Unit 4 History and Traditions重点单词，词性转换，短语，句型，语法练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第二册

Unit 4 History and Traditions 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习 重点单词变形 1．____________n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→____________ adj.令人困惑的→____________ adj.感到困惑的 2．____________ n．防御；保卫→____________ v．防御；保卫→____________ adj.防御的；保护的 3．____________ adj.法律的；合法的→____________ adj.不合法的 4．____________ vt.围绕；包围→____________ adj.周围的→____________ n．周围的环境 5．____________ n．证据；证明→____________ adj.明显的 6．____________ n．成就；成绩；达到→____________ vt.达到；实现 7．____________ n．地方；地点；位置→____________ vt.位于；找……的位置 8．____________ adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→____________ v．使……入迷，迷住→____________ adj.着迷的 9．____________ vt.宣布；通知；声称→____________ n．宣布；通知→____________ n．广播员；解说员 10．____________ n．诗人→____________ n．诗歌→____________ n．诗歌(总称) 11．____________ adj.引人注目的；显著的→____________ vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工 12．____________ n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→____________ adj.拥挤的 一、单句语法填空 1．The crowd on the square suddenly turned (violence). 2．I can’t accompany you to the cinema. I have an important meeting (attend). 3．To be honest, I sometimes feel (puzzle) about my future career. 4．It has now become (evidence) to us that they have found the missing boys. 5．He led me through the (crowd) shop and to a bench with a large box on it. 6．Large (amount) of money were spent on the magnificent building. 7．A large amount of research (confirm) this finding. 8．There’s a (fascinate) drive marked out for tourists. 9．Large amounts of honey and butter (be) used to make this kind of snack. 10．The teacher had him (stand) for a long time to punish him. 11．Before closing, I want to mention all those who contributed so (generous). 12．With the increase of urban population, the (surround) villages have been absorbed into the growing city. 13．Then we plan to visit our relatives to give them our (greet). 14．Please remember to keep the door (lock) when you leave the office. 15．He was (eagerness) to communicate his ideas to the group. 16．Language is a gift (belong) to humans. 17．Some teachers even ask little children to read Romance of the Three (kingdom). 18．He was typically modest about his (achieve). 19．Real friendship is when two (individual) share the same soul. 20．It’s a new convenient way to send (greet) and wishes. 21．Modern computers can organize large (amount) of data very quickly. 22．She doesn’t play as (good) as her sister. 23．The (transit) from youth to adulthood can be a painful process. 24．I’m sending your favorite red rose (feast) your eyes. 25．Women have superior (sense) abilities compared to men. 二、单词拼写 26．Her cheerful character made her the most popular girl in the (郡，县). 27．The Prime Minister, (陪同) by the governor, led the President up to the house. 28．They have a top 10 reading list and try to keep it (更新). 29．But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such training because of our (个人的) work and activities. 30．Gibbons has been (指控) with theft. 31．How long has the (电池) not been changed? 32．The sound of the (发动机) kept me from calming down. 33．Carl and his friends stayed with a (慷慨的) Chinese family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 34．The (地点，位置) of the company is close to the port on the eastern coast. 35．The (风景) in the country is fantastic although there are sometimes floods. 36． (方法；途径) to dealing with the problem were discovered, but needed testing. 37．She is a (后代；后裔) of a rich family that once held great power in this region. 38．It is officially (宣布) that the train ticket prices will remain unchanged during the coming May Day. 39．Physics was then a branch of natural (哲学). 40．I found it (极有吸引力的) to visit countless historical sites. 三、完成句子 41．Our teacher told us that we should reading to improve our reading skills and knowledge every day. 我们的老师告诉我们应该坚持每天阅读，以提高我们的阅读能力和知识水平。 42．他将所有精力都集中在决赛上，日夜不停地训练。 With all his energy the final match, he trained day and night. 43．由两个医生、六个护士组成的医疗队明天将动身去非洲。 The medical team two doctors and six nurses will leave for Africa tomorrow. 44．Luciano Pavarotti, Plácido Domingo and José Carreras, is known as one of the world’s greatest tenors. 卢西亚诺・帕瓦罗蒂，和普拉西多・多明戈、何塞・卡雷拉斯一样，被誉为世界上最伟大的男高音之一。 45．她决定摆脱他以前的风格，在她的艺术中尝试一些新的东西。 She decided to break away his former style and try something new in her art. 46．他们在英格兰各地建造了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。 They had castles all around England, and made changes to the system. 47．Down by the sea, the of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds the music of the coast . 海边波浪咆哮，海鸟鸣叫，奏响了海岸交响乐。 48．我说不好法语，但我能使别人听懂我的话。 I don’t speak French well, but I can . 49．旨在提高学生学习英语的兴趣和拓宽他们的视野的这个项目，在我们学生中广受欢迎。 (分词短语作定语) The program, , is widely popular among us students. 50．They are displayed . 它们在当地博物馆中展出。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Moving through the remains of a centuries-old watchtower, a four-legged robot is checking the “health” of the Great Wall. 51 (equip) with advanced devices, such as smart sensors, high-definition cameras, and lidar (激光雷达), the robot can 52 (precise) identify cracks and missing bricks, and report them to relevant departments in real time. “It can replace humans to perform dangerous and hard inspections, 53 (improve) the efficiency and quality of the Great Wall protection,” says Liu Liang, head of a research team. The use of the sharp-eyed robot reflects China’s ongoing efforts 54 (enhance) protection through high-end technologies. Additionally, professionals are introducing innovative “treatments” to preserve the cultural heritage site, one of 55 is a biological conservation method developed by Liu’s team. Rain damage has been a constant threat to the 56 (stable) of rammed earth (夯土) walls. However, experts found that certain walls were remarkably 57 (resist) to water damage. A special type of algae (藻类) growing on the earth surface turned out to be the real guardian against rain damage. Recently, the team has cultivated the organism and applied the effective, eco-friendly method 58 the surface of the rammed earth walls. These technologies not just strengthen the Great Wall’s physical structures, 59 serve as a bridge connecting people to the Wall’s cultural heritage and raising public awareness of its protection. The educational institutions are doing just that. For example, special courses integrating the use of AI tools, such as DeepSeek, with knowledge on the Great Wall, 60 (develop) for children, according to Dong Yaohui, head of the research institute of the Great Wall at Hebei GEO University. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the Guandi Temple in the city of Yuncheng, north China’s Shanxi Province, cypresses (柏树) and Chinese scholar trees have stood and lived for 61 (century). From March to July this year, experts gave more than 20 of them a fresh round of care, by 62 (clean) tree holes, checking for pests (害虫) and filling decayed spots with eco-friendly materials, all in efforts 63 (help) these trees stand firm in the face of the test of time. Because 64 age, pests and extreme weather, some ancient trees at the temple have shown signs of decline. “Protecting these precious ‘living cultural relics’ relies on scientific care and professional 65 (protect),” said Guo Bo, deputy head of the temple’s cultural heritage conservation office. Guo showed that the temple and two nearby heritage sites host 159 ancient and notable trees and 66 oldest of them has stood for about 1,800 years. To protect these trees, local caretakers 67 (register) and labeled each tree so far, applying tailored protective measures such as strengthening of trunks and the fertilizing of roots. These efforts reflect a broader campaign across China to better protect ancient and notable trees. Ancient trees are the trees 68 are over 100 years old, and notable trees are those 69 (especial) with historical, cultural or ecological importance. A 70 (nation) survey conducted between 2015 and 2021 identified (确认) 5.08 million ancient and notable trees in China. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 History and Traditions 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习 重点单词变形 1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的 2．defence n．防御；保卫→defend v．防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的 3．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的 4．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．周围的环境 5．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的 6．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现 7．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.位于；找……的位置 8．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v．使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的 9．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣布；通知→announcer n．广播员；解说员 10．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌→poetry n．诗歌(总称) 11．striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工 12．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 一、单句语法填空 1．The crowd on the square suddenly turned (violence). 【答案】violent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：广场上的人群突然变得暴力起来。根据空前系动词“turned”可知，此处需用形容词作表语，描述主语“The crowd”的状态。violence是名词，意为“暴力”，其形容词形式是violent，意为“暴力的；猛烈的”。故填violent。 2．I can’t accompany you to the cinema. I have an important meeting (attend). 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不能陪你去看电影了。我有一个重要的会议要参加。“have sth. to do”是固定结构，意为“有某事要做”，其中不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词“sth.”，表示将要做的事情。在本句中，“an important meeting”是“have”的宾语，attend用不定式形式to attend作后置定语，表示“有一个重要的会议要参加”。故填to attend。 3．To be honest, I sometimes feel (puzzle) about my future career. 【答案】puzzled 【详解】考查形容词。句意：说实话，我有时对自己未来的职业感到困惑。空格处作系动词feel的表语，需用形容词形式。puzzle的形容词有puzzled，意为“感到困惑的”，修饰人。本句主语是I，描述人的感受，故填puzzled。 4．It has now become (evidence) to us that they have found the missing boys. 【答案】evident 【详解】考查形容词。句意：现在我们已经清楚地知道他们已经找到了失踪的男孩们。设空处使用evidence的形容词evident作表语。故填evident。 5．He led me through the (crowd) shop and to a bench with a large box on it. 【答案】crowded 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他带我穿过拥挤的商店，来到一张长凳前，长凳上放着一个大盒子。此处修饰名词“shop”，应用形容词形式，所给词“crowd”是名词，意为“人群”，其形容词形式是“crowded”，意为“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 6．Large (amount) of money were spent on the magnificent building. 【答案】amounts 【详解】考查名词。句意：大量的钱被花在这座宏伟的建筑上。空处作主语，结合were可知，应用amount的复数形式amounts，短语large amounts of意为“大量的”，修饰不可数名词money。故填amounts。 7．A large amount of research (confirm) this finding. 【答案】confirms 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：大量研究证实了这一发现。空格处需要填入动词形式作谓语，根据句意，句子描述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；句子主语为A large amount of research。故填confirms。 8．There’s a (fascinate) drive marked out for tourists. 【答案】fascinating 【详解】考查形容词。句意：为游客设计了一条很有吸引力的驾驶路线。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词drive；fascinate是动词，意为“使着迷；吸引”，其形容词形式有fascinating和fascinated，fascinating通常用来修饰物，表示“有吸引力的；迷人的”，fascinated通常用来修饰人，表示“着迷的；被深深吸引的”。本句中修饰的是“drive(驾驶路线)”，是物，所以应用fascinating。故填fascinating。 9．Large amounts of honey and butter (be) used to make this kind of snack. 【答案】are 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：制作这种零食要用大量的蜂蜜和黄油。large amounts of+不可数名词/ 可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，且句子描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，故填are。 10．The teacher had him (stand) for a long time to punish him. 【答案】standing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师让他站了很长时间来惩罚他。根据“for a long time”可知使用“have sb. doing sth.”，意为“让某人一直做某事”，强调动作的持续进行。在本句中，him是have的宾语，stand用现在分词形式standing作宾语补足语，表示“让他一直站着”。故填standing。 11．Before closing, I want to mention all those who contributed so (generous). 【答案】generously 【详解】考查副词。句意：在结束之前，我要提名表扬所有慷慨解囊的人。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词“contributed”；generous是形容词“慷慨的；大方的”，其副词形式是generously，意为“慷慨地；大方地”。故填generously。 12．With the increase of urban population, the (surround) villages have been absorbed into the growing city. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着城市人口的增加，周围的村庄已被并入不断扩张的城市。空格处修饰名词villages，需用形容词形式。surround的形容词形式是surrounding，意为“周围的，周边的”，故填surrounding。 13．Then we plan to visit our relatives to give them our (greet). 【答案】greetings 【详解】考查名词。句意：然后我们计划去拜访亲戚并向他们致以我们的问候。our为所有格形容词，后需接名词， greet是动词原形，意为“问候”，此处需要一个名词形式，greet的名词形式是greeting，在表达“问候”时，英语习惯用复数形式 greetings，固定短语give one's greetings。故填greetings。 14．Please remember to keep the door (lock) when you leave the office. 【答案】locked 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你离开办公室时，请记得锁好门。本句谓语为remember，此处为非谓语动词，且the door与lock“锁”为被动关系，用过去分词locked，作宾语补足语。故填locked。 15．He was (eagerness) to communicate his ideas to the group. 【答案】eager 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他急于向小组表达自己的想法。空处用于was之后，作句子表语，应使用形容词形式eager，be eager to do sth.是固定短语，意为“急于做某事”。故填eager。 16．Language is a gift (belong) to humans. 【答案】belonging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：语言是人类所拥有的一种天赋。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，gift与belong为主动关系，再由语境可知，此空需用现在分词作后置定语。故填belonging。 17．Some teachers even ask little children to read Romance of the Three (kingdom). 【答案】Kingdoms 【详解】考查名词。句意：有些老师甚至让小孩子读《三国演义》。空前由Three修饰，名词应使用复数形式，Romance of the Three Kingdoms是专有名词，单词首字母要大写。故填Kingdoms。 18．He was typically modest about his (achieve). 【答案】achievements 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对自己的成就总是很谦虚。设空处为宾语，应用名词achievement，可数名词，表泛指，应用复数，故填achievements。 19．Real friendship is when two (individual) share the same soul. 【答案】individuals 【详解】考查名词。句意：真正的友谊是两个人有相同的灵魂。设空处为从句的主语，应用名词individual，前面有two修饰，应用复数形式，故填individuals。 20．It’s a new convenient way to send (greet) and wishes. 【答案】greetings 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这是一种发送问候和祝福的新的便捷方式。空处与wishes并列，应使用名词形式greeting，常用复数形式greetings表示“问候”，在句中作send的宾语。故填greetings。 21．Modern computers can organize large (amount) of data very quickly. 【答案】amounts 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：现代计算机能够非常迅速地组织大量的数据。amount表示“数量”，常与of连用，修饰不可数名词，large amounts of表示“大量的”，修饰不可数名词data。故填amounts。 22．She doesn’t play as (good) as her sister. 【答案】well 【详解】考查副词。句意：她打得不如她姐姐好。as...as...为固定短语，意为“和……一样……”，两个as中间用形容词或副词的原级，空处修饰动词play，需用副词，所给词good是形容词，其对应的副词形式是well。故填well。 23．The (transit) from youth to adulthood can be a painful process. 【答案】transition 【详解】考查名词。句意：从青年到成年的过渡可能是一个痛苦的过程。空处作主语，提示词的名词形式transition“过渡”符合题意，此处特指“从青年到成年”的这一过渡，应用单数形式。故填transition。 24．I’m sending your favorite red rose (feast) your eyes. 【答案】to feast 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我送你最喜欢的红玫瑰让你赏心悦目。send sth. to do sth.表示“送某物去做某事”，所以空处应使用动词不定式to feast作目的状语。故填to feast。 25．Women have superior (sense) abilities compared to men. 【答案】sensory 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与男性相比，女性具有更优越的感官能力。根据空后名词abilities可知，空处需填形容词，作定语，修饰名词abilities，所给词sense是名词，意为“感觉”，其对应的形容词形式是sensory，意为“感官的，感觉的”。故填sensory。 二、单词拼写 26．Her cheerful character made her the most popular girl in the (郡，县). 【答案】county 【详解】考查名词。句意：她开朗的性格让她成为了这个郡（县）里最受欢迎的女孩。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“郡，县”应用county，为可数名词；空前有定冠词the修饰，表特指某个郡（县），需用单数形式，符合语境。故填county。 27．The Prime Minister, (陪同) by the governor, led the President up to the house. 【答案】accompanied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：首相在总督的陪同下，把总统领进了房子。动词“陪同”英文为accompany，与The Prime Minister之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填accompanied。 28．They have a top 10 reading list and try to keep it (更新). 【答案】updated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们有一个十大阅读清单，并努力保持其更新。根据汉语提示可知，表示“更新”应用动词update；此处为“keep + 宾语 + 宾补”的复合结构，update与宾语it（指reading list）之间为被动关系，所以应用其过去分词形式作宾补。故填updated。 29．But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such training because of our (个人的) work and activities. 【答案】individual 【详解】考查形容词。句意：但由于我们各自的工作和活动，并非所有人都有机会接受这样的培训。根据汉语提示“个人的”及空后的名词“work and activities”可知，此处应填形容词individual作定语。故填individual。 30．Gibbons has been (指控) with theft. 【答案】charged 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：Gibbons被指控偷窃。“指控”使用动词charge，和主语Gibbons是被动关系，前面有has been，所以是现在完成时的被动语态结构，动词用过去分词形式。故填charged。 31．How long has the (电池) not been changed? 【答案】battery 【详解】考查名词。句意：这块电池多久没换了？the后接名词作主语，battery 意为“电池”，结合语境，这里指某一块电池，用单数形式。故填battery。 32．The sound of the (发动机) kept me from calming down. 【答案】engine 【详解】考查名词。句意：发动机的声音让我无法平静下来。“发动机”在句中作宾语，用名词engine，结合定冠词the以及语境，这里特指一个发动机的声音，用单数形式。故填engine。 33．Carl and his friends stayed with a (慷慨的) Chinese family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 【答案】generous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的中国家庭里，这个家庭给他们自制的涂有黄油和蜂蜜的面包。根据汉语提示“慷慨的”以及下文的名词family可知，空处应填形容词作定语，结合语意可知，应用generous。故填generous。 34．The (地点，位置) of the company is close to the port on the eastern coast. 【答案】location 【详解】考查名词。句意：公司的位置靠近东海岸的港口。“地点，位置”为“location”，作主语。故填location。 35．The (风景) in the country is fantastic although there are sometimes floods. 【答案】scenery 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个国家的景色很美，尽管有时会发洪水。根据汉语提示“风景”可知，空格处应该用名词scenery作主语。故填scenery。 36． (方法；途径) to dealing with the problem were discovered, but needed testing. 【答案】Approaches 【详解】考查名词。句意：解决这个问题的方法已经找到了，但还需要测试。由谓语“were discovered”可知，空处应用名词复数，作主语；approach表示“方法；途径”，为可数名词，approach to doing sth表示“做某事的方法”，符合句意；句首字母大写。故填Approaches。 37．She is a (后代；后裔) of a rich family that once held great power in this region. 【答案】descendant 【详解】考查名词。句意：她是一个曾经在这个地区拥有巨大权力的富裕家庭的后裔。根据汉语提示“后代；后裔”可知，空格处涉及单词“descendant”，意为“后代；后裔”，为可数名词，不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数，作表语。故填descendant。 38．It is officially (宣布) that the train ticket prices will remain unchanged during the coming May Day. 【答案】announced 【详解】考查动词及固定句型。句意：官方宣布，即将到来的五一期间火车票价格将保持不变。根据中文提示，这里需要一个动词表示“宣布”，可以使用announce。这个句子考查了it+be+done+that...的固定句型，应该将announce变成过去分词。故答案是announced。 39．Physics was then a branch of natural (哲学). 【答案】philosophy 【详解】考查名词。句意：物理学当时是自然哲学的一个分支。根据汉语提示可知是名词philosophy，不可数，作宾语，故填philosophy。 40．I found it (极有吸引力的) to visit countless historical sites. 【答案】fascinating 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我发现参观无数的历史遗迹很有吸引力。空格处用形容词作宾语补足语，“极有吸引力的”的形容词是fascinating，故填fascinating。 三、完成句子 41．Our teacher told us that we should reading to improve our reading skills and knowledge every day. 我们的老师告诉我们应该坚持每天阅读，以提高我们的阅读能力和知识水平。 【答案】 stick to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“坚持”，用动词短语stick to，空格前为情态动词should，后加动词原型。故填①stick②to。 42．他将所有精力都集中在决赛上，日夜不停地训练。 With all his energy the final match, he trained day and night. 【答案】 focused/concentrated on 【详解】考查with复合结构及固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“集中精力在……上”为固定短语focus on或concentrate on，此处为with复合结构，energy与focus/concentrate之间为被动关系，需用过去分词形式作宾补。故填①focused/concentrated ②on 。 43．由两个医生、六个护士组成的医疗队明天将动身去非洲。 The medical team two doctors and six nurses will leave for Africa tomorrow. 【答案】 made up of 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“由……组成”，结合所给空数可知，应用动词短语make up of表示“组成，构成”，且空处作The medical team的后置定语，make up of和逻辑主语是被动关系，因此make需用过去分词的形式。故填made up of。 44．Luciano Pavarotti, Plácido Domingo and José Carreras, is known as one of the world’s greatest tenors. 卢西亚诺・帕瓦罗蒂，和普拉西多・多明戈、何塞・卡雷拉斯一样，被誉为世界上最伟大的男高音之一。 【答案】 as well as 【详解】考查固定短语。结合下文is可知，此处用as well as表示“和”，连接两个并列的成分，as well as连接两个并列成份作主语时，适用就远原则。故填as well as。 45．她决定摆脱他以前的风格，在她的艺术中尝试一些新的东西。 She decided to break away his former style and try something new in her art. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。根据句意可知，此处意为“摆脱”，表达为break away from，故此处应用介词from，故填from。 46．他们在英格兰各地建造了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。 They had castles all around England, and made changes to the system. 【答案】 built legal 【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词。“建造”用动词build，在第1空处作宾语补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语castles之间是被动关系，且“建造了城堡”是已经发生的事情，过去分词built表被动和完成；“法律”在第2空处修饰名词system，用形容词legal作定语。故填built；legal。 47．Down by the sea, the of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds the music of the coast . 海边波浪咆哮，海鸟鸣叫，奏响了海岸交响乐。 【答案】 roar make up 【详解】考查名词和动词短语。根据所给中文句子可知，①空处需翻译“咆哮”，空处应填名词作主语，应是roar意为“咆哮”，②空处需翻译“奏响了”，此处可用动词短语：make up意为“构成”，即“海边波浪咆哮和海鸟鸣叫构成海岸交响乐”，句子描述的是一个普遍的、反复发生的自然现象，应用一般现在时，主语是复数，make使用原形。故填①roar，②make up。 48．我说不好法语，但我能使别人听懂我的话。 I don’t speak French well, but I can . 【答案】make myself understood 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意“使别人听懂我的话”可知，句中涉及“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，“can”为情态动词，后接动词原形，“myself”表示“我自己”，作宾语，“understand”意为“理解”，动词词性，“myself”和“understand”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词“understood”作宾语补足语，空格处应用“make myself understood”，表示“使别人听懂我的话”。故填make myself understood。 49．旨在提高学生学习英语的兴趣和拓宽他们的视野的这个项目，在我们学生中广受欢迎。 (分词短语作定语) The program, , is widely popular among us students. 【答案】meant/aiming to promote the interest of the students in English learning and broaden their horizons 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意，表示“旨在……”为be meant to do或aim to do sth，mean与逻辑主语the program之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式，而aim与逻辑主语the program之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式作后置定语，表示“提高学生学习英语的兴趣”为promote the interest of the students in English learning，表示“拓宽他们的视野”为broaden their horizons，“提高学生学习英语的兴趣”与“拓宽他们的视野”为并列关系，所以此处使用并列连词and连接两个动词不定式短语。故填meant/aiming to promote the interest of the students in English learning and broaden their horizons。 50．They are displayed . 它们在当地博物馆中展出。 【答案】in the local museum 【详解】考查名词短语。根据中英文提示，“当地”可翻译成local，“博物馆”是museum，“在当地博物馆中”应翻译成in the local museum。故答案是in the local museum。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Moving through the remains of a centuries-old watchtower, a four-legged robot is checking the “health” of the Great Wall. 51 (equip) with advanced devices, such as smart sensors, high-definition cameras, and lidar (激光雷达), the robot can 52 (precise) identify cracks and missing bricks, and report them to relevant departments in real time. “It can replace humans to perform dangerous and hard inspections, 53 (improve) the efficiency and quality of the Great Wall protection,” says Liu Liang, head of a research team. The use of the sharp-eyed robot reflects China’s ongoing efforts 54 (enhance) protection through high-end technologies. Additionally, professionals are introducing innovative “treatments” to preserve the cultural heritage site, one of 55 is a biological conservation method developed by Liu’s team. Rain damage has been a constant threat to the 56 (stable) of rammed earth (夯土) walls. However, experts found that certain walls were remarkably 57 (resist) to water damage. A special type of algae (藻类) growing on the earth surface turned out to be the real guardian against rain damage. Recently, the team has cultivated the organism and applied the effective, eco-friendly method 58 the surface of the rammed earth walls. These technologies not just strengthen the Great Wall’s physical structures, 59 serve as a bridge connecting people to the Wall’s cultural heritage and raising public awareness of its protection. The educational institutions are doing just that. For example, special courses integrating the use of AI tools, such as DeepSeek, with knowledge on the Great Wall, 60 (develop) for children, according to Dong Yaohui, head of the research institute of the Great Wall at Hebei GEO University. 【答案】 51．Equipped 52．precisely 53．improving 54．to enhance 55．which 56．stability 57．resistant 58．to 59．but 60．are being developed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科技在长城保护中的应用与意义。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：配备有智能传感器、高清摄像头和激光雷达等先进设备，这个机器人可以精确地识别裂缝和缺失的砖块，并实时向相关部门报告。句中已有谓语动词can identify，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，equip与robot为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。 52．考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词identify，需用副词形式precisely作状语。故填precisely。 53．考查非谓语动词。句意：“它可以代替人类进行危险和艰难的检查，提高长城保护的效率和质量，”研究小组负责人刘亮说。句中已有谓语动词can replace，空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，“提高保护效率和质量”是“代替人类检测”的自然结果，表示自然而然的结果，需用现在分词形式。故填improving。 54．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种目光敏锐的机器人的使用反映了中国通过高端技术加强保护的持续努力。名词effort后需接动词不定式作后置定语，表示目的或未来要发生的动作。故填to enhance。 55．考查定语从句。句意：此外，专业人士正在引入创新的“治疗方法”来保护这一文化遗产，其中之一就是刘亮团队开发的生物保护方法。此处为“one of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词treatments，指物，在从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 56．考查名词。句意：雨水损害一直是对夯土墙稳定性的持续威胁。空处需填名词作介词to的宾语，stable的名词形式为stability“稳定性”，为不可数名词。故填stability。 57．考查形容词。句意：然而，专家们发现，某些墙壁对水损害有显著的抵抗力。空处需填形容词作表语，resist的形容词形式为resistant“有抵抗力的”，be resistant to为固定短语，意为“对……有抵抗力”。故填resistant。 58．考查介词。句意：最近，该团队已经培育了这种生物，并将这种有效、环保的方法应用于夯土墙表面。apply...to...为固定短语，意为“把……应用于……”。故填to。 59．考查连词。句意：这些技术不仅加强了长城的物理结构，还作为连接人们与长城文化遗产的桥梁，提高了公众对其保护的意识。not just...but (also)...为固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”，此处省略also。故填but。 60．考查动词时态和语态。句意：例如，河北地质大学长城研究院院长董耀辉表示，目前正在为儿童开发将DeepSeek等人工智能工具的使用与长城知识相结合的特殊课程。此处缺少谓语动词，主语courses与develop为被动关系，需用被动语态，根据语境可知，此处表示课程正在被开发，需用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are being developed。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the Guandi Temple in the city of Yuncheng, north China’s Shanxi Province, cypresses (柏树) and Chinese scholar trees have stood and lived for 61 (century). From March to July this year, experts gave more than 20 of them a fresh round of care, by 62 (clean) tree holes, checking for pests (害虫) and filling decayed spots with eco-friendly materials, all in efforts 63 (help) these trees stand firm in the face of the test of time. Because 64 age, pests and extreme weather, some ancient trees at the temple have shown signs of decline. “Protecting these precious ‘living cultural relics’ relies on scientific care and professional 65 (protect),” said Guo Bo, deputy head of the temple’s cultural heritage conservation office. Guo showed that the temple and two nearby heritage sites host 159 ancient and notable trees and 66 oldest of them has stood for about 1,800 years. To protect these trees, local caretakers 67 (register) and labeled each tree so far, applying tailored protective measures such as strengthening of trunks and the fertilizing of roots. These efforts reflect a broader campaign across China to better protect ancient and notable trees. Ancient trees are the trees 68 are over 100 years old, and notable trees are those 69 (especial) with historical, cultural or ecological importance. A 70 (nation) survey conducted between 2015 and 2021 identified (确认) 5.08 million ancient and notable trees in China. 【答案】 61．centuries 62．cleaning 63．to help 64．of 65．protection 66．the 67．have registered 68．that/which 69．especially 70．national 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山西运城关帝庙的古树名木因多种因素出现衰败迹象，当地通过科学养护等措施保护它们，这也是中国古树名木保护行动的体现。 61．考查名词复数。句意：在中国北方山西省运城市的关帝庙里，柏树和国槐已经屹立生长了几个世纪。空处用于介词for之后，表示“几个世纪”，应用名词century的复数形式centuries。故填centuries。 62．考查动名词。句意：今年3月至7月，专家们对其中20多棵树进行了新一轮的护理，清理树洞、检查害虫、用环保材料填补腐烂部位，所有这些都是为了帮助这些树在时间的考验面前屹立不倒。空处用于介词by之后，应用动名词形式cleaning作宾语。故填cleaning。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年3月至7月，专家们对其中20多棵树进行了新一轮的护理，清理树洞、检查害虫、用环保材料填补腐烂部位，所有这些都是为了帮助这些树在时间的考验面前屹立不倒。句中已有谓语gave，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意可知，专家们进行的工作是为了帮助树木保持屹立不倒，空处需填动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to help。 64．考查介词。句意：由于年代久远、害虫和极端天气，寺庙里的一些古树已经出现了衰退的迹象。because of为固定短语，意为“由于”。故填of。 65．考查名词。句意：关帝庙文化遗产保护办公室副主任郭波表示：“保护这些珍贵的‘活文物’需要科学的护理和专业的保护。”空处用于形容词professional之后，应用名词protection，与care并列，作介词on的宾语。故填protection。 66．考查冠词。句意：郭波表示，该寺庙和附近的两个遗产地共有159棵古树和名木，其中最古老的一棵已经屹立了约1800年。根据空后oldest of them可知，此处表示三者及以上的最高级，应用定冠词the。故填the。 67．考查动词时态。句意：为了保护这些树木，当地的看护人迄今为止已经对每棵树进行了登记和标记，并采取了量身定制的保护措施，如加固树干和给根部施肥。根据时间状语so far可知，句子需用现在完成时，主语为caretakers，助动词用have。故填have registered。 68．考查定语从句。句意：古树是指树龄超过100年的树木，名木是指具有历史、文化或生态重要性的树木。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词trees，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 69．考查副词。句意：古树是指树龄超过100年的树木，名木是指具有历史、文化或生态重要性的树木。空处用于修饰介词短语with historical, cultural or ecological importance，应用副词especially，表示“特别，尤其”，作状语。故填especially。 70．考查形容词。句意：2015年至2021年开展的一项全国调查显示，中国有508万棵古树名木。空处用于名词survey之前，应用形容词national“全国的”，作定语。故填national。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $