专题01 动词核心考点（时态&语态&主谓一致）（复习讲义）（河北专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题01 动词核心考点（时态/语态/主谓一致） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 一 时态核心考点：5大必考时态+语境判断技巧 3 1. 一般现在时 3 2. 一般过去时 4 3. 现在完成时 5 4. 现在进行时 6 5. 一般将来时 6 二 语态核心考点：被动语态+特殊规则 7 1. 核心被动结构 7 2. 特殊被动规则 8 3. 主动与被动语境判断 8 三 主谓一致核心考点：三大原则+河北真题专项 9 1. 语法一致原则 9 2. 意义一致原则 9 3. 就近一致原则 9 4. 就远原则 10 5. 河北中考主谓一致易混点 10 四、河北中考真题典例分析 10 （一）时态真题解析（2025 短文填空） 10 （二）语态真题解析（2024 完形填空） 11 （三）主谓一致真题解析（2025 短文填空） 11 五、备考提分策略（2026 河北中考冲刺） 11 （一）真题溯源法 11 （二）语境预判技巧 12 （三）高频考点速记清单 12 04·优题精选·练能提分 14 考情分析 一、命题特点分析 1.考查形式多样，既有直接选择，也有语境推断。 2.时态考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、过去进行时等常用时态。 3.语态考查以被动语态为主，尤其关注“一般现在时”的被动形式。 4.主谓一致考查注重语境主语识别，常与名词单复数、不定代词、集合名词等结合考查。 5.命题趋势向“语境化、综合化、生活化”发展，强调在真实语境中准确运用动词形式。 二、命题思路总结 动词的时态、语态及主谓一致是河北省中考英语“语法得分核心区”，近三年考查覆盖完形填空、短文填空、书面表达三大题型，分值占比稳定在 8-12 分。2025 年题型有重大调整：删除单项选择题后，该专题考点集中在短文填空（语法结构化考查）、完形填空（语境化运用） ，且新增 “时态与被动语态结合”“主谓一致与连接词搭配” 的综合考法。书面表达中，时态混用、主谓不一致仍是重点扣分项。 命题预测 1. 时态：考查重心从“标志词记忆”转向“时间逻辑建构”。 高频且高阶的考点：一般过去时与现在完成时的精准辨析将成为区分考生水平的关键。题目将设置需要理解动作“对现在的影响”或“过去经历”的语境。 复杂时间叙事：在一篇故事中，可能会混合使用一般过去时（叙事主线）、过去进行时（描述背景动作，“当…正在发生时”）和过去完成时（表达“过去的过去”），考查学生对时间逻辑链条的整体把握。 2. 语态：考查重心从“结构识别”转向“语义判断与恰当运用”。 被动语态的考查，关键不在于考生是否记得“be+过去分词”这个结构，而在于能否在语境中识别出“动作承受者作主语”的必要性。 3. 主谓一致：考查重心从“规则背诵”转向“复杂主语核心的辨析”。 命题将倾向于设置结构复杂的主语，干扰考生对真正主语核心的判断。 一 时态核心考点：5大必考时态+语境判断技巧 1. 一般现在时 核心结构： 肯定：主语 + 动词原形（主语三单→动词三单形式） 否定：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 被动：am/is/are+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：every day/week/month/year、every morning/afternoon/evening、usually、always、often、sometimes、seldom、never、on Sundays/weekends、once a week/month、twice a year 隐性标志词：客观事实、科学真理、自然规律、习俗惯例、经常性动作、岗位职责 【典例】（2025年河北真题·短文填空）：Mid-Autumn Festival __________ (celebrate) on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month every year. 易错点规避： 三单形式遗漏（错：He often play football. 对：He often plays football.） 客观真理时态误用（错：The teacher said the earth is round. 对：The teacher said the earth is round. 客观真理不受主句时态影响） 2. 一般过去时 核心结构： 肯定：主语 + 动词过去式 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 被动：was/were+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening、last week/month/year、last Monday/Tuesday、...ago（three days ago、two years ago）、just now、a moment ago、the other day、once upon a time、in 2020/2021/2022（具体过去年份）、at the age of 8/10（过去年龄）、then、after that、later 隐性标志词：故事叙述语境、过去具体事件描述、对话中 “过去发生的动作”（如 asked、said、was/were 等提示） 【典例】（2024年河北真题·完形填空）：Rick said that he knew the answer but couldn’t see the board clearly. His teacher was worried and __________ (phone) his parents. 易错点规避： 不规则动词过去式错误（高频考词：go→went、see→saw、take→took、eat→ate、write→wrote、do→did、have→had、say→said、make→made、know→knew、think→thought、feel→felt、get→got、give→gave、find→found、tell→told） 与现在完成时混淆（错：He has visited his grandparents last weekend. 对：He visited his grandparents last weekend.） 3. 现在完成时 核心结构： 肯定：have/has+done 否定：haven’t/hasn’t+done 被动：have/has been+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：for + 时间段（for three days/years、for a long time）、since + 时间点（since 2010、since last Monday）、since + 一般过去时从句（since he was a child、since we met last year）、already、yet（疑问句 / 否定句）、ever、never、just、recently、lately、so far、up to now、until now、in the past few years（近几年）、over the past twelve months（近12 个月）、during the past decade（近十年） 隐性标志词：动作对现在造成的影响 / 结果（如 “书读了五遍→书很好”“视力下降→不能看清黑板”）、动作持续到现在。 【典例】（2025年河北真题·短文填空）：Over the past twelve ______ (month), there have been many difficult things in our family. 关键考点突破： 延续性动词转换： 短暂性动词 延续性动词 例句 borrow keep How long have you kept the book? leave be away He has been away from home for 3 days. die be dead His grandfather has been dead for 2 years. buy have She has had the bike since 2022. begin/start be on The film has been on for 10 minutes. open be open The shop has been open since 8 o’clock. close be closed The library has been closed for two days. join be in/be a member of He has been a member of the club for 5 years. marry be married They have been married for 10 years. arrive/reach/get to be in/be at She has been in Beijing for a week. 语境隐含逻辑（无标志词时）： 真题例句（2023）：This book must be great. My sister ______ (read) it five times. 解析：“读了五次”→动作对现在的影响（书很好）→现在完成时→has read 4. 现在进行时 核心结构： 肯定：am/is/are+doing 否定：am/is/are+not+doing 被动：am/is/are+being+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：now、at the moment、at present、right now、these days（现阶段）、this week/month（现阶段）、Look!、Listen!、Can you see...?、Can’t you see...? 隐性标志词：语境提示 “此刻正在进行”（如 “隔壁很吵→正在举办派对”“学生在那边打太极→现在进行”） 【典例】（2023年河北真题·单项选择）：Some students ______ Taiji over there. Let’s go and join them. 易错点规避： 瞬间动词误用（错：He is dying. 对：He is dying. 此处 die 为 “临终”，表状态；若表 “死亡”，不可用进行时） 静态动词误用（错：I am knowing the answer. 对：I know the answer. 静态动词如 know、like、love、hate、have、want、need、believe、understand 不用于进行时） 5. 一般将来时 核心结构： will+do（表预测、意愿） be going to+do（表计划、迹象） be doing（表计划，限于 go/come/leave/arrive/start/begin/return 等动词） 被动：will be done/be going to be done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：tomorrow、tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening、next week/month/year、next Monday/Tuesday、in + 时间段（in three days/weeks、in 2027）、soon、in the future、later、soon after、before long、this afternoon/evening（未发生） 隐性标志词：计划、打算、安排（如 plan to、decide to、want to、be going to）、迹象提示（如 “乌云密布→将要下雨”） 【典例】（2025年河北真题·短文填空）：I am sure it ______ (make) a big difference in your future life. 易混点辨析：will 与 be going to： 计划内：I am going to visit my grandma this weekend.（河北 2024 短文填空） 无计划、突发：Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.（迹象）/ I will help you if you need.（意愿） 时态混合辨析 易混时态组合 解题关键 例句 一般过去时与现在完成时 有无明确过去时间词；是否与现在相关 He lived here for 5 years.（过去，现已搬走） He has lived here for 5 years.（现在仍住） 一般现在时与现在进行时 习惯性动作 vs 此刻 / 现阶段动作 She reads books every night.（习惯） She is reading a book now.（此刻） 一般将来时与现在进行时 无计划 vs 有计划 I will see a movie tonight.（临时决定） I am seeing a movie tonight.（已计划） 二 语态核心考点：被动语态+特殊规则 被动语态的本质是 “主语是动作的承受者”，河北中考 90% 的语态题集中在 3 种时态，且常与语境结合考查 1. 核心被动结构 时态 被动结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done Breakfast is provided for people over 60 for free. 一般过去时 was/were+done Emma’s writing was read as a model in class. 一般将来时 will be done/be going to be done A new library will be built in our school. 2. 特殊被动规则 规则 1：使役动词被动还原 to 主动：The teacher made him finish the homework. 被动：He was made to finish the homework. 高频使役动词：make、let、have、see、hear、watch、notice、feel（后三者被动同样还原 to） 规则 2：不及物动词无被动 常见高频词：happen、take place、occur、break out（爆发）、belong to、appear、disappear、come true、arrive、leave、go、die、sleep、walk、run、rain、snow、wind 例句：A big accident was happened yesterday.（错）→ A big accident happened yesterday.（对） 规则 3：短语动词被动保留介词/副词 高频短语动词：put off（推迟）、take care of（照顾）、look after（照顾）、look forward to（期待）、listen to（听）、pay attention to（注意）、turn on（打开）、turn off（关闭）、set up（建立）、give up（放弃）、carry out（执行） 例句：The sports meeting was put off because of the rain. 规则 4：情态动词被动结构 结构：情态动词（can/may/must/should/need/will）+be+done 高频情态动词：must（必须）、should（应该）、can（能）、may（可以）、need（需要） 例句：Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere. 规则 5：get + 过去分词表被动 高频搭配：get hurt（受伤）、get lost（迷路）、get dressed（穿衣）、get married（结婚）、get broken（坏掉） 例句：He got hurt in the accident yesterday. 3. 主动与被动语境判断 当主语是动作的执行者→主动；是承受者→被动 河北真题实例（2023）： 【典例】：Breakfast ____________(provide) every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. 三 主谓一致核心考点：三大原则+河北真题专项 主谓一致的关键是 “锁定真正主语”，河北中考集中考查 3 大原则，且常通过连接词设置陷阱。 1. 语法一致原则 核心：主语单复数决定谓语单复数 高频考点： 不可数名词（water、food、information、news、advice、work、money、time、weather）作主语→单数 不定代词（everyone、someone、anyone、no one、everyone、something、anything、nothing、everything、each、either、neither、one、another、little、much）作主语→单数 动名词短语 / 不定式短语（Reading books、To learn English）作主语→单数 “a/an + 单数名词” 作主语→单数；“复数名词” 作主语→复数 “a pair of + 复数名词”“a piece of + 不可数名词” 作主语→单数（由 pair/piece 决定） 例题：Everyone in our class ______ (like) English songs. 易错点：“the + 形容词” 表一类人→复数（The old are taken good care of.）；表抽象概念→单数（The beautiful is not always good.） 2. 意义一致原则 核心：谓语单复数由主语的实际意义决定 高频考点： 集体名词（family、team、class、government、group、crowd、police、people）： 强调整体→单数：My family is a big one. 强调成员→复数：My family are watching TV now. 时间 / 距离 / 金钱 / 重量 / 长度（ten years、100 kilometers、200 dollars、5 kilos）作主语→单数：Two hundred dollars is a large sum of money. 书名、报刊名、国名、机构名（The Old Man and the Sea、China Daily、China）作主语→单数 “分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词” 作主语→由 of 后的名词单复数决定：Three fifths of the students like English. “the number of + 复数名词”（…… 的数量）→单数；“a number of + 复数名词”（许多）→复数 例句：The number of students in our school is 500, and a number of them are from the countryside. 3. 就近一致原则 核心：谓语单复数由靠近它的主语决定 高频连接词（： 基本连接词：or、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...、there be/here be、nor 扩展连接词：not...but...（不是…… 而是……）、either...or...、neither...nor... 【典例】（2024年河北真题）：Not only May but also her brother ______ (be) in the Party for years. 【典例】（2023年河北真题）：There ______(be) a book and two pens on the desk. 4. 就远原则 核心：谓语单复数由前面的主语决定 高频连接词： 基本连接词：as well as、together with、along with、except、besides、but、including、rather than、instead of 例句：Tom, together with his parents, likes playing football. 5. 河北中考主谓一致易混点 易混结构 谓语单复数 例句 the number of + 复数名词 单数 The number of students in our school is 500. a number of + 复数名词 复数 A number of students like playing basketball. both...and... 连接主语 复数 Both you and I are students. 动名词短语作主语 单数 Reading books is my hobby. 集体名词（family/team） 单/复数（看语境） My family is big.（整体） My family are watching TV.（成员） 不定代词 each+of + 复数名词 单数 Each of the students has a new book. there be + 多个主语 靠近原则 There is a pen and two books on the desk. 四、河北中考真题典例分析 （一）时态真题解析（2025 短文填空） 题目：With pieces of paper in it, the jug 43._____________ (call) “Good Things Jug”. Here 48._____________ (be) a few things from the “Good Things Jug”: “Jim and I went camping with our parents. There we 50._____________ (teach) my pet cat how to clap (拍) with his feet.” “I am sure it 55._____________ (make) a big difference in your future life.” （二）语态真题解析（2024 完形填空） 题目：Emma got excited when her writing 38._______ as a model in class. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read （三）主谓一致真题解析（2025 短文填空） 题目：Here 48._______ (be) a few things from the “Good Things Jug”: 五、备考提分策略（2026 河北中考冲刺） （一）真题溯源法 整理 2023-2025 年河北中考所有相关题目，按 “时态/语态/主谓一致” 分类，标注错误原因（如 “延续性动词转换错误”“就近原则误用”） 每天重做 10 道真题，重点分析 “语境判断逻辑”，而非单纯记忆语法结构 （二）语境预判技巧 短文填空解题步骤： 1.通读全文，确定核心时态（如故事类→一般过去时，习俗类→一般现在时） 2.逐空判断：先看主被动，再看时态，最后验证主谓一致 3.复查：通读全文，确保时态连贯、语态正确、主谓一致 （三）高频考点速记清单 1.延续性动词转换清单： begin/start→be on open→be open close→be closed join→be in/be a member of marry→be married buy→have borrow→keep lend→keep leave→be away die→be dead arrive/reach/get to→be in/be at come→be here go→be there return→be back get up→be up fall asleep→be asleep finish→be over start→be on catch a cold→have a cold 2.不规则动词过去式 / 过去分词： go→went→gone see→saw→seen take→took→taken eat→ate→eaten write→wrote→written do→did→done have→had→had say→said→said make→made→made know→knew→known think→thought→thought feel→felt→felt get→got→got/gotten give→gave→given find→found→found tell→told→told speak→spoke→spoken read→read→read stand→stood→stood sit→sat→sat run→ran→run drink→drank→drunk drive→drove→driven fly→flew→flown break→broke→broken choose→chose→chosen 3.被动语态特殊动词 / 短语清单： 无被动：happen、take place、belong to、appear、disappear、come true、break out 短语动词被动：be taken care of、be put off、be looked after、be turned on、be set up 情态动词被动：must be done、should be done、can be done、may be done 4.主谓一致连接词清单： 就近原则：either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...、there be/here be、or、nor、not...but... 就远原则：as well as、together with、along with、except、besides、including、rather than、instead of 集体名词：family、team、class、government、group、crowd、police、people 特殊结构：the number of（单数）、a number of（复数）、each of（单数）、both...and...（复数） 时态专练 1．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The bird heard the sound of the cars and (fly) away. 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）It’s clean and beautiful now, but in the past there (be) a lot of pollution. 3．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Last week, we (watch) a fashion show in the school hall. 4．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Here is the information we got from him. The city (have) a short history. 5．（2023·西藏·中考真题）I （be）a teacher in Xizang for 40 years. 6．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Have you ever (try) Chinese food outside of China? 7．（2025·西藏·中考真题）So far, China (turn) parts of deserts into forests. 8．（2024·西藏·中考真题）I (read) stories to my sister while my mother was cooking. 9．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Look! The students （study） paper cutting in class. 10．（2025·西藏·中考真题）We (talk) about saving water and electricity now. 11．（2023·湖南永州·中考真题）My parents and I （visit）Yangmingshan Mountain this winter. 12．（2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I wonder if they’ll (have) the races again next year. 13．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Last year, my brother (finish) high school and we went camping by a lake. 14．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）He always (spend) time with his family on weekends. 15．（2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题）Lanzhou (receive) a large number of visitors every year. 16．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Zhuoma never (waste) food and she sets a good example for her sister. 17．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）If Kate (finish) her homework, her parents will allow her to hang out with friends. 18．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Mr. Chen (live) there for over 50 years, so we went to interview him. 19．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）When mom came home, Danny (play) the piano in the living room. 20．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）We decided to stay at home because it was heavily. (rain) 21．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sorry, buddy. I (drive) at the moment. Can I call you back later? 22．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Do you mind turning down the music? I (attend) an online meeting now. 23．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）There (be) at least six underground lines in Wuxi in five years’ time. 24．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Some people believe robots (take) most jobs away from humans in the future. 25．（2017·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）If everyone pays more attention to the environment, our life (be) better. 语态专练 1．（2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题）The sweet memories in junior high school will be (remember) forever. 2．（2025·全国·模拟预测）President Xi Jinping tells all Chinese that great life (create) by hard work. 3．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）A new bridge will (build) over that river. 4．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can be (solve) in the end. 5．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）The list of winners will (put) up on the school website. 6．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）The Olympic Games in Paris will be (hold) on July 26th, 2024. 7．（2023·湖南常德·中考真题）—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it (write) by Aron Ralston. 8．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）This stone bridge (build) over 800 years ago. 9．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）You (expect) to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary. 10．（2023·西藏·中考真题）New energy（能源） cars （make） in China every year. 11．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）New clothes and shoes (send) to children in poor areas by my classmates every year. 12．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）All the dialogue in Baiju (speak) in Nanjing dialect, easy to understand, and full of humor. 13．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Usually, paper cuttings (put) on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals. 14．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Anyone interested in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. Fan (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 15．（2021·西藏·中考真题）Many people believe that teenagers should （allow）to make their own decisions in some ways. 主谓一致专练 1．Not only my parents but also I (be) Zhong Nanshan’s fans. 2．On April 30, 2025, there three Chinese astronauts who returned to Earth safely. (be) 3．Either Lisa or John and Lily to the ball last night. (invite) 4．Neither my parents nor my sister (play) such exciting games before. 5．Not only my parents but my little sister (prepare) for the birthday party when I got home. 6．Lily together with her sisters often (go) to the cinema at weekends. 7．When I got home just now, my sister with my parents (talk) happily. 8．The number of the students in this class 50 now. (be) 9．A number of tourists (visit) this famous place every year. 10．Both Lily and Lucy (visit) the Lanzhou Science and Technology Museum twice. 语篇训练 Passage 01 My name is Dave. I 1._____________ (invite) to join a city-level violin competition last month. And I won the 2._____________ (two) prize finally. I started learning to play the violin when I was five. Since then, I 3._____________ (play) the violin in public for several years. People sometimes ask me 4._____________ I feel nervous. I can honestly say “I do not”. I feel quite sure 5._____________ it and I know how to play it well. But that does not mean I never feel nervous. Last week, I 6._____________ (take) part in an activity to collect money for children in poor areas. After it, I was asked to give 7._____________ speech about it in our school. The day came at last. Though I 8._____________ (plan) carefully, I was afraid I might forget my 9._____________(word). When my teacher came to see me an hour before the speech, I 10._____________ (practice) it repeatedly in front of the mirror. When I finally stood up 11._____________ (speak), my hands were shaking. And I could not hold my notes. Then my teacher encouraged me, “Come on, believe in 12._____________ (you). I am sure you are the 13._____________(good).” I felt very relaxed on hearing this. In the end, the speech was very 14._____________ (success). Everyone cheered loudly. It was such a wonderful feeling. I 15._____________ (remember) this experience forever. It is so special to me. Passage 02 The film Nezha 2 has been shown. It 1._____________ (make) by Jiaozi (Yang Yu). Jiaozi is a young 2 (direct) from Sichuan. Ne Zha is one of China’s most beloved mythological (神话的) 3._____________ (hero). The film continues the 4._____________ (excite) story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing from the first movie. Ne Zha and Ao Bing 5._____________ (lose) their physical bodies. Their souls were 6._____________ great danger. Their master Taiyi Zhenren saved 7._____________ (they) using a magical seven-colored lotus, 8._____________ peace did not last long. Their souls began to disappear again. 9._____________ (prepare) for new challenges, Ne Zha trains very hard. He learns ancient magic 10._____________ (careful) to protect his world. He learns to care deeply for his friends. His friend Ao Bing used to fight with 11._____________ (person) troubles. The challenges help them become 12._____________ (brave) and wiser. The film broke box office records, making it the 13._____________ (eight) highest-grossing (最高票房) cartoon film in history by February 18, 2025. It 14._____________ (become) a huge success in the film industry already. It is also 15._____________ cultural moment for China’s film. Passage 03 I have a good friend, Ella. She is 1._____________ honest girl. She always tells me the 2._____________ (true) and keeps my secrets. We 3._____________ (meet) on a sunny afternoon. I remember when I saw her that day, she 4._____________ (play) basketball on the playground. At first, I was a little shy and didn’t know 5._____________ to make friends. But Ella was 6._____________ (friend) and soon we became close. We share the same interests and 7._____________ (hobby). We both love reading books and watching movies. Last summer, we went 8._____________ a trip together. We visited some interesting places 9._____________ (happy). We had a great time and enjoyed 10._____________ (we) very much. Ella studies 11._____________ (well) than me. I decide 12._____________ (learn) from her. She often helps me 13._____________ my homework and we study together for tests. Because of her help, I have improved a lot in my studies. I am lucky to have such a good friend. We 14._____________ (support) each other if something 15._____________ (happen) in the future. 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词核心考点（时态/语态/主谓一致） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 一 时态核心考点：5大必考时态+语境判断技巧 3 1. 一般现在时 3 2. 一般过去时 4 3. 现在完成时 5 4. 现在进行时 6 5. 一般将来时 6 二 语态核心考点：被动语态+特殊规则 7 1. 核心被动结构 7 2. 特殊被动规则 8 3. 主动与被动语境判断 8 三 主谓一致核心考点：三大原则+河北真题专项 9 1. 语法一致原则 9 2. 意义一致原则 9 3. 就近一致原则 9 4. 就远原则 10 5. 河北中考主谓一致易混点 10 四、河北中考真题典例分析 10 （一）时态真题解析（2025 短文填空） 10 （二）语态真题解析（2024 完形填空） 11 （三）主谓一致真题解析（2025 短文填空） 11 五、备考提分策略（2026 河北中考冲刺） 11 （一）真题溯源法 11 （二）语境预判技巧 12 （三）高频考点速记清单 12 04·优题精选·练能提分 14 考情分析 一、命题特点分析 1.考查形式多样，既有直接选择，也有语境推断。 2.时态考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、过去进行时等常用时态。 3.语态考查以被动语态为主，尤其关注“一般现在时”的被动形式。 4.主谓一致考查注重语境主语识别，常与名词单复数、不定代词、集合名词等结合考查。 5.命题趋势向“语境化、综合化、生活化”发展，强调在真实语境中准确运用动词形式。 二、命题思路总结 动词的时态、语态及主谓一致是河北省中考英语“语法得分核心区”，近三年考查覆盖完形填空、短文填空、书面表达三大题型，分值占比稳定在 8-12 分。2025 年题型有重大调整：删除单项选择题后，该专题考点集中在短文填空（语法结构化考查）、完形填空（语境化运用） ，且新增 “时态与被动语态结合”“主谓一致与连接词搭配” 的综合考法。书面表达中，时态混用、主谓不一致仍是重点扣分项。 命题预测 1. 时态：考查重心从“标志词记忆”转向“时间逻辑建构”。 高频且高阶的考点：一般过去时与现在完成时的精准辨析将成为区分考生水平的关键。题目将设置需要理解动作“对现在的影响”或“过去经历”的语境。 复杂时间叙事：在一篇故事中，可能会混合使用一般过去时（叙事主线）、过去进行时（描述背景动作，“当…正在发生时”）和过去完成时（表达“过去的过去”），考查学生对时间逻辑链条的整体把握。 2. 语态：考查重心从“结构识别”转向“语义判断与恰当运用”。 被动语态的考查，关键不在于考生是否记得“be+过去分词”这个结构，而在于能否在语境中识别出“动作承受者作主语”的必要性。 3. 主谓一致：考查重心从“规则背诵”转向“复杂主语核心的辨析”。 命题将倾向于设置结构复杂的主语，干扰考生对真正主语核心的判断。 一 时态核心考点：5大必考时态+语境判断技巧 1. 一般现在时 核心结构： 肯定：主语 + 动词原形（主语三单→动词三单形式） 否定：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 被动：am/is/are+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：every day/week/month/year、every morning/afternoon/evening、usually、always、often、sometimes、seldom、never、on Sundays/weekends、once a week/month、twice a year 隐性标志词：客观事实、科学真理、自然规律、习俗惯例、经常性动作、岗位职责 【典例】（2025年河北真题·短文填空）：Mid-Autumn Festival __________ (celebrate) on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month every year. 【解析】 解析：every year→一般现在时；“中秋节被庆祝”→被动语态；主语为单数→is celebrated 答案：is celebrated 易错点规避： 三单形式遗漏（错：He often play football. 对：He often plays football.） 客观真理时态误用（错：The teacher said the earth is round. 对：The teacher said the earth is round. 客观真理不受主句时态影响） 2. 一般过去时 核心结构： 肯定：主语 + 动词过去式 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 被动：was/were+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening、last week/month/year、last Monday/Tuesday、...ago（three days ago、two years ago）、just now、a moment ago、the other day、once upon a time、in 2020/2021/2022（具体过去年份）、at the age of 8/10（过去年龄）、then、after that、later 隐性标志词：故事叙述语境、过去具体事件描述、对话中 “过去发生的动作”（如 asked、said、was/were 等提示） 【典例】（2024年河北真题·完形填空）：Rick said that he knew the answer but couldn’t see the board clearly. His teacher was worried and __________ (phone) his parents. 【解析】 前文 “said”“was worried”→一般过去时；phone 的过去式为 phoned 答案：phoned 易错点规避： 不规则动词过去式错误（高频考词：go→went、see→saw、take→took、eat→ate、write→wrote、do→did、have→had、say→said、make→made、know→knew、think→thought、feel→felt、get→got、give→gave、find→found、tell→told） 与现在完成时混淆（错：He has visited his grandparents last weekend. 对：He visited his grandparents last weekend.） 3. 现在完成时 核心结构： 肯定：have/has+done 否定：haven’t/hasn’t+done 被动：have/has been+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：for + 时间段（for three days/years、for a long time）、since + 时间点（since 2010、since last Monday）、since + 一般过去时从句（since he was a child、since we met last year）、already、yet（疑问句 / 否定句）、ever、never、just、recently、lately、so far、up to now、until now、in the past few years（近几年）、over the past twelve months（近12 个月）、during the past decade（近十年） 隐性标志词：动作对现在造成的影响 / 结果（如 “书读了五遍→书很好”“视力下降→不能看清黑板”）、动作持续到现在。 【典例】（2025年河北真题·短文填空）：Over the past twelve ______ (month), there have been many difficult things in our family. 【解析】 over the past twelve months→现在完成时；many difficult things→复数→have been 答案：months 关键考点突破： 延续性动词转换： 短暂性动词 延续性动词 例句 borrow keep How long have you kept the book? leave be away He has been away from home for 3 days. die be dead His grandfather has been dead for 2 years. buy have She has had the bike since 2022. begin/start be on The film has been on for 10 minutes. open be open The shop has been open since 8 o’clock. close be closed The library has been closed for two days. join be in/be a member of He has been a member of the club for 5 years. marry be married They have been married for 10 years. arrive/reach/get to be in/be at She has been in Beijing for a week. 语境隐含逻辑（无标志词时）： 真题例句（2023）：This book must be great. My sister ______ (read) it five times. 解析：“读了五次”→动作对现在的影响（书很好）→现在完成时→has read 4. 现在进行时 核心结构： 肯定：am/is/are+doing 否定：am/is/are+not+doing 被动：am/is/are+being+done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：now、at the moment、at present、right now、these days（现阶段）、this week/month（现阶段）、Look!、Listen!、Can you see...?、Can’t you see...? 隐性标志词：语境提示 “此刻正在进行”（如 “隔壁很吵→正在举办派对”“学生在那边打太极→现在进行”） 【典例】（2023年河北真题·单项选择）：Some students ______ Taiji over there. Let’s go and join them. 【解析】 “over there” 暗示此刻正在进行→现在进行时→are playing 答案：are playing 易错点规避： 瞬间动词误用（错：He is dying. 对：He is dying. 此处 die 为 “临终”，表状态；若表 “死亡”，不可用进行时） 静态动词误用（错：I am knowing the answer. 对：I know the answer. 静态动词如 know、like、love、hate、have、want、need、believe、understand 不用于进行时） 5. 一般将来时 核心结构： will+do（表预测、意愿） be going to+do（表计划、迹象） be doing（表计划，限于 go/come/leave/arrive/start/begin/return 等动词） 被动：will be done/be going to be done 高频标志词： 显性标志词：tomorrow、tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening、next week/month/year、next Monday/Tuesday、in + 时间段（in three days/weeks、in 2027）、soon、in the future、later、soon after、before long、this afternoon/evening（未发生） 隐性标志词：计划、打算、安排（如 plan to、decide to、want to、be going to）、迹象提示（如 “乌云密布→将要下雨”） 【典例】（2025年河北真题·短文填空）：I am sure it ______ (make) a big difference in your future life. 【解析】 “in your future life”→一般将来时→will make 答案：will make 易混点辨析：will 与 be going to： 计划内：I am going to visit my grandma this weekend.（河北 2024 短文填空） 无计划、突发：Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.（迹象）/ I will help you if you need.（意愿） 时态混合辨析 易混时态组合 解题关键 例句 一般过去时与现在完成时 有无明确过去时间词；是否与现在相关 He lived here for 5 years.（过去，现已搬走） He has lived here for 5 years.（现在仍住） 一般现在时与现在进行时 习惯性动作 vs 此刻 / 现阶段动作 She reads books every night.（习惯） She is reading a book now.（此刻） 一般将来时与现在进行时 无计划 vs 有计划 I will see a movie tonight.（临时决定） I am seeing a movie tonight.（已计划） 二 语态核心考点：被动语态+特殊规则 被动语态的本质是 “主语是动作的承受者”，河北中考 90% 的语态题集中在 3 种时态，且常与语境结合考查 1. 核心被动结构 时态 被动结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done Breakfast is provided for people over 60 for free. 一般过去时 was/were+done Emma’s writing was read as a model in class. 一般将来时 will be done/be going to be done A new library will be built in our school. 2. 特殊被动规则 规则 1：使役动词被动还原 to 主动：The teacher made him finish the homework. 被动：He was made to finish the homework. 高频使役动词：make、let、have、see、hear、watch、notice、feel（后三者被动同样还原 to） 规则 2：不及物动词无被动 常见高频词：happen、take place、occur、break out（爆发）、belong to、appear、disappear、come true、arrive、leave、go、die、sleep、walk、run、rain、snow、wind 例句：A big accident was happened yesterday.（错）→ A big accident happened yesterday.（对） 规则 3：短语动词被动保留介词/副词 高频短语动词：put off（推迟）、take care of（照顾）、look after（照顾）、look forward to（期待）、listen to（听）、pay attention to（注意）、turn on（打开）、turn off（关闭）、set up（建立）、give up（放弃）、carry out（执行） 例句：The sports meeting was put off because of the rain. 规则 4：情态动词被动结构 结构：情态动词（can/may/must/should/need/will）+be+done 高频情态动词：must（必须）、should（应该）、can（能）、may（可以）、need（需要） 例句：Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere. 规则 5：get + 过去分词表被动 高频搭配：get hurt（受伤）、get lost（迷路）、get dressed（穿衣）、get married（结婚）、get broken（坏掉） 例句：He got hurt in the accident yesterday. 3. 主动与被动语境判断 当主语是动作的执行者→主动；是承受者→被动 河北真题实例（2023）： 【典例】：Breakfast ____________(provide) every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. 【解析】 breakfast 是 “被提供”→被动；every day→一般现在时→is provided 答案：is provided 三 主谓一致核心考点：三大原则+河北真题专项 主谓一致的关键是 “锁定真正主语”，河北中考集中考查 3 大原则，且常通过连接词设置陷阱。 1. 语法一致原则 核心：主语单复数决定谓语单复数 高频考点： 不可数名词（water、food、information、news、advice、work、money、time、weather）作主语→单数 不定代词（everyone、someone、anyone、no one、everyone、something、anything、nothing、everything、each、either、neither、one、another、little、much）作主语→单数 动名词短语 / 不定式短语（Reading books、To learn English）作主语→单数 “a/an + 单数名词” 作主语→单数；“复数名词” 作主语→复数 “a pair of + 复数名词”“a piece of + 不可数名词” 作主语→单数（由 pair/piece 决定） 例题：Everyone in our class ______ (like) English songs.（答案：likes） 易错点：“the + 形容词” 表一类人→复数（The old are taken good care of.）；表抽象概念→单数（The beautiful is not always good.） 2. 意义一致原则 核心：谓语单复数由主语的实际意义决定 高频考点： 集体名词（family、team、class、government、group、crowd、police、people）： 强调整体→单数：My family is a big one. 强调成员→复数：My family are watching TV now. 时间 / 距离 / 金钱 / 重量 / 长度（ten years、100 kilometers、200 dollars、5 kilos）作主语→单数：Two hundred dollars is a large sum of money. 书名、报刊名、国名、机构名（The Old Man and the Sea、China Daily、China）作主语→单数 “分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词” 作主语→由 of 后的名词单复数决定：Three fifths of the students like English. “the number of + 复数名词”（…… 的数量）→单数；“a number of + 复数名词”（许多）→复数 例句：The number of students in our school is 500, and a number of them are from the countryside. 3. 就近一致原则 核心：谓语单复数由靠近它的主语决定 高频连接词（： 基本连接词：or、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...、there be/here be、nor 扩展连接词：not...but...（不是…… 而是……）、either...or...、neither...nor... 【典例】（2024年河北真题）：Not only May but also her brother ______ (be) in the Party for years. 【典例】（2023年河北真题）：There ______(be) a book and two pens on the desk. 【解析】 1.解析：靠近主语 her brother→单数；for years→现在完成时→has been 答案：has been 2.解析：靠近主语 a book→单数→is 答案：is 4. 就远原则 核心：谓语单复数由前面的主语决定 高频连接词： 基本连接词：as well as、together with、along with、except、besides、but、including、rather than、instead of 例句：Tom, together with his parents, likes playing football. 5. 河北中考主谓一致易混点 易混结构 谓语单复数 例句 the number of + 复数名词 单数 The number of students in our school is 500. a number of + 复数名词 复数 A number of students like playing basketball. both...and... 连接主语 复数 Both you and I are students. 动名词短语作主语 单数 Reading books is my hobby. 集体名词（family/team） 单/复数（看语境） My family is big.（整体） My family are watching TV.（成员） 不定代词 each+of + 复数名词 单数 Each of the students has a new book. there be + 多个主语 靠近原则 There is a pen and two books on the desk. 四、河北中考真题典例分析 （一）时态真题解析（2025 短文填空） 题目：With pieces of paper in it, the jug 43._____________ (call) “Good Things Jug”. Here 48._____________ (be) a few things from the “Good Things Jug”: “Jim and I went camping with our parents. There we 50._____________ (teach) my pet cat how to clap (拍) with his feet.” “I am sure it 55._____________ (make) a big difference in your future life.” 【解析】 43 题：jug 是 “被称为”→被动；全文一般现在时→is called 48 题：here be 遵循就近原则，靠近主语 a few things→复数→are 50 题：we 是 “教猫”→主动；前文 went→一般过去时→taught 55 题：in your future life→一般将来时→will make 答案：is called；are；taught；will make （二）语态真题解析（2024 完形填空） 题目：Emma got excited when her writing 38._______ as a model in class. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read 【解析】 步骤1.主语 her writing 是 “被朗读”→被动语态，排除 A、B 步骤2.前文 got excited→一般过去时，时态一致→was read 步骤3.答案：D （三）主谓一致真题解析（2025 短文填空） 题目：Here 48._______ (be) a few things from the “Good Things Jug”: 【解析】 步骤1.here be 遵循就近原则，靠近主语 a few things（复数）→are 步骤2.答案：are 五、备考提分策略（2026 河北中考冲刺） （一）真题溯源法 整理 2023-2025 年河北中考所有相关题目，按 “时态/语态/主谓一致” 分类，标注错误原因（如 “延续性动词转换错误”“就近原则误用”） 每天重做 10 道真题，重点分析 “语境判断逻辑”，而非单纯记忆语法结构 （二）语境预判技巧 短文填空解题步骤： 1.通读全文，确定核心时态（如故事类→一般过去时，习俗类→一般现在时） 2.逐空判断：先看主被动，再看时态，最后验证主谓一致 3.复查：通读全文，确保时态连贯、语态正确、主谓一致 （三）高频考点速记清单 1.延续性动词转换清单： begin/start→be on open→be open close→be closed join→be in/be a member of marry→be married buy→have borrow→keep lend→keep leave→be away die→be dead arrive/reach/get to→be in/be at come→be here go→be there return→be back get up→be up fall asleep→be asleep finish→be over start→be on catch a cold→have a cold 2.不规则动词过去式 / 过去分词： go→went→gone see→saw→seen take→took→taken eat→ate→eaten write→wrote→written do→did→done have→had→had say→said→said make→made→made know→knew→known think→thought→thought feel→felt→felt get→got→got/gotten give→gave→given find→found→found tell→told→told speak→spoke→spoken read→read→read stand→stood→stood sit→sat→sat run→ran→run drink→drank→drunk drive→drove→driven fly→flew→flown break→broke→broken choose→chose→chosen 3.被动语态特殊动词 / 短语清单： 无被动：happen、take place、belong to、appear、disappear、come true、break out 短语动词被动：be taken care of、be put off、be looked after、be turned on、be set up 情态动词被动：must be done、should be done、can be done、may be done 4.主谓一致连接词清单： 就近原则：either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...、there be/here be、or、nor、not...but... 就远原则：as well as、together with、along with、except、besides、including、rather than、instead of 集体名词：family、team、class、government、group、crowd、police、people 特殊结构：the number of（单数）、a number of（复数）、each of（单数）、both...and...（复数） 时态专练 1．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The bird heard the sound of the cars and (fly) away. 【答案】flew 【详解】句意：那只鸟听到汽车的声音后飞走了。根据“heard”可知，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填flew。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）It’s clean and beautiful now, but in the past there (be) a lot of pollution. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：现在这里干净又美丽，但过去有很多污染。根据“in the past”可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；句子主语“a lot of pollution”是不可数名词，故be动词用was。故填was。 3．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Last week, we (watch) a fashion show in the school hall. 【答案】watched 【详解】句意：上周，我们在学校礼堂看了一场时装秀。根据“Last week”以及句子结构可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，使用一般过去时，watch的过去式为watched。故填watched。 4．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Here is the information we got from him. The city (have) a short history. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：我们从他那里得到的信息是，这座城市有一段短暂的历史。根据“a short history”可知，此处表示“有”一段短暂的历史，have表示“有”，结合句子是一般现在时态及句子主语“The city”是第三人称单数可知，谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 5．（2023·西藏·中考真题）I （be）a teacher in Xizang for 40 years. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意：我在西藏当了40年的老师。根据“for 40 years”可知时态是现在完成时。主语是I，助动词用have。故have been。 6．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Have you ever (try) Chinese food outside of China? 【答案】tried 【详解】句意：你在国外吃过中国菜吗？try“尝试”，动词。根据“ever”及“Have…”可知，此处是现在完成时态，结构是have done。故填tried。 7．（2025·西藏·中考真题）So far, China (turn) parts of deserts into forests. 【答案】has turned 【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国已经将部分沙漠变成了森林。根据“So far”可知，该句是现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，主语是China，助动词填has，动词改为过去分词turned。故填has turned。 8．（2024·西藏·中考真题）I (read) stories to my sister while my mother was cooking. 【答案】was reading 【详解】句意：妈妈做饭的时候，我在给妹妹读书。根据“while my mother was cooking”可知，当while引导的时间状语从句强调两个动作同时进行，主从句都用进行时，结合was可知，此处是过去进行时，主语是I，was reading符合句意，故填was reading。 9．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Look! The students （study） paper cutting in class. 【答案】are studying 【详解】句意：看！学生们正在课堂上学习剪纸。“Look!”提示时态为现在进行时，谓语结构是am/is/are doing，该句主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are studying。 10．（2025·西藏·中考真题）We (talk) about saving water and electricity now. 【答案】are talking 【详解】句意：我们正在谈论关于节约水电的事。talk“谈论，交谈”。根据时间状语“now”可知，本句时态为现在进行时态，肯定句的结构为“am/is/are+动词的现在分词”。本句主语“We”为第一人称复数，be动词用“are”，talk“谈论，交谈”，其现在分词形式为“talking”。故填are talking。 11．（2023·湖南永州·中考真题）My parents and I （visit）Yangmingshan Mountain this winter. 【答案】will visit 【详解】句意：今年冬天，我和父母参观了阳明山。visit“参观”，是动词，根据“this winter”可知动作尚未发生，应用一般将来时，故填will visit。 12．（2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I wonder if they’ll (have) the races again next year. 【答案】have 【详解】句意：我想知道他们明年是否会再次举办比赛。从句是一般将来时态，结构是will do，动词have用其原形。故填have。 13．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Last year, my brother (finish) high school and we went camping by a lake. 【答案】finished 【详解】句意：去年，我哥哥高中毕业了，我们去湖边露营。句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，finished符合句意，故填finished。 14．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）He always (spend) time with his family on weekends. 【答案】spends 【详解】句意：他总是在周末花时间陪伴家人。spend“花费”。根据“He always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语为三单，故谓语动词应用三单形式。故填spends。 15．（2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题）Lanzhou (receive) a large number of visitors every year. 【答案】receives 【详解】句意：兰州每年都接待大量的游客。根据“every year”可知，时态为一般现在时。主语“Lanzhou”是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。receive“接待；收到”，第三人称单数形式是“receives”。故填receives。 16．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Zhuoma never (waste) food and she sets a good example for her sister. 【答案】wastes 【详解】句意：卓玛从不浪费食物，她为她的妹妹树立了一个好榜样。waste“浪费”，根据“never”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是Zhuoma，所以谓语动词用三单形式。故填wastes。 17．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）If Kate (finish) her homework, her parents will allow her to hang out with friends. 【答案】finishes 【详解】句意：如果凯特完成家庭作业，她的父母会允许她和朋友出去玩。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时，主语是Kate，谓语动词用单三。故填finishes。 18．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Mr. Chen (live) there for over 50 years, so we went to interview him. 【答案】has lived 【详解】句意：陈先生已经在那里住了 50 多年了，所以我们去采访了他。for over 50 years是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，用于强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，主语Mr. Chen是第三人称单数。故填has lived。 19．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）When mom came home, Danny (play) the piano in the living room. 【答案】was playing 【详解】句意：妈妈回家时，丹尼正在客厅弹钢琴。根据“When mom came home”可知丹尼当时正在客厅里弹钢琴，此处是含有when的过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was playing。 20．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）We decided to stay at home because it was heavily. (rain) 【答案】raining 【详解】句意：我们决定待在家里，因为雨正下得很大。根据“We decided to stay at home”及“was”可知because引导的原因状语从句应采用过去进行时，其谓语结构为：was/were+现在分词，动词rain的现在分词为raining。故填raining。 21．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sorry, buddy. I (drive) at the moment. Can I call you back later? 【答案】am driving 【详解】句意：对不起，伙计。我现在正在开车。我可以稍后再给你打电话吗？drive“驾驶”，动词。根据“at the moment”可知，时态是现在进行时，主语是第一人称单数I，be动词用am。故填am driving。 22．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Do you mind turning down the music? I (attend) an online meeting now. 【答案】am attending 【详解】句意：你介意把音乐关小一点吗？我现在正在参加一个在线会议。attend“参加”，动词。根据“Do you mind turning down the music?”及“now”可知，正在参加会议，应为现在进行时，结构是be doing，主语是第一人称I，be动词用am。故填am attending。 23．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）There (be) at least six underground lines in Wuxi in five years’ time. 【答案】will be 【详解】句意：未来5年，无锡将至少有6条地铁线路。根据“in five years’ time”可知，时态是一般将来时，故填will be。 24．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Some people believe robots (take) most jobs away from humans in the future. 【答案】will take 【详解】句意：有些人认为机器人将来会抢走人类的大部分工作。根据“in the future”可知，是一般将来时，故填will take。 25．（2017·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）If everyone pays more attention to the environment, our life (be) better. 【答案】will be 【详解】句意：如果每个人都更加关注环境，我们的生活将会更好。根据“If”一词可知，这是由if引导的条件状语从句；再者根据条件状语从句的“主将从现原则”可知，主句时态要用一般将来时，因此will be符合句意。故填will be。 语态专练 1．（2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题）The sweet memories in junior high school will be (remember) forever. 【答案】remembered 【详解】句意：初中时的美好回忆将被永远铭记。根据“The sweet memories in junior high school will be...(remember) forever.”可知，此处指美好记忆将被铭记，用被动语态“be done”，空前已有be，空处应是remember的过去分词remembered。故填remembered。 2．（2025·全国·模拟预测）President Xi Jinping tells all Chinese that great life (create) by hard work. 【答案】is created 【详解】句意：习近平主席告诉全体中国人，美好的生活是通过辛勤劳动创造的。根据“President Xi Jinping tells all Chinese that great life…by hard work.”可知，great life和create之间是被动关系，且这是客观真理，需用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语是great life，故be动词用is。故填is created。 3．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）A new bridge will (build) over that river. 【答案】be built 【详解】句意：那条河上将修建一座新桥。句子主语“A new bridge”与动词“build”之间为被动关系（桥被修建），且空格前有“will”，故此处为一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be + 过去分词”。“build”的过去分词为“built”，故填be built。 4．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can be (solve) in the end. 【答案】solved 【详解】句意：不管我们有多少困难，我相信所有的问题最终都能解决。主语“problems”是动作的承受者，此处是含情态动词的被动语态，用动词过去分词，故填solved。 5．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）The list of winners will (put) up on the school website. 【答案】be put 【详解】句意：获奖名单将在学校网站上公布。主语The list of winners与动词短语put up之间是被动关系，结合will可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故填be put。 6．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）The Olympic Games in Paris will be (hold) on July 26th, 2024. 【答案】held 【详解】句意：巴黎奥运会将在2024年7月26日举办。主语与hold之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态。hold的过去分词为held。故填held。 7．（2023·湖南常德·中考真题）—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it (write) by Aron Ralston. 【答案】was written 【详解】句意：——你知道《生死两难》这本书吗？——知道，它是阿伦·罗斯顿写的。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was written。 8．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）This stone bridge (build) over 800 years ago. 【答案】was built 【详解】句意：这座石桥建于800多年前。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“over 800 years ago”可知，是一般过去时的被动语态，故填was built。 9．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）You (expect) to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary. 【答案】are expected 【详解】句意：你在高中时应该更有条理。所以你可以写日记。根据“You …(expect) to be more organized in high school.”可知，be expected to do“被期待做”，本句使用一般现在时，主语为You，使用be动词are。故填are expected。 10．（2023·西藏·中考真题）New energy（能源） cars （make） in China every year. 【答案】are made 【详解】句意：中国每年都制造新能源汽车。分析题干可知，主语cars和谓语动词make是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其结构为be done；根据every year可知原句应为一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are made。 11．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）New clothes and shoes (send) to children in poor areas by my classmates every year. 【答案】are sent 【详解】句意：我的同学每年都会给贫困地区的孩子们送新衣服和新鞋子。主语New clothes and shoes和谓语send之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are sent。 12．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）All the dialogue in Baiju (speak) in Nanjing dialect, easy to understand, and full of humor. 【答案】is spoken 【详解】句意：《白驹过隙》中的所有对话都是用南京方言说的，通俗易懂，幽默风趣。分析句子可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是All the dialogue，与动词speak之间是被动关系，此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成是：am/is/are done，主语是All the dialogue，指的是对话整体，be动词用is，speak的过去分词形式为spoken。故填is spoken。 13．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Usually, paper cuttings (put) on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals. 【答案】are put 【详解】句意：通常，在婚礼或节日里，剪纸被贴在墙上、窗户和门上。主语“paper cuttings”与动词put之间是被动关系，结合Usually可知，此处用一般现在时被动语态，主语是复数形式，助动词用are，故填are put。 14．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Anyone interested in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. Fan (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 【答案】is known 【详解】句意：任何对敦煌感兴趣的人都会听说过樊锦诗。樊锦诗被许多人称为“敦煌的女儿”。主语Fan和动词know之间是被动关系，此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时，be动词用is，know的过去分词是known，be known to“被……所熟知”。故填is known。 15．（2021·西藏·中考真题）Many people believe that teenagers should （allow）to make their own decisions in some ways. 【答案】be allowed 【详解】句意：许多人认为青少年应该被允许在某些方面做自己的选择。主语teenagers “青少年” 是动词allow “允许”动作的承受者，表示应该被允许做决定，结构是情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故填be allowed。 主谓一致专练 1．Not only my parents but also I (be) Zhong Nanshan’s fans. 【答案】am 【详解】句意：不仅我的父母，我也是钟南山的粉丝。当“not only... but also...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与but also后的主语保持一致。本句中but also后的主语是I，为第一人称单数，且句子陈述一般事实，为一般现在时，因此be动词应使用am。故填am。 2．On April 30, 2025, there three Chinese astronauts who returned to Earth safely. (be) 【答案】were 【详解】句意：2025年4月30日，三名中国宇航员安全返回地球。根据句型结构“there be”的就近原则，故“三个中国宇航员”可知为复数，且根据“returned”可知为一般过去时。故填were。 3．Either Lisa or John and Lily to the ball last night. (invite) 【答案】were invited 【详解】句意：昨晚不是丽莎就是约翰和莉莉被邀请参加舞会。根据“Either Lisa or John and Lily ... to the ball last night.”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，主语与invite是被动关系，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，either...or...表示“要么……要么……”，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用就近原则，由于“John and Lily”是复数形式，be动词用were。故填were invited。 4．Neither my parents nor my sister (play) such exciting games before. 【答案】has played 【详解】句意：我父母和我姐姐以前都没有玩过这么刺激的游戏。根据“before”可知，此处用现在完成时，谓语动词构成是have/has done，neither…nor“既不……也不”，连接并列主语，谓语动词采用就近原则，离谓语最近的主语my sister是单数，故谓语动词用单数第三人称形式has。故填has played。 5．Not only my parents but my little sister (prepare) for the birthday party when I got home. 【答案】was preparing 【详解】句意：当我回家时，不仅我的父母，而且我的小妹妹都在为生日聚会做准备。prepare动词，意为“准备”；根据“when I got home”可知，当我回家时，他们“正在准备”，句子发生在过去，并且是过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构是was/were doing；not only...but also不仅……而且……，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致，因此是was preparing。故填was preparing。 6．Lily together with her sisters often (go) to the cinema at weekends. 【答案】goes 【详解】句意：莉莉和她的姐妹们经常在周末去看电影。根据often可知，时态是一般现在时；当“together with”连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的形式通常与前面的名词或代词保持一致。题干中，together with前的名词Lily表示单数，所以空处应用go的第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。 7．When I got home just now, my sister with my parents (talk) happily. 【答案】was talking 【详解】句意：我刚刚到家时，我姐姐和父母正在愉快地交谈。talk“交谈”，根据“When I got home just now”可知，时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，my sister with my parents作主语，谓语动词与with之前的主语保持一致，my sister为单数，be动词用was。故填was talking。 8．The number of the students in this class 50 now. (be) 【答案】is 【详解】句意：这个班现在有50名学生。根据“now”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，“the number of + 复数名词”结构表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式，应填is。故填is。 9．A number of tourists (visit) this famous place every year. 【答案】visit 【详解】句意：每年都有许多游客参观这个著名的地方。根据“every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；a number of“许多的”，后接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，所以此处应用动词原形visit。故填visit。 10．Both Lily and Lucy (visit) the Lanzhou Science and Technology Museum twice. 【答案】have visited 【详解】句意：莉莉和露西都去过兰州科技博物馆两次了。根据“twice”可知，“参观兰州科技博物馆”这个动作在过去发生过两次，对现在（说话时刻）的影响是她们去过这个博物馆了，所以用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词。由于主语“Lily and Lucy”是复数意义，所以助动词用have，visit的过去分词形式是visited。故填have visited。 语篇训练 Passage 01 My name is Dave. I 1._____________ (invite) to join a city-level violin competition last month. And I won the 2._____________ (two) prize finally. I started learning to play the violin when I was five. Since then, I 3._____________ (play) the violin in public for several years. People sometimes ask me 4._____________ I feel nervous. I can honestly say “I do not”. I feel quite sure 5._____________ it and I know how to play it well. But that does not mean I never feel nervous. Last week, I 6._____________ (take) part in an activity to collect money for children in poor areas. After it, I was asked to give 7._____________ speech about it in our school. The day came at last. Though I 8._____________ (plan) carefully, I was afraid I might forget my 9._____________(word). When my teacher came to see me an hour before the speech, I 10._____________ (practice) it repeatedly in front of the mirror. When I finally stood up 11._____________ (speak), my hands were shaking. And I could not hold my notes. Then my teacher encouraged me, “Come on, believe in 12._____________ (you). I am sure you are the 13._____________(good).” I felt very relaxed on hearing this. In the end, the speech was very 14._____________ (success). Everyone cheered loudly. It was such a wonderful feeling. I 15._____________ (remember) this experience forever. It is so special to me. 【答案】 1．was invited 2．second 3．have played 4．if/whether 5．about 6．took 7．a 8．planned 9．words 10．was practicing 11．to speak 12．yourself 13．best 14．successful 15．will remember 【导语】本文讲述了作者Dave的个人经历，主要围绕他在小提琴演奏方面的成就以及一次演讲的经历展开。 1．句意：上个月我被邀请参加一个市级小提琴比赛。根据“last month”可知，句子是一般过去时，主语I和动词invite之间是被动关系，表示“我被邀请”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是I，be动词用was，invite的过去分词是invited。故填was invited。 2．句意：并且我最终获得了二等奖。two是基数词，表示“二”，根据“the...prize”可知，此处表示“二等奖”，用序数词second“第二”。故填second。 3．句意：从那时起，我已经在公众面前拉小提琴好几年了。根据“for several years”可知，句子用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是I，助动词用have，play的过去分词是played。故填have played。 4．句意：人们有时问我我是否感到紧张。根据“People sometimes ask me...I feel nervous.”可知，此处是宾语从句，表示“是否感到紧张”，用if/whether“是否”引导宾语从句。故填if/whether。 5．句意：我对它很有把握，并且我知道如何把它拉好。根据“I feel quite sure...it”可知，此处表示“对它有把握”，用sure about“对……有把握”，所以此处用about。故填about。 6．句意：上周，我参加了一个为贫困地区儿童筹款的活动。根据“Last week”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词take用过去式took。故填took。 7．句意：活动结束后，我被要求在我们学校做一个关于它的演讲。give a speech“做演讲”，固定短语。故填a。 8．句意：虽然我仔细计划了，但我担心我可能会忘记我的话。根据“I was afraid I might forget my...”可知，此处表示“担心忘记我的话”，是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，动词plan用过去式planned。故填planned。 9．句意：虽然我仔细计划了，但我担心我可能会忘记我的话。word表示“话”时，常用复数形式words。故填words。 10．句意：当我的老师在演讲前一小时来看我时，我正在镜子前反复练习。根据“When my teacher came to see me an hour before the speech”可知，此处表示“老师来看我时，我正在练习”，所以用过去进行时，结构为was/were+动词的现在分词，主语是I，be动词用was，practice的现在分词是practicing。故填was practicing。 11．句意：当我终于站起来讲话时，我的手在颤抖。根据“stood up...”可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“站起来为了讲话”，所以用to speak。故填to speak。 12．句意：加油，相信你自己。根据“believe in...”可知，此处表示“相信你自己”，用反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。 13．句意：我相信你是最好的。good是形容词，表示“好的”，根据“the...”可知，此处用good的最高级best“最好的”。故填best。 14．句意：最后，演讲非常成功。success是名词，表示“成功”，根据“the speech was very...”可知，此处用形容词successful“成功的”作表语。故填successful。 15．句意：我将永远记住这次经历。根据“forever”可知，此处表示“将永远记住”，用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。故填will remember。 Passage 02 The film Nezha 2 has been shown. It 1._____________ (make) by Jiaozi (Yang Yu). Jiaozi is a young 2 (direct) from Sichuan. Ne Zha is one of China’s most beloved mythological (神话的) 3._____________ (hero). The film continues the 4._____________ (excite) story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing from the first movie. Ne Zha and Ao Bing 5._____________ (lose) their physical bodies. Their souls were 6._____________ great danger. Their master Taiyi Zhenren saved 7._____________ (they) using a magical seven-colored lotus, 8._____________ peace did not last long. Their souls began to disappear again. 9._____________ (prepare) for new challenges, Ne Zha trains very hard. He learns ancient magic 10._____________ (careful) to protect his world. He learns to care deeply for his friends. His friend Ao Bing used to fight with 11._____________ (person) troubles. The challenges help them become 12._____________ (brave) and wiser. The film broke box office records, making it the 13._____________ (eight) highest-grossing (最高票房) cartoon film in history by February 18, 2025. It 14._____________ (become) a huge success in the film industry already. It is also 15._____________ cultural moment for China’s film. 【答案】 1．was made 2．director 3．heroes 4．exciting 5．lost 6．in 7．them 8．but 9．To prepare 10．carefully 11．personal 12．braver 13．eighth 14．has become 15．a 【导语】本文主要讲述电影《哪吒 2》的创作信息、剧情内容、角色成长以及其票房成绩和文化意义。 1．句意：电影《哪吒 2》已上映，它由饺子（杨宇）制作。根据“The film Nezha 2...by Jiaozi (Yang Yu).”及提示词可知，电影是被制作，用一般过去时被动语态was made。故填was made。 2．句意：饺子是来自四川的一位年轻导演。根据“Jiaozi is a young...from Sichuan.”及提示词可知，direct（指导）的名词形式是director（导演），符合语境。故填director。 3．句意：哪吒是中国最受喜爱的神话英雄之一。根据“Ne Zha is one...beloved mythological....”及提示词可知，“one of + 可数名词复数”是常用搭配，hero复数是heroes。故填heroes。 4．句意：这部电影延续了第一部电影中哪吒和敖丙的令人兴奋的故事。根据“The film continues the...the first movie.”及提示词可知，修饰名词story（故事），应用形容词exciting（令人兴奋的）。故填exciting。 5．句意：哪吒和敖丙失去了他们的肉身。根据“Ne Zha and Ao Bing...their physical bodies.”及提示词可知，描述过去发生的事，用lose的过去式lost。故填lost。 6．句意：他们的灵魂处于极大危险中 。根据“Their souls were...great danger.”及提示词可知，in danger（处于危险中）是常用表达。故填in。 7．句意：他们的师父太乙真人用一朵神奇的七色莲花救了他们（宾格）。根据“Their master Taiyi Zhenren...seven-colored lotus,”及提示词可知，动词saved后接宾格，they的宾格是them。故填them。 8．句意：但是和平并没有持续多久。根据“...peace did not last long.”可知，前文说被救，此处应是表转折，用but（但是）。故填but。 9．句意：为了准备应对新挑战，哪吒非常努力地训练。根据“...prepare for new...trains very hard.”及提示词可知，动词不定式to prepare表目的（为了准备）,位于句首首字母大写。故填To prepare。 10．句意：他认真地学习古老魔法以保护他的世界。根据“He learns ancient magic...protect his world.”及提示词可知，修饰动词learns用副词carefully（认真地）。故填carefully。 11．句意：他的朋友敖丙过去常常因个人的烦恼而争斗。根据“His friend Ao Bing used...troubles.”及提示词可知，修饰名词troubles用形容词 personal（个人的）。故填personal。 12．句意：这些挑战帮助他们变得更勇敢和更有智慧 。根据“The challenges help...and wiser.”及提示词可知，and连接并列比较级，brave的比较级是braver（更勇敢的）。故填braver。 13．句意：截至 2025年2月18日，这部电影打破了票房纪录，使其成为历史上票房第八高的动画电影。根据“making it the...film in history.”及提示词可知，表示“第几”应用序数词，eight的序数词是eighth（第八）。故填eighth。 14．句意：它已然在电影行业取得了巨大成功 。根据“It...film industry already.”及提示词可知，already是现在完成时标志，其结构为“has/have + 过去分词”，become 的过去分词为become，主语是it，用has become（已经成为）。故填has become。 15．句意：这对中国电影来说也是一个文化时刻 。根据“It is also...China’s film.”可知，cultural moment是可数名词单数，culture是辅音音素开头的，用不定冠词a（一个 ）来修饰。故填a。 Passage 03 I have a good friend, Ella. She is 1._____________ honest girl. She always tells me the 2._____________ (true) and keeps my secrets. We 3._____________ (meet) on a sunny afternoon. I remember when I saw her that day, she 4._____________ (play) basketball on the playground. At first, I was a little shy and didn’t know 5._____________ to make friends. But Ella was 6._____________ (friend) and soon we became close. We share the same interests and 7._____________ (hobby). We both love reading books and watching movies. Last summer, we went 8._____________ a trip together. We visited some interesting places 9._____________ (happy). We had a great time and enjoyed 10._____________ (we) very much. Ella studies 11._____________ (well) than me. I decide 12._____________ (learn) from her. She often helps me 13._____________ my homework and we study together for tests. Because of her help, I have improved a lot in my studies. I am lucky to have such a good friend. We 14._____________ (support) each other if something 15._____________ (happen) in the future. 【答案】 1．an 2．truth 3．met 4．was playing 5．how 6．friendly 7．hobbies 8．on 9．happily 10．ourselves 11．better 12．to learn 13．with 14．will support 15．happens 【导语】本文主要讲述了“我”和好朋友埃拉相识、相处的经历，包括共同的兴趣爱好、一起旅行的经历，以及她在学习上对“我”的帮助，体现了两人之间深厚的友谊。 1．句意：她是一个诚实的女孩。此处泛指一个女孩，“honest”以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an表示“一个”。故填an。 2．句意：她总是告诉我真相并保守我的秘密。定冠词“the”后需接名词，true是形容词，其名词形式为truth，表示“真相”。故填truth。 3．句意：我们在一个阳光明媚的下午相遇。根据“At first, I was a little shy and didn’t know...”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，meet的过去式为met。故填met。 4．句意：我记得那天看到她时，她正在操场上打篮球。“when I saw her”表示过去的时间点，此处用过去进行时was/were doing，主语“she”是第三人称单数，故填was playing。 5．句意：起初，我有点害羞，不知道如何交朋友。how to do sth.表示“如何做某事”，符合“不知道交朋友的方式”的语境。故填how。 6．句意：但埃拉很友好，很快我们就变得亲密了。“was”后接形容词作表语，friend的形容词形式为friendly，表示“友好的”。故填friendly。 7．句意：我们有相同的兴趣和爱好。hobby是可数名词，与“interests”并列，用复数形式hobbies。故填hobbies。 8．句意：去年夏天，我们一起去旅行了。go on a trip为固定短语，意为“去旅行”。故填on。 9．句意：我们开心地参观了一些有趣的地方。修饰动词“visited”用副词，此处指“开心地”，happy的副词形式为happily。故填happily。 10．句意：我们玩得很开心，非常享受。enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，主语“we”对应的反身代词是ourselves。故填ourselves。 11．句意：埃拉学习比我好。“than”提示用比较级，well的比较级为better。故填better。 12．句意：我决定向她学习。decide to do sth.为固定短语，意为“决定做某事”，故填to learn。 13．句意：她经常帮助我做家庭作业，我们一起为考试学习。固定短语help sb. with sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，故填with。 14．句意：如果将来有什么事发生，我们会互相支持。根据“if something ... (happen) in the future.”可知，条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句需用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。故填will support。 15．句意：如果将来有什么事发生，我们会互相支持。条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，主语“something”为单数，动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填happens。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $