2026年中考英语二轮复习语法专项突破课件：专题六介词

专题六　介词 学前自测 选词填空 behind　for　on　without　in　with　through　across　under　 against 1. —Shall I help you the street，Grandpa？ —No，thanks. I can manage it myself. 2. Father brought his little boy to a concert. But he was too young to sit the whole concert. across　 through　 3. It’s so cold outside. Remember to close the door you when you leave. 4. Wild animals are our friends. We shouldn’t kill them food or clothing. 5. Did you read your favorite books April 23？It was World Book Day. 6. All roads lead to Rome. The roads are just your feet. 7. —Who is the space scientist from Beijing？ —The man white over there. He’s of medium height. behind　 for　 on　 under　 in 8. Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class Three. 9. People in the world should build a community a shared future. 10. Remember nothing can be learned hard work. against　 with　 without 思维·考点突破 启思维·破考点 　　介词是一类虚词， 不能独立作句子成分， 必须与名词、代词等 词类一起构成介词短语， 才可以充当句子成分。 时间介词 介词 用法 例词/句 in 用于上午、下午、晚上或 年、月、季节、世纪等之前 in the morning 在上午 in 2024 在2024年 in March在3月 “in＋时间段”表示“在……之后”， 常以现在为起点， 用于一般将来时 There will be more cars in ten years. 十年后将会有更多的小 汽车。 介词 用法 例词/句 on 后接具体的节日、日期、 星期几或某一天的上午、 下午或晚上， 或用于有形 容词修饰的某一天等 on September 10th　在9月10日 on the morning of May 1st　在5 月1日上午 on a rainy morning　在一个下雨 的早上 at 表示某一具体的时刻或短 暂的时间点 at six o’clock在6点钟 at noon在中午 at midnight在半夜 by 后接时间时， 表示“不迟 于”（相当于 no later than...） by then 到那时 by 10：00 p.m. 不迟于晚上 10 点钟 介词 用法 例词/句 before 表示“在……之前”， 指 动作发生在过去或将来某 一时刻之前， 常用于过去 完成时和一般将来时， 后 面一般接时间点 I’ll get to Australia before 12： 00. 我将于 12 点之前到达澳大 利亚。 after 表示“在……之后”， 常 用于一般将来时和一般过 去时 After two years， she entered Peking University. 两年后， 她 考入了北京大学。 介词 用法 例词/句 for 后接一段时间， 常用于完 成时态 She has worked here for five years. 她在这儿工作五年了。 since 表示“自从……”， 后接 （过去的）时间点， 常用 于完成时态 I have stayed in China since 1995. 自从1995年以来， 我一 直待在中国。 介词 用法 例词/句 from 表示“从……（时间或地 点）起”， 常与to或till连 用 My father goes to work from Monday to Friday. 从星期一到 星期五， 我父亲都要去上班。 during 表示“在……期间” I enjoyed myself during the summer vacation. 我在暑假期间 玩得很高兴。 until 表示“直到……为止”， 常用于not... until... 表示 “直到……才……” I won’t leave until 9：00 a.m. 直到上午9点， 我才会离开。 in， on和at 年月周前要用in， 具体日子要用on； 上午下午要用in， 某日上下午in换on； at用在时刻前， 亦与正午、午夜连； 黎明终止和开端， at与之紧相伴； 今明昨天前后天， 上下这那每之前， at， in， on都不填， 此乃习惯记心间。 选词填空 from　after　until　during　since　in　on　at （2025·四川成都中考改编）Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong February 19th， 2025. 2. For many Western people， they drink cold water even winter. 3. With the teachers’ help， we have greatly improved ourselves we entered junior high schools three years ago. on　 in　 since　 4. I didn’t leave home 5 o’clock. 5. the beginning of the book， there’s a short introduction to the author. 6. We usually take a vacation July to August. 7. He fell asleep the movie. 8. Tuesday comes Monday. until　 At　 from　 during　 after　 方位介词 介词 用法 例词/句 in 在……里面 in the village 在村子里 在较大的地方（国家、城市等） in China在中国 in Beijing在北京 在某地区（包含关系）的某一方位 China is in the east of Asia. 中国在 亚洲东部。 介词 用法 例词/句 on 在（与某地接壤的）某一方位 Sichuan is on the north of Yunnan. 四 川在云南的北边。（接壤） （表示方向）在 on the left/right在左/右边 在……上面（两者有接触面） on the desk在书桌上 介词 用法 例词/句 to 向，朝，到，往 go to Shanghai去上海 在（某地范围之外的某个 方位，不接壤） Japan is to the east of China. 日本在 中国东部。 at 在……（与小地点连用） at No. 15， Jianguo Street在建国街 15号 在……旁边 at the table在桌子旁边 under 在……（正）下面 The basketball is under my desk. 