Unit 2 Helping others at school(易错题专项练习·语法提升)英语译林版三起四年级下册(新教材)
Unit 2 Helping others at school
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
there be的一般疑问句用法及其回答
there be 句型的一般疑问句“某地是否有某物?
1. Is there + 可数名词单数/不可数名词 + 地点/时间状语?如:
肯定回答:Yes, there is. 否定回答:No, there isn’t.
Is there a pen in the pencil case? 笔袋里有一支钢笔吗?
Is there some orange juice in the glass?玻璃杯里有一些橘子汁吗?
2. Are there + 可数名词复数 + 地点/时间状语?如:
肯定回答:Yes, there are. 否定回答:No, there aren’t.
There are a lot of books in the bookcase. 书架上有许多书。
1. there be句型 与 have的区分
there be句型:强调在某个地点或时间“存在”某人或某物,不强调所属关系。
There was a pen on the desk.(桌子上有一支钢笔。),重点说明桌子上存在一支钢笔这个事实。
have:表示“拥有”,强调所属关系,即某人或某物归某人所有,主语通常是“人或物”。
I have a new book.(我有一本新书。),表明新书是“我”所拥有的。
2.there be句型的“就近原则”
There be 句型遵循“就近一致”原则,即当 There be 后出现多个名词时,be 动词需和距离它最近
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的名词在单复数上保持一致 。
There is a book and two pens on the desk (“a book” 是单数,be 动词用 is )
There are two pens and a book on the desk .(“two pens” 是复数,be 动词用 are)
单项选择。
( )1.______ there ______ mountains in the park?
A.Are; some B.Is; any C.Are; any
( )2.—______a river in the park?
—Yes , there is.
A.Is there B.Are there C.Are they
( )3.—Is there a forest near your house?
—Yes, ________.
A.it is B.there isn’t C.there is
( )4.—_______ there any hamburgers in your lunch box, Tim?
—No, but there _______ some meat and bananas in it.
A.Is; is B.Is; are C.Are; is
( )5.—______ there any rivers in the city?
—Yes, there ______.
A.Is; isn’t B.Are; aren’t C.Are; are
( )6.—________ any lakes in your village?
—Yes, there are two.
A.How many B.Is there C.Are there
点拨 选择题答案及解析 1. 答案:C解析:mountains是可数复数,be动词用Are;疑问句中some变any。 2. 答案:A解析:答语用“there is”,问句be动词对应用Is,结构为Is there。 3. 答案:C解析:there be一般疑问句的肯定答语为“Yes, there is/are”,问句用is,答语对应there is。 4. 答案:C解析:hamburgers是复数,be动词用Are;there be遵循“就近原则”,meat是不可数名词,be动词用is。 |
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5. 答案:C解析:rivers是复数,be动词用Are;肯定答语对应are。 6. 答案:C解析:答语用“there are”,问句be动词对应用Are,结构为Are there。 |
系动词的用法
在英语中,系动词(Linking Verbs)用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常见的系动词可分为以下几类:
1. be动词
最核心的是 be动词(am, is, are, was, were, been, being),表示主语的状态或存在:
He is a teacher.(他是一名教师。)
2.感官动词
表示感官感受,常见的有:
look(看起来):She looks tired.(她看起来很累。)
sound(听起来):The music sounds nice.(这音乐听起来不错。)
smell(闻起来):The flowers smell sweet.(这些花闻起来很香。)
taste(尝起来):The soup tastes delicious.(这汤尝起来很美味。)
feel(摸起来/感觉):The fabric feels soft.(这布料摸起来很软。)
3. 其它系动词
become(变成):He became a doctor.(他成了一名医生。)
get(变得):It's getting cold.(天气变冷了。)
turn(转变为):The leaves turn yellow in autumn.(秋天树叶变黄。)
stay(维持):The weather stayed fine.(天气一直很好。)
keep(保持):Keep calm!(保持冷静!)
普通的动词一般是由“副词”来修饰;
The lion cries sadly. 狮子伤心地哭。
The boy plays football happily with his friends. 男孩开心地和他的朋友们踢足球。
但是“系动词”后面一般接“形容词”,而不是副词
Sam looks sad, because he lost his kites.
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