内容正文:
外研版三起五年级寒假自学课
Module 2 语法易错+巩固练习
语法易错01
语法点拨
1.一般过去时(不规则动词表过去动作)
(1)核心用法:表示过去发生的动作,重点掌握高频不规则动词(learn→learnt、teach→taught、write→wrote、dance→danced、study→studied)。
(2)句式结构:
肯定句:主语 + 不规则动词过去式 + 其他.
否定句:主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他.
疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
(3) 例句:-Did your grandpa learn English?(你爷爷学过英语吗?)
-No, he didn't. But he's learning now.(没有,但他现在正在学。)
She wrote a book about her life last year.(她去年写了一本关于自己生活的书。)
知识演练
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Lingling's grandma ______(be)a dancer many years ago. She ______(dance)in many cities and ______(learn)English.
2.-______ Mr Li ______(teach)Maths twenty years ago?
-No, he ______(teach)Chinese. He ______(be)a good teacher.
3.Chen Hai ______(study)very hard when he was a pupil. Now he ______(teach)English.
4.My mother ______(write)a letter to her friend yesterday. She ______(not use)a mobile phone.
5. -______ your sister ______(learn)to cook last weekend?
-Yes, she did. She ______(cook)noodles for us.
语法易错02
语法点拨
2.现在进行时(表示正在进行的动作)
(1)教材原句:He's learning English now!(他现在正在学英语!)
Chen Hai is teaching Mr Li.(陈海正在教李老师。)
(2)句式结构:肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing + 其他.
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词 - ing + 其他.
疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他?
(3)用法:用于描述说话时正在进行的动作,常搭配 now、look、listen 等提示词;动词 - ing 变化遵循 “直接加 - ing”“去 e 加 - ing”“双写尾字母加 - ing” 规则。
(4)例句:-What is your father doing?(你爸爸正在做什么?)
-He is learning to use a computer.(他正在学用电脑。)
They aren't watching TV. They are reading books.(他们没在看电视,正在看书。)
知识演练
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.Look! Lingling's grandpa ______(learn)English. He ______(read)an English book now.
2.-______ Chen Hai ______(teach)Mr Li Chinese?
-No, he ______(teach)him English.
3.My sister ______(not dance)now. She ______(cook)in the kitchen.
4.Listen! The children ______(sing)an English song. They ______(learn)it in class today.
5.-What ______ you ______(do)at the moment?
-I ______(write)a story about my grandma.
语法易错03
语法点拨
3.一般现在时 vs 一般过去时(现在与过去的动作对比)
(1)教材原句:Twenty years ago, Mr Li was a teacher. Now he doesn't work.(二十年前,李老师是一名教师。现在他不工作了。)
(2)核心用法:通过两种时态对比,体现人物身份、动作或状态的变化;一般过去时描述过去的情况,一般现在时描述现在的常态。
(3)对比结构:过去:主语 + 动词过去式 /was/were + 其他.
现在:主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 /be 动词现在式 + 其他.
(4)例句:She danced in many cities many years ago. Now she doesn't dance. She likes reading.(许多年前她在很多城市跳舞,现在她不跳了,喜欢看书。)
知识演练
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.Five years ago, Tom ______(walk)to school. Now he ______(go)to school by bus.
2.Mr Li ______(teach)Chinese twenty years ago. Now he ______(not work). He ______(learn)English.
3.My mother ______(be)a nurse when she was young. Now she ______(be)a doctor. She ______(help)many people.
4.They ______(not have)a computer at home last year. Now they ______(have)two. They ______(use)them to study.
5.Lingling's grandma ______(learn)English many years ago. Now she ______(speak)English very well. She ______(teach)Lingling sometimes.
重难点特训
一、单项选择
1.Did she ______ any foreign languages? ( )
A.learning B.learn C.learned
2.—Did your brother learn any foreign language? ( )
—______
A.Yes, she did. B.No, he didn’t. C.No, she didn’t.
3.—Did she study English yesterday? ( )
—Yes, ______.
A.she did B.she didn’t C.she will
4.Mr Li _____ a worker many years ago. ( )
A.was B.is C.were
5.John is learning ______ a horse now. ( )
A.ride B.rides C.to ride
6.He can ______three languages. ( )
A.say B.talk C.speak
7.Three years ago, Amy ______ very hard at school. ( )
A.study B.studies C.studied
8.My brother _____ fly a kite yesterday. ( )
A.didn’t B.doesn’t C.haven’t
9._____ your sister _____ her homework last night? ( )
A.Does; do B.Did; do C.Is; doing
10.My mother learnt to _____ last year. ( )
A.dance B.dances C.dancing
二、情景选择
1.当你问别人这是你父亲吗,你应该说:( )
A.Is this your father? B.Who are they? C.What did he do?
2.“演员们讲了许多笑话。”应这样表达:( )
A.The actors told a lot jokes. B.The actors told lots of jokes.
3.你想告诉同学你去年10岁,你会说:( )
A.I was ten years old. B.I’m ten years old.
4.你想告诉朋友,你爸爸以前是一名英语老师,应该说:______ ( )
A.My father was a Chinese teacher. B.My father was an English teacher.
5.你想告诉朋友你爷爷以前是司机,可以说:_________. ( )
A.My grandpa was a driver. B.My grandpa is a driver.
三、填空题
(A)选择适当的介词填空。
at in through ago by
1.We go to school bus.
2.The wind is passing .
3.He likes working school.
4.Six years , Li Wei was a pupil.
5.Chen Hai was his class.
(B)根据图示选择合适的单词或短语填空。
walked driver doing his homework by bus dancer watched TV
1.She was a ten years ago. Now she is a .
2.Last year he to school. Now he goes to school .
3.Yesterday he . Now he is .
四、句型转换
1.The students talk about experiences in the classroom. (对划线部分提问)
do the students talk about experiences?
2.She learned to swim at six. (改为一般疑问句)
she to swim at six?
3.This is an old photo. (改为复数句)
old photos.
4.Her trip was wonderful. (对划线部分提问)
her trip ?
5.It’s time to talk about experiences. (改为同义句)
It’s time about experiences.
五、补全对话。
Jane: Wow, you have some nice photos. 1
Mike: She is my grandma.
Jane: Did she work in a school?
Mike: No, she worked in a hospital. 2
Jane: 3
Mike: No, she is my aunt.
Jane: Was she a doctor too?
Mike: 4
Jane: Great. Where did she dance?
Mike: She danced in many cities. 5
Jane: Wow, you learnt to dance.
A.Is that woman your mother?
B.No, she was a dancer.
C.Who’s the young woman in the photo?
D.And she taught me to dance last year.
E.She was a doctor.
六、阅读短文,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
This is my brother. His name is Li Jun. He was a very good player. He took part in big matches. He won matches many times. Now he is a PE teacher. He teaches students how to skate.
1.Li Jun was a good player. ( )
2.Li Jun didn’t win any matches. ( )
3.Li Jun is a Music teacher. ( )
4.Li Jun teaches students how to skate. ( )
参考答案与解析
语法易错题答案01
1. was;danced;learnt
解析:“many years ago” 提示过去,主语 grandma 用 was;dance 的过去式为 danced,learn 的不规则过去式为 learnt。
2. Did;teach;taught;was
解析:“twenty years ago” 提示过去,一般疑问句用 Did 开头,后接动词原形 teach;teach 的不规则过去式为 taught;主语 he 用 was。
3. studied;teaches
解析:“when he was a pupil” 提示过去,study 的过去式为 studied;第二空 “now” 提示现在,主语 he 是三单,用 teaches。
4. wrote;didn't use
解析:“yesterday” 提示过去,write 的不规则过去式为 wrote;否定句用 didn't + 动词原形 use。
5. Did;learn;cooked
解析:“last weekend” 提示过去,一般疑问句用 Did 开头,后接动词原形 learn;cook 的过去式为 cooked。
语法易错题答案02
1. is learning;is reading
解析:Look! 和 now 提示动作正在进行,主语 grandpa 是单数,用 is + learn 的 - ing 形式 learning;第二空用 is + read 的 - ing 形式 reading。
2. Is;teaching;is teaching
解析:主语 Chen Hai 是单数,一般疑问句用 Is 开头,后接 teach 的 - ing 形式 teaching;答语用 is teaching 保持时态一致。
3. isn't dancing;is cooking
解析:now 提示现在进行时,否定句用 isn't + dance 的 - ing 形式 dancing;第二空用 is + cook 的 - ing 形式 cooking。
4. are singing;learned
解析:Listen! 提示正在唱歌,主语 children 是复数,用 are + sing 的 - ing 形式 singing;第二空 “今天在课堂上学的” 用过去式 learned。
5. are;doing;am writing
解析:at the moment 提示现在进行时,主语 you 用 are + do 的 - ing 形式 doing;主语 I 用 am + write 的 - ing 形式 writing。
语法易错题答案03
1. walked;goes
解析:“Five years ago” 提示过去,用 walked;“now” 提示现在,主语 Tom 是三单,用 goes。
2. taught;doesn't work;is learning
解析:“twenty years ago” 提示过去,teach 的过去式为 taught;现在否定句用 doesn't work;“正在学英语” 用现在进行时 is learning。
3.was;is;helps
解析:“when she was young” 提示过去,用 was;现在用 is;主语 she 是三单,用 helps。
3. didn't have;have;use
解析:“last year” 提示过去,否定句用 didn't have;现在用 have;主语 they 用 use。
4. learnt;speaks;teaches
解析:“many years ago” 提示过去,learn 的过去式为 learnt;现在主语 grandma 是三单,用 speaks 和 teaches。
重难点特训
一、1.B
【详解】句意:她学过任何外语吗?本题考查一般过去时疑问句的动词形式。助动词Did后需接动词原形,因此空格处应填learn。故选B。
2.B
【详解】句意:你哥哥/弟弟学外语了吗?本题考查一般疑问句的答语。did引导的一般疑问句,主语是your brother,肯定回答是Yes, he did. 否定回答是No, he didn’t. 故选B。
3.A
【详解】句意:—她昨天学英语了吗?—是的。本题考查一般疑问句的答语。did引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答是Yes, 主语+did. 故选A。
4.A
【详解】句意:李先生多年前是一名工人。本题考查be动词,根据many years ago可知时态为一般过去时,排除B,主语Mr Li是第三人称单数,be动词用was,排除C,故选A。
5.C
【详解】句意:约翰现在正在学骑马。本题考查动词的形式。learn to do sth学做某事,故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:他会讲三种语言。本题考查动词辨析。A说,后跟说的内容;B说话,表示动作;C讲,后跟语言。故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:三年前,艾米在学校学习很努力。本题考查动词的形式。根据时间可知句子是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式studied,故选C。
8.A
【详解】句意:我妈妈昨天没放风筝。本题考查助动词。yesterday昨天,是一般过去时的标志词,fly是动词原形,助动词用didn’t,故选A.
9.B
【详解】句意:你妹妹昨晚做作业了吗?本题考查助动词和动词的形式。last night昨晚,是一般过去时的标志词,助动词用did,后面的动词用原形do,故选B。
10.A
【详解】句意:我妈妈去年学跳舞了。本题考查动词的形式。A是动词原形,B是动词的第三人称单数,C是动词的ing形式,learnt to do sth学做某事,故选A。
二、1.A
【详解】A这是你爸爸吗?B他们是谁?C他做什么了?根据题目要求可知A选项符合,故选A。
2.B
【详解】选项A语法错误a lot of +名词,缺少of,B演员们讲了许多笑话。选项B符合题干语境,故选B。
3.A
【详解】A我当时十岁。B我十岁。本题考查情景交际,题干想说去年10岁,句子应是一般过去时,故选A。
4.B
【详解】本题考查情景交际。A我的爸爸是一名语文老师。B我的爸爸是一名英语老师。题目是想告诉朋友,爸爸以前是一名英语老师,B符合题意,故选B。
5.A
【详解】A我爷爷是一名司机。B我爷爷是一名司机。本题考查情景交际,题干说爷爷以前是司机,句子是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式was,故选A。
三、(A)1.by 2.through 3.at 4.ago 5.in
【解析】1.句意:我们坐公共汽车去上学。by bus坐公共汽车,固定搭配,故答案为by。
2.句意:风吹过。pass through穿过,动词短语,故答案为through。
3.句意:他喜欢在学校里工作。at school在学校,故答案为at。
4.句意:六年前,李伟是一名小学生。...years ago……几年前,故答案为ago。
5.句意:陈海在他的班上。in在……里,符合句意,故答案为in。
(B)1.dancer driver 2.walked by bus 3.watched TV doing his homework
【解析】1.句意:十年前她是一名舞蹈演员。现在她是一名司机。根据图片可知十年前是舞蹈演员,现在是司机,dancer舞蹈演员,driver司机,故答案为dancer,driver。
2.句意:去年他步行去学校。现在他坐公共汽车去上学。根据图片可知去年步行,今年坐公共汽车,walked步行,by bus坐公共汽车,故答案为walked,by bus。
3.句意:昨天他看电视了。现在他在做作业。根据图片可知昨天看电视,今天做作业,watched TV看电视,doing his homework做作业,故答案为watched TV,doing his homework。
三、1.Where
【详解】原句句意:学生们在教室里谈论实验。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是地点,用where提问,故答案为Where。
2.Did learn
【详解】原句句意:她六岁时学会了游泳。本题考查句型转换。原句是一般过去时,改为一般疑问句,助动词用did,learned变原形learn,故答案为Did,learn。
3.These are
【详解】原句句意:这是一张古老的照片。本题考查句型转换。题干要求改为复数句,this改为these,句子开头首字母大写,is变为are。故答案为These,are。
4.How was like
【详解】原句句意:她的旅行很精彩。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是一般过去时。划线部分是旅游的体验,对其提问用how…like怎么样,be动词不变,故答案为How,was,like。
5.for talking
【详解】原句句意:是时候谈谈经历了。本题考查同义句转换。It’s time to do sth./It’s time for sth.该做某事了。for后的动词用动名词形式,talk的动名词是talking,故答案为for,talking。
四、1.C 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.D
【导语】本文讨论了家人和职业。
1.下句说:她是我的奶奶。可知这句问是谁,选项C“照片中的那个年轻女人是谁?”符合语境,故选C。
2.上文说在医院工作,选项E“她是一名医生。”符合语境,故选E。
3.下句说:不,她是我的姑姑。可知这句是一般疑问句,选项A“那个女人是你的妈妈吗?”符合语境,故选A。
4.上句问:她也是一名医生吗?可知这句用yes或no回答,选项B“不,她是一名舞蹈演员。”符合语境,故选B。
5.结合上下文,选项D“她去年教我跳舞了。”符合语境,故选D。
五、1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T
【导语】本文介绍了李军的以前和现在。
1.句意:李军是个好运动员。根据“He was a very good player.”,可知题干与短文相符,故答案为T。
2.句意:李军没有赢得任何比赛。根据“He won matches many times.”,可知他多次赢得比赛,故答案为F。
3.句意:李军是一位音乐老师。根据“Now he is a PE teacher.”,可知李军是一位体育老师,故答案为F。
4.句意:李军教学生滑冰。根据“He teaches students how to skate.”,可知题干与短文相符,故答案为T。
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