篮 球在我的书桌下面。 介词 用法 例词/句 below 在……下面 Please don’t write below this line. 请不要在这条线下面书写。 behind 在……后面 Tina stood behind me. 蒂娜站在我身后。 outside 在……外面 You can play sports outside the house. 你可以在房子外边进行体育运动。 inside 在……里面 We have to play inside the house because of the rain. 因为下雨， 我们不得不在屋内玩。 介词 用法 例词/句 in front of 在……的前面（指在物体外部的前面） The teacher is standing in front of the students. 老师正站在同学们的前面。 in the front of 在……的前面（指在某一空间内的前面） The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom. 老师正站在教室的前面。 above 在……上方（不一定是正上方） There are some lights above my head. 我的头上方有一些灯。 介词 用法 例词/句 over 在……正上方 There is a bridge over the river. 河上 有座桥。 侧重越过一段距离或度过一段时间等 The Great Wall winds its way from west to east， across the deserts， over the mountains， through the valleys， till at last it reaches the sea. 长城从西向东蜿蜒而行， 穿过沙 漠， 越过高山， 穿过山谷， 最后 直达大海。 across “横穿”， 强调从物体表面的一边穿越到另一边 through 指从某个立体空间内穿过 介词 用法 例词/句 between 指介于两者之间；后接三 者或三者以上的人或事物 时， 指每两者之间， 常 与and连用 The boy is sitting between his parents. 这个男孩坐在他父母中间。 among “在……中”，用于三者或三者以上的中间， 通常表示某个范围 The girl walks among the crowds. 这个女孩走在人群中。 介词 用法 例词/句 beside 在……旁边 The station is beside our school. 车站在我 们学校旁边。 near 在……附近（距 离稍远些） There is a supermarket near my house. 我 家附近有一个超市。 against 倚着， 靠着 against the wall靠在墙边 介词 用法 例词/句 opposite 在……的对面 The bank is opposite the supermarket. 银行 在超市的正对面。 beyond 在……更远的一 边；超出； 非……所能及 The road continues beyond the village up into the hills. 那条路经过村子后又往上延 伸到群山中。 选词填空 between　on　in　opposite　among　above 1. （2025·江苏扬州中考改编）The best things life are free， like hugs， smiles， love and good memories. 2. He lifted his hands his head. 3. the right of the supermarket is a big city park. 4. The store is the bank. 5. The little girl is standing her father and mother. in　 above　 On　 opposite　 between　 用适当的介词填空 7. There is a stone bridge the river， and it has stood for 100 years. 8. Let’s meet the school gate at 3：00 this afternoon. 9. Our classroom is next the library. 10. We set up a tent the river side and enjoyed the sound of flowing water all night. over　 at　 to　 by　 6. Tim is a sports star and he is popular his classmates. among　 方式介词 介词 用法 例词/句 in 表示“用”某种方式 （语言、语调、笔 墨、颜色等） Can you sing this song in Chinese？你 能用中文唱这首歌吗？ in this/that way这样/那样 with 表示“用”某种工 具、手段， 一般接 具体的工具或手段 I write with a pen. 我用钢笔写字。 介词 用法 例词/句 by 后接交通工具， 表示 “乘， 骑” by plane/air乘飞机 by boat乘船 I go there by bus. 我坐公共汽车去 那儿。 后接动词的-ing形式， 表 示“通过……方式” She makes a living by selling clothes. 她以卖衣服为生。 介词 用法 例词/句 on 意为“通过， 用”， 表示做事的 方式 on foot步行 on the phone打电话 on TV在电视上 through 意为“以， 凭借” You can only achieve success through hard work. 你只有通过努力才能成 功。 by， in， on表交通 介词用来表交通， 常把by、in、on来用； 限定复数用in/on， by直通海陆空； 骑马、骑车惯用on， 小轿车前in才通。 选词填空 through　with　as　in　by 1. I prefer to learn English watching movies. 2. My mother cut the cake a knife and gave me a big piece. 3. They talked a low voice in order not to wake up the baby. 4. 5 months’ hard work， we finally succeeded. 5. My cousin works a teacher in a middle school. by　 with　 in　 Through　 as　 其他介词 介词 用法 例词/句 about 关于；对于 What is your excuse about your being late？ 你迟到的理由是什么？ like 像（用于说明相 似关系， 实际上 不是） He talked to me like my father. 他像父亲一 样跟我谈话。（他不是我父亲） look like...看起来像…… 介词 用法 例词/句 as 作为……（后跟表示职业、职务等的名词） He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我说话。（他是我父亲） without 没有 He left without saying a word. 他什么也没说就离开了。 within 在……之内 You should receive a reply within seven days. 你应该在七天之内收到答复。 介词 用法 例词/句 for 为了（表示目的） I came here for my bag. 我来这儿取包。 of ……的 This is a photo of my family. 这是一 张我的全家福。 including 包括 There are ten students， including you. 包括你， 有10个学生。 with 和……一起；具有，带有；随着 I went shopping with Tina. 我和蒂娜 去购物了。 介词 用法 例词/句 against 反对；违背； 碰， 撞；逆； 以……为背景， 衬托 They are strongly against the idea. 他们强 烈反对这个主意。 against one’s will违背某人的意愿 against the wind逆风 against the sky在天空的映衬下 except 除……之外（不 包括所提及的人 或物） Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Bob， because he was ill. 除了鲍 勃， 大家都去故宫博物院了， 因为他生 病了。（Bob没有去） 介词 用法 例词/句 besides 除……之外 （还）（包括所 提及的人或物） Besides Bob， everyone went to the Palace Museum. 除了鲍勃， 大家也去故 宫博物院了。（Bob去了） to 向， 给， 对 He gave it to his sister. 他把它给了他的 妹妹。 选词填空 without　including　besides　oflike　against　except 1. The T-shirts made cotton are quite comfortable. 2. It’s impolite to come in other people’s room knocking at the door. 3. I felt a little tired while waiting there， so I stood the wall to have a rest. 4. We learn math and English Chinese. of　 without　 against　 besides　 5. Everyone agrees to the plan John because he thinks it’s not easy to carry out. 6. He has visited 6 European countries， Italy and Germany. 7. The boy is jumping in the tree a monkey. except　 including　 like　 介词短语 1. 介词与名词的常用搭配 类型 示例 in＋名词 in English用英语　in surprise惊奇地 in danger处于危险中　in public公开 in bed在床上　in order有序的 at＋名词 at night在夜晚　at present目前 at school在学校　at noon在中午 at work在工作 on＋名词 on show在展出　on duty值日，值班 on vacation在度假　on fire着火 类型 示例 of＋名词 of importance重要　of value有价值 under＋名词 under control在控制中 to＋名词 to one’s surprise令某人惊奇的是 by＋名词 by hand手工　by bike骑自行车 with＋名词 with pleasure愉快地 out of＋名词 out of sight看不见 out of danger脱离危险 名词＋介词 the answer to... ……的答案 the key to... ……的钥匙 2. 介词与动词的常用搭配 类型 示例 动词＋in fill in填写　hand in上交 动词＋on put on穿上　get on上车 动词＋at laugh at嘲笑　shout at冲……大叫 look at看　knock at敲…… 动词＋to listen to听　get to到达 write to写信给…… 类型 示例 动词＋of hear of听说　think of认为 动词＋for look for寻找　ask for询问 leave for 前往 动词＋off get off下车　put off推迟 动词＋about talk about谈论　worry about担忧 类型 示例 动词＋from learn from向……学习 hear from收到……的来信 动词＋with talk with和……谈话　deal with处理 动词＋after look after照顾 3. 介词与形容词的常用搭配 类型 示例 形容词＋in be interested in对……感兴趣 be poor in缺乏…… 形容词＋at be good at对……擅长 形容词＋of be afraid of对……害怕 be full of充满…… be proud of对……感到骄傲 类型 示例 形容词＋to be similar to与……相似 be close to与……接近 形容词＋from be different from与……不同 be free from免于…… 形容词＋about be worried about对……担心 形容词＋with be strict with对……严格 be busy with忙于…… 形容词＋for be famous for因……而著名 be good for对……有好处 用适当的介词填空 1. （2025·福建中考改编）Sue looked at her son surprise.She couldn’t believe that he won the game. 2. Parents’ behavior can have a great influence their children’s character. 3. Many wild animals are danger and it’s time for us to do whatever we can to protect them. in　 on　 in　 4. There are a lot of ways to keep healthy. example， we can do more exercise and eat less junk food. 5. I took your umbrella mistake this morning. I’m sorry about that. 6. My teacher is pleased my test results and praised me for it. 7. —Good news！ You’ve passed the P. E. test. —Hooray！To be honest， I was worried it. For　 by　 with　 about　 8. Please pay attention the safety instructions before we start the experiment. 