Unit 6课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件围绕“Crossing Cultures”主题，聚焦跨文化交际中的问候习俗与礼仪，涵盖握手、鞠躬等肢体语言及情态动词用法。课堂通过图片观察、对话情境导入，从具体文化现象到语法知识（如as soon as, unless从句），搭建层层递进的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养，通过对比中、日、英、法等国问候方式，结合听力匹配、角色扮演等任务，引导学生理解文化差异。语法教学嵌入真实对话，如用“so...that”描述礼仪规范，提升思维品质。学生能提升跨文化沟通能力，教师可直接使用丰富的情境活动与语法练习资源。

目录 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Time to Relax Growing Up Nature's Temper Stay Healthy A Good Read The Wonders of Nature Crossing Cultures Making a Difference Unit 6 1 人教版英语八年级下册 Free Crystal 习题 2 unit6 习题 一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次 I.（shake, embarrass, manner, chopstick, formal, uncommon, confuse, congratulate, tradition, palm） 1. Have you _______hands with the international student? It’s a basic greeting in many countries.（你和那位国际学生握手了吗？这在很多国家都是一种基本的问候方式。） 2. His face turned red with ______when he made a mistake in the speech contest.（他在演讲比赛中出错时，脸因尴尬而变红。） 3. It’s bad _______to chew loudly or use your phone during a meal.（吃饭时大声咀嚼或玩手机是不礼貌的行为。） 4. We usually use ______to eat rice and noodles in traditional Chinese meals.（在传统中式用餐中，我们通常用筷子来吃米饭和面条。） 5. At ________ events like graduation ceremonies, students need to wear school uniforms.（在毕业典礼这类正式的场合，学生需要穿校服。） 6. It’s _________ to see heavy snow in this coastal city, so people get excited when it snows.（这座沿海城市难得见到大雪，所以下雪时人们都会很兴奋。） 7. I felt _______ when the teacher explained the grammar rule in three different ways.（当老师用三种不同的方式讲解语法规则时，我感到困惑。） 8. We _______our classmate on winning the first prize in the science competition last week.（上周，我们祝贺同学在科学竞赛中获得了一等奖。） 9. Eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival is a _______custom in China.（端午节吃粽子是中国的一项传统的习俗。） 10. She placed the tiny birthday card in the ________ of her hand and gave it to her best friend.（她把小小的生日贺卡放在掌心里，递给了最好的朋友。） 答案： 1.shaken； 2.embarrassment； 3.manners； 4.chopsticks； 5.formal；6.uncommon； 7.confused； 8.congratulated； 9.traditional； 10.palm； Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空，每短语限用一次 （shake hands with, be embarrassed about, in common, congratulate sb. on, be used to, keep...off, go a long way, in this manner） 1. When you meet elders in some cultures, you are expected to _________them politely.（在一些文化中，当你见到长辈时，应该礼貌地与他们握手。） 2. Many middle school students __________their messy bedrooms and hide them from guests.（许多中学生对自己凌乱的卧室感到难为情，会在有客人时把卧室藏起来。） 3. Though they grew up in different cities, the two friends have a lot _______________—they both love painting.（虽然两人在不同的城市长大，但这对朋友有很多共同之处—— 她们都喜欢画画。） 4. Don’t forget to ____________ your brother ___________passing his math exam when you get home.（你回家后，别忘了祝贺你弟弟通过了数学考试。） 5. After living in the south for half a year, she _____________ the hot and rainy summer weather.（在南方住了半年后，她已经习惯了炎热多雨的夏季天气。） 6. Please _________ your elbows _____________the table while eating—it’s considered impolite in formal dinners.（吃饭时请让手肘离开餐桌 —— 在正式晚宴上，这被认为是不礼貌的。） 7. A few sincere words of encouragement can _____________ in helping someone feel better when they’re sad.（当别人难过时，几句真诚的鼓励话语对帮助他们心情好转大有帮助。） 8. By solving the group task ____________, we finished it 20 minutes earlier than the other teams.（我们以这种方式完成小组任务，比其他队伍早了 20 分钟。） 答案： 1.shake hands with； 2.are embarrassed about； 3.in common； 4.congratulate; on；5.has been used to； 6.keep; off； 7.go a long way； 8.in this manner； 二、根据括号内所给汉语意思或首字母写出单词的正确形式 A. 首字母填空 1. When greeting in India, people usually put their p_____ together and say “namaste” instead of shaking hands.（在印度问候他人时，人们通常会双手合十，说 “合十礼”（或 “纳马斯泰”），而不是握手。） 2. It’s i_________to use personal chopsticks to serve food for others — serving chopsticks are required.（用个人筷子给别人夹菜是不合适的—— 需要使用公筷。） 3. After winning the competition, all his classmates came to c______ him on his amazing result.（赢得比赛后，他所有的同学都来祝贺他取得了出色的成绩。） 4. To follow table manners, we should keep our e_______off the table and sit up straight.（为了遵守餐桌礼仪，我们应该让手肘离开餐桌，并且坐直身体。） 5. She felt deeply e______ when her phone rang loudly during the silent formal speech.（在安静的正式演讲中，她的手机突然大声响起，这让她感到非常尴尬。） 6. In France, it’s a common c________ to kiss on both cheeks when meeting close friends.（在法国，见到密友时亲吻双颊是一种常见的习俗。） 7. Because of the language barrier, he looked c________ when the foreign tourist talked to him.（由于语言障碍，当外国游客和他说话时，他看起来很困惑。） 8. Wearing casual j______________to a formal wedding is considered impolite in most cultures.（在大多数文化中，穿休闲牛仔裤参加正式婚礼被认为是不礼貌的。） 9. There are various cultural t___________ around the world, and we need to respect them.（世界各地有各种各样的文化传统，我们需要尊重它们。） 10. When you feel anxious, you can r_________ your hands gently to make yourself calm.（当你感到焦虑时，可以轻轻揉搓双手，让自己平静下来。） 答案： 1.palms； 2.improper； 3.congratulate； 4.elbows； 5.embarrassed；6.custom； 7.confused； 8.jeans； 9.traditions； 10.rub； B. 汉语意思填空 1. In most Western countries, people ________（与……握手）when they meet in formal situations.（在大多数西方国家，人们在正式场合见面时会握手。） 2. The sudden change of the plan caused great ________（困惑）among all the team members.（计划的突然变更在所有团队成员中引起了极大的困惑。） 3. It’s __________（罕见的）to see heavy rain in this region in winter, so everyone was surprised.（个地区冬季下大雨很罕见，所以所有人都感到惊讶。） 4. You need a ____________（叉子）and a knife to eat steak in Western restaurants.（在西餐厅吃牛排，你需要一把叉子和一把刀。） 5. She ____________（为……感到尴尬）her wrong pronunciation when she spoke in front of the class.（当她在全班同学面前发言时，为自己错误的发音感到尴尬。） 6. His ____________（不恰当的）behavior at the dinner party made everyone feel uncomfortable.（他在晚宴上不恰当的举止让所有人都感到不舒服。） 7. We need to wear neat clothes when attending a ____________（正式的）business meeting.（参加正式的商务会议时，我们需要穿着整洁的服装。） 8. We should learn to accept the ____________（文化的）differences between different countries.（我们应当学会接受不同国家之间的文化的差异。） 9. Please _____________（使……避开）the hot pot when you pass by the dining table.（经过餐桌时，请使…… 避开火锅。） 10. It’s a family ______________（传统）to have a big dinner together on New Year’s Eve.（除夕夜一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐是一项家庭传统。） 答案： 1.shake hands with； 2.confusion； 3.uncommon； 4.fork； 5.was embarrassed about；6.improper； 7.formal； 8.cultural； 9.keep off；10.tradition 三、请用合适的连词（when, while, as soon as, before, after, until, if, unless, so…that）填空，完成短文（每空1词）。 Lily had dreamed of visiting the UK for years, 1___________ she saw a documentary about British culture last year. She spent three weeks learning about British customs 2_______she boarded the plane, worried she might make embarrassing mistakes. 3_______ she knocked on the host family’s door, her heart beat fast. Mrs. Smith, the host mom, smiled and said “Welcome” 4__________ she opened the door. The first challenge came at the first dinner: 5_________ Mrs. Smith was putting dishes on the table, Lily wanted to help, but she knew she couldn’t 6__________ the host invited her to. 7__________ everyone sat down, Lily didn’t start eating 8____________ Mrs. Smith picked up her knife and fork. She held the knife in her right hand 9_________ she held the fork in her left; however, she was 10__________ nervous 11_________ she almost spilled her drink. Later, she wanted to get a loaf of bread far from her. She wondered: 12___________ I reach for it directly, will the Smiths think I’m rude? Then she recalled the rule: you should ask others to pass it 13__________ you don’t want to be seen as impolite. She also found that 14________ the host offers you a second helping, you can say “Just a little, thanks” — 15___________ you eat too much in one go, you might look greedy. And she learned that she couldn’t leave the table 16__________ everyone finished their meals; this is a basic manner in Britain. By the end of the week, Lily felt comfortable with the customs. She said she was glad she prepared well 17___________ she came — otherwise, she would have been 18_________ confused 19_________ she couldn’t enjoy the warm welcome from the Smiths. 答案： 1. after； 2. before； 3. when； 4. as soon as； 5. while； 6. unless； 7. after； 8. until； 9. while ； 10. so； 1 1. that； 12. if； 13. unless； 14. if； 15. if； 16. until； 17. before； 18. so； 19. that 四、介词填空 请在空格中填入正确的介词，使句子完整且语法正确（每空1词）： 1. Many students feel nervous and get embarrassed __________ their poor performance in front of the whole class, so they often avoid taking part in public activities.（许多学生因为自己在全班同学面前的糟糕表现而感到紧张又尴尬，所以他们常常回避参加公共活动。） 2. Our head teacher took the lead to congratulate the school basketball team __________ their wonderful victory in the city sports meeting last week.（上周，我们的班主任带头祝贺学校篮球队在市运会上取得了精彩的胜利。） 3. Though Lucy grew up in a small town and her best friend Lily was raised in a coastal city, they still have quite a lot __________ common when it comes to their taste in books and music.（虽然露西在小镇长大，而她最好的朋友莉莉在沿海城市长大，但在书籍和音乐的品味方面，她们仍然有不少共同之处。） 4. To follow proper table manners in formal occasions, you should keep your elbows __________ the dining table while eating—this is a basic rule in many Western cultures.（为了在正式场合遵守恰当的餐桌礼仪，吃饭时你应该让手肘离开餐桌 —— 这在许多西方文化中都是一条基本规则。） 5. After listening to the teacher’s two different explanations of the sentence structure, most students felt even more confused __________ how to use it correctly in their composition.（在听了老师对这个句子结构的两种不同讲解后，大多数学生对于如何在作文中正确使用它感到更加困惑了。） 答案： 1. about； 2. on； 3. in； 4. off； 5. about 五、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（每空一词） 1. The story he shared at the family gathering was so ___________ (embarrass) that no one knew how to respond.（他在家庭聚会上分享的故事太令人尴尬了，没人知道该如何回应。） 2. After the teacher explained the complex grammar twice, many students were still in ___________ (confuse) about its usage.（老师把复杂的语法讲解了两遍后，许多学生对它的用法仍然一头雾水。） 3. When dining with guests in Western countries, it’s necessary to follow proper table _____________(manner).（在西方国家与客人共进晚餐时，有必要遵守恰当的餐桌礼仪。） 4. Shouting at the elderly in public is ___________ (proper) and shows no respect for others.（在公共场合对老人大喊大叫是不合适的，而且是不尊重他人的表现。） 5. All the classmates sent their _____________ (congratulate) to Lisa when she won the school painting competition.（莉萨赢得学校绘画比赛时，所有同学都向她送上了祝贺。） 6. In some ___________(tradition) villages, people still hold ancient ceremonies to welcome the harvest season.（在一些传统村落里，人们仍然会举办古老的仪式来迎接丰收季。） 7. We had a discussion about ___________ (culture) differences between Eastern and Western countries in the geography class.（我们在地理课上讨论了东西方国家之间的文化差异。） 8. Each ____________ (serve) of this local snack is small, so you can try several kinds without feeling full.（这种本地小吃的每份分量都很小，所以你可以尝好几种也不会觉得饱。） 9. It’s ____________ (common) to find such a rare old book in ordinary bookstores, so we were surprised to see it there.（在普通书店里找到这样一本珍贵的旧书是很罕见的，所以我们在那里看到它时都很惊讶。） 10. The boy _________ (receive) a special birthday gift from his uncle, which made him jump with joy.（这个男孩收到了叔叔送的一份特别的生日礼物，这让他高兴得跳了起来。） 答案： 1. embarrassing 2. confusion 3. manners 4. improper 5. congratulations 6. traditional 7. cultural 8. serving 9. uncommon 10. received 六、用所给单词，适当形式填空 When Mike, an American student, joined his Korean friend’s family dinner, he felt 1. ________(confuse) — he didn’t know any Korean table rules. The family’s habit of sharing one dish with chopsticks was 2. ____________(surprise) to him, as Americans usually use separate plates. Then, a(n) 3. _______ (embarrass) moment came: he accidentally knocked over a cup of tea. Mike’s face turned red immediately. He felt 4. ______ (disappoint) with himself for making such a silly mistake. But the family’s warm smiles and gentle comfort were 5. ________ (impress) — they didn’t mind the small accident at all. Gradually, Mike became 6. _______ (relax) and started chatting with the family. The spicy kimchi on the table tasted 7. _________ (please) — it was hotter than he expected but full of flavor. He found the family’s stories about Korean festivals 8. _______ (amaze) — the traditions were totally different from his own. After three hours of eating and talking, the long dinner felt a bit 9. _________ (tire), but Mike didn’t want to leave. He never felt 10. _________ (bore) during the night — every part of the dinner was a new and interesting experience. 答案： 1. confused 2. surprising 3. embarrassing 4. disappointed 5. impressive 6. relaxed 7. pleasing 8. amazing 9. tiring 10. bored At our school’s International Culture Festival, Leo (from India) faced a lot of 1. ___________ (confuse) — he didn’t know the social rules of other countries. When he met a French student, he tried to shake hands, but soon realized it was 2. _________ (proper) for their 3. ____________ (tradition) greeting (which is a kiss on the cheek). Later, at the food booth, Leo learned that table 4. ____________ (manner) vary a lot: in Japan, a small 5. __________ (serve) of food is usually placed in each person’s bowl. It’s 6. ______________ (common) to see people use forks in Thailand, as most people eat with spoons and forks together. When Leo gave a speech about Indian culture, he dressed 7. ____________ (formal) in traditional clothes. A(n) 8. ___________ (embarrass) moment came when he accidentally called a Korean student by the wrong name — he felt sorry immediately. These 9. ______________ (culture) differences made the festival more interesting. At the end of the day, Leo 10. ____________ (receive) a souvenir from a Mexican student, and they promised to keep in touch. 答案： 1. confusion 2. improper 3. traditional 4. manners 5. serving 6. uncommon 7. formally 8. embarrassing 9. cultural 10. received 七、根据汉语意思，完成句子 1. 但英式餐桌礼仪太令人困惑了，我有点担心。 But English __________ __________ are so __________ that I'm a little __________. 2. 带个小礼物，但除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。 Bring a __________ __________, but don't __________ __________ unless the __________ asks you __________. 3. 还有，记得等主人开动后你再吃。 And __________ to __________ __________ the __________ to start __________ you eat. 4. 如果你感到困惑，看看其他人怎么做。 If you __________ __________, __________ what everyone else __________. 5. 上个月我在一个派对上有了一些尴尬的经历后，他们帮我更多地了解了这里的习俗。 They __________ me to learn __________ about the __________ here after I __________ some __________ experiences at __________ __________ last month. 6. 准时或晚几分钟是正常的，但早到可能会带来麻烦。 It's __________ to be __________ __________ or __________ __________ minutes late, but __________ early can __________ problems. 7. 第三，你应该始终根据场合着装。 Third, you __________ __________ try to __________ __________ the __________. 8. 第四，除非你很了解对方，否则最好不要问私人问题。 Fourth, it's __________ __________ to ask __________ questions unless you __________ the __________ __________ well. 9. 最后但同样重要的是，尽量在任何可能的时候说法语。 __________ __________ not least, __________ __________ you __________ French __________ you can. 10. 我会在他们家待两周，而且我有点紧张！ I'll be __________ with __________ __________ for __________ __________ weeks, and I'm a little __________. 答案： 1. table, manners, confusing, worried 2. small, gift, bring, food, host, to 3. remember, wait, for, host, before 4. get, confused, watch, does 5. helped, more, customs, had, embarrassing, a, party 6.normal, on, time, a, few, arriving, cause 7. should, always, dress, for, occasion 8.best, not, personal, know, person, quite 9. Last, but, make, sure, use, whenever 10. staying, their, family, two, nervous 八、中译英 1. 中文题：在正式的晚宴场合穿休闲T恤是不合适的。 __________________________________________________________________________ 2. 中文题：当我不小心把法国朋友的名字念错时，那个场景真令人尴尬，我也感到特别窘迫。 __________________________________________________________________________ 3. 中文题：除非你很了解当地的传统习俗，否则不要随意触碰他人的宗教物品。 __________________________________________________________________________ 4. 中文题：上次去日本同学家做客时，我记得要等主人先鞠躬问候后再回礼。 __________________________________________________________________________ 5. 中文题：不同国家的餐桌礼仪差异如此之大，以至于很多游客初到国外时会陷入困惑。 __________________________________________________________________________ 答案： 1. It's improper to wear casual T-shirts on formal dinner occasions. 2. When I pronounced my French friend's name wrong by accident, the scene was really embarrassing, and I felt quite embarrassed. 3.Don't touch others' religious items casually unless you know the local cultural traditions well. 4. Last time I visited my Japanese classmate's home, I remembered to wait for the host to greet me with a bow before I returned the greeting. 5. The differences in table manners between different countries are so large that many travelers will fall into confusion when they first arrive abroad. 九、阅读理解 阅读理解一： 阅读材料 When you visit a Japanese friend’s home for the first time, there are many special rules you need to follow—small mistakes might make others feel uncomfortable. First, you must take off your shoes at the entrance. Japanese people believe shoes carry dirt from outside, so wearing them indoors is seen as rude. You should put your shoes in the shoe rack neatly, with the toes facing the door (it’s easier to put them on when you leave). Second, bowing is more than just a greeting. The degree of the bow shows different levels of respect: a 15-degree bow is for saying “hello” or “thank you” to friends; a 30-degree bow is used when you meet elders or apologize; a deep 45-degree bow is only for serious situations like saying “I’m truly sorry”. Third, gift-giving has strict taboos. You should never bring gifts in sets of four—because the Japanese word for “four” sounds the same as the word for “death”. Also, gifts should be wrapped nicely, but avoid white wrapping paper (it’s connected to funerals). Common gifts include tea, cookies, or small plants. At dinner, wait for the host to say “itadakimasu” (which means “I will receive this food”) before you start eating. Never stick your chopsticks upright in the rice—this looks like the incense sticks used at funerals, which is a serious taboo. If you need to put chopsticks down, place them on the chopstick rest, not on the table. 题目 1. Why do Japanese people ask guests to take off shoes indoors? A. To keep the floor clean. B. To make guests feel relaxed. C. To show that shoes are not expensive. D. To follow a new popular trend. 2. A 30-degree bow is proper when you ______. A. greet a close friend B. say sorry to an old man C. thank a classmate D. meet a stranger for the first time 3. The word “taboos” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. special gifts B. polite behaviors C. forbidden things D. funny stories 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. White is a lucky color in Japan. B. “Itadakimasu” is said after eating. C. Chopsticks can be put on the table freely. D. Giving 4 cookies as a gift is impolite. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. How to bow politely in Japan. B. Rules for visiting a Japanese home. C. Taboos of gift-giving in Japan. D. Differences between Japanese and Western dinners. 答案： 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 阅读理解二： 阅读材料 Many people think Día de los Muertos (the Day of the Dead) is a sad festival, but in Mexico, it’s a joyful time to remember and honor deceased family members. This festival is held on November 1st and 2nd. Families clean the graves of their loved ones and decorate them with colorful flowers (like marigolds, which are believed to guide the dead back home), photos, and favorite foods of the deceased. Some families also build “ofrendas” (altars) in their homes—these altars are filled with the person’s favorite drinks, candies, and even toys (if the deceased was a child). When you visit a Mexican family during Día de los Muertos, there are some rules to follow. First, never say “I’m sorry for your loss”—the festival is about celebrating the lives of the dead, not feeling sad. Second, you should accept the food the host offers you. Refusing it is seen as impolite, even if you’re full. The most common food at this time is “calaveras de azúcar” (sugar skulls), which are decorated with bright colors—they represent the joy of the festival, not fear of death. Also, it’s good to talk about the deceased family members. Asking questions like “What was your grandma’s favorite food?” shows that you respect their traditions. Avoid talking about sad things; instead, share happy stories if you have any. 题目 1. What is the true meaning of Día de los Muertos in Mexico? A. A time to feel sad about the dead. B. A festival to celebrate the lives of deceased loved ones. C. A day to clean graves and say goodbye to the dead. D. A time to buy sugar skulls for children. 2. Marigolds are used in the festival because ______. A. they are the cheapest flowers B. they have bright colors C. they are believed to lead the dead back home D. they are the deceased’s favorite flowers 3. The word “deceased” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______. A. dead B. living C. young D. old 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Refusing the host’s food is polite. B. Sugar skulls are a symbol of fear. C. Talking about happy stories of the dead is welcome. D. “I’m sorry for your loss” is a proper sentence to say. 5. What’s the writer’s attitude towards Día de los Muertos? A. It’s a scary festival. B. It’s a joyful and meaningful tradition. C. It’s a waste of time and money. D. It’s too complicated to understand. 答案： 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 十、完形填空 Last summer, I visited my Thai friend Maya in Bangkok. Before the trip, Maya told me to 1 ______ a small gift—she said it’s a common way to show kindness to hosts. I picked a box of Chinese tea, hoping her family would like it. When I arrived at Maya’s house, she greeted me with a “wai” (a traditional Thai greeting: pressing palms together). She taught me that the 2 ______ of the hands shows respect: hands at chest level for friends, and higher for elders. I tried to make the 3 ______ “wai” and Maya laughed, saying I did well. Maya’s mother led me into the living room and asked me to 4 ______ my shoes at the door. “Shoes bring dirt indoors,” she explained. I 5 ______ put my shoes next to others, and she gave me soft slippers. Then she offered me a glass of coconut water—cold and sweet, it was exactly what I needed on the hot day. At lunch, the table was full of dishes: green curry, pad thai, and fresh mango. Maya warned me not to 6 ______ food with my left hand. “We use the left hand for unclean tasks,” she said quietly. I nodded and used my right hand to 7 ______ some curry with rice. When Maya’s father asked if I wanted more, I said “yes” even though I was almost full—I didn’t want to 8 ______ him by saying I’d had enough. After lunch, Maya took me to a nearby temple. She told me to 9 ______ my shoulders and knees—temple rules require visitors to dress modestly. I borrowed a scarf from her to cover my knees. Inside the temple, we walked 10 ______—talking loudly is not allowed. I watched locals leave small flowers at the statue, and Maya said it’s their way to 11 ______ their wishes. When I left in the evening, Maya’s family walked me to the door. I 12 ______ goodbye and made a “wai” again. Maya smiled and said, “Remember, 13 ______ small customs helps you get closer to people here.” Her words made me think: learning about other cultures isn’t just about 14 ______ rules—it’s about understanding how people show care. This trip taught me that every culture has its own beauty. If we take time to notice and follow these small customs, we can 15 ______ deeper connections with people around the world. 1. A. prepare B. sell C. throw D. break 2. A. shape B. height C. color D. size 3. A. wrong B. silly C. proper D. funny 4. A. find B. wash C. repair D. remove 5. A. carefully B. carelessly C. quickly D. slowly 6. A. cook B. eat C. buy D. share 7. A. pour B. mix C. drink D. cut 8. A. interest B. surprise C. disappoint D. excite 9. A. cover B. show C. wash D. touch 10. A. happily B. quietly C. angrily D. proudly 11. A. express B. forget C. change D. hide 12. A. shouted B. cried C. whispered D. waved 13. A. following B. making C. breaking D. inventing 14. A. writing B. remembering C. creating D. changing 15. A. destroy B. avoid C. build D. lose 答案： 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 七、根据汉语意思，完成句子 1. 但英式餐桌礼仪太令人困惑了，我有点担心。 But English __________ __________ are so __________ that I'm a little __________. 2. 带个小礼物，但除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。 Bring a __________ __________, but don't __________ __________ unless the __________ asks you __________. 3. 还有，记得等主人开动后你再吃。 And __________ to __________ __________ the __________ to start __________ you eat. 4. 如果你感到困惑，看看其他人怎么做。 If you __________ __________, __________ what everyone else __________. 5. 上个月我在一个派对上有了一些尴尬的经历后，他们帮我更多地了解了这里的习俗。 They __________ me to learn __________ about the __________ here after I __________ some __________ experiences at __________ __________ last month. 6. 准时或晚几分钟是正常的，但早到可能会带来麻烦。 It's __________ to be __________ __________ or __________ __________ minutes late, but __________ early can __________ problems. 7. 第三，你应该始终根据场合着装。 Third, you __________ __________ try to __________ __________ the __________. 8. 第四，除非你很了解对方，否则最好不要问私人问题。 Fourth, it's __________ __________ to ask __________ questions unless you __________ the __________ __________ well. 9. 最后但同样重要的是，尽量在任何可能的时候说法语。 __________ __________ not least, __________ __________ you __________ French __________ you can. 10. 我会在他们家待两周，而且我有点紧张！ I'll be __________ with __________ __________ for __________ __________ weeks, and I'm a little __________. 答案： 1. table, manners, confusing, worried 2. small, gift, bring, food, host, to 3. remember, wait, for, host, before 4. get, confused, watch, does 5. helped, more, customs, had, embarrassing, a, party 6.normal, on, time, a, few, arriving, cause 7. should, always, dress, for, occasion 8.best, not, personal, know, person, quite 9. Last, but, make, sure, use, whenever 10. staying, their, family, two, nervous T h a n ks for watching. Lavf58.12.100 放松 Relax DJMag/DJ Wave/赵允哲 Blues 129180.305 $ 目录 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Time to Relax Growing Up Nature's Temper Stay Healthy A Good Read The Wonders of Nature Crossing Cultures Making a Difference Unit 6 1 UNIT  6 Crossing Cultures BIG Question What natural disasters have you ever encountered? In this unit,you will 1.talk about different nature disasters. 2.describe the disasters to your friend. 3.Learn to deal with various natural disasters. Look and share 1.What natural disaster is happening in the picture? 2.When and where is likely to happen? 3 How do you feel about the natural disaster ? 2 人教版英语八年级下册 Free Crystal 词汇 3 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 1.shake用法讲解 ·shake /ʃeɪk/ v. 与（某人）握手；摇动 ·语法知识点：不规则动词，过去式 shook /ʃʊk/，过去分词 shaken /ˈʃeɪkən/ ·例句：He shook my hand warmly when we met.（我们见面时，他热情地和我握了手。） ·短语：shake hands (with sb.) （与某人）握手；shake up 使震惊；改组 4 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 2.bow用法讲解 ·bow /baʊ/ v.&n. 鞠躬 ·语法知识点：作动词时为规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为 bowed；作名词时为可数名词，复数形式 bows ·例句：She bowed to the audience after her performance.（她表演结束后向观众鞠躬。） ·短语：bow down to 屈服于；鞠躬致敬 5 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 3.bump用法讲解 ·bump /bʌmp/ v. 碰；撞；n. 碰撞；（撞击造成的）肿块 ·语法知识点：作动词时为规则动词，过去式和过去分词 bumped；作名词为可数名词，复数 bumps ·例句：I bumped my head against the wall accidentally.（我不小心把头撞到了墙上。） ·短语：bump into 偶然遇见；bump against 撞到…… 上 6 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 4.fist用法讲解 ·fist /fɪst/ n. 拳头 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 fists ·例句：He clenched his fist in anger.（他气得攥紧了拳头。） ·短语：make a fist 握拳；clench one's fist 攥紧拳头 7 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 5.rub用法讲解 ·rub /rʌb/ v. 摩擦；擦 ·语法知识点：规则动词，过去式和过去分词 rubbed；现在分词 rubbing ·例句：She rubbed her hands to keep warm.（她搓着手取暖。） ·短语：rub off 擦掉；rub against 摩擦 8 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 6.kiss用法讲解 ·kiss /kɪs/ v. 亲吻；n. 吻 ·语法知识点：作动词为规则动词，过去式和过去分词 kissed；作名词为可数名词，复数 kisses ·例句：The mother kissed her baby goodnight.（妈妈亲吻宝宝道晚安。） ·短语：blow a kiss 飞吻；kiss goodbye 吻别 9 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 7.cheek用法讲解 ·cheek /tʃiːk/ n. 脸颊 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 cheeks ·例句：Tears rolled down her cheeks.（眼泪从她的脸颊滚落。） ·短语：cheek to cheek 脸贴脸；kiss sb. on the cheek 亲吻某人的脸颊 10 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 8.hug用法讲解 ·hug /hʌɡ/ v.&n. 拥抱 ·语法知识点：作动词为规则动词，过去式和过去分词 hugged；作名词为可数名词，复数 hugs ·例句：They hugged each other tightly when they met again.（他们重逢时紧紧相拥。） ·短语：give sb. a hug 给某人一个拥抱；hug oneself 暗自庆幸 11 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 9.embarrassed用法讲解 ·embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ adj. 尴尬的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由动词 embarrass 加后缀 - ed 构成，常用来描述人的感受；其对应的 - ing 形式 embarrassing 表示 “令人尴尬的”，修饰事物 ·例句：He felt embarrassed when he made a mistake in public.（他当众出错时感到很尴尬。） ·短语：be embarrassed about 对…… 感到尴尬 12 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 10.confused 用法讲解 ·confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ adj. 困惑的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由动词 confuse 加后缀 - ed 构成，描述人的感受；-ing 形式 confusing 表示 “令人困惑的”，修饰事物 ·例句：The little boy looked confused when he heard the strange words.（小男孩听到陌生的话语后，看起来很困惑。） ·短语：be confused about 对…… 感到困惑 13 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 11.formal用法讲解 ·formal /ˈfɔːml/ adj. 正式的 ·语法知识点：形容词，反义词为 informal；可作定语或表语 ·例句：We need to wear formal clothes to the wedding.（我们需要穿正装参加婚礼。） ·短语：formal dress 正装；formal language 正式用语 14 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 12.curry用法讲解 ·curry /ˈkʌri/ n. 咖喱菜 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 curries ·例句：My mother makes delicious chicken curry.（我妈妈做的咖喱鸡很美味。） ·短语：curry rice 咖喱饭；beef curry 咖喱牛肉 15 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 13.rude用法讲解 ·rude /ruːd/ adj. 粗鲁的 ·语法知识点：形容词，比较级 ruder，最高级 rudest；副词形式为 rudely ·例句：It's rude to interrupt others when they are talking.（别人说话时插嘴是不礼貌的。） ·短语：be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁 16 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 14.uncommon用法讲解 ·uncommon /ʌnˈkɒmən/ adj. 罕见的；不寻常的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由 common 加前缀 un - 构成；反义词为 common；可作定语或表语 ·例句：It is uncommon to see snow in this city.（在这座城市看到雪是很罕见的。） ·短语：uncommon sense 非凡的见识 17 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 15.palm用法讲解 ·palm /pɑːm/ n. 手掌 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 palms ·例句：She wrote a few words on the palm of her hand.（她在手掌上写了几个字。） ·短语：palm tree 棕榈树；cross one's palms 付钱 18 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 16.namaste用法讲解 ·namaste 短语，有礼了（印度人行合十礼时口中所念之词） ·语法知识点：感叹词，常用于日常问候或道别 ·例句：People in India say "namaste" when they greet each other.（印度人见面时会说 “有礼了”。） ·短语：无固定搭配，多用于礼仪场景 19 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 17.fork用法讲解 ·fork /fɔːk/ n. 叉子 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 forks ·例句：Use a fork to eat Western food.（吃西餐要用叉子。） ·短语：table fork 餐叉；fork and knife 刀叉 20 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 18.Indian用法讲解 ·Indian /ˈɪndiən/ adj. 印度的；印度人的；n. 印度人 ·语法知识点：作形容词时可作定语；作名词时为可数名词，复数 Indians ·例句：She likes Indian food very much.（她非常喜欢印度菜。） ·短语：Indian culture 印度文化 21 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 19.manner用法讲解 ·manner /ˈmænə(r)/ n. 方式；（pl. manners）礼仪 ·语法知识点：单数形式侧重 “方式、方法”；复数形式 manners 特指 “礼仪、礼貌” ·例句：She speaks in a gentle manner.（她说话方式很温和。） ·短语：good manners 有礼貌；bad manners 没礼貌 22 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 20.so...that用法讲解 ·so...that 短语，如此…… 以至于…… ·语法知识点：引导结果状语从句，so 后接形容词或副词 ·例句：He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（他太累了，立刻就睡着了。） ·短语：无独立搭配，用于从句结构 23 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 21.confusing用法讲解 ·confusing /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/ adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由动词 confuse 加后缀 - ing 构成，修饰事物；其对应的 - ed 形式 confused 描述人的感受 ·例句：The instructions are very confusing.（这些说明非常令人费解。） ·短语：a confusing problem 一个令人困惑的问题 24 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 22.unless用法讲解 ·unless /ənˈles/ conj. 除非；如果不 ·语法知识点：引导条件状语从句，相当于 if...not，遵循 “主将从现” 原则（主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来） ·例句：I won't go to the party unless I am invited.（除非我被邀请，否则我不会去参加派对。） ·短语：无固定搭配，用于从句引导 25 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 23.proper用法讲解 ·proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 恰当的；正确的 ·语法知识点：形容词，副词形式为 properly；可作定语或表语 ·例句：You should use proper words in the report.（你应该在报告中使用恰当的措辞。） ·短语：proper time 合适的时间；proper way 正确的方法 26 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 24.sit up用法讲解 ·sit up 短语，坐直 ·语法知识点：动词短语，由 “动词 + 副词” 构成，可用于祈使句 ·例句：The teacher told the students to sit up straight.（老师让学生们坐直。） ·短语：sit up late 熬夜 27 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 25.keep...off用法讲解 ·keep...off 短语，使不碰到；使避开 ·语法知识点：动词短语，“keep + 宾语 + off + 宾语” 结构，off 为介词 ·例句：Keep your hands off the wet paint.（别碰未干的油漆。） ·短语：keep off the grass 请勿践踏草坪 28 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 26.elbow用法讲解 ·elbow /ˈelbəʊ/ n. 手肘 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 elbows ·例句：He rested his elbows on the table.（他把胳膊肘搁在桌子上。） ·短语：elbow room 活动空间；rub elbows with 与…… 交往 29 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 27.serving用法讲解 ·serving /ˈsɜːvɪŋ/ adj. 分菜用的；n. 一份食物 ·语法知识点：作形容词时为定语形容词；作名词时为可数名词，复数 servings ·例句：This is a serving spoon for the soup.（这是分汤用的勺子。） ·短语：a serving of rice 一份米饭 30 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 28.chopstick用法讲解 ·chopstick /ˈtʃɒpstɪk/ n. 筷子 ·语法知识点：可数名词，通常用复数形式 chopsticks ·例句：It takes practice to use chopsticks well.（用好筷子需要练习。） ·短语：a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子 31 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 29.serving chopsticks用法讲解 ·serving chopsticks 短语，公筷 ·语法知识点：名词短语，由 serving 作定语修饰 chopsticks ·例句：We should use serving chopsticks when eating with others.（和别人一起吃饭时应该使用公筷。） ·短语：无固定搭配，为专用名词短语 32 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 30.embarrassing用法讲解 ·embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ adj. 使人难堪的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由动词 embarrass 加后缀 - ing 构成，修饰事物；-ed 形式 embarrassed 描述人的感受 ·例句：It was an embarrassing moment for him.（那对他来说是个尴尬的时刻。） ·短语：an embarrassing mistake 一个令人难堪的错误 33 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 31.be/get used to用法讲解 ·be/get used to 短语，习惯于 ·语法知识点：to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词 ·例句：She has got used to living in the countryside.（她已经习惯了住在乡下。） ·短语：无拓展搭配，注意与 used to do（过去常常做）区分 34 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 32.cultural用法讲解 ·cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj. 与文化有关的；文化的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由名词 culture 加后缀 - al 构成；可作定语 ·例句：We should respect different cultural traditions.（我们应该尊重不同的文化传统。） ·短语：cultural differences 文化差异；cultural heritage 文化遗产 35 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 33.hear from用法讲解 ·hear from 短语，得到…… 消息 ·语法知识点：动词短语，后接表示人的名词或代词 ·例句：I haven't heard from my friend for a long time.（我很久没有收到我朋友的消息了。） ·短语：无固定拓展搭配 36 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 34.custom用法讲解 ·custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 习俗 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 customs；注意与 customs（海关）区分 ·例句：It's a local custom to eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival.（中秋节吃月饼是当地的习俗。） ·短语：social customs 社会习俗；follow the custom 遵循习俗 37 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 35.occasion用法讲解 ·occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/ n. 场合；重大活动 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 occasions ·例句：This is a formal occasion, so dress properly.（这是个正式场合，所以要着装得体。） ·短语：on occasion 偶尔；on this occasion 在这个场合 38 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 36.nicely用法讲解 ·nicely /ˈnaɪsli/ adv. 漂亮地；令人愉快地 ·语法知识点：副词，由形容词 nice 加后缀 - ly 构成，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词 ·例句：She sang nicely at the concert.（她在音乐会上唱得很好听。） ·短语：do nicely 做得不错；look nicely 看起来不错 39 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 37.blouse用法讲解 ·blouse /blaʊz/ n. （女式）衬衫或短上衣 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 blouses ·例句：She bought a new silk blouse yesterday.（她昨天买了一件新的丝绸女式衬衫。） ·短语：a cotton blouse 棉质女式衬衫 40 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 38.private 用法讲解 ·private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 不喜欢谈论私事的；私人的 ·语法知识点：形容词，反义词为 public；副词形式为 privately ·例句：He is a very private person and never talks about his family.（他是个很注重隐私的人，从不谈论自己的家庭。） ·短语：private life 私生活；private school 私立学校 41 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 39.whether用法讲解 ·whether /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否 ·语法知识点：可引导宾语从句、主语从句等，常与 or not 连用 ·例句：I don't know whether she will come to the party or not.（我不知道她是否会来参加派对。） ·短语：whether...or not 是否 42 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 40.married用法讲解 ·married /ˈmærid/ adj. 已婚的；结婚的 ·语法知识点：形容词，可作表语或定语；动词形式为 marry ·例句：She has been married for ten years.（她已经结婚十年了。） ·短语：get married 结婚；be married to sb. 与某人结婚 43 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 41.merci用法讲解 ·merci 短语，谢谢（法语） ·语法知识点：感叹词，用于日常感谢场景 ·例句：When you receive a gift in France, you can say "merci".（在法国收到礼物时，你可以说 “谢谢”。） ·短语：merci beaucoup 非常感谢（法语） 44 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 42.go a long way用法讲解 ·go a long way 短语，帮助很大 ·语法知识点：动词短语，常用于口语 ·例句：A little kindness can go a long way.（一点善意就能帮上大忙。） ·短语：无固定拓展搭配 45 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 43.au revoir用法讲解 ·au revoir 短语，再见（法语） ·语法知识点：感叹词，用于道别场景 ·例句：They waved and said "au revoir" to their French friends.（他们挥手向法国朋友道别。） ·短语：无固定搭配，为常用道别语 46 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 44.unsafe用法讲解 ·unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj. 不安全的；危险的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由 safe 加前缀 un - 构成；反义词为 safe ·例句：It is unsafe to walk alone at night in this area.（晚上在这个地区独自走路不安全。） ·短语：unsafe condition 不安全的状况 47 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 45.improper用法讲解 ·improper /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 不合适的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由 proper 加前缀 im - 构成；反义词为 proper；副词形式 improperly ·例句：His improper behavior made everyone uncomfortable.（他不当的行为让所有人都不舒服。） ·短语：improper use 不当使用 48 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 46.informal用法讲解 ·informal /ɪnˈfɔːml/ adj. 非正式的 ·语法知识点：形容词，由 formal 加前缀 in - 构成；反义词为 formal ·例句：We can wear informal clothes to the picnic.（我们可以穿休闲装去野餐。） ·短语：informal conversation 非正式交谈 49 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 47.jeans用法讲解 ·jeans /dʒiːnz/ n. 牛仔裤 ·语法知识点：复数名词，无单数形式，常与 a pair of 连用 ·例句：He wears a pair of blue jeans every day.（他每天都穿一条蓝色牛仔裤。） ·短语：a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤；denim jeans 牛仔长裤 50 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 48.marry用法讲解 ·marry /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚；娶；嫁 ·语法知识点：及物动词，marry sb. 表示 “与某人结婚”；不及物动词时常用 get married ·例句：She married a doctor last year.（她去年嫁给了一位医生。） ·短语：marry into a family 嫁到某家 51 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 49.congratulate用法讲解 ·congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/ v. 祝贺 ·语法知识点：及物动词，常用搭配 congratulate sb. on sth. ·例句：We congratulate him on his success.（我们祝贺他取得成功。） ·短语：congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 52 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 50.Asian用法讲解 ·Asian /ˈeɪʃn/ adj. 亚洲的；n. 亚洲人 ·语法知识点：作形容词时可作定语；作名词时为可数名词，复数 Asians ·例句：China is an Asian country with a long history.（中国是一个历史悠久的亚洲国家。） ·短语：Asian Games 亚运会 53 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 51.tradition用法讲解 ·tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 traditions；形容词形式为 traditional ·例句：It's a tradition to give red envelopes during the Spring Festival.（春节发红包是一种传统。） ·短语：cultural tradition 文化传统；follow the tradition 遵循传统 54 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 52.firstly 用法讲解 ·firstly /ˈfɜːstli/ adv. 第一；首先 ·语法知识点：副词，常用于列举观点，可与 secondly、thirdly 连用 ·例句：Firstly, we need to make a plan.（首先，我们需要制定一个计划。） ·短语：无固定搭配，用于列举开头 55 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 53.secondly用法讲解 ·secondly /ˈsekəndli/ adv. 第二；其次 ·语法知识点：副词，用于列举观点，承接 firstly ·例句：Secondly, we should prepare all the materials.（其次，我们应该准备好所有材料。） ·短语：无固定搭配，用于列举承接 56 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 54.thirdly用法讲解 ·thirdly /ˈθɜːdli/ adv. 第三 ·语法知识点：副词，用于列举观点，承接 secondly ·例句：Thirdly, we need to check the details carefully.（第三，我们需要仔细检查细节。） ·短语：无固定搭配，用于列举承接 57 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 55.correctly用法讲解 ·correctly /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地；得体地 ·语法知识点：副词，由形容词 correct 加后缀 - ly 构成，修饰动词 ·例句：Please answer the question correctly.（请正确回答这个问题。） ·短语：无固定搭配，修饰动作 58 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 56.receive 用法讲解 ·receive /rɪˈsiːv/ v. 收到 ·语法知识点：及物动词，反义词为 send；名词形式为 reception ·例句：I received a letter from my pen pal yesterday.（我昨天收到了笔友的一封信。） ·短语：receive a gift 收到礼物；receive an invitation 收到邀请 59 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 57.sign-off用法讲解 ·sign-off /ˈsaɪn ɒf/ n. 结束写信 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 sign-offs ·例句："Best wishes" is a common sign-off in letters.（“祝好” 是信件中常用的结尾语。） ·短语：无固定搭配，为书信专用名词 60 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 58.main用法讲解 ·main /meɪn/ adj. 主要的 ·语法知识点：形容词，常作定语；副词形式为 mainly ·例句：The main reason for his success is hard work.（他成功的主要原因是努力工作。） ·短语：main idea 主旨；main street 主干道 61 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 59.in one's forties用法讲解 ·in one's forties 短语，在某人四十多岁时 ·语法知识点：用于描述年龄区间，结构为 “in one's + 整十数复数形式” ·例句：He achieved great success in his forties.（他在四十多岁时取得了巨大成功。） ·短语：in one's twenties 在某人二十多岁时；in one's thirties 在某人三十多岁时 62 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 60.false用法讲解 ·false /fɔːls/ adj. 错误的；不真实的 ·语法知识点：形容词，反义词为 true；副词形式为 falsely ·例句：The news he told us was false.（他告诉我们的消息是假的。） ·短语：false information 虚假信息；false impression 错误印象 63 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 61.impression用法讲解 ·impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象 ·语法知识点：可数名词，复数形式 impressions；动词形式为 impress ·例句：She left a deep impression on me.（她给我留下了深刻的印象。） ·短语：make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象 64 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 62.cheer用法讲解 ·cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ n. 欢呼；v. 庆祝 ·语法知识点：作动词时为及物或不及物动词；作名词时为可数名词，复数 cheers ·例句：The crowd cheered loudly when the team won.（球队获胜时，人群大声欢呼。） ·短语：cheer up 振作起来；cheer for 为…… 欢呼 65 UNIT  6 Vocaubulary 63.cheers用法讲解 ·cheers /tʃɪəz/ interj. 再见；干杯 ·语法知识点：感叹词，常用于口语，英式英语中使用较多 ·例句：Cheers! Let's celebrate our victory.（干杯！让我们庆祝胜利。） ·短语：无固定搭配，为口语常用语 PPT制作：Free Crystal 设计：Free Crystal 66 $ 目录 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Time to Relax Growing Up Nature's Temper Stay Healthy A Good Read The Wonders of Nature Crossing Cultures Making a Difference Unit 6 1 UNIT  6 Crossing Cultures BIG Question How do we communicate with people from different cultures? Look and share 1.What Chinese cultural elements can you see in the photo? 2.Do you think the girl in the photo likes to learn about Chinese culture?How do you know? Crossing Cultures In this unit,you will 1.talk about different customs around the world. 2.describe customs and explain what they mean. 3.use adverbial clauses withs...that,unless,and as soon as to show result,condition,or time. 4.understand cultural ifferences and know how to behave in different cultures. 2 UNIT  6 Crossing Cultures PPT制作：Free Crystal 设计：Free Crystal 人教版英语八年级下册 Free Crystal Part B 4 What should you know before you attend a party in a foreign country? How to greet the host What should you know before you attend a party in a foreign country? Table manners What should you know before you attend a party in a foreign country? What gifts to bring What should you know before you attend a party in a foreign country? How to greet the host Arrival time When to say goodbye Safe conversation topics □√ arrival time √□table manners √□how to dress □how to thank others √□safe conversation topics √□ topics to avoid √□how to greet the host √ □what gifts to bring √□when to say goodbye CTIo B How do we show respect to other What should you know before you attend a party in a foreign country?Tick the topics that you think are important. 56 UNIT 6 1a cultures? Hi Diana, It's so great to hear from you.Life in Paris is pretty good! make some friends.They helped me to learn more about the customs here after I had some embarrassing experiences at a party last month.I'd like to share some tips with you. First,you shouldn't arrive early to a party.It's normal to be on time or a few minutes late,but arriving early can cause problems.Once,I arrived 10 minutes early to a party.Usually that's the polite thing to do, right?But my friend looked so surprised to see me!He was still getting everything ready. Read Nancy's email about party manners in France.Underline the topic Identifying topic sentences A topic sentence gives the main idea of a paragraph.It usually appears at the start of a paragraph,but it can also appear later on.Identifying the topic sentences can help you quickly understand a text. 56 UNIT 6 To diana@frenchlearning.com From nancy@student.com Subject Re:How's life in France? I was a little lonely at first,but I'm starting to Second,it's important to bring a gift when you visit someone.When l attended my friend's party,I didn't bring anything.It wasn't his birthday, but everyone else brought gifts like chocolates or flowers to thank him for the party.I was so embarrassed! Third,you should always try to dress for the occasion.At tat party it was surprising to see how nicely everyone was dressed.It was summer, so lwas just wearing asimple blouse and shorts.But everyone else was dressed so well that I felt silly. Fourth,it's best not to ask personal questions unless you know the person quite well.Many French people are quite private.They don't like it when others ask them about their age,their family,whether they are married, or how much money they make.Food and culture,however,are safe conversation topics. 56 UNIT 6 结构：It + be + 形容词/名词 + to do sth. to do sth 表动作目的，不定式做目的状语 不定式做主语补足语，形式主语it 结构 引导时间状语从句 引导条件状语从句 so +形容词/副词+that 从句( 结果状语从句） 不定式的否定形式 Last but not least,make sure you use French whenever you can.Lots of people speak English here,but you can develop closer relalionships with them if you use French.It's very important in their culture.I found that even a simple "merci"goes a long way!You'll see what I mean as soon as you get here! Au revoir! Nancy Send A ◎ 回 ② Crossing Cultures 引导时间状语从句 What is a topic sentence? 1C Read the email again and answer the questions. 1.How did Nancy feel at the beginning of her stay in France? She felt nervous and unsure (or “a bit anxious” “not very confident”) because she was in a new country with different customs and language. 2.What were the three mistakes that Nancy made at the party? - She greeted people with a kiss on both cheeks (which was inappropriate for the situation or the people). - She asked someone about their salary (which is considered impolite in France). - She stayed too long at the party without noticing social cues to leave. . Crossing Cultures 3.What should you not ask about when talking to someone in France? You should not ask about salary, age (especially for women), or personal finances (these are considered private and impolite topics). 4.Why does Nancy ask Diana to speak in French whenever possible? Because she wants to improve her French and get used to the language, so she can communicate better and adapt to life in France. 5.What can you learn from Nancy's experiences of being in a new country? We can learn that cultural differences exist, and it’s important to be aware of local customs and etiquette (to avoid misunderstandings). Also, we should be open to learning, ask for help when needed, and embrace the process of adapting to a new culture. . Crossing Cultures In pairs,use the mind map in 1d to brainstorm tips for Chinese parties.Give each other advice on what to do. A:What should I take with me to the party? B:You could take some fruit or flowers. How to dress Always try to dress for the occasion. Attending French parties Conversation topics Avoid personal questions like age, family, marriage, and income. Food and culture are safe topics. i Getting along with others Use French whenever possible to develop closer relationships. ① Arrival time Don't arrive early. It's normal to be on time or a few minutes late. Gifts Bring a gift like chocolates or flowers when visiting someone Crossing Cultures Read again and complete the mind map with the tips from the email. In pairs,use the mind map in 1d to brainstorm tips for Chinese parties.Give each other advice on what to do. A:What should I take with me to the party? B:You could take some fruit or flowers. 1.She felt a little lonely at the beginning of her stay in France. 2.The three mistakes are: She arrived 10 minutes early to the party. She didn’t bring any gifts to the party. She didn’t dress properly for the party. 3.You should not ask about their age, family, marriage status, or how much money they make. 4.Because using French can help develop closer relationships with French people, and it’s very important in their culture. 5.We should learn about the local customs and manners before taking part in activities (like parties) in a new country. This helps avoid embarrassment and shows respect for the local culture. Crossing Cultures 语法秘籍 ------- ------- ------- un friendly un tidy 语法秘籍 ------- ------- ------- un healthy un common 语法秘籍 ------- ------- ------- in formal 语法秘籍 ------- ------- ------- in direct 语法秘籍 ------- ------- ------- im proper 语法秘籍 ------- ------- ------- im polite un-: unsafe,..unfriendly, uninteresting, untidy, unhealthy, uncommon, unhappy im-/in-: improper,informal, …impossible, imperfect, unimportant Vocabulary in Use 2a Write down the negative forms of the adjectives in the box using un-or im-/in-. safe tidy proper formal possible healthy perfect important friendly common interesting happy 58 UNIT 6 Vocabulary in Use 2a Write down the negative forms of the adjectives in the box using un-or im-/in-. 58 UNIT 6 一、前缀 un-（通用型，可接形容词、副词、动词、名词） 1. 形容词 happy → unhappy（不开心的） kind → unkind（不友善的） usual → unusual（不寻常的） lucky → unlucky（不幸的） 2. 副词easily → uneasily（不安地）usually → unusually（不寻常地） 3. 动词lock → unlock（解锁）do → undo（解开） 4. 名词rest → unrest（不安）fair → unfairness（不公平） 二、前缀 im-（后接 b/m/p 开头的词，多接形容词、名词） 1. 形容词 possible → impossible（不可能的） polite → impolite（不礼貌的） moral → immoral（不道德的）2. 名词patience → impatience（不耐烦）maturity → immaturity（不成熟） 三、前缀 in-（后接 c/d/f/g 等非 b/m/p/l/r 开头的词，多接形容词、名词） 1. 形容词active → inactive（不活跃的）direct → indirect（间接的）formal → informal（非正式的） 2. 名词ability → inability（无能）justice → injustice（不公） 2b Complete the sentences with the negative forms of the adjectives in brackets. 1.Saying “hi”is an informal way to greet others.(formal) 2.It is impolite to point at people in many countries.(polite) 3.In some countries,people feel that it is improper to wear shorts,short skirts,or jeans to places like concert halls.(proper) 4.The host may be unhappy if you don’'t enjoy yourself at their party.(happy) 5.In some cultures,it is OK to be late sometimes.People don't get impatient when their meetings don't start on time.(patient) 58 UNIT 6 2c Circle the correct words to complete the conversations. 1.A:Did you understand the rules?I found them confused/confusing. B:I was confused /confusing at first too,but Mr Thompson explained them to me. 2.A:Isn’t it excited/exciting that James will marry Jennifer next month? B:Yes!I'm so excited /exciting,and I can’t wait to congratulate them. 3.A:Sally was a little embarrassed/embarrassing just now.She wished her friend happy birthday on the wrong date. B:Oh no!That can be embarrassed/embarrassing. 58 UNIT 6 In many Asian countries,it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks. There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks properly Firstly,don't stick your chopsticks into food.That is very bad manners. · Secondly,don't pull dishes close to you with your chopsticks.Thirdly, don't point at others with your chopsticks or wave them about when you talk. Lastly ,hold your chopsticks correctly.Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little challenging .The key thing is to keep trying.With plenty of practice,anyone can learn to use chopsticks well! normal last manner proper challenge 58 UNIT 6 Hi Yaming, One more weektogo!I'm so excited to see you.I'll meet the Zhaos as soon as lland in Shanqhai.I'll be staying with their family for two weeks,and I'm a little nervous!Mr and Mrs Zhao are both in their forties,and they have a son who is younger than me.His grandmother also lives with them. Read Tina's email to Yaming.Label the different parts of the email. A.email topic B.person receiving the email C.person sending the email D.sign-off E. main text F.greeting yaming@student.com tina@student.com Home visit—Help needed! To From Subject 3a Could you give me some advice?Should I bring a gift?In America, we usually bring the host something small,like food.Is that a good idea?Also,what are the right table manners?What are some good conversation topics in China?Is there anything else I should know?I'm worried about doing something silly.It could give people the false impression that I'm a rude person.First impressions are so important thatI don't want to say or do anything wrong! I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon! Cheers, Tina Send A₂ ⑥ 回 ② In China,it's important to bring a gift when... Crossing Cultures ( 59 Brainstorm what shows good manners when visiting a Chinese friend.Discuss your ideas with a partner. ● table manners ● conversation topics · greetings · giving gifts Brainstorm what shows good manners when visiting a Chinese friend.Discuss your ideas with a partner. greetings Table manners Wait for the elders to start eating first. Don't stick chopsticks upright in the rice bowl, and don't tap the bowl with chopsticks. Toast to elders with the glass lower than theirs as a sign of respect. giving gifts conversation topics table manners Bob Betty Talk about safe topics like food, travel, hobbies or Chinese culture. Avoid asking personal questions such as age, salary, or marital status directly. Bring small gifts like fruits, tea or local specialties (avoid clocks, pears or white flowers as they have bad connotations in Chinese culture). . Greetings Greet the friend's family members politely, such as saying "Ni hao" to their parents and elders. Shake hands or nod with a smile when meeting; hug is not common unless you are close friends. Imagine you are Yaming.Write an email to Tina to give some advice. Subject: Re: Home visit—Advice for Your Visit to the Zhao Family Hi Tina, I’m glad to hear you’re excited about your trip! Don’t be nervous—Chinese people are very hospitable, and the Zhao family will surely welcome you warmly. Here’s some advice to help you: - Gifts: Bringing a gift is a good idea. You can choose something like local American snacks, a small decorative item, or fruits (but avoid pears, as the pronunciation sounds like “separation” in Chinese). When giving the gift, use both hands—it’s a gesture of respect. - Table Manners: Wait for the elders (especially Grandma Zhao) to start eating before you do. Don’t stick your chopsticks upright in the rice, and don’t make noise when drinking soup. It’s polite to offer to refill others’ drinks or dishes. - Conversation Topics: You can talk about your interests, your experience in Shanghai, or ask about their hobbies and family. Avoid topics like personal income, age, or political issues. Just be friendly and sincere, and you’ll make a great impression. I’m sure you’ll have a wonderful time! Looking forward to your stories after the visit. Cheers, Yaming Crossing Cultures ( 59 *Project Compare two countries'customs In groups,research the similarities and differences between customs in China and another country.You can choose some topics from the list below Complete the table with your ideas. · greetings ● visiting others ● wearing the right clothes ● table manners · giving and receiving gifts ● good/bad conversation topics Table manners China Brazil Same or different It's not polite to talk with yourmouth full. It's also rude to talk while your mouth is full. same We use chopsticks. Theyuse a knife and fork different The host puts food on guests’ plates people serve themselves different It’s ok to leave a little food on the plate It’s rude to leave much food on the plate . different 60 UNIT 6 0 We researched table manners.In China,it's not polite to talk with your mouth full.In Brazil,it's rude to do that too.In China,we usually use chopsticks.But in Brazil, … Join a different group.Tell them about your research. 60 UNIT 6 0 4c Rejoin your original group.Share what you learnt in the other group. 60 UNIT 6 0 Hello everyone! Our group researched table manners in China and Brazil, and we’d like to share what we found with you. First, let’s talk about a common polite rule. In China, it’s considered very impolite to talk with your mouth full while eating. And guess what? In Brazil, doing that is also seen as rude. This is a nice similarity—both cultures value basic courtesy when it comes to eating and talking. Next, let’s look at the eating tools. In China, we mainly use chopsticks for almost all meals. It’s a traditional tool that’s been used for thousands of years, and there are even special rules for using chopsticks, like not sticking them straight up in the rice. But in Brazil, people use knives and forks for most dishes, just like many Western countries. They rarely use chopsticks unless they’re eating in a Chinese restaurant. There are also some interesting differences in other habits. In China, it’s common for the host to put food on your plate to show hospitality. But in Brazil, people prefer to serve themselves, and it’s not polite for others to put food on their plates without asking. Also, in Brazil, you should finish almost all the food on your plate—leaving a lot of food is thought to mean you don’t like the meal, which would be rude to the cook. In China, though, it’s okay to leave a little food if you’re full, and sometimes it even means you’ve had enough and the host has prepared plenty. Overall, even though China and Brazil have different table manners, they all center around respect and kindness. That’s the most important part of table manners everywhere, right? Thanks for listening! If you have any questions, feel free to ask. 1.What customs from around the world have you learnt? 2.What are some cultural differences between China and other countries? One cultural difference is that Chinese people use chopsticks to eat while people in Western countries use knives and forks. Another difference is that Chinese people often give red envelopes during festivals, but Western people prefer to give gifts like chocolates or flowers. When in Rome,do as the Romans do. Reflecting 60 UNIT 6 0 I have learnt that in Japan, people bow to greet each other, and in Western countries, people usually hug or shake hands when meeting. Also, in some Middle Eastern countries, it's polite to take off your shoes before entering someone's home. 3.Do you understand adverbial clauses with so...that, unless,and as soon as?Can you use them properly? 4.Why do you think it is important to know about cultural differences? When in Rome,do as the Romans do. Reflecting 60 UNIT 6 0 Yes, I understand them. For example: She was so tired that she fell asleep immediately. I won't go to the party unless I finish my homework. As soon as he arrives, we will start the meeting. I can use these conjunctions to make complex sentences correctly. Knowing about cultural differences helps us avoid misunderstandings when communicating with people from other countries. It also allows us to respect different cultures and build better relationships with people around the world. 5.How should we communicate with people from different cultures? When in Rome,do as the Romans do. Reflecting 60 UNIT 6 0 We should keep an open mind and respect their customs and habits. We can learn about their culture in advance, listen carefully when they speak, and ask politely if we don't understand something. Also, we should be patient and avoid judging their culture by our own standards. T h a n ks for watching. zxq5421 zxq5421 163296.0 Lavf58.12.100 放松 Relax DJMag/DJ Wave/赵允哲 Blues 129180.305 $ 人教版英语八年级下册 Unit6 写作 PPT制作：Free C rystal 设计：Free Crystal 1 How do we communicate with people from different cultures? Read the information. How do you greet people in China? WARM-UP People in America eat with a knife and fork, and it’s polite to bring a small gift when going to a party. Also, they are supposed to shake hands when meeting for the first time. Model Answer WARM-UP Answer the questions in complete sentences. No, it isn’t. People in France aren’t supposed to put their elbows on tables. What are the table manners in America mentioned in the chart? Is it polite to put elbows on tables in France? WARM-UP We should avoid sticking chopsticks into food, hitting an empty bowl and pointing at anyone with chopsticks in China. Model Answer WARM-UP Answer the questions in complete sentences. The topic sentence can be “Different countries have different customs in greeting and table manners.” It clearly points out the main content of the passage—custom differences in greeting and table manners across countries. What impolite things should we avoid doing with chopsticks in China? How to write a topic sentence for the passage “Different countries have different customs”? WARM-UP Learning about different cultural customs helps us avoid misunderstandings in communication, show respect to people from other countries, and build better relationships with them. Model Answer WARM-UP Answer the questions in complete sentences. Why is it important to learn about different cultural customs? Read the definition and guess the word. Key Words point To hold out your finger or something similar to show the position or direction of someone or something Read the definition and guess the word. Key Words impolite Not having or showing good manners; rude. Read the definition and guess the word. Key Words chopsticks A pair of thin, usually wooden or bamboo sticks used in East and Southeast Asian countries to eat food by picking it up. WARM-UP 一、重点短语（亮点词块） 1. be supposed to 应该 2. such as 例如 3. point at 指着 4. stick...into... 把……插入…… 5. hit an empty bowl 敲空碗 6. learn about 了解 7. shake hands 握手 8. for the first time 第一次 Phrases and sentences to know 二、重点句子（高分句型） 1. 时间状语从句：In America, you are supposed to shake hands when you meet for the first time. 2. 条件状语从句：If you are invited to a party, you had better bring a small gift, such as a flower. 3. 否定祈使类：You aren’t supposed to put bread on the plate and your elbows shouldn’t be on the table. 4. 形式主语句型：But it is very impolite to stick your chopsticks into the rice. 5. 建议句型：So before you go to another country, learn about their customs. Read the paragraph WARM-UP Different countries have different customs In America, people are supposed to shake hands when meeting for the first time. If you go to an American party, it’s polite to bring a small gift, and people eat with a knife and fork there. In France, people greet each other with a kiss, but they aren’t supposed to put bread on plates or put their elbows on tables. In China, we shake hands to greet others too, but it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into food, hit an empty bowl or point at anyone with chopsticks. Knowing these customs helps us communicate better. Different countries have different customs Language Skills Practice customs countriesDifferent have different 连词成句 In America, people are supposed to shake hands when meeting for the first time. Language Skills Practice meeting handsIn America, forpeople are firstsupposed to shake when the time. 连词成句 If you go to an American party, it’s polite to bring a small gift, and people eat with a knife and fork there. Language Skills Practice If you eat go to a with n American knife party, it’s polite to small bring a gift, and people a and fork there. 连词成句 But it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into food. Language Skills Practice chopsticksimpolite stickBut it’s to into food. 连词成句 Knowing these customs helps us communicate better. Language Skills Practice helps these customs Knowing us communicate better. 连词成句 Different countries have different customs Practice Title Introduction Body Conclusion ^_^ (^) - 2026春人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 单元话题作文 一、话题 A Lesson in Cultural Respect (一次文化尊重的教训) 二、写作要求 1. 围绕一次跨文化交流中的经历展开，明确说明交流场景(如接待外国朋友、参加国 际派对等)、遇到的文化 差异及引发的问题。 2. 结合单元主题“跨文化沟通”,重点阐述从经历中学会的文化尊重方法或跨文化交流 技巧。 3. 正确使用连词 (so...that/unless/as soon as) 等单元语法知识，语言流畅，逻辑清 晰。 4. 字数不少于80 词，文中不得出现真实人名、校名。 三、写作指导 1. 结构设计： 采用“场景引入一冲突发生一解决反思”的三段式结构，完整呈现 跨文化交流从误解到理解的 过程，突出“尊重差异”的核心。 2. 内容要点： · 背景铺垫：交代跨文化场景(如“接待来自法国的交换生”“参加印度主题派对”), 用一般过去时引入人物和情境。 ·冲突描述：详细说明因文化差异引发的误解(如“因提前赴约让主人尴尬”“用左 手 递 东 西 被 视 为 无 礼 “ ) , 结 合 单 元 词 汇 描 述 感 受 ( 如 “embarrassed/confused/rude”); 同时使用"so...that/unless/as soon as” 等 连 词增强逻辑(如"I arrived 10 minutes early so that I could help,but it made the host busy”)。 · 解决与反思：描述误解的化解过程(如“主人解释当地习俗”“查阅资料了解礼 仪“),总结跨文化交流的 要点(如“提前了解对方习俗”“尊重不同礼仪”“主动 沟通询问”),呼应“入乡随俗”的单元主题。 2026春人教版英语八年级下册 3. 语言技巧： · 词 汇 运 用 : 合 理 使 用 单 元 核 心 词 汇 ( 如 "custom/manner/formal/informal/private”) 及 短 语 ( 如 "shake hands/kiss cheeks/press palms together“)。 · 句式变化：运用“so...that”描述结果(如“The rules were so confusing that I made mistakes”)、“unless”表达条件(如“Don't ask personal questions unless you know them well")、“as soon as”强 调 时 间 ( 如“As soon as I arrived,I realized the difference”)。 · 逻 辑 衔 接： 用 “at first/suddenly/luckily/finally” 等 词 串 联 事 件 发 展 ， 用 “but/however/so” 体现转折或因果关系。 四、写作模板 开头段 Last month,my family hosted a dinner for Lisa,an exchange student from France. We were very excited to welcome her,so we prepared a lot of Chinese food.I thought it would be a great evening,but I soon realized there were big cultural differences between us.The trouble started as soon as she arrived. 中间段 I had read that French people like gifts,so l gave her a box of chocolates.She was happy,but when we sat down to eat,I made a mistake.I kept asking her how old she was and whether she was married.Lisa looked uncomfortable and said,"These questions are too private in France."I felt so embarrassed that I didn't know what to say.My mom quickly explained that in Western countries,people don't talk about personal things unless they are close friends.Later,Lisa told me that in France,it's also impolite to arrive early—she had planned to come 5 minutes late but changed her mind. 结尾段 2026春人教版英语八年级下册 This experience taught me a valuable lesson about cultural respect.I learned that we should learn about others'customs as soon as we get the chance to communicate with them.We shouldn't judge other cultures by our own rules,and we should ask for advice if we're confused.Cultural differences make the world interesting,but respect makes cross-cultural communication possible. 五、范文 A Lesson in Cultural Respect Last term,our class welcomed a new student from India named Arjun.I was eager to make friends with him,so I invited him to my home for dinner.I thought I had prepared well,but I soon learned a big lesson in cultural respect. As soon as Arjun arrived,I handed him a beef sandwich—my favorite!But he shook his head and said,"Cows are sacred in India,so we don't eat beef."I felt so embarrassed that my face turned red.Then,during dinner,I used my left hand to pass him a bowl.My mom stopped me quickly and whispered,"It's rude in Indian culture unless you know someone very well."Arjun smiled and said it was OK,but he explained these customs patiently.I realized I had made mistakes because I didn't learn about his culture first. After that,I searched for Indian customs online.I learned they greet by pressing palms and saying "Namaste"and use only the right hand to eat.This experience told me that cross-cultural communication needs preparation and respect.As soon as we understand and respect differences,we can build real friendships. 一堂关于文化尊重的课 上学期，我们班迎来了一位来自印度的新同学，名叫阿琼。我很想和他交朋友，于是邀请他来 我家吃晚饭。我本以为自己准备得很充分，却很快学到了关于文化尊重的重要一课。 阿琼一到，我就递给他一个牛肉三明治—-那是我最爱吃的!但他摇了摇头说：“在印度，牛 是神圣的，所以我们不吃牛肉。”我感到非常尴尬，脸一下子红了。晚饭时，我用左手递给他 一个碗。妈妈立刻拦住了我，小声说：“在印度文化里，这是不礼貌的，除非你和对方非常熟悉。” 阿琼笑了笑说没关系，但还是耐心地解释了这些习俗。我意识到，因为事先没有了解他的文化， 我犯了错误。 在那之后，我在网上查阅了印度的习俗。我了解到他们通过双手合十并说“合十礼”来打招呼， 而且只用右手吃饭。这次经历告诉我，跨文化交流需要准备和尊重。只要我们理解并尊重差异， 就能建立真正的友谊。 2026春人教版英语八年级下册 隆 文 ： T h a n ks for watching. Lavf58.12.100 放松 Relax DJMag/DJ Wave/赵允哲 Blues 129180.305 $ 目录 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Time to Relax Growing Up Nature's Temper Stay Healthy A Good Read The Wonders of Nature Crossing Cultures Making a Difference Unit 6 1 人教版英语八年级下册 Free Crystal Part A 2 UNIT  6 Crossing Cultures BIG Question How do we communicate with people from different cultures? Look and share 1.What Chinese cultural elements can you see in the photo? 2.Do you think the girl in the photo likes to learn about Chinese culture?How do you know? Crossing Cultures In this unit,you will 1.talk about different customs around the world. 2.describe customs and explain what they mean. 3.use adverbial clauses withs...that,unless,and as soon as to show result,condition,or time. 4.understand cultural ifferences and know how to behave in different cultures. 3 shake hands握手 • ·例句：He shook my hand warmly when we met.（我们见面时，他热情地和我握了手。） ·语法知识点：不规则动词，过去式 shook /ʃʊk/，过去分词 shaken /ˈʃeɪkən/ ·短语：shake hands (with sb.) （与某人）握手；shake up 使震惊； 1a短语 bump fists 例句：When they meet at the party ,they smiled and bumped fists. • 释义：和某人碰拳。 bump fists with sb. hug用法讲解 ·hug /hʌɡ/ v.&n. 拥抱 例句：They hugged each other tightly when they met again.（他们重逢时紧紧相拥。） • hug用法讲解 ·hug /hʌɡ/ v.&n. 拥抱 。 ·短语：give sb. a hug 给某人一个拥抱；hug oneself 暗自庆幸 1a短语 bow用法讲解 ·bow /baʊ/ v.&n. 鞠躬 ·例句：She bowed to the audience after her performance. （她表演结束后向观众鞠躬。） ·语法知识点：作动词时为规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为 bowed；作名词时为可数名词，复数形式 bows ·短语：bow down to 屈服于；鞠躬致敬 kiss cheeks 词性：动词短语， People in some European countries often kiss cheeks when they meet for the first time. kiss sb. on the cheek • kiss cheeks 是口语化的动词短语，意为亲吻脸颊，是表达友好、亲昵或礼节性问候的肢体动作，常见于部分西方文化的社交场景。 rub noses •rub noses with sb.（表示“和某人蹭鼻子行礼/亲昵”） The Maori people in New Zealand rub noses as a traditional greeting. How different are our cultures? CTI o.A How different are our cultures? Match the greetings with the pictures. D_shake hands C _bow B bump fists F rub noses A kiss cheeks E hug 52 UNIT 6 SectionA, Ib and lc Conversation 1 Anna: Hi Kaito!You're new here,right?I'm Anna Brown,one of your teachers.Pleased to meet you...Oh! Kaito: What's wrong,Ms Brown? Anna: Sorry,your bow surprised me.We usually just say"hello"or shake hands in the US! Kaito: That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. • 语法功能：动词短语，表“握手”，为固定搭配，hand 必须用复数形式。 常见搭配：shake\ hands\ with\ sb.（和某人握手） • •限定词短语，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。 结构：one\ of + 复数名词/代词 • 例句：She is one of my best friends.（她是我最好的朋友之一。） 连词短语，引导时间状语从句，表“一……就……”。 时态规则：主句用一般现在时/将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从现）；主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。 文本原句：In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.（在日本，我们一见到老师就鞠躬。）（主、从句均为一般现在时） Conversation 2 Harry: Hello!You're Li Tong,right?I′m Harry.We're in the same science class. Li Tong:Oh,hi,Harry!...Sorry,should we shake hands?How do you greet others in the UK? Harry: We could,but it's a little formal.Usually we just say"hello". Li Tong:Do you kiss others on the cheek? Harry: We hug sometimes,but we don't usually kiss to say hello.We don’t bow either.That's so formal that we only do it at special times. Li Tong:Wow!I thought people in the UK were very formal. 详见下页ppt用法 either 一、作形容词：“两者中的任意一个”结构：either + 单数名词 • 例句：You can choose either side of the table to sit.（你可以选桌子任意一边坐） • 注意：后接名词必须用单数，不能接复数。 二、作代词：“两者中的任何一个/双方中的每一方” 1. 基本用法：单独使用或接of短语（either\ of + 复数名词/代词），谓语动词用单数。例：Either of the greetings is polite in this culture.（两种问候方式在该文化中都礼貌）2. 否定场景：与否定词连用表“两者都不”（较少见，常用neither替代）。例：I don't like either of the customs.（这两种习俗我都不喜欢） 三、作副词：“也（不）”用于否定句末尾，替代肯定句中的too/also。 结构：... , either. 例句：We don't bow to teachers in the US, either.（在美国，我们也不对老师鞠躬） 对比：She bows to teachers in Japan, too.（肯定句用too）四、作连词：“或者；要么” 固定搭配：either...or...（要么……要么……），连接两个并列成分。 语法规则：遵循就近原则，谓语动词的单复数与靠近的主语一致。 详见下页ppt用法 Modals © Cambridge University Press 2022 of obligation © Cambridge University Press 2022 You stop at a red light. must 15 © Cambridge University Press 2022 You 18 have to be over 18 to see the film. © Cambridge University Press 2022 You must take photos. n’t © Cambridge University Press 2022 You have to to enter the museum. don’t pay Museum Mondays Free Entry © Cambridge University Press 2022 He go to the hospital. should © Cambridge University Press 2022 He should draw on the wall. n’t © Cambridge University Press 2022 Can you remember the rules? Use must and have to to say ‘this is necessary’: You must / have to stop at the red light. Use don’t have to to say ‘this isn’t necessary’: You don’t have to go to school on Sundays. Use mustn’t to say ‘don’t do this’: You mustn’t walk on the grass. Use should to say ‘it’s a good idea’: You should go to the doctor. Use shouldn’t to say ‘it’s not a good idea’: You shouldn’t go to bed late. © Cambridge University Press 2022 Speaking Well, I think we have to … I think we should … We mustn’t … , because … Discuss the options in groups and choose. Then talk as a class and move onto the next card. I ____ go now, or I'll miss my train. can might must could A B C D 对本课件有任何使用的问题，请联系小助手微信：naodong5 本课件来自微信公众号：脑洞英语课堂 23 —____ I hand in the report today? —No, you needn't. Can Must Shall Could A B C D 对本课件有任何使用的问题，请联系小助手微信：naodong5 本课件来自微信公众号：脑洞英语课堂 24 —Jack, ____ you ride a bike? —Yes, I can. must may need can A B C D 对本课件有任何使用的问题，请联系小助手微信：naodong5 本课件来自微信公众号：脑洞英语课堂 25 —Must I finish reading the book today, Mr. Brown? —No, you ____. You can finish it in two days. needn’t mustn’t can’t couldn’t A B C D 对本课件有任何使用的问题，请联系小助手微信：naodong5 本课件来自微信公众号：脑洞英语课堂 26 Conversation 3 Bob: Hey Ji-Hoon,meet Marie.She's from France. Marie: Hi Ji-Hoon,nice to meet you ...Oh,don’t look so embarrassed! Ji-Hoon:It's embarrassing!In Korean culture,we don't usually kiss people unless welove them. Marie: In France we kiss friends on the cheek to say hello! 核心记忆口诀 • -ed：人感到……（embarrassed → 人感到尴尬） • -ing：物令人……（embarrassing → 事令人尴尬） 修饰对象：人（或人的感受、表情、心理状态）• 常用搭配：be embarrassed about/at sth.（因某事感到尴尬）、feel embarrassed embarrassing（形容词） 含义：令人尴尬的、使人难堪的 • 修饰对象：事物、场景、事件（能引发尴尬的人或物也可） • 常用搭配：an embarrassing situation/moment（尴尬的场景/时刻） Listen to three conversations at a party.Match the guests with their feelings. Share your ideas on why they have these feelings. 1.Anna A.embarrassed 2.Li Tong B.surprised 3.Ji-Hoon C.confused Sorry,your bow surprised me.We usually just say"hello"or shake hands in the US! That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. Listen again.Complete the table with the common greetings in each country. Anna (US) Kaito (Japan) Harry (UK) Marie (France) shake hands bow shake hands kiss cheeks 52 UNIT 6 Choose two characters from 1b and 1c.Role-play meeting each other. ● How do you greet people in ...? ● Is it common to greet others by...? ● We usually ...to say hello. ● We don't/never ...because it's too formal/not formal enough. 52 UNIT 6 Crossing Cultures China Japan UK How do you greet people in China? We usually shake hands or nod our heads to say hello. Is it common to greet others by hugging in China? We don't hug strangers because it's not formal enough for us. How about in America? We often hug or high-five our friends to say hello, but we shake hands with strangers. How do you greet people in Japan? We usually bow slightly to show respect. Is it common to hug when meeting someone in Japan? We don’t hug people we don’t know well because it’s too intimate for us. How about in America? We often hug or high - five our close friends, but we just shake hands with strangers or colleagues. A B France 31 Crossing Cultures China Japan UK How do you greet people in the UK then? We mostly shake hands with a gentle grip when meeting for the first time. Is it polite to stand very close while greeting in the UK? We don’t stand too close to others when greeting, because we value personal space a lot. How about in France? We usually shake hands briefly with acquaintances, and we give light cheek kisses to good friends—usually twice, once on each cheek. A B France 32 1.Many people like /do not like curry. 2.It is usually OK to be late /early when visiting friends. 3.People will usually offer you some tea/fruit when you visit them. 4.People usually wear clothes which cover their arms/legs. 5.It is rude/polite to give or take things with your left hand. 6.Dishes with beef are common/uncommon. Complete the sentences about Indian culture.What else do you know about India? Listen to the conversation and number the pictures in the order of the topics mentioned. 2 3 1 4 Section A,2band 2c Ella: We heard you're going to India,Peter!How exciting! Peter: Yes,I’m really excited!You went there last year,right?Can you tell me about their customs? Ella: Sure!First,they have a special greeting.They press their palms together,bow,and say,“Namaste.” Peter: Wow!I'll remember that. Ella: Second,you should only use your right hand to eat. Peter: With my knife and fork? Ella: Well,people may not use a knife and fork at all.Very often they eat with their hands instead. Peter: OK!Anything else? Emma: Yes!People in India often eat a lot of curry.I ate chicken curry there,and it was delicious!But don't expect to eat any beef.Cows are protected in India.They are special to many people. Ella: And they even walk anywhere they like!While we were there,one walked right in front of our car!It walked so slowly that we had to slow down and follow it! Listen again and complete the sentences. 1.In India,people have a special greeting .They press their palms together， bow ,and say,“Namaste.” 2.People in India use their right hand to eat.They seldom eat with a knife and fork. 3.People often eat a lot of curry.It's popular in India. 4.In India, cows are very special to many people.They can anywhere they like. Crossing Cultures 53 Indian customs. Imagine a friend is going to visit India.Tell him or her about Indian customs. A:How do people in India greet others? B:... A:What special foods do Indian people often eat?B:.. A: How do people in India greet others? B: They usually press their palms together and nod their heads slightly, which is called the "namaste" gesture. It's a sign of respect, and they also say "Namaste" when greeting. People don't usually shake hands with strangers casually, especially between men and women who aren't familiar with each other. A: What special foods do Indian people often eat? B: They often eat curry with rice or naan bread. Biryani, a spicy rice dish with meat or vegetables, is also very popular. Besides, samosas (fried pastries with fillings) and lassi (a yogurt drink) are common snacks and drinks in India. Most Indians don't eat beef because cows are considered sacred there, and many people are vegetarians. Sam: What's wrong,Hongli? Hongli: I’m having dinner at my friend's house tonight.But English table manners are so confusing that I’m a little worried. Sam: Well,I'm from London.Ask me anything! Hongli: Thanks!Well,first,should I bring something? Sam: Yes.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food unless the host asks you to.And remember to wait for the host to start before you eat. Hongu: Good to know!Could you tell me the proper way to use a knife and fork too? Read the conversation.Why is Hongli worried? UNIT 6 Sam: Just hold the knife in your right hand,and the fork in your left.If you get confused,watch what everyone else does. Hongli: OK.Anything else? Sam: Hmm.After the meal,thank the host and say that everything was delicious.And,most importantly. Hongli: Yes? Sam: Enjoy yourself! Hongli: Thanks,I will! Read the conversation.Why is Hongli worried? UNIT 6 Hongli is worried because he is having dinner at his friend's house tonight and English table manners are confusing for him. Make notes about having dinner at a friend's house in the UK. Before the meal During the meal After the meal UNIT 6 - Bring a small gift (don’t bring food unless the host asks). - Wait for the host to start eating. - Hold the knife in the right hand and the fork in the left. - Watch others if confused. - Thank the host and say everything was delicious. Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. UNIT 6 ○ Wait for older people to start eating. ● Sit up straight.Keep your elbows off the table. ● Do not stand up to reach for food.Ask others to pass you the dish. ● Use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from shared dishes. A:I’m going to a Chinese friend’s house for dinner.Could you give me some advice on table manners? B:Sure!First, … Imagine that your foreign friend is going to have dinner at a Chinese person’s house for the first time.Use the tips below to give him or her some advice. UNIT 6 A:I’m going to a Chinese friend’s house for dinner.Could you give me some advice on table manners? B:Sure!First, wait for older people to start eating. Then, sit up straight and keep your elbows off the table. Also, do not stand up to reach for food; ask others to pass you the dish. And use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from shared dishes. UNIT 6 Do you ever bow? No,that's so formal that we don't do it these days. Should I bring something? Sure.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. I was surprised by your bow.We usually just say"hello"or shake hands in the US That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. Don't look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing! Read the sentences.What do the words in red mean?How are the pairs of Crossing Cultures Grammar Focus words in blue used differently? Combine the sentences using the words in brackets. 1. Türkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if they are good friends.(unless) In Türkiye,people don't kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good friends. 2.Japan:Take off your shoes.You do this when you enter someone's home. (as soon as) In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone's home.. Crossing Cultures 3.Kenya:Being late is very common.You should be patient and not expect people to be on time.(so ...that) In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time. 4.China:Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude.You should avoid it.(so...that) In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it. 5.Mexico:Don't use someone's first name if you don’t know him or her well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so.(unless)  In Mexico, don't use someone's first name unless the person invites you to do so (or unless you know him or her well). Crossing Cultures Do you know what culture shock is?You may feel it when you experience a new culture,because the new culture is so...that different from your Own that you feel interested.For example,I expcrienced this as Soon as I got off the plane in Peru last year.People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus!That was really surprising to me.In Germany,people usually like more personal space,and we don’t stand close to someone unless we know them very well.But once I was used to it,I became more curious and surprised in learning about the culture there. It's so interesting to discover cultural differences like this! surprising surprised So...that as interesting interested Soon as unless Crossing Cultures T h a n ks for watching. 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