句子。 Chongqing is famous as a mountain city. Because of its special geography, you can find steps (台阶) and ladders (梯子) everywhere. They are called “Tikan” in Chinese. These steps are not just roads; they are a part of the city’s life and soul. In the past, Tikan were the main streets for people who lived on the hills. They connected communities. Every morning, people walked down the Tikan to go to work or buy food at markets alongside the steps. Children ran up and down for fun. Neighbors often met and chatted on these steps. So, Tikan were the center of social life. However, with the fast development of the city, many elevators (电梯) and modern roads have taken the place of (取代) some old Tikan. It becomes more convenient for people, especially the old. But at the same time, some traditional lifestyles are fading away. Fewer people use the Tikan now, and the lively scenes of the past are becoming memories. Still, many citizens and visitors think these steps are precious. They are a living record of the city’s history. Some old Tikan areas become popular tourist spots now. People go there to experience the old Chongqing, take photos, and enjoy the unique view from the top. The Tikan tell us a simple truth: while we welcome the modern life, we should also protect Tikan. They are a symbol of our history and culture left by our ancestors. 请根据短文内容，完成下面的表格(每空不超过3个词)。 Chongqing is famous as a mountain city, especially its Tikan. They are not just roads; they are a part of the city’s 1 . In the past, Tikan were the main streets for people lived on the hills. People walked down Tikan for work. Children ran up and down for fun. Neighbors stood on the steps and chatted. So, Tikan were the center of social life. Now few people use them 2 many elevators (电梯) and modern roads have taken the place of some old Tikan. However many people think Tikan record the city’s history. More and more people go there to visit them. Some Tikan areas become 3 . Although we live a modern life, we should protect Tikan because they stand for our 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Listen, the ocean is calling for our help. Can you hear that? Many changes are happening in the ocean, and they all come from human (人类) activities. One serious problem is the growing number of jellyfish (水母). They love warm water. And the number of them is increasing (增加) because the weather is becoming warm. Sometimes they gather in large groups and eat fish, which causes seals (海豹) to have less food. This shows that all things in nature depend on (依赖) each other, and what we do has an influence on all living things. Another worrying change is happening to coral reefs (珊瑚礁). Many sea animals need clean and warm water to survive (存活). But when the water gets too hot or dirty, the coral reefs turn white and die. As a result, the colorful underwater world is becoming pale and lifeless. The ocean is also becoming dirtier than before. People throw too much waste into the water. The waste is often seen as food by sea animals. Among them, turtles (海龟) are especially in danger because they sometimes eat plastic (塑料) bags, thinking, they’re jellyfish—their favorite food. This mistake can kill them. But there’s good news—everyone can help! Here are some simple ways to protect the ocean. For example, we can pick up rubbish near the ocean. At the same time, don’t throw rubbish into the ocean, especially plastic bottles. What’s more, we can use reusable shopping bags instead of plastic ones. Most importantly, never buy the gifts made from sea animals or their homes. Friends, let’s work together to save the ocean and ourselves. Only in this way can we look forward to hearing the beautiful sounds of it Dear Robert, Recently I read a passage about environmental protection. It discusses the problems about 1 that are caused by human activities and how to save the ocean and ourselves. The passage describes three dangers. First, there are more and more jellyfish because of 2 . Second, the ocean is getting polluted (被污染的). Third, sea animals may eat waste as their food. Luckily, there are some ways to protect the ocean. We can pick up rubbish! Also, we can use reusable shopping bags. The most important action is that 3 . In a word, the writer reminds us that it’s everyone’s duty to do so. That is to say, saving the ocean is not just about protecting fish and coral reefs — 4 . Yours, Peter Young sci-fi fans’ ideas about future technology Recently, a Youth Science Fiction Alliance (青少年科幻联盟) has appeared in China. It brings together clubs from about 20 schools across the country. The starter, Ouyang Ziyi, was an 11th-grade student at Shenzhen Middle School. He was so interested in science fiction that he even wrote his own novel Qidian when he was in grade 8. “I was really inspired (启发) by Liu Cixin’s works,” Ouyang said. “I wanted to write about a future world and an energy crisis (能源危机).” His work was published (出版) later and won prizes. In September, he used his own contribution fee (稿酬) from Qidian to set up the alliance. The first thing the group did was to start the science fiction magazine Star Field. They chose 25 out of 1,000 works for their first issue (期). “I was really surprised by the imagination (想象力) of my peers (同龄人)!” Ouyang said. That same month, a grade 8 student from Shenzhen, Xu Weixuan, also published his sci-fi novel Flying to the Moon. “The big, exciting science and the real, touching details in the story come from the author’s careful research,” Ouyang told Shenzhen Special Zone Daily. “I have always believed that science fiction thinks ahead of its time and can even guide technological development. That’s why we young fans may one day become a driving force (驱动力) in technology,” Ouyang said. The 1 has caught people’s attention because it connects sci-fi clubs from about 20 schools across China. Ouyang Ziyi, the starter who showed 2 science fiction created the novel Qidian when he was in 8th grade. The novel was published and won prizes. Later, he used the money to set up the alliance for young fans. The alliance first created the sci-fi magazine Star Field. Ouyang was very surprised to 3 . That same month, Xu Weixuan, an 8th-grader from Shenzhen, also published his own novel. Ouyang said it mixes exciting sci-fi with 4 . He thinks science fiction can lead the times and guide the development of technology. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文，连续超过3个词。 If you’re feeling hungry, what’s the easiest way to fill your stomach? More and more people will reach for a takeaway (外卖食物) menu and order some delicious but possibly unhealthy food. Because of busy lives, many people choose takeaway food over cooking by themselves. And new technology allows us to get what we want easily. For example, takeaway delivery (递送) apps make ordering food quick and easy. They are more popular with people who stay at home but can’t prepare a meal for themselves. It’s reported that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day. A survey by BBC shows that many English people eat fast food twice a week. However, we order a large pizza or a box of noodles at the cost of our health. We may put on weight if we eat too much unhealthy fast food. Also it may increase (增加) the risk of having illnesses. It’s true that cutting salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier. But why not find an easy cookbook, buy healthy ingredients (食材) like fresh vegetables, chicken or fish and cook them at home? It’s not hard, and you’ll know exactly what’s in your food! It’s a much better choice for your health. Summary When feeling hungry, many people choose takeaway food. That’s because 1 and new technology makes ordering takeaway food quick and easy. However, 2 . We may become 3 if we eat too much unhealthy fast food. So it’s better for us to 4 . That is fun and much healthier. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $