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牛津上海版试用本四年级寒假自学课
Unit 2 语法易错+巩固练习
语法易错01
语法点拨
1.特殊疑问句(Whose 询问物品归属)
(1)教材原句:Whose knife is this? It's Danny's.(这是谁的小刀?是丹尼的。)Whose pencils are these? They're Peter's.(这些是谁的铅笔?是彼得的。)
(2)句式结构:单数物品:Whose + 单数名词 + is this/that? → It's + 名词所有格.
复数物品:Whose + 复数名词 + are these/those? → They're + 名词所有格.
(3)用法:Whose 用于询问物品的归属,后接名词;回答需用名词所有格(如 Danny's、Peter's)明确归属人,单复数需与问句一致。
(4)例句:-Whose pencil case is that?(那是谁的铅笔盒?)-It's Jill's.(是吉尔的。);
-Whose books are those?(那些是谁的书?)-They're Miss Fang's.(是方老师的。)
知识演练
一、根据答语补全问句。
1.-______ ______ is this?-It's Kitty's ball.
2.-______ ______ are these?-They're Peter's pencils.
3.-______ ______ is that?-It's Danny's knife.
4. -______ ______ are those?-They're Miss Fang's books.
5.-______ ______ is this?-It's Jill's soft pencil case.
语法易错02
语法点拨
2. 感官形容词
(1)教材原句:It's very sharp.(它很锋利。)They're blunt.(它们很钝。)The sand is very soft.(沙子很软。)
(2)常用触感形容词:hard(硬的)、soft(软的)、rough(粗糙的)、smooth(光滑的)、sharp(锋利的)、blunt(钝的)、thick(厚的)、thin(薄的)。
(3)句式结构:
单数物品:It's + 触感形容词(+ and + 形容词).
复数物品:They're + 触感形容词(+ and + 形容词).
(4)用法:用于描述物品通过触摸感受到的特征,形容词可单独使用或用 and 连接两个并列特征。
(5)例句:The elephant is big and hard.(大象又大又硬。);The toy bear is soft and smooth.(玩具熊又软又光滑。)
知识演练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The knife is ______(sharp). Be careful!
2.The sand on the beach is ______(soft). It's comfortable to walk on.
3.These books are ______(thick). Those are ______(thin).
4.The table is ______(hard)and ______(smooth).
5.The stone is ______(rough). The glass is ______(smooth).
语法易错03
语法点拨
3. 情态动词 can/cannot
(1)教材原句:Can I take off my shoes?(我可以脱掉鞋子吗?)They cannot see it.(他们看不见它。)
(2)句式结构:
礼貌请求:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?→ Yes, 主语 + can. / No, 主语 + can't.
表达能力:主语 + can/cannot(can't)+ 动词原形 + 其他.
(3)用法:can 表示 “可以、能够”,can't 表示 “不可以、不能”,后接动词原形;礼貌请求常用于征求许可,表达能力常用于说明感官或动作能力。
(4)例句:-Can you touch the elephant?(你能摸到大象吗?)
-Yes, I can.(是的,我能。);
The blind brothers can't see the elephant.(盲人兄弟看不见大象。)
知识演练
一、用 can/can't 填空,补全句子或对话。
1.-______ I touch the key?-Yes, you ______. It's hard.
2.The blind brothers ______ see the elephant, but they ______ touch it.
3.The knife is sharp. You ______ play with it. It's dangerous.
4.-______ you feel the difference between the two pencils?-Yes. One is thick and the other is thin.
5.The sand is soft. We ______ walk on it without shoes.
重难点特训
一、单项选择题。
1.Those _______ are Mr Wang's. ( )
A.keys B.key C.keies
2.These pencils are not blunt. They are _______. ( )
A.sharp B.thin C.new
3.—Whose _______ are those? ( )
—_______ his friend’s.
A.balloons; they’re B.balloon; It’s C.balloons; They’re
4.—_____ books are those? ( )
—They are Miss Fang's.
A.Whose B.Which C.Who's
5.—I'm hungry, Mum. ( )
—______ some biscuits, please.
A.Has B.Have C.Drink
6.—______ that woman? ( )
—She's Mrs. White.
A.Whose B.Who's C.What's
7.There ______ a rubber and two pencils on the desk. ( )
A.is B.are C.am
8.—How many cats ______ this old woman got? ( )
—Three.
A.have B.are there C.has
9.—______ are those brushes? ( )
—They are in the bag.
A.Where B.What colour C.Whose football
10.This is ________ bedroom. It’s big and nice. ( )
A.Tim and Tom B.Tom and Tim’s C.Tom’s and Tim’s
二、填空题
(A)根据提示完成句子
1.-Whose key is it? -I don’t know. Let’s take it to the office.
2.We can touch and feel our hands.
3.These pencils aren’t sharp. They are .
4.-Can you swim, Peter? -Of I can.
5.It’s so hot. I want to t off my coat.
(B)用所给词的适当形式填空
1.It's five o'clock. You can (play) football in the playground.
2. (smell) the melon, please.
3.Our father (not like) smoking.
4.—How you (feel)?
—I'm hungry.