9. My parents always take pride my achievements， no matter how small they are. 10. The letters “PRC” stand the People’s Republic of China. to in　 for　 诊断·语法过关 悟好题·过语法 一、用适当的介词填空 1. （2025·江苏扬州中考改编）He wouldn’t allow bad moods to get the way when he was doing his job. 2. I am talented music， while my best friend is good ⁠ painting. 3. Your dream job is similar mine， but different ⁠ Larry’s. 4. He sometimes lied to us. a result， no one would believe him. in　 in　 at　 to　 from　 As　 5. — my opinion， there must be life on other planets though none has been discovered. —I agree you.The universe is so large after all. In　 with　 6. —Excuse me.Could you tell me the way the bookstore？ —Go this street and turn left at the first crossing. to　 down/along　 二、完成句子 1. 她亲自去北京领奖了。 She went to Beijing to receive the award . 2. 你应该自己完成这项作业。 You should finish the homework . 3. 多亏了我们的英语老师，我们班所有的学生在考试中都取得了 好成绩。 our English teacher， all the students in our class got good grades in the exam. in　 person　 by　 yourself　 Thanks　 to　 4. 除了鞋子有点脏，她的穿着很体面。 Her outfit is decent the dirty shoes. 5. 医生告诉我不要吃甜食，因为我牙疼。 The doctor told me to sweets because I had a toothache. 6. 当我们下高铁的时候，经常听见“注意脚下”。 We often hear “Mind your step.” when we a high- speed train. except　 for　 give　 up　 get　 off　 三、语篇填空（介词专项练） A （2025·内蒙古中考改编） of　from　about　at　withamong　over　as　in　for Joss Naylor is a sheep farmer from the Lake District.1. ⁠ most people， his name means little， but in certain circles， he is known as one of the finest mountain runners to have ever lived. Among　 Joss lives and breathes mountains.He has lived and farmed all his life in an area of the Lake District which has many mountains， including the tallest mountain 2. England.Joss has an almost superhuman ability to run at speed 3. mountains.However， he wasn’t always a mountain runner.4. a young man， he was advised to give up farming because of serious back problems.But， when he was 24， he was tired 5. being told to take it easy. in over As　 of　 Nothing can stop a good man 6. being better！ He continued working and took up running.When he ran his first mountain race， he discovered that he fell in love 7. it.All his time spent herding（放牧） sheep on the mountains had prepared him for this. His achievements are nothing short of famous.8. example， he broke his own record and set a new one.9. the age of 49， he ran up 214 mountains.“It is a wonderful experience though the practice is very hard，” he said.Many of his runs have raised money for charity， and he is popular in the community. He keeps writing and sharing his experiences 10. his climb.“I want people back home—especially family and friends who support me—to get a real feel for what it’s like，” he said. from　 with　 For　 At　 about　 B （2025·四川眉山中考改编） Pink Lily We are planning to add some food servers to our team.Pink Lily is a 5-star Restaurant.We are looking 11. friendly and energetic people to join us！ Requirements 　　1. Team spirit is needed. 　　2. No experience is OK. We will provide you 12. training. for　 with　 　　3. Part-time positions are open to teens 13. 16 and 18 years old. Salary $50—$80 a day How to apply We will take applications online at www.pinklily.com 14. June 15 to June 30， 2025. We look forward 15. meeting you soon！ between　 from　 to $