5.— (who) pencils are those? —They're Eddie's pencils.
三、句型转换
1.How does the desk feel? (回答问题)
2.I can see her ball. (划线部分提问)
3.These are my new books. (划线部分提问)
4.That is my mother’s key. (划线部分提问)
5.That key is my mother’s. (对划线部分提问)
四、补全对话
A: Alice, put your hand in the bag. Touch one thing. How does it 1 ?
B: It's big and 2 . It's smooth and 3 .
A: What is it?
B: It's a ball.
A: Yes, you're right. 4 ball is it?
B: It's Kitty's.
五、阅读判断
There are four brothers under the tree. They're all blind. Here comes a man on an elephant, but they can't see it. The brothers all touch the elephant. One says, "The elephant is smooth and hard." Another brother says, "The elephant is big and thick." "The elephant is big and soft." But the last brother says, "The elephant is long and thin." Are they right?
1.There are four blind brothers in this story. ( )
2.They can see an elephant over there. ( )
3.The elephant is smooth and hard. ( )
4.The elephant is big and thick. ( )
5.The elephant's nose is long. ( )
参考答案与解析
语法易错题答案01
1. Whose ball
解析:答语是单数物品(ball)的归属,问句用 Whose + 单数名词(ball)+ is this。
2. Whose pencils
解析:答语是复数物品(pencils)的归属,问句用 Whose + 复数名词(pencils)+ are these。
3. Whose knife
解析:答语是单数物品(knife)的归属,问句用 Whose + 单数名词(knife)+ is that。
4. Whose books
解析:答语是复数物品(books)的归属,问句用 Whose + 复数名词(books)+ are those。
5. Whose pencil case
解析:答语是单数物品(pencil case)的归属,问句用 Whose + 单数名词(pencil case)+ is this,形容词 soft 修饰名词不影响句式。
语法易错题答案02
1. sharp
解析:小刀的特征是 “锋利的”,用 sharp 符合语境。
2. soft
解析:沙滩上的沙子触感 “软的”,用 soft 贴合实际体验。
3. thick;thin
解析:前后对比描述书本 “厚” 与 “薄”,分别用 thick 和 thin。
4. hard;smooth
解析:桌子的触感通常是 “硬的” 且 “光滑的”,用 and 连接两个形容词。
5. rough;smooth
解析:石头触感 “粗糙的”,玻璃触感 “光滑的”,形成对比。
语法易错题答案03
1. Can;can
解析:礼貌请求 “能否触摸钥匙”,用 Can 开头,肯定回应用 can。
2. can't;can
解析:盲人兄弟 “不能” 看见大象,但 “能” 触摸它,符合故事语境。
3. can't
解析:锋利的小刀 “不能” 玩耍,用 can't 表示禁止。
4. Can
解析:询问 “能否感受到两支铅笔的区别”,用 Can 开头,后接动词原形 feel。
5. can
解析:沙子柔软,“可以” 光脚在上面走,用 can 表示许可。
重难点特训
一、1.A
【详解】句意:那些钥匙是王先生的。A钥匙,名词复数。B钥匙,名词单数。C书写错误。Those加名词复数,A选项符合题意,故选A。
2.A
【详解】句意:这些铅笔不钝。它们很_______。A锋利的,B瘦的,C新的,根据题意,不钝的话就是锋利的,故选A。
3.C
【详解】句意:—那些是谁的______?—______他的朋友的。balloon气球,可数名词,复数形式为balloons;It’s它是,They’re它们是,第一空:根据are可知此处要用复数形式balloons;第二空:用are those来提问,回答时要用they’re,根据英语的书写习惯可知此处首字母要大写,故选C。
4.A
【详解】句意:—那些是_____书?—它们是方小姐的。Whose谁的,Which哪一个,Who's谁是,句中有系动词are,排除C,根据答语中的名词所有格,可知问句是Whose引导的特殊疑问句,故选A。
5.B
【详解】句意:—妈妈,我饿了。—______一吃些饼干吧。A吃,动词的第三人称单数。B吃,动词原形。C喝,动词原形。答语为祈使句,以动词原形开头,排除A选项。吃饼干用have,故选B。
6.B
【详解】句意:—那个女人_____?—她是怀特夫人。A谁的,B是谁,C是什么,根据答语可知问句询问是谁,故B选项符合,故选B。
7.A
【详解】句意:桌子上有一块橡皮和两支铅笔。该句是there be句型,要体现临近原则,临近主语a rubber是单数第三人称,故be动词用is,故选A。
8.C
【详解】句意:—这位老妇人有几只猫?—三只。根据got,可知该题考查have got有,主语this old woman是第三人称单数,have用第三人称单数has,故选C。
9.A
【详解】句意:—那些刷子是_____?—它们在包里。A在哪里,B什么颜色,C谁的足球。根据答语,可知问句询问物品位置,用where提问。故选A。
10.B
【详解】句意:这是________卧室。它又大又漂亮。选项A蒂姆和汤姆,选项B汤姆和蒂姆的(共同的),选项C汤姆和蒂姆的(分别各自的)。根据语境可知:卧室是汤姆和蒂姆共同所有的.当表示共同所有时,要在第二个人名后加“'s”。故选B。
二、(A)1.lost-property
【详解】句意:—这是谁的钥匙?—我不知道。让我们把它带到失物招领处。本题考查名词词组,根据句意可知考查名词词组lost-property office,意思是失物招领处,故答案为lost-property。
2.with
【详解】句意:我们可以________手去触摸和感受。本题考查介词辨析,根据句意可知,该空填with用,故答案为with。
3.blunt
【详解】句意:这些铅笔不尖。它们是________。本题考查形容词的用法,sharp是形容词,意思是尖的,根据句意可知该空填其反义词blunt,意思是钝的,故答案为blunt。
4.course
【详解】句意:—彼得,你会游泳吗?—我当然会。本题考查其他固定搭配。根据句意及横线前的Of,可知该空考查固定搭配,of course当然,故答案为course。
5.take
【详解】句意:天太热了。我想脱掉我的外套。本题考查动词短语,根据句意可知,天气很热,想要脱掉外套,脱掉take off,动词短语,故答案为take。
(B)1.play
【详解】句意:五点了。你(们)可以在操场上踢足球。情态动词can加动词原形,该空应填动词原形play。故答案为play。
2.Smell
【详解】句意:请闻闻这个芒果。smell闻,该句是祈使句,动词原形开头,故答案为Smell。
3.doesn’t like
【详解】句意:我们的爸爸不喜欢吸烟。根据句意及所给提示可知该句是否定句,主语Our father是单数第三人称,故需加助动词doesn't,like用原形,故答案为doesn't like。
4.do feel
【详解】句意:—你感觉怎么样?—我饿了。问句询问感觉,是How引导的特殊疑问句,句子结构为:How+助动词+主语+动词原形?句子为一般现在时态,主语you是第二人称,助动词用do,feel是动词原形。故答案为do;feel。
5.Whose
【详解】句意:—那些是谁的铅笔?—他们是艾德的铅笔。who谁,该空做pencils的定语,故用whose谁的,故答案为Whose。
三、1.It’s very hard.(答案不唯一)
【详解】原句句意:这张桌子感觉怎么样?本题考查how引导特殊疑问句答语,答案不唯一,可以说:它非常硬。它it,是is,非常very,硬的hard。故答案为It’s very hard.(答案不唯一)
2.Whose ball can you see?
【详解】原句句意:我能看见她的球。本题考查句型转换。对划线部分进行提问,句子变成特殊疑问句,结构为:疑问词+一般疑问句?划线部分her她的,是形容词性物主代词,用疑问词“whose谁的”提问,后接被修饰词ball,I变成you,变一般疑问句时,将情态动词can提到主语you之前,句子首字母大写,句意为:你能看到谁的球?故答案为Whose ball can you see?
3.Whose new books are these?
【详解】原句句意:这些新书是我的。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是my我的,用whose提问,句型结构为Whose+形容词+名词+谓语+主语?故答案为Whose new books are these?
4.Whose key is that?
【详解】句意:那个是我妈妈的钥匙。本题考查句型转换。对划线部分提问用疑问词Whose,谁的钥匙Whose key,后跟is引导的一般疑问句,故答案为Whose key is that?
5.Whose key is that?
【详解】句意:那个钥匙是我妈妈的。本题考查句型转换。对划线部分提问用疑问词Whose,其结构为:Whose+名词+系动词+主语?名词是key钥匙,系动词是is,主语是that那个。故答案为Whose key is that?
四、1.feel 2.hard 3.round 4.Whose
【导语】本文是两人的对话。是有关两人在玩摸东西猜物品名称的游戏。
1.句意:它_____如何?根据上一句摸一个东西,可知该空填feel感觉符合,故答案为feel。
2.句意:它又大又______。根据句子It's a ball.它是一个球。及句意可知该空填hard硬的,故答案为hard。
3.句意:它又光滑又_____。根据句子It's a ball.它是一个球。及句意可知该空填round圆的,故答案为round。
4.句意:它是_____球?根据答语它是基地的。及句意可知该空填whose谁的符合,故答案为Whose。
五、1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.T
【导语】本文讲述了四个盲人分别摸大象,以及他们摸到的大象的模样。
1.句意:这个故事里有四个盲人兄弟。根据There are four brothers under the tree. They're all blind. 树下有四个兄弟。他们都是盲人。可知题干与原文内容相符,故答案为T。
2.句意:他们可以看到那边有一头大象。根据Here comes a man on an elephant, but they can't see it. 来了一个骑着大象的人,但他们看不见。可知题干与原文内容不相符,故答案为F。
3.句意:大象又光滑又坚硬。根据The elephant is smooth and hard. 大象又光滑又坚硬。可知题干与原文相符,故答案为T。
4.句意:大象又大又粗。根据The elephant is big and thick. 大象又大又粗。可知题干与原文相符,故答案为T。
5.句意:大象的鼻子很长。根据The elephant is long and thin. 对象又长又瘦。推测这个人摸到的是大象的长鼻子。题干与原文内容相符,故答案为T。